EN fx-FD10 Pro User’s Guide
GUIDELINES LAID DOWN BY FCC RULES FOR USE OF THE UNIT IN THE U.S.A. (not applicable to other areas). NOTICE This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.
Important! The splash resistance and dust resistance performance of the calculator are based on CASIO testing methods. Indicated performance is based on performance at the time of shipment from the factory (at the time of delivery to you). CASIO makes no guarantee that such performance will be provided in environments where you use the calculator.
Contents Chapter 1 Getting Acquainted — Read This First! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. BEFORE USING THE CALCULATOR FOR THE FIRST TIME... ................................ 1-1 Handling Precautions .................................................................................................... 1-3 LCD and Key Back Lighting .......................................................................................... 1-6 Splash Resistance, Dust Resistance, and Shock Resistance ......................................
8. CASIO Scientific Function Calculator Special Commands ⇔ Text Conversion Table ................................................................................................ 6-35 Chapter 7 Spreadsheet 1. 2. 3. 4. Spreadsheet Basics and the Function Menu ............................................................... 7-1 Basic Spreadsheet Operations ..................................................................................... 7-2 Using Special S • SHT Mode Commands .............................
Chapter 1 Getting Acquainted — Read This First! 1. BEFORE USING THE CALCULATOR FOR THE FIRST TIME... Batteries are not loaded in your calculator at the factory. Be sure to follow the procedure below to load batteries and adjust the display contrast before trying to use the calculator for the first time. 1. Turn over the calculator and rotate the center knob to the left. • During the remainder of this procedure, take care that you do not accidentally press the o key. 2.
• If the Power Properties screen shown to the right is not on the display, press the RESTART button on the back of the calculator. RESTART button 5. To change the LCD and key backlight duration, use c and f to move the highlighting to “Backlight Duration” and then press one of the keys below. 1(10) ... Backlight remains lit for 10 seconds after the backlight on operation.* Performing a key operation while the backlight is lit will restart the duration until 10 seconds after that key operation. 2(30) ...
2. Handling Precautions • Your calculator is made up of precision components. Never try to take it apart. • Avoid dropping your calculator and subjecting it to strong impact. • Do not store the calculator or leave it in areas exposed to high temperatures or humidity, or large amounts of dust. When exposed to low temperatures, the calculator may require more time to display results and may even fail to operate. Correct operation will resume once the calculator is brought back to normal temperature.
• Do not swing the calculator around by its strap. Doing so creates the risk of calculator malfunction and personal injury. • Avoid opening the battery compartment cover, USB port cap, and SD card cap in areas where moisture or salt wind is present, when your hands are wet, when wearing wet gloves, etc. • Periodically check the battery compartment cover, USB port cap, SD card cap, and the areas around them for dirt, sand, and other foreign matter.
Be sure to keep physical records of all important data! The large memory capacity of the unit makes it possible to store large amounts of data. You should note, however, that low battery power or incorrect replacement of the batteries that power the unit can cause the data stored in memory to be corrupted or even lost entirely. Stored data can also be affected by strong electrostatic charge or strong impact. It is up to you to keep back up copies of data to protect against its loss.
3. LCD and Key Back Lighting This calculator is equipped with LCD and key back lighting to make the keys and display easy to read, even in the dark. You can conserve battery power by limiting backlight operation to only when you need it. u To turn the backlight on or off Press !a(LIGHT) to toggle the backlight on and off.
4. Splash Resistance, Dust Resistance, and Shock Resistance k Splash Resistance and Dust Resistance This calculator satisfies the requirements of the IP54* splash proof and dust proof protection levels defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). * IP stands for “ingress protection”. The “5” of the left digit means Class 5 (no ingress of dust that affect device operation) protection against solid objects.
5. About this User’s Guide u !x(') The above indicates you should press ! and then x, which will input a ' symbol. All multiple-key input operations are indicated like this. Key cap markings are shown, followed by the input character or command in parentheses. u m STAT This indicates you should first press m, use the cursor keys (f, c, d, e) to select the STAT mode, and then press w. Operations you need to perform to enter a mode from the Main Menu are indicated like this.
Chapter 2 Basic Operation 1.
k Calculator Front Keys Almost all of the keys on the front of the calculator have two functions assigned to them. 2 1 For example, pressing the x key directly inputs ^2 (1: square), while pressing ! and then x inputs '(2: square root). Note • For information about keys 1 through 6, see “About the Function Menu” (page 2-5). • The a key is used when inputting alphabetic characters. See “Inputting Alphabetic Characters” for more information.
2. Press the down side cursor key twice in succession to scroll the screen contents downwards one screen. 3. Press the up side cursor key twice in succession to scroll the screen contents upwards one screen. Note • Each press of a side cursor key scrolls one screen when any of the following screens is displayed.
3. Press w to display the initial screen of the mode whose icon you selected. Here we will enter the STAT mode. • You can also enter a mode without highlighting an icon in the Main Menu by inputting the number marked in the lower right corner of the icon. • Use only the procedures described above to enter a mode. If you use any other procedure, you may end up in a mode that is different than the one you thought you selected. The following explains the meaning of each icon.
k About the Function Menu Use the function keys (1 to 6) to access the menus and commands in the menu bar along the bottom of the display screen. You can tell whether a menu bar item is a menu or a command by its appearance. k Normal Display The calculator normally displays values up to 10 digits long. Values that exceed this limit are automatically converted to and displayed in exponential format. u How to interpret exponential format 1.2E+12 indicates that the result is equivalent to 1.2 × 1012.
• In addition to the above, this calculator also uses other indicators or symbols, which are described in each applicable section of this manual as they come up. 3. Inputting and Editing Calculations k Inputting Calculations When you are ready to input a calculation, first press A to clear the display. Next, input your calculation formulas exactly as they are written, from left to right, and press w to obtain the result.
u To insert a step Example To change 2.362 to sin2.362 Ac.dgx ddddd !h(sin) k Alphabetic Character Input Use the function menu that appears when you press a to input alphabetic characters for variable memory names (A through Z), program names, etc. Example To input A + B + C a1(A-E)1(A)+2(B)+3(C) Note To input symbols (', ", ~, =) and spaces, use the function menu that appears after you press a6(SYBL). k Using Replay Memory The last calculation performed is always stored into replay memory.
Example 2 Abcd+efgw cde-fghw A f (One calculation back) f (Two calculations back) • A calculation remains stored in replay memory until you perform another calculation. • The contents of replay memory are not cleared when you press the A key, so you can recall a calculation and execute it even after pressing the A key. k Making Corrections in the Original Calculation Example 14 ÷ 0 × 2.3 entered by mistake for 14 ÷ 10 × 2.3 Abe/a*c.d w Press J.
3. Press 1(COPY) to copy the highlighted text to the clipboard, and exit the copy range specification mode. The selected characters are not changed when you copy them. To cancel text highlighting without performing a copy operation, press J. u To cut the text 1. Move the cursor (I) to the beginning or end of the range of text you want to cut and then press !b(CLIP). This changes the cursor to “ ”. 2. Use the cursor keys to move the cursor and highlight the range of text you want to cut. 3.
2. Press 6(CTGY) to display the category list. • You can skip this step and go straight to step 5, if you want. 3. Use the cursor keys (f, c) to highlight the command category you want, and then press 1(EXE) or w. • This displays a list of commands in the category you selected. 4. Input the first letter of the command you want to input. This will display the first command that starts with that letter. 5. Use the cursor keys (f, c) to highlight the command you want to input, and then press 1(INPUT) or w.
u To input Favorites category commands using the function keys 1. Press the a key twice. • This displays a function menu for inputting Favorites category commands. 2. Press the function key (1(FAV1) to 6(FAV6)) that corresponds to the command you want to input. u To re-arrange the sequence of Favorites category list commands 1. Press !a(CATALOG) to display the catalog screen, and then press 6(CTGY)c to display the Favorites category list. 2.
• {STAT} ... {menu for paired-variable statistical estimated value} • {CONV} ... {metric conversion menu} • {HYP} ... {hyperbolic calculation menu} • {PROB} ... {probability/distribution calculation menu} • {NUM} ... {numeric calculation menu} • {ANGL} ... {menu for angle/coordinate conversion, sexagesimal input/conversion} • {ESYM} ... {engineering symbol menu} • {PICT} ... {graph save/recall menu} • {FMEM} ... {function memory menu} • {LOGIC} ... {logic operator menu} 5.
• {GRPH} ... {graph data menu} • {a}/{b}/{c}/{d}/{e} ... {regression coefficient and polynomial coefficients} • {r}/{r2} ... {correlation coefficient}/{coefficient of determination} • {MSe} ... {mean square error} • {Q1}/{Q3} ... {first quartile}/{third quartile} • {Med}/{Mod} ... {median}/{mode} of input data • {Strt}/{Pitch} ... histogram {start division}/{pitch} • {PTS} ... {summary point data menu} • {x1}/{y1}/{x2}/{y2}/{x3}/{y3} ... {coordinates of summary points} u Str — Str command • {Str} ...
7. Using the Setup Screen The mode’s Setup screen shows the current status of mode settings and lets you make any changes you want. The following procedure shows how to change a setup. u To change a mode setup 1. Select the icon you want and press w to enter a mode and display its initial screen. Here we will enter the RUN • MAT mode. 2. Press !m(SET UP) to display the mode’s Setup screen. • This Setup screen is just one possible example.
u Grid (graph gridline display) • {On}/{Off} ... {display on}/{display off} u Axes (graph axis display) • {On}/{Off} ... {display on}/{display off} u Label (graph axis label display) • {On}/{Off} ... {display on}/{display off} u Display (display format) • {Fix}/{Sci}/{Norm}/{Eng} ... {fixed number of decimal places specification}/{number of significant digits specification}/{normal display setting}/{engineering mode} u Simplify (calculation result auto/manual reduction specification) • {Auto}/{Man} ...
u Move (spreadsheet cell cursor direction)*2 • {Low}/{Right} ... {move down}/{move right} *1 Selecting “Form” (formula) causes a formula in the cell to be displayed as a formula. The “Form” does not affect any non-formula data in the cell. *2 Specifies the direction the cell cursor moves when you press the w key to register cell input, when the Sequence command generates a number table, and when you recall data from List memory. 8.
Important! The calculator backs up user data (main memory) when you turn power off and loads the backed up data when you turn power back on. When you press the RESTART button, the calculator restarts and loads backed up data. This means that if you press the RESTART button after you edit a program or other data, any data that has not been backed up will be lost. u Reset Use reset when you want to delete all data currently in calculator memory and return all mode settings to their initial defaults.
Chapter 3 Manual Calculations 1. Basic Calculations k Arithmetic Calculations • Enter arithmetic calculations as they are written, from left to right. • Use the - key to input the minus sign before a negative value. • Calculations are performed internally with a 15-digit mantissa. The result is rounded to a 10digit mantissa before it is displayed. • For mixed arithmetic calculations, multiplication and division are given priority over addition and subtraction. Example Operation 56 × (–12) ÷ (–2.5) = 268.
Example 2 200 ÷ 7 × 14 = 400 Condition Operation 3 decimal places Calculation continues using display capacity of 10 digits Display 200/7*14w 400 !m(SET UP) ff 1(Fix)dwJw 400.000 200/7w * 14w 28.571 Ans × I 400.000 • If the same calculation is performed using the specified number of digits: 200/7w 28.571 The value stored internally is rounded off to the number of decimal places specified on the Setup screen. K6(g)4(NUM)4(Rnd)w * 14w 28.571 Ans × I 399.994 200/7w 28.
7 Abbreviated multiplication format in front of Type A functions, Type C functions, and parenthesis. 2' 3, A log2, etc. 8 Permutation, combination nPr, nCr 9 Metric conversion commands 0 ×, ÷, Int÷, Rnd ! +, – @ Relational operators =, ≠, >, <, ≥, ≤ # And (logical operator), and (bitwise operator) $ Or, Xor (logical operator), or, xor, xnor (bitwise operator) *1 You can combine the contents of multiple function memory (fn) locations into composite functions.
• When a multiplication sign is omitted immediately before an open parenthesis or after a closed parenthesis. Example 1 6 ÷ 2(1 + 2) → 6 ÷ (2(1 + 2)) 6 ÷ A(1 + 2) → 6 ÷ (A(1 + 2)) 1 ÷ (2 + 3)sin30 → 1 ÷ ((2 + 3)sin30) • When a multiplication sign is omitted immediately before a variable, a constant, etc.
u To assign a value to a variable [value] !K(→) [variable name] w Example 1 To assign 123 to variable A Abcd!K(→) a1(A-E)1(A)w Example 2 To add 456 to variable A and store the result in variable B Aa1(A-E)1(A)+efg !K(→)a1(A-E)2(B)w u To assign the same value to more than one variable [value]!K(→) [first variable name]a6(SYBL)3(~) [last variable name]w • You cannot use “r” or “θ ” as a variable name.
u Function Memory [OPTN]-[FMEM] Function memory is convenient for temporary storage of often-used expressions. • {STO}/{RCL}/{fn}/{SEE} ...
u To display a list of available functions K6(g)6(g)3(FMEM) 4(SEE) u To delete a function Example To delete the contents of function memory number 1 A K6(g)6(g)3(FMEM) 1(STO)bw • Executing the store operation while the display is blank deletes the function in the function memory you specify. k Answer Function The Answer Function automatically stores the last result you calculated by pressing w (unless the w key operation results in an error). The result is stored in the answer memory.
k Performing Continuous Calculations Answer memory also lets you use the result of one calculation as one of the arguments in the next calculation. Example 1÷3= 1÷3×3= Ab/dw (Continuing)*dw Continuous calculations can also be used with Type B functions (x2, x–1, x!, on page 3-2), +, –, ^(xy), x', ° ’ ”, etc. 3. Specifying the Angle Unit and Display Format Before performing a calculation for the first time, you should use the Setup screen to specify the angle unit and display format.
u To specify the number of significant digits (Sci) Example To specify three significant digits 2(Sci)dw Press the number key that corresponds to the number of significant digits you want to specify (n = 0 to 9). Specifying 0 makes the number of significant digits 10. • Displayed values are rounded off to the number of significant digits you specify. u To specify the normal display (Norm 1/Norm 2) Press 3(Norm) to switch between Norm 1 and Norm 2. Norm 1: 10–2 (0.01) > |x|, |x| >1010 Norm 2: 10–9 (0.
4. Function Calculations k Function Menus This calculator includes five function menus that give you access to scientific functions not printed on the key panel. • The contents of the function menu differ according to the mode you entered from the Main Menu before you pressed the K key. The following examples show function menus that appear in the RUN • MAT or PRGM mode. u Hyperbolic Calculations (HYP) [OPTN]-[HYP] • {sinh}/{cosh}/{tanh} ...
u Angle Units, Coordinate Conversion, Sexagesimal Operations (ANGL) [OPTN]-[ANGL] • {°}/{r}/{g} ... {degrees}/{radians}/{grads} for a specific input value • {° ’ ”}* ... {specifies degrees (hours), minutes, seconds when inputting a degrees/minutes/ seconds value} • {° ’ ”}* ... {converts decimal value to degrees/minutes/seconds value} • The {° ’ ”} menu operation is available only when there is a calculation result on the display. • {Pol(}/{Rec(}* ...
• Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen. Example Operation cos ( π rad) = 0.5 3 !m(SET UP)cc2(Rad)J!i(cos) !*( ( )!a(CATALOG)a6(SYBL)4(9) cc(π)w/3!/( ) )w 2 • sin 45° × cos 65° = 0.5976724775 !m(SET UP)cc1(Deg)J 2*!h(sin) 45*c65w*1 sin–10.5 = 30° (x when sinx = 0.5) !e(sin–1) 0.5*2w *1 * can be omitted. *2 Input of leading zero is not necessary. k Logarithmic and Exponential Functions • Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen. Example Operation log 1.23 (log101.
k Other Functions • Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen. Example Operation ' 2 +' 5 = 3.65028154 !x(') 2+!x(') 5w (–3)2 = (–3) × (–3) = 9 !*( ( )-3!/( ) )xw 8! (= 1 × 2 × 3 × .... × 8) = 40320 8K6(g)3(PROB)1(x!)w What is the integer part of – 3.5? K6(g)4(NUM)2(Int)-3.5w –3 k Random Number Generation (RAND) u Random Number Generation (0 to 1) (Ran#, RanList#) Ran# and RanList# generate 10 digit random numbers randomly or sequentially from 0 to 1.
RanList# Examples Example Operation RanList# (4) (Generates four random numbers and displays the result on the ListAns screen.) K6(g)3(PROB)4(RAND)5(List) 4!/( ) )w RanList# (3, 1) (Generates from the first to the third random numbers of sequence 1 and displays the result on the ListAns screen.) JK6(g)3(PROB)4(RAND) 5(List) 3,1!/( ) )w (Next, generates from the fourth to the sixth random number of sequence 1 and displays the result on the ListAns screen.) Jw Ran# 0 (Initializes the sequence.
Example Operation RanNorm# (8, 68) (Randomly produces a body length value obtained in accordance with the normal distribution of a group of infants less than one year old with a mean body length of 68cm and standard deviation of 8.) K6(g)3(PROB)4(RAND)3(Norm) 8,68!/( ) )w RanNorm# (8, 68, 5) (Randomly produces the body lengths of five infants in the above example, and displays them in a list.
Example Operation 1 Calculate r and Ƨ° when x = 14 and y = 20.7 !m(SET UP)cc1(Deg)J !-(Pol) 14,20.7!/( ) )wJ 1 2 24.989 55.928 → → 24.98979792 (r) 55.92839019 (θ ) 2 Calculate x and y when r = 25 and Ƨ = 56° 1 2 13.979 20.725 → → !+(Rec) 25,56!/( ) )w 13.97982259 (x) 20.72593931 (y) • The results of coordinate conversions are automatically stored in ListAns Memory.
k Division Remainder (MOD), Remainder of Exponential Division (MOD Exp) Example Operation To determine the remainder when 137 is divided by 7 (MOD (137, 7) = 4) K6(g)4(NUM)6(g)4(MOD) 137,7 !/( ) )w To determine the remainder when 53 is divided by 3 (MOD • E (5, 3, 3) = 2) K6(g)4(NUM)6(g)5(MOD • E) 5,3,3!/( ) )w k Fractions • Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen.
*1 Converts the displayed value to the next higher engineering unit, by shifting the decimal point three places to the right. *2 Converts the displayed value to the next lower engineering unit, by shifting the decimal point three places to the left. k Logical Operators (AND, OR, NOT, XOR) [OPTN]-[LOGIC] The logical operator menu provides a selection of logical operators. • {And}/{Or}/{Not}/{Xor} ...
5. Numerical Calculations The following explains the numerical calculation operations included in the function menu displayed when K4(CALC) is pressed. The following calculations can be performed. • {Int÷}/{Rmdr}/{Simp} ... {quotient}/{remainder}/{simplification} • {Solve}/{d/dx}/{d2/dx2}/{∫dx}/{SolvN} ... {equality solution}/{differential}/{quadratic differential}/ {integration}/{f(x) function solution} • {FMin}/{FMax}/{Σ(}/{logab} ...
Under initial default settings, this calculator automatically simplifies fraction calculation results before displaying them. Before performing the following examples, use the Setup screen to change the “Simplify” setting from “Auto” to “Manual” (page 2-15). • When “a+bi” or “r∠θ” is specified for the Setup screen “Complex Mode” setting, fraction calculation results always are simplified before being displayed, even if the “Simplify” setting is “Manual”.
k Solving an f(x) Function [OPTN]-[CALC]-[SolvN] You can use SolvN to solve an f(x) function using numerical analysis. The following is the input syntax. SolveN (left side [=right side] [,variable] [, lower limit, upper limit]) • The right side, variable, lower limit and upper limit all can be omitted. • “left side[=right side]” is the expression to be solved. Supported variables are A through Z, r, and θ. When the right side is omitted, solution is perform using right side = 0.
k Differential Calculations [OPTN]-[CALC]-[d/dx] To perform differential calculations, first display the function analysis menu, and then input the values using the syntax below.
- inclusion of the inflection point in x values - inclusion of undifferentiable points in x values - differential calculation results approaching zero • Always use radians (Rad mode) as the angle unit when performing trigonometric differentials. • You cannot use a differential, quadratic differential, integration, Σ, maximum/minimum value, Solve, RndFix or logab calculation expression inside a differential calculation term.
[OPTN]-[CALC]-[∫dx] k Integration Calculations To perform integration calculations, first display the function analysis menu and then input the values using the syntax below.
(1) When cyclical functions for integration values become positive or negative for different divisions, perform the calculation for single cycles, or divide between negative and positive, and then add the results together.
k Σ Calculations [OPTN]-[CALC]-[Σ(] To perform Σ calculations, first display the function analysis menu, and then input the values using the syntax below. K4(CALC)6(g)3(Σ( ) ak , k , α , β , n !/( ) ) β Σ (a , k, α, β, n) = Σ a = a k k k=α α + aα +1 +........+ aβ (n: distance between partitions) Example To calculate the following: 6 Σ (k 2 – 3k + 5) k=2 Use n = 1 as the distance between partitions.
u Maximum Value K4(CALC)6(g)2(FMax) f (x), a , b , n !/( ) ) (a: start point of interval, b: end point of interval, n: precision (n = 1 to 9)) Example To determine the minimum value for the interval defined by start point a = 0 and end point b = 3, with a precision of n = 6 for the function y = x2 – 4x + 9 Input f (x). AK4(CALC)6(g)1(FMin)a5(U-Z)4(X)x-e4(X) +j, Input the interval a = 0, b = 3. a,d, Input the precision n = 6.
6. Complex Number Calculations You can perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, parentheses calculations, function calculations, and memory calculations with complex numbers just as you do with the manual calculations described on pages 3-1 to 3-13. You can select the complex number calculation mode by changing the Complex Mode item on the Setup screen to one of the following settings. • {Real} ... Calculation in the real number range only*1 • {a+bi} ...
k Arithmetic Operations [OPTN]-[CPLX]-[i] Arithmetic operations are the same as those you use for manual calculations. You can even use parentheses and memory.
AK3(CPLX)2(Abs) !*( ( )d+e1(i)!/( ) )w (Calculation of absolute value) AK3(CPLX)3(Arg) !*( ( )d+e1(i)!/( ) )w (Calculation of argument) • The result of the argument calculation differs in accordance with the current angle unit setting (degrees, radians, grads). k Conjugate Complex Numbers [OPTN]-[CPLX]-[Conj] A complex number of the form a + bi becomes a conjugate complex number of the form a – bi.
Example To transform the rectangular form of complex number 1 + ' 3 i to its polar form !m(SET UP)cc1(Deg)c 2(a+bi)J Ab+!*( ( )!x(')d !/( ) )K3(CPLX) 1(i)6(g)3('r∠θ)w Ac!a(CATALOG)a6(SYBL) 4(9)c~c(∠)wgaK3(CPLX) 6(g)4('a+bi)w • The input/output range of complex numbers is normally 10 digits for the mantissa and two digits for the exponent. • When a complex number has more than 21 digits, the real part and imaginary part are displayed on separate lines.
• The alphabetic characters used in the hexadecimal number appear differently on the display to distinguish them from text characters. Normal Text A B C D E F Hexadecimal Values u v w x y z 4(HEX) 1(A) 4(HEX) 2(B) 4(HEX) 3(C) 4(HEX) 4(D) 4(HEX) 5(E) 4(HEX) 6(F) Keys • The following are the calculation ranges for each of the number systems.
u To input values of mixed number systems Example To input 12310, when the default number system is hexadecimal !m(SET UP) Move the highlighting to “Mode”, and then press 3(Hex)J. A1(d~o)1(d)bcdw k Negative Values and Bitwise Operations Press 2(LOG) to display a menu of negation and bitwise operators. • {Neg} ... {negation}*1 • {Not}/{and}/{or}/{xor}/{xnor} ...
u To convert a displayed value from one number system to another Example To convert 2210 (default number system) to its binary or octal value A!m(SET UP) Move the highlighting to “Mode”, and then press 2(Dec)J. 1(d~o)1(d)ccw J3(DISP)3('Bin)w 4('Oct)w 8. Matrix Calculations From the Main Menu, enter the RUN • MAT mode, and press 1('MAT) to perform Matrix calculations. 26 matrix memories (Mat A through Mat Z) plus a Matrix Answer Memory (MatAns), make it possible to perform the following matrix operations.
k Inputting and Editing Matrices Pressing 1('MAT) displays the Matrix Editor screen. Use the Matrix Editor to input and edit matrices. m × n … m (row) × n (column) matrix None… no matrix preset • {DEL}/{DEL•A} ... deletes {a specific matrix}/{all matrices} • {DIM} ... {specifies the matrix dimensions (number of cells)} • {CSV} ... {transfers data between matrices and CSV files} u Creating a Matrix To create a matrix, you must first define its dimensions (size) in the Matrix Editor.
The following operation is a continuation of the example calculation in “To specify the dimensions (size) of a matrix”. bwcwdw ewfwgw (Data is input into the highlighted cell. Each time you press w, the highlighting moves to the next cell to the right.) • Displayed cell values show positive integers up to six digits, and negative integers up to five digits (one digit used for the negative sign). Exponential values are shown with up to two digits for the exponent. Fractional values are not displayed.
u Row Calculations The following menu appears whenever you press 1(R-OP) while a recalled matrix is on the display. • {Swap} ... {row swap} • {×Rw} ... {product of specified row and scalar} • {×Rw+} ... {addition of one row and the product of a specified row with a scalar} • {Rw+} ... {addition of specified row to another row} u To swap two rows Example To swap rows two and three of the following matrix: All of the operation examples are performed using the following matrix.
u To add two rows together Example To add row 2 to row 3 1(R-OP)4(Rw+) Specify number of row to be added. cw Specify number of row to be added to. dww u Row Operations • {DEL} ... {delete row} • {INS} ... {insert row} • {ADD} ...
u Column Operations • {DEL} ... {delete column} • {INS} ... {insert column} • {ADD} ... {add column} u To delete a column Example To delete column 2 3(COL)e 1(DEL) k Transferring Data between Matrices and CSV Files You can import the contents of a CSV file stored with this calculator or transferred from a computer into one of the matrix memories (Mat A through Mat Z, and MatAns). You also can save the contents of one of the matrix memories (Mat A through Mat Z, and MatAns) as a CSV file.
u To save matrix contents as a CSV file 1. While the Matrix Editor is on the display, use f and c to highlight the name of the matrix whose contents you want to save as a CSV file. 2. Press 4(CSV)2(SV • AS). • This will display a dialog box for specifying whether the CSV file should be saved to storage memory or the SD card. 3. Select b(Storage Mem) to select storage memory, or c(SD Card) to select the SD card. • This displays a folder selection screen. 4.
u Matrix Data Input Format [OPTN]-[MAT]-[Mat] ... ... ... The following shows the format you should use when inputting data to create a matrix using the Mat command. a11 a12 ... a1n a21 a22 ... a2n = [ [a11, a12, ..., a1n] [a21, a22, ..., a2n] .... [am1, am2, ..., amn] ] am1 am2 ...
Example 1 To check the dimensions of Matrix A K2(MAT)6(g)2(Dim) 6(g)1(Mat)a1(A-E)1(A)w The display shows that Matrix A consists of two rows and three columns. Since the result of the Dim command is list type data, it is stored in ListAns Memory. You can also use {Dim} to specify the dimensions of the matrix.
Example 2 Multiply the value in the cell at row 2, column 2 of the above matrix by 5 K2(MAT)1(Mat)a1(A-E)1(A) !a(CATALOG)a6(SYBL)4(9) c~c( [ )wc,c !a(CATALOG)c( ] )1(INPUT)*fw u To fill a matrix with identical values and to combine two matrices into a single matrix [OPTN]-[MAT]-[Fill]/[Aug] Use the Fill command to fill all the cells of an existing matrix with an identical value and the Augment command to combine two existing matrices into a single matrix.
K2(MAT)2(M→L)1(Mat) a1(A-E)1(A),c!/( ) ) !K(→)K1(LIST)1(List)bw 1(List)bw k Matrix Calculations [OPTN]-[MAT] Use the matrix command menu to perform matrix calculation operations. u To display the matrix commands 1. From the Main Menu, enter the RUN • MAT mode. 2. Press K to display the option menu. 3. Press 2(MAT) to display the matrix command menu. The following describes only the matrix commands that are used for matrix arithmetic operations. • {Mat} ... {Mat command (matrix specification)} • {Det} ..
u Determinant Example [OPTN]-[MAT]-[Det] Obtain the determinant for the following matrix: 1 2 3 Matrix A = 4 5 6 −1 −2 0 K2(MAT)3(Det)1(Mat) a1(A-E)1(A)w • Determinants can be obtained only for square matrices (same number of rows and columns). Trying to obtain a determinant for a matrix that is not square produces an error. • The determinant of a 2 × 2 matrix is calculated as shown below. |A| = a11 a12 a21 a22 = a11a22 – a12a21 • The determinant of a 3 × 3 matrix is calculated as shown below.
u Reduced Row Echelon Form [OPTN]-[MAT]-[Rref] This command finds the reduced row echelon form of a matrix. Example To find the reduced row echelon form of the following matrix: Matrix A = 2 −1 3 19 1 1 −5 −21 0 4 3 0 K2(MAT)6(g)5(Rref) 6(g)1(Mat)a1(A-E)1(A)w • The row echelon form and reduced row echelon form operation may not produce accurate results due to dropped digits.
u Squaring a Matrix Example [x2] To square the following matrix: Matrix A = 1 2 3 4 K2(MAT)1(Mat)a1(A-E) 1(A)xw u Raising a Matrix to a Power Example [^] To raise the following matrix to the third power: Matrix A = 1 2 3 4 K2(MAT)1(Mat)a1(A-E) 1(A)!a(CATALOG)a6(SYBL) 4(9)c~c(^)wdw • For matrix power calculations, calculation is possible up to a power of 32766.
• The following complex number functions are supported in matrices. i, Abs, Arg, Conjg, ReP, ImP Matrix Calculation Precautions • Determinants and inverse matrices are subject to error due to dropped digits. • Matrix operations are performed individually on each cell, so calculations may require considerable time to complete. • The calculation precision of displayed results for matrix calculations is ±1 at the least significant digit.
• Real numbers or a list that contains real number elements only can be used as the value being converted from. When values being converted from are input into a list (or when list memory is specified), conversion calculation is performed for each element in the list and calculation results are returned in list format (ListAns screen). • A complex number cannot be used as a value to be converted from.
k Unit Conversion Command List Display Name Cat. Display Name Unit fm fermi cm3 cubic centimeter Å angstrom mL milliliter μm micrometer mm millimeter m3 cubic meter cm centimeter in3 cubic inch m meter ft3 cubic foot km kilometer AU astronomical unit l.y.
Temperature °C degrees Celsius Pa Pascal K Kelvin kPa Kilo Pascal °F degrees Fahrenheit mmH2O millimeter of water °R degrees Rankine mmHg millimeter of Mercury m/s meter per second atm atmosphere km/h kilometer per hour inH2O inch of water knot knot inHg inch of Mercury ft/s foot per second lbf/in2 pound per square inch mile/h u mile per hour Display Name bar kgf/cm2 atomic mass unit eV milligram bar kilogram force per square centimeter electron Volt gram kg kilogr
Chapter 4 List Function A list is a storage place for multiple data items. This calculator lets you store up to 26 lists in a single file, and you can store up to six files in memory. Stored lists can be used in arithmetic and statistical calculations, and for graphing. Element number List 1 SUB 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 • • • • 56 37 21 69 40 48 93 30 Display range Cell List 2 List 3 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 107 75 122 87 298 48 338 49 • • • • • • • • • • • • Column List 4 List 5 3.5 6 2.1 4.4 3 6.8 2 8.
u To batch input a series of values 1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to another list. 2. Input a left brace ( { ), and then enter the values, separated by commas. After inputting all of the values you want, input a right brace ( } ). !a(CATALOG)a6(SYBL)4(9) c~c( { )wg,h,i !a(CATALOG)c( } )w 3. Press w to store all of the values in your list. w • Remember that a comma separates values, so you should not input a comma after the final value of the set you are inputting.
3. Make any changes in the data you want. u To delete a cell 1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the cell you want to delete. 2. Press 6(g)3(DEL) to delete the selected cell and cause everything below it to be shifted up. • The cell delete operation does not affect cells in other lists. If the data in the list whose cell you delete is somehow related to the data in neighboring lists, deleting a cell can cause related values to become misaligned.
3. Type in the name and then press w. Example: YEAR a5(U-Z)5(Y)J1(A-E)5(E) 1(A)J4(P-T)3(R) • The following operation displays a sub name in the RUN • MAT mode. K1(LIST)1(List) n!a(CATALOG) a6(SYBL)4(9)c~c( [ )wa !a(CATALOG)c( ] )ww (n = list number from 1 to 26) • Though you can input up to 8 bytes for the sub name, only the characters that can fit within the List Editor cell will be displayed. • The List Editor SUB cell is not displayed when “Off” is selected for “Sub Name” on the Setup screen.
Ascending order 1. While the lists are on the screen, press 6(g)1(TOOL)1(SRT • A). 2. The prompt “How Many Lists?:” appears to ask how many lists you want to sort. Here we will sort one base list linked to one other list, so we should input 2. cw 3. In response to the “Select Base List List No:” prompt, input the number of the list you want to sort into ascending order. Here we will specify List 1. bw 4.
Example To transfer the contents of List 1 (2, 3, 6, 5, 4) to column 1, and the contents of List 2 (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) to column 2 of Matrix Answer Memory AK1(LIST)2(L→M) 1(List)b,1(List)c!/( ) )w u To count the number of data items in a list [OPTN]-[LIST]-[Dim] K1(LIST)3(Dim)1(List) w • The number of cells a list contains is its “dimension.
u To generate a sequence of numbers [OPTN]-[LIST]-[Seq] K1(LIST)5(Seq) , , , , !/( ) )w • The result of this operation is stored in ListAns Memory. Example To input the number sequence 12, 62, 112, into a list, using the function f(x) = X2. Use a starting value of 1, an ending value of 11, and an increment of 5.
u To calculate the median of data items of specified frequency [OPTN]-[LIST]-[Med] This procedure uses two lists: one that contains values and one that indicates the frequency (number of occurrences) of each value. The frequency of the data in Cell 1 of the first list is indicated by the value in Cell 1 of the second list, etc. • The two lists must contain the same number of data items. If they don’t, an error occurs.
u To calculate the cumulative frequency of each data item [OPTN]-[LIST]-[Cuml] K1(LIST)6(g)6(g)3(Cuml)6(g)1(List) w • The result of this operation is stored in ListAns Memory.
• You can specify the storage location in list memory for a calculation result produced by a list calculation whose result is stored in ListAns memory. For example, specifying “AList 1 → List 2” will store the result of AList 1 in List 2. • The number of cells in the new AList is one less than the number of cells in the original list. • An error occurs if you execute AList for a list that has no data or only one data item. 3.
u To directly input a list of values You can also directly input a list of values using {, }, and ,. Example To input the list: 56, 82, 64 !a(CATALOG)a6(SYBL)4(9) c~c( { )wfg,ic,ge !a(CATALOG)c( } )w u To assign the contents of one list to another list Use !K(→) to assign the contents of one list to another list.
u To use list contents in ListAns Memory in a calculation Example To multiply the list contents in ListAns Memory by 36 K1(LIST)1(List)!K*dgw • The operation K1(LIST)1(List)!K recalls ListAns Memory contents. • This operation replaces current ListAns Memory contents with the result of the above calculation. k Performing Scientific Function Calculations Using a List Lists can be used just as numeric values are in scientific function calculations.
All subsequent list operations are applied to the lists contained in the file you select (List File 3 in the above example). 5. Using CSV Files You can import the contents of a CSV file stored with this calculator or transferred from a computer into the List Editor. You also can save the contents of all the list data in the List Editor as a CSV file. These operations are performed using the CSV function menu, which appears when you press 6(g)6(g)1(CSV) while the List Editor is on the display.
4. Select b(Storage Mem) to select storage memory, or c(SD Card) to select the SD card. • Pressing w in the next step will overwrite the specified list editor data with the CSV file data. 5. On the select file dialog box that appears, use f and c to move the highlighting to the file you want to import and then press w. • This imports the contents of the CSV file you specified to the List Editor.
u To save the contents of all the list data in the List Editor as a single CSV file 1. While the List Editor is on the display, press 6(g)6(g)1(CSV) to display the CSV function menu. 2. Press 2(SV • AS). • This will display a dialog box for specifying whether the CSV file should be saved to storage memory or the SD card. 3. Select b(Storage Mem) to select storage memory, or c(SD Card) to select the SD card. • This displays a folder selection screen. 4. Select the folder where you want to save the CSV file.
Chapter 5 Statistical Graphs and Calculations Important! This chapter contains a number of graph screen shots. In each case, new data values were input in order to highlight the particular characteristics of the graph being drawn. Note that when you try to draw a similar graph, the unit uses data values that you have input using the List function. Because of this, the graphs that appear on the screen when you perform a graphing operation will probably differ somewhat from those shown in this manual. 1.
• List The initial default statistical data is List 1 for single-variable data, and List 1 and List 2 for paired-variable data. You can specify which statistical data list you want to use for x-data and y-data. • Frequency Normally, each data item or data pair in the statistical data list is represented on a graph as a point. When you are working with a large number of data items however, this can cause problems because of the number of plot points on the graph.
• % Sto Mem (Specifies storage of percentage values to a list.) • {None}/{List} ... For percentage values: {Do not store to list}/{Specify List 1 to 26 and store} When “Box” (med-box graph) is selected as the Graph Type: • Outliers (outliers specification) • {On}/{Off} ... {display}/{do not display} Med-Box outliers When “Bar” (bar graph) is selected as the Graph Type: • Data1 (first stick data list) • {LIST} ... {List 1 to 26} • Data2 (second stick data list)/Data3 (third stick data list) • {None}/{LIST} .
2. Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data Single-variable data is data with only a single variable. If you are calculating the average height of the members of a class for example, there is only one variable (height). Single-variable statistics include distribution and sum. The following types of graphs are available for single-variable statistics. You can also use the procedures under “Changing Graph Parameters” on page 5-1 to make the settings you want before drawing each graph.
The display screen appears as shown above before the graph is drawn. At this point, you can change the Start and Width values. k Med-box Graph This type of graph lets you see how a large number of data items are grouped within specific ranges. A box minX encloses all the data in an area from the first quartile (Q1) to the third quartile (Q3), with a line drawn at the median (Med). Lines (called whiskers) extend from either end of the box up to the minimum (minX) and maximum (maxX) of the data.
k Normal Distribution Curve The normal distribution curve is graphed using the normal distribution function. XList specifies the list where the data is input, while Freq specifies the list where the data frequency is input. 1 is specified for Freq when frequency is not specified. k Broken Line Graph Lines connect center points of a histogram bar. XList specifies the list where the data is input, while Freq specifies the list where the data frequency is input.
• Press 6(DRAW) to return to the original single-variable statistical graph. • When Mod has multiple solutions, they are all displayed. • You can use the Setup screen’s “Q1Q3 Type” setting to select either “Std” (standard calculation) or “OnData” (French calculation) for the Q1 and Q3 calculation mode. For details about calculation methods while “Std” or “OnData” is selected, see “Calculation Methods for the Std and OnData Settings” below.
Center Point 1 2 Center Point 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Median 2+3 = Q1 2 7+8 = Q3 2 u OnData The Q1 and Q3 values for this calculation method are described below. Q1 = {value of element whose cumulative frequency ratio is greater than 1/4 and nearest to 1/4} Q3 = {value of element whose cumulative frequency ratio is greater than 3/4 and nearest to 3/4} The following shows an actual example of the above.
3. Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data k Drawing a Scatter Diagram and xy Line Graph The following procedure plots a scatter diagram and connects the dots to produce an xy line graph. 1. From the Main Menu, enter the STAT mode. 2. Input the data into a list. 3. Specify Scat (scatter diagram) or xy (xy line graph) as the graph type, and then execute the graph operation. Press A, J or !J(QUIT) to return to the statistical data list. Example Input the two sets of data shown below.
Example Input the two sets of data shown below and plot the data on a scatter diagram. Next, perform logarithmic regression on the data to display the regression parameters, and then draw the corresponding regression graph. 0.5, 1.2, 2.4, 4.0, 5.2 (xList) –2.1, 0.3, 1.5, 2.0, 2.4 (yList) 1 m STAT 2 a.fwb.cwc.ewewf.cwe -c.bwa.dwb.fwcwc.
k Graphing Statistical Calculation Results While the parameter calculation result is on the display, you can graph the displayed regression formula by pressing 6(DRAW). k Linear Regression Graph Linear regression uses the method of least squares to plot a straight line that passes close to as many data points as possible, and returns values for the slope and y-intercept (y-coordinate when x = 0) of the line. The graphic representation of this relationship is a linear regression graph.
Quadratic regression Cubic regression Model formula....... y = ax + bx + c Model formula....... y = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d 2 a .......... regression second coefficient b .......... regression first coefficient c .......... regression constant term (y-intercept) a .......... regression third coefficient b .......... regression second coefficient c .......... regression first coefficient d .......... regression constant term (y-intercept) Quartic regression Model formula.......
k Power Regression Graph Power regression expresses y as a proportion of the power of x. The standard power regression formula is y = a × xb, so if we take the logarithm of both sides we get In y = In a + b × In x. Next, if we say X = In x, Y = In y, and A = In a, the formula corresponds to linear regression formula Y = A + bX. 1(CALC)6(g)4(Pwr) 6(DRAW) The following is the power regression model formula. y = a·xb a .............. regression coefficient b ..............
While the statistical data list is on the display, recall the Setup screen to specify a LIST (“List 1” through “List 26”) for “Resid List”. Calculated residual data is stored in the specified list. The vertical distance from the plots to the regression model will be stored in the list. Plots that are higher than the regression model are positive, while those that are lower are negative. Residual calculation can be performed and saved for all regression models.
k Reading Graph Data Values (Trace) Perform the key operation below while a statistical graph is displayed to start the trace operation that reads data values. 1. !1(TRCE) • This causes a pointer ( ) to appear on the graph screen. The data values at the current pointer location will be displayed at the bottom of the screen. Normal probability density plot (NPP) example screen Med box graph (MedBox) example screen Regression graph example screen 2. Use d and e to move the pointer.
2(FACT) Specifies the x-axis and y-axis zoom factors for factor zoom. 3(IN)/4(OUT) ... Factor zoom The graph is enlarged or reduced in accordance with the factor you specify, centered on the current pointer location. 6(g)1(ORIG) ... Original size Returns the graph to its original size following a zoom operation. 6(g)2(SQR) ... Graph correction V-Window x-axis values are corrected so they are identical to the y-axis values. 6(g)3(RND) ...
2. On the View Window setting screen that appears, configure the settings as desired. • Use c and f to move the highlighting to the item whose setting you want to change, enter the desired value, and then press w. Xmin/Xmax ...... Minimum/maximum x-axis value Xscale .............. Spacing of x-axis increments Xdot ................. Value that corresponds to one x-axis dot Ymin/Ymax ...... Minimum/maximum y-axis value Yscale ..............
k Sketching on a Graph (Sketch) The sketch function lets you draw points and lines inside of graphs. You can select one of four different line styles for drawing with the sketch function. 1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH mode. 2. Make V-Window settings. 3. On the Setup screen, use the “Sketch Line” setting to specify the line style you want. 1( ) … Normal (initial default) 2( ) … Thick (twice the thickness of Normal) 3( ) … Broken (thick broken) 4( ) … Dot (dotted) 4.
Example Draw a line that is tangent to point (2, 0) on the graph for y = x (x + 2) (x – 2). 1 m GRAPH 2 !3(V-WIN)1(INIT)J 3 !m(SET UP)cccccccc1( )J 4 3(TYPE)1(Y=)v!*( ( )v+c !/( ) )!*( ( )v-c!/( ) )w 5 6(DRAW) 6 !4(SKTCH)2(Tang) 7 e~ew*1 *1 You can draw a tangent line in succession by moving the “ ” pointer and pressing w.
5. Performing Statistical Calculations All of the statistical calculations up to this point were performed after displaying a graph. The following procedures can be used to perform statistical calculations alone. u To specify statistical calculation data lists You have to input the statistical data for the calculation you want to perform and specify where it is located before you start a calculation. Display the statistical data and then press 2(CALC)6(SET). The following is the meaning for each item.
These values can also be directly obtained by displaying the statistical data list and pressing 2(CALC)2(2VAR). After this, pressing f or c scrolls the statistical calculation result display so you can view variable characteristics. For details on the meanings of these statistical values, see “Displaying the Calculation Results of a Drawn Paired-Variable Graph” (page 5-14).
• Linear Regression (ax + b) ............. MSe = (a + bx)............. MSe = • Quadratic Regression..................... MSe = • Cubic Regression ........................... MSe = • Quartic Regression......................... MSe = • Logarithmic Regression.................. MSe = • Exponential Repression (a·ebx) ....... MSe = (a·bx) ........ MSe = • Power Regression .......................... MSe = • Sin Regression ............................... MSe = • Logistic Regression ........................
baaa(value of yi) 1(xˆ )w The estimated value xˆ is displayed for yi = 1000. • You cannot obtain estimated values for a Med-Med, quadratic regression, cubic regression, quartic regression, sinusoidal regression, or logistic regression graph. k Normal Probability Distribution Calculation You can calculate normal probability distributions for single-variable statistics with the RUN • MAT mode. Press K6(g)3(PROB)6(g) to display a function menu, which contains the following items. • {P(}/{Q(}/{R(} ...
1. From the Main Menu, enter the STAT mode. 2. Input the height data into List 1 and the frequency data into List 2. 3. Perform the single-variable statistical calculations. You can obtain the normalized variate immediately after performing single-variable statistical calculations only. 2(CALC)6(SET) 1(LIST)bw c2(LIST)cw!J(QUIT) 2(CALC)1(1VAR) 4. Press m, select the RUN • MAT mode, press K6(g)3(PROB)6(g) to recall the probability calculation (PROB) menu. 4(t() bga.f!/( ) )w (Normalized variate t for 160.
1. From the Main Menu, enter the STAT mode. 2. Use the List Editor to store the above data. 3. From the Main Menu, enter the RUN • MAT mode. 4. Press the keys as follows.
Chapter 6 Programming 1. Basic Programming Steps Commands and calculations are executed sequentially, just like manual calculation multistatements. 1. From the Main Menu, enter the PRGM mode. When you do, a program list appears on the display. Program name Files are listed in the alphabetic sequence of their names. 2. Register a file name. The number of bytes used by each program 3. Input the program. 4. Run the program. • A file name can be up to eight characters long.
4 1(EXE) or w hw(Value of A) w S when A = 7 V when A = 7 ww baw w S when A = 10 V when A = 10 ww bfw w*1 S when A = 15 V when A = 15 *1 Pressing w while the program’s final result is on the display exits the program. u Running an Existing Program 1. On the Main Menu or the RUN • MAT mode screen, press 0. • This will display a Program List like the one shown nearby. 2. Use c and f to move the highlighting to the name of the program you want to run. 3. Press 1(EXE) or w. • This runs the program.
2. To re-run a program in the log, use f and c to move the highlighting to it and then press 2(EXE) or w. • To return to the Program List, press e. Note • A right indicator (') is displayed in the first line of the Program List when there is one or more programs listed in the recently run program log. If the down indicator is not displayed, pressing e on the Program List will not display the recently run program log. • The recently run program log includes programs that were run from the Program List.
• {CLR}/{DISP} ... {clear}/{display} command menu • {REL} ... {conditional jump relational operator menu} • {I/O} ... {I/O control/transfer command menu} • {:} ... {multi-statement command} • {STR} ... {string command} See “Command Reference” on page 6-10 for full details on each of these commands. • Pressing !m(SET UP) displays the mode command menu shown below.
u To eliminate bugs that cause error messages An error message, like the one shown to the right, appears whenever something illegal occurs during program execution. When such a message appears, press J to display the place in the program where the error was caused. The cursor will be flashing at the location of the problem. Check the “Error Message Table” (page α-4) for steps you should take to correct the situation.
*1 The message “Not Found” appears when the search data you specify cannot be found in the program. *2 If there are no more instances of the data you specified, the search operation ends. • You cannot specify the newline symbol (_) or display command (^) for the search data. • Once the contents of the program are on the screen, you can use the cursor keys to move the cursor to another location before searching for the next instance of the data.
k Converting Programs and Text Files You can convert programs created on this calculator to a text file, and then use a text editor or other application on your computer to edit them. You also can convert text files created and edited on your computer to a program that can be run by the calculator. k Deleting a Program u To delete a specific program 1. While the program list is on the display, use f and c to move the highlighting to the name of the program you want to delete. 2. Press 4(DEL). 3.
u To convert a program to a text file 1. In the program list, use f and c to move the highlighting to the name of the program you want to convert to a text file. 2. Press 6(g)3(SV • AS). • This starts conversion to a text file. The message “Complete!” appears after conversion is complete. To close the message dialog box, press J. • The resulting text file is stored in the storage memory’s @MainMem\PROGRAM folder, under a name that is basically the same as the original file, except for certain special charac
k Registering a password When inputting a program, you can protect it with a password that limits access to the program contents to those who know the password. • You do not need to input the password to run a program. • The password input procedure is identical to that used for file name input. u To password protect a program as you are creating it 1. While the program list is on the display, press 3(NEW) and input the file name of the new program file. 2. Press 5(Q) and then input the password. 3.
5. Command Reference k Command Index Break....................................................6-14 StrCmp(................................................6-21 CloseCSV ............................................6-24 StrInv( ..................................................6-21 ClrGraph ............................................. 6-18 StrJoin(.................................................6-21 ClrList ..................................................6-18 StrLeft( ...............................
k Basic Operation Commands " " (Text string display) Function: Causes the text string inside the quotation marks (" ") to appear on the display. Syntax: "" Example: "Test #01" Description: Enclosing alphabetic characters, numerals, calculation commands or other text inside the quotation marks (" ") causes the text to be displayed as comment text. “” can contain up to 255 bytes of text.
^ (Output Command) Function: Displays an intermediate result during program execution. Description: • This command momentarily interrupts program execution and displays alpha character text or the result of the calculation immediately before the command. • The output command should be used at locations where you would normally press the w key during a manual calculation. : (Multi-statement Command) Function: Connects two statements for sequential execution without stopping.
k Program Commands (COM) If~Then~(Else~)IfEnd Function: The Then-statement is executed only when the If-condition is true (non-zero). The Else-statement is executed when the If-condition is false (0). The IfEnd-statement is always executed following either the Then-statement or Else-statement.
Do~LpWhile Function: This command repeats specific commands as long as its condition is true (nonzero). Syntax: Do _ : ^ _ : ^ LpWhile numeric expression Parameters: expression Description: • This command repeats the commands contained in the loop as long as its condition is true (non-zero). When the condition becomes false (0), execution proceeds from the statement following the LpWhile-statement.
Prog Function: This command specifies execution of another program as a subroutine. In the RUN • MAT mode, this command executes a new program. Syntax: Prog "file name"_ Example: Prog "ABC"_ Description: • Even when this command is located inside of a loop, its execution immediately breaks the loop and launches the subroutine. • This command can be used as many times as necessary inside of a main routine to call up independent subroutines to perform specific tasks.
k Jump Commands (JUMP) Dsz Function: This command is a count jump that decrements the value of a control variable by 1, and then jumps if the current value of the variable is zero. Syntax: Variable Value ≠ 0 _ Dsz : : ^ Variable Value = 0 Parameters: variable name: A to Z, r, θ [Example] Dsz B : Decrements the value assigned to variable B by 1. Description: This command decrements the value of a control variable by 1, and then tests (checks) it.
Description: This command increments the value of a control variable by 1, and then tests (checks) it. If the current value is non-zero, execution continues with the next statement. If the current value is zero, execution jumps to the statement following the multi-statement command (:), display command (^), or carriage return (_). ⇒ (Jump Code) Function: This code is used to set up conditions for a conditional jump. The jump is executed whenever the conditions are false.
k Clear Commands (CLR) ClrGraph Function: This command clears the graph screen. Syntax: ClrGraph_ Description: This command clears the graph screen during program execution. ClrList Function: This command deletes list data. Syntax: ClrList ClrList Parameters: list name: 1 to 26, Ans Description: This command deletes the data in the list specified by “list name”. All list data is deleted if nothing is specified for “list name”. ClrMat Function: This command deletes matrix data.
k Input/Output Commands (I/O) Getkey Function: This command returns the code that corresponds to the last key pressed. Syntax: Getkey_ Description: • This command returns the code that corresponds to the last key pressed. 79 69 78 68 77 67 34 39 29 28 38 59 49 58 27 37 48 57 33 32 64 24 54 44 73 63 23 53 43 74 62 22 52 42 72 61 21 71 41 31 • A value of zero is returned if no key was pressed previous to executing this command.
Description: • This command displays values (including variable contents) or text at a specific location on the text screen. If there is a calculation input, that calculation result is displayed. • The line is designated by a value from 1 to 7, while the column is designated by a value from 1 to 21. (1, 1) → ← (21, 1) (1, 7) → ← (21, 7) Example: Cls_ Locate 7, 1, "CASIO FX" This program displays the text “CASIO FX” in the center of the screen.
• You can use the “+” command (page 6-22) to connect strings inside of an argument. • A function or command within a string function (Exp(, StrCmp(, etc.) is treated as a single character. For example, the “sin” function is treated as a single character. Exp( Function: Converts a string to an expression, and executes the expression. Syntax: Exp(""[)] Exp'Str( Function: Converts an expression to a string and assigns it to the specified variable.
StrMid( Function: Extracts from the n-th to the m-th character of a string. Syntax: StrMid("", n [,m)] (0 < n < 9999, n is a natural number) Description: Omitting “m” will extract from the n-th character to the end of the string. StrRight( Function: Copies a string up to the nth character from the right. Syntax: StrRight("", n[)] (0 < n < 9999, n is a natural number) StrRotate( Function: Rotates the left side part and right side part of a string at the nth character.
k CSV Access Commands CSV access commands provide a means to directly load data into a program from a CSV file in storage memory or on an SD card. • For sake of simplicity, the explanations in this section use numbers (1, 2, 3, etc.) for rows and letters (A, B, C, etc.) for columns. For example, the cell in the upper left corner of any CSV file (the first cell in the file) is Cell A1. The cell in the lower right corner of a 3 × 3 CSV file would be Cell C3.
• Anything in a CSV file between a pair of quotation marks (" "), between quotation marks (") and a line feed, or between quotation marks (") and the end of a file is treated as a text string. Any delimiter symbol within a text string range is ignored. CSVInfo Function: Gets the row count and column count of the CSV file specified by the path and file name and outputs the result in list format. Syntax: CSVInfo "\\" Example: CSVInfo "SMEM:\\Data0827.
LoadNextCell Function: Switches the load target cell of the CSV file to the next cell, and outputs attribute information of the new load target cell in list format. Syntax: LoadNextCell Example: LoadNextCell→List 20 Description: • After opening a CSV file with OpenCSV, this command must be executed once before using GetCellValue or GetCellString to get data from a file. Executing this command after opening a CSV file uses the first cell in the file as the data load target.
6. Using Calculator Functions in Programs k Text Display You can include text in a program by simply enclosing it between double quotation marks. Such text appears on the display during program execution, which means you can add labels to input prompts and results. Program Display "CASIO" CASIO ?→X ? "X =" ? → X X=? • If the text is followed by a calculation formula, be sure to insert a display command (^) between the text and calculation.
u To calculate a scalar multiplication (`Row) Example 2 To calculate the product of Row 2 of the matrix in Example 1 and the scalar 4 The following is the syntax to use for this program. `Row 4, A, 2_ Row Matrix name Multiplier Mat A u To calculate a scalar multiplication and add the results to another row (`Row+) Example 3 To calculate the product of Row 2 of the matrix in Example 1 and the scalar 4, then add the result to row 3 The following is the syntax to use for this program.
• Descending order 3 SortD (List 1, List 2, List 3) Lists to be sorted (up to six can be specified) 3 432 k Using Statistical Calculations and Graphs in a Program Including statistical calculations and graphing operations in a program lets you calculate and graph statistical data.
• The following is a typical graph condition specification for a regression graph. S-Gph1 DrawOn, Linear, List 1, List 2, List 3 _ The same format can be used for the following types of graphs, by simply replacing “Linear” in the above specification with the applicable graph type. Linear Regression .......... Linear Logarithmic Regression ...... Log Med-Med......................... Med-Med Exponential Regression ...... Exp(a·eˆbx) Exp(a·bˆx) Quadratic Regression .... Quad Cubic Regression ..........
• Sketch PlotOn , PlotOff , PlotChg , PxlOn , PxlOff , PxlChg , PxlTest , [)] Text , , "" Text , , SketchThick SketchBroken
* Any one of the following can be specified as the calculation type. LinearReg(ax+b) ......linear regression (ax+b type) LinearReg(a+bx) ......linear regression (a+bx type) Med-MedLine ..........Med-Med calculation QuadReg .................quadratic regression CubicReg .................cubic regression QuartReg .................quartic regression LogReg ...................logarithmic regression ExpReg(a·eˆbx)........exponential regression (a·ebx type) ExpReg(a·bˆx)..........
7. PRGM Mode Command List Not all of the commands listed below are available on all models covered by this manual. RUN Program 4(MENU) key Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 STAT DRAW On Off GRPH GPH1 GPH2 GPH3 Scat xy Hist Box Bar N-Dis Brkn X Med X^2 X^3 X^4 Log Pwr Sin NPP Lgst Pie List TYPE CALC 1VAR 2VAR Med X^2 X^3 X^4 Log Pwr Sin Lgst MAT LIST CSV Swap ×Rw ×Rw+ Rw+ Srt-A Srt-D Open Close Load GetV GetS Info : \ Command DrawOn DrawOff S-Gph1_ S-Gph2_ S-Gph3_ Scatter xyLine Hist MedBox Bar N-Dist Broken Lin
VELO MASS FORC PRES ENGY PWR HYP PROB sinh cosh tanh sinh –1 cosh –1 tanh –1 x! nPr nCr K °F °R m/s km/h knot ft/s mile/h u mg g kg mton oz lb slug ton(short) ton(long) N lbf tonf dyne kgf Pa kPa mmH 2 O mmHg atm inH 2 O inHg lbf/in² bar kgf/cm² eV J calth cal15 calIT kcalth kcal15 kcalIT I-atm kW• h ft• lbf Btu erg kgf• m W calth /s hp ft• lbf/s Btu/min [K] [ ° F] [ ° R] [m/s] [km/h] [knot] [ft/s] [mile/h] [u] [mg] [g] [kg] [mton] [oz] [lb] [slug] [ton(short)] [ton(long)] [N] [lbf] [tonf] [dyne]
Menu_ ? ^ ClrText ClrGraph ClrList_ ClrMat_ DrawStat = ≠ > < t s Locate_ Getkey : StrJoin( StrLen( StrCmp( StrSrc( StrLeft( StrRight( StrMid( Exp'Str( Exp( StrUpr( StrLwr( StrInv( StrShift( StrRotate( Menu ? ^ CLR DISP REL I/O : STR Text Grph List Mat Stat = ≠ > < t s Lcte Gtky Join Len Cmp Src Left Right Mid E'S Exp Upr Lwr Inv Shift Rot Auto Man LIST File RESID None List CPLX Real a+bi r∠θ FRAC d/c ab/c SIMP Auto Man Q1Q3 Std OnD Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 COOR GRID AXES LABL DISP S/L BACK FUNC Deg
8. CASIO Scientific Function Calculator Special Commands ⇔ Text Conversion Table The table below shows the special text strings that correspond to commands when converting between programs and text files. For details about the operations for converting between programs and text files, see “Converting Programs and Text Files” (page 6-7).
* “ ” in the following tables indicates a space.
Command Text Command Int Int Not Not Text Command Plot Plot Line Line Lbl Text Swap Swap Dim Dim ^ ^ Lbl × ½ Fix Fix or or Sci Sci Augment( Augment( ! ! Dsz Dsz List→Mat( List->Mat( r rad Isz Isz Mat→List( Mat->List( minY minY Factor Factor Sum Sum minX minX ViewWindow ViewWindow Prod Prod n Statn Goto Goto Percent Percent Prog Prog Cuml Cuml Fill( Identity Identity −1 sinh sinh^−1 cosh−1 cosh^−1 , Para, tanh−1 tanh^−1 P( ProbP( Lis
Command CellIf( Text Command Text Command CellIf( [yd] [yd] Else Text Else [ns] [ns] [fath] [fath] [ s] [micros] [rd] [rd] [ms] [ms] [mile] [mile] To To [s] [s] [n mile] [n_mile] Step Step [min] [min] [acre] [acre] [ha] IfEnd For Next IfEnd For Next [h] [h] [ha] While While [day] [day] [cm2] [cm^2] WhileEnd WhileEnd [week] [week] [m2] [m^2] Do Do [km^2] [yr] [yr] [km2] [s-yr] [s-yr] [in2] [in^2] Return Return [t-yr] [t-yr] [ft2] [ft^2] Bre
Command Med-Med Text Command Med-Med ab/c Text ab/c Quad Quad d/c d/c Cubic Cubic FuncOff FuncOff Quart Quart AxesOff AxesOff Log Log CoordOff CoordOff Exp(a·e^bx) Exp(ae^bx) LabelOff LabelOff Power Power DrawOff DrawOff 'Dec >&D S-WindAuto 'Hex >&H S-WindMan S-WindMan 'Bin >&B Resid-None Resid-None 'Oct >&O ExpReg(a·b^x) S-WindAuto ExpReg(ab^x) Resid-List Resid-List BG-None BG-Pict 'DMS >DMS BG-None 'a+bi >a+bi BG-Pict 'r∠ >re^Theta GridOff GridOff
Chapter 7 Spreadsheet 1. Spreadsheet Basics and the Function Menu Selecting S • SHT on the Main Menu will display a spreadsheet screen. Entering the S • SHT mode automatically creates a new spreadsheet file named “SHEET”. The spreadsheet screen shows a number of cells (squares) and the data contained in each cell. File name Shows as many characters as possible of the file name.
• {GRPH} ... Displays the following GRPH menu. (Same as in the STAT mode.) • {GPH1}/{GPH2}/{GPH3}/{SEL}/{SET} • {CALC} ... Displays the following CALC (statistical calculation) menu. (Same as in the STAT mode.) • {1VAR}/{2VAR}/{REG}/{SET} • {STO} ... Displays the following STO (store) submenu. • {VAR}/{LIST}/{FILE}/{MAT} • {RCL} ... Displays the following RCL (recall) submenu. • {LIST}/{FILE}/{MAT} • Data Entry Function Menu • {GRAB} ... Enters the GRAB mode for entering a cell reference name. • {$} ...
u To save a file under a new name 1. Press 1(FILE)3(SV • AS). 2. On the dialog box that appears, enter up to eight characters for the new file name, and then press w. • If a file already exists with the same file name you enter in step 2, a message will appear asking if you want to replace the existing file with the new one. Press 1(Yes) to replace the existing file, or 6(No) to cancel the save operation and return to the file name input dialog box in step 2. u To delete a file 1. Press 1(FILE)2(OPEN). 2.
u To save spreadsheet contents as a CSV file 1. If required, press 1(FILE)4(RECAL) to recalculate the spreadsheet contents. • Note that recalculation is not performed automatically when you save spreadsheet contents to a CSV file. Be sure to perform recalculation if the spreadsheet contains a formula, which starts with an equals symbol (=). See “Inputting a Formula into a Cell” (page 7-9) for more information. • Formulas are not saved to the CSV file. Only calculation results are saved.
k Using the Cell Cursor The cell cursor shows the cell that is selected on a spreadsheet. The highlighted cell is the one that is currently selected by the cell cursor. Cell cursor Edit box When a single cell is selected by the cell cursor, the contents of that cell are displayed in the edit box. The cell contents can be edited in the edit box. When a multiple cells are selected by the cell cursor, the selection range is displayed in the edit box.
u Using the JUMP Command to Move the Cell Cursor To move the cell cursor to here: Do this: A particular cell 1. Press 2(EDIT)4(JUMP)1(GO). 2. On the dialog box that appears, enter the name of the cell (A1 to Z999) to which you want to jump. 3. Press w. Line 1 of the current column Press 2(EDIT)4(JUMP)2(TOP↑). Column A of the current row Press 2(EDIT)4(JUMP)3(TOP←). Last line of the current column Press 2(EDIT)4(JUMP)4(BOT↓). Column Z of the current row Press 2(EDIT)4(JUMP)5(BOT→).
u To edit cell data 1. Move the cell cursor to the cell whose contents you want to edit. 2. Press 2(EDIT)3(CELL). • Cell contents in the edit box will change from align left to align right. A text cursor will appear in the edit box so you can edit its contents. 3. Use e and d to move the cursor around the contents of the cell, and edit them as required. • To cancel an edit operation part way through at any point before advancing to step 4 below, press J.
Item Description Expr Input the function expression f(x) for generating the number sequence. Example: a5(U-Z)4(X)x+bw (X2 + 1) Var Input the variable name used in the function expression input for Expr. Example: a5(U-Z)4(X)w (X) Start Input the starting value (X1) of the value to be substituted for the variable specified by Var. Example: cw End Input the ending value (Xn) of the value to be substituted for the variable specified by Var.
k Inputting a Formula into a Cell For the sake of example, let’s try making a table that contains data based on the formula × = . To do this, we would put values in column A, values in column B, and calculation formulas (like = A1 × B1, = A2 × B2, and so on) in column C. If the Auto Calc feature is enabled (On), the values in column C would be recalculated and updated any time we change the values in column A or B.
u To input a cell reference name using direct input Move the cell cursor to cell B1 and then perform the following operation. a6(SYBL)5(=)J1(A-E)1(A)b+fw u To input a cell reference name using the GRAB command Move the cell cursor to cell B1 and then perform the following operation. a6(SYBL)5(=)JJ1(GRAB)d1(SET)+fw • Commands 2(GO) through 6(BOT→) on the submenu that appears when you press 1(GRAB) are identical to commands 1(GO) through 5(BOT→) of the JUMP command submenu.
k Copying and Pasting Cell Contents You can copy the contents of one or more cells and paste them into another location. Once you perform the copy operation, you can copy the contents to multiple locations, if you want. u To copy and paste spreadsheet data 1. Select the cell(s) you want to copy. • See “To select cells” (page 7-5) for more information. 2 Press 2(EDIT)2(COPY). • This will go into paste standby for the selected data, indicated by the 1 menu item changing to (PASTE).
Cutting the B1:C1 range of cells that includes the formula =B1+5 and pasting it into B2:C2. The formula pasted into C2 is changed to =B2+5 in order to maintain the relationship with the cell to the left, which was also part of the pasted range. u To cut and paste spreadsheet data 1. Select the cell(s) you want to cut. • See “To select cells” (page 7-5) for more information. 2 Press 2(EDIT)1(CUT). • This will go into paste standby for the selected data, indicated by the 1 menu item changing to (PASTE).
u To input the same formula into a range of cells 1. Select the range of cells into which you want to input the same formula. • In this example we will assume the B1:B3 is selected. See “To select a range of cells” (page 7-6). 2 Press 2(EDIT)6(g)1(FILL). 3. On the Fill screen that appears, enter the formula you want to input. You can input data for the item that is highlighted on the screen. This is the range of cells you selected in step 1.
1. Select one or more cells inside the row(s) or column(s) you want to delete. • If you want to delete lines 2 through 4, for example, you could select A2:B4, C2:C4, or any other range of cells that includes the lines to be deleted. • If you want to delete columns A and B, for example, you could select A1:B1, A2:B4, etc. 2. Press 3(DEL). • This enters delete standby. If you decide you want to cancel the delete operation at this time, press J. 3.
3. Using Special S • SHT Mode Commands The S • SHT mode has a number of special commands like CellSum(, which returns the sum of a range of cells, and CellIf(, which specifies branching conditions. These special commands can be used inside of formulas. k Special S • SHT Mode Command List “Input Key Operation” operations can be performed during cell input only. You can omit anything enclosed in brackets ([ ]) in the Syntax of each command.
CellProd( (Product of Cells) Returns the product of the data in a specified range of cells. Input Key Operation: 5(CEL)6(Prod) Syntax: CellProd(start cell:end cell[)] Example: =CellProd(B3:B5) Returns the product of the data in cell range B3:B5. k S • SHT Mode Command Example This example inputs the special S • SHT mode formula CellSum( into cell C1 in order to calculate the sum of all the data in cell range A1:B5. It is assumed that there is already data in the cell range A1:B5. 1.
k Example of Statistical Graph Operations (GRPH Menu) Input the following data and draw a statistical graph (scatter plot in this example). 0.5, 1.2, 2.4, 4.0, 5.2 (x-axis data) –2.1, 0.3, 1.5, 2.0, 2.4 (y-axis data) u To input data and draw a statistical graph (scatter plot) 1. Input the statistical calculation data into the spreadsheet. • Here we will input the x-axis data into column A, and the y-axis data into column B. 2. Select the range of cells you want to graph (A1:B5). 3.
• The number of columns you select in step 1 will determine what information is input automatically on the general graph settings screen. If you select this number of columns: This information will be input automatically: 1 XCellRange 2 XCellRange, YCellRange 3 XCellRange, YCellRange, Frequency • The following describes each of the setting items for this screen. Item Description StatGraph1 Select the name of the setup you want.
u To perform paired-variable statistical calculations and regression calculations 1. Input the above x-data into cells A1:A5 of the spreadsheet and the y-data into cells B1:B5, and then select the range of the cells where you input the data (A1: B5). 2. Press 6(g)2(CALC) to display the CALC menu, and then press 2(2VAR). • This will display a screen of paired variable calculation results based on the data you selected in step 1. Use e and d to scroll the result screen. To close the screen, press J.
• The following describes each of the setting items for this screen. Item Description 1Var XCell 1Var Freq The cell range data specified here is used for variable x and Frequency values when performing single-variable statistical calculations. 2Var XCell 2Var YCell 2Var Freq The cell range data specified here is used for variable x, variable y, and Frequency values when performing paired-variable statistical calculations. 3.
5. S • SHT Mode Memory You can use the calculator’s different types of memory (variables, list memory, file memory, matrix memory) to store data, and recall data from a memory into the spreadsheet. k Saving Spreadsheet Data to a Memory The following table shows an overview of the store operations for each type of memory. For details about each operation, see the example operations following the table.
4. Input the List number (1 to 26) of the list memory where you want to store the data and then press w. • Performing the next step will overwrite any data currently stored under the list memory number you specified here with the data in the range of cells specified by “CellRange”. 5. Press 6(EXE) or the w key to store the data. k Recalling Data from Memory to a Spreadsheet The following table shows an overview of the recall operations for each type of memory.
Chapter 8 Memory Manager Your calculator has two memory areas: Main Memory and Storage Memory. The main memory is a work area where you can input data, perform calculations, and run programs. Data in the main memory is relatively safe, but it can be deleted by batteries going dead or when you perform a full reset. The storage memory uses “flash memory,” so data is safe even when power is interrupted.
• Use the cursor f and c keys to move the highlighting and check the number of bytes used by each type of data. • Line 7 shows how many bytes of memory are currently unused in the currently selected memory (main, storage, or SD card). • On the main memory screen, < > indicates a data group. On the storage memory and SD card screens, [ ] indicates folders.
Data Name Contents Spreadsheet group Each spreadsheet name Spreadsheet data V-Window memory group V-WIN n (n = 1 to 6) V-Window memory Storage Memory, SD Card*1 Data Name Contents *.g1m or .g2m file names Data items listed in the Main Memory table that has been copied to storage memory or an SD card. The names of these files have the extension “.g1m” or “.g2m”. Folder names Enclosed in square brackets ([ ]). Unknown Area that is unusable due to writing error, etc.
• Selecting a folder stored in a level three folder and then performing the delete operation (page 8-7) will delete the selected (level 4) folder and everything inside it. u To rename a folder 1. On the storage memory or SD card memory information screen, select the folder you want to rename. 2. Press 5(RN • F) to display the rename folder screen. • From here, perform the procedure from step 2 under “To create a new folder”.
k Copying Data u To copy from main memory to storage memory Note • The following procedure saves the selected data into a single file. You assign a name to the file, which is stored in storage memory. 1. On the main memory data information screen, select the data you want to copy. 2. Press 2(COPY). • This displays the storage memory/SD card selection screen.*1 3. Press b to select storage memory or c*2 to select SD card. • This displays the folder selection screen. 4.
k Error Checks During Data Copy The following error checks are performed while a data copy operation is being executed. Low battery check The calculator performs low battery check before starting the data copy operation. If the battery is at Level 1, a low battery error occurs and the copy operation is not performed. Available memory check The calculator checks to see if there is enough free memory available to store the copied data. A “Memory Full” error occurs if there is not enough memory available.
k Deleting Files u To delete a main memory file 1. Display the main memory information screen. • See “Memory Information Screen” on page 8-1. 2. Select the file(s) you want to delete. You can select multiple files, if you want. 3. Press 6(DEL). • Press 1(Yes) to delete the file. • Press 6(No) to cancel the delete operation. u To delete a storage memory file 1. Display the storage memory information screen. • See “Memory Information Screen” on page 8-1. 2. Select the file(s) you want to delete.
• The first file name that begins with the letter “S” appears highlighted on display. • You can input up to eight characters for the keyword. u To search for a file in the storage memory Example To search for all files in the storage memory whose names begin with the letter “S” 1. Display the storage memory information screen. • See “Memory Information Screen” on page 8-1. 2. Press 3(SRC). • Input the letter “S” for the keyword.
k Backing Up Main Memory Data u To back up main memory data 1. On the initial MEMORY mode screen press 4(BKUP). 2. Press 1(SAVE). This displays the save location selection screen. • b ... storage memory • c ... SD card 3. Press b or c. This displays a folder selection screen. 4. Use f and c to select the folder where you want to save the data and then press 1(OPEN). 5. Press 1(SAVE) to start the backup. • Backup data is saved in a file named BACKUP.g2m.
2. Press 2(LOAD). This displays the restore source data selection screen. • b ... Restore from storage memory • c ... Restore from SD card 3. Press b or c. This displays the folder selection screen. 4. Use f and c to select a folder and then press 1(OPEN). 5. Press 1(LOAD).*1 • A message appears to confirm whether or not you really want to restore the backed up data. *1 The message “No Data” will appear if there is no backup data stored in memory. Pressing J will return the screen in step 1.
3. Press b or c to start optimization. The message “Complete!” appears when the optimize operation is complete. Press J to return to the initial MEMORY mode screen. • In some cases, the amount of free memory capacity may be unchanged when you check it after performing the optimization procedure. This does not indicate any problem with the calculator.
Chapter 9 System Manager Use the System Manager to view system information and make system settings. 1. Using the System Manager From the Main Menu, enter the SYSTEM mode and display the following menu items. • 1( ) ... {display contrast adjustment} • 2( ) ... {Auto Power Off time setting} • 3(LANG) ... {system language} • 4(VER) ... {version} • 5(RSET) ... {system reset operations} • 6(g)1(BATT) ... {battery settings} • 6(g)5(OS) ... {OS update} 2.
u To specify the backlight key 1. While the initial SYSTEM mode screen is displayed, press 2( Properties setting screen. ) to display the Power 2. Use f and c to select “Backlight Setting”. • 1(LIGHT) ... {Backlight on/off: !a(LIGHT)} • 2(ANY) ... {Backlight on: Any key} 3. Press J or !J(QUIT) to return to the initial SYSTEM mode screen. u To specify the backlight duration 1. On the initial SYSTEM mode screen, press 2( screen. ) to display the Power Properties setting 2.
2. Use f and c to scroll the screen. The contents of the list are shown below. - Operating system version - Message languages and versions - User name 3. Press J or !J(QUIT) to return to the initial SYSTEM mode screen. u To register a user name 1. While the Version list is displayed, press 1(NAME) to display the user name input screen. 2. Input up to eight characters for the user name you want. 3. After inputting the name, press w to register it, and return to the Version list.
4. A message appears to let you know when the reset operation is complete. Screen produced when 2(MAIN) is pressed in step 2. Screen produced when 2(MAIN) is pressed in step 2. k Battery Settings Important! Whenever you replace batteries, be sure to perform the operation below to specify the type of batteries you are loading. u To change the battery type 1. From the initial SYSTEM mode screen, press 6(g)1(BATT). 2.
Chapter 10 Data Communication This chapter explains how to transfer data between a calculator and a computer. 1. Establishing a Connection between the Calculator and a Personal Computer Establishing a USB connection between the calculator and a computer will cause the computer to recognize the calculator’s storage memory as a mass storage drive. After a connection is established, data can be transferred between the calculator and computer using computer operations only.
4. After starting up your computer, use the USB cable to connect it to the calculator. • The calculator will turn on automatically and the “Select Connection Mode” screen will appear. 5. Press 1(USB Flash). • The message “Preparing USB” will appear on the calculator screen. Stand by and do not perform any operation on the calculator. Establishing a connection between the calculator and a computer will cause the screen shown nearby to appear. 6.
• Mac OS: Drag the “Untitled” drive icon to the Eject icon (Trash icon). Check to make sure that the “Untitled” drive icon is no longer on your desktop. 3. The message “Updating Main Memory” will appear on the calculator screen. Stand by and do not perform any operation on the calculator. The message “Complete!” will appear after updating of main memory is complete. To close the message dialog box, press J. 4. Disconnect the USB cable from the calculator. 2.
Note • Copying a file to the storage memory can cause the connection between the calculator and computer to be dropped. If this happens, enter the MEMORY mode and execute an Optimize operation (page 8-10), and then re-establish a connection between the calculator and computer. k Editing Program Data on a Computer You can perform an operation on the calculator to convert programs you create with it to text file data, which you can then edit on a computer.
k USB Connection Precautions • Depending on the operating system your computer is running, perform one of the following operations on the computer to terminate a connection with the calculator. - Windows: Click the “Safely Remove Hardware” icon in the task tray in the lower right corner of the display. On the menu that appears, select “USB mass storage device”. Check to make sure the “Safe To Remove Hardware” message is displayed. - Mac OS: Drag the “Untitled” drive icon to Trash.
Chapter 11 Using SD Cards and SDHC Cards This calculator supports use of SD memory cards and SDHC memory cards. In this manual, all mentions of “SD card” refer to both SD memory cards and SDHC memory cards. You can use SD cards to store calculator data. You can copy main memory and storage memory data to and from an SD card. Important! • Use only an SD memory card or SDHC memory card. Operation is not guaranteed when another type of memory card is used.
2. With the front of the SD card facing upwards (in the direction of the display side of the calculator), slide the card into the calculators slot as shown in the illustration below. Front Back 3. Replace the SD card cap and close it securely. Important! • Splash resistance, dust resistance, and shock resistance are maximized while the SD card cap is fully and securely closed. • Even a slight amount of foreign matter (a single hair, speck of dust, etc.
2. Formatting an SD Card • Use the procedure under “Reset” (page 9-3) to format an SD card. 3. SD Card Precautions during Use • SD card problems can normally be corrected by reformatting the card. However, it is always a good idea to take along more than one SD card to avoid data storage problems. • Card formatting (initialization) is recommended before using a new SD card for the first time. • If an SD card has been formatted on a computer or other device, you can use it as-is without reformatting.
Appendix 1. Power Supply This calculator is powered by four AAA-size alkaline batteries LR03 (AM4), or four nickel-metal hydride batteries. If the following message appears on the display, immediately turn off the calculator and replace the batteries as instructed. If you try to continue using the calculator, it will automatically turn off in order to protect memory contents. You will not be able to turn power back on until you replace batteries.
• Do not expose batteries to direct heat, let them become shorted, or try to take them apart. (Should a battery leak, clean out the battery compartment of the calculator immediately, taking care to avoid letting the battery fluid come into direct contact with your skin.) Keep batteries out of the reach of small children. If swallowed, consult with a physician immediately.
6. Replace the battery compartment cover. While pressing down on the cover, rotate the center knob to the right. Important! • You may not be able to rotate the center knob if you do not press down on the battery compartment cover as you do. • Splash resistance, dust resistance, and shock resistance are maximized while the battery compartment cover is fully and securely closed. • Even a slight amount of foreign matter (a single hair, speck of dust, etc.
2. Error Message Table Message Meaning Countermeasure Syntax ERROR • • Illegal syntax Attempt to input an illegal command • Press J to display the error and make necessary corrections. Ma ERROR • Calculation result exceeds the display range. Calculation is outside the input range of a function. Mathematical error (division by zero, etc.) Sufficient precision could not be obtained for Σ calculation, differential calculation, etc. Solution could not be obtained for equation calculation, etc.
Message Meaning Countermeasure Range ERROR • The spreadsheet cell range was exceeded by paste, recall, or other cell operation. • Repeat the procedure taking care that the cell range is not exceeded. Condition ERROR • Execution of a calculation or function before all conditions required for execution are met. • Check the conditions and make any necessary corrections.
Message Time Out Meaning • Countermeasure A Solve calculation or integration calculation was unable to satisfy convergence conditions. • • If you are performing a Solve calculation, try changing to the initial default estimated value. If you are performing an integration calculation, try changing to a larger tol value. Circular ERROR • There is a circular reference (such as “=A1” in cell A1) in the spreadsheet. • Change cell contents to remove the circular references.
Message Meaning Countermeasure Sub-folders in this folder cannot be displayed • In the MEMORY mode, a level 3 nested storage memory folder is displayed, and it contains a level 4 nested folder. (The level 4 folder will be displayed, but it cannot be opened.) • Use your computer*1 to store all files you want to access in the top three folder nesting levels. File System ERROR • The calculator memory file system is corrupted or the storage memory format is one that cannot be read by the calculator.
3. Input Ranges Function sinx cosx tanx Input range for real number solutions (DEG) |x| < 9 × (109)° (RAD) |x| < 5 × 107πrad (GRA) |x| < 1 × 1010grad sin–1x cos–1x |x| < 1 tan x |x| < 1 × 10 sinhx coshx |x| < 230.9516564 tanhx |x| < 1 ×10 sinh–1x |x| < 1 × 10100 cosh–1x 1 < x < 1 × 10100 tanh–1x |x| < 1 –1 Internal digits 15 digits Precision As a rule, precision is ±1 at the 10th digit.* " " " " " " " " " " " " • Complex numbers can be used as arguments.
Input range for real number solutions Function ° ’” ←⎯ ° ’” Internal digits Precision 15 digits As a rule, precision is ±1 at the 10th digit.* |a|, b, c < 1 × 10100 0 < b, c |x| < 1 × 10100 Sexagesimal display: |x| < 1 × 107 Notes x > 0: ^(xy) –1 × 10100 < ylogx < 100 x=0:y>0 m x < 0 : y = n, –––– 2n+1 (m, n are integers) However; –1 × 10100 < y log |x| < 100 " " • Complex numbers can be used as arguments.
4. Specifications Variables: 28 Calculation range: ±1 × 10–99 to ±9.999999999 × 1099 and 0. Internal operations use 15-digit mantissa. Exponential display range: Norm 1: 10–2 > |x|, |x| > 1010 Norm 2: 10–9 > |x|, |x| > 1010 Program capacity: 62,000 bytes (max.) Storage memory capacity: 1MB (max.) Power supply: Four AAA-size batteries (LR03 (AM4)), or four nickel-metal hydride batteries Power consumption: 0.
* Battery life can be reduced dramatically by the conditions described below. - Continuous program calculation execution - Manufacturer and type of battery used, differences between individual batteries - Operating conditions (applications used) - Calculator settings (backlight duration) - SD memory card manufacturer, type, and usage conditions (SD memory card access frequency) Auto power off: Power is automatically turned off approximately 10 minutes or 60 minutes after last operation.
5. Preset Programs Your calculator includes preset programs for performing civil engineering and surveying calculations. These preset programs can be run, edited, and deleted, the same way as programs created by you. Note • For information about the procedures required to run, edit, and delete programs, refer to Chapter 6 of this manual. • Each program uses variables (A through Z) when running. Note that running a program may replace the value currently assigned to a variable with a different one.
Program name: ANGLE Program name: DECENTER Function: Bearing Angle Function: Decentering X P γ (XP, YP) S A S′ l A e (XA, YA) α P′ Input: (XA, YA), (XP, YP) Output: α, l Formula: (l, α) = Pol(XP – XA, YP – YA) Program name: TRAVERSE Input: α, e, S′ Output: γ, S ´ ¥ e sin § Sa – e cos ¶ S = Sa2 + e2 – 2Sae cos Formula: γ = tan–1 Function: Traverse Calculation Program name: MID-ORD X AO (XO, YO) (XP, YP) A Function: Middle Ordinate B I lO M2 l (XA, YA) Input: (XA, YA), αO,
XM = X – R sin τ Program name: S-CURVE YM = Y + R cos τ Function: Single Curve IP TL I CL SL D EC C S = X2 + Y 2 Y δ = tan–1 X BC R Input: TL = X – Y cot τ l M BC TK = Y cosec τ I, R, l Output (and Function): Program name: V-CURVE I 2 180° P Function: Vertical Curve TL = R tan l δ= 2R i1 x l2 P 180° I C = 2R Ƹ sin 2 I ¥ ´ SL = R §sec 2 – 1¶ I´ ¥ M = R §1 – cos 2 ¶ l CL = R Ƹ I Ƹ R Input: R \(i1) – (i2)\ 100 \(i ) – (i2)\ M= 1 l 800 \(i ) – (i2)\x2 y= 1 200l l= Function: Clot
Program name: BACKWARD Program name: INTSEC2 Function: Backward Intersection Function: Coordinates of intersection X (X1, Y1) (X4, Y4) (XB, YB) B (XA, YA) A (xP, yP) lB lA G (X3, Y3) P (XP, YP) Input: (XA, YA), lA, (XB, YB), lB Input: (X1, Y1), (X2, Y2), (X3, Y3), (X4, Y4) However, you need to input a value in the following range: 0° < γ < 180° Output: (xP, yP) (XP, YP) Output: (X2, Y2) Formula: xP = nX3 – mX1 + Y1 – Y3 n–m Formula: XP = YP = yP = m(xP – X1) + Y1 XA cot + XB cot
Program name: TRIANGLE Program name: STADIA Function: Area of Triangle Function: Stadia Calculation Y (X3, Y3) l F i c (X2, Y2) (X1, Y1) X (X1, Y1), (X2, Y2), (X3, Y3) Output: S A Input: Output: Formula: 1 Kl sin 2α + C sin α 2 However, 0° α 90° Function: Area of Quadrangle Y (X3, Y3) (X2, Y2) X (X1, Y1), (X2, Y2), (X3, Y3), (X4, Y4) Output: S Formula: S=© © (X1 – X2)(Y3 – Y1) + (X1 – X3)(Y4 – Y2) + (X1 – X4)(Y1 – Y3) ¸ ¸ 2 Program name: HERON Function: Heron Formula c a b Inp
Canadian Regulatory Information Information concernant la Réglementation Canadienne This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003. Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada. Manufacturer: CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD. 6-2, Hon-machi 1-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8543, Japan Responsible within the European Union: CASIO EUROPE GmbH Casio-Platz 1, 22848 Norderstedt, Germany This mark applies in EU countries only.
CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD. 6-2, Hon-machi 1-chome Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8543, Japan One or more of the following patents may be used in the product. U.S.Pats. 5,539,867 SA1807-C © 2014 CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.
