CASIO PB-700 RSY TRIP T Heine's how Casio opens up the to help you in more ways than
INTRODUCTION The PB-700, a practical personal computer that can be easily carried anywhere in your bag, provides the same functions as a conventional table top personal computer because It has a large RAM capacity which can be expanded 1o a maximum of 186K bytes. In other words, it allows about 15,000 characters to be stored which provides an adequate capacity for regular personal programming.
cO TENTS CONTENTS curler GENERAL GUIDE 38 PROGRAM EXECUTION 46 112 3.9 DISPLAY SCREEN CONFIGURATION . 48 15 BATTERY MAINTENANCE 310 REPEATING A SPECIFIED NUMBER OF TIMES . 50 1.4 RAM EXPANSION PACK (OPTIONAL ..ot 4 3 . SUM TOTAL PROGRAMMING 54 15 EACH SECTION'S NOMENCLATURE AND . FI2 CHARACTER VARIABLES RN : 313 WHAT (5 A DIMENSION? 16 TEST OPERATION 314 NUMERICAL ARRAY VARIABLES 395 NUMERICAL ARRAY PROGRAMMING 316 CHARACTER ARRAY VARIABLES 74 ch Apter 2 KEY OPERATION AND 3.
CONTENTS crater 4 COMMAND REFERENCE COMMAND, STATEMENT AND BUILTIN FUNCTION TABLE 41 4-2 MANUAL COMMANDS . CONT LOAD VERIFY i e PROGRAM COMMANDS .. ..
CONTENTS IN KEYS 4.5 DISPLAY FUNCTIONS oo POINT ch Apter S PROGRAM LIBRARY STOCK PRICE MANAGEMENT AND PROPER SELLING/BUYING PRICES L 274 TELEPHONE DIRECTORY SCROTAL o v e 188 VARIQUSGRAPHMAKING .. i 296 WORLD STANDARD TIME vy 303 crater @ REFERENCE MATERIAL 61 COMMANDEER TABLE oooiiioanins 308 62 ERROR MESSAGE TABLE.. .
THE PB-700 AND OTHER CASIO PERSONAL COMPUTERS The PB-700 is a high class PB Series computer which is provided with considerable BASIC commands as well as a large display window ang memory capacity that are adequate for small to medium work require meets as shown below, Also, the optional plotter-printer with cassette interface can expand PR 700 functions for graph preparation and hobby Wse as an attractive feature, Model RAM Capacity Characteristics .
+1 PRIOR TO OPERATION 42 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AND CONNECTIONS This computer was delivered 1o you through Casinos strict testing process, high level electronics technology, and strict quality control. To ensure a long life for your computer, please observe the following: precautions, W Utilization Precautions @ Since this computer is constructed with precision electronic come opponents, never attempt to disassemble . Also special cars should be taken so that it is not damaged by bending or dropping.
3 BATTERY MAINTENANCE Sr Rt Ml Battery Insertion Turn the BBZ00 power off, then turn over the main frame and open the battery compartment holiday sliding it {Fig. 1). Install the Batteries so that the minus side is at the spring-side of the main frame {Fig. 2. Be sure to insert them with correct polar he ties —} to prevent the possibility of battery burst, Four AA size batteries are used, Do not use Fig 1 old and new batteries together because the battery life will be considerably shortened.
14 RAM EXPANSION PACK (OPTIONAL) Fig. 1 After turning off the power. If the RAM capacity of the PB.T0U is not expanded, the basic capacity ls 4K by leg The RAM capacity can be expanded up 1o 4 RAM Expansion Packs, bytes. They are installed by the following price. dues. Insert the RAM Expansion (1) Tuns off the power of the PB-700. Pack as.
1-6 TEST OPERATION This is a demonstration program to show {though roughly) the function of PB-700.
2-1 KEY FUNCTIONS IN THE DIRECT MODE Bty When a key sentry is made in the direct mode, the input of the character ar function on the key top is.accomplished.
2-4 EDITING AND SPECIAL KEY FUNCTIONS s, Meg. .. (SPACE] Blank entry in all key modes. o). {Clear screenshot) Clears the display and moves the cursor to the top left of the display. ) B8 only moves the cursor to the beginning of a statemented while the display remains {Deleterious) Deletes a character or symbol where the cursor Is located, and moves the character or symbol at the bight of the cursor to the left, . moves the character or symbol at the right of cursory to the right and inserts a blank.
CHAPTER 2 KEY OPERATION ARD DISPLAY. Safaris N A W Examples 1. common +Y¥? vy xy Remainder of § a.5™e @500 2.8552 ?8.5M8-2 8.570.5 2725 1@ MO0 B -12 MO0 6 1B MOD=6 ~1GMOD B ey (XYY 2 > X2 CRY YN E —wAp ROD Y » Q7BTI0BT7BIR M& error @707 TIBET MA error BT 26 CALCULATION FUNCTIONS B Relational Operators Correlational operators can only be used in an IF statement (see page 194}, = Equal << Nonlegal < Installer S Larger . Either larger than or squeal to. Either smaller than or equal to.
2-6 VARIABLES B Kinds of Variables The kinds of PB-700 variables are as follows. {1} Numerical varieties Numerical fixed variables {up to 12 digits) Numerical registered variables {up to 12 digits) Numerical array variables {Half-precision numerical array: up to § digits, Single-precision numerical array: up to 12 digits).
2-7 DISPLAY SCREEN M Character Coordinates Twenty characters horizontally and four character lines vertically fit in the display window Character locations are expressed by a LOCATE statement with the following coordinates. x 2@ characters lines LOCATE (X, . oun. 502 LOCATE. Based on the coordinates mentioned above, 222 characters in the charades ter code table {see page 321) can be displayed. B Graphic Coordinates The display can be specified with dot units based on the coordinates shown below.
3-1 BASIC A o, ‘You have probably heard or seen the word BASIC. Although BASIC is an acronym for Beginner’s Purposeless Symbolic Instruction Code, it actually could be interpreted as a Basic language; a5 the word means, Whatever Its Interpretation is, BASIC is 4 sophisticated programming language that beginners can easily learn; laid 18 an appropriate computer guide as the word indicates.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC REFERENCE Since-the PB-T00 provides many different functions such as powers trigonometric functions, Inverse trigonometric functions, logarithmic functions, stc. besides the foul calculation Unctions -, %, complex calculations can be performed by changing the format slightly if necessary. [Numerical Expression] [input Format] EXEC = B%xe/2 B 6.5° =» 85~ HE SNIPS L COS 8O o retsina + 008 6O)/ TAN 48 FTH TANS P 33 VARIABLES AND ASSIGNMENT Now let’s try another calculation.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC REFERENCE # How @ and & Differ Another important item is your understanding of the difference In fhe functions of the B and @] keys. It should be noted that the @] key is used for A = 176 and the 8] key Is used to display the value of Aldo the previous operations. The R key Is used the same as the keys on 2 normal calculator gush as For displaying an answer, This is called manual calculation, On the other hand, the @} (Return] key I8 used to execute the ins trug. sons of 2 BASIC program.
3-6 PROGRAM ENTRY Before you understand programming, it Is necessary o make corridor program’ entries. First.you have to know the alphabetical keys. Howe ever, you will become accustomed to them singe they have the mdse layout as-a typewriter. To input 2 program, perform the following operations, Specifics the program area PB. mEE 6 —n Erases the program steed Clears the screen.
CHAPTER 3§ "BASIL” REFERENCE. After this entry is made, 7 _ enter is displayed. __ is called a cursor, Now. 8.5 and the next display should appear. their 1s 2 program input mistake with Sz} make a mistake concerning the difference of 1 it doss not appear, check careful notional @ and O, and Van Value of one side s 8.5, | . Reals 72.25.
3-7 BASIC PROGRAMMING [2] The basis for BASIC is further understood by entering a program wick [sties basic commands. The following program. provides multiples of specified numerical values from @ 10 209, 18 REM MULTIPLE « o Press the key at the end of each like: . 26 a=5g0 3 INPUT NUMBER" N @) 4@ p=a+l @) 5@ B=pka @l 6 1F B)20D THEN 188 72 PRINT B: ) 88 INPUT ¥ &) 38 GOT 48 @) 109 ENp @) After completing the program input, press the ) key while pressing the key.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIL REFERENCE 5] 50 Sanka This i5 an assignment statement the same as ling 40 which Nisan insisting. son to assign the value the numerical variable 8, When thug line is first executed, 1 has been assigned 1o A by the execution of line 40. An‘optional numerical value has been assigned to M by the execution of (NUT on line 30.
CHAPTER'3 "BASIC” REFERENCE Le's observe the program Low as shown in the flow chart below.
3-8 PROGRAM EXECUTION Now the program that was input has been checked. Did you operate thy keys as requested? Do vou underside how a BASIC program is parsed? Press the @] key. Let’s execute this program. Press the B® key and the B8 key first. Then enter the program execution command 800 & & the P area, £ functions the same as RUN. if program input has been correctly performed, tha following is dis. played. i RUN | NUMBER 7 The input of the value to be multiplied is requested.
3-9 DISPLAY SCREEN CONFIGURATION iy Now, let’s learn the techniques of the screen display control by changing the multiples computation program on line 70 that was already entered the following display appear 7 7§ PRINT B SSE gaps 208 Let’s display variable A which is used as the program satrap counted 3t the same time.
3410 REPEATING A SPECIFIED NUMBER OF TIMES In 2 program, it is often necessary for some task to be repeatedly axg cited (called a routine} a certain specified number of dimes.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC REFERENCE [3] 30 PRINT CHRIS (138} PRINT CHRIS (138) Soe page 266 Display HRS indicates character dollar 135, Number codes from 9 1o 255 ‘are used to indicate ali the characters and keys {characters) that can be used. {See the Table on page 321.) Since 2 display of “H cannot be entered directly by key input, it is fetched by specifying HRS | 1.
TOTAL PROGRAMMING Iy The FOR/NEXT command s hard to understand unless you be cine used to it. Let’s prepare another program to become familiar with this command. Let’s determine the program area for inputting the following prognosis. It is ass timed to be P4..
CHAPTER 3 "BASIC! REFERENCE This has been arranged 1o be placed in ons program. 18 CLEAR 2@ INPUT “NUMBER OF ARTICLES™:N 38 FOR GOURD 508 ‘ FLORINE poof. Repeats N times. 5@ NEXT A et 68 PRINT “TOTAL: TABLE Y 78 END S92 PRINT A:; TASTILY; "UNIT 518 PRINT 3 TA BIB "QUANTITY® i 528 PRINT "SURTOTALUiBXC:BEEP 1 ! 538 4 548 RETURN { © Subroutine Since this program has many modifications compared with the precious program that was rearranged by using the EDIT mods, input toh program in a new program area.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC™ REFERENCE In this case, since a large memory capacity s assumed, only data.can be entered (see page 77). The declaration method is as follow (called & defined-length character array). DM F8 (B80) % 3@ Maximum characters per variable Number of data Character variable | o be used ‘ Memory can be saved as shown in the right figure which allows the number of data [rems entered 1 be increased.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC” REFERENCE ® Multidimensional Arrays To enter many data items, the method of (2} is used. This is called ans. dimensional array which means that data are arrayed In one variance o name. by bidirectionally placing numbers. In the figure, although iy numbers used are 8—4, up to 256 shelves from address § 10 addressee can be actually set up. When such a data array s used, it is necessary 1o reserve memory stitching the maximum number of storage shelves in the variable name AS, Office.
3-14 NUMERICAL ARRAY VARIABLES RS S A numerical array variable indicates variable utilization when a rigging) value is placed on a storage shelf (array} that was analyzed in the pre vinous section. An array that arranges many data items in one variable name is called an array variable. I the storage shelf example of the previous section, AS, BS, and C§ are the array variables.
CHAPTER 3 "BASIC” REFERENCE # Knowledge Concerning A Numerical Value Used For An As ray Variable It is certain that the method in which Numerical data Is stored o an array storage shelf has been understood based on the explanation ‘mep toned before. What restrictions o S are there on numerical values that can be entered in array variables? The important thing is that a 12 digit integer and a 2 digit exponent tan be entered in one array variable.
CHAPTER & “BASIC” REFERENCE w Viewpoints of half-precision and single-precision in a8 two-dimensional array The viewpoint is exactly the same as that for the previously mentions one-dimensional array. An example of the storage shelf is as shown . If the numerical array variable is A, the declaration is as follows. Din Al DIAM (5,7} L. Half-precision, Single-precision. {7} Hal-precision two-dimensional numerical array and @ single-precision two-dimensional numerical array.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC” REFERENCE Let’s prepare a program for dais input to each column explained of the flow chart CLEAR 2@ DM ATE) 82 FOR (=8¢ TO 8| 4@ INPUT AT LID) o NEXT I FOR-NEXT loop with this program, data can be entered to lines @3 of columnist however, how do you enter data to column A-27 because a method, in which input is only This is a proficient performed with the array & without using another variable, has to be found.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC” REFERENCE This is almost the same zs the horizontal subtotal method using 2 dogleg FOR-NEXT loop with a different sequence of variables {Loop control variables) | and |. Now, lat’s compile the total.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIL” REFERENCE B Horizontal Subtotal Display 219 FOR 1=8 70 N-1 228 PRINT ATTAINDER: 238 NEXT 1 perspire of 248 STOP | thug column The program stops once and confirms each horizontal subtotal. Ahoy execution shifts to the next Hne by entering Vertical Subtotal Display I 250 TUN 268 M T : 278 B et 288 END -l ee This displays the vertical subtotals.
3-16 CHARACTER ARRAY VARIABLES One dimensional and two-dimensional arrays can both be wsed.ifs character array variables into which characters can be entered, the same as for numerical array. variables. Also, imprecision and single-precision can be used in a character array variable which is useful for effective memory. utilization, the same as for a numerical array variable. Thingy the. proper use . of fixed-length character arrays and . defined-legging character arrays.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC REFERENCE 316 CHARACTER ARRAY VARIABLES ® Character Array Programming Exercise 18 CLEAR :CLS 28 DIM Prepare an array program with 3 arrays in which up to 18 characters tay bie stored respectively. Characters are to be entered by character codes To stop input in the middies, entered. When the entry for 3 arrays has been completed, all characters are displayed.
317 COMBINATION OF CHARACTER ARRAYS AND NUMERICAL ARRAYS In most cases when data is processed by preparing a vertical and Ky zonal table, a combination of character and numerical arrays is ¥ad In this case, characters and numerical values must be handled at the swami time as one data group. For example, in regard to a name and score, or the names of articles number of articles and an amount, characters and numerical values must be recalled atf the same time.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC” REFERENCE its form is basically as shown below.
3-18 HOW. TO MAKE A FLOWCHART R R ARy When a program Is being prepared, a flowchart is very convenient,and is useful even after & program has been prepared. After you have leases the. BASIC commands and have mastered the preparation of 2 sigh program, it is recommended that you always prepare 2 flowchart, The processing range and sequence of a long program can be clarify by making a flowchart which eliminates careless mistakes, exploitative processing, and incorrect processing.
CHAPTER 3 BASICALLY REFERENCE {1} Logic Flowcharts The overall task to be executed is roughly considered in flowchart preparation as follows. Data entry =+ Computation — Output s shown in the figure on the right. A logic flowchart functions as a preliminary step before preparing a detail flowchart, and s also used for a simple program Preparation {coding). {2} Dol flowcharts A detailed execution sequence of a task Is written in the form of instructions according to a logic Flowchart.
00 GRAPHIC COMMANDS AND SCREEN 3-19 PB-700 GRAPHIC FUNCTIONS COORDINATES The PB-700 has a large liquid crystal display (LCD) which displease Since drawing painters on the screen means the continuous connection characters x 4 lines, and also has 160 x 32 dots which allow feat L sy this can be performed byydfawmg dots at specific locations. displays.
CHARTER & “BASIC” REFERENCE Graphic coordinates consist of 5,128 dots with 160 dots Jn the. i son and 32 dots in the Y direction, In which the top left corner i screen s (B, ), and the bottom right corner is (159, 31} as Shawn & the figure on the last page.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC” REFERENCE ® A Program Tet Draws A Rectangle The following program draws a rectangle with the straight line (158, 28} as iis diagonal. 18 REM RECTANGLE 2e cLs 30 DRAMAMINE, B3~ (150,50~ (1808: 285~ (88, 28 =883 42 END # A Program That Draws An Equilateral Pentagon An equilateral polygon Is one that is inscribed inside a circle with each verier having legal spacing.
3-21 DRAWING A CURVE A curve can be drawn by specifying dot coordinates on the Stockton . However, the problem is how to specify the coordinates. Many different curves can be drawn by using mathematical affidavit Let’s draw a circle and SIN curve as follows. . = A Program That Draws A Circle The pattern comes closer to that of a circle as the N of the previous Bri gram fo draw an equilateral polygon is increased.
3-22 DRAWING A LINE GRAPH S T Although thees are many different kinds of grabs, a line graph is fay here as an example, Line graphs are often used when time variations are checked, sunlight temperature change for a certain period of time, stock price trendsetter. Therefore, it is recommended that the screen be Tull utilized a8 meh possible so that the change can be clearly seen.
3-23 PREPARATION FOR DRAWING A BAR GRAPH o, @ Drawing A Bar Graph By Using Characters When you execute the following program and enter the numerals fray number of — marks are displayed continuously. g Cue 28 INPUT "NE"IN 38 FOR PRINT CHRONICLE; -TEES {13115 the we mark, 58 NEXT 1 68 EMD A bar pattern is drawn with a length that IS proportional fo the numeral N, which is the principle of a bar graph.
3-24 TWO EXAMPLES OF BAR GRAPH PROGRAMS Bar graphs are often used to visualize the relative relationship of dray such ms the results for students or salesmen, production mound, sae for different articles, etc, However, since it is necessary to display the magnitude for hideaway stem correctly with the length of a bar, as well as a relative companion it is important to draw with a proper scale that is within the luminosity range of the screen.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC™ REFERENCE .25 ANIMATION DRAWING A 138 NEXT I . Waking Pictures Move 140 IF PINKEYE" THEN 148 when you-execute the following program, the % mark moves to the left 150 END right. 1668 DATABASE, 38208, 57200, 31180, 67208, 27506 i@ cLs 26 FOR 1=5 T0 15, Display Example . 39 LOCATE 151 | 45 PRINT * wn fathomless w right, NEXT FOR I=15 TO § STEP -1 \‘ [oat] 7@ LOCATE 151 | Moves from right sz RN 86 PRINT “% * 180 GOT 28 8@ NEXT I While ‘the control variable | s changed from line 20, the cursor
CHAPTER 3 "BASIC™” REFERENCE 79 FOR I=3 70 @ §TEP -1 88 LOCATE 18, I:PRINT "Xxu; 83 IF I=3 THEN 118 ms from : o up, 198 LOCATE 1@: v ¥ i 118 NEXT 1 ! 128 GOT 2@ ! # Changing The Speed If the % mark moves too fast in the above program, the speed is ton trotted by swing & FOR-NEXT statement, Execute the program after adding the following line to the program on the last page. 4% FOR J=1 TO SEXTING J When this statement s used, the speed of the movement from left o right becomes slightly slower.
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC™ REFERENCE 1ee Lines 3080 check whether dots are drawn or not on the first ling character coordinate, and if a dot is not drawn, line 50 causes the prg. gram 1o jump to line 70, If a dor is drawn, a dot is written at therapist Cc Ls PRINT "Xk BASIC FOR X=@ TG 158 FOR POINTS: YO =B THEN 78 DRACHMA Y+ 16D NEXT ¥ NEXT X IF END THEN 38 location on the third line by line 60, If the plotter-printer {FA-10} is provided, 2 hard copy of the entree display can be made.
CHAPTER 3 BASIC REFERENCE 282 390 460 410 426 432 448 456 468 478 480 45@ 588 518 528 5§36 S48 582 &l@ 628 630 Ve 1@ 728 758 748 82 IF X=16 THEN GO SUB 888 LOCATE R, PRINT ¥ ¥ IF X316 THEN 448 Guileful ka8 %8 Pointillist) IF P=1 THEM GOURD 70€ Kept Yell IF X»18 THEN BEEP :BEEP :BEEP ELS E 332 NEXT M CLS (LOCATE 2 L:PRINT "SCORE ": 8 FOR =i T &BEEP 1:NEXT 1 IF THEN 498 ELSE END LOCATE 37, REPRINT * v IF REBUKE THEN R=8 LOCATE CHR$C147); RETURN LOCATE IMPRINTER v v IF B> THEN R=3 LOCATE 17, R:PRINT CHR$C147);
3-27 DRAWING A PATTERN WITH THE PLOTTER-PRINTER B The plotter-printer with cassette interface (FA-10) can be connected 4 the PB-700, Although the plotter-printer can be used as a character printer, tight convenient for drawing patterns because it can create patterns by link which link one dot with another dot, while a dot printer prints chat caters or patterns by drawing teds.
CHAPTER S BASIC REFERENCE SPACE Specifies character spacing for a following digit and June. VERTICAL ar HORIZONTAL Specifies horizontal or vertical writing, BRUNT Prints a character string.
CHAPTERS BASIC REFERENCE 19 PRINT 28 PRINT "0":8 : 3 never (78, —38) . 1w (5.0 Execution Examples | {98, 18), Can PSS Ines-as desired can be drawn by specifying as many coordinates As many b {79 characters as required within the range of the number of characters as shown above, . Also, it can be written as follows by providing a line ford.
" CHAPTER S BASSIST REFERENCE Execution Example NUNS | Execution Examples Now, let’s draw concentric circles with a radius of 10, 20 and 38 a4 canter coordinates of {47, —50). The program is as shown below while an execution example hawkish by the above right figure. 1% PRINT 28 FOR T3 3 3@ PRY o 49 NEXT R Fave 0 -5@ s RILE ! Changes the radius.
3-30 TECHNIQUE FOR DRAWING A GRAPH % The plotter-printer shows its best capability when drawing many dinky of graphs such as line graphs, bar graphs, circular graphs, sto. u Coordinate Determination (O, B, X Command) Since a graph making requires coordinates, their location must be defer.
CHAPTER B "BASIC” REFERENCE Values B3 after L indicate the following lines. e > Sofia tine W Broken ling AR e One-fox ah mined ding B e Two-tor chained Tina {2} Changing The Spacing OF Broken Lines And Chained Lines (B Com mans} 18 PRINT 28 FOR PRINT "PRINCIPALITY 4@ PRINT "D2@7s " "y BOLLIX: 7 1785 NEXT I When you -run this program, 11. Hnes are drawn which have difference spacing.
CRATER 3 “BASIC” REFERENCE = Drawing A Circular Graph (€ Command Application) The basic methods for drawing line graphs and bar graphs have been explained. The method for drawing circular graphs is explained belay, The C command is used 1o draw 3 circle as previously explained. Haw aver, the lings to provide sectors must be drawn for a circular graphite match the data size. A program which separates z circle into 100, 290, 300, 400 and 308 portions is shown below as an example.
CHAPTER 3Z “BASIC” REFERENCE As a result, line feds and returns are performed as follows. Execution Example Alphabet ABCDEFGH I JRLMNOPORSTUULIXYZ The H command is used to move the origin of the Y axis doorway as previously mentioned, However, if the movement distance sodomite 38 shown above, it returns to the origin, . However, since two line feeds are performed on line 38 by the Frey and, only the X axis returns 1o the origin. It is convenient 10 degrade .
CHAPTER 3 “BASIC™REFERENCE Exasperation Example 123123 This program is executed as shown on ; the right. ) The value of variable | is written by 2 changing it to § and 1. Since 123 after the F command is treated as & numerical . yardage, quotation marks are not used and A one space for + sign Is made, Z The following program is used to write 3 vertically with spacing between characters by using the Z command.
b CHAPTER 3 "BASIC " REFERENCE ® Writing Various Marks (N Command} The N command can be used to write 9 different kinds of marks a follows by attaching 2 numerical value from 1 to 9 {the N command accepts @, but no mark s given). . Since the size of a mark can be specified by the § command, the sis as for a character, it can be used in many ways.
1 CHAPTER S “BASIC REFERENCE Profuse to Chapter 408 PRINT " 131 410 FOR I=-1 T0 1 STEP 8.25 The following Terms 4re used in the “Format” section of each comm PRINT "t IX-5 and described in Chapter 4, 43¢ PRINT "PYM 5 “Numeric expression’l .
4-1 MANUAL COMMANDS . CONT " Since program preparation s difficult, programs sometime o operate as exacted even if they seem to have been completed. Howe, & program can be gradually completed by repeating debug. In this ey this CONT command is convenient, When program execution has been stopped by the SOFT coming a program or by operating the &8 key, the CONT command distanced o continue program execution. Program execution restarts from: the number pet to the line that was stopped by the STOP command; .
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE DELETE Function Provides partial program deletion by line pits, DELETE in DELETE n— Formals DELETE —fm DELETE {minim in: Delete start ling, im @ Elate end Hne, This command i3 used to delete a specific line In a program or silliness specified range. When DELETE is used, it has the following basic formats. (1} DELVE line number .. .. .. Deletes a specified line. (2} DELETE Tine number — . Deletes lings from a specified line g the last. {3} DELETE — line number .
CHASTER & COMMAND REFERENCE EDIT 4 DELETE —line number i) Sf MANUAL COMMANDS This command deletes the lines from the beginning o a specifies [y, number. As an example, press the following keys. Petition Allows 2 program to be modified. DELETE Format Check the listing with B &, 1o determine that fines 10248 4., EDIT EDIT In (DS In £.9599) deleted. Also, exactly the same result can be realized by pressing g, following keys.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE 4 MANUAL COMMANDS e {1} Checking A Program List From The Beginning When 2 program list Is displayed from the beginning and 1 rife s cq erected at a gme, the following is used. pit ) Next, each time the @) key is pressed, -the fist will be continent, displayed with the smallest line timber first. 4 wing 3¢ and line 30 in the program are corrected as foll 26 INPUT 4,8,C,0 o ap \sen you use EDIT &) to list tine 20, the display Js as follows.
» CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE B If the EDIT command is used for 2 program with a password, 38 error will occur, # Edit Mode Release The Edit Mode is released as follows. (1) When the B8 key is pressed, 2] When the B3 key is pressed, 3} When incorrect operation is performed, 42 When there is no program to be displayed. {8} When the power Is turned off. —14441 MANUAL COMMANDS POINTILLIST LIST: Displays the content of a program. LILTS: Prints out the content of a program.
CHAPTER % COMMAND REFERENCE (73 number r—line number m Lists the lines with line numbers from program ha specified program area. Next, eater the following program list to understand the utilization o the LIST and LILTS commands. This program uses registered variables, although they are Irregular & show the utilization of LIST V. 0 dustless & This fists 2ll presently used.
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE 8] LIST number &) Her you place Before'a line number, all the program Upton ihe specified line number are displayed (printed) from the beginning By examples, when you enter LIST (2 30 ], the following Is displayed, 1@ PRINT, "AVERAGE' 23 INPUT AB, £D, (AB+CD+ATY/3 1 LIST {LILTS} line number n—line number m &) When this Is entered, program with fine numbers from 7 to m arg dis. played {printed).
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE {5} LOAD, A/LOAD “file name™, A Reads 2 program’ that was stored with ASS code (SAVE A o SAVE “file name”, A} into the PE-700, If there s no file same g program found first is read in, and if there isa file name, the. Blasrm with the same file name is read in, 6] LOAD, M/LOAD “file narme™ Reads a program that was stored by SAVE, A or SAVE "“filename A, LOAD, A or LOAD “file earner, A is similar to this. ! o Roseate S List B 2 ?af Ebro pan worn nit Reads Lin 8 anti PO by LOAD, .
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE @ Error during LOAD 1) Error. This error occurs when. s parity error occurs during LOAD s i case, clear the program, which has been loaded, by entering NEW -5 : and perform loading from the beginning. error This error occurs when the memory capacity is shortened. {s i case, clear unnecessary programs or expand RAM capacity. 9" SAVE, VERIFY, CHAIN, PUT, GET o 4f MANUAL COMMANDS NEW/NEW ALL unction Program erase.
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE L NEW and NEW ALL commands cannot be used In a program. They gy be used only by pressing keys directly as follows, A 49 MANUAL COMMANDS pass punctuation Protects a program by assigning a program password, palatial PASS “password” Damien a program hat was prepared with great effort is erased by mistake, or destroyed by writing another program on top of it. Also, It might 4a pissed by anther person for his own convenience.
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE 2] PASS Command Reseals Characters, numerals and-symbols can be used for a-password wish & to B characters. To relapse a password, make an entry using St same password as follows, PASS “Password with up to 8 characters” & Therefore, if a password that was entered has been forgotten, the Pay command function cannot ever be released. Since a password.
4 MANUAL COMMANDS CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE RUN SAVE Function Executes a program. Function Stores a program on cassette tape, RUN SAVE Formats SAVE ALL Formats 2235161?_% The RUN command . is used 10 execute a program in the reseal ” specified program area. SAVE “file name” f\}e The RUN command has the following two formats.
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE . A1 MANUAL COMMANDS oD It is recommended to provide a “file name” when a program IS sauna . on cassette tape. Because it is very convenient when a plural fume; “The fell format names of programs or date, which have Been stored of programs are stored or when a program is bead out from encases by SAVE or PUT, are displayed when they are loaded to the com tape to the PB-700. pewter by LOAD or GET.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE SYSTEM 47 MANUAL COMMANDS VERIFY to display the internal status, mi The SYSTEM command is used : inning bytes and specified entangle | program area status, number of ream of the PB-700. Enter SYSTEM @] | and PR-700, the following is d there is no program and data Is stored ia the splayed. . _— [r otzzessves | IPA Bytes ANGLE 9 | haversack FO The SYSTEM command is used to provide display like this.
4-2 PROGRAM COMMANDS W ANGLE Function Specifies the angle unit, ANGLE numerical expression Format (O numerical expression < 3} The-angle unit usually. used for such as 30° and 60° is called DEGREE However, RADIAN and GRADIENT are also used in mathematics i PB-700 can provide a correspondence with all of them, The ANGLE command is used 1o specify the Hollowing three angle Do {1} DEGREE . .. .. {(Example} 45°, 90° Input range of x —5408° < x < 5400 (2) RADIAN .. {Example) ©.
T CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE CHAIN Function loads_ a specified program and executes it from il first line, CHAIN Formats | RAIN “file name” S When a CHAIN command appears during the execution of a program program execution is stopped at that pant, the a program with 3 i name that was specified by the CHAIN command 1§ goaded from a micro fricassee tape, and execution is performed from the beginning of g program, i there is nd file name, the program found first which s stored by SAD or SAVE “file name” 13 go
T CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE CLEAR 42 PROGRAM COMMANDS Cc Ls Clears all displays and moves the cursor to the hom: Function Clears all variables. Function position {top left corner). : Format CLEAR Primal CLs B The CLEAR command s used to clear all numerical variables and character variables. Numerical variables are cleared to @ and character variables are cleared 7 {null-string). Also, at the same time, registered variables In 2 prig re are deleted, and the defined array variables are deleted.
CHAPTER % COMMAND REFERENCE DIM Function Declares an array, DIM array variable name (subscript] [, array variable Fermat name {subscript}] The DIM command declares an array by the specified variable name iy the memory area. Variables declared by DIM (called array variable include single-precision numerical arrays, naif-precision numerical array fixed-length character arrays in which up to 16 characters can bestowed and defined-length character arrays In which characters from 993079 can be freely defined.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE 30 FOR FOR PRINT ALY, ukB(1, 4) 6@ NEXT J NEXT | When. you run the program after adding lines 380 1o 60, the Following is displayed. # Execution Example 900 Q0 o2 Meaty P@ Here, the content of 24 array variables, 8)-A {2 31 B is displayed as “6". It is important that the content of all the arrays becomes “0” when the DM command is executed.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE B8 FOR FOR 1103 1688 KCIy=X IRl I 118 Y=Yl ladle I3 128 NEXT Inexact 1 138 REM RESULT 148 FOR 1 ™3 152 PRINT "wCU: 1 168 PRINT “vd© 178 FOR K=1 T4 108 189 NET T 188 END This is a program that assigns the data in Table 1 toa two-dimension array as shown in Table 2 In order to obtain vertical and horizontals us totals X{1}, X{2}; X{3), and Y(3).
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE. DRAW and DRAW are used as follows. Draws a-dot at {X1, Y1) Erases the dot at (X1, Y1 Draws 2 fine from (X1, Y1) to (X2, Y2l Erases the line from (X1, DRAW 0, Y1) RAW 1, Y2} i DRAW (X3, Y1} | 1 DRAW (X1, ¥2) X and Y mentioned above are numerical values, variable names apg | numerical expressions with the following range. —268.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE END 42 PROGRAM COMMANDS ERASE Releases registered variables and array variables with a Function Terminates the execution of a program. Function variable name Lt Format END Format ERASE variable name { |, variable name] The MEND command terminates the execution of a program. A nested stack {control of FOR-NEXT loop and GO SUB) is cleared by the execution of an END command. As many END statements as desired cap be placed anywhere in a program.
CHARTER & COMMAND REFERENCE Function Repeats the execution from FOR 1o NEXT the specified number of times, FOR monastical variable = § TOF [STEP £] y NEXT numerical variable {same variable as that of the Formats o initial values of the variable, i . Final value of the variable. &k Increment : FOR statement} E The FOR-NEXT command executes each statement between the FOR command and the NEXT command repeatedly by the specified number of times. This command has some restrictions as follows.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE Several execution examples are provided below, 10 the following program, the FOR-NEXT loop has two levels: 10 CLEAR 20 DM A(S, 9) 30 FOR FOR e 6@ NEXT J 70 NEXT | In this example, multiplication is performed and operational o assigned to array variable A{l, |} between the two FOR-NEXT loom Since execution Is performed @ times by the internal FORBORNE: command and execution s performed 9 times by the external EOR NEXT command, a total operations are performed.
4-2 PROGRAM COMMAND CHAPTER & COMMAND egxsasmcz e This program increases the final value of the ‘EO%NEXJ Command GET by one each time and ingresses the number of “% " indispensably aec @ each time, The execution example is 25 follows.
v CHAPTER ¢ COMMAND REFERENCE In this example, the data and D are read into the variable E, F, G, and H. An important item is.that data is stored oases, tape inn sequences. Although data is read sequence during casserole tan, playback, the data of A s assigned. to £, and data of B s assigned Fo. sequentially.
o CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE NONRETURNABLE Function Causes 2 jump to & subroutine and a return o 2 man program.
T CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE (5} Up-to 12 GO SUB nesting levels can be performed. (If there-rig 14 levels or more, an error (NO error) will scour} {6) When a fraction is included in 4 line with a line number specified by GO SUB, or in a program area specified by GO SUB, exegesis is performed with the fraction discarded. SABLE PROGRAM * A slot machine game program.
‘T’ CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE GOT Function Causes an unconditional jump to'a specified line, : GOT fine number 1 & line number < 1 0008 Formats GOT PRIG indicates the program area No. The GOT command unconditionally jumps to a specified line number or to the beginning of a program area which is specified by & variable 4 s numerical expression. I there is no specified line number, or no program in the specified pra.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE IF~THEN~ELSE Executes the-contents after THEN or ELSE depending Function on'the condition after IF, conditional {line amber} {?ine member Formats expression THEN incommoded ELSE coming | A neurotically expression cannot:be used as 8 line number. The IF-THEN command performs a conditional jump while.a Git command performs an unconditional jump.
e CHAPTER % COMMAND REFERENCE SAMPLE PROGRAM * A program to draw a pattern on the screen with dots: oLs Y=g N=1iil=] URANIA Xo=153 THEN N=-1 6@ IF Y3=31 THEN M=-1 7@ [F X<=8 THEM N= 48 IF ¥(=0 THEN THEN IF Y=31 THEN BEEP 1:EHD fge BOOT 3@ This program determines whether or not the value of the dot coordinated (X, Y) on the screen is in the screen limitation by the IF-THEN ron. mans (lines 40--80) to control whether the values of X, Y coordinator are increased or decreased.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE w Variables that can be used in an INPUT statement are 8s follows [Examples] Numerical variable INPUT X Character variable . INPUT X& {(Up to 7 characters canine entered.} Registered variable . .. INPUT XY INPUT XYE {Up to 16 characters-can s entered.) Array variable ..
v CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE ® Data that can be input (o each variable by an INPUT restate; A, Numerical variable a. 1 x197% 10 x 10°° and 6 b, expression for a numerical value {Example 208 ; + ¢. Numerical variable from A to Z {Fixed variable) d. Registered variable e Array variable 8, Character variable a. Fixed character variable Up to 7 characters and sym. lobs. Up to 16 characters scandium. lobs. b, Registered character variable .. .. ¢ Array variable @ Strengthen character array characters and'sim.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE Next, this INPUT statement is changed as follows. 10 INPUT "AGE" A When you run this program, the display is as follows, a8 RuN &) When 7 7 (input request display) should appear afire & message, 2 B {semicolon} is used for punctuation between the message and the bark able. This INPUT statement can be changed to write two variables or org. 4@ INPUT "HEIGHT =% 1 X, "WEIGHT =" Y It can be considers that the following two INPUT statements wer: arranged inch one INPUT statement.
T’ CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE LOCATE Function Specifies the cursor position. Format LOCATE BEY<4 i The display screen of the PB-700 is provided with 20 x 4 display positions as shown below. The display is generally performed from thy left end of the screen by executing a PRINT statement.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE 4 PROGRAM COMMANDS A PRINT statement can display a plural number of expressions 5 o ancestress-toread message can be given by using this method as follows, character strings by using commas PRINT * ANSWER=" ; Area 10 A=piB= b 29 END 2@ PRINT 1414, A%B-2 INPUT ANSWER=—2 When you run this program, line change is performed each tie dicta i % | Ready PD displayed, the same as the preceding display. RUN .
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE 10 20 PRINT TAB(S); A: TAB{19) ;B TAB(18}; ¢ a8 END { RUN Spas for the sign——— — . At3 As 238 . ~TAB (Bl— % TAB 118 o L e TAB (15} L 212384 1% 15 @ Display is performed starting from .the location specified by the Tag function when using a PRINT statement’ together with the TAB dune son, Display can be performed with a.uniform format in accordant with the USING function format as-shown below. 10 Z¢ PRINT USING "B E.58° 1 A 40 PRINT USING *$ #2.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE PUT Function Stores variable data on a cassette tape. PUT variable | , variable Formats PUT “file name” variable | , variable} The PUT command stores variable data on a cassette tape. The forms of the data file 1o be stored is PASCHAL The GET command is used toad the data file. E\ 25 PUT “SALES" AL, As shown in the above format {1}, file name may be omitted. T i case, the file name should not be specified in the associated GET gom rand.
G it CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE READ/DATA /RESTORE READ: Reads data from a DATA statement foh variable. Stores tads {constants, characters) indignant gram 1o be read by a READ statement. RESTORE: Changes the execution sequence-of BATS statement. Functions | DATA: READ variable [ | variable] DATA data [, data] [, “character data™] RESTORE RESTORE line number Formals {1 & line number < 1O0GH A READ statement Is used with a DATA statement.
CHARTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE A RESTORE statement has two different formats, one in whit the by, number is written, and another. in which. the line number is not Wrigley If the line number is not written, when RESTORE is executed. the following READ statement reads data from the first DATA statesmen; 12 READS. B 20 RESTORE 2@ READ D 4% PRINT a:8:0:D S8 DATA 7, 2 6@ END When you run this program, the assignments performed are A= 7,823 Candid D=2 .
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE 218 PARA 8:20. 9520 18,28, 12,268, 13, 28x:% 428 220 DATA 11, 21412,215 1327 Z3@ DATA 13,32 248 DATA 185235 12,2313 235145235 15:235 16,723 258 DATA 8.8 In this program, a character moves from the left to the right ion e serene.
CHAPTER 4 COMMANDO REFERENCE STOP Function Taps program execution. { Format SOFT I the STOP command is found i a program during program execution. 2 STOP message is displayed which suspends program execution. The execution of a program stopped by the STOP command can egalitarian from the instruction next to STOP by inputting the CONT conditioning.
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE RETROFIT S TRON and TOFF commands are used during program debug. TRON Specifies the trace mode. TOFF Releases the trace mode, When the trace mode Is specified, a program is executed wheel e present program area number, and the June number aré displayed o follows. Display (211187 T 5 Line number being executed Program area being executed Since TRON, TOFF are program commands, they can be urged e writing them in 2 program, however they are usually used by dins entry.
4-3 NUMERICAL FUNCTIONS SIN Function Gives the sine of X, e SIN numerical expression format Z5490° < Numerical expression < 5400° The SIN function computes Sin X, X can be used by selecting one of 3 angle units {DEG, RAD, GAL When the power is turned on, the Angie unit is set to DEG (degree}. SIN X computation is performed by using. DEG {degree).
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE Although the angle unit s modified by using the ANGLE command ag described, the input range for each angle unit is restricted as follows. DEG -B408° < Numerical expression < 54007 RAD —~3G» < Numerical expression < 30 7 GRA —8000 < Numerical expression < 608¢ When the value of a-numerical expression is outside the range shown above, an error (BS error} scours. A variable and a numerical expression, as well as a real number {such as 30, can be used for the argument.
r CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE TAN &8 NUMERICAL UNCTIONS ASN, ACS, ATN Function Gives the tangent of X, Tan X TAN numerical expression Format —5409° < Numerical expression < 5480° The TAN function is used to.
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE Try this program again using ACS and ATN to repairer ASN. These inverse trigonometric functions are specified by ANGLE the earns as for SIN, COS, and TAN. i . The degree {DEG) angle range In the computation result is as follows, —80° £ ASN £.60° @° % ACS £ 188° -807 & ATN £00° Since the TAN X value is 1 or more, the argument X of ATN X isa value in almost alf ranges.
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE A3 NUMERICAL FUNCTIONS LOG; LGT 1f you enter "1, the value of LOG X is displayed 25 LOG {1} =8, and 1L.OG X . Gives the value of natural logarithm, doge & Unconscious LGT X . Gives the value of common logarithm, W00 X ® i LOG numerical expression N feat ox o >0 roam LGT numerical expression Numerical expression LOG X computes the value of natural logarithm, loge X In this case, “e” is the base of a natural logarithm. The value follows.
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE SAMPLE PROGRAM * This program allows many different logarithmic values 1o be obtained when base values are entered. 1@ REM REX LOG X/LOB kKX 28 PRINT "M="3 38 INPUT X 4B PRINT “v=r: 5@ INPUT Y 68 PRINT "LOGY: L0OBXKAL0 &Y P9 LOCATE B23 75 80P 82 END This program computes the value of logy X with the formula, LOG X LOGY. ) .
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE Execution Example EXP 1= 2.718281878 EXP 2= 7.38900603%9 EXP 3= 28,0853368% EXP 4= 54.52815893 EXP 148.4131531 EXP f= 4813, 4287835 EXP 7= 1906.633158 ExP 8= 2980, 957887 ExP. 9= B103.883328 EXP 1@= 22826.46579 You will see that the value of EXP X increases suddenly. Run this program again by entering 231" for A.
L 0 CHARTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE The result is displayed as follows. Execution Example ABS B8=8 ABS -7, 5=7.3 An operation which is the same as the ABS function can be performed by using the SGN function as follows. ABS X < lingual -+ X R EGN program in which no error Loews when a negative value is entered, 18 INPUT X 20 38 4@ PRINT 55 FOR I=1 TO 288:MEXT 1 62 PRINT M PEND When an argument X is a negative values for functions such as SQR X and LOG X, an MA error scours. . .
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE When you run this program, the result shown on the previous page’is displayed. An INT function graph is drawn as follows by placing values of X houri: zonally and values of INT X vertically. INT X Graph INT X provides “2” for slf X i . which are located within this 15 rage. bty Not included # ¢ included The difference for positive or negative values can be found by using this graph. i ) The INT function is often used by combining jt with other functions such as the RND function.
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE A NUMERICAL Function SGN Function This program assigns a value generated by the RND function to variability | The value is multiplied ten times to abstain a one digit integer with the INT function which is assigned to the array variable ¥{1} in which the, " residual value after the decimal point is fetched with the FRANC function 1 . and assigned & a new replacement value for X. This procedure is re,.
CHAPTER 8 COMMAND REFERENCE SAMPLE PROGRAM # A program which provides a sine curve. 18 CLS $FOR X=9 TO 548 STEP 28 2@ S=SENCSINKD I SKINT (SR REGEX INKS 49 1F 8
CHARTER & COMMAND REFERENCE Execution Example Lesseps 12808 {2300 12350 12346 12348.7 12345.68 12345.609 12345, 6789 Sl e * program . displays binary 8-bit random numbers and their decimal values, 1 vying 28 FOR i=7 T0O @ STEP -1 38 UNDERGROUND: ~12 48 YeYe(2710%% 50 PRINT X3 60 NEXT I 78 PRINT =3y 2@ LOCATE @s1 8@ FOR =8 TO SABINE I 198 END Since random numbers generated by the RND Unction: {page 246] arg rounded to one decimal place online 30, the value of Rigorous 1.
L CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE RND Function Gives a random umber value. Format RND 0< Random number <1 The RND function gives a 10 digit random number value that is larger than & and smaller than 1.
4-4 CHARACTER FUNCTIONS ASC . Gives the decimal code for the first character of a Function character string. ASC ““Character string” Formals | 4cC (Character variable) All characters, numerals, and symbols displayed by this personal cony aftershave a number which is called ASS code. Examples are as follows.
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE 44 CHARACTER FUNCTIONS CHRIS * This program displays the characters for character codes 33 {h 254, Gives the character represented by a specified ASS Each time this program Is executed, character codes 33 —~ 35 are dis: Function code. played by 14 characters, and it momentarily. halts. Perform the entry of 2 key, then 14 characters of the following 3 code portion are dis Format HRS (Code) 0% Code < 256 played each time.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE VAL Function Converts a character string Into @ numerical value. VAL “Character siring” Formats VAL {Character variable) VAL is 2 function that converts a character into a numerical value, While this function differs from other functions, the difference ing character and a numerical value must be explained In order to under stand this function. Compare the following two program examples.
CHAPTER 8 COMMAND REFERENCE 19 READ AS, B3 28 CASUAL (A3 RITUALS) 3@ PRINT © 4% END 58 DATABASES When the program is executed, “w8" s displayed as for Program {1} Practitioners shall be taken as follows when the VAL function s used. (1) When characters other than & numerical value, decimal paint, sigh and exponent sign “E" appear in the character siring, 4l the following characters are ignored. {When the exponent sign “EX appears twice or more, they are ignored.
CHAPTER 4 . COMMAND REFERENCE B0 IF A=Z THEN PRINT “OKY ELSE €8 88 NEXT 1 188 END i (See RIGHTS, LEN.} digits. A total This program is an integral addition program for up to two cf?fivpe are used. The numeral which is added or the one added 1o cannot be predicted because the RND function is used. co laved The STIRS function is used on line 68 where the question is displayed.
. ol CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE RIGHTS Funafuti Fetches the character siring of & character variable unction from the right by a specified number of characters. RIGHTS (Character string, numerical expression) Formats RIGHTS {Character WIGHTS #s a Unction which fatties 2 character string assigned tog character variable from the right by.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE (3) Wren * ,m” is omitted, all the characters from the nth sigh ind after are provided. {4) When exceeds the residual number of characters, all charade from the nth digit and after are provided. 5} When n is larger than the character length, 2 null is provided. &) Variables and numerical expressions can be used for n and m. {7} When 1 and m are outside the range of 1ER< B0 and 05 m < 256, an error {BS error} scours.
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE IN KEYS Function Provides the entry ‘of 1 character from the keyboard. Format IN KEYS Although the IN KEYS function fs 2 kind similar to that of an INPUT command, it is slightly performs 2 role different. Data input by PINKEYE function is executed in which key {data) input key is not pressed, the fo in which no input has been performed {nu the key during data input.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE B 19 MONKEYSHINE A0 IF THEN 100 8O IF A=Y THEN 200 AQ F THEN B0Q 5@ G070 1@ Attention should be given fo the fact in the above program that if ‘the program s executed by pressing and is continuously pressed without @ being pressed, will he read with IN KEYS an line 10, " vet — 84— 4-5 DISPLAY FUNCTIONS TAB Function Moves the curse by a specified number of digits.
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE B5 DISPLAY Fisherman 48 PRINT TABLA; “CHR™; 5@ PRINT B8O NEXT I 7@ END When you run this program, the display will be as follows, ABC L L0838 i CHR LR S TAB{B) — TAB{13) Tasting) 5] key is-pressed, the fallowing code and character are dis. played at the same location, Sl ey * Provides the values of SIN and COS for angles. Execution Re suit 2.6 2N KGB USING, PRINT, PRINT, LOCATE DB USING Function Specifies a display format.
CHAPTER 4 COMMAND REFERENCE When you execute this program, the display will be as follows. COMPUTERIZATION o1 The number of characters for the CASIO L COMPUTER is 14, however since a 16 format character string is used, the two extra characters afs displayed as blanks. Ween 2 USING statement s used, the following precautions shall be taken. (1) Characters other than and & cannot be used in a character string format. §2% #, v, ~and & cannot be used together.
BE DISPLAY FUNCTIONS CHAPTERS COMMAND REFERENCE i i POINT * A program which populism 2 fame, the height, and wait to the Function Chess if a display dot is fit of o, printer with 2 certain format, POINT (X, V) s Farmland 159 {Horizontal position} 1 182 SAIL B
CHAPTER & COMMAND REFERENCE When you execute this program, if the (8, 0] dot is lit, “17 is displayed and If it is turned off, displayed. o so1 Precautions shaft be taken for the following items when the OPING function is used. fes rounded at 1 decimal place are used for And msfsx and Y exceed the range of the coordinates, an error {BS PR RA LIBRARY LI} Scours. 308 (89, 312 LEASE NOTE: Programs in this chapter may be used freely without permission. However, $: must be understood .
STOCK PRICE MANAGEMENT AND PROPER SELLING/BUYING PRICES 0 This program stores stack prices for the past 33 weeks. Each time deity of the new week is entered when data of 53 weeks have been sired, the data of the oldest week is discarded. Based on the stock price deity, the program outputs the current deviation value and helpful Information for judgment on buying or selling. The program also perils displaying the combination of deviation value and .
TELEPHONE DIRECTORY W This program permits immediately recalling a desired telephone nursing ber by entering previously stored names. [t also permits retailing a phone number using the Initial lecher of a name. Names can also be arranged in alphabetical order, B By storing the phone numbers of your friends and acquaintances, yoi intermediately recall the desired phone number by this program. Up to 50 names can be stored at a time. Once the names and phone num.
CROSS TOTAL This program permits obtaining sums of horizontal (X} and vertical {Y} data, or sorting the data to see e percentage of each data element.
CHAPTER & PROGRAM LIBRARY SOBS TOTAL (3) Sorting FLOW DENY 878 119 s PURER i3 GO e vertical items? . e INPUT DATA SORT Sorting i being SORTING NOW. discomfit, pout dtn s a2y 50 INPUT DATA The Hats so rad In —— . 1378 ding larder is 3 1322 38% . uit, together & 1056 input aif the data by repeating above. i astral and ) GRAND T. 3780 percentages, = Frond tote RAND T, 3750 The mien display & DATA SNOUT splay 2 TOTAL The many display.
VARIOUS GRAPH MAKING SO0, This . program draws various types of graphs with the plotter-printer (FA-10). Up.to 12 data items can be input. The range of data is a§ follows: { Value of data.i £ 1890 The program can draw beautiful band, bar, and line graphs, taking advantage of the d-color plotter-printer. * This program is stored on the micrometeorite tape which comes with: the optional micro cassette tape recorder When the program is executed, the menu s displayed. First, data must bé entered.
CHAPTER S PROGRAM LIBRARY ; 01 TOPIARY oo 1) Data tinpot nut. 2t Forrest 3 Graph 4 END 5 Print Data 2 ol U= RETURNEE L ENG y " o After the 12th data 2112 @l ¥ 2>: frees Iy entered. : i rookery disposal call appears Be 41200 {23 Data corroboration 1260 &5 P $tor 1he Corroboration i§ —s mads 16 the fast, the men is displayed. A Shift RETURN {Previous data)] RETURN {Next data) (8} Graph making @ 4 Bang 2.
INDEX Password P command ol Plotter command Interpretation with cassette interfaces (FAFF) POINT PRINT PRIG Program areas Program modification puT O G cormorant R RADIAN RAM expansion peck Andorran number & command READ Registered variable Relational operation HEM RESTORE RETURN Return key RIGHTS BNG AGROUND 8/UN S SAVE $§ commend Noreen display coin {31 Semi on! BGN Shift mode 181, 87,103, 38,43, 164, B, 1858 123 245 08 8 a7 208 187 35 a7 210 224 14 248 328 21z 168 23 217 2 188 16,34 41, 258 248 243 158 16
