Cobalt RaQ 3 TM User Manual
©1999 Cobalt Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. Part Number: 070-00184-03 Date: 06-2000 Cobalt Networks and Cobalt RaQ are trademarks of Cobalt Networks, Inc. The RSA software and the RSA logo are trademarks of RSA Data Security Inc. All other company, brand and product names may be registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective companies and are hereby recognized.
Important Safeguards For your protection, please read all these instructions regarding your Cobalt RaQ 3 and retain for future reference. 1. Read Instructions Read and understand all the safety and operating instructions before operating the appliance. 2. Ventilation The Cobalt RaQ 3’s vents (on the front) and the fan opening(s) (on the back panel) are provided for ventilation and reliable operation of the product and to protect it from overheating. These openings must not be blocked or covered.
. Power Cord English ! Caution: The power-supply cord is used as the main disconnect device. Ensure that the socket outlet is located or installed near the equipment and is easily accessible. Français ! Attention: Le cordon d’alimentation sert d’interrupteur général. La prise de courant doit être située or installée à proximité du matérial et offrir un accès facile. Deutsch ! Achtung: Zur sicheren Trennung des Gerätes vom Netz ist der Netzstecker zu ziehen.
7. Browsers Both Netscape Navigator® and Microsoft® Internet Explorer have bugs that can cause intermittent, unexplained failures. When using a Web browser to interact with your Cobalt RaQ 3, you may occasionally experience a browser failure. Released product versions of the browsers are usually more reliable than beta versions, and later versions typically work the most reliably. A browser program failure, although annoying, does not adversely affect your Cobalt RaQ 3’s data.
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Contents Important Safeguards 1 Introduction General iii 1 2 Front view of the RaQ 3 Rear view of the RaQ 3 RaQ 3 requirements 3 4 5 Target audience for the RaQ 3 5 Cobalt Developer Network 5 Organization of the user manual List of chapters and appendices Icons used on the UI and in the manual Customer Service and Technical Support 7 10 10 13 General Cobalt information 13 Cobalt Technical Support and Service 13 Further information 14 Before contacting Cobalt Networks Technical Support 15
Contents Phase 2: Setting up with the Web browser Configuring the RaQ 3 with the Setup Wizard 23 Entering the network settings 24 Entering the administrator settings 25 Entering the service settings 26 Entering the time settings 27 Completing configuration with the Setup Wizard Registering the RaQ 3 online Registering online at a later time Registering the RaQ 3 3 RaQ 3 Server Management Approaches to RaQ 3 administration Definition of a virtual site Site management 27 27 29 30 31 33 34 35 Sea
Contents Maintenance Backup 58 58 Manual backup 59 Scheduled backup 61 Backup file locations 62 Restore 63 Install software 66 Third-party software 67 Add-on storage support 68 Suspend a virtual site 69 Hard suspension 69 Reboot 70 Shutdown 70 Support tools 71 Site Usage 72 System Status 74 System components Central processing unit (CPU) 75 75 Memory 75 Disk 75 Network Services 75 76 Web server 76 Email 76 File transfer protocol (FTP) 76 Telnet 76 Simple Network
Contents Entering user email settings and aliases Mail Forwarding and Vacation Reply 86 Email aliases 86 Changing user settings 88 Modify settings for a site user 88 Modify email options for a site user 89 Remove a site user 89 Mailing list management 90 Adding a mailing list 91 Modifying a mailing list 92 Removing a mailing list Site settings 93 93 Changing site settings 94 Suspend a virtual site 96 Soft suspension 96 Suspend a site user 96 FTP settings 97 SSL settings 98 Ob
Contents 5 Using Services on a Site Managing Your Personal Profile 117 117 Modify site user 118 Email 118 Forward email to Vacation reply 119 120 Usage data 120 Backup 121 Restore 122 Using email on the RaQ 3 123 Developing Web pages 124 CGI scripts Publishing Web pages using FTP 124 125 Publishing Web pages with FrontPage 126 Using telnet 127 6 New Features on the RaQ 3 129 Add-on storage support 129 Disaster recovery 129 Output bandwidth management 129 Search and sort 129
Contents A Using the LCD Console Changing network configuration 134 Configuring an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) 135 Rebooting 137 Powering down 138 B Product Specifications Technical data for the RaQ 3 139 139 Hardware 139 Software 139 Features 139 System management 140 Partner solutions 141 Physical data 141 Regulatory approvals 141 Upgrading your RaQ 3 Opening the RaQ 3 Adding a memory module or PCI card Printed circuit board C Advanced Information xii 133 142 142 143 14
Contents D Domain Name System Basic DNS 149 149 Enabling the DNS server feature 150 Configuring a primary DNS server 150 Specifying a reverse lookup (PTR) record 151 Specifying a mail server (MX) record 152 Specifying an alias (CNAME) record 152 Configuring a secondary DNS server Advanced DNS 153 154 Network Mask Notation Conversion 154 Delegating a subdomain 155 Delegating a subnet 156 Configuring server settings 156 Start of Authority (SOA) configuration 157 Name server (NS) 158
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Chapter 1 Introduction The Cobalt RaQTM 3 is a third-generation server appliance that provides a dedicated web-hosting platform and offers new capabilities for high-traffic, complex web sites and e-commerce applications. The RaQ 3 server appliance offers a full suite of Internet services with remote administration capabilities, pre-packaged in a single rack-unit (1RU) industry-standard enclosure.
Chapter 1 The RaQ 3 provides a complete solution for virtual site hosting, Web publishing, file transfer, email and third-party applications: • Access to a broad range of Web and file transfer protocol (FTP) publishing capabilities. The RaQ 3 supports the common gateway interface (CGI) using Perl scripting (or the language of your choice) for creating interactive applications on the Web. • Support for multiple Internet or intranet sites.
Introduction Front view of the RaQ 3 Figure 1 RaQ 3 front view S E 1 1. 2 3 4 5 6 The Status Indicators signal Ethernet and hard drive activity: Tx/Rx (Transmit/Receive) blinks when there is network traffic on the primary interface. Link indicates an active network connection on the primary interface. Col blinks when a collision is detected on the primary interface. 100 M indicates that 100 BaseT ethernet is being used on the primary interface. Disk indicates activity on the hard disk drive. 2.
Chapter 1 Rear view of the RaQ 3 Figure 2 RaQ 3 rear view 8 Tx/Rx Link Cobalt Networks and Cobalt RaQ are trademarks of Cobalt Networks, Inc. www.cobalt.com P/N 550-00135-01 Tx/Rx Link 1 100 - 240 VAC 50/60 Hz 1.4 A 60W max 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 1. The Security lock hole is used to lock the unit to a secure location. 2. The Cooling fans maintain proper operating temperature. Ensure that the ventilation holes are not blocked. 3.
Introduction RaQ 3 requirements To use the RaQ 3, you need: • A 10BaseT, 10/100BaseTX or 100BaseTX Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) -based local area network (LAN). • A personal computer (attached to the network) that uses a Web browser (Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet Explorer, versions 4.0 or later). To manage the RaQ 3 from the user interface (UI), your browser must have Java and Javascript enabled.
Chapter 1 A RaQ 3 can host multiple Internet or intranet sites, which can provide Web content, email and FTP services. It can be used by three different kinds of users: • The RaQ 3 Administrator is the person who controls and runs the RaQ 3. This person sets up and maintains the RaQ 3, sets up virtual sites, and sets access privileges and provides services for the Site Administrators and site users. The RaQ 3 Administrator can also act as the Site Administrator for any virtual site.
Introduction Organization of the user manual The user manual is organized according to the user interface (UI). Chapter 3, “RaQ 3 Server Management‚” is based on the Server Management screen with the brown border on the left side. See Figure 3. Chapter 4, “Site Management‚” is based on the Site Management screen with the green border on the left side. See Figure 4. Chapter 5, “Using Services on a Site‚” is based on the Personal Profile screen with the blue border on the left side. See Figure 5.
Chapter 1 Figure 4 8 Site Management screen
Introduction Figure 5 Personal Profile screen 9
Chapter 1 List of chapters and appendices The manual has the following chapters and appendices. Chapter 1 “Introduction” on page 1 summarizes the RaQ 3 functions. Chapter 2 “Setting up the RaQ 3” on page 17 explains RaQ 3 hardware setup and the network integration information. Chapter 3 “RaQ 3 Server Management” on page 31 discusses RaQ 3 Management functions. Chapter 4 “Site Management” on page 79 explains Site Management functions for virtual sites.
Introduction Table 1 Icons used in the manual and UI Icon Description WebServer Only in the Service Settings table of Control Panel on the Management Screen. WebServer is always on. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Only in the Service Settings table of Control Panel on the Management Screen. Legato/Arkeia file backup Only in the Service Settings table of Control Panel on the Management Screen. Domain Name System (DNS) Only in the Service Settings table of Control Panel on the Management Screen.
Chapter 1 Icon Description Modify In the Virtual Sites List on the Server Management screen; used to modify the settings for a virtual site. Modify In the Users List on the Site Management screen; used to modify the settings for a site user. Delete In the Virtual Sites List on the Server Management screen; used to delete a virtual site from a RaQ 3. In the Users List on the Site Management screen; used to delete a site user from a virtual site.
Introduction Customer Service and Technical Support For Cobalt product information, visit the support section of the Cobalt Web site at http://www.cobalt.com/support/. The site includes a Knowledge Base that customers can query; a list of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) that provide additional information is also available through the Knowledge Base. General Cobalt information In the U.S.A., call (888) 70-COBALT or (888) 702-6225, or send email to info@cobalt.com. Outside the U.S.A.
Chapter 1 Further information Cobalt also offers other information resources. Discussion Groups Cobalt has made available a number of discussion groups through which users can share information. To view the current list of Cobalt discussion groups, type the URL http://www.cobalt.com/support/resources/usergroups.html . The names of the discussion groups show up as hypertext links. To subscribe to or unsubscribe from a discussion group, or to view previous postings to a group, click on the group name.
Introduction Education For those who desire a premium level of technical expertise with Cobalt Networks products, we offer a number of training courses. The intended audience includes end users, Cobalt resellers, system and network administrators, systems engineers, product developers, support technicians, consultants and trainers. You can access the site at http://www.cobalt.com/support/education/index.html/ .
Chapter 1 Support tools feature The Support Tools feature is a Web page that assists Technical Support in diagnosing problems on a RaQ 3 unit. On the Server Diagnostics screen, the RaQ 3 Administrator can create and download a data dump of the configuration files on the RaQ 3. This data dump can then be emailed to diagnostics@cobalt.com. A member of the Technical Support team can evaluate the condition of your RaQ 3 before providing you with corrective action, either by telephone or email.
Chapter 2 Setting up the RaQ 3 This chapter guides you through the process of connecting and configuring the RaQ 3 for your network. A typical setup process takes less than 15 minutes, after which you can begin setting up web sites and using other RaQ 3 services. If the RaQ 3 has been previously configured for a different network, refer to “Changing network configuration” in Appendix A. The setup process consists of two phases.
Chapter 2 If you plan to use the RaQ 3 on a flat surface, attach the rubber feet to the five indentations in the bottom of the case; see Figure 6. Figure 6 Rubber feet for the RaQ 3 S E Rubber feet If you plan to operate the RaQ 3 in an equipment rack, first connect the mounting ears to the sides of the RaQ 3 (see Figure 7), near either the front or the rear of the case. Attach the ears to the equipment rack.
Setting up the RaQ 3 Connecting to the network Connect one end of a Category 5 Ethernet cable to the 10/100 Base-T Network 1 connector on the RaQ 3; see Figure 8. Connect the other end of the cable to an existing network socket. Tx/Rx Link Cobalt Networks and Cobalt RaQ are trademarks of Cobalt Networks, Inc. www.cobalt.com P/N 550-00135-01 Tx/Rx Network connectors Link Figure 8 100 - 240 VAC 50/60 Hz 1.
Chapter 2 Configuring the RaQ 3 for the network Now that you have made the network and power connections, you can configure the network settings. The RaQ 3 requires specific network information to function properly. You must enter the necessary information using the LCD console on the front panel.
Setting up the RaQ 3 The arrow buttons function as follows: The Left arrow button moves the cursor to the left. The Right arrow button moves the cursor to the right. The Up arrow button increases the digit located at the cursor position. The Down arrow button decreases the digit located at the cursor position. S E The S button (“select”) displays the next option. The E button (“enter”) accepts the information entered or the option displayed.
Chapter 2 5. Enter the IP address of the gateway for your network. If your network does not have a gateway, do not enter a number — leave the default value, “000.000.000.000.” 6. Press E . The LCD displays: [S]AVE [C]ANCEL 7. To save the configuration information, use the left and right arrow buttons to select [S]ave, and then press E . You will see: VERIFYING AND SAVING Note: Selecting [C]ancel cancels the configuration and the LCD screen displays ENTER IP ADDR: again.
Setting up the RaQ 3 If the RaQ 3’s network settings were configured successfully, then the Cobalt welcome screen appears; see Figure 10. Click the Start button to begin using the Setup Wizard. Figure 10 RaQ 3 Welcome screen Configuring the RaQ 3 with the Setup Wizard To configure the RaQ 3, enter information into the fields on the Setup Wizard screen (see Figure 11). These fields are described in the sections that follow.
Chapter 2 Figure 11 Setup Wizard (part 1 of 2) Entering the network settings Cobalt server name (host name). This is a name you assign to the RaQ 3 — for example, raq1. Domain name. This is the official name that is registered with InterNIC — for example, yourdomain.com. The host name and domain name must be coordinated by the network administrator in order for you to access the RaQ 3 by its name and not just by its IP address. Primary DNS Server Address.
Setting up the RaQ 3 For informational purposes, this table also displays the IP address of the RaQ 3, the subnet mask of your network, your configured gateway and the Media Access Control (MAC) address that uniquely identifies this RaQ 3. These settings, with the exception of the MAC address, can be changed later (through the browser) from the Control Panel section of the Server Management screen.
Chapter 2 Entering the service settings You turn the RaQ 3 services on or off through the Service Settings table. See Figure 12. The default settings for these services are suitable for most users.
Setting up the RaQ 3 After setup has been completed, the Services page in the Control Panel has a “Parameters” column which enables further configuration. Refer to “Control panel” on page 47 for additional information. Entering the time settings In the Time Settings table, select the time and date with the pull-down menus. See Figure 12. Select the correct time zone by clicking in the Region, Country and Locale/Zone fields.
Chapter 2 Figure 13 Online registration page To register the RaQ 3 online: 1. Enter your Full Name. This field must be filled in. 2. As an option, you can enter your title, the company name, the company address, the country and the phone number. 3. Enter either a Fax number or Email address. One of these two fields must be filled in. If you choose email, enter your complete email address in the form xxx@yyyyy.zzz . 4. Click Register through Email to submit the information.
Setting up the RaQ 3 Registering online at a later time If you want to register online at a later time: 1. Click the Cobalt logo in the top left corner of the screen. The Server Configuration Information table appears. 2. Click the About The Product link. The default home page for the RaQ 3 appears. 3. In the bottom right corner, click the link under Product Registration. The Product Registration screen appears. 4. Follow the steps in the previous procedure to register online.
Chapter 2 The default RaQ 3 home page is stored internally under index.html in the Linux directory /home/sites/home/web. This page appears when a user goes to the URL http:///. When the RaQ 3 Administrator changes the index.html file to create a new home page, the default RaQ 3 home page is replaced. Registering the RaQ 3 If you did not register the RaQ 3 online, fill out the registration card included in the packaging materials and return it to Cobalt Networks, Inc.
Chapter 3 RaQ 3 Server Management This chapter describes the functions that the RaQ 3 Administrator normally performs. The RaQ 3 Administrator accesses these functions on the Server Management screen on the RaQ 3. The Server Management screen has a brown strip on the left side. The RaQ 3 Administrator can also perform site-related tasks and user tasks described in Chapters 4 and 5. See “Site Management” on page 79 and “Using Services on a Site” on page 117.
Chapter 3 Table 2 Levels of user 32 User Description RaQ 3 Admin The RaQ 3 owner with the username “admin” has full control of the RaQ 3 and is a member of the main site (which uses the IP address shown on the LCD screen of the RaQ 3). The RaQ 3 can have several Site Administrators, but only one RaQ 3 Administrator. Site Admin The Site Administrator is designated by the RaQ 3 Administrator.
RaQ 3 Server Management Approaches to RaQ 3 administration The RaQ 3 Administrator can decide how many of the server functions he or she wants to manage directly and how much to delegate. • Full control. If the RaQ 3 Administrator wants to control all the functions on the RaQ 3, he or she can create virtual sites without assigning any virtual Site Administrators. The RaQ 3 Administrator is responsible for managing the main site and all the virtual sites. (See “Definition of a virtual site” on page 34.
Chapter 3 Definition of a virtual site Whereas industry uses the term “virtual host”, Cobalt Networks uses the term “virtual site”. In Cobalt’s definition, a virtual site consists of a Domain Name System (DNS) domain with Web, FTP and email services. Each virtual site contains its own list of site user accounts. Each site user account has its own Web, email spool and any number of email aliases.
RaQ 3 Server Management Site management The RaQ 3 is designed to host multiple virtual sites. A virtual site is an individual location on the Internet, such as www.abc.com or www.xyz.com. Each virtual site can have a unique set of users who can send and receive email, publish Web pages, or upload and download files through FTP. A virtual site can also provide anonymous FTP access. Note: A virtual site can be name-based or IP-based.
Chapter 3 In the Site Management section, the Virtual Site List displays the virtual sites by host name in ascending order. The Virtual Site List has four columns which display information about the site, and allow the RaQ 3 Administrator to manage or remove a site. • The first column displays the host name of the virtual site. • The second column displays the IP address of the virtual site.
RaQ 3 Server Management You can sort the list of virtual sites according to the following criteria: • by host name, in ascending or descending order • by IP address, in ascending or descending order Ascending order means from lowest value to the highest value (a–z or 1–9). Descending order means from highest value to the lowest value (z–a or 9–1). By default, the Virtual Site List table is sorted by host name in ascending order.
Chapter 3 To sort the list of virtual sites: 1. To sort according to Host Name, click on the blue arrow icon in the heading of the Host Name column. To sort according to IP Address, click on the blue arrow icon in the heading of the IP Address column. 2. To sort in ascending (up arrow icon) or descending order (down arrown icon), click on the blue arrow icon so that it points in the correct direction. 3. The screen regenerates and displays the results in a table with the same four columns.
RaQ 3 Server Management • Accept Email for Domain The RaQ 3 Administrator can configure the user email addresses to both the fully qualified virtual domain name (user@www.domain.com) and the domain name alone (user@domain.com). • Web Access by Domain The RaQ 3 Administrator can configure the web server to respond to both http://host.domain.com and http://domain.com.
Chapter 3 • Enable Secure POP3 (APOP) The RaQ 3 administrator can enable the Authentication Post Office Protocol (APOP) for a virtual site. APOP is a challenge-response authentication scheme built on top of the standard POP protocol. APOP is designed in a way that protects your password when being sent across the network. Note: If you enable APOP for a user, that user can check his or her email only through an APOP client; a regular POP3 client will not work unless APOP is disabled for that user.
RaQ 3 Server Management To enable the bandwidth management feature: 1. In the Server Management screen, click Site Management on the left. 2. Click the wrench icon next to the virtual site on which you want to enable the bandwidth management feature. 3. Click Site Settings on the left. 4. Click the checkbox next to Bandwidth Limit in the table. 5. The value of the bandwidth limit is in Kb/s. The minimum bandwidth limit is 10 Kb/s. Enter the value of the bandwidth limit in the field. 6.
Chapter 3 Figure 16 shows the screen for configuring the default settings of a virtual site.
RaQ 3 Server Management To edit the default settings for a virtual site: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Site Management. 2. Click Set Virtual Site Defaults. 3. Enter the information for the site. See the descriptions in “Overview of virtual sites” on page 38. 4. Click Save Changes. Once you have configured the default settings, you can modify the settings for each virtual site that you add. Adding a virtual site Figure 17 shows the screen for adding a virtual site.
Chapter 3 To add a virtual site: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Site Management. 2. Click Add Virtual Site. 3. Enter the information for the site (information from the site defaults table is displayed here). 4. Make changes to the information or complete the necessary information. 5. Verify the settings and click Confirm New Site. Adding a name-based virtual site If you are adding a name-based virtual site, you must have DNS records for that site before you can access the site.
RaQ 3 Server Management Both the Site Administrator and the RaQ 3 Administrator can configure the site user default settings. See “Setting defaults for a site user” on page 81. After creating a virtual site, you can add or remove users for that site, and assign a Site Administrator. See “Adding a site user” on page 83. For information on changing the settings for a particular virtual site, see “Changing site settings” on page 94.
Chapter 3 Changing the RaQ 3 Administrator password To change the password for the RaQ 3 Administrator: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Administrator on the left. The Administrator Settings table appears. 2. Enter the new password twice to ensure that you have entered it as intended. For guidelines on choosing a password, see “Entering the administrator settings” on page 25. 3. Click Save Changes.
RaQ 3 Server Management 5. Click Administrator on the left. The Administrator Settings table appears. 6. Enter the password twice to ensure that you have entered it as intended. For guidelines on choosing a password, see “Entering the administrator settings” on page 25. 7. Click Save Changes. Control panel You can configure the services, network and time settings through the Control Panel section of the Server Management screen.
Chapter 3 To manage the settings for the RaQ 3 services: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel on the left. The Service Settings table appears. 2. To turn on any of the services listed in the Service Settings table (except Web server, which is always on), click the check box next to that service. The services are described in the sections that follow. 3. Click Save Changes. Note: Chapter 5 provides instructions for site users on how to use the RaQ 3 services.
RaQ 3 Server Management For the RaQ 3 to receive email, the network or system administrator must enter a mail server host name in your organization’s domain name system (DNS) server. The IP address of the DNS server must be entered in the network settings for the RaQ 3 or the SMTP protocol will not work. For more information, see “Entering the network settings” on page 24. For more information on DNS, see “Domain Name System (DNS) server” on page 55. Figure 19 shows the Email Parameters table.
Chapter 3 To configure the email parameters: 1. In the Service Settings table, click the Parameters link next to Email Server. The Email Parameters table appears. 2. Fill in the fields in the Email Parameters table. The following paragraphs explain these fields. 3. Click Save Changes in the Email Parameters table. 4.
RaQ 3 Server Management Email relaying Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) service is different from Post Office Protocol (POP), telnet and file transfer protocol (FTP) services in that SMTP does not try to authenticate a user when an SMTP connection is made. Every email server on the Internet has to be able to deliver email to you, so the email servers must be able to connect freely to send the email.
Chapter 3 How to enable email relaying To enable email relaying, add the IP addresses (or domain names, or both) of the machines which use your RaQ 3 as the SMTP server. 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click the Parameters link next to Email Server. The Email Parameters table appears. One field is labeled “Relay for the following hosts/domains”. The following paragraphs explain how to fill in this field. . 3.
RaQ 3 Server Management The RaQ 3 Administrator can can enable or disable the FTP server. 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click the check box next to File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Server to on or off. 3. Click Save Changes. Telnet server Telnet access is available but only advanced users should use telnet. An advanced user is someone who is proficient in the workings of a Unix®-style operating system.
Chapter 3 4. Enter the SNMP communities that can have read-only and read-and-write access to this SNMP agent. The default read-access community is “public”. Click Save Changes in the SNMP Parameters table. 5. Click Save Changes in the Service Settings table. Legato file backup You can use the Legato NetWorker® client software to support backup and restore needs on the RaQ 3. To use this feature, you must install the Legato Networker Server software. The software is available at www.legato.com.
RaQ 3 Server Management To enable or disable the Arkeia client-side backup software: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings tble appears. 2. Click the check box next to Arkeia File Backup to on or off. 3. If you are disabling the Arkeia File Backup option, click Save Changes. If you are enabling the Arkeia File Backup option, click on the Parameters link next to the option in the Service Settings table. 4.
Chapter 3 Network The network settings make the RaQ 3 visible to other computers. If you change the IP address, the RaQ 3 reboots. IMPORTANT: Coordinate the network configuration information with your system adminstrator to ensure the integrity of your network. Incorrect network settings can result in a loss of connectivity. To enter or change the network configuration for the RaQ 3: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel on the left. The Service Settings table appears. 2.
RaQ 3 Server Management Figure 20 shows the Settings tables of the Network section.
Chapter 3 Time The RaQ 3 Administrator can configure the correct time and date and the time zone for the RaQ 3. 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel on the left. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click Time at the top. The Time Settings table appears. 3. Select the time and date with the pull-down menus. 4. Select the correct time zone by clicking in the Region, Country and Locale/Zone fields. 5.
RaQ 3 Server Management ! Caution: You can use Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0 to back up a Cobalt server but not to restore a backup file. Upgrade to a later version of Internet Explorer or use a different browser software to restore the backup file. Manual backup This feature allows administrators to manually back up data stored on the RaQ 3. Figure 21 shows the File Backup table.
Chapter 3 To manually back up data stored on the RaQ 3: 1. On the Maintenance screen, click Backup at the top. 2. In “Data to Backup,” select the type of backup: • • • 3. All server configuration, email and user files. This option backs up all the server configuration files for the users and the system setup, all users’ files, all group files and all email in-boxes. All server configuration.
RaQ 3 Server Management Scheduled backup This feature allows administrators to schedule regular automatic backups. Figure 22 shows the Scheduled File Backup table.
Chapter 3 To schedule regular, automatic backups: 1. On the Maintenance screen, click Backup at the top. 2. Click Scheduled Backup. 3. In “Data to Backup,” select the type of Backup, as described in step 2 in “Manual backup” on page 59. 4. To back up all files or to back up files changed within a certain time frame, choose from the pull-down menu adjacent to “Backup files modified in the last.” 5. Choose the frequency of the automatic backup. • • • 6. Choose a backup method. • • • 7.
RaQ 3 Server Management For a backup by Anonymous FTP: • For an anonymous FTP connection, the file must be put in a directory where anonymous FTP users have write access. This is generally the /incoming/ directory. • A location of ftp.server.com/incoming places the backup file on ftp.server.com under the /incoming/ directory. • The “Password” field should contain the password for the specified user or be left blank for anonymous logins.
Chapter 3 ! Caution: You can use Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0 to back up a Cobalt server but not to restore a backup file. Upgrade to a later version of Internet Explorer or use a different browser software to restore the backup file. ! Caution: The system does not merge the current and backed-up data. When data is restored, any changes made to files on the RaQ 3 since the last backup are lost. Figure 23 shows the File Restore table.
RaQ 3 Server Management To restore a backup file: 1. On the Maintenance screen, click Restore at the top. The File Restore table appears. 2. The RaQ 3 saves backed-up data in .raq files. Enter the path and filename of the backup file, or click Browse to select the .raq file archived on your computer which you wish to restore to the server. Restore times can vary widely. Be careful not to interrupt an archive restore as data could be corrupted.
Chapter 3 Install software You can add new software to the RaQ 3 from the browser. You can install new software obtained either from the Cobalt Networks Web site or from a CD supplied by Cobalt Networks. Figure 24 shows the Install Software table. Figure 24 Install Software table To install or upgrade software from Cobalt’s Web site: 66 1. Through your Web browser, go to http://www.cobalt.com/support/. 2. Download the new software to your desktop computer. 3.
RaQ 3 Server Management To install software remotely: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Maintenance on the left. 2. Click Install Software at the top. 3. In the URL field, enter the URL for the package file. This URL directs the browser to the package file on the Cobalt Networks Web site. 4. Click Install a .pkg package to automatically install or upgrade the new software on the RaQ 3. To install software from a CD: 1. Insert the CD into a computer on the same network as the RaQ 3. 2.
Chapter 3 Add-on storage support On a RaQ 3 equipped with a SCSI connector (RaQ 3i configuration only), the Cobalt UI allows disk devices on the SCSI bus to be used as additional storage for virtual sites. A virtual site cannot span multiple disks and the disk must remain connected to the RaQ 3 for proper operation of the virtual sites stored on the disk. The RaQ 3 does not automatically recognize virtual sites on an external disk transferred from another RaQ 3.
RaQ 3 Server Management To add a storage device to the RaQ 3: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Maintenance on the left. 2. Click Storage at the top. 3. Click Add Storage. A lists of available storage devices appears; see Figure 25. By default, all of the devices are selected to be added. To de-select a storage device, click the box beside that device. To add a disk, give the device a unique name. You can use only alphanumeric characters for the name.
Chapter 3 To disable an attached storage device: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Maintenance on the left. 2. Click Storage at the top. 3. Click the pencil icon next to the disk you want to disable. 4. Click the Enable disk checkbox so that it is de-selected. 5. Click Confirm Modify. The browser returns to the previous screen. Reboot Rebooting the RaQ 3 sometimes cures problems with certain services. The Active Monitor software recommends when a reboot is necessary.
RaQ 3 Server Management Support tools The Support Tools feature is a Web page that assists Technical Support in diagnosing problems on a RaQ 3 unit. On the Server Diagnostics screen, the RaQ 3 Administrator can create and download a data dump of the configuration files on the RaQ 3. This data dump can then be emailed to diagnostics@cobalt.com. A member of the Technical Support team can then evaluate the condition of your RaQ 3 before providing you with corrective action, either by telephone or email.
Chapter 3 4. Click Save Changes. This creates the diagnostic dump of your configuration files. A file window appears and prompts you to enter a location on you computer where you want to store the file created. 5. If you are familiar with Linux, you can open this file and look through it to determine the problem. Or you can email the file as an attachment to diagnostics@cobalt.com. 6. When Cobalt Networks receives the diagnostic file by email, a problem ticket is created for your case.
RaQ 3 Server Management Figure 26 shows the a sample of a Total Usage summary report.
Chapter 3 To use the Site Usage function: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Site Usage on the left. The Total Usage bar graph appears. 2. Below the Total Usage bar graph is an option for changing the bar placement on the graph. Click the radio button for the selected type of placement and click Generate Report. The browser regenerates the Total Usage graph and displays the bars as you selected. 3.
RaQ 3 Server Management To view the status of the various system components and services: 1. On the Server Management screen, click System Status on the left or Active Monitor at the bottom left. A table displays the status of the system components and the services. • • • • Green indicates correct functioning. Amber indicates a potential problem. Red indicates that a problem exists. Grey indicates that a component or service is inactive or that no information is available yet. 2.
Chapter 3 Services The Service Status section allows you to monitor Web, email, FTP, telnet, DNS and SNMP services. It follows the same LED conventions as the System Status section. Web server The Web server status chart displays the status of the Web server (green, amber, red or grey). Email The email status chart displays the status of the POP3 server, the IMAP4 server and the SMTP service. This chart indicates whether these servers are operating normally.
RaQ 3 Server Management Active Monitor The RaQ 3 uses Active Monitor software. Active Monitor is a Cobalt Networks utility that runs on a RaQ 3 and updates key system information every 15 minutes. Active Monitor checks: • the status of the RaQ 3 (functioning, warning of failure, failed or inactive) • the status of the services on the RaQ 3 Table 3 explains the colors of the the circles in Active Monitor. To access Active Monitor, click Active Monitor or System Status on the Server Management screen.
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Chapter 4 Site Management There are three types of users on the RaQ 3: the RaQ 3 Administrator, Site Administrators and site users. This chapter describes the functions that the Site Administrator normally performs. The Site Administrator accesses these functions from the Site Management screen on the RaQ 3. The Site Management screen has a green strip on the left side.
Chapter 4 The User List has five columns which display information about the each site user, and allow the RaQ 3 Administrator or Site Administrator to manage or remove a site. • The first column displays the full name of the site user. • The second column displays the user name of the site user. • The third column displays the email alias(es) of the site user.
Site Management User management The User Management section on the Site Management screen allows you to perform administrative functions related to site users: setting the site user defaults, adding or removing users; entering and modifying user names and passwords; managing users’ disk space allocations, telnet access and email aliases. Setting defaults for a site user Before assigning the default values for a site user, you must decide on the needs of your users.
Chapter 4 To edit the default settings for a site user: 1. On the Site Management screen, click Set User Defaults. 2. Enter the information for the site.
Site Management Adding a site user You can add or remove users for a virtual site, and assign a Site Administrator for the site. ! Caution: On the Site Management screen for the main site (for the main site, the trashcan icon is grayed-out, meaning that you cannot delete it), the user settings for the RaQ 3 Administrator can be modified, including name and password. Make sure you remember the RaQ 3 Administrator password.
Chapter 4 To add a site user or Site Administrator: 1. On the Site Management screen, click Add User. 2. Enter the information for the site user. Enter the site user’s name and password, set the allocation of total disk space for the user, enable telnet/shell access (if appropriate), make them a Site Administrator (if appropriate), enable FrontPage user Web (if appropriate) and enable Secure POP3 (APOP) (if appropriate). You can also enter email aliases for this user.
Site Management You can sort the list of site users according to the following criteria: • by full name, in ascending or descending order • by user name, in ascending or descending order Ascending order means from lowest value to the highest value (a–z or 1–9). Descending order means from highest value to the lowest value (z–a or 9–1). By default, the User List table is sorted by user name in ascending order. The screen regenerates and the results are displayed in a table with the same five columns.
Chapter 4 To sort the list of site users: 1. To sort according to Full Name, click on the blue arrow icon in the heading of the Full Name column. To sort according to User Name, click on the blue arrow icon in the heading of the User Name column. 2. To sort in ascending (up arrow icon) or descending order (down arrown icon), click on the blue arrow icon so that it points in the correct direction. 3. The screen regenerates and displays the results in a table with the same five columns.
Site Management Email aliases The Email Alias feature allows you to create an arbitrary e-mail addresses without creating a user account on the RaQ 3. An email message addressed to the alias is forwarded to an existing email address. For example, an email alias lets you setup a temporary or permanent alias email address such as sales@mycompany.com and automatically route messages to a specific email user's mailbox.
Chapter 4 To enable an email alias: To enable an alias for a site user: 1. On the Site Management screen, click Site Settings. 2. Click the check box for “Accept email for domain.” Note: If this option is not selected, a sender must include the host name in the recipient’s email address, for example @www.abc.com. To add an email alias for a site user: To add an email alias for a site user, see “Modify email options for a site user” on page 89.
Site Management Modify email options for a site user To set up or modify the email options for a site user (to enter a forwarding email address, email aliases and an automatic vacation reply), click the blue envelope icon. These options are described in “Entering user email settings and aliases” on page 86. 1. On the Site Management screen, click User Management on the left. 2. Click the blue envelope icon for the site user. The Modify User table appears. 3.
Chapter 4 Mailing list management In the List Management section of the Site Management screen, you can create and manage mailing lists for the virtual site. A mailing list allows a discussion by email between a group of people; the email addresses of the people in the group make up the list. The mailing list is given a name, for example AlphaProject. The mailing list can include users on the RaQ 3 as well as external users.
Site Management Adding a mailing list To add a mailing list on the RaQ 3: 1. On the Site Management screen, click List Management. The Mailing List table appears. 2. Click Add Mailing List. The Add Mailing List table appears. See Figure 31. 3. Enter a name for the mailing list. 4. Enter a password for the mailing list. You need the the password for managing the mailing list. 5.
Chapter 4 Figure 31 shows the Add Mailing List table in the List Management section. Figure 31 Add Mailing List table Modifying a mailing list To modify a mailing list: 92 1. On the Site Management screen, click List Management. The Mailing List table appears. 2. Click the green pencil icon next to the mailing list you want to modify. The Modify Mailing List table appears. 3. Modify the information as neccessary (see the procedure for adding a new mailing list for the options). 4.
Site Management Removing a mailing list To remove a mailing list: 1. On the Site Management screen, click List Management. The Mailing List table appears. 2. Click the brown trashcan icon next to the mailing list you want to delete. A confirmation dialog box appears. 3. Click OK to delete the mailing list. Site settings Only the RaQ 3 Administrator can modify virtual site settings. For Site Administrators who are not the RaQ 3 Administrator, the Site Settings section is a read-only status page.
Chapter 4 Changing site settings To change the settings for a particular virtual site, click the green wrench icon. For an explanation of the fields on the Site Settings table, see“Overview of virtual sites” on page 38. Note: Only the RaQ 3 Administrator can modify the settings for a virtual site. For Site Administrators who are not the RaQ 3 Administrator, the Site Settings section is a read-only status page. Figure 32 shows the screen for changing the site settings of a virtual site.
Site Management To change settings for a particular site: 1. On the Site Management screen, click Site Settings on the left side. The Site Settings table appears. 2. In the Site Settings table, you can set the values of the fields or enable the services: a. IP address b. Host name c. Domain name d. Bandwidth limit e. Accept email for domain f. Web access by domain g. Maximum allowed disk space (MB) h. Maximum number of users i. Enable shell accounts j. Enable CGI scripts k.
Chapter 4 Suspend a virtual site There are two ways to suspend a virtual site on the RaQ 3: a hard suspension and a soft suspension. For more information on hard suspensions, see “Suspend a virtual site” on page 69. Soft suspension The RaQ 3 Administrator can suspend an individual virtual site. All of the site users are denied access to telnet, FTP and POP3/IMAP/APOP services, as well as Web access to their files. The site user accounts continue to receive email. To suspend an individual virtual site: 1.
Site Management FTP settings Only the RaQ 3 Administrator can modify virtual site settings. For Site Administrators who are not the RaQ 3 Administrator, the FTP Settings section is a read-only status page. The RaQ 3 Administrator can enable the anonymous FTP server for the site, set limits on the size of files that can be uploaded and set the number of simultaneous anonymous users. This feature allows users without passwords to download and upload files via FTP, up to the specified disk-space limit.
Chapter 4 To change the FTP settings for your virtual site: 1. On the Site Management screen, click FTP Settings on the left. 2. Enter the settings you want. You can specify the number of megabytes of incoming files to accept and the number of simultaneous users. 3. Click Save Changes. To download files via anonymous FTP, log on to the site with the username “guest” or “anonymous” — you do not need to enter a password.
Site Management At the network level, the first time the browser connects to a server, the browser stores the server’s certificate. This is the encryption part of the secure connection. Each time the browser “thinks” that it is communicating with this same server, it verifies that this same certificate is used to assure the secure connection. At a higher level, a server’s certificate is “signed” by a trusted external authority that the browser knows about, such as VeriSign or Thawte.
Chapter 4 Obtain an externally signed SSL certificate Most users want to create an externally signed SSL certificate. For e-commerce, an externally signed SSL certificate is required. To do this, the RaQ 3 Administrator must perform the following steps. These steps are explained in the following pages. 1. enable the SSL feature on a virtual site (see page 100) 2. generate a self-signed certificate (see page 102) 3.
Site Management To enable SSL on a virtual site: 1. Go to the Server Management screen. 2. Click the green wrench icon next to the virtual site on which you want to enable SSL. The Site Management screen appears. 3. Click Site Settings on the left side. See Figure 34. 4. Click the check box next to Enable SSL. Note: This feature only enables the public web server; it does not enable the SSL administrative server. See “SSL certificate for the main site” on page 105. 5. Click Save Changes.
Chapter 4 Generate a self-signed certificate Once the RaQ 3 Administrator has enabled SSL, the user must now create a self-signed certificate. The self-signed certificate can be signed later by an external authority. 1. On the Site Management screen, click SSL Settings on the left side. The Certificate Subject Information screen appears. See Figure 35. 2. Enter the following information: Country Enter the two-letter country code (for example, AU for Australia or US for United States).
Site Management Figure 35 shows the blank form for generating an SSL certificate.
Chapter 4 Figure 36 shows the processed information of a self-signed SSL certificate.
Site Management SSL certificate for the main site If the browser prompts you for your username and password, you have enabled SSL on the main site of the RaQ 3. The browser prompts you since this secure connection is in fact a new connection to the RaQ 3. Generating a certificate for the main site is a special case and causes three things to happen: 1. SSL is enabled for all RaQ 3 management screens (both server management and site management). 2. The SSL administration server is enabled for the RaQ 3.
Chapter 4 Submit the information to an external certification authority To submit the information from the self-signed certificate to an external certification authority: 1. On the SSL settings screen, highlight and copy the information from the “Certificate Request” window of your self-signed certificate. 2. Open a new browser window and go to the Web site for one of the certification authorities (for example, Thawte or VeriSign). 3.
Site Management Delete an SSL certificate ! Caution: If you delete the SSL certificate, you delete the private key as well. If you delete the private key, you will need to purchase a new SSL certificate from the external certification authority. Note: Deleting the certificate from the main site removes the certificate from the virtual sites to which the certificate has been propagated. In addition, it removes the secure connection to the administration server (it reverts from https: to http:).
Chapter 4 Site Usage The Site Usage feature allows the Site Administrator to monitor the amount of bandwidth consumed by Web, email and FTP traffic generated by a virtual site as well as disk usage for the virtual site. For the Site Usage feature on the Server Management screen, see “Site Usage” on page 72. The reports are generated each night at 1:00 a.m and the statistics are updated once daily for all services; the results are presented in tables.
Site Management To use the Site Usage function: 1. On the Site Management screen, click Site Usage on the left. The Web Usage table appears. • • • • 2. Web displays the Web Usage table for the virtual site. FTP displays the FTP Usage table for the virtual site. Email displays the Email Usage table for the virtual site. Disk displays information concerning the disk usage for the virtual site as a whole, as well as the disk usage for each site user.
Chapter 4 Manual backup A Site Administrator can manually back up data stored on the RaQ 3. 1. On the Site Management screen, click Backup. The File Backup table appears. See Figure 38. 2. In “Data to Backup,” select the type of backup: • • 3. All email, Web and user files on this site This option backs up the files for all the site users (including the administrator) and email, as well as the site Web and FTP data.
Site Management Figure 38 shows the File Backup table for a virtual site. Figure 38 Backup table for a virtual site Scheduled backup A Site Administrator can schedule regular automatic backups. To schedule regular, automatic backups: 1. On the Site Management screen, click Backup. The File Backup table appears. 2. Click Scheduled Backup. The Scheduled File Backup table appears. See Figure 39. 3. In “Data to Backup,” select the type of Backup, as described in step 2 in “Manual backup” on page 110. 4.
Chapter 4 6. Choose a backup method. • • • 7. FTP Server writes the backup file to an FTP server. NFS places the backup file on a mountable NFS resource. SMB Server (Windows File Sharing) places the backup file onto a directory shared from a Windows machine. Enter a location for storing the backup data. The location you specify depends in part on the backup method you select in step 6. See “Backup File Locations” below for an explanation of locations you can enter here. 8. Click Save Changes.
Site Management Backup file locations For a backup by an FTP Server: • A location of @ftp.server.com puts the backup file in the initial login directory. • A location of @ftp.server.com/path/to/backups/ puts the backup file in the specified path on the server, using to login. For a backup by Anonymous FTP: • For an anonymous FTP connection, the file must be put in a directory where anonymous FTP users have write access. This is generally the /incoming/ directory.
Chapter 4 Restore You must restore data from the same machine on which the data was backed up. Site Administrators can restore files only to their own site. ! Caution: The system restores data only (for example, email messages stored on the server or Web files). It does NOT restore virtual sites or site users to a RaQ 3. ! Caution: You can use Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0 to back up a Cobalt server but not to restore a backup file.
Site Management 3. If you want to restore only some of the files, click Selective Restore. 4. Click Restore A Backup File below the File Restore table. Note: Restoring large backup archives can cause your Web browser to timeout. If you upload the “.raq” archive with FTP to the Administrator’s home directory, it is selectable from a menu on the restore screen. Archive restores are not possible with Microsoft Internet Explorer version 3.
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Chapter 5 Using Services on a Site This chapter describes the functions that site users can perform on the RaQ 3. As a site user, you can change your user name and password, set email options, monitor the use of disk space in your directory, back up and restore your files, send and receive email, and create and upload Web pages and other files. Managing Your Personal Profile You manage your directory using any standard browser.
Chapter 5 Figure 40 Modify User table Modify site user You can change your full name and password. To modify your settings: 1. On the Personal Profile screen, click Modify User. The Modify User table appears. See Figure 40. 2. Change the settings. 3. Click Confirm Modify. Email The email section allows you to select email options.
Using Services on a Site Figure 41 shows the Email Settings table for a site user. Figure 41 Email Settings table To set your email options: 1. On the Personal Profile screen, click Email on the left. The Email Settings table appears. 2. In the Email Settings table, select the options that are described in the next two sections. 3. Click Save Changes. Forward email to You can forward your RaQ 3 email to another email account.
Chapter 5 Vacation reply You can create a vacation-reply message that is automatically sent to each person who sends you email. This feature is useful when you know that you will not be reading or responding to incoming email messages for a period of time. A vacation-reply email is sent only once a week to each sender. To set up a vacation reply: 1. Click the Vacation Reply check box to enable the function. 2.
Using Services on a Site Backup As a site user, you can back up your files. When you click “Backup My Files”, your Web browser provides a default filename and path. This file contains all of your backup data, including your home directory files, your email inbox and your vacation autoresponder message. It does NOT back up the settings for your virtual site. You can change the path or the filename, but the file MUST have the extension .raq in order for the Restore function to work properly.
Chapter 5 Restore Restore allows you to restore all files and subdirectories in your home directory from a .raq backup file. ! Caution: The system restores data only (for example, email messages stored on the server or Web files). It does NOT restore virtual sites or site users to a RaQ 3. To restore the backed-up files (from your local disk to your RaQ 3 home directory): 1. On the Personal Profile screen, click Restore on the left. The File Restore table appears. 2. Click Browse and select the .
Using Services on a Site Using email on the RaQ 3 To use all of the email capabilities on the RaQ 3, the email parameter settings must be correct; see “Email server” on page 48. You must also configure your email application to send and retrieve email from the RaQ 3. Ensure the following information is entered into your email program: 1. Email address The format is: @hostname.domainname (for example, myname@raq1.cobalt.
Chapter 5 Developing Web pages You can create complex Web pages using any of the standard HTML editors and the HTML publishing capabilities of many popular desktop productivity applications. You can create and link the Web pages on your desktop computer, and then move them to the appropriate subdirectory in the RaQ 3 through a file transfer protocol (FTP) application; see “Publishing Web pages using FTP” on page 125.
Using Services on a Site Publishing Web pages using FTP After creating your Web pages, you can publish them on the RaQ 3 using FTP. Make sure you have the following information: • the host name or the IP address of your RaQ 3 • your username and password • a filename of your choice to save as your main page (the default is index.html) Launch your FTP software and establish an FTP link to the RaQ 3. Upload your HTML files. If you need help, consult the instructions for your FTP application.
Chapter 5 Publishing Web pages with FrontPage If FrontPage Server Extensions are enabled on a site, a Site Administrator can open the site “root web” using Microsoft FrontPage software. To publish a Web page using FrontPage: 1. Using FrontPage Explorer on a personal computer, select Open FrontPage Web. 2. Select More Webs. 3. Type the exact virtual site host name into the Web Server field. 4. Click List Webs. 5. Choose the web named root web. 6. Click OK.
Using Services on a Site Using telnet Warning to the RaQ Administrator: You can adversely affect the performance of your RaQ 3 if you modify system configuration files. Check your warranty card for details. Warning: Direct root logins are not allowed on the RaQ 3. To obtain a root shell, telnet to the server and login as the user “admin”. From the command prompt, type “su -” and press enter. Enter the administrator’s password at the password prompt. Only the RaQ 3 Administrator can su - to root.
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Chapter 6 New Features on the RaQ 3 The following sections describe the new features available on the RaQ 3. Add-on storage support On a RaQ 3 equipped with a SCSI connector (RaQ 3i configuration only), the Cobalt UI allows disk devices on the SCSI bus to be used as additional storage for virtual sites. For more information, see “Add-on storage support” on page 68. Disaster recovery The RaQ 3 uses Arkeia software. The Arkeia software can be used to back up the content and data on the RaQ 3.
Chapter 6 Virtual sites You can search the list of virtual sites according to the following criteria: • by host name or IP address • whether the host name or IP address is equal to the search string, is contained in the search string or is not contained in the search string You can sort the list of virtual sites according to the following criteria: • by host name, in ascending or descending order • by IP address, in ascending or descending order For more information on the search and sort features
New features on the RaQ 3 For more information on Site Usage on the Server Management screen, see “Site Usage” on page 72. The Site Usage feature on the Site Management screen now allows the Site Administrator to monitor the amount of bandwidth consumed by email and FTP traffic generated by a virtual site, as well as the Web and disk usage. Report graphs for the traffic are generated on a daily, weekly and monthly basis.
Chapter 6 Suspend a virtual site There are two ways to suspend a virtual site on the RaQ 3: a hard suspension and a soft suspension. A hard suspension occurs when a storage device is disabled through the UI or is disconnected from the RaQ 3. In this case, all virtual sites on that storage device are inaccessible. You cannot administer these sites, and users cannot receive email. For more information on hard suspensions, see “Suspend a virtual site” on page 69.
Appendix A Using the LCD Console During startup, the LCD screen on the front panel of the RaQ 3 displays status information about the boot process itself. When setting up the RaQ 3, you use the LCD console to enter network configuration information for the RaQ 3. Once the RaQ 3 is running, the LCD console serves several purposes.
Appendix A Changing network configuration To reset the IP address or change the network configuration of the Network 1 interface: 1. On the LCD console, hold down the S button for approximately 2 seconds. The LCD screen displays: SELECT: SETUP NETWORK 2. Press the E button. 3. Enter the IP address using the arrow buttons. The left and right arrow buttons move the cursor position to the left or right. The up and down arrow buttons increase or decrease the digit at the cursor position. 4.
Using the LCD Console Configuring an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) The are two options for configuring the RaQ 3 for a UPS: as the master or as a slave. The master communicates directly to the UPS through the serial port. The slave (or slaves) communicates with the master to verify the status of the power supply. To configure a RaQ 3 as the master, you must first connect the RaQ 3 to the UPS through the serial port. If you configure a RaQ 3 as the master, the RaQ 3 configures itself automatically.
Appendix A First, configure the RaQ 3 that will serve as the master. To configure the RaQ 3 for the UPS: 1. On the LCD console, hold down the S button for approximately 2 seconds. The LCD screen displays: SELECT: SETUP NETWORK 2. Press the S button until Configure UPS appears in the LCD screen: SELECT: CONFIGURE UPS 3. Press the E button. 4. Use the arrow buttons to toggle the cursor between [ ] On and [ ] Off. Select [ ] On. 5. Press the E button. 6.
Using the LCD Console To verify that you have configured the UPS correctly: 1. Unplug the UPS unit from the wall socket to simulate a power outage to the UPS. 2. The UPS takes over the power supply to the RaQ 3s. Each of the RaQ 3 units monitoring the UPS displays on the LCD screen: UPS: ON BATTERY 3. Plug the UPS into the wall socket again. Each of the RaQ 3 units monitoring the UPS displays on the LCD screen: UPS: POWER RESTORED Rebooting To reboot the RaQ 3 through the LCD console: 1.
Appendix A Powering down ! Caution: To prevent the potential loss of data, it is important to follow the proper power-down procedure before turning off the RaQ 3. To power down the RaQ 3: 1. On the LCD console, hold down the S button for approximately 2 seconds. The LCD screen displays: SELECT: SETUP NETWORK 2. Press the S button until Power down appears in the LCD screen: SELECT: POWER DOWN 3. Press the E button. 4. Use the arrow buttons to toggle the cursor between [Y] and [N].
Appendix B Product Specifications Technical data for the RaQ 3 Hardware The RaQ 3 has the following hardware components. • x86-compatible superscalar processor • Up to 512 KB of L2 cache • 64-MB to 512-MB PC-100 SDRAM DIMMs (2 slots) (3.
Appendix B • Email protocol support: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP4), Post Office Protocol (POP3), Authentication Post Office Protocol (APOP) • File transfer protocol (FTP), anonymous FTP access • Telnet access • Domain Name System (DNS) server • 128-bit Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) • FrontPage 2000 server extensions • NTP client support • Cobalt Bandwidth Management software • Java support for Java Run-time Environment version 1.
Product Specifications Partner solutions • E-commerce • Database • Backup • Analysis and usage statistics Physical data The RaQ 3 has the following physical characteristics. • Dimensions: 17.00 in. x 12.50 in. x 1.75 in. (43.2 cm x 31.8 cm x 4.5 cm; fits in a standard single-unit, 19-in. equipment rack) • Weight: 9 lbs. 3 oz. (4.
Appendix B Upgrading your RaQ 3 The RaQ 3 unit is a single rack-unit (1RU) enclosure. Before you purchase a component to add to the RaQ 3, ensure that the component fits into the allocated space: • The DIMM modules must be less than 1.5 inches (38.1 mm) tall and less than 0.158 inches (4.0 mm) thick. • The PCI expansion slot has been designed to accommodate the PCI standard short card form factor, with some additional space for longer cards. The PCI card must be less than 10.5 inches (267 mm) long.
Product Specifications Adding a memory module or PCI card Be careful not to damage components during the upgrade. 5. Adding a memory module • 6. Adding a PCI expansion card • • • • 7. You can install a DIMM module in either Memory Slot 1 or Slot 2. See Figure 44. Remove the PCI slot cover, and its retainer and screw. See Figure 43. Plug the PCI card into the PCI connector. See Figure 44. Replace the PCI retainer and screw to hold the PCI card in place.
Heat sink 144 USB port Memory slot 1 Screw hole Status Indicators (LEDs) Power connector Screw hole Screw Network 2 hole (RaQ 3i Network 1 only) PCI connector (RaQ 3i only) Serial connector IDE hard drive connector Console serial port View from top External SCSI connector (RaQ 3i only) Screw hole Memory slot 2 Figure 44 Screw hole Screw hole Appendix B Printed circuit board Figure 44 shows the layout of the printed circuit board in the RaQ 3.
Appendix C Advanced Information Serial console port You can connect a console terminal to the DB-9 connector on the back panel of the RaQ 3. The terminal can be either an ASCII terminal or a PC running terminal software. The console terminal should have the following communications parameters — 115 200 baud, 8 data bits, no parity and one stop bit. Development tools The RaQ 3 provides a collection of utilities to support applications development and server administration.
Appendix C These utilities can be found in one of the following directories: /sbin /bin /usr/sbin /usr/bin For an expanded set of development tools, visit the Solutions directory on Cobalt Networks’ web site (http://www.cobalt.com/solutions/) Additionally, the Linux distribution on the RaQ 3 is based on the RedHat Linux 6.0 distribution for x86-compatible processor systems.
Advanced Information • File transfer protocol (FTP) /etc/proftpd.conf • Web /etc/httpd/conf/*.conf Directory structure The disk on the RaQ 3 is partitioned into four segments. Most of the available disk space is on the partition mounted from /home. It is recommended to do most of your work under this partition. By default, quotas are turned on in this partition and are used extensively by the system software.
Appendix C For example, a file saved as: /home/sites//web/testdir/test.html is accessed through the URL: http://testdir/test.html Note: refers to the hostname.domainname of the corresponding virtual site.
Appendix D Domain Name System Basic DNS The Internet uses a distributed naming system called the Domain Naming System (DNS). DNS allows us to refer to computers by host names as well as by Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. IP addresses are hard to remember and are inconvenient to use. DNS allows us to use host names and domain names which can resolved to IP addresses. DNS servers translate host names and domain names (for example, www.cobalt.com) to an associated IP address (for example, 192.168.1.10.
Appendix D Enabling the DNS server feature IMPORTANT: Always click Save Changes to DNS Server after modifying DNS records. If you do not, the changes will not take effect. To enable the DNS server on the RaQ 3: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click the check box for Domain Name System (DNS) Server to turn it on (if it is not already turned on). 3. Click Save Changes.
Domain Name System 7. You can enable Automatic Reverse Lookup Generation for this IP address and host name pair so that IP address/host name pairs can be resolved in both directions. Reverse lookup (PTR) records that are generated automatically assume the network mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits.) 8. Click Update List. 9. Click Save Changes to DNS Server. Specifying a reverse lookup (PTR) record A DNS server can also resolve a computer host name to an IP address, which is known as reverse lookup.
Appendix D Specifying a mail server (MX) record To specify a mail server (MX) record: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click Parameters next to the DNS service in the Service Settings table. 3. Select Mail Server (MX) from the Add... pull-down menu. 4. Enter the host name and domain name you want to serve (for example, www and your domain.com) and enter its IP address (for example, 192.168.1.1) and network mask (for example, 24). 5.
Domain Name System 4. Enter the host name and domain name for which you want to create an alias (for example, www and yourdomain.com) and enter the host name and domain name for the target. The target host name is optional. 5. Click Update List. 6. Click Save Changes to DNS Server. Configuring a secondary DNS server The RaQ 3 Administrator can configure a secondary DNS server to provide redundant DNS service to your computers.
Appendix D Advanced DNS Network Mask Notation Conversion Use Table 4 to convert between dot-quad and bit-count subnet mask and network size notations Table 4 Network Mask Notation Conversion. 154 Dot-Quad Bit count 255.0.0.0 8 255.128.0.0 9 255.192.0.0 10 255.224.0.0 11 255.240.0.0 12 255.248.0.0 13 255.252.0.0 14 255.254.0.0 15 255.255.0.0 16 255.255.128.0 17 255.255.192.0 18 255.255.224.0 19 255.255.240.0 20 255.255.248.0 21 255.255.252.0 22 255.255.254.0 23 255.255.
Domain Name System IMPORTANT: Always click Save Changes to DNS Server after modifying DNS records. If you do not, the changes will not take effect. Delegating a subdomain DNS servers are organized hierarchically. You can delegate the name server authority for subdomains of any domain served by the RaQ 3 to other name servers. For example, domain.com can be served authoritatively by a RaQ 3 by defining an Address (A) Record using that domain. A subdomain, such as remote.domain.
Appendix D Delegating a subnet You can delegate the name-server authority for a network to a remote DNS server. To delegate the subnet naming authority to a remote DNS server: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click Parameters next to the DNS service in the Service Settings table. 3. Select the parent network from the Select Domain or Network... pull-down menu. 4. Select Delegate Subnetwork from the Add... pull-down menu. 5.
Domain Name System 5. A zone transfer allows another DNS server to download the complete list of hosts maintained by your DNS server. By default, zone transfers are unrestricted. However, you can restrict zone transfers if you want. Enter IP addresses or network addresses in the Zone Transfer Access field; this automatically causes zone transfers to become restricted. Now, only the IP addresses or network addresses listed in this field are able to perform zone transfers. 6. Click Save Changes. 7.
Appendix D Name server (NS) The primary name server defaults to the host name of the RaQ 3. You can specify the qualified host name of the secondary DNS server for that domain in the Secondary Name Server (NS) host name field. Some top-level domain registration organizations require that the secondary name server record be defined. Domain administrator email address The email address defaults to the user name “admin” of the RaQ 3.
Domain Name System Quick Start Guide for Domain Name Service (DNS) This quick start guide assumes that you have already done two things: 1. You have registered your domain with InterNIC or some other registration service. If you have not, refer to the FAQ section on Cobalt’s web site (http://www.cobalt.com/support, under the Knowledge Base link) for information on registering your domain name.
Appendix D These records allow anyone on the Internet to type either “mydomain.com” or “www.mydomain.com” in order to access your Web site. To set up these records, go to the Parameters section of the DNS server in the Cobalt user interface (UI). 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click the check box to enable Domain Name System (DNS) service. 3. Click Save Changes. The browser screen refeshes. 4.
Domain Name System 5. Create an Address (A) Record for mydomain.com. • • • • • • Select Address (A) Record from the Add... pull-down menu Leave the Host Name field blank. In the Domain Name field, type mydomain.com. In the IP Address field, type 192.168.10.10. Ensure the check box for Automatic Reverse Address Record Generation is checked. This automatically creates the Reverse Address (PTR) Record. Click Update List. The DNS Settings table is regenerated showing mydomain.com, as in Figure 46.
Appendix D 6. Create an Address (A) Record for “www.mydomain.com”. • • • • • • Select Address (A) Record again from the Add... pull-down menu. In the Host Name field, type www. In the Domain Name field, type mydomain.com. In the IP Address field, type 192.168.10.10. Remove the check from the check box for Automatic Reverse Address Record Generation. Click Update List. Note: Do not make this a CNAME record. Some email server software cannot process CNAME records.
Domain Name System 7. To receive mail for “mydomain.com”, create a Mail Server (MX) Record. An MX record is similar to a A record but points to a name rather than an IP address. It is critical that the MX record point to a name which has a corresponding A record with the proper IP address. • • • • • • 8. Select Mail Server (MX) Record from the Add... pull-down menu. Leave the Host Name field blank. In the Domain Name field, type mydomain.com. In the Mail Server field, type www.mydomain.com.
Appendix D To edit another domain, select another domain from the Select Domain or Network... pull-down menu. You can select any domain that you have configured for the DNS server. To add a new domain, use the Add... pull-down menu again. In the Domain Name field, replace the default domain name with the new domain name that you want to create. For further information, refer to the following: • In the Cobalt Knowledge Base, search on “DNS”. • http://www.dnswiz.com/dnsworks.htm • http://www-europe.
Domain Name System DNS is a distributed database that allows local administration of the segments on the overall database. Data in each segment of the database are available across the entire network through a client-server scheme consisting of name servers and resolvers. What is a DNS record? People are much more comfortable dealing with names rather than strings of numbers. A domain name such as “cobalt.
Appendix D To determine which primary name server contains your domain name: 1. The local name server (the DNS resolver/browser machine) contacts the root domain name server maintained by the serveral Internet root server authorities. 2. The root domain name server returns the IP address of the primary name server responsible for the requested domain name. 3. The local name server contacts the primary name server. 4.
Appendix E Licenses THE BSD COPYRIGHT Copyright ©1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2.
Appendix E GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License.
Licenses These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works.
Appendix E 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.
Licenses 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. NO WARRANTY 11.
Appendix E SSL LICENSE Copyright (c) 1998-1999 Ralf S. Engelschall. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2.
Appendix F Glossary 10/100 BaseTX An Ethernet connection over twisted-pair cables with a throughput of 10 Mb/s or 100 Mb/s. 10BaseT A 10-Mb/s baseband Ethernet specification using two pairs of twisted-pair cabling (Category 3, 4, or 5): one pair for transmitting data and the other for receiving data. 10BaseT (part of the IEEE 802.3 specification) has a distance limit of approximately 328 feet (100 meters) per segment.
Appendix F Authentication Post Office Protocol (APOP) Authentication POP is a challenge-response authentication scheme built on top of the standard POP protocol. APOP is designed in a way that protects your password from being sent across the network. To keep your password safe, the server stores your password in a file on local disk. When your mail client connects to the APOP server, a magic string is sent back.
Glossary Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) A protocol that provides a mechanism for allocating IP addresses dynamically so that an address can be reused when a host no longer needs it. Encryption The transformation of data into a form unreadable by anyone without a secret decryption key. Its purpose is to ensure privacy by keeping the information hidden from anyone for whom it is not intended.
Appendix F IEEE 802.3 IEEE local area network (LAN) protocol that specifies an implementation of the physical layer and the media access control (MAC) sublayer of the data link layer. IEEE 802.3 uses CSMA/CD access at a variety of speeds over a variety of physical media. Extensions to the IEEE 802.3 standard specify implementations for Fast Ethernet. Physical variations of the original IEEE 802.3 specification include 10Base2, 10Base5, 10BaseF, 10BaseT and 10Broad36.
Glossary IP address A 32-bit address assigned to hosts using Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). An IP address belongs to one of five classes (A, B, C, D or E) and is written as four octets separated by periods (for example, 192.168.10.10), also called the dotted decimal format. Each address consists of a network number, an optional subnetwork number and a host number.
Appendix F Name server Programs called name servers constitute the server half of the DNS client-server mechanism. A name server contains information about a segment of the DNS database and makes it available to a client called a resolver. A resolver is often just a library routine that creates queries and sends them across a network to a name server. NAT see Network Address Translation (NAT) Network Address Translation (NAT) A mechanism for reducing the need for globally unique IP addresses.
Glossary Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Secure Sockets Layer is a program layer created by Netscape Communications for managing the security of message transmissions in a network. Netscape’s idea was that the programming for keeping your messages confidential ought to be contained in a program layer between higher-level protocols (such as HTTP or IMAP) and the TCP/IP layers of the Internet.
Appendix F Server A system program that awaits requests from client programs across a network, and services those requests. A server can be dedicated, in which case this is its sole function, or non-dedicated, where the system can be used in other ways, such as a workstation.
Glossary Subnet mask A number that, in conjunction with an IP address, defines the set of IP addresses that are considered “local.” For example, if your IP address is 192.168.25.77 and your subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, then addresses between 192.168.25.1 and 192.168.25.255 are considered local. Swap file A space on a hard disk used as the virtual memory extension of a computer's random access memory (RAM).
Appendix F Virtual site Whereas industry uses the term virtual host, Cobalt Networks uses the term virtual site. In Cobalt’s definition, a virtual site consists of a Domain Name System (DNS) domain with Web, FTP and email services. Each virtual site contains its own list of site user accounts. Each site user account has its own Web, email spool and any number of email aliases. The fully qualified domain name of a virtual site is unique to that site, while its IP address can be shared by many sites.
Index Numerics 10/100BaseTX 5, 173 100BaseTX 5, 173 10BaseT 5, 173 A Accept email for domain 39 Active Monitor 77 status colors 77 Adding email alias 89 mailing list 91 PCI card 142 site user 83 virtual site 43 Add-on storage 68 Address (A) record 159 Administration of RaQ 3 distributed control 33 full control 33 hybrid control 33 Administration server for SSL 105 Advanced DNS 154 configuring server settings 156 delegating a subdomain 155 delegating a subnet 156 domain administrator email address 158 expir
Index record address (A) 159 alias (CNAME) 152 mail server (MX) 152 reverse lookup (PTR) 151 Battery iii Block email.
Index DNS configuring primary DNS server 150 secondary DNS server 153 server settings 156 delegating subdomain 155 subnet 156 description 149 domain administrator email address 158 enabling DNS server 150 expire interval 158 history of DNS 164 how does DNS work 165 name server 158 Network Mask Notation Conversion 154 quick start guide 159 record address (A) 159 alias (CNAME) 152 mail server (MX) 152 reverse lookup (PTR) 151 refresh interval 158 retry interval 158 service status 76 Start of Authority (SOA) c
Index F I Forwarding email 86, 119 Front view 3 LCD arrow buttons 3 LCD screen 3 logo badge 3 reset password 3 status indicators 3 FrontPage publishing web pages 126 virtual site 39 FTP anonymous FTP 40 control panel 52 publishing web pages 125 service status 76 settings 26, 97 settings, changing 98 Icons 10 Install software on RaQ 3 66 CD-ROM 67 Cobalt web site 66 remotely 67 Installing the RaQ 3 17 configuring for network 20 connecting power cord 19 connecting to network 19 mounting ears 18 powering o
Index M N Mail forwarding 86 Mail server (MX) record 152 Mailing lists 90 adding 91 modifying 92 removing 93 Maintenance 58 add-on storage 68 backup 58 RaQ 3, file locations 62 RaQ 3, manual 59 RaQ 3, scheduled 61 virtual site, file location 113 virtual site, manual 110 virtual site, scheduled 111 install software 66 CD-ROM 67 Cobalt web site 66 remotely 67 rebooting 70 restore RaQ 3 63 shutdown 70 support tools 71 suspend virtual site, hard 69 Maximum allowed disk space, virtual site 39 Maximum message
Index P R Partners 15 solutions 141 Password RaQ 3 administrator changing password 46 resetting password 46 resetting, RaQ 3 3 PCI adding card 142 expansion slot 4 Personal profile 117 Physical data, RaQ 3 141 Power cord iv, 19 Power socket 4 Power switch 4 Powering down the RaQ 3 138 Powering on the RaQ 3 19 Primary DNS server configuration 150 Primary DNS server address 24 Printed circuit board 144 Product specifications 139 hardware 139 physical data 141 printed circuit board 144 regulatory approvals
Index setting up with browser 22 network settings 24 registration, mail-in card 30 registration, online 27 service settings 26 Setup Wizard 23 time settings 27 site management 35, 79 site usage 72 site user 81 support tools 71 system status 74 services 76 system components 75 target audience 5 technical data 139 hardware 139 physical data 141 printed circuit board 144 regulatory approvals 141 software features 139 software, partner solutions 141 software, system management 140 virtual site, definition 34 Re
Index Secondary DNS server configuration 153 Secondary DNS server address 24 Secure POP3 virtual site 40 Secure sockets layer.
Index Site user adding 83 backup 121 changing email options 89 changing user settings 88 default settings 81 directory structure home page 148 email options 118 modifying 118 personal profile 117 removing 86 restore 122 search feature 84 services on a site 117 sort feature 84 telnet service 127 usage data 120 Smart relay host name, email 50 SMTP server 48 SNMP agent 26, 53 service status 76 Software features 139 new features 129 partner solutions 141 system management 140 Solutions 15, 141 Sort site user 84
Index T Target audience, RaQ 3 5 Technical data 139 Technical Support 13 contact information 13 developers 15 discussion groups 14 Knowledge Base 14 online technical papers 14 solutions 15 support calls 15 support tools feature 16 Telnet service status 76 site services 127 telnet server 26 control panel 53 Time settings 27 control panel 58 Time-to-live period 158 U Upgrading memory module 142 Usage data for site user 120 User management 81 Users RaQ 3 administrator 6, 32 site administrator 6, 32 site user
Index suspend site user 96 suspend site, hard 69 suspend site, soft 96 user management 81 web access by domain 39 SSL administration server 105 delete certificate 107 description 98 enable on virtual site 100 enter info from external certification authority 106 externally signed certificate 100 generate self-signed certificate 102 license 172 main site certificate 105 settings 98 submit to external certification authority 106 W Web developing pages 124 CGI scripts 124 publishing pages FrontPage 126 FTP 12
Index 194
