Owner`s manual

Standby Electric Generators
A SOURCE OF EMERGENCY POWER FOR FARMERS
An emergency source of power
is important for any farm with
mechanically ventilated
production facilities, bulk milk
handling equipment, mechanical
feeding equipment or facilities
requiring constant and
continuous heat (such as
brooders). On such a farm, a
standby electric generator is a
good investment, possibly
preventing costly losses during
a power failure.
During disasters such as flood
or tornado, relief agencies may
provide generators to farmers on
an emergency basis.
TYPES OF GENERATORS
Standby generators are either engine driven or tractor driven. Either type
can be stationary or portable. Engine driven units can be either manual or
automatic start. Gasoline-, LP gas- (bottled gas) and diesel-fueled engines
are available.
Generators must provide the same type of power at the same voltage and
frequency as that supplied by power lines. This is usually 120/240 volt,
single phase, 60 cycle alternating current (AC). An air-cooled engine is
often used for generators up to 15 kilowatts. A liquid-cooled engine is
necessary for generators larger than 15 kilowatts. Engine capacity of 2 to 2
1/4 hp with the proper drive system must be available for each 1,000 watts
of generator output.
SIZE OF GENERATORS
A full-load system will handle the entire farmstead load. Automatic
engine-powered, full-load systems will begin to furnish power immediately,
or up to 30 seconds after power is off. Smaller and less expensive
part-load systems may be enough to handle essential equipment during an
emergency.
Power-take-off (PTO) generators are about half as costly as
engine-operated units. Under a part-load system, only the most essential
equipment is operated at one time. For most farms, this type of system is
adequate, provided the generator is sized to start the largest motor. For
example, the milk cooler or ventilation fan would need to be operated
continuously, but the operation of the silo unloader and mechanical feeding
system could be postponed until the milking chores are completed. PTO
units can be mounted on a trailer.
INSTALLATION
Wiring and equipment must be installed in accordance with the National
Electrical Code, local ordinances and the requirements of your power
supplier. It is essential that you have the proper equipment for
disconnecting the generator from public utility lines. Most companies
require the installation of a double-pole double-throw transfer switch or its
equivalent for this purpose. Check with your electrician or power supply
representative for installation, installation instructions and inspection.
University of Wisconsin-Extension • Cooperative Extension FLOOD-FARM PREPARATION
more information