("CASIO s 77006 encroachment Trace Zoom Plot (SHIFT) (iP0) (PRE) fog] @ Giddy MATH r PRIM 4 -EMINENCE REGICIDE DS U ISP V OR W Coif X Re cl Y 1) EMMA Os tin [ 7 1 seacoast L 0] [ExP) [ans) [EXE r Cornell to the world of Graphing Calculators and the Casio x-7700G. Quick-Start is not a complete tutorial, but it will take you through many of the most common functions, from turning the power on through graphing complex equations.
MODES The f-7700G features a variety of modes that enable you to perform specific functions. To begin this Quick-Start guide, you wil need to set the correct system mode and calculation mode. Setting the system mode 1. After turning the f-7700G on, press The following screen @ = will appear: gz dose Lal hoed PP FONT s COME FLT $BASE-H S:PCL 0 REG model | METRIC é IE%E Contrast e 1L IT 72 PR 33 DIRK 2.
Grouping within an equation You can also group certain operations within your equation using the parentheses keys. @ EXAMPLE: 15x(3 + 61} 1. Press The following screen will appear: 1523+61 Note that your previous 1835 02+ calculation remains on the screen. The new calculation is displayed beneath it for easy comparison. Now let’s try a variation on that probable by positioning the parentheses differently.
FRACTIONS The f-7700CG makes it easy to work with fractions with its fraction Key, On'screen, the + symbol is entered between each value of the fraction. For example, 1'%s would appear as 1,15 .18 EXAMPLE: 1'%/ + %% 1. Press peeress () (e The answer will appear ‘. on the screen as follows: 144, Converting the answer to a decimal equivalent With the answer still on your screen, 1. Press and the decimal equivalent of your answer (5. ) will appear on the screen.
GRAPHING The f-7700G has the ability to present graphic solutions to a variety of complex equations. But before you can begin you must make sure you are in the correct GRAPH MODE: Setting the graph mode 1. Press and the second mode screen will appear: 2. Press [l which corresponds 10 FEC in the 3 box labeled Gr seh Tues, to Dray Overdraw set the graph mode to 3 CONNECT rectangular coordinate graph. B PLOT 3. Press to set the COM (computation) mode.
Scrolling in four directions @ 1. Pressing any arrow key lets you eBay scroll to see different sections @ ® of your graph. & Returning to your original graph After scrolling, you needn’t retrace your steps to get back to your original graph. You can do it quickly and easily using the function keys (F keys) to enter a selection from one of the many FUNCTION MENUS the f-7700G employs. A function menu is a group functions that are displayed across the bottom of the screen.
Using the Box function fo zoom This function lets you define any portion of the screen and magnify it for further analysis. 1.Press (F2) to display the zoom function menu. 2. Press which corresponds to B0 on the screen. The following screen will appear: Notice that the blinking cursor is at the origin. A= E-11 3.
Creating the graph An integration graph is just one of many types of graphs the fx7700G can generate in just a few keystrokes. EXAMPLE: Jinx-5 dx 10. Press 11.Press Press and your graph will appear on screen as follows: {Shading is automatic) POLAR GRAPH Setting the mode (In Rad mode) 1. Press to set the graph mode to polar. Setting the range 2. Press AW 3. Set the range parameters to [ match the following screen.
e’ i Creating the graph POWER GRAPHIC | '5 Basmmmnafuns following screen will appear: Press which 0 § corresponds to the box e foreseen o R Press =5 =B80) The following screen will appear: 8. Press o enter the next inequality. 7. Press which corresponds to the v< box on the scream. o press () (D (2 The following screen will appear; If you've completed this Quick-Start section, you are well on your way to becoming an expert user of the Casio f-7700G Power Graphic Calculator.
Contents Handling About This Manual Chapter T Getting Acquainted 1-1 Keys and Their Functions. The Keyboard .. Key Operations 1-2 Modes.. Using the Mode Menus to Change Modes 13 Basic Set To specify the Unit of Angular Measurement. To specify the Display Format .
Contents Contents Chapter 4 Statistical 4-1 Single-Variable Statistical Calculations To enter the Standard Deviation Mode without data storage To enter the Standard Deviation Mode with data storage G 5.7 Probability Distribution Graphs Single-Variable Statistical Graphs 0 2 5-8 Paired-Variable Statistical Graphs. 5-10 Q Other Graph Functions Chapter 5 541 52 Rectangular Coordinate Graphs To check how much memory is used by a program Graphing Built-in Scientific Functions To input a program .
Contents Appendix Appendix & Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Index Key Index Using Jump Commands About Unconditional Jumps . About Conditional Jumps About Count Jumps . Using Subroutines save memory Using Array Memory Array Memories Simplify Programming Cautions When Using Array Memories. Sample Programs that Use Array Memory Displaying Text Using the Graph Function in Programs 194 Power Supply... When to Replace Batteries Replacing Batteries..
[About This ] This manual is divided into chapters 1o help you find the operation you want quickly and easily. Chapter 1 Getting Acquainted This chapter gives you a general introduction 1o the various capabilities of the unit. it contain important information about the unit, $o you should be sure to read it before starting operation. Chapter 2 Manual Calculations Manual calculations are those that you input manually, as on the simplest of calculators.
] |Chapter u]" Getting Acquainted This chapter gives you a general introduction 16 the various capabilities of the unit. i contains important information about the unit, s0 you should be sure o read it before starting operation. 1.1 Keys and Their Functions CASIO /77000 POWER GRAPH Trace Zoom Pou bne Ghee e ey --@E ORG U DIPS Zealot WM Dot { g} Li See The Keyboard Many of the unit’s keys are used to perform more than one function.
i @ Cursor/Replay Keys ® s Use these keys to move the cursor on the display. setter you press the B key following input of a calculation or value, press @ to display the calculation from the end, or ® fo display it trim the beginning. You can then execute the calculation again, or edit the calculation and then execute it. See page 31 for details on the Replay Function. Mode Key sprogs this key to display the Mode Menu. S Graph-Text Key «Cross this key to switch between the graph and text screens.
r@" Power/Root Key «Enter value for x, press this key, and then enter value for y to calculate x to the power of y. «Enter a value for x, press B, and then enter a value 101 » 1o calculate the enthrone y. #Press this key following 7 to enter the lefter L. Mew (23 Numeric Keys and Decimal Key a Use the numeric keys 1o enter a value. Enter decimals using the decimal key. «Following operation of the @88 key, each of the numeric keys senders the hollowing letters, enters M. @HE enters N. (A enters O.
12345668 15t operation of 2nd operation of Brd operation of FIFES 4th operation of R — Engineering Left 12,3456 12345608.c -85 No sangs) Each time you perform this operation, the decimal of the displayed value shifts three decimal places 1o the left. This resells in conversion of the displayed value from one International System unit to another, as shown in the table above. [Example] 12.3456E 15t operation of FREE 2nd operation of BRIES) 3rd operation of GEEING 4th aeration of i Exponent/Pi Key 12.
REG model 4: LIN Use this mode for linear regression. 5: LOG Use this mode for logarithmic regression. 6: EXP Use this mode tor exponential regression. 7: PWR Use this mode for power regression Cal mode +: COMP Use this mode for arithmetic calculations and function calculations. Programs can be executed in this mode, ~1 BASE-N Use this mode for binary, octal, and hexadecimal calculations and conversions. =: S0 Use this mode for standard deviation calculations. EG Use this mode for regression calculations.
1-3 Basic Set Up B To specify the Unit of Angular Measurement Example To set the unit of angular measurement as degrees FEYDegiED [Deg o I The following are the units of angular measurement that are available with the unit. DEG {degrees) 380° 90° RAD (radians} 2 2 GRA (grads) 400 100 W To specify the Display Format A BSE] 3 Nam_ &8 Norm Q. Each time you press the display format changes between Norm 1 and Norm 2. See page 64 for full details on Norm 1 and Norm 2.
WTo specify the Number of Decimal Places [Example | To set the number of decimal places to 2 EED ® (Fix)@ Fix 2. & Fix & & 2.0 Now afl displayed values will be rounded off to the nearest integer at the second decimal place. ‘The above specification is applied 1o the displayed value only. The calculator still stores the entire 13-digit mantissa and 2-digit exponent of the result in memory.
1-4 Basic Operation The operations described here are fundamental calculations that you need 1o get started with the unit. Graphing, programming, and statistical calculations are covered in their own separate sections. M Using the Clear Menu The Clear Menu lets you clear either the entire memory of the unit or specific parts of the memory.
The unit uses two types of functions: Type A functions and Type B functions. With Type A functions, you press the function key after you enter a value. With Type B functions, you press the function key first and than enter a value.
# Ta make corrections in the original calculation impel | 14+ 0x2.3 entered by mistake for 14+ 10x2.3 E3 3 DARKENER TR Step 4 Press 3 Bursar is positioned automatically &t he location of the causal of the arras 14+19xe. 3 Execute it again. 14+1exz. 3 &8 Make necessary changes. @ED WET 8.22 M Answer Function The unit's Answer Function automatically stores the fast result you calculated by pressing B (unless the BB key operation results in an error}. The result is stored in the answer memory.
W Multiplication Operations without a Multiplication Sign You can omit the multiplication sign {x} in any of the following operations. +Before the type 8 functions (page 61) and coordinate transformation functions: 2sin30, 10l0g1.2, 2v3, 2pol(5, 12), etc. +Before constants, variable names, value memory names Example| 2=, 2AB, 8 Ans, efc. =Before an open parenthesis etc. B Performing Continuous Calculations The unit lets you use the result of one calculation as one of the arguments in the next calculation.
ample | 128%456 56088, 123%458.. *The contents of the replay memory are cleared whenever you change from one menu fo another M Engineering Symbols You can talc up this menu to select engineering symbols for use in calculations. *To use engineering symbols in calculations 1000 mx5 k [DRIBBLER (m)ES 1002Mx5K BEIEO)FEER eve. The following is a tits of available engineering symbols and their meanings.
®To use the Numeric Function Menu [STERNUM) |Erc]Fnd] Press the function key below the numeric function you want 10 input, FATHEADS) absolute value E(int) . integer extraction Freebie) fraction extraction Fernando) rounding Press [ 10 backtrack to the Scientific Function Menu. * To use the Vigesimal Function Menu GREER o] ENDMOST) Press the function key below the vigesimal function you want to input. Filo ) .. For input of hours, minutes and seconds, or degrees, minutes and seconds as vigesimal values ..
#To display the contents of a value memory [Example | To display the contents of value memory A Airfare A 123. *To clear a value memory {Example | To clear value memory A CHEERER #*To clear all value memory contents BRI Increasing the Number of Value Memories Though 28 value memories are provided as standard, you can configure the memory of the unit 1o increase the number of value memories and decrease the amount of program memory.
1-5 Using the BASE-N Mode You can gse the BASE-N Made io perform calculations with binary, octal, decimal ang hexadecimal values, You should also use this mods 1o convert between number systems and for logical reparations. +You cannot use scientific functions in the BASE-N Mode.
* To input values of mixed number systems T Example | To input 1,038p + 25Ck + 110115 + 230, when the default number system is decimate FDec)E [Dec ) V“B 90 || grossness CREOSOTED nagging Escritoire EIF 06D 1888 EARN NN The following are the types of values that can be specified in the above mere. i) . decimal value @ih . hexadecimal value it binary value [0} e Octal value Press B to backtrack 1o the main BASE-N Mode screen. * To input logical operations [Example] To input and execute “120,; and AD.
® To clear matrix memory FREEWARE) ERASE ARRAY 8 Crass [FINESSES) to clear matrix memory or FE{NO) (or $8) to abort the operation without clearing anything. You should clear matrix memory if you want ta perform any non-matrix calculations that use memories. Note that the above operation is not required If you have specified a new matrix size. because the size specification automatically clears matrix ornery.
W Performing Matrix Arithmetic Operations You can use matrix A and matrix B contents in addition, subtraction and multiplication operations. The examples of these operations presented here are based on the following 2 matrices. Matrix & Matrix 8 (z3 G Create these matrices in memory using the following procedure.
* To multiply matrix A by matrix B @ Sanders | EEe) calculi-BlERS] O B ® «Matrix C appears, sawing the product of the values in the cells of matrix A and matrix & ~The fallowing are the operations that are available from the function display at the bot. torn of the screen. Press the function key below the operation you want o perform, [ENUNCIATE} . Transfers matrix C contents to matrix A (defeating matrix A contents) Transfers matrix G contents to matrix B (deleting matrix & contents) FISHERS) ..
* To delete a matrix [Example] To delete matrix A EDA) BN [FUSILIERS) Press [FINESSES) to delete the matrix or BE(NO} {or ) to ing anything. When the matrix is deleted, the following the matrix no longer exists. «At this point, both the row and column dimensions for the matrix become zero.
ED(NS) (ROW» The row is inserted above the selected row. ®To add a row to a matrix Example | Ta add a row following row 4 of matrix A EA EBRO) ROW) PEO@® (ROW) ® FREEHAND) A __1 {ROW) The row is added after the selected row. delete a column from a matrix To delete column 2 from matrix A ) EB() Ecol) ® FR(DEL) The selected column is deleted. #To insert a column in a matrix L {COLUMN PIES 2.
r FANG) J The column is inserted 1o the left of the selected column. # To add a column to a matrix [Example] To add 2 column between columns 1 and 2 of matrix A [Flit) [Felt) Fe Col) (COLUMN ADD) BEARER (COLONY The column is added to the right of the selected column, 5 « To calculate the scalar product ] To calculate a scalar product by multiplying the following tads in Matrix Example [Example ] oy 4 Matrix A f1 27} i34 EBA) #The entered value must be a real number. results are stored in matrix C.
EBay *This aeration transposes matrix A {changing the columns to rows and rows to column) and stores the results in matrix C. ® 7o calculate the determinant To calculate the determinant of the following data Matrix EAy [WHEY] d Eta = a «This operation calculates the determinant of square matrix A or B. *Note that the determinant can be calculated for square matrices (same number of rows and columns) only. A “Dim ERROR" occurs when this operation is patterned with a matrix that is not a square matrix.
r 17 Using the Function Memory «To exchange matrix A and matrix B contents Example | To exchange the contents of matrix A and matrix B when they originally contain the following data You can Store up 10 six functions in memory for instant recall when you need them. Function Matrix A Matrix B memory can be used in any made except the! BASE-N Mode.
v ® To recall a function o To delete a function Example To recall function memory number 3 if mole | Ta delete function memory number 3 FROLIC) [KEYSTONE) STO e NN 0 o FUNCTION MEMORY @ (A+BY | e »The recalled function appears at the current location of the cursor on the display.
Y 1-8 Graphic and Text Displays The unit uses both a graphic display and a text display. The The graphic display is use graphics, while leper text display is used for calculations and instructions. The of sate type of display are stored in independent memory areas. s [:To switch between the graphic display and text display reds the B key. You should also note that the key operations used to ¢l of display are different.
*Anything contained within parentheses receives highest priority. {Example | 243 x (log sin? +6.8) = 22.07101691 {in the mode) M Stacks The unit employs memory blocks, called stacks, for storage of low priority values and commands. There is a 10-elev numeric value stack, a 26-level command stack, and a 10-level program subroutine stack. If you execute a formula that is so complex it exceeds the amount of stack space available, a stack error (Stk ERROR) message appears on the display.
W Overflow and Errors Exceeding a specified input or calculation range, or attempting an illegal input cause an error message o appear on the display. Further operation of the calculator is impossible. bie while an error message is displayed. The following events cause an error message to appear on the display.
Manual Calculations 210 2-11 2-12 213 Arithmetic Calculations Units of Angular Measurement Trigonometric and Inverse Trigonometric Functions Logarithmic and Exponential Functions Hyperbolic and Inverse Hyperbolic Functions Other Functions Coordinate Conversion Permutation and Combination Fractions Engineering Symbol Calculations Number of Decimal Places, Number of Significant Digits, Display Format Calculations Using Memory BASE-N Mode Calculations
f ( chapter Manual Calculations ] Manual calculations are those that you input manually, as on the simplest of calculators. They are to be distinguished from programmed calculations. This chapter provides a var. us examples to help you become familiar with the manual calculation capabilities of the unit. 2-1 Arithmetic Calculations ~Enter arithmetic calculations as they are written, farm toff to right. *Use the key te input the minus sign before a negative value.
2-2 Units of Angular Measurement «See page 20 for full derails on specifying the unit of angular measurement *Once you specify a unit of angular measurement, it remains in effect until you specify a different one. The specification is retained even if you switch power off Example Operation Display Result displayed in degrees, To convert 4.25 rad to S0 (Deg) B8 degrees. 47.3% + 82.Grad = 4774.20181 47.38382.508() 243.5070629 4774.20181 —na— 2.
2-6 Other Functions *The following calculations cannot be performed in the BASE-N Mode. Example Operation Display V8¢ P26 3.65028154 2243447457254 2HNFE3ENEES SRS EEE 54, e e INTERRED 574 EERIE 12 8= 1228 x8) 8 B PREY] ()58 40320 40320 287w -3 EIE27E 3. 1 =0.5430803571 PREFERENCE FREER N MONIES 8T (v) BRI | 0.5430803571 T4 2-7 Coordinate Conversion *Rectangular Coordinates *Polar Coordinates Y Y Plead Led) .
2-8 Permutation and Combination s Permutation *Combination Pr nacre eyt =i *The following calculations cannot be performed in the BASE-N Mode. Example Operation Display To calculate the possible number of different arranger ENFORCE) meets using 4 items defected P da 5049, from among of 10 items. 10Ps = 5040 To calculate the possible number of different combina10EREAFENPRE) sons of 4 items that can be Achaean 210. selected from among 10 items.
2-10 Engineering Symbol Calculations +8ee page 32 for details on selecting engineering symbols, Example Q Operation Display (Engine 000k {kola) + 25Kk (silo) 999 RETRIEVE (D) FOE =1.0248 (mega) 25ENE 1.024M Deafening) Y 1024000, Engender) B 9+ {mill SE10E 908.m e 0.9 EE 0.0009k 0.9 e 90e.m Bed 900.m TR 11 Number of Decimal Places, Number of Significant 2 Digits, Display Format »See page 22 for derails on specifying the number of decimal places.
2-12 Calculations Using Memory *See page 35 for details on value memories. Example Q Operation Display 193. 2[R )& 183.2 EEAEZ3E 84 19322689 A28 6.9 19325 42=4.6 WEARER 4.8 9x643 i (i =1.425 SEI6EA3HEmIEIE 57, [O7EI201EIBDERTIE 1.428 “The same result can be produced by entering [TORTOISE (DIDO 7S DML DE 23EIEIEMENE 32, 5386 47, 455290 4583258 90. Total ~11, SERRIED 5=063.4 2.3E33.4CREIED 5.7 15 12E3EREIMSER 63.4 4.5EFHE 4.
| | v 'Chapter 3 b [integration Calculations 1 This chapter tiles you how to perform integration calculations on the unit, 3.1 How the Unit Calculates Integration The following is the input format for integration: EES Number of Divisions value for in N 27 Lena pom L Start Poi Ty bony = [P ideology N=27 Jth) p= ftx) earn of f7rix}ax is calloused oAl N umber of divisions integration calculations are performed by applying Simpson's Rule for the f{x) function you input.
M Application of integration calculation Integrals or results of integration calculations can be used in arithmetic calculations, [Example]| [exceeds 2x [P ete. "Results of integration calculation cannot be used in integration calculation formulas *When calculating area as shown below, Abs (absolute value) should be inserted inch formula: example} Calculate the [ w, =} areas of x. Omit input of number of divisions. First, specify the unit of angular measurement as radians, D (Rad) 6B Red Q.
integration involving certain types of functions or ranges can result in relatively large errors being generated in the values produced. Note the following points 10 ensure ¢g,. cert integration values. {1) When cyclical functions for integration values become positive or negative for differ, ent divisions, perform the calculation for single cycles, or divide between negative and positive, and then add the results together.
fi chapter & | Statistical Calculations There are two types of statistical calculations: single-variable statistical calculations per. formed using standard deviation, and paired-variable statistical calculations performed using regression. Regression calculations can be performed using linear regression, logarithmic regress. snot, exponential regression and power regression. Mo maser what type of statistical calculations you decide to perform.
®To delete data To delete the S0ET(DT) (east data item enteral, press ED(CL). [Example 2| Data input sequence: 30ET(DT) 50ENDT) To detente the 206EHDT), enter 20EB(CL. [Example 3| Data input sequence: To delete the press To delete the press Example 5| Data input sequence: )31 HOT) To elate the fast item entered), press FB{CL).
Y ® To edit data items stored in memory #To delete specific data items stored in memory {Example To change delete 54 NEEDN'T) EH EDIT) GEW [MENDEL) 8 330 Bl ’ |peL]ins]ERS] After you finish deleting the data, press B and then ED(CAL) (see page 104} After you finish editing the data, press Bl and then FE{CAL) (see page 104).
T * To insert data items into data stored in memory [Example | To insert U between 52 and 58 EH EDIT) FZ(INS) After you finish inserting the data, press B and then (see page 104} ® To clear all statistical data [FEVERS) ERASER ALL DARNED ] 7 Press FR(YES) to clear all statistical data from memory or BE(NO) {or Festoon abort this procedure without deleting anything 4-2 Paired-Variable Statistical Calculations You should use the Regression Mode to perform paired-variable statistics) calculations.
Y ’ The following are the operations that are available from the function display at the bottom of the serene. Press the unction key below the operation you want to perform. E(n Bic L) ). Used to input the number of data pairs DEVI) . Displays a standard deviation function menu B . Displays a data sum function menu DEGREE) Displays a regression function menu The unit uses the following value memories to store values, Do not use these memorials for storage if you plan to perform statistical operations.
* M To enter the Logarithmic Regression Mode AEG mode! Bl Los) 7RO B8y The logarithmic regression formula Puny * To input data for logarithmic regression Input data using the same procedures as described for linear regression on page 95, * To delete data Delete data using the same procedures as described for Near Regression on page 5y ® To calculate results After you enter data, press FRI REG) for the regression menu. and press the function key that corresponds 1o the result you want to display.
v W To enter the Power Regression Mode REG mode! A LIN 5106 EXP ZIPPER DP) RUN ~ PW The power regression formula is e Aw® finality + Bin * To input data for power regression input data using the same procedures as described for linear regression on page 9§, *To delete data Delete data using the same procedures as described for linear regression on page 99, * To calculate results After you enter data, press FREEING) for the regression menu, and prods the function key that corresponds 1o the result you want t
* Yo input data “The following input procedures can be used 10 input data for linger, logarithmic, exponential, and power regression.
To calculate the deviation of the unbiased variance, the difference between each datum, and mean of the above data T calculate x and on -1 for the following data Class no. | Value | Frequency 1 110 10 2 130 31 3 150 24 4 170 2 5 190 3 {Continuing) {axon) EERIER EFFUSE (V) SARGENT 51 ERE (S EmE 130E() 31 END) 170FNOTEIDT) 190FE(OTIEYDTEIDT) EPEE e DEFENDED) D (v B Elixir HED — 1.8821 4285 182 0.8 =237 119, 130, 150, 170, 178, 199, 199, 190, 78, 137.7142857 18.
W Logarithmic Regression *The logarithmic regression formula is y= A+ Bronx. *Ly, Xx¢, and Lay are obtained as Slain, S{na), and Eyeing respectively. Example Operation Display X 2t N (REG) EPILOGUE) (Stat data: NON 235 BRI (Sch EHE 74 38.0 (Clears memory 103 6.4 3.36729583 118 489 5 ) The data in the above table can be used to obtain the terms of the regression formula and the correlation coefficient.
W Power Regression *The power regression formula is y=Aud® (Hinayana -+ Bin. «Xis obtained as Tina. £x? as Sniff, Oy as Lin, L7 as Sin Yr .+ and Zxy as Illinois, Example Operation Display Xt ¥i BN (REG) BT (PWR) 28 2410 data: NON-} 30 3033 G Headcheese @ s 2805 (Clears memory) 3 yon 28ER12410E1(0T) 3.33228451 35 5747 | 3.40119738) 3IEN(T13895FDT) 3.496507561 The data in the above table JSENI4491ELDT) 3.555348061 can be used to obtain the terms of the regression for38EHS717ENOT 3.
| | Y chapter D [ Graphing This chapter explains everything you dean 1o know to fully use the versatile graphing Caps.
T EERIE Range T . 8 min:@. madrasa OTOH: n+86_ Now if you press [, the Range Parameter Screen is cleared. Press B8 ta confirm that your 'N' parameters are correct Range ks Range T. ¢ mining. maxima, 58637068 picnic. 87266462 Note that the = and division operations we entered above have been automatically converted to the correct values. “You can set range parameters within the range of + 97 to + 97, "input values can have up to urine significant digits.
*You cannot specify 0 for Excl or Cyst *Da not spicily the same value for the minimum and maximum, ‘It you input an illegal value, the previous parameter is retained without change, *If a minimum is greater than & maximum parameter, the axis is inverted “Example| Min :5 Max: “Note that when you press B to input a parameter, anything that was previously located 0 the right of the cursor position is nat input. [Example | Garbageman Feminize. max 28, Ranee ® Min: -5 max: 25 @] Range | max: .
5-2 Rectangular Coordinate Graphs When drawing rectangular coordinate graphs, remember that the unit uses value memories X and Y to store values. Do not use these memories for storage if you plan to draw rectangular coordinate graphs. M Graphing Built-in Scientific Functions Use the MINICOMPUTER Mode to draw rectangular coordinate graphs. Do not use the BANES Mode.
W Graphing Manually Entered Functions ‘You can graph manually entered functions by simply pressing & and then entering the function. Remember that you also have to specify range parameters {page 113) ® To graph a manually entered function [Example] To graph y=2x’+ 3x 4 using the following range parameters Range max:s. scl i@, max:10. scribal. (Vs EDGE] | W Overdrawing Manually Input Graphs You can draw two of org built-n function graphs on the same screen.
§5-3 Polar Coordinate Graphs You can use the unit to draw polar coordinate graphs after you change from the REC Mode to the POL Made. When you graph a builtin function, the range parameters arg get by the unit automatically. The functions that can be graphed in the POL Made are those that fit the following format: r=1() Note that you should specify raids as the unit of angular measurement when graphing polar coordinate graphs.
Eah 2 IRREVERENCE important If the difference between the minimum and maximum values you set for the pitch too great, your graph will be too rough, I the difference is too small, drawing of the graph will take a very long time. W Specifying the Value Range When graphing a polar coordinate function, you can specify the maximum and minimum values to be applied. Use the following format.
SR Rad) B FHF R ORI BRIGADIER Important If the difference tie tween the minimum and maximum values you set for the pitch too great, your graph will be too rough. If the difference is too snail, drawing of the graph will take a very long time. M Specifying the Value Range When graphing a parametric function, you can specify the maximum and minimum values to be applied. Use the following format. Graph (T), [Min, Max] [Example To graph the following functions: ~ 2c08 3.5T Yeltsin sin 3.
® To graph an inequality T Example | To graph using the following range parameters (Example | Range max: 6 sG] Ymin:imax:1 scribal. RECHERCHE v <) CHEER M Overdrawing Inequality Graphs If you draw twa or more inequality friction graphs on the same screen, the area containing values that satiety both functions is filed in. In the following input sequence we will input two functions with a single operation.
o 5-6 integration Graphs To draw integration graphs, you press B4, enter the function, and then pass i Th The unit produces the graph on the display with the solution range painted in [important Whenever drawing a new integration graph. you should always start aut with to clear the display. # To graph an integral EREE)ICIs)ED Z Stonemason ORI DEN) (S8 Range max sc | Min: max:} sl B, 18.
When you press the ES(PQR) key, the following display appears. v | cane Use the function keys to input the probability distribution you are graphing. ’ Inputs graph a probability distribution Example | To graph EEREel(PQR) (PONGEE | | | 69146 “The following shows the parameters that the unit uses for the probability distribution graph.
Next, specify the number of bars by increasing the number of value memories. Since we nave 11 ranks, we should increase the number of memories by 11. if you skip this step, an error occurs when you bry to draw the graph. Program @ F~Memory 2 Memory : ag Stat(80) Matrix . 4076 Bytes Er [0 F=T8 I 2 P GRS : 2 Stat (REG): Now clear the statistical memory. Input the data. For luff details on the techniques you can use to input statistical data, ses page 91.
Y 5.9 Paired-Variable Statistical Graphs To draw paired-variable statistical graphs, you must use the REG Mode and the Statistic. cal graph DRAW Mode. The unit draws graphs using data you input. * To check the current mode & To enter the correct mode BUTTERFINGERED [ 'mfi’@ ) DRAW) grapnel: DRAW [ *To draw a paired-variable graph Ta draw a graph of the following data: First, specify the range parameters as shown below. Manege ~136— Now clear the statistical memory. input the data.
5-10 Other Graph Functions The functions described in this section can be used with rectangular coordinate, Po tar coordinate, parametric, inequality, and statistical graphs. W Connect Type and Plot Type Graphs 1f you select a connect type graph, the points that are plotted are connected by dings, With a plot type graph, the points are not connected. | ®To select a graph type 55 Draw types (CONN Graph type { CON=connect type 1 PLT = plot type Press (] to select connect type or to select plot type.
v Move the pointer using (8 and @ . Holding down either key moves the pointer a1 high speed. Move the pointer to the first intersection, When the pointer is at the location you want, press Coordinate) to view coordinates indivisibly. ally. Each press of 8 changes the coordinate display in the following sequence:; 785857 Y=4. 7858574 < X coordinate only -2, TBESH7447 ¥ coordinate only —t-Y =2, 7BEOE7447 important | The pointer does not move at fixed intervals. It follows the dots on the display.
e Press to activates the Trace Function. The painter appears on the graph dray, by the last function in the multi statement. n E(Trace) E1063B 621y Move the printer along the line where it is locate T ed using (8 and @. Holding down either key Poitier moves the pointer 8t high speed. Use @& and ® to move the pointer between the 1wo graphs.
Pilot Function The Plot Function makes it possible to plot points anywhere on 2 graph, # To pit a point on a graph [Example | To plot a point at x=2, y=2, with the following range parameters: Precise Lobbed BT VIZIER Ca ordinates Move the pointer using &, @, @ and @ Holding down these keys moves the pointer at high speed, BHEBE® [Coordinate) 144 Range Min: = max:5 scull Thymine— 1 2 max silt INNIT K=R. 0?127@7 X=g. 6531814 Y=1. 93"5A838 i Y=1.
ENGINEER ) you specify a point halt is outside the range set up by the range parameters, the pointer does not appear on the display. “The x-coordinate value of the current pointer location is stored in the X value memory, The y-coordinate value is stored in the Y value memory.
v Now draw another line 1o the y-axis. Since the +and y-coordinates of the point yoy lay plotted are stored in X and ¥ value memories, you can easily move the pointer beak 1o the point on the graph. Note the following operation. » To scroll the graph on the display 'pTé | To draw the graph for + ~ 8}, y=2x~ 3, and then ~ stroll it s (X ErI > AIRY) se the following range parameters: | | el e EILEEN) oo PROCEEDS o T T DECIDED Move the pinier 10 the taxis R eEE @ -@ B Moo s | X=0.
M Zoom Functions The Enlarge and Reduce Functions Jet you zoom in and out on graphs. ©Tao display the Zoom Menu EED(Zoom) «The following ate the operations that are available from the function display at the bot tom of the screen. Crass the function key below the operation you want to perform, E(BOX) EFFECT) . Exhale actors. FOXY e Box Function Displays the factor input screen .
When the pointer is located where you want the other comber of the box 1o be, press B, Note that the box you defined becomes the outline of the display, and the graph ig g, tared to fit.
Input the zoom factors for the x-axis and y-axis MERE [l B Press redraw the graph according to the factors you have specified. At this time, the range parameters are changed as towlines: Fs] v Range Xmin:Z240 max :248. sci:180. 8 max: 9. 8 N ‘You van repeat the enlarge operation and enlarge the enlarged graph again. ~154— o To reduce a graph C specify the range parameters. wrap the graph, s A 3 (REC; ERRED Deg)ER EE Rates Press EBi{Zoom) 1o display the Zoom Menu.
o Press [E)(x 1o redraw the graph according I 4 7o spicily the center point of an enlarged display e e You s stz ’p@ | To enlarge the graphs: y = (x-and times ' on the x-axis and y-axis, with the apparent point of tang ency at the center i of the display. Use the following range parameters: scarify the range parameters. Range -2 Min -8, At this tire, the range parameters are changed T — as follows: wrap the graph RECIPIENT) EOE A0 OOZES You can repeat the reduce operation and reduce the reduced graph again.
Input the razor factors for the x-axis and y-axis. Ergs) Press redraw the graph according to the actors you have specified Y [Factor Xfot:s Yfct:s S Graph ) (x=a) Vo rap done 1 G Note that these graphs are not tangent as they appear on the normal (enlarged) display, ~158— o Fo initialize the zoom factors #2)izeom)EDECTIFETINIT) Anytime you perform the above operation, the unit owing setting. fixes the zoom factors to the fol Factor Footing. Gigantic.
Some Graphing Examples 5-11 Some Graphing Examples @ <555 5] To graph the function y=x*+ 43~ 3622 and determine its = minimum and maximum The following examples are presented to show you some ways that the graphing 1 sons can be used effectively. e, Jse the following range parameters. Range [Example 1] To graph the function 27x+ 50 xgziar; E?a}& Use the following range parameters, Range T gé@@ Min -5, max :608.
Example 5| To store into Function Memory (page 57), and then .
leaper 6 ““ Programming o ] This chapter tiles you how to use the versatile program memory of the urinal. Once yo, program a calculation, you can call it up and execute it using any values you want at the touch of a key. 6-1 introduction to Programming The fallowing explains the basics about programming the unit. We also provide a number of actual easy-t-understand examples for your reference.
Y MTo input a program [E(Starts programming) [Example| To program the following formulas, which calculate the surface area (s and volume (V) of a regular tetrahedron when the length of one siege ) is known.
[Naivete (or(B) (REFLATE {Tunis operation repeats the recall of the program area) [DEE (value of A) P PXTBXAR4 grog & 10 848, 4121815 — Dis PaA EXEMPLARY rer3xAx’3 Prof 5 ? 12 84B. 4101815 471. 4045208 Prof 5 ? rog 5 ~N0T 168. 7429781 -~ Dis N rog B 189. 7409791 181. 8917506 —168— v (8 when A= 1q) -Dis " muggy FAGS ES Cavitation for airy of wry (When A= 1y (5 when A=7) (V when A=7) @lor REPLACEABLE (Overvalue of A} [Prof 5 7 Prof S 2 158 779, 4228634 Dis -~ Prof B 2 779. 42268834 1588.
4 WTo edit a program Example To change the program A + B, stored in program area P3 fo C4.pp FEEIR(WRT) Fol empty Pl empty P2 empty P3 A+B @E®® P2 empty P1 empty P2 empty PINNATE & A+B ERE) C+B [C e C+D_ 1 *The E& key operation to enter the program area causes the cursor to be located at the beginning of the program. 1 you use instead, the cursor is located &t the end of the program.
v 5_2 About Error Messages W To clear all programs »The procedures described below cannot be undone. Make sure that you do net Nee data any more before you delete it BEIRUT) RUN / COME ™) G-type : POLTROON angle ad ucilScifarrler] e F(PRG) T ERASE ALL PRIG [T EYESORES) " TURN / cove_ ) Eaves) G-type : POLTROON angle .
6-3 Counting the Number of Steps The memory of the unit can hold up 10 4,184 steps. Step is a unit of data, usually Prankster od by a single keystroke. For example, sate of the following would take up 1 step of mg, space. miry st @, As you input programs, the number of steps available decreases. The number of Mg steps available is also decreased when you convert program memory fo value me (page 3B), and when you store functions, matrices, or statistical data.
v W About the Newline Function The Newline Function is a multi statement connector that, performs a newline o instead of inserting & symbol at the connection of two statements. Note the two following displays, Aeration Roost-G TELNETs! Goth 1 | Deg @5T 179V 1 P8 Lbl 1:1sz T:vxgi n ext-8. 8xTe+g, Goth 1 Both displays show the same programs, except that the upper one suss misstatement commands, while the lower one uses the Mewling Function. Note how much easier the dower display is to read.
g 6-5 Using Jump Commands Generally, programs are executed from beginning to end, in the order that they are input into memory. This can cause problems when you want to repeat an operation a fumble of times or when you want to execute a formula in a different location. Jump commands make it possible to accomplish such operations very easily. M About unconditional jumps An unconditional jump is one that is performed no matter what circumstances exist.
Example 2 [ To write a program that accumulates input values, but display the values any time zero is entered. VS the toothy Program 2 . B, Lbl, 3,5, Goth, Goth, 1,1, Lo, 2,5, B 31 steps With this program, 0 is assigned to value memory B to clear . The next statement prom, for input of & value 1o value memory A. The next statement is a conditional jump that says. “i the value input for A equals 0, then go to label 2.
v 6-6 Using Subroutines Up to this point, all of the programs we have seen were contained in a single program area. You can also jump between program areas, so that ihe resulting execution is made up of pieces in different areas. In such a case, the central program from which other areas are jumped to is called a “‘main routine”, The areas jumped 1 from the main routine are called “subroutines™. . .
6-7 Using Array Memory In addition 10 the individual value memories, the unit gives you array memory capability. ties. Noel the following. Value Memories Array Memories Alo] Cf-2} ATl Cf-1] Al2] oy A3 Chy Al4] Clay mummy Note) "You cannot use r OF 6 value memory as array memory, As you can see, array memory names consist of an alphabetic character, followed by & subscript enclosed in brackets. The subscript is a value, either positive or negative, or & value memory that represents a value.
v Paraplegia | To write a program that stores values from 1 through 5 in memories. Apy V'V through A[5] Writing the above program as follows results in an overlap of memory. 5, .G, bk 1,5, 0 = ALC Dsz, G, &, Cato, 1, ALt L 4. AL2] 4 All) 4. ALS ] 44 steps EERIE would expat the second execution 1o produce a 2, but it actually produces a 0 instead. This is because array memory A[2] is actually identical to value memory C, which is counter down to @ by the end of the program.
6-8 Displaying Text Messages Text, numbers, and symbols can be displayed by programs as mesas ges that input, etc. Note the following example. Prompt Statement Display Without text With text X Kex? As you can see, the text prompt makes it much easier to understand what in) puss require by the program. ride Messages can @50 be used to explain the meaning of a displayed result.
Tpe DOVE program should produce this graph when you execute it. 6-9 Using the Graph Function in Programs T— By using the graph function in programs, you can graphically represent dong, com, equations and overdraw graphs & number of times. All graph commands. me Function) can be used in programs. You can also specify range parapet " ® Range -1@, 18,2, — 12@, 150, 58 Graph Graph ers in Program.
Appendix TS The appendix contain information on battery replacement, error messages, specifications, and other details.
Appendix A Power Supply The unit is powered by three CF2032 lithium batteries. In addition, it uses a single CR2032 lithium battery as a back up power supply for the memory. W When to Replace Batteries Replace batteries when the display of the calculator becomes dim and difficult to read, even if you adjust the contrast (page 23) to make it darker. 1 the following message appears on the display, immediately stop using the calculator and replace batteries.
# To replace the main power supply batteries {witch the power of the calculator off. (@ Carefully remove the 2 screws that hold the back cover of the calculator in place and then remove the back cover, 3 Slide the swish on the battery holder to the left (OPEN gig) and remove screw @& browser & ALL RESET-i-» the three old batteries. Wipe off the surtaxes of three new batteries with sofa, dry lath. Load the three new batteries into the calculator sa that their positive (¥ sides are facing up.
Appendix B To Reset the Calculator Warning The procedure described here clears all memory contents. Never perform this operation unless you want to totally clear the memory of the calculator, Strong electrostatic charge can corrupt the operating system of the calculator, which interferes with correct operation.
Binary, octal, Setting number | Decimal . [Bedeck | decimal, system Hexadecimal TR (Hex hexadecimal Binary Sabine calculations Octal .. OOHED e Number stern | Burner stern for the numeric value en\ere? specification immediately after can be specified regardless of the currently set number system. To spice Decimal . E{d~ 0)ED() Hexadecimal FE{d ~ Binary FE{d~ Octal .. g~ Logical Input numeric values are conversed 1o binary operations and each bit is tested.
3 Special functions Ang The latest result obtained in manual or pro] gram calculations is stored in memory. it js recalled by pressing . *Mantissa of numeric value is 13 digits, Replay +After calculation results are obtained, maul can be recalled by pressing either error is generated, pressing either @ or @ will cancel the error and the point where the error was generated will be indicated by blinking cursor. Multi statement Colons are used 10 join & series of statements or calculation formulas.
Program commands Unconditional dump Program execution jumps ta the Lbl n which corresponds to Goth n. "5 =0 through § Conditional Jumps i conditional expression is true, the statesmen{ after =" is executed. If not true, execution jumps 1o the statement following next S g Not true (FD: Formals (ED: Relational perpetrate (B Statement “The relational operator Count jumps The value in 8 memory is increased or decreased, |f the value does not equal 0, the next statement is executed.
Mem ERROR | () 1)Attempt 1o use a value memory that does not exist. @3 Not enough memory to perform specified matrix operation (i) Not enough memory to reserve work area for matrix operation. G:Not enough memory to store statistical data. (5)Not enough memory to store function memory data. (D Create more value memories using Dem command, oF use proper memory name. > E Use 1o check memory status. Delete no longer necessary data 0 make 00 in Memory.
Appendix F Specifications Model: f-7700G @p: functions Burl function graphs (Rectangular and Polar coordinates): (40 types) sin, cos, tan, sin~1, cos ', tan ", sing, cosh, tang, sinning, cosh~*, tang -1, iog, in, 104 223, %, k! Types of graphs: User generated function graphs Rectangular coordinates Polar coordinates Parametric inequalities (Y>, Y<, Yz, Y=} Integration Single-variable statistics: bar graphs, line graphs, normal distribution curves, Probability distributions (P, Q, B} Paired-variable statisti
Display system: Lipid crystal display, 10-digit mantissa plus 2-digit exponent, 16 characters by 8 fines (98 by 84 dots), Power supply: Main — 3 lithium batteries (CR2032) Memory protection — 1 lithium battery (CA2032) Power consumption: 022 W Battery life: Main — Approximately 1 year (Approximately 100 hours by continuous usg) Memory protection Approximately 1 year Auto power off: Power is automatically switched off approximately 6 minutes after lag operation.
. B Factorial, 74 Fix, 22 Fractions, 13, 77 Function delete, 59 Function fist, 58 Function memory, 14, 57 Function recall, 58 Function reference, 199 Function store, 57 Functions:Type Functions!Type Input value, 63 Inputting, 25 Insert, 15, 27 Integration calculations, 35, 84 Integration graphs, 130 Inverse matrix, 41, 55 Jump commands, 176, 178 Keyboard, 11 Gradients/Grads, 14, 20 LIN mode, 18, 98, 107 Graph types, 19 Line, 146 Graph, range, 112 Graph-Text 12 Graphic display, 60 Graphing, 12, 112 Graphing
i K Pri Function REG mode, 18, 97, 136 Subtraction, 15 o Rey | ram Tune ten Sing, 13,71, 118 Displays mode selection } Displays second mode Single-variable statistics, 35, 90 | screen. selection screen. Single-variable statistical WRT mode, 17, 170 oat | Switches display between model, 18 Sys mode, 17, 164 | Tra% | Tums trace unction nonfood. Regression. 97,107 Y ! : Selects 1st function menu item. Relational operator, 177 o ) 200m .
combined combined SR Key Primary Function @ i Moves. curator right Sol s ! screen. Press after EXE to dips I anon from ba mung Lz A Allows input ot variables X.6, | Provides numerical | Enters letter A, XB7) viand. integral solution. 19° B ! rags before entering value to | Press before entering | Enters letter B. log Articulate common logarithm. | exponent value press before entering value to | Press before entering | Enters fetter C @ ululate natural logarithm. exponent value ofe.
