Portable instruments N100 Vibrometer USER INSTRUCTIONS
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Table of contents N100 rev. 1_1 Chapter 1 - General description ¾ Standard accessories ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ……………………………… Optional accessories ……………………………… Inputs ……………………………….……… Reset button ……………………………………… Battery ……………………………………………... Adjustment and calibration……………………………… General advice ……………………………………… 1-1 1-2 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-5 Chapter 2 - General overview ……………………………………………... 2-1 Start / Stop acquisition functions ……………………… ¾ Specific additional functions for the various pages……....
Chapter 6 - Balancing function ¾ Measurement settings ………………………………… ¾ Rotation velocity measurements ………………………… 6-1 6-2 Chapter 7 - CEMB N-Pro program (optional) ¾ System requirements ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ …………………………….… Installation of the software ………………………. Installation of drivers for USB communication with N100 and N300 instruments ……………………… Activating the software ……………………………… Use of the software …………………………..….. Function bar ……………….………………….….. General settings ………………….…………………...
Chapter 1 General description The N100 instrument and its accessories are supplied in a handy case. We recommend the instrument is returned to its case after every use to protect it from damage during transport.
Optional accessories: - photocell (18,000 RPM) with upright and magnetic base 10m-long extension cable for transducers 10m-long extension cable for standard photocell CEMB N-Pro software for saving, managing and printing data.
To extract the connector, press the terminal part (blue or yellow) and simultaneously pull the main body (grey), to release it. Warning: Do not try to pull the connector out with force without releasing it as described above as it could damage it. Reset button In some special circumstances, CEMB customer service may advise you to reset the N100 instrument. To do this, press the button located on the lower part of the instrument using a small object with a rounded tip.
Battery The N100 instrument is equipped with an integral rechargeable lithium battery, offering a battery life of more than ten hours under normal operating conditions. The battery status is indicated by an icon in the upper right hand corner of the screen. battery fully charged battery partly charged battery almost flat (battery life remaining when this appears is approx.
Warning: Recharge the instrument before storing it if you do not intend to use it for a long period of time. In this case, remember to recharge it every 3 months: the internal clock also consumes power (even though the amount consumed is low), therefore after a long period of disuse it is possible that the battery will be flat.
1-6 General description
Chapter 2 General overview Keypad The keyboard on the CEMB N100 instrument has a limited number of keys, enough to guarantee easy and intuitive use. - on/off key Press this key to turn the instrument on; hold it down for at least 3 seconds to turn it off, then release the key. Note: After pressing , the instrument’s serial number and the version of the firmware installed will be displayed briefly in the lower part of the screen.
when the additional functions bar is visible it is used to select the desired function In the records screen it opens the desired function from the additional functions bar. - - back key Press this key to quit the current screen and return to the previous one. It can also be pressed when setting parameters to end the operation without changing any values. - function key (F) When available, it displays the additional functions bar in the lower part of the screen.
Start/Stop acquisition function In all measurement screens acquisition is started by pressing pressing the same and is later stopped by . The acquisition enabled status is easy to identify by the presence (in the left side) of an arrow rotating to describe a circumference. In the first few moments after the start of every measurement, the N100 instrument can automatically determine the most suitable amplification based on the signal received from the sensor.
- List of peak values When selected, this function displays a table containing the amplitudes of the highest components of the signal, with the corresponding frequency listed beside each one. Up to five peak values are listed in descending order, irrespective of their frequency. If the signal measured is composed of a lower number of significant components, a lower number of peak values will be displayed. Press the key to exit this page and return to the vibrometer screen.
The position to open can be selected using the and arrows, then the additional functions bar must be displayed and one of the following operations must be selected: - save the measurement performed. The current date and time are automatically used to identify the data recorded. Note: If the position selected is already in use, before saving the data the symbol asks the operator to confirm that the data should be overwritten.
2-6 General overview
Chapter 3 Initial screen (menu) When turned on, the Instrument model N100 displays the main screen containing the CEMB symbol, the instrument’s name, the battery status, the date and time and the icons used to access the various pages: – – – Vibration measurement Rotation velocity measurement (tachometer) General settings (setup) After selecting the desired page using the and arrows, press to open it. 1.
The data transfer function, identified by a relative screen, opens automatically when a USB cable is inserted into the port of the N100 instrument and that of a PC whilst the first screen is displayed. In this state the PC acts as master, whilst the N100 instrument acts as a simple slave, therefore pressing keys no longer has any effect. Once the data has been transferred to the PC (see Chapter 7–7 Reading data from the N100/N300 instrument), disconnect the USB cable to return to the main panel.
Chapter 4 Setup function All of the parameters required for correct operation of the N100 instrument can be set in the setup screen. You can scroll up and down the list of parameters that can be set using the and arrows. The parameter selected will be displayed in white on a black background (in negative). To edit the value press the then confirm with the key, insert the desired value when requested to do so, key. To quit the edit function without changing the previous value press .
two different sensitivity levels can be set, identified respectively by “1” and “2”.
After pressing the the and key, you can scroll through all of the possibilities using arrows. Display brightness The brightness of the display can be adjusted to provide excellent visibility in various environmental conditions, from minimum (no backlighting) to maximum. This is possible using the and arrows after having enabled the “enter values” mode by pressing .
4-4 Setup function
Chapter 5 Vibrometer function One of the simplest, but at the same time most important, values in vibration analysis is the overall value of the vibration itself. This is often the first parameter to consider when assessing the operation of a motor, fan, pump, machine tool, etc. Suitable tables are used to discriminate between an excellent condition or a good, acceptable, tolerable, unacceptable or even dangerous condition. (see Appendix B – Judgement criteria).
− − DIS-1 : type 1 displacement sensor (not powered) DIS-2 : type 2 displacement sensor (not powered) When required, the N100 instrument automatically supplies power to the sensor connected. Warning: To obtain a sufficiently accurate measurement must be correctly specified the sensor effectively connected. 2.
5. Units of frequency Indicates how to display the velocity and frequencies, and can be chosen from: - Hz – cycles (revs) per second − RPM – revs per minute Note: The relation 1 Hz = 60 RPM clearly exists between the two units Settings only valid for overall measurements 1. Frequency range: The overall vibration value usually originates from the sum of various contributions, caused by various phenomena, which are therefore associated with different frequencies.
Settings for synchronous measurements only 1. Synchronous filter width: This parameter, identified for historical reasons as the synchronous filter width, is displayed next to the symbol and is measured as a percentage. It indicates the resolution in frequency of the synchronous analysis, or rather the instrument’s ability to separate contributions from the various frequencies. Values from 1% to 100% are available.
Measurement results On the Vibrometer page the measurement results are displayed on the screen, successfully combining the need for clarity and complete information. 1 2 3 5 4 6 Overall measurement: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. sensor connected measurement taken (Overall) number of averages frequency band vibration value, with unit and type amplitude and frequency of the vibration’s highest component.
Synchronous measurement: 1 2 3 5 4 6 1. sensor connected 2. order of the harmonic measured 1xRPM = fundamental harmonic (synchronous with the rotation velocity) 2xRPM = second harmonic (frequency double the rotation velocity) 3xRPM = third harmonic (frequency triple the rotation velocity) 4xRPM = fourth harmonic (frequency four times the rotation velocity) 5xRPM = fifth harmonic (frequency five times the rotation velocity) 3. filter width 4. vibration modulus, with unit and type 5.
For correct measurement ensure that the shaft velocity is stable and is read correctly by the instrument. One of the following symbols will be displayed in the event that it is not read correctly, is unstable, or is lower than the minimum value or higher than the maximum one (see Appendix A): Symbol Condition velocity value not stable over time.
− connect the photocell to the N100 instrument and position it at a distance of between 50 and 400 mm from the rotating body. Slowly turn the rotating body (if possible by hand, otherwise as slowly as possible) and check that the LED positioned on the back of the photocell only lights up once per turn, when the ray of light lights up the reference mark. If that is not the case, move the photocell closer to or further away from the piece or tilt it away from the surface.
Additional functions Pressing the Vibrometer page: key, the additional functions bar shows those available in the display of a list of peak values (only for overall measurements; see 2.4 – List of peak values) access to the vibration measurement records (see next paragraph). Displaying measurements from the records Vibration measurements loaded from the records are displayed in a special screen laid out as follows: - Overall vibration measurement: 1 3 2 4 5 6 7 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
- Synchronous vibration measurement 1 3 2 4 5 6 7 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 5 - 10 position number in the measurement record saving date and time order K of the measured harmonic (compared to the rotation velocity) synchronous filter width amplitude of the vibration with units and measurements vibration phase frequency of the measured harmonic (equal to K times the rotation velocity).
Chapter 6 Balancing function Before proceeding with more in-depth analysis, operators may sometimes need to detect the rotation velocity of one or more of the shafts with a high degree of precision. The N100 instrument has a precise tachometer function, accessible from the main control panel, capable of measuring velocity of up to 60,000 RPM (1000 Hz).
Rotation velocity measurement As in the Vibrometer page, velocity measurement can be started and stopped by pressing and the results displayed as shown in the illustration here below. For correct measurement ensure that the shaft velocity is stable and is read correctly by the instrument.
Chapter 7 CEMB N-Pro program (optional) Data saved in the N100 and N300 instruments can easily be imported into a PC, organised and saved to the hard disk and subsequently analysed, compared, printed, etc. These operations are made possible thanks to CEMB N-Pro software (Professional Environment for N-Instruments), available for Microsoft Windows operating systems. The interface has been carefully designed to make it intuitive and therefore extremely simple to use even for inexperienced users.
Note: In the event of installation in a Windows Vista and Windows 7 operating system, the following operations must be completed before the software can be used: - right-click on the CEMB N-Pro program icon on the desktop - select the 'Compatibility' menu - enable the option 'Execute program in operating mode for:' and choose 'Windows XP (Service Pack 2)' - enable the option 'Execute program as administrator' - press OK Installation of drivers for USB communication with the N100 and N300 instruments Do no
Enable the options ‘Search for the best driver in these paths’ and ‘Include this path in the search’. Using the ‘Search’ button, select the ‘USB driver’ sub-folder from the one in which the CEMB N-Pro software is installed. At this point press ‘Next >’. At the end of this guided procedure, the ‘USB Serial Converter’ hardware should be correctly installed.
Activating the software The first time the software is started a pop-up is displayed containing the software’s serial number (S/N) and requesting the corresponding activation code. This can be obtained by sending an e-mail to CEMB customer service Vibration Analysis division (see www.cemb.com) specifying the subject: "CEMB N-Pro activation code" and specifying in the message your data and the serial number (S/N) as shown in the pop-up.
Use of the software The buttons on the function bar in the upper part of the page allow full access to all of the functions available in the CEMB N-Pro software. The data record contents are always visible on the left, subdivided into vibration measurements (overall, or synchronous) balancing operations - All of the remaining space is reserved for information related to the function enabled at that moment in time, as described in the following paragraphs.
- - record viewing functions: - display the element selected - edit the notes associated with the element displayed (vibration or balancing measurement). For maximum flexibility, 3 different notes can be associated to each element: users are free to enter the information deemed appropriate on a case by case basis.
- connect the N instrument to the PC and wait for a few seconds - click on the drop-down menu again and select Refresh - the port that the instrument has been connected to is the one added to the list noted down previously Warning: Always connect the N instrument to the same USB port on the PC. Otherwise it will be necessary to change the COM port number in the General Settings window, and in some cases even repeat the USB driver installation procedure.
Note: Pressing before the transfer is complete quits this operation immediately, therefore preventing its completion. Note: Reading data from the instrument does not change the records present in the instrument itself: after checking that they have been imported into the PC correctly, the operator can delete them from the instrument if he wishes, as described in 2 – 4 Measurement records. Note: Balancing data is only available for the N300 instrument.
Displaying data present in the records After selecting a file from the records, the contents can be displayed in a clear and detailed manner by pressing the key. The various data types will be displayed as follows: Overall vibration value measurement: 2 3 5 1 4 6 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
- (zoom x) : the portion of the x axis to be enlarged can be selected by clicking on one point and moving the cursor horizontally; - (zoom y) : the portion of the y axis to be enlarged can be selected by clicking on one point and moving the cursor vertically; - (autoscale) : by clicking on the graph the extremes of the axes will automatically be set to the most suitable values, based on that displayed; - (zoom in) : clicking in one point enlarges the zone around it; - (zoom out) : clicking in one p
Synchronous vibration value measurement: 1 2 4 3 5 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. amplitude of the synchronous vibration value phase of the synchronous vibration value frequency of the synchronous vibration value measurement information and parameters notes associated with the measurements Balancing data: 1 2 4 3 5 7 8 6 1. type of balancing (on one or two planes) 2. value (in generic U units) and phase of the initial imbalance 3.
4. value (in generic U units) and phase of the final imbalance (that is to say after balancing) 5. value and phase of the final vibration (that is to say after balancing) 6. velocity of the rotating part 7. balancing information and parameters 8. notes associated with balancing The notes associated with each measurement can be entered or edited at any time by pressing .
Note: To assist users, the CEMB N-Pro program includes some example templates that can be used as a base to create customised reports. These models are located in the sub-folder named Report Templates in the N-Pro directory in which the program is installed. Warning: If you wish to customise one of the templates present in the Report Templates folder, it is best to save the edited model with another name or in a different folder.
Appendix A N100 instrument technical data - Instrument - Dimensions (W x L x H): 84 x 180 x 52.5 mm - Weight: 385g including battery - Operating conditions - Temperature: from -10° to +50° C - Air humidity: from 0 to 95% without condensate - Power supply - rechargeable 1.8Ah Lithium battery - charging time: less than 5 hours (when battery is completely flat) - battery charger: - input 100-240 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 0.2A - output 8.4VDC, 0.71A, 6.
Appendix B Evaluation criteria Evaluation criteria B-1
B-2 Evaluation criteria
Appendix C A rapid guide to interpreting a spectrum TYPICAL CASES OF MACHINE VIBRATIONS 1. PRELIMINARY RAPID GUIDE f = vibration frequency [cycles/min] or [Hz] s = shift amplitude [µm] Measured values during control: v = vibration speed [mm/s] a = vibration acceleration [g] n = piece rotation speed [rpm] Frequency data Causes Notes 1) f = n Unbalances in rotating bodies. Intensity proportional to unbalance, mainly in the radial direction, increases with speed. Rotor inflection.
7) f is much greater than n, not an exact multiple 8) f = natural frequency of other parts 9) f unstable with knocking Damaged roller bearings. Unstable frequency, intensity and phase. Axial vibration. Excessive wear on sleeve bearings. Completely or locally defective lubrication. Belts too tight. Characteristic audible screech. Multiple belts not homogeneous. Run between the belts. Low load gears. Teeth knock together because of insufficient load; unstable vibration.
2. TYPICAL SPECTRA OF VIBRATIONS RELATED TO THE MOST COMMON DEFECTS Note: The spectra are in an indicative graphic form. The N500 equipment produces a different form of graph. The following are the spectra of typical vibrations, caused by the most common defects found in practical experience. CPM = shaft rotation speed in rpm 1. UNBALANCE 2.
3. MECHANICAL LOOSENESS/PLAY 4. BELT 5.
6. SLEEVE BEARINGS 7. ROLLER BEARINGS 8.
3.
Appendix D Information related to the creation of customised templates (models) for certificates generated by CEMB N-Pro software. Numeric codes When the certificate is created, the CEMB N-Pro software automatically replaces some of the default codes in the template (#x# format) with corresponding information related to the measurements displayed at the time.
D-2 #49# N100 or N300 apparatus firmware version #50# Frequency and velocity units of measurement #51# Date on which the measurement was taken #61# Time at which the measurement was taken #301# Total vibration value (overall) - channel A #302# Total vibration value (overall) - channel B #311# Synchronous vibration value - channel A #312# Synchronous vibration value - channel B #321# Synchronous vibration phase - channel A #322# Synchronous vibration phase - channel B #331# Synchronous
#477# Vibration peak 2 value – channel B #...
processing program is used and the document is then saved in HTML format, the alignment, spacing, sizes, etc may be altered after being converted and saved and the final HTML model may not turn out exactly as desired. Users of Microsoft Word 2000 or higher will have experienced this situation frequently. Various HTML editors are available, including: - KompoZer multilingual, it can be downloaded free of charge from the website http://www.kompozer.
Appendix E List of symbols used for the instrument Functions accessed from the main screen vibration measurement (vibrometer) Rotation velocity measurement (tachometer) instrument’s operating parameter settings Functions accessed from the additional functions bar open the recorded measurements page display a list of the highest vibration peaks present save the current measurement in the records load and display the measurement selected from the records delete the measurement selected from the records empt
time after which the display backlighting turns off automatically, calculated from when the last key is pressed time after which the instrument turns off automatically, calculated from when the last key is pressed Measurement information sensor connected to the vibrations measurement channel overall vibration value number of measurements averaged for calculation of the overall vibration synchronous vibration value at the rotation velocity synchronous vibration value at the third harmonic of the rotation ve
Specific symbols used for data loaded from the records vibration measurement records display the measurement saved in position 3 of the records overall vibration value amplitude and frequency of the vibration’s highest component Operator messages press OK to start the measurement press OK to confirm data overwriting or any other key to quit press OK to confirm the previously selected operation or any other key to quit measurement in progress: await completion measurement process active: press OK to stop it
