T107 Weather Station Revision: 12/11 C o p y r i g h t © 1 9 9 3 - 2 0 1 1 C a m p b e l l S c i e n t i f i c , I n c .
Warranty “PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED BY CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. are warranted by Campbell Scientific, Inc. (“Campbell”) to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for twelve (12) months from date of shipment unless otherwise specified in the corresponding Campbell pricelist or product manual. Products not manufactured, but that are re-sold by Campbell, are warranted only to the limits extended by the original manufacturer.
Assistance Products may not be returned without prior authorization. The following contact information is for US and international customers residing in countries served by Campbell Scientific, Inc. directly. Affiliate companies handle repairs for customers within their territories. Please visit www.campbellsci.com to determine which Campbell Scientific company serves your country. To obtain a Returned Materials Authorization (RMA), contact CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC., phone (435) 227-2342.
T107 Weather Station Table of Contents PDF viewers: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the PDF reader bookmarks tab for links to specific sections. 1. Preparation and Siting .............................................1-1 1.1 Siting and Exposure.............................................................................. 1-1 1.1.1 Wind Speed and Direction .......................................................... 1-1 1.1.2 Temperature and Relative Humidity..............
T107 Weather Station Table of Contents 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.5.2 Phone Modem ........................................................................... 2-23 2.5.2.1 Internal Installation.......................................................... 2-23 2.5.2.2 External Installation......................................................... 2-24 2.5.3 Short-Haul Modem.................................................................... 2-24 2.5.3.1 Internal Installation..............................................
T107 Weather Station Table of Contents Appendices A. T107 Maintenance Log............................................ A-1 B. PS24 24 Ahr Power Supply and 10 x 12 inch Enclosure ............................................................ B-1 B.1 PS24 Components ................................................................................B-1 B.2 Installation............................................................................................B-4 C. Exploded Views...................................
T107 Weather Station Table of Contents 2.4-12. Pyranometer Leveling................................................................... 2-18 2.4-13. Remove Red or Green Pyranometer Cap...................................... 2-18 2.4-14. Position of Sensor Bulkhead Connectors ..................................... 2-19 2.4-15. Connecting Sensor Cabling to Enclosure ..................................... 2-20 2.5-1. Close-up of the terminals and 9-pin ports in the T107 (battery not shown). ......................
T107 Weather Station Table of Contents B.2-5. Enclosure Locking Mechanism .......................................................B-8 B.2-6. Mounted Solar Panel........................................................................B-9 B.2-7. Procedure for installing and connecting battery ............................B-11 Tables 4.1-1. CR1000 Lithium Battery Specifications........................................... 4-5 4.2-1. Multi-Point Network LED Status...................................................
T107 Weather Station Table of Contents vi
Section 1. Preparation and Siting 1.1 Siting and Exposure CAUTION If any part of the weather station comes in contact with power lines, you could be killed. Contact local utilities for the location of buried utility lines before digging or driving ground rods. Selecting an appropriate site for the weather station is critical in order to obtain accurate meteorological data.
Section 1. Preparation and Siting 1.1.2 Temperature and Relative Humidity Sensors should be located over an open level area at least 9 m (29.5 ft) (EPA) in diameter. The surface should be covered by short grass, or where grass does not grow, the natural earth surface. Sensors should be located at a distance of at least four times the height of any nearby obstruction and at least 30 m (98.43 ft) (EPA) from large paved areas. Sensors should be protected from thermal radiation, and adequately ventilated.
THI S SID E UP Section 1. Preparation and Siting Cut Lower Flap Edge First FIGURE 1.2-1A. Cut Flap Packing Tape Top Packing Foam Layer Middle Packing Foam Layer T107, Top Layer T107, Bottom Layer Bottom Packing Foam Layer FIGURE 1.2-1B.
Section 1. Preparation and Siting Crossarm with Rain, Solar, and Temp/%RH Sensors Wind Vane Manual Enclosure Top Layer Wind Set Instruction Instruction Manual Manual Cardboard Cardboard Containing Wind Vane FIGURE 1.2-2.
Section 1. Preparation and Siting ⇒ Securely tape box shut if transporting entire station to another site. If at the main site, remove any communication components that are installed at the calling computer. Repackage remaining components for transport to field site. Solar panel and RF items (if any) will be packed in a separate box. • Several days prior to the planned installation date… ⇒ Collect tools and site information (Section 1) ⇒ Install datalogger support software (Section 3) 1.2.
Section 1. Preparation and Siting 1.3.
Section 1. Preparation and Siting 1.5 Determining True North for Wind Vane Orientation Magnetic declination, or other methods to find True North, should be determined prior to installing the weather station. True North is usually found by reading a magnetic compass and applying the correction for magnetic declination*; where magnetic declination is the number of degrees between True North and Magnetic North.
Section 1. Preparation and Siting FIGURE 1.5-2. Declination Angles East of True North Are Subtracted From 0 to Get True North FIGURE 1.5-3. Declination Angles West of True North Are Added to 0 to Get True North 1.5.1 Web Calculator Since magnetic declination fluctuates with time, it should be determined each time the wind sensor orientation is adjusted. It can be accessed at www.ngdc.noaa.gov/geomagmodels/Declination.jsp Below is an example for Logan, UT.
Section 1. Preparation and Siting A positive declination is east, while a negative declination is west. The declination in this example is 12º 24′ or 12.4º. As shown in Figure 1.5-1, the declination for Logan, UT is east, so True North for this site is 360 – 12.4, or 347.6 degrees. References 1 EPA, (1987). On-Site Meteorological Program Guidance for Regulatory Modeling Applications, EPA-450/4-87-013. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711.
Section 1. Preparation and Siting 4 EPA, (1989). Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, EPA Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711.
Section 2. Hardware Installation DANGER: Do not install near power lines. If any part of the tower comes in contact with power lines you could be KILLED. Contact local utilities for the location of buried utility lines before digging or driving grounding rods. CAUTION: Do not fit the 3 meter ET Tower sections together until the appropriate time. Once attached, they cannot be detached. The ET Tower provides a support structure for mounting the T107 weather station components. Figure 2.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.1 Base Foundation 2.1.1 Supplied Components (3) 5/8 inch Anchor L-Bolts (9) 1/2 inch Nuts (1) Anchor Template Refer to Section 1 for components supplied by installer and bring components. 2.1.2 Installation 2-2 1. The ET Tower attaches to a user supplied concrete foundation constructed as shown in Figure 2.1-2. 2. Construct the concrete form with 2" x 4" lumber and 16p nails. 3. Assemble the template and anchor bolts.
Section 2. Hardware Installation SIDE VIEW FORM TOP VIEW 2" FORM WIRE NORTH ANCHOR BOLT 24" 24" SMALL CAVITY CEMENT PAD 24" FORM WIRE TEMPLATE FIGURE 2.1-2. ET Tower Base Installation Anchor Bolt Conduit FIGURE 2.1-3.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.1.3 AC Power Installation a) The AC power option includes a 120 VAC to 16 VAC step down transformer. The transformer should be mounted inside a user-supplied junction box according to local electrical codes. Dangerous electrical accidents may be avoided by locating the transformer remotely and burying a low voltage line to the station. The low voltage will carry up to 500 feet on an 18 AWG power cable. b) Shut off 110 VAC power at the main breaker.
Section 2. Hardware Installation pole sections is acceptable. Lay the assembled pole on the ground next to the concrete foundation. NOTE 3. Cut and save a 9 inch piece of 12 AWG ground wire from the 12 foot length provided. This will be used later to attach the enclosure ground to the lightning rod assembly (reference Figure 2.3-1). 4. Thread communication cable, power cable with connector ends of cable out the top of tower, and grounding wire through the tower and conduit.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 4 AWG Wire Ground Rod FIGURE 2.2-2. Close up of Ground Rod and 4 AWG Cable 2.2.3 Tower Grounding 2.2.3.1 Supplied Components (1) 5 foot 4 AWG Ground Cable (1) Copper Ground Lug, Bolt (1) Ground Rod, Clamp 2.2.3.2 Grounding Procedure Ground the tower as shown in Figures 2.2-1 and 2.2-2. 2-6 1. Place the ground rod clamp on the ground rod. Secure it about 3 inches from the top. Do this before the rod is driven into the ground.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.3 Enclosure The weather station datalogger, power supply, sensor connection panel, communications devices, and data retrieval peripherals are mounted in the ET enclosure. Refer to Appendix C.1 for a labeled, exploded view of the enclosure. Lightning Rod Crossarm Pyranometer Tipping Bucket Rain Gage Met One 034B Wind Set ET Enclosure Radiation Shield Logan, Utah MADE IN USA Ground Rod FIGURE 2.3-1. T107 Instrumentation Mounted on the ET Tower 2.3.
Section 2. Hardware Installation b. 2 – 2.5 cm Loosen the mounting bracket bolts on the back of the enclosure wide enough to slide over the pole. Slide the enclosure over the pole. Position the enclosure so it faces east for northern latitudes or west for southern latitudes. The top of the enclosure should be 2 – 2.5 cm (3/4” to 1”) above the top of the pole (see Figure 2.3-2). Power Cable (if using AC transformer) Ground Wire COM Cable (if using phone or short-haul modem) FIGURE 2.3-2.
Section 2. Hardware Installation Screws (4) FIGURE 2.4-1. T107 Sensor Arm Mounting 1) Remove the front lid and the protective connector cover from the back of the ET enclosure by loosening the one Phillips screw at the bottom of the cover. 2) Place the sensor arm on top of the enclosure, lining up the four threaded holes on the under side of the arm with the four holes in the top of the enclosure. Attach the arm to the enclosure by inserting and tightening four Phillips head screws.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.4.3 RH and Temperature Radiation Shield 1. Remove the two Phillips screws taped underneath the crossarm. 2. Remove the yellow shipping cap from off the end of the temperature/relative humidity sensor. See Figures 2.4-2 and 2.4-3. Remove Yellow Cap FIGURE 2.4-2.
Section 2. Hardware Installation Temp/RH with Cap Removed FIGURE 2.4-3. Temperature/Relative Humidity Sensor without Yellow Protective Cap 3. Insert the temperature/relative humidity into the gill radiation shield until it stops or a “click” is heard. 4. Attach the gill radiation shield to the underside of the crossarm using the two Phillips screws from step 1. 2.4.4 034B Wind Sensor (Wind Sensor Option –MW) 1. WARNING Install the 034B Wind Sensor as shown in Figure 2.
Section 2. Hardware Installation Temp/% RH Gill Radiation Shield Phillips Mounting Screws FIGURE 2.4-4. Wind and RH/Temperature Sensor Installation Wind Vane Counter Weight Shoulder Screw South Alignment Sticker UTION ENTIOMETER ENT 5mA FACE SOUTH Alignment Screw FIGURE 2.4-5.
Section 2. Hardware Installation WARNING The wind vane can be easily damaged if dropped or bent. Leave the wind vane in the protective cardboard sleeve until it’s ready to be installed. 2. Remove the alignment screw at the base of the 034B-ET (Figure 2.4-5). Insert the 034B into the 034B Mounting Shaft. Align the hole in the shaft with that in the 034B base and replace the screw. Do not overtighten the alignment screw. Do not remove the shoulder screw at this time. 3.
Section 2. Hardware Installation Loosen Screws FIGURE 2.4-6. Screws that Secure the Electronics Cover 4. Remove the electronics cover to expose the PCB (see Figure 2.4-7). Lift Here FIGURE 2.4-7.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 5. Move the jumper at the top of connector PC board so that it is placed over the center and right pins (see Figure 2.4-8). New Jumper Position FIGURE 2.4-8. Jumper Set for WindSonic1 6. Replace electronics cover. 7. Tighten screws. 8. Reattach 10588 ribbon cable to the CS I/O port. 9. Replace enclosure cover. 2.4.5.2 Attachment to Sensor Arm 1. Remove the three Phillips screws from the end of the white mounting shaft.
Section 2. Hardware Installation FIGURE 2.4-9. Gill WindSonic Mounting Shaft 3. Slide the connector and cable up through the center of the mounting shaft. Plug the cable into the Gill WindSonic sensor. The connector has a key and needs to be pushed in then rotated clockwise to lock it in place. See Figure 2.4-10. FIGURE 2.4-10.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 4. Center the Gill WindSonic over the three threaded screw holes on the mounting shaft and screw it in place using the three Phillips screws taken off the shaft in step 1. 5. Slide the shaft and sensor back through the U-bolt. Align the sensor with north by pointing the small colored dot on outer edge of the bottom of the sensor so it faces true north. Space the sensor about 25.4 cm (10 inches) above the crossarm and tighten down the U-bolt. 2.4.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.4.7 Pyranometer Level the pyranometer as indicated in Figure 2.4-12. Adjust the three leveling screws until the bubble level indicates plumb. Remove the red or green shipping cap from the pyranometer. See Figure 2.4-13. Leveling Screws FIGURE 2.4-12. Pyranometer Leveling Remove Cap FIGURE 2.4-13.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.4.8 Sensor Connections Sensor schematics are provided in Section 4.3.1. 1. WARNING Each sensor cable plug attaches to a unique bulkhead connector as shown in Figure 2.4-14. The sensor cables are individually marked to match up with the sensor labeling on the back of the enclosure. The 034B Wind Sensor plugs into the connector labeled WS/WD. Plugging this sensor in the connector labeled SDI-12 may damage the sensor and/or the main enclosure connector board.
Section 2. Hardware Installation NOTE It’s very important that each plug is completely seated on to the connector and the locking ring turned ¼ revolution clockwise. Failure to seat the plug completely could cause corrosion and water damage to both the enclosure and the sensor cable. NOTE Notice how the sensor caps are slid between the connector and the one above in Figure 2.4-15. This will keep the caps out of the way of the connector cover. FIGURE 2.4-15.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.4.9 Sensor Verification and Clock Set NOTE The T107 comes with a default program (see Appendix D). NOTE Use standard time in the station if calculating evapotranspiration (ETsz). Do not use daylight savings time. Additional Station Communication Options: a) The station can be accessed directly using a CR1000KD keypad display at the weather station. Plug the keypad into the extra plug coming off the 9-pin connector marked “CS I/O”.
Section 2. Hardware Installation NOTE Connects with phone modem’s RJ-11 patch cord Connects with Rad modem’s 4-wire patch cable It’s best to use Device Configuration Utility (DevConfig) and connect directly to the station to change the CR1000 configuration. DevConfig is included with LoggerNet and can be obtained, at no charge, from our website. Connects with a phone modem, Rad modem, or RF450 radio via the 10588 ribbon cable Connects with a laptop via an RS-232 serial cable FIGURE 2.5-1.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.5.2 Phone Modem Phone modems enable communications between the ET Enclosure and a Hayes compatible modem at your PC over a dedicated phone line. Phone line surge protection is built into the ET Enclosure. By default, the COM220 phone modem is configured for SDC7. RJ-11 Patch Cord Connects with RJ-11 Jack Ground Wire 10588 Ribbon Cable FIGURE 2.5-2. Phone Modem Mounting and Connections (battery not shown) 2.5.2.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2. Connect the modem 9-pin port to the ET Enclosure CS I/O port with the P/N 10588 ribbon cable supplied with the ET Enclosure (see Figure 2.5-1 and 2.5-2). 3. Connect the modem RJ-ll jack to the ET Enclosure RJ-11 jack with the RJ-ll patch cord (see Figure 2.5-2). 4. Connect the modem ground terminal block (GND) to the ET Enclosure ground with the 14 AWG ground wire. 2.5.2.
Section 2. Hardware Installation Rad Short Haul Modem SC932C 10588 Ribbon Cable (see Figure 2.5-4 for wiring) 12” 4-Wire Patch Cable (see Figure 2.5-4 for wiring) FIGURE 2.5-3. Short-Haul Modem Mounting and Connection 2.5.3.1 Internal Installation NOTE If the short haul modem was ordered with the T107, you can skip this section and go directly to the External Installation section.
Section 2. Hardware Installation Install the short-haul modems as shown in Figure 2.5-3 and 2.5-4. WARNING 1. Mount the Rad / SC932C mounting bracket into the ET Enclosure with the three pre-threaded screws provided. 2. Connect the Rad Modem and SC932C. Strap them into the mounting bracket under the Velcro strap. 3. Connect the SC932C 9-pin port to the internal ET Enclosure CS I/O port with the P/N 10588 Ribbon Cable supplied with the ET Enclosure (see Figure 3.3-1). 4.
Section 2. Hardware Installation NOTE The splice and wire nut must be completely immersed into the silicon gel inside the splice tube to be waterproof. 2) Mount the surge protector box to a flat surface within 5 feet of the PC's serial port. Ground the center terminal to an earth (or building) ground using the 14 AWG wire. 3) Connect the 5-foot patch cable from the surge box to the Rad Modem. Fasten the cable to the strain relief tab with a cable tie.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.5.4.1 Power Considerations AC power is recommended when using RF450 radios with the station. A 10 watt solar panel can be used but days without sunlight and winter months with little sunlight should be considered. The T107 station comes with a 7 amp-hour battery that is NOT designed to handle deep discharge. Discharging the battery below 11 Vdc may require battery replacement. Below are some examples of power calculations.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.5.4.3 Internal Installation NOTE If the RF450 radio was ordered with the T107, you can skip this section and go directly to the External Installation section. The following components are provided in the RF450 radio kit for installation inside the ET enclosure: (1) 18327 RF450 900MHz 1 W Spread Spectrum Radio (1) 20584 RF450 ET Enclosure Antenna Cable (1) 20585 RF450 ET Enclosure Mounting Bracket The radio comes mounted to the ET bracket. Install the assembly as follows.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 3. Connect the long 9-pin female end of the 10588 ribbon cable to the CS I/O port on the RF450 radio. Screw the connector to the radio using the provided two screws. See Figures 2.5-6. 10588 Ribbon Cable FIGURE 2.5-6. Attach Ribbon Cable to RF450 CS I/O Port 2.5.4.
Section 2. Hardware Installation FIGURE 2.5-7. Loosely Wire Tie Antenna Cable FIGURE 2.5-8.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 3. Use the 2.125 stainless steel U-bolt to attach the adjustable angle mounting bracket to the pole. Depending on the size of the antenna position the bracket directly below, or above, the enclosure top mounting bracket. The top of an omni directional antenna should not be higher than the top of the lightning rod. Slide the U-bolt behind the pole and through the oval notches on the adjustable angle mounting bracket (see Figure 2.5-9).
Section 2. Hardware Installation FIGURE 2.5-10. Antenna Bracket Mounted to Pole 4. Mount the saddle bracket to the adjustable angle mount bracket by inserting the ends of the bracket through the quarter circle notches. Put a flat washer, lock washer, and a silicon bronze nut, in that order, on the ends of the saddle bracket. Do NOT tighten down the nuts at this time. FIGURE 2.5-11.
Section 2. Hardware Installation NOTE Only rotate enclosure if needed to allow aiming of the Yagi antenna to the base antenna. Keep solar radiation sensor towards the South as much as possible. Rotate wind sensor to realign as needed. 5. NOTE Use the following procedure to install the 14205 Yagi antenna for the RF450. Installation of the 14221 Omni antenna is similar. See Figure 2.5-14. Mounting hardware that comes in the box with the Yagi antenna will not be used. i.
Section 2. Hardware Installation iii. Adjust the antenna cable at the BNC connector so the cable cover fits over all the sensor cables as well as the antenna cable. You may have to gently bend the antenna cable to put a 90° bend by the BNC connector end of the cable. Take the cover off when you’re done. iv. Use one of the black wire ties to strap the antenna cable to the bundle of sensor cables. v. Tighten up the wire ties holding the antenna cable to the wire tie mount at the top of the enclosure. vi.
Section 2. Hardware Installation Wire Tie Wire Tie FIGURE 2.5-14. Wire Tie Locations for Omni Antenna Installation 2.5.4.5 Base Radio Installation The base radio kit comes with the following items. (1) 10873 RS-232 Serial Data Cable with 6 feet of cable (1) 15966 Wall Adapter: 100 to 240 Vac, 50-60 Hz Input to 12 Vdc 80 0mA Output with 6 feet of cable. (1) 18327 RF450 900 MHz, 1 W Spread Spectrum Radio (1) 20617 900 MHz 0 dBd Omnidirectional Window Mount Antenna with 79 inches (6.
Section 2. Hardware Installation Attach the SMA connector on the antenna to the RF450 radio. Remove the strip covering the adhesive on the antenna and stick it vertically to a window. Attach the serial cable from the calling computer’s serial port to the port marked “RS-232” on the RF450. Plug the wall adapter into a wall outlet and plug the barrel connector into the RF450 connector marked “DC POWER 728V”. You should see the lights on the radio come on. FIGURE 2.5-15. Base RF450 Installation FIGURE 2.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.6 Lightning Rod Installation Install lightning rod as shown in Figure 2.6-1 and 2.6-2. 1. Carefully mount the lightning rod clamp to the top of the pole (see Figure 2.6-1). Position the clamp so it won’t interfere with the connector cover. FIGURE 2.6-1. Lightning Rod Bracket Installation 2. 2-38 Strip 2.54 cm (1”) from the top of the main green 10 AWG tower ground wire. Insert the exposed wire into the empty clamp opening.
Section 2. Hardware Installation FIGURE 2.6-2. Grounding to Lightning Rod Clamp 3. Strip 2.54 cm (1”) from both ends of the 9” (23 cm) piece of 10 AWG green ground wire. Insert one end into the enclosure ground lug located at the top back of the enclosure. Put the other end in the same clamp opening as the main grounding wire and tighten down the screw (see Figure 2.6-2). 4. Insert the lightning rod into the empty clamp opening. The milled flat side of the lightning rod should face the clamping screw.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.7 Solar Panel Installation FIGURE 2.7-1. Solar Panel Mounting and Cabling a) 2-40 Mount the solar panel to the tower using the mounting brackets as shown in Figure 2.7-1. Mount the solar panel to the tower so it faces south (northern hemisphere). Position it as high off the ground as practical, ensuring it cannot interfere with air flow or sunlight around the sensors. The solar panel should be oriented to receive maximum insolation over the course of the year.
Section 2. Hardware Installation Site Latitude 0 to 10 degrees 11 to 20 21 to 45 46 to 65 >65 Tilt Angle (α) 10 degrees Latitude + 5 degrees Latitude + 10 degrees Latitude + 15 degrees 80 degrees α FIGURE 2.7-2. Side View of Solar Panel Shows Tilt Angle b) After determining the tilt angle, loosen the two bolts that attach the mounting bracket to the panel. Adjust the angle, then tighten the bolts. Secure the lead wire to the mast using wire ties as show in Figure 2.7-2.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.8 Battery Installation Power Switch FIGURE 2.8-1. PS100 Battery Installation The PS100 power switch should be in the “OFF” position. To install the battery, remove the cover from the PS100 by sliding the latch up at one end of the cover and sliding the cover down and out. Install the battery as shown in Figure 2.8-1. Plug the battery lead into the connector labeled “BATTERY – Internal 12V 7 Amp-Hour”. Put the cover back on the PS100 and latch it in place.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2.9 Restraining Cables and Sealing/Desiccating Enclosure 2.9.1 Restraining Cables 1. Loosely wire tie power, communication, and grounding cable to the wire tie harness at the top of the back of the station. Do NOT clip back the wire tie at this time. See Figure 2.9-1. Wire Tie Harness FIGURE 2.9-1. Cabling Strapped to Wire Tie Harness 2. Replace the connector cover. The tab at the top of the connector cover slides into the opening on the back of the cross arm.
Section 2. Hardware Installation FIGURE 2.9-2. Connector Cover in Place 6. Tighten down the wire ties holding cabling to the wire tie harness and clip off any excess. See Figure 2.9-2. 2.9.2 Sealing and Desiccating the Enclosure The ET Enclosure is supplied with two desiccant packs. The desiccant maintains a low humidity in the enclosure to minimize the chance of condensation on the instrumentation. Desiccant should be changed when the internal ET Enclosure humidity sensor measures 50% or higher.
Section 2. Hardware Installation 2) Be sure to close the enclosure hasp securely. A padlock may be used on the latch for extra security. Desiccant FIGURE 2.9-3.
Section 2.
Section 3. ET Software NOTE The T107 comes with a default program, and typically does not require additional programming (see Appendix D). A variety of different software packages are available to work with the T107 station. This section introduces software packages that can be used with the T107 station. It is not the goal to fully explain capabilities of each package. All software packages mentioned below come with extensive help files. Contact Campbell Scientific with questions and support.
Section 3.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics 4.1 Maintenance Proper maintenance of the T107’s components is essential to obtain accurate data. Equipment must be in good operating condition, which requires a program of regular inspection and maintenance. Routine and simple maintenance can be accomplished by the person in charge of the weather station. More difficult maintenance such as sensor calibration, sensor performance testing (i.e.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics Desiccant packs may be ordered in quantity of 20 individually sealed packs at a time (item# 6714) or by the individual pack (item# 4905). Campbell Scientific does have a $50.00 minimum charge. Any orders under $50.00 require a $15.00 handling fee. Call Campbell Scientific or your local Toro distributor for pricing. 4.1.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics 6 months • Replace 034B-ET’s anemometer bearings and reed switch if operating under harsh conditions, such as constant high winds, blowing dust, and/or salt spray contamination. 1 year • Replace 034B-ET wind speed (anemometer) bearings (item #3648). Contact your local Toro distributor for service. • Replace 034B-ET wind speed (anemometer) reed switch (item #13764) if needed. Contact your local Toro distributor for service.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics 2 years • Replace 034B-ET’s vane potentiometer if needed (call for part number and price). Contact your local Toro distributor. • Replace enclosure gasket if necessary. Contact your local Toro distributor. 3 years • Send the solar radiation sensor (pyranometer) for calibration. Contact your local Toro distributor. Sensor cannot be calibrated in the field. (Some users recommend calibrating this sensor on a yearly basis.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics 4.1.5 CR1000M Module The CR1000M Module contains a lithium battery that operates the clock and SRAM when the module is not powered. The CR1000M does not draw power from the lithium battery while it is powered by a 12 VDC supply. In an T107 stored at room temperature, the lithium battery should last approximately 10 years (less at temperature extremes). Where the T107 is powered most or all of the time, the lithium cell should last much longer.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics 4.2 Troubleshooting 4.2.1 No Response Using the CR1000KD Keypad Check keypad response after each of the following steps. A. Make sure the battery has been installed and the PS100 power switch is set to “ON” (Section 2.8). B. Use a voltmeter to measure the voltage on the 12 V and G terminals (see Figure 2.8-2); the voltage must be between 9.6 and 16 VDC. Use a voltmeter to measure the voltage on the 5V and G terminals (see Figure 2.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics 25-pin serial port: computer end modem end 2 3 7 20 2 3 7 20 9-pin serial port: computer end 2 3 4 5 modem end 3 2 20 7 F. Make sure the communication device at the computer is properly configured and cabled (Section 2.5). G. Call your local Toro distributor if still no response. 4.2.3 NAN or ±INF Displayed in a Variable A. Make sure the battery voltage is between 9.6 and 16 VDC. B.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics 4.2.5 NAN or ±INF Stored in a Data Table A. Something is wrong with the datalogger and/or sensor(s) if Short Cut or VisualWeather was used to create the station program. Make sure the sensor is plugged into the correct bulkhead connector. If CRBasic is used to create the station program verify channel assignments and multipliers. Datalogger program may need to be changed. 4.2.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics TABLE 4.2-1.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics Radios not networked together, not communicating: 1. Check the baud rate of all RF450s; they should be the same. 2. Check Network IDs of all RF450s; they should be the same. 3. Check Frequency Key Number of all RF450s; they should be the same unless two branches of the network are operating in a parallel manner. 4. Check the “Repeaters Used” box for all RF450s. 5. Check the PakBus address of dataloggers connected to RF450s and in LoggerNet.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics TABLE 4.2-2. Gill WindSonic Diagnostic Codes Diagnostic Status Comment 0 Okay All okay 1 Axis 1 Failed Insufficient samples, possible path obstruction 2 Axis 2 Failed Insufficient samples, possible path obstruction 4 Both Axis Failed Insufficient samples, possible path obstruction 8 NVM error Nonvolatile Memory checksum failed 9 ROM error Read Only Memory checksum failed 10 Maximum Gain Questionable wind measurements 4.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics 4.3.1 Sensor Schematics Schematics of T107 sensors and associated connectors are provided in Figures 4.3-1 through 4.3-7 for help in troubleshooting. Temp/RH 3 4 2 6 1 5 Connector Pin Air Temperature and Relative Humidity Sensor Relative Humidity (0-1VDC) 1 Air Temperature (0-1VDC) 2 Not Used 3 12V Switched Supply 4 Analog Ground 5 Shield 6 Datalogger 1H 1L 12VDC Switched Supply AG G FIGURE 4.3-1.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics Wind Speed and Wind Direction Sensor Connector Pin 10K OHM 1K OHM 10K OHM Potentiometer Excitation 3 Wind Direction Signal Return 1 Datalogger EX2 WS/WD 2H 3 4 2 6 Analog Ground 2 Wind Speed 4 Pulse 1 5 AG P1 Magnetically Activated Reed Switch 5 Ground G 6 Shield G FIGURE 4.3-2.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics Solar Radiation 3 4 2 6 1 5 Connector Pin Apogee Solar SolarRadiation Radiation Sensor Sensor Datalogger 1 3H 10 to 20 OHMS 450-650 OHMS 2 3L Shield Not Used 3 Not Used 4 Not Used 5 6 G FIGURE 4.3-4. Schematic of CS305-ET Solar Radiation Sensor and Connector Solar Radiation NOTE 4-14 The T106 used a Licor LI200X-ET Solar Radiation Sensor with OHM readings of 450 to 650.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics Connector Pin Tipping Rain Bucket Not Used Rain (Precip) 1 3 4 2 6 Not Used 2 Not Used 4 Pulse 3 Ground 5 1 5 Datalogger Magnetically Activated Reed Switch Shield P2 G 6 G FIGURE 4.3-5.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics Temperature or Soil Volumetric Water Content Connector Pin Datalogger CS616 Signal Return Temperature Signal Return Temperature Excitation 1 4H 2 4L TEMP CS616 3 EX3 3 4 2 CS616 +12V Supply 4 CS616 Control 5 Ground 6 1 5 +12V C7 6 G FIGURE 4.3-6.
Section 4. Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Schematics 4.3.2 Power Schematics 16-19 VAC or 16-24 VDC Solar Panel Power PS100 Charger/Regulator (Solar Panel+) (Solar Panel-) AC AC 1 2 Red Charge Black Charge Power 2 1 Note: PS100 Charger/Regulator is not sensitive to polarity. FIGURE 4.3-8. Schematic of Solar Panel and Connector Power 4.3.
Section 4.
Appendix A.
Appendix A.
Appendix B. PS24 24 Ahr Power Supply and 10 x 12 inch Enclosure The PS24 Power Supply is typically used when the T107 transmits data via RF450 Spread Spectrum Radios. However, the PS24 can be used for any situation where a larger capacity battery is desirable. B.1 PS24 Components The PS24 consists of a 24 Ahr rechargeable battery, CH100 regulator, and a 10” x 12” environmental enclosure (see Figures B.1-1 through B.1-3). The battery should be recharged via ac power or solar power.
Appendix B. PS24 24 Ahr Power Supply and 10 x 12 inch Enclosure FIGURE B.1-2.
HUMIDITY HUMIDITY INDICATOR Appendix B.
Appendix B. PS24 24 Ahr Power Supply and 10 x 12 inch Enclosure B.2 Installation CAUTION CAUTION The PS24 is purposely shipped without the battery mounted in its bracket. Do not install the battery until instructed to do so. 1. Place the top enclosure bracket on the pole at approximately 40 inches above the bottom of the pole. The bracket should be installed with the hook side up, and facing north. 2. Slide the strut clamps into the bracket as shown in Figure B.2-1.
Appendix B. PS24 24 Ahr Power Supply and 10 x 12 inch Enclosure 3. Place the bottom strut clamp and bracket approximately 12 inches below the top clamp. This clamp is installed with the hook side down. The bracket might have to be moved a little to accept the enclosure bracketing, so don’t tighten the bracket yet. Figure B.2-2 shows the top and bottom brackets correctly positioned on the T107 pole. FIGURE B.2-2.
Appendix B. PS24 24 Ahr Power Supply and 10 x 12 inch Enclosure 4. Hook the enclosure on the top bracket as shown in Figure B.2-3. FIGURE B.2-3.
Appendix B. PS24 24 Ahr Power Supply and 10 x 12 inch Enclosure 5. CAUTION The bottom enclosure bracket should slide between the top lip of the bottom strut mount bracket and the notch directly below. Move the bottom bracket if necessary, then bolt the bottom bracket down (see Figure B.2-4). Do NOT over tighten the bottom bracket. FIGURE B.2-4.
Appendix B. PS24 24 Ahr Power Supply and 10 x 12 inch Enclosure 6. NOTE The bottom enclosure bracket has a small metal locking mechanism. Push up on the small Phillips screw underneath the mechanism and slide it to the left. Once in place, put a small wire tie in the hole to the right of the locking mechanism (see Figure B.2-5). To remove the enclosure from the bracketing, cut off the wire tie, slide the lock to the right, and lift the entire enclosure off the bracketing. FIGURE B.2-5.
Appendix B. PS24 24 Ahr Power Supply and 10 x 12 inch Enclosure 7. Install the solar panel above the 10 x 12 enclosure, and face the solar panel south. See Figure B.2-6 for fully mounted solar. FIGURE B.2-6. Mounted Solar Panel IMPORTANT 8. Throw a blanket or box over the solar panel to prevent any voltage output. 9. Route the solar panel cable and power cable coming from the main T107 enclosure into the conduit at the bottom of the 10 x 12 enclosure.
Appendix B. PS24 24 Ahr Power Supply and 10 x 12 inch Enclosure 10. Wire the solar panel to the CH100 terminal blocks as follows. Solar Panel to CH100 Red: CHG Black: CHG NOTE Polarity makes no difference. Connect one wire per CHG terminal block. 11. Remove the blanket or box from the solar panel once it’s wired in place. 12. Wire the power cable coming from the T107 station as follows.
Appendix B. PS24 24 Ahr Power Supply and 10 x 12 inch Enclosure 13. Follow the Installation of Battery procedure provided in Figure B.2-7. Plug the battery into the connector on the CH100 marked “INT”. FIGURE B.2-7. Procedure for installing and connecting battery 14. An extra loop of ground wire was sent with the station. Use it to ground the enclosure to the grounding rod system. The external ground lug is mounted on the bottom left hand corner of the 10 x 12 enclosure. 15.
Appendix B. PS24 24 Ahr Power Supply and 10 x 12 inch Enclosure CAUTION The enclosure needs to be sealed up tight so don’t be stingy with the putty. 17. Put both bags of desiccant inside of the enclosure. 18. Stick the humidity indicator card on a wall inside of the enclosure. CAUTION Pink on the humidity indicator card means it’s time to change the desiccant. Change the desiccant at least every year. However, it’s often wise to change the desiccant every six months. 19. Close the enclosure lid.
Appendix C. Exploded Views C.
Appendix C. Exploded Views C.
Appendix D. Default Programs D.1 Program for T107 with 034B 'Program name: C:\TORO\T107_034B.CR1 'Programmer: Bart Nef - CSI 'Date: 4.Nov.2010 'Ver: C 'Notes: Toro T107_034B program to work with both the Toro software and Eicon. 'Changes from A (22.Jan.2007) to B: Corrected multiplier to convert wind speed in m/s to mph. 'Changes from B (25.Jan.
Appendix D. Default Programs 'Unit conversions. Public AirTempF Public WindSpd_mph Public TotalWSmph Public SlrRad_KW Public SlrRad_MJ Public Rain_inch Dim Scratch 'Air Temperature - Fahrenheit 'Wind Speed - miles/hour 'Totalized Wind Speed - miles/hour 'Solar radiation - Kilowatts/meter^2 'Solar radiation - Megajoules/meter^2 'Rain - inches 'Scratch pad variable for calculations.
Appendix D. Default Programs 'Main Program BeginProg 'Initialize Values (unitialized values are zero) Latitude=0.00001 Longitude=latitude Altitude_m=latitude FirstPass = False Baro_Kpa = 0 Scan(5,Sec, 3, 0) PortSet(9,1) 'Battery voltage Battery (BattVolt) 'Micrologger temperature PanelTemp (LogrTmpC,250) 'Save Site Values If SaveSite = 1 then CallTable SiteVal SaveSite=0 Endif 'Query Site Values from data table and use if needed. If Latitude = 0.00001 and SiteVal.Latitude(1,1)<> NAN then Latitude=SiteVal.
Appendix D. Default Programs If FirstPass = False Then MaxAirC = AirTempC MinAirC = AirTempC FirstPass = True Else If (AirTempC > MaxAirC) Then MaxAirC = AirTempC If (AirTempC < MinAirC) Then MinAirC = AirTempC Endif 'CONNECTOR SOLAR RADIATION 'CS305-ET or LI200X-ET Pyranometer VoltDiff(SlrRad_W, 1, mV7_5, 3, true, 0, _60Hz, 200, 0) If (SlrRad_W < 0) Then SlrRad_W = 0 If (SlrRad_W = NAN) Then SlrRad_W = -6999 SlrRad_KW = -6999 SlrRad_MJ = -6999 Else SlrRad_KW = SlrRad_W*0.001 SlrRad_MJ = SlrRad_W*0.
Appendix D. Default Programs Endif NextScan EndProg D.2 Program for T107 with Gill WindSonic 'Program name: C:\TORO\T107_GILL.CR1 'Programmer: Bart Nef - CSI 'Date: 7.April.2011 'Ver: D 'Notes: Toro T107_GILL program To work with both the Toro software AND Eicon. 'Changes from version A to B: Corrected the method used to read the Gill wind sonic. 'Customer must have version 13 OS in their CR1000 to use this program! 'Changes from version B to C: Updated the method used to read the Gill wind sonic.
Appendix D. Default Programs Public Encl_RH Public LiBattV 'Enclosure Humidity - % 'Lithium Battery Voltage - VDC 'Unit conversions. Public AirTempF Public WindSpd_mph Public TotalWSmph Public SlrRad_KW Public SlrRad_MJ Public Rain_inch Dim Scratch 'Air Temperature - Fahrenheit 'Wind Speed - miles/hour 'Totalized Wind Speed - miles/hour 'Solar radiation - Kilowatts/meter^2 'Solar radiation - Megajoules/meter^2 'Rain - inches 'Scratch pad variable for calculations.
Appendix D.
Appendix D. Default Programs 'Battery voltage Battery (BattVolt) 'Micrologger temperature PanelTemp (LgrTmpC,250) 'Save Site Values If SaveSite = 1 Then CallTable SiteVal SaveSite=0 EndIf 'Query Site Values from data table and use if needed. If Latitude = 0.00001 AND SiteVal.Latitude(1,1)<> NAN Then Latitude=SiteVal.Latitude(1,1) Longitude=SiteVal.Longitude(1,1) Altitude_m=SiteVal.Altitude_m(1,1) EndIf 'Enclosure humidity VoltSe(Encl_RH, 1, mV2500, 10, False, 0, _60Hz, 0.
Appendix D. Default Programs 'CONNECTOR TEMP/SONIC 'Get RS232 data from WindSonic connected to TEMP/SONIC (COM1). SerialInRecord (Com1,in_bytes_str,&h02,0,&h0D&h0A,nmbr_bytes_rtrnd,01) WindDir = Mid (in_bytes_str,3,3) WindSpd_ms = Mid (in_bytes_str,7,6) diag = Mid (in_bytes_str,16,2) checksum_flg = ( (HexToDec (Mid (in_bytes_str,20,2))) EQV (CheckSum (in_bytes_str,9,18)) ) disable_flag = (NOT (checksum_flg) OR (nmbr_bytes_rtrnd=0) OR (diag<>0)) WindSpd_mph = WindSpd_ms * 2.
Appendix D.
Campbell Scientific Companies Campbell Scientific, Inc. (CSI) 815 West 1800 North Logan, Utah 84321 UNITED STATES www.campbellsci.com • info@campbellsci.com Campbell Scientific Africa Pty. Ltd. (CSAf) PO Box 2450 Somerset West 7129 SOUTH AFRICA www.csafrica.co.za • cleroux@csafrica.co.za Campbell Scientific Australia Pty. Ltd. (CSA) PO Box 444 Thuringowa Central QLD 4812 AUSTRALIA www.campbellsci.com.au • info@campbellsci.com.au Campbell Scientific do Brazil Ltda.
