User manual
Table Of Contents
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to
help
you
select an
appropriate
shutter
speed when using a standard
50mm
lens. For
indoor
photography,
with
no
special illumi-
nation,
choose
1/30
of
a second' and
1/60
of
a second
in
a brightly lit room.
For
outdoor
photography,
select
1/125
second
when
cloudy
and
1/250
second
in
sunshine.
To
take
pictures
in
particularly
bright sunshine such
as
at
a beach
in
mid-
summer
or
in
snow-covered
mountains,
use
sh
utter
speeds
of
1/500
sec.
or
1/1000
sec.
The above
mentioned
shutter
speeds
apply when using a standard
50mm
lens,
but
it
is
necessary
to
choose faster
shutter
speeds
when
using lenses
of
longer focal lengths
because
they
are
more
difficult
to
hold
steady.
It
is
generally said
that
the
shutter
speed figure should be greater
than
1 divided
by
the
focal length
of
the
lens in
order
to
ob
-
tain sharp images.
For example, when using a
200mm
tele-
photo
lens,
shutter
speed should be faster
than
1/200
second. Thefefore,
the
shutter
speed
in
this particular case should be set
at
1/250
sec. Image blur can also arise if
the
camera
is
not
properly held. See page
37
.
28
Lens
Aperture
The
adjustment
of
the
aperture
is
used
with
the
shutter
speed
to
get
the
correct
ex-
posure. The
amount
of
light reaching
the
film
is
controlled
by
the
aperture's
size.
On
the
aperture
ring are a series of mark-
ings which indicate
the
proportion
of
the
light
allowed
to
pass
through
the
lens, which are
known
as
f/numbers. When
the
aperture ring
is
set
to
the
next
larger
f/number
on
the
scale
of
the
ring,
the
amount
of light passing
through
the
lens
is
decreased by 1/2. The
lens's brightness
is
based on the smallest
numerical
aperture
value for the lens.
With a
f/2
serving
as
the
standard,
the
com-
parative brightness
at
each
f/stop
will
be
as
indicated below.
Bri ghtn
ess
(f
/
st
op
)
R
atio
5.6
8
11
16
1/ 4 1/ 8 1 / 16 1/
22
1/
64
The
aperture
ring can be set
at
positions
between
the
settings on
the
scale.