fx-115WA fx-991WA User’s Guide E
Removing and Replacing the Calculator’s Cover • To Remove the cover Grasp the top of the cover, and slide the unit out from the bottom. • To Replace the cover Grasp the top of the cover, and slide the unit in from the bottom. Always slide the unit into the cover with the unit’s display end first. Never slide the keyboard end of the unit into the cover. CASIO ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. Unit 6, 1000 North Circular Road, London NW2 7JD, U.K.
Safety Precautions Be sure to read the following safety precautions before using this calculator. Keep this manual handy for later reference. Caution This symbol is used to indicate information that can result in personal injury or material damage if ignored. Batteries • After removing the batteries from the calculator, put them in a safe place where there is no danger of them getting into the hands of small children and accidently swallowed. • Keep batteries out of the reach of small children.
• The displays and illustrations (such as key markings) shown in this User’s Guide are for illustrative purposes only, and may differ somewhat from the actual items they represent. • The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice. • In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these materials. Moreover, CASIO Computer Co., Ltd.
• Avoid use and storage in areas subjected to large • • • • • amounts of humidity and dust. Take care never to leave the calculator where it might be splashed by water or exposed to large amounts of humidity or dust. Such elements can damage internal circuitry. Never drop the calculator or otherwise subject it to strong impact. Never twist or bend the calculator.
Contents Safety Precautions ........................................... 1 Handling Precautions ...................................... 2 Two-line Display ............................................... 5 Key Layout ........................................................ 6 Before Starting Calculations... ...................... 7 kModes .................................................................... kInput Capacity ........................................................
Statistical Calculations .................................. 18 kStandard Deviation (SD Mode) ............................ 18 kProbability Distribution Calculations ................... 19 kRegression Calculations (REG Mode) ................. 20 Complex Number Calculations (CMPLX Mode) ................................................ 22 kAbsolute Value/Argument Calculation ................. 23 Metric Conversions ( fx-991WA ) ................... 23 Scientific Constants ( fx-991WA ) ..................
Key Layout Layout Key < fx-991WA > Page Page Page Page 17 Rec( 25 11 17 14 28 15 14 27 DEC HEX 10 BIN 15 10 16 10 11 28 10 14 10 C B 10 19 28 23 DISTR 13 20 23 Re<->lm 10 20 16 M 20 16 arg e OCT 14 13 10 14 13 10 cos-1 E tan-1 F 13 23 10 13 19 10 10 10 Abs X M- Y 19 M DT CL 8 10 10 18 T INS McI ScI 20 16 20 16 8 18 18 m k nPr nCr 18 16 18 16 20 20 14 12 B G µ 18 16 r 14 14 27 sin-1 D 10 10 10 20 16 20 16 f Page 15 24 CONV y Page ON/CLEA
Before Starting Calculations...
• You cannot set the angle unit or the display mode while the calculator is in the BASE-N mode. • The COMP, CMPLX, SD, and REG modes can be used in combination with the angle unit modes. • Be sure to check the current calculation mode (SD, REG, COMP, CMPLX) and angle unit mode (DEG, RAD, GRA) before beginning a calculation. k Input Capacity • The memory area used for calculation input can hold 79 “steps.
k Error Locator • Pressing r or e after an error occurs displays the calculation with the cursor positioned at the location where the error occurred. k Exponential Display Formats This calculator can display up to 10 digits. Larger values are automatically displayed using exponential notation. In the case of decimal values, you can select between two formats that determine at what point exponential notation is used. Press F F F F 3 1 (or 2) to select NORM 1 or NORM 2.
Basic Calculations • Use the COMP mode for basic calculations. • Example 1 : 3 (5 10–9) 3-R 5eD 9T= 1.5-08 • Example 2 : 5 (9 7) 5-R 9+7 T= 80.00 • You can skip all T operations before =. Memory Calculations k Independent Memory • Values can be input directly into memory, added to memor y, or subtracted from memory. Independent memory is convenient for calculating cumulative totals. • Independent memory uses the same memory area as variable M. • To clear independent memory (M), input 0 j 3.
• Example: 193.2 23 8.4 193.2 28 6.9 193.2 j 1 \ 23 = 8.400 p 1 \ 28 = 6.900 Fraction Calculations k Fraction Calculations • Use the COMP mode for fraction calculations. • Values are automatically displayed in decimal format whenever the total number of digits of a fractional value (integer numerator denominator separator marks) exceeds 10. • Example 1 : 2 4 1 3 5 2C3 +1C 4C 5= 2 7 15.00 1 1.6 2 1 C 2 + 1.6 = 2.
C 0.500 C 1 2. 00 Percentage Calculations • Use the COMP mode for percentage calculations. • Example 1 : To calculate 12% of 1500 1500 - 12 A v 180.00 • Example 2 : To calculate what percentage of 880 is 660 660 \ 880 A v 75.00 • Example 3 : To add 15% onto 2500 2500 - 15 A v + 2875.00 • Example 4 : To discount 3500 by 25% 3500 - 25 A v , 2625.
Scientific Function Calculations • Use the COMP mode for scientific function calculations. • = 3.14159265359 k Trigonometric/Inverse Trigonometric Functions • Example 1 : sin63°52 41 q q q 1 →“ R ” 00 S 63 I 52 I 41 I = 0.897859012 R π rad 3 q q q 2 →“ T ” • Example 2 : cos ( ) 0.500 WRAx\3T= T 2 π rad 2 4 q q q 2 →“ T ” • Example 3 : cos 1 WA V RL2\2T= 0.78539816300 g\Ax= 0.2500 T • Example 4 : tan 1 0.741 q q q 1 →“ R ” A g 0.741 = 36.
k Angle Unit Conversion • Press A v to display the following menu. R G 1 2 D 3 • Pressing 1 , 2, or 3 converts the displayed value to the corresponding angle unit. • Example : To convert 4.25 radians to degrees FFF1 →“ R ” 4 . 25 r 4.25 A v 2 (R) = 243.5070629 k Common and Natural Logarithms/ Antilogarithms • Example 1 : log 1.23 R 1.23 = 0.08990511100 • Example 2 : In 90 ( loge 90) T 90 = 4.4998096700 • Example 3 : e10 A U 10 = 22026.4657900 • Example 4 : 101.5 A Q 1.5 = 31.
1 • Example 3: 7 123 ( = 123 7 ) 7 A H 123 = 1.98864779500 • Example 4: 123 30 2 123 + 30 K = 1023.00 12 N = 1728.00 R 3a, 4aT a= 12.00 8Af= 40320.00 • Example 5: 12 3 • Example 6: 1 1 1 3 4 • Example 7: 8! • Example 8: To generate a random number between 0.000 and 0.999 AM= 0.66400 Example (results differ each time) 3Ax= • Example 9: 3π 9.42477796100 k FIX, SCI, RND • Example 1: 200 7 14 400 (Specifies three decimal places.) 200 \ 7 - 14 = 400.00 FFFF13 400.
- 14 = 399.99400 • Press F F F F 3 1 to clear FIX specification. • Example 2: 1 3, displaying result with two significant digits (SCI 2) FFFF2 21 \3 = 3.3–01 Sci • Press F F F F 3 1 to clear SCI specification. k ENG Calculations • Example 1: To convert 56,088 meters to kilometers 56088 = J 56.088003 • Example 2: To convert 0.08125 grams to milligrams 0.08125 = J 81.25–03 k Inputting ENG Calculation Symbols • F F F F F 1 enters the ENG mode in which ENG symbols can be used in calculations.
* For displayed values, the calculator selects the ENG symbol that makes the numeric part of the value fall within the range of 1 to 1000. * ENG symbols cannot be used when inputting fractions. * The ENG mode cannot be used in combination with the CMPLX, or BASE-N modes. • Performing any of the key operations in the above table while you are not in the ENG mode inputs the exponential value in the “Unit” column (without inputting the ENG symbol). • Example: 9 10 = 0.9 m (milli) 0.
0 o 1.04719755100 θ • 0 n, 0 o swaps displayed value with value in memory. k Permutation • Example: To determine how many different 4-digit values can be produced using the numbers 1 through 7 • Numbers cannot be duplicated within the same 4-digit value (1234 is allowed, but 1123 is not). 7Am4= 840. k Combination • Example: To determine how many different 4-member groups can be organized in a group of 10 individuals fx-115WA ................ 10 n 4 = 210. fx-991WA ..........
• Example: To calculate σn 1, σn, o, n, Σx, and Σx 2 for the following data : 55, 54, 51, 55, 53, 53, 54, 52 Enter SD Mode F F 1 A m = (Memory Clear) 55 S 54 S 51 S 55 S 53 S S 54 S 52 S SD 52.00 (Sample Standard Deviation σ n 1 ) A N = 1.40788595300 (Population Standard Deviation σn) A A = 1.31695671900 (Arithmetic Mean o) AM = 53.37500 (Number of Data n) 0k 8.00 Σx) 0H 427.00 0G 22805.
• Example : Using the x-data values input in the example on page 20, determine the normalized variate (→ t) for x = 53 and normal probability distribution P(t). 53 A D 4 (→t ) = -0.284747398 A D 1 ( P ( ) -0.28 F = 0.38974 k Regression Calculations (REG Mode) • Press F F 2 to enter the REG mode and then select one of the following regression types.
• Example: Atmospheric Pressure vs. Temperature Temperature Atmospheric Pressure 10°C 15°C 20°C 25°C 30°C 1003 hPa 1005 hPa 1010 hPa 1011 hPa 1014 hPa Perform linear regression to determine the regression formula terms and correlation coefficient for the data nearby. Next, use the regression formula to estimate atmospheric pressure at 18°C and temperature at 1000 hPa. Enter REG Mode (Linear Regression) qq21 A m = (Memory Clear) 10 P 1003 S 15 P 1005 S 20 P 1010 S 25 P 1011 S 30 P 1014 S 30.
Enter REG mode (Quadratic regression) FF2r3 A m= 29 P 1.6 S 50 P 23.5 S 74 P 38.0 S103 P 46.4 S 118 P 48.0 S 118. REG (Regression Coefficient A) A q = -35.59856934 (Regression Coefficient B) Aw= (Regression Coefficient C) A e = -6.71629667-03 1.495939413 (ŷ when x i = 16) 16 A b -13.38291067 (x̂ 1 when yi = 20) 20 A O 47.14556728 (x̂ 2 when yi = 20) AO 175.5872105 Data Input Precautions • S S inputs the same data twice. • You can also input multiple entries of the same data using A G.
• Example: (2 + 3i) + (4 + 5i ) Enter CMPLX Mode F 2 R2+3iT+ R 4+5iT= 6. Real number part Ar 8. i Imaginary number part k Absolute Value/Argument Calculation • The procedure described below can be used to determine the absolute value (Abs) and argument (arg) for a complex number of the format Z = a + bi , which is presumed to exist as coordinates on a Gaussian plane.
• See the Conversion Pair Table shown below for a complete list of available conversion pairs. • Example: To convert 31 inches to centimeters 31 A c 01 CONV CONV 1 01 is the inches-to-centimeters conversion pair number. 31 i n cm 0. = 31 i n cm 78.74 • Conversion Pair Table Based on ISO Standard (1992) data and CODATA Bulletin 63 (1986) data.
Scientific Constants (fx-991WA) • A total of 40 commonly-used scientific constants, such as the speed of light in a vacuum and Planck's constant are built-in for quick and easy lookup whenever you need them. • Simply input the number that corresponds to the scientific constant you want to look up and it appears instantly on the display. • See the Scientific Constant Table shown below for a complete list of available constants.
Number 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Constant Name fine-structure constant classical electron radius electron Compton wavelength proton gyromagnetic ratio proton Compton wavelength neutron Compton wavelength Rydberg constant atomic mass unit proton magnetic moment electron magnetic moment neutron magnetic moment muon magnetic moment Faraday constant elementary charge Avogadro constant Boltzmann constant molar volume of ideal gas molar gas const
• You cannot use scientific functions in binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal calculations. You cannot input values that include decimal part and an exponent. • If you input a value that includes a decimal part, the unit automatically cuts off the decimal part. • Negative binary, octal, and hexadecimal values are produced by taking the two's complement.
• Example 3: To perform the following calculation and produce a hexadecimal result: 120 16 or 11012 Hexadecimal mode F F 3 h 0. 12016 l 2 (or) l l l 3 (b)11012 0. H 12d. H = H Degrees, Minutes, Seconds Calculations • You can perform sexagesimal calculations using degrees (hours), minutes, and seconds, and convert between sexagesimal and decimal values. • Example 1: To convert the decimal value 2.258 to a sexagesimal value 2.258 = 2.258 AO 2°15°28.
5. Enter the correct modes to perform the calculation and try again. If the above steps do not correct the problem, press the key. The calculator performs a self-check operation and deletes all data stored in memory if any abnormality is detected. Make sure you always keep written copies of all important data. k Error Messages The calculator is locked up while an error message is on the display. Press t to clear the error, or press e or r to display the calculation and correct the problem.
• Action • Press e or r to display the calculation with the cursor located at the location of the error. Make necessary corrections. Arg ERROR • Cause • Improper use of argument • Action • Press e or r to display the location of the cause of the error and make required corrections. k Order of Operations Calculations are performed in the following order of precedence.
k Stacks This calculator uses memory areas, called “stacks,” to temporarily store values (numeric stack) and commands (command stack) according to their precedence during calculations. The numeric stack has 10 levels and the command stack has 24 levels. A stack error (Stk ERROR) occurs whenever you try to perform a calculation that is so complex that the capacity of a stack is exceeded.
5 Press step. to turn power on. Be sure not to skip this • Auto Power Off Calculator power automatically turns off if you do not perform any operation for about six minutes. When this hapto turn power back on.
k Input Ranges Internal digits: 12 Accuracy: As a rule, accuracy is ±1 at the 10th digit. Functions sinx Input Range DEG 0 x 4.499999999 1010 RAD 0 x 785398163.3 GRA 0 x 4.499999999 1010 cosx DEG 0 x 4.500000008 1010 RAD 0 x 785398164.9 GRA 0 x 5.000000009 1010 tan x DEG Same as sinx, except when x = (2n-1) 90. RAD Same as sinx, except when x = (2n-1) π/2. GRA Same as sinx, except when x = (2n-1) 100. sin–1x cos–1x 0 x 1 tan–1x 0 x 9.
Functions Input Range nP r 0 n 99, r n (n, r is an integer)99 1 {n!/( n–r)!} 9.999999999 10 nCr 0 n 99, r n (n, r is an integer) 49 Pol(x, y) x , y 9.999999999 10 (x2 +y2 ) 9.999999999 10 99 99 Rec(r, ) 0 r 9.
Specifications Power Supply: Solar cell and a single G13 Type button battery (LR44) Battery Life: Approximately 3 years (1 hour use per day). Dimensions: 10(H) 76(W) 150(D) mm 3 /8⬙(H) 3⬙(W) 57/8 ⬙(D) Weight: 85 g (3 oz) including battery Power Consumption: 0.
CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD. 6-2, Hon-machi 1-chome Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8543, Japan U.S. Pat.
