Chapter Basic Calculations In the RUN Mode you can perform arithmetic calculations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) as well as calculations involving scientific functions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 1. Addition and Subtraction Example 6.72 + 9.08 g.hc+j.aiw You can input the operation just as it is written. This capability is called “true algebraic logic.” Be sure to press A to clear the display before starting a new calculation. 2. Multiplication Example 3.71 × 4.27 Ad.hb* e.chw • The range of this calculator is –9.99999999 × 1099 to +9.99999999 × 10 99. 3. Division Example 64 ÷ 4 Age/ew P.17 Parentheses also come in handy when performing division.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 u To use parentheses in a calculation Example 1 2 ×3+4 ––––––– 5 You should input this calculation as: (2 × 3 + 4) ÷ 5 A(c*d+e)/fw Example 2 6 ––––– 4×5 You can input this calculation as: 6 ÷ (4 × 5) or 6 ÷ 4 ÷ 5. Ag/(e*f)w Ag/e/fw 4. Quotient and Remainder Division This calculator can produce either the quotient or the quotient and remainder of division operations involving two integers.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 2(Int÷)hw 1 2 3 4 • Remember that you can use only integers in quotient division operations. You cannot use expressions such as 2 or sin60 because their results have a decimal part. u To perform remainder division Example To display the remainder produced by 857 ÷ 48 ifh3(Rmdr)eiw 1 2 3 4 Press Q to clear the Option Menu after you finish your remainder and quotient calculations. • Remember that you can use only integers in remainder division operations.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 (2) Parentheses Calculation Priority Sequence Expressions enclosed inside parentheses are always given priority in a calculation. Example 1 100 – (2 + 3) × 4 Abaa-(c+d) *ew Example 2 (7 – 2) × (8 + 5) • A multiplication sign immediately in front of an open parenthesis can be omitted. A(h-c)(i+f) w • Any closing parentheses at the end of a calculation can be omitted, no matter how many there are.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 (5) Rounding Example 74 ÷ 3 Ahe/dw The actual result of the above calculation is 24.66666666… (and so on to infinity), which the calculator rounds off. The calculator’s internal capacity is 15 digits for the values it uses for calculations, which avoids accuracy problems with consecutive operations that use the result of the previous operation. 6.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 (3) Replay While the result of a calculation is on the display, you can use d and e to move the cursor to any position within the expression used to produce the result. This means you can back up and correct mistakes without having to input the entire calculation. You can also recall past calculations you have already cleared by pressing A. Operation The first press of e displays the cursor at the beginning of the expression, while d displays the cursor at the end.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 d(You could also press e.) ![d (See below for details on making corrections.) w (5) Making Corrections Use the d and e keys to move the cursor to the position you want to change, and then perform one of the operations described below. After you edit the calculation, you can execute it by pressing w, or use e to move to the end of the calculation and input more.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 ddddd ![ s • When you press ![a space is indicated by the symbol ‘‘t’’. The next function or value you input is inserted at the location of ‘‘t’’. To abort the insert operation without inputting anything, move the cursor, press ![again, or press d, e or w. 7. Using Variables A total of 26 variables, named A through Z, are available for assignment of numeric values. Variable contents are retained even when you turn the calculator off.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 u To assign the same value to more than one variable Operation aaa3(~)aw Example To assign the result of 2 to variables A, B, C, D, and E A!9caaAa3(~) aEw u To clear the contents of all variables In the Main Menu, select the MEM icon and press w. Select Memory Usage. w Press c to scroll the display until “Alpha” is highlighted.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 8. Fraction Calculations (1) Fraction Display and Input Example 1 3 Display of –– 4 Example 2 1 Display of 3 –– 4 Mixed fractions (such as 3 1/4) are input and displayed as: integer{numerator{denominator. Improper fractions (15/7) and proper fractions (such as 1/4) are input and displayed as: numerator{denominator. Use the $ key to input each part of a fraction.
Basic Calculations Example Chapter 2 To convert the result of the previous example to a decimal and then back to a fraction M M u To convert between proper and improper fractions Operation Mixed Fraction to Improper Fraction Conversion: !/ Improper Fraction to Mixed Fraction Conversion: !/ Example To convert the result of the previous example to an improper fraction and then back to a proper fraction !/ !/ • The calculator automatically reduces the results of fraction calculations.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 (3) Changing the Fraction Simplification Mode The initial default of the calculator is automatic simplification of fractions produced by fraction calculations. You can use the following operation to change the fraction simplification mode to manual. u To change the fraction simplification mode Example To change the fraction simplification mode to manual !Z (Displays the Set Up Screen.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 K2(CALC)1(Simp)w 1 2 3 4 • F = 3 indicates that 3 is the divisor. • The calculator automatically selects the smallest possible divisor for simplification. Repeat the above operation to simplify again. 1(Simp)w 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Try once again. 1(Simp)w This display indicates that further simplification is impossible.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 9. Selecting Value Display Modes You can make specifications for three value display modes. Fix Mode This mode lets you specify the number of decimal places to be displayed. Sci Mode This mode lets you specify the number of significant digits to be displayed. Norm 1/Norm 2 Mode This mode determines at what point the display changes over to exponential display format. Display the Set Up Screen and use the f and c keys to highlight “Display”.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 u To specify the number of significant digits (Sci) 1. While the set-up screen is on the display, press 2 (Sci). 2. Press the function key that corresponds to the number of significant digits you want to set (0 to 9). • Press [ to display the next menu of numbers. Example To specify three significant digits 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 2 (Sci) 4 (3) Press the function key that corresponds to the number of significant digits you want to specify.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 u To set the default angle unit Example To change the angle unit from radians to degrees !Z cc1(Deg) 1 2 3 4 Q • Once you change the angle unit setting, it remains in effect until you change it again using the set up screen. You also should check the set up screen to find out what the current angle unit setting is. k Converting Between Angle Units You can use the following procedure to input a value using an angle unit that is not the current default angle unit.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 2(ANGL)2(r)w 1 2 3 4 k Trigonometric Function Calculations P.29 Always make sure that the default angle unit is set to the required default before performing trigonometric function calculations. u To perform trigonometric function calculations Example 1 sin (63° 52' 41") Default angle unit: Degrees !Zcc1(Deg)Q sgdK[2(ANGL)[1(° ' ")fc1(° ' ")eb1(° ' ")w Result: 0.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 u To perform logarithmic/exponential function calculations Example 1 log1.23 lb.cdw Result: 0.0899051114 Example 2 ln90 Ijaw Result: 4.49980967 Example 3 To calculate the anti-logarithm of common logarithm 1.23 (10 1.23 ) !0b.cdw Result: 16.98243652 Example 4 To calculate the anti-logarithm of natural logarithm 4.5 (e4.5) !ee.fw Result: 90.0171313 Example 5 (–3)4 = (–3) × (–3) × (–3) × (–3) (-d)Mew Result: 81 Example 6 7 123 h!qbcdw Result: 1.
Basic Calculations Example Chapter 2 Operation Display What is the absolute value of 3 the common logarithm of ? 4 3 K[1(NUM) | log 4 | = 0.1249387366 1(Abs)l(3/4)w 0.1249387366 What is the integer part of 7800 ? ––––– 96 K[1(NUM) 2(Int)(7800/96)w 81 What is the decimal part of 7800 ? ––––– 96 K[1(NUM) 3(Frac)(7800/96)w 0.25 200 ÷ 6 = ×3= Round the value used for internal calculations to 11 digits* 200/6w *3w 200/6w K[1(NUM)4(Rnd)w *3w 33.33333333 100 33.33333333 33.33333333 99.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 To calculate x and y when r = 25 and θ = 56° Example Operation Display !Zcc1(Deg)Q K[2(ANGL)[[ 2(Rec()25,56)w Ans 1 – 13.979 – → 13.97982259 (x) 2 – 20.725 – → 20.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 k Calculation Priority Sequence The calculation priority sequence is the order that the calculator performs operations. Note the following rules about calculation priority sequence. • Expressions contained in parentheses are performed first. • When two or more expressions have the same priority, they are executed from right to left. Example 2 + 3 × (log sin2π 2 + 6.8) = 22.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 ^) • Display Result Command (^ When execution reaches the end of a statement followed by a display result command, execution stops and the result up to that point appears on the display. You can resume execution by pressing the w key. uTo use multistatements Example 6.9 × 123 = 848.7 123 ÷ 3.2 = 38.4375 AbcdaaA !W[[2(:) g.j*aA!W[2(^) aA/d.cw Intermediate result at point where “^” is used.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 k Errors An error message appears on the display and calculation stops whenever the calculator detects some problem. Press A to clear the error message. The following is a list of all the error messages and what they mean. Ma ERROR - (Mathematical Error) • A value outside the range of ±9.99999999 × 1099 was generated during a calculation, or an attempt was made to store such a value in memory.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 k Memory Status (MEM) You can check how much memory is used for storage for each type of data. You can also see how many bytes of memory are still available for storage. uTo check the memory status 1. In the Main Menu, select the MEM icon and press w. 2. Press w again to display the memory status screen. Number of bytes still free 3. Use f and c to move the highlighting and view the amount of memory (in bytes) used for storage of each type of data.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 2. Press 1 (DEL). 1(DEL) 1 2 3 4 3. Press 1 (YES) to clear the data or 4 (NO) to abort the operation without clearing anything. k Variable Data (VARS) Menu You can use the variable data menu to recall the data listed below. • View Window values • Enlargement/reduction factor • Single-variable/paired-variable statistical data • Graph functions • Table & Graph table range and table contents To recall variable data, press J to display the variable data menu.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 1 (Xmin) ...... x-axis minimum 2 (Xmax) ..... x-axis maximum 3 (Xscl) ........ x-axis scale [ 1 2 3 4 [ 1 2 3 4 [ 1 (Ymin) ...... y-axis minimum 2 (Ymax) ..... y-axis maximum 3 (Yscl) ........ y-axis scale [ 1 (Tmin) ...... Minimum of T 2 (Tmax) ..... Maximum of T 3 (Tpth) ....... Pitch of T Press [ to return to the previous menu.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 The following menu appears whenever you press 1 (X), while the statistical data menu is on the display. 1 (X) 1 (n) ............ Number of data 2 (o) ............. Mean of x data 1 2 3 4 [ 1 2 3 4 [ 3 (Σx) .......... Sum of x data 4 (Σx2) ......... x data sum of squares [ 1 (xσn) ......... x data population standard deviation 2 (xσn-1 ) ....... x data sample standard deviation 3 (minX) ...... x data minimum value 4 (maxX) .....
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 The following menu appears whenever you press 3 (GRPH) while the statistical data menu is on the display. 3 (GRPH) 1 2 3 4 [ 1(a)-3( c) .. Statistical graph regression coefficient and multinomial coefficients 4 (r) ............. Statistical graph correlation coefficient [ 1 2 3 4 [ 1 (Q1) .......... First quartile 2 (Med) ....... Median of input data 3 (Q3) .......... Third quartile 4 (Mod) ....... Mode of input data Press [ to return to the previous menu.
Basic Calculations Chapter 2 Input a storage area number and then press one of the following function keys to recall the corresponding graph function stored in that storage area. 1 (Y) ............ Rectangular coordinate or inequality function 2 (Xt) ........... Parametric graph function Xt 3 (Yt) ...........