MicroRouter 2250R Installation Guide Compatible Systems Corporation 4730 Walnut Street Suite 102 Boulder, Colorado 80301 303-444-9532 800-356-0283 http://www.compatible.
MicroRouter 2250R Installation Guide, Version 3.0 Copyright© 1999, Compatible Systems Corporation All rights reserved. MicroRouter and CompatiView are trademarks of Compatible Systems Corporation. Other trademarks are the property of their respective holders. Copyright© 1997-1999 by Hi/fn, Inc. Includes one or more U.S. Patent Nos.: 4,701,745; 5,003,307; 5,016,009; 5,126,739; 5,146,221; 5,414,425; 5,414,850; 5,463,390; 5,506,580; 5,532,694. Other Patents Pending.
Chapter 1 - Introduction 1 ABOUT THE MICROROUTER 2250R A NOTE ABOUT FIREWALLS A NOTE ABOUT ON-DEMAND INTERNETWORKING MICROROUTER 2250R INSTALLATION OVERVIEW 1 1 1 2 Chapter 2 - Getting Started 5 A FEW NOTES 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 Please Read The Manuals Warranty and Service Getting Help With the MicroRouter 2250R WHAT YOU WILL NEED TO GET STARTED Supplied with the MicroRouter 2250R Needed For Installation Ethernet Connection Requirements 10Base-T Twisted-Pair Ethernet T1 Line Connection Requirem
Chapter 5 - Command Line Management Out-of-Band Command Line Management Temporarily Reconfiguring a Host for Command Line Management Setting Up Telnet Operation 15 15 16 16 Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide 19 ETHERNET INTERFACE CONFIGURATION IP Protocol 19 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 Required for IP Suggested for IP IPX Protocol Required for IPX Suggested for IPX AppleTalk Protocol Required for AppleTalk Suggested for AppleTalk DECnet Protocol Required for DECnet Suggested for DECne
Internal T1 CSU/DSU (WAN 0) Link Configuration SMDS Addressing SAVING A CONFIGURATION FILE TO FLASH ROM 24 25 25 25 25 25 25 26 26 26 27 27 27 27 27 27 28 28 29 29 29 29 29 30 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 Appendix A - Shipping Defaults 33 Suggested for IP IPX Protocol Required for IPX Suggested for IPX AppleTalk Protocol Required for AppleTalk Suggested for AppleTalk DECnet Protocol Required for DECnet Suggested for DECnet Internal T1 CSU/DSU (WAN 0) Link Configuration Required for Dedicated/Leased Line Ope
IPX Routing Defaults IPX Bridging Defaults AppleTalk Routing Defaults AppleTalk Bridging Defaults DECnet Defaults WAN Interfaces IP Defaults IPX Defaults AppleTalk Defaults DECnet Defaults T1 CSU/DSU (WAN 0) Link & Physical Defaults RS-232 (WAN 1) Link & Physical Defaults Appendix B - Connector and Cable Pin Outs Pin Outs for T1 Female Connector (DTE) Pin Outs for DB-25 Male to DB-25 Female RS-232 Data & Console Cable 33 33 33 33 33 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 35 35 35 Appendix C - LED Patterns and Test Switc
Chapter 1 - Introduction 1 Chapter 1 - Introduction About the MicroRouter 2250R Congratulations on your purchase of the MicroRouter 2250R multiport wide area router with integrated Fractional/Full T1 CSU/DSU. The MicroRouter 2250R supports the IP, IPX, AppleTalk, and DECnet network protocols, with leased-line and/or dial-on-demand operation using the PPP, Frame Relay and/or SMDS wide area protocols.
2 Chapter 1 - Introduction YOU SHOULD CAREFULLY MONITOR PHONE LINE USAGE TO BE SURE THAT YOUR ROUTER CONFIGURATION IS ALLOWING THE ROUTER TO DROP THE COMMUNICATIONS LINK WHEN IT ISN’T NEEDED. MicroRouter 2250R Installation Overview This manual will help you install the MicroRouter 2250R to connect a local Ethernet to one or two remote networks and/or remote PPP client computers.
Chapter 1 - Introduction 3 The manual is divided into several sections that should provide you with all the information you will need to use the MicroRouter 2250R on your network. For the latest documentation on Compatible Systems products, including the most current version of this manual, visit the Technical Support section of our Web site at: http://www.compatible.com.
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Chapter 2 - Getting Started 5 Chapter 2 - Getting Started A Few Notes Please Read The Manuals The manuals included with your MicroRouter 2250R contain very important information about the MicroRouter 2250R and local and wide area networking in general. Please read this manual thoroughly, and refer to the management reference guides as required. It’s worth the few minutes it will take. Also, please fill out the warranty registration card and return it to us today.
6 Chapter 2 - Getting Started What You Will Need To Get Started Before connecting the MicroRouter 2250R, please check the list below to make sure that you have received all of the items that are supplied with the MicroRouter 2250R package. You should also make sure you have any additional items that are necessary to connect the router to your network.
Chapter 2 - Getting Started 7 Ethernet Connection Requirements The MicroRouter 2250R’s Ethernet interface directly supports 10BaseT twisted-pair Ethernet. Other Ethernet cabling types (such as thin Ethernet, thick Ethernet, fiber optic cabling or pre-10BaseT twisted-pair) can be supported using a 10BaseT mini-hub or other conversion device.
8 Chapter 2 - Getting Started The MicroRouter 2250R secondary port is an RS-232 sync/async interface. The RS-232 interface is capable of communicating to another router or a PPP client machine over a modem, 56K CSU/DSU, or ISDN Terminal Adapter. RS-232 Interface The MicroRouter 2250R includes one DB-25 to DB-25 RS-232 sync/async cable. This cable supports RS-232 asynchronous modems, synchronous leased and switched 56K CSU/DSU’s, and ISDN Terminal Adapters.
Chapter 3 - Network Installation 9 Chapter 3 - Network Installation MicroRouter 2250R Back Panel This section of the manual describes how to connect the MicroRouter 2250R to your Ethernet network and your wide area communications device(s). In summary, the steps for installation are: 1. Make sure the router is powered down and not connected to any power source. 2. Connect the router to the Ethernet network(s). 3. Connect the router to the T1 line. 4.
10 Chapter 3 - Network Installation Connecting the Router to the Ethernet If your twisted-pair hub is already in place, you can connect the router to an active network without interrupting network activity. The router must be powered off. Connecting to Twisted-Pair Ethernet Before connecting the router to twisted-pair cabling you need an unshielded twisted-pair cable that is already connected to your 10BaseT-compatible twisted-pair hub.
Chapter 3 - Network Installation 11 v Note: The MicroRouter 2250R RS-232 interfaces require that your asynchronous line communications device be set to supply the RS-232 DCD signal when a connection has been made. A synchronous RS-232 device should be set to provide DSR. v Note: The MicroRouter 2250R includes a special cable to facilitate connections to RS-232 line communications devices. This cable includes support for several asynchronous and synchronous control signals.
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Chapter 4 - CompatiView Software Installation 13 Chapter 4 - CompatiView Software Installation All of the routers in Compatible Systems’ internetworking and VPN families, including all RISC Router and MicroRouter models, can be managed from a single GUI management platform called CompatiView. CompatiView for Windows is included on the CD-ROM which was shipped with your MicroRouter 2250R.
14 Chapter 4 - CompatiView Software Installation Run the auto-installation program (CV5x file) by double-clicking on it. The installation program will ask you to select (or create) a directory in which it should locate CompatiView and its associated files and database subdirectory. Once the installation is complete, double-click on the CompatiView icon to open the program. For further information on using CompatiView, see the CompatiView Management Software Reference Guide included with your router.
Chapter 5 - Command Line Management 15 Chapter 5 - Command Line Management The command line interface allows you to configure and monitor the router in-band via Telnet or out-of-band with a terminal connected to the MicroRouter 2250R’s Console interface. v Note: Proper syntax is vital to effective operation of command line management. Case is not significant – you may enter commands in upper case, lower case, or a combination of the two.
16 Chapter 5 - Command Line Management Temporarily Reconfiguring a Host for Command Line Management You can temporarily reconfigure an IP host in order to set the router’s IP parameters to allow in-band Telnet access. If you wish to set the router’s basic IP parameters in this fashion, the host must be on the same Ethernet segment as the router’s Ethernet interface. You can then do the following: 1. Set the host’s IP address to 198.41.12.2, with a Class C subnet mask (255.255.255.
Chapter 5 - Command Line Management 17 Ethernet 0 section. B. Use the save command to save the changes to the device’s Flash ROM. • You may also use CompatiView from a reconfigured IP host (if using the IP transport protocol), or anywhere on your network (if using the IPX transport protocol). Instructions for these two methods are given in Chapter 4 - CompatiView Software Installation. • With CompatiView, basic IP parameters can be set using the TCP/IP Routing: Ethernet 0 Dialog Box.
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Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide 19 Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide This chapter briefly explains the major parameters that must be set in order to use the router. Detailed information on the meaning of the router’s parameters is provided in the CompatiView Management Software Reference Guide and the Text-Based Configuration and Command Line Management Reference Guide. You should use this list as a starting point to look up more specific information in the other documents.
20 Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide IP Protocol Required for IP These parameters set the basic address characteristics of the interface. They provide enough information for another IP node to find the interface (such as a Telnet client), but not enough information for routing to take place. • IP address • IP subnet mask • IP broadcast address CV: Use the TCP/IP Routing: Ethernet Dialog Box to set these parameters.
Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide 21 Suggested for IPX You may want to set your own network numbers, rather than using the autoconfigured values. You may also want to turn off unused frame types. CV: Use the IPX Routing: Ethernet 0 Dialog Box. TB: Use configure and set keywords in the IPX Ethernet 0 section. AppleTalk Protocol Required for AppleTalk There are generally no required changes from the shipping Ethernet configuration for AppleTalk.
22 Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide Suggested for DECnet Setting the parameters above should be adequate for most installations. WAN Interface Configuration In order to use a WAN interface, you may first need to set some physical parameters and then set up the link and protocol parameters. There are differences between the capabilities of the built-in T1 CSU/DSU WAN interface and the RS-232 WAN interface. The T1 interface can only be used with lines which run at fractional or full T1 rates.
Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide 23 PPP Configuration This section covers the settings required for PPP (point-to-point) protocol operation of the WAN interfaces. Internal T1 CSU/DSU (WAN 0) Link Configuration Required for Dedicated Line Operation This is the only mode of operation supported via the built-in T1 CSU/DSU. • Set PPP connection CV: Use the Link Configuration: WAN 0 Dialog Box. TB: Use configure and set the Mode keyword in the Link Config WAN 0 section.
24 Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide • Set to allow dial-in and/or dial-out CV: Use the Link Configuration: WAN 1. TB: Use configure and set the Mode, ConnectMode, DialIn and/or DialOut keywords in the Link Config WAN 1 section. Suggested for Dial-On-Demand Operation This mode of operation is only supported on the WAN 1 RS-232 interface. Outgoing dial-on-demand requires some additional information.
Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide 25 v Note: If you set RIP to “on” for a dial-on-demand link, you must also set the update method to triggered to prevent the link from being brought up by transmission of RIP information. You should only use triggered operation when you are connecting to another Compatible Systems router at the other end of the link. IPX Protocol Required for IPX WAN interfaces which are set for PPP operation do not generally use an IPX address.
26 Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide When you set up an on-demand link with AppleTalk, you should carefully monitor link usage to determine whether the link is being activated only when it is needed. Additional router configuration will be required for many networks in order to achieve optimal link usage. • Set update method CV: Use the AppleTalk Routing: WAN Dialog Box. TB: Use configure and set the Updates keyword in the AppleTalk WAN 0 (and/or WAN 1) section.
Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide 27 Frame Relay Configuration This section covers the settings required for Frame Relay operation of the MicroRouter 2250R WAN interfaces. In general, the parameters listed here should be set for each WAN interface on which you plan to use Frame Relay. Note that the T1 (WAN 0) interface can be running Frame Relay, SMDS or PPP while the RS-232 interface (WAN 1) is running PPP or Frame Relay.
28 Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide uses IARP (Inverse Address Resolution Protocol) to dynamically generate this information. To connect to other vendors’ routers which do not support IARP, you must provide DLCI-to-protocol mapping information. v Note: Many Internet Service Providers (ISP’s) do not support IARP as a default.
Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide 29 Required for IP Unnumbered Interface • IP unnumbered interface • Point-to-Point Frame Relay • Local DLCI CV: Use the TCP/IP Routing: WAN Dialog Box. TB: Use the configure command and the Numbered, PointToPointFrame, and InterfaceDLCI keywords in the IP WAN 0 (and/or any other port you wish to configure) section. Suggested for IP These parameters help supply information about the segment to which the interface is connected.
30 Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide AppleTalk Protocol Required for AppleTalk Frame Relay operation requires that the WAN interface is set to be a “numbered interface.” This means that the interface (and thus the Frame Relay network) must have an AppleTalk network number and the interface must have an AppleTalk node number. • AppleTalk numbered interface • AppleTalk Network Number • AppleTalk Node Number • AppleTalk Zone Name CV: Use the AppleTalk Routing: WAN Dialog Box.
Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide 31 WAN 0 SMDS Configuration This section covers the settings required for SMDS (Switched Multi-megabit Data Service) operation of the MicroRouter 2250R WAN 0 interface (IP only). SMDS is a connectionless, packet-switched service that offers LAN-to-LAN connectivity across a wide area at up to 1.544 Mbps. Note that the RS-232 (WAN 1) interface can be running Frame Relay or PPP while this interface is running SMDS, Frame Relay or PPP.
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Appendix A - Shipping Defaults Appendix A - Shipping Defaults Default Password • letmein Ethernet Interface IP Routing Defaults • Off IP Bridging Defaults • On • Address: 198.41.12.1 • Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 • Broadcast Address: 198.41.12.255 • IP RIP off IPX Routing Defaults • 802.3 on, autoseeding • 802.2 on, autoseeding • Type II off • 802.
34 Appendix A - Shipping Defaults WAN Interfaces IP Defaults • On • Unnumbered interface • RIP off • Van Jacobson compression off IPX Defaults • On • Unnumbered interface AppleTalk Defaults • On • Unnumbered interface DECnet Defaults • Off T1 CSU/DSU (WAN 0) Link & Physical Defaults • PPP • Full T1 • Slave clock • B8ZS encoding • ESF framing • PRM Transmit • Accept V.
Appendix B - Connector and Cable Pin Outs 35 Appendix B - Connector and Cable Pin Outs Pin Outs for T1 Female Connector (DTE) RJ-45 (DTE) Signal 1 RX Data - Ring 2 RX Data - Tip 3 Unused 4 TX Data - Ring 5 TX Data - Tip 6,7,8 ß ß à à Unused Pin Outs for DB-25 Male to DB-25 Female RS-232 Data & Console Cable The cable supplied with the MicroRouter 2250R is twenty-five conductors, connected straight through.
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Appendix C - LED Patterns and Test Switch Settings 37 Appendix C - LED Patterns and Test Switch Settings MicroRouter 2250R LED Patterns The MicroRouter 2250R uses a number of light patterns on its front LED bars to indicate operating conditions. Power On, No Traffic The router will scan through the left (Ethernet) LED bar, from left to right, illuminating one element at a time.
38 Appendix C - LED Patterns and Test Switch Settings Other Indicators (on All LED Bars) 5,6 flashing: Router stacks starting up 3,4 & 7,8 flashing: No OS loaded. Running from ROM. 5,6 on solid, 2 (bars 1 & 3) and 9 (bars 2 & 4) flashing: Erasing OS in Flash ROM 4,5,6,7 on solid, 2 (bars 1 & 3) and 9 (bars 2 & 4) flashing: Erasing config in Flash ROM Scanning from 2 to 9 (bars 1 & 3), and scanning from 9 to 2 (bars 2 & 4): Flash ROM erase due to switch setting five or six is complete.
Appendix D - Downloading Software From Compatible Systems 39 Appendix D - Downloading Software From Compatible Systems We make the latest versions of operating software for all Compatible Systems products available at our Web site. The latest version of CompatiView management software is also available. To download software, follow the instructions below. 1. Use your browser to access http://www.compatible.com/, and find the link on our home page to “Software Downloads.” 2.
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Appendix E - Terms and Conditions 41 Appendix E - Terms and Conditions Compatible Systems Corporation (Compatible Systems) offers to sell only on the condition that Customer’s acceptance is expressly limited to Compatible Systems’ terms and conditions of sale. Compatible Systems’ acceptance of any order from Customer is expressly made conditional on assent to these terms and conditions of sale unless otherwise specifically agreed to in writing by Compatible Systems.
42 Appendix E - Terms and Conditions To obtain service under this Warranty, the Customer (or subsequent purchaser, if applicable) must follow the procedures outlined below, under “Product Return Policy.” THE WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED.
Appendix E - Terms and Conditions 43 ber of each item being returned; (c) original Compatible Systems Sales Agreement number; and (d) any special instructions. Upon receipt of this information, Compatible Systems will issue an RMA (“Return Material Authorization”) number and any required U.S. Customs identification to assure correct identification of the Customer and to insure prompt and accurate processing. 6. Limitation of Remedies.
