SCSI to SATA RAID Subsystems Operation Manual Version 1.2 (03, 2006) Firmware Revision: 3.
Contact Information Asia Pacific (International Headquarters) Infortrend Technology, Inc. 8F, No. 102 Chung-Shan Rd., Sec. 3 Chung-Ho City, Taipei Hsien, Taiwan Tel: +886-2-2226-0126 Fax: +886-2-2226-0020 sales@infortrend.com support@infortrend.com http://www.infortrend.com.tw China Infortrend Technology, Limited Room 1210, West Wing, Tower One, Junefield Plaza, No. 6 Xuanwumen Street, Xuanwu District, Beijing, China Post code: 100052 Tel: +86-10-6310-6168 Fax: +86-10-6310-6188 sales@infortrend.com.
Copyright 2006 This Edition First Published 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Infortrend Technology, Inc.
Table of Contents Chapter 1 LCD Screen Messages 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 The Initial Screen..........................................................................................1-1 Quick Installation Screen ............................................................................1-1 Logical Drive Status .....................................................................................1-2 Logical Volume Status.................................................................................
2.10 Viewing and Editing Host LUNs .............................................................. 2-21 2.11 Viewing and Editing Drives...................................................................... 2-21 2.12 Viewing and Editing Channels ................................................................ 2-22 2.12.2 Adding a Channel ID.......................................................................... 2-22 2.12.3 Deleting a Channel ID................................................................
4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.4.3.2 Assign Spare Drives............................................................................4-9 4.4.3.3 Disk Reserved Space..........................................................................4-9 4.4.3.4 Write Policy .........................................................................................4-9 4.4.3.5 Initialization Mode ...............................................................................4-9 4.4.3.6 Stripe Size .................
Chapter 5 Host Side and Drive Side Parameter 5.1 HOST-SIDE PARAMETERS ......................................................................... 5-1 5.1.1 Maximum Concurrent Host LUN Connection (“Nexus” in SCSI)........... 5-2 5.1.2 Number of Tags Reserved for Each Host-LUN Connection.................. 5-3 5.1.3 Maximum Queued I/O Count ................................................................. 5-3 5.1.4 LUNs per Host ID.................................................................................
7.2.3 Confirming the Creation of a Task Schedule .........................................7-9 REGENERATING LOGICAL DRIVE PARITY............................................7-10 7.3. 1 Overwrite Inconsistent Parity ..............................................................7-10 7.3. 2 Generate Check Parity Error Event ....................................................7-10 7.4 DISK ARRAY PARAMETERS....................................................................7-10 7.4. 1 Rebuild Priority ............
Appendix B. System Functions: Upgrading Firmware B.1 Upgrading Firmware ....................................................................................B-1 B.1.1 Background RS-232C Firmware Download: Single Controller............. B-1 B.1.2 Note for Redundant Controller Firmware Upgrade:.............................. B-2 B.2 Upgrading Firmware Using RAIDWatch Manager ....................................B-2 B.2.1 Establish the In-band SCSI connection in RAIDWatch Manager......... B-2 B.2.
About This Manual This manual provides all of the necessary information that a system administrator needs to configure and maintain EonStor SCSI to SATA RAID subsystems. There are several other manuals that came with your RAID subsystem: Installation and Hardware Reference Manual: For hardware-related information. RAIDWatch User’s Manual For the Java-based, GUI RAIDWatch manager providing remote and concurrent management of RAID subsystems.
Chapter 7 Details various methods, either manual or automatic, for maintaining array data integrity. Chapter 8 Shows how to expand a configured array or logical volume. Chapter 9 Shows how to use the SMART-related functionality. Chapter 10 Describes the detail for AV optimization implementation. Appendix A Lists the important firmware features supported with the firmware version, arranged in accordance with the latest firmware version as of press date.
Conventions Naming From this point on and throughout the rest of this manual, the EonStor series is referred to as simply the “subsystem” or the “system” and EonStor is frequently abbreviated as “ES.” Lists Bulleted Lists: Bulleted lists are statements of non-sequential facts. They can be read in any order. Each statement is preceded by a round black dot “•.” Numbered Lists: Numbered lists are used to describe sequential steps you should follow in order.
Software and Firmware Updates Please contact your system vendor or visit Infortrend’s FTP site (ftp.infortrend.com.tw) for the latest software or firmware updates. Problems that occur during the updating process may cause unrecoverable errors and system down time. Always consult technical personnel before proceeding with any firmware upgrade. NOTE: The firmware version installed on your system should provide the complete functionality listed in the specification sheet/user’s manual.
Chapter 1 LCD Screen Messages 1.1 The Initial Screen Product Model Firmware Version AXXU Ready v3.** Status/Data Transfer Indicator Figure 1 - 1: LCD Initial Screen Status/Data Transfer Indicator: Ready There is at least one logical drive or logical volume mapped to a host ID/LUN combination. No Host LUN No logical drive created or the logical drive has not yet been mapped to any host ID/LUN. Indicates the statistic of internal processing resources, not the host bus throughput.
Press [ENT] to create a logical drive. The subsystem/controller will start initialization of one logical drive to include all connected disk drives and automatically map the logical drive to the first ID and LUN number of the first host channel. The “Quick Installation” can only be performed when there is no logical drive. 1.
Logical Drive status: XxxxMB The capacity of this logical drive. SB=x Standby drives available to this logical drive. Except the spares dedicated to other logical configurations, all spare drive(s) will be counted in this field, including Global and Local Spares. xxxxMB INITING The logical drive is now initializing. xxxxMB INVALID For firmware version before 3.31: The logical drive has been created with “Optimization for Sequential I/O”, but the current setting is “Optimization for Random I/O.
1.4 Logical Volume Status Logical Volume Logical Volume ID Status LV=0 ID=09816DE9 00002021MB DRV=1 Volume capacity Number of drives Figure 1 - 4: Logical Volume Status Screen Logical Volume: The Logical Volume number. DRV=x: The number of logical drive(s) contained in this logical volume. Logical Volume ID Status: The unique ID number of the logical volume (randomly generated by firmware). Logical Volume Status: xxxMB 1.5 The capacity of this logical volume.
Drive Status: LG=x IN LG=x LN Initializing On-line (already a member of a logical configuration) Rebuilding Local Spare Drive Global Spare Drive New drive Failed drive Drive does not exist; an empty drive tray Drive missing (drive was once there) Spare drive missing LG=x RB LG=x SB GlobalSB NEW DRV BAD DRV ABSENT MISSING SB-MISS 1.
Channel Mode: Host Drive Host channel mode Drive channel mode Default SCSI Bus Sync Clock: 160M The default setting of this channel is set to the 160Mhz mode Async, 2.5 to 160Mhz Data rate can be manually configured if the need arises Available Host IDs: * (ID number) NA Multiple IDs applied (Host channel mode only) Controller is using this ID for host LUN mapping. No ID applied 1.7 Controller Voltage and Temperature Press ENT for two seconds to enter the Main Menu.
[+5v] 4.938v Operation Normal [CPU] 43.5°C in Safe Range [+3.3V] 3.384V Operation Normal [Board1]46.5°C in Safe Range [CPU] 43.5°C in Safe Range [Board2]46.5°C in Safe Range [+12v] 12.077v Operation Normal 1.8 View and Edit Event Logs Press ENT for two seconds to enter the Main Menu. Press the up or down arrow keys to select "View and Edit Event Logs,” then press ENT. View and Edit Event Logs Press the up or down arrow keys to browse through the existing event log items.
LCD Screen Messages.................................................................... 1-1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 The Initial Screen ....................................................................................................... 1-1 Quick Installation Screen ........................................................................................... 1-1 Logical Drive Status...................................................................................................
Chapter 2 LCD Keypad Operation A navigation roadmap for the configuration menu options of LCD keypad is separately available as a PDF file. You may check your Product Utility CD or visit Infortrend’s FTP site for the latest update. 2.1 Power On the RAID Enclosure Before you start to configure a RAID system, make sure that hardware installation is completed before any configuration takes place. Power on your RAID enclosure. 2.2 Caching Parameters 2.2.
2. You can select the stripe size of each array (logical drive) during the initial configuration. However, changing stripe size is only recommended for experienced engineers who have tested the effects of tuning stripe sizes for different applications. 3. The array stripe size can only be changed during the initial configuration process. 4. Once the controller optimization mode is applied, access to different logical drives in a RAID system will follow the same optimized pattern.
2.2.2 Optimization Mode and Stripe Size Each controller optimization mode has preset values for the stripe size of arrays created in different RAID levels. If you want a different setting for a subsystem with configured arrays, you have to backup or move the stored data and re-create the arrays: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Stop host I/O access. Move or backup all of your stored data in the subsystem. Change the optimization mode. Reset the controller. Re-create the array(s).
2.2.4 Write-back/Write-through Cache Enable/Disable As one of the submenus in "Caching Parameters," this option controls the cached write function. Press ENT to enable or disable “Write-back Cache.” Press ENT for two seconds to confirm. The current status will be displayed on the LCD. Write-Back Cache Enabled .. The Write-through mode is safer if your Disable Write subsystem is not managed by a controller -Back Cache pair and there is no UPS or battery backup.
IMPORTANT! • Every time you change the caching parameters, you must reset the controller for the changes to take effect. 2.3 View Connected Drives: A RAID system consists of many physical drives that can be modified and configured as the members of one or several logical drives. Press the front panel ENT button for two seconds to enter the Main Menu. Use the up or down arrow keys to navigate through the menus. Choose "View and Edit Drives," then press ENT.
IMPORTANT! • Drives of the same brand/model/capacity might not feature the same block number. • The basic read/write unit of a hard drive is a block. If members of a logical drive have different block numbers (capacity), the smallest block number will be taken as the maximum capacity to be used in every drive. Therefore, use drives of the same capacity.
available drives. Press ENT again to select/deselect the drives. An asterisk (*) mark will appear on the selected drive(s). To deselect a drive, press ENT again on the selected drive. The (*) mark will disappear. SLOT=1 239367MB *LG=0 SL After all the desired drives have been selected, press ENT for two seconds to continue. 2.4.3 Logical Drive Preferences You may also choose “Change Logical Drive Parameter,” then press ENT to change related parameters before initializing the logical drive.
coordinated with the subsystem’s caching mode setting. Other choices are “Write-back” and “Write-through.” 2.4.8 Initialization Mode This menu allows you to determine if the logical drive is immediately accessible. If the Online method is used, data can be written onto it before the array’s initialization is completed. Users may proceed with array configuration, e.g., including this array in a logical volume. Initialization Mode Online..
for two seconds to start initializing the logical drive. The Online Mode: If the online initialization method is applied, the array will be available for use immediately. The array initialization runs in the background while data can be written onto it and users can continue configuring the RAID system. LG=0 Creation Completed! The Offline Mode: The controller will start to initialize the array parity if using the “offline” mode.
Proceed to select one or more logical drives. Press ENT to proceed. “LD” is short for Logical Drive. LV=0 Selected To Select LD Drives? Use the up or down arrow keys to browse through the logical drives. Press ENT again to select/deselect the drives. An asterisk (*) mark will appear when the logical drive is selected. After all the desired logical drive(s) have been selected, press ENT for two seconds to continue. LG0 RAID5 DRV=3 2021MB GD SB=0 Two submenus will appear. 2.5.
2.6 Partitioning a Logical Drive/Logical Volume Partitioning and the creation of a logical volume, are not requirements for creating a RAID system. The configuration processes for partitioning a logical drive are the same as those for partitioning a logical volume. Press ENT for two seconds to enter the Main Menu. Press the up or down arrow keys to select "View and Edit Logical Volume," then press ENT. View and Edit Logical Volume Use the up or down arrow keys to select a logical volume, then press ENT.
IMPORTANT! If operated with a Unix-based system, reset the subsystem for the configuration to take effect if any changes have been made to partition sizes and partition arrangement. 2.7 Mapping a Logical Volume/Logical Drive to Host LUN The process of mapping a logical drive is identical to that of mapping a logical volume. The process of mapping a logical volume is used as an example. Press ENT for two seconds to enter the Main Menu.
you can map the whole capacity to a host LUN. Press ENT for two seconds when prompted by “Map Host LUN” to proceed. LV=0 PART=0 700MB ? Map Host LUN .. Mapping information will be displayed on the subsequent screen. Press ENT for two seconds to confirm the LUN mapping. CH0 ID0 LUN0 MAP to LV0 PRT0? The mapping information will appear for the second time. Press ENT or ESC to confirm, and the host ID/LUN screen will appear.
spare drive or failed drive, then press ENT to select it. Press the up or down arrow keys to select “Add Local Spare Drive,” then press ENT. Press the up or down arrow keys to select the logical drive where the Local Spare Drive will be assigned, then press ENT for two seconds to confirm. The message “Add Local Spare Drive Successful” will be displayed on the LCD. Add Local Spare Drive .. LG0 RAID5 DRV=3 2012MB GD SB=0 Add Local Spare Drive Successful 2.8.
press ENT. “Low” refers to the temporary default setting. Press ENT again and the abbreviation mark “..” will change to a question mark “?”. Press the up or down arrow keys to select priority “Low,” “Normal,” “Improved,” or “High”. Press ENT to confirm and the question mark “?” will turn into “..”. Rebuild Priority Low ? Rebuild Priority High .. NOTE: The rebuild priority determines how much of the system resources are used when rebuilding a logical drive.
Deleting a logical drive erases all data stored in it. Press ENT for two seconds to enter the Main Menu. Press the up or down arrow keys to select "View and Edit Logical Drives," then press ENT. Press the up or down arrow keys to select a logical drive, then press ENT. Use the up or down arrow keys to select “Delete Logical Drive," then press ENT . Press ENT for two seconds to delete. The selected logical drive has now been deleted.
Figure 2 - 1 Drive Space Allocated to the Previous Partition WARNING! Whenever there is a partition change, data will be erased. Prior to partition change, you have to remove its associated host LUN mappings. After the partition change, you also need to re-arrange the disk volumes from your host system OS. 2.9.3 Assigning a Name to a Logical Drive Press ENT for two seconds to enter the Main Menu. Press the up or down arrow keys to select "View and Edit Logical Drives..," then press ENT.
2.9.4 Rebuilding a Logical Drive (Manual Rebuild) If you want the controller to auto-detect a replacement drive, make sure you have the following options set to enabled: 1. Periodic Drive Check Time 2. Periodic Auto-Detect Failure Drive Swap Check Time These two configuration options can be found under “View and Edit Configuration Parameters” -> “ Drive-Side Parameters”. A manual rebuild takes place after you replace the failed drive with a new drive that is known to be good.
2.9.5 Regenerating Logical Drive Parity If no verifying method is applied to data writes, this function can be manually performed to ensure that parity errors can be mended. From the Main Menu, press the up or down arrow keys to select "View and Edit Logical Drives." View and Edit Logical Drives If you have more than one logical drive, use the up or down arrow keys to select the logical drive you would like to check the parity for, and then press ENT. LG0 RAID5 DRV=3 4095MB GD SB=0 Regenerate Parity ..
Press ENT again to display the first configuration option, “Priority.” Press ENT on it and use arrow keys to select an option. Press ENT to confirm the change on priority level. Use arrow keys to move one level down to another option, “Iteration Count”. This option determines how many times the scan is performed on the logical drive. If set to “Continuous,” the scan will run in the background continuously until it is stopped by user. Priority Normal .. Priority To High ? Iteration Count Single ..
2.10 Viewing and Editing Host LUNs Press ENT for two seconds to enter the Main Menu. Press the up or down arrow keys to select "View and Edit Host Luns", then press ENT. View and Edit Host Luns Press the up or down arrow keys to select a host ID, then press ENT to proceed. CH0 ID0 Use the up or down arrow keys to browse through the LUN number and its LUN mapping information. CH0 ID0 LUN0 Mapto LG0 PRT0 Press ENT on the LUN you wish to delete.
2.12 Viewing and Editing Channels 2.12.1 Viewing IDs Press ENT for two seconds to enter the Main Menu. Press the up or down arrow keys to select "View and Edit Channels," then press ENT. View and Edit Channels Channel information will be displayed. Press ENT on the host channel you wish the ID changed. CH0=Host ID=0 SXF=160M Press the up or down arrow keys to select “Set SCSI Channel ID," then press ENT. Set SCSI Channel ID .. Use the up or down arrow keys to browse through the existing host IDs.
A list of host channel and host ID combinations will appear. Use the up or down arrow keys to select an ID you wish to remove. Press ENT to select a channel ID combination. CHL=0 ID=0 You will then be prompted by the “Add Channel SCSI ID” option. Press the down arrow key to proceed. Add Channel SCSI ID The “Delete Channel SCSI ID” option will appear. Press ENT to display the confirm box. Press ENT for two seconds to remove the ID. Delete Channel SCSI ID ..
2.12.4 Data Rate This option is available in the configuration menu of SCSI host channel and the drive channel configuration menus of SATA-based subsystems. Default is “AUTO” and should work fine with most drives. Changing this setting is not recommended unless some particular bus signal issues occur. Most SATA/ATA-based systems connect only one drive per SATA/ATA channel (4 for multi-lane with SATA-II). This helps to avoid a single drive failure from affecting other drives.
Data Rate To AUTO?”, where “X” stands for the channel number. Use your arrow keys to display a data rate value which ranges from 33 to 150MB/s (SATA drive channels). Press ENT to confirm a selection. .. Set Chl=X Data Rate to AUTO ? 2.13 System Functions Choose “System Functions” in the Main Menu, then press ENT. Press the up or down arrow keys to select a submenu, then press ENT. 2.13.
2.13.2.1 Change Password To set or change the controller password, press the up or down arrow keys to select “Change Password,” then press ENT. If the password has previously been set, the controller will ask for the old password first. If password has not yet been set, the controller will directly ask for the new password. The password cannot be replaced unless the correct old password is provided. Press the up or down arrow keys to select a character, then press ENT to move to the next space.
2.13.5 Controller Maintenance For Controller Maintenance functions, please refer to Appendix C. 2.13.6 Saving NVRAM to Disks You can choose to backup your controller-dependent configuration information to disks. We strongly recommend using this function to save the configuration profile whenever a configuration change is made. The information will be distributed to every logical drive in the RAID system.
2.13.8 Adjust LCD Contrast The controller LCD contrast is set at the factory to a level that should be generally acceptable. The controller is equipped with an LCD contrast adjustment circuit in case the factory-preset level needs to be adjusted either via the RS-232 terminal emulation menus or using the LCD keypad panel. From the main menu, choose “View and Edit Peripheral Dev.
2.14.3 Password Validation Timeout Choose “View and Edit Configuration Parameters,” “Controller Parameters,” then press ENT. Select “Password Validation Timeout,” and press ENT. Press the up or down arrow keys to choose to enable a validation timeout from one to five minutes to Always Check. The Always Check timeout will invalidate any configuration change without entering the correct password. PasswdValidation Timeout-5 mins.. 2.14.
The controller uses GMT (Greenwich Mean Time), a 24-hours clock. To change the clock to your local time zone, enter the hours later than the Greenwich mean time after a plus (+) sign. For example, enter “+9” for Japanese time zone. Choose “Time Zone” by pressing ENT. Use the down key to enter the plus sign and the up key to enter numeric representatives. Date and Time Time Zone .. GMT +08:00 GMT Date and Time Use your arrow keys to scroll down and select “Date and Time” by pressing ENT.
2.15.1 Drive Read/Write Test From the “View and Edit Drives” menu, select a new or used drive that the utility is to be performed on; then press ENT. Select “SCSI Drive Utilities;" then press ENT. Choose “Read/Write Test” and press ENT. Press the up or down arrow keys to select and choose to enable/disable the following options: 1. Abort When Error Occurs 2. Drive Test for - Read Only/Read and Write. 3. Execute Drive Testing Drive Read/Write Test .. Abort When Error OccurEnabled ....
This page is intentionally left blank 2-32 Infortrend
Power On the RAID Enclosure 2.1 2.2 Caching Parameters 2.2.1 Optimization Modes 2.2.2 Optimization Mode and Stripe Size 2.2.3 Optimization for Random or Sequential I/Os 2.2.4 Write-back/Write-through Cache Enable/Disable 2.2.5 Periodic Cache Flush 2.3 View Connected Drives: 2.4 Creating a Logical Drive 2.4.1 Choosing a RAID Level 2.4.2 Choosing Member Drives 2.4.3 Logical Drive Preferences 2.4.4 Maximum Drive Capacity 2.4.5 Spare Drive Assignments 2.4.6 Disk Reserved Space 2.4.7 Write Policy 2.4.
2.13.8 Adjust LCD Contrast 2.14 Controller Parameters 2.14.1 Controller Name 2.14.2 LCD Title Display Controller Name 2.14.3 Password Validation Timeout 2.14.4 Controller Unique Identifier 2.14.5 Controller Date and Time Time Zone Date and Time 2.15 Drive Utilities 2.15.
Off-Line Mode Initialization, 9 On-Line Mode Initialization, 9 Optimization Mode, 1 Optimization Mode LCD, 1 parameters cache, 2 parameters cache, 1 parity check logical drive, 19 partition logical drive, deleting, 16 Partitioning a Logical Drive/Logical Volume LCD, 11 password changing, 25 password disabling, 26 Password Validation Timeout, 29 Password Validation Timeout LCD, 29 RAID Level, 6 RAID Level LCD, 6 RAID Migration, 9 rebuild logical drive, 18 rebuild priority, 15 Rebuild Settings, 14 Rebuild Se
Chapter 3 Terminal Screen Messages 3.
Cursor Bar: Move the cursor bar to a desired item, then press [ENTER] to select Subsystem Name: Identifies the type of controller/subsystem or a preset name Transfer Rate Indicator: Indicates the current data transfer rate Gauge Range: Use + (Shift+”+”) or - keys to change the gauge range in order to view the transfer rate indicator Cache Status: Indicates current cache status Write Policy: Indicates current write-caching policy Date & Time: Current system date and time, generated by controller
3.2 Main Menu Figure 3 - 2: The RC-232C Main Menu Use the arrow keys to move the cursor bar through the menu items, then press [ENTER] to choose a menu, or [ESC] to return to the previous menu/screen. In a subsystem or controller head where battery status can be detected, battery status will be displayed at the top center. Status will be stated as Good, Bad, several “+ ” (plus) signs (VT-100 mode), or color blocks (ANSI mode) will be used to indicate battery charge.
Type Q or use the ↑ ↓ keys to select "Quick installation", then press [ENTER]. Choose Yes to create a logical drive. All possible RAID levels will be displayed. Use the ↑ ↓ keys to select a RAID level, then press [ENTER]. The assigned spare drive will be a Local Spare Drive, not a Global Spare Drive. All available disk drives in the enclosure will be included in one logical drive. The subsystem will start initialization and automatically map the logical drive to LUN 0 of the first host channel available.
INVALID The logical drive was created but has not been fully initialized when another version of firmware is being loaded. After the subsystem resets, the array status should return to normal.
3.5 Logical Volume Status Figure 3 - 5: Logical Volume Status Screen NOTE: • 3.6 A logical volume in a single-controller subsystem is always managed by one controller, and the “P” or “S” indicator will not appear. LV Logical Volume number.
Slot Slot number of the disk drive Size (MB) Drive capacity Speed XXMB Maximum transfer rate of the drive channel interface LG_DRV X The disk drive is a member of logical drive “X.” If the Status column shows “STAND-BY”, the drive is a Local Spare belonging to logical drive “X.
3.
CurSynClk CurWid 3.8 Diff The channel is a Differential channel. The terminator can only be installed/removed physically. N/A Non-SCSI bus Current bus synchronous clock: ??.?GHz The default setting of the channel bus is ??.? GHz Async. The default setting of the channel bus is Asynchronous mode. (empty) The default bus synchronous clock has changed. Reset the controller for the changes to take effect.
Figure 3 - 9: Controller Voltage and Temperature Status Screen The current status of voltage and temperature detected by the controller will be displayed on-screen and will be stated as normal, out of order, within or within the safety range. 3.9 Viewing Event Logs on the Screen When errors occur, you may want to trace the records to see what has happened to your system.
To clear the saved event logs, scroll the cursor down to select an event and press [ENTER] to delete the event and the events below. Figure 3 - 11: Clear Event Logs Dialogue Box Choose Yes to clear the recorded event logs.
This page is intentionally left blank 3-12 Infortrend
Terminal Screen Messages ..............................................3-1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 The Initial Screen................................................................................................................................3-1 Main Menu .........................................................................................................................................3-3 Quick Installation ....................................................................................
Ｖ Ｗ VT-100 Mode ..................................................3-2 Write Policy ....................................................
Chapter 4 Terminal Operation 4.1 Power on RAID Enclosure Hardware installation should be completed before powering on your RAID enclosure. The subsystem and disk drives must be configured and properly initialized before the host computer can access the storage capacity. The configuration and administration utility resides in the controller's firmware.
4.2 Caching Parameters 4.2.1 Optimization Modes Mass storage applications can be roughly divided into two categories— database and video/imaging—according to their read/write characteristics. To optimize system operation, there are two embedded optimization modes with system behaviors pre-adjusted to different read/write parameters: “Optimization for Random I/O” and the “Optimization for Sequential I/O.” Limitations The following are the limitations on the use of optimization modes. 1.
The controller optimization modes have read-ahead buffer and other Read/Write characteristics tuned to obtain the best performance for these two major application categories. 4.2.2 Optimization Mode and Stripe Size Each controller optimization mode has preset values for the stripe size of arrays created in different RAID levels. If you want a different optimization mode for a configured array, you must backup or move the stored data and recreate the arrays following the steps below: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Page Choose “Optimization for Random I/O” or “Optimization for Sequential I/O,” then press [ENTER]. The “Random” or “Sequential” dialog box will appear, depending on the option you have selected. Choose Yes in the dialog box that follows to confirm the setting. Press [ESC] to exit and the setting will take effect after the subsystem is restarted. NOTE: There is no longer a 512GB threshold for array optimization modes.
4.2.5 Periodic Cache Flush Figure 4 - 4: Periodic Cache Flush Page If Write-back caching is preferred for better performance yet data integrity is also a concern, e.g., no battery protection, the system can be configured to flush the cached writes at preset intervals. Note that the “Continuous Sync” option holds data in cache for as long as necessary to complete a write operation and immediately commits it to hard drives if it does not come in a series of sequential write requests.
4.3 Viewing the Connected Drives Prior to configuring disk drives into a logical drive, it is necessary to understand the status of the physical drives in your enclosure. Figure 4 - 5: View and Edit Drives Page Use the arrow keys to scroll down to “View and Edit Drives” to display information on all the physical drives installed. Drives are listed in the “View and Edit Drives” table. Use the arrow keys to scroll the table. First examine whether there is any drive installed but not listed here.
4.4 Creating a Logical Drive Browse through the Main Menu and select View and Edit Logical Drive. Figure 4 - 6: View and Edit Logical Drive Page For the first logical drive on the RAID subsystem, simply choose the first logical drive entry, LG 0, and press [ENTER] to proceed. You may create as many as 16 logical drives or more using drives in a RAID subsystem or in a cascaded enclosure. When prompted to “Create Logical Drive?,” select Yes and press [ENTER] to proceed. 4.4.
4.4.2 Choosing Member Drives Choose your member drive(s) from the list of available physical drives. Tag the drives for inclusion by positioning the cursor bar on the drive and then pressing [ENTER]. A star sign “*” will appear on the selected physical drive(s). To deselect the drive, press [ENTER] again on the selected drive and the “∗” will disappear. Use the same method to select more drives. Figure 4 - 7: Choose Member Drives Page 4.4.
4.4.3.2 Assign Spare Drives Figure 4 - 9: Assign Spare Drives Page You can add a spare drive from the list of the unused drives. The spare chosen here is a Local spare and will automatically replace any failed drive. The controller will then rebuild data onto the replacement drive. A logical drive composed in a non-redundancy RAID level (NRAID or RAID 0) does not support spare drive rebuild. 4.4.3.
including the array into a logical volume, before the array’s initialization process is completed. 4.4.3.6 Stripe Size Figure 4 - 12: Stripe Size Option Box This option should only be changed by experienced engineers. Setting to an incongruous value can severely drag performance, therefore, this option should only be changed when you can be sure of the performance gains it might bring you.
A controller event will then prompt to indicate that the logical drive initialization has begun. Press [ESC] to cancel the “Notification” prompt, and a progress indicator will display on the screen as a percentage bar. While the array initialization runs in the background, you can start using the array or continue configuring your RAID subsystem. When a fault-tolerant RAID level (RAID 1, 3, 5 or 6) is selected, the subsystem will start initializing parity.
Before proceeding with RAID migration, make sure you have sufficient free capacity or unused drives in your RAID array. RAID6 arrays require at least four (4) member drives and use additional capacity for the distribution of secondary parity. For example, if you want to migrate a RAID5 array consisting of three (3) drives to RAID6, one additional disk drive must be available. The different features of RAID5 and RAID6 arrays is summarized as follows: RAID5 Min. No.
1. Fault condition: The usable capacity of the RAID6 array is smaller than the usable capacity of the original RAID5 array. Figure 4 - 15: Migration Not Allowed for Insufficient Capacity 2. Migration by adding drive(s): The additional capacity for composing a RAID6 array is acquired by adding a new member drive. Figure 4- 16: Migration Condition Met by Adding Drive(s) 3.
Figure 4 - 17: Migration Condition Met by Using Larger Drives 4.5.3 Migration: Exemplary Procedure To migrate a RAID5 array to RAID6, follow the steps below: From the “View and Edit Logical Drives” status screen, select an existing RAID5 array and press [ENTER]. A sub-menu will appear. Move your cursor bar to select Migrate Logical Drive. Figure 4 - 18: Migrate Logical Drive Sub-menu A confirm box should appear. Select Yes to proceed.
A selection box should prompt allowing you to choose a RAID level to migrate to. Press [ENTER] on RAID6. Figure 4 - 20: RAID Level Selection Box A list of member drives and unused disk drives (new or used drives) should prompt. In the case of migrating a 3-drive RAID5 to 4-drive RAID6, you can select the original members of the RAID5 array and select one more disk drive to meet the minimum requirements of RAID6. You may also select different disk drives for composing the new RAID6 array.
Press [ESC] to clear the message. The initialization progress is shown below. Since the migration includes adding a new member drive, the completion of RAID migration is indicated as follows: Once the migration is completed, associate the RAID6 array with the ID/LUN number originally associated with the previous RAID5 array. Please refer to Section 4.8 Mapping a Logical Volume to Host LUNs for more information.
4.6 Creating a Logical Volume Figure 4 - 24: View and Edit Logical Volumes Screen A logical volume consists of one or several logical drives. Choose View and Edit Logical Volumes in the Main Menu to display the current logical volume configuration and status on the screen. Choose a logical volume number (0-7) that has not yet been defined, then press [ENTER] to proceed. A prompt “Create Logical Volume?” will appear. Select Yes and press [ENTER].
Figure 4 - 26: Selection Sub-menu Use the arrow keys to select a sub-menu and change the initialization mode, write policy, or the managing controller. Logical volumes can be assigned to different controllers (primary or secondary). The default is primary. Figure 4 - 27: Confirm Box Note that if a logical volume is manually assigned to a specific controller, all its members’ assignments will also be shifted to that controller. When all the member logical drives have been selected, press [ESC] to continue.
4.7 Partitioning a Logical Drive/Logical Volume The process of partitioning a logical drive is the same as that of partitioning a logical volume. The partitioning of a logical volume is used as an example in the proceeding discussion. Note that partitioning can be very useful when dealing with a very large capacity; however, partitioning a logical drive or logical volume is not a requirement for RAID configuration.
Figure 4 - 31: Confirm Box When a partition of a logical drive/logical volume is deleted, the capacity of the deleted partition will be added to the previous partition. WARNING! 4.8 • Whenever a partition is changed, it is necessary to reconfigure all host LUN mappings. All data in it will be lost and all host LUN mappings will be removed when there is any change to the partition capacity.
Multiple IDs on host channels are necessary for redundant controller configuration. Details on creating multiple IDs and changing channel modes will be discussed later. Choose a host ID by pressing [ENTER]. Figure 4 - 33: Host Channel/ID List Choose the channel-ID combination you wish to map, then press [ENTER] to proceed. Choose mapping a Logical Drive or a Logical Volume on the drop box. Figure 4 - 34: Mapping Result Page 1. A list of LUN entries and their respective mappings will display.
5. When prompted to "Map Logical Volume?,” select Yes to continue. A prompt will display the mapping you wish to create. Choose Yes to confirm the LUN mapping you selected. The detail in the confirm box reads: partition 0 of logical volume 0 will map to LUN 0 of ID 0 on host channel 0. Continue to map other partitions to host LUNs. Once any host ID/LUN is successfully associated with a logical capacity, the “No Host LUN” message in the LCD screen will change to “Ready.
Choose View and Edit Drives on the Main Menu, then press [ENTER]. Move the cursor bar to a drive that is not assigned to a logical drive or as a spare drive (usually indicated as a "New Drive"), and then press [ENTER]. Figure 4 - 36: Logical Drives List Choose Add Local Spare Drive and press [ENTER]. A list of logical drives displays. Move the cursor bar to a logical drive, then press [ENTER]. The unassigned disk drive will be associated with this logical drive as a Local Spare.
4.10 Viewing and Editing Logical Drives and Drive Members Choose View and Edit Logical Drives in the Main Menu to display the array status. Refer to the previous chapter for more details on the legends used in the Logical Drive’s status. To see the drive member information, choose the logical drive by pressing [ENTER]. Figure 4 - 39: View and Edit Logical Drives Page The disk drive-related functions include: 4-24 Selections Function 1. View Drive Display drive member information 2.
12. Write Policy and task schedules Choose an appropriate write policy 4.10.1 Deleting a Logical Drive Choose the logical drive you wish to delete, then press [ENTER]. Choose Delete logical drive, then choose Yes when prompted to confirm. Figure 4 - 40: Delete Logical Drive Page 4.10.2 Deleting a Partition of a Logical Drive Figure 4 - 41: Delete Partition Page Choose the logical drive which has a partition you wish to delete, then press [ENTER]. Choose Partition logical drive.
Figure 4-42: Drive Space Allocated to the Previous Partition As illustrated above, the capacity of the deleted partition will be added to the previous partition. WARNING! Whenever a partition is changed, it is necessary to reconfigure all host LUN mappings. All data kept in the partition and the host LUN mappings will be removed with any partition change. 4.10.3 Assigning a Name to a Logical Drive Naming can help identify different arrays in a multi-array configuration.
If you want the controller to auto-detect a replacement drive, make sure you have the following items set to “enabled”: 1. Periodic Drive Check Time 2. Periodic Auto-Detect Failure Drive Swap Check Time These two configuration options can be found under “View and Edit Configuration Parameters” -> “Drive-Side Parameters.” Figure 4 - 44: Rebuild Logical Drive Screen Choose the logical drive that has a failed member drive, then press [ENTER]. Choose Rebuild logical drive, then press [ENTER].
the available RAID levels according to the number of physical drives you selected will be shown on the screen. Use the Up and Down arrow keys to select the RAID level and press [Enter]. Figure 4 - 45: Migrate Logical Drive Page NOTE: Some specific functions associate with RAID migration only work with certain product models. WARNING! 1. Different RAID configurations use different sizes of disk space to store parity or mirrored data.
Figure 4 - 46: Add Drive Screen 4.10.8 Regenerating Logical Drive Parity (Applies to RAID Levels 1, 3, 5, and 6) If no verifying method is applied to data writes, this function can often be performed to verify parity blocks of a selected array. This function compares and recalculates parity data to correct parity errors. Figure 4 - 47: Confirm Box Choose the logical drive that you want to regenerate the parity for, and then press [ENTER]. Choose Regenerate Parity, then press [ENTER].
Figure 4 - 48: Media Scan Screen There are two options with performing the Media Scan: 1. Media Scan Priority: determines how much of the system resources will be used for the drive scanning and recalculating process. 2. Iteration Count: determines how many times the scan is performed. If set to “continuous,” the scan will run in the background continuously until it is stopped by a user. The system can automatically perform a Media Scan according to a preset task schedule.
4.11 Viewing and Editing Host LUNs 4.11.1 Viewing or Deleting LUN Mappings Choose the host channel and host ID combination you wish to view or delete. Figure 4 - 50: View and Edit Host Luns Page A list of the current LUN mapping will be displayed on the screen. Move the cursor bar to the LUN mapping you wish to delete, then press [ENTER]. Select Yes to delete the LUN mapping, or No to cancel. 4.
Press [ENTER] on a selected drive to view a sub-menu featuring functions related to the individual hard drive. Figure 4 - 52: View Drive Information Sub-menu The disk drive-related functions include: Function Availability 1. View Drive Information Every drive type 2. Identify Drives Every drive type 3. Clone Failing Drive Members of logical drives 4. Delete Global/Local Spare Drive Global/Local Spare drive 5. Add Global/Local Spare Drive Non-configured drives 6.
Figure 4 - 53: Delete Global/Local Spare Drive Page NOTE: The spare drive you deleted or any drive you replaced from a logical unit will be indicated as a "used drive." 4.12.2 Disk Reserved Space The 256MB of reserved space can be removed from a drive once the drive is excluded from a logical drive. The reserved space, a space formatted with a micro-file system, can also be manually created from a new disk drive.
4.12.3 Identifying Drives Figure 4 - 56: Identify Drive Page Whenever there is a failed drive in a logical drive, make it a point to replace the failed drive with a new, healthy drive to keep the logical drive working. If you replaced the wrong drive when trying to replace a failed drive you will no longer be able to access the logical drive because you have inadvertently failed another drive. To prevent this from happening, the controller provides an easy way to identify the faulty drive.
4.12.3.2 Flash All Drives The Read/Write LEDs of all connected drives will light for a configurable period of time. If the LED of the defective drive did not light on the “Flash Selected Drive” function, use “Flash All Drives” to verify the fault. If the “Flash All Drives” function is executed, and the defective drive’s LED still does not respond, it can be a drive tray problem or the drive is dead. Figure 4 – 58: Flash All Drives 4.12.3.
The drive-identifying function can be selected from “Main Menu”/”View and Edit Drives”/”Identify Drives.” 4.12.4 Media Error Reassign Count Figure 4 - 60: Media Error Reassign Count Page This option provides information about the occurrence of drive’s media error. If a disk drive has encountered media errors, users may enable drive S.M.A.R.T. function to detect drive failure status.
Figure 4 - 61: View and Edit Channels Page Choose View and Edit Channels in the Main Menu to display channel status. Figure 4 - 62: View and Edit ID Page IMPORTANT! Most EonStor subsystems have preset host, drive channels that cannot be changed. Therefore the channel mode option is not available. 4.13.1 Viewing and Editing IDs - Host Channel Figure 4 - 63: Existing ID List Choose a host channel, then press [ENTER]. Choose View and Edit ID. A list of existing ID(s) will be displayed on the screen.
4.13.2 Adding an ID Figure 4 - 64: Add ID Screen Press [ENTER] on one of the existing IDs. Choose Add Channel ID, and then choose to assign an ID. A list of host IDs will appear. Choose an ID. DO NOT choose an ID used by another device on the same channel. 4.13.3 Deleting an ID Figure 4 - 65: Delete ID Screen Choose the host bus ID you wish to delete. Choose Delete Channel ID. The dialog box “Delete ID#?” will appear. Select Yes, then press [ENTER] to confirm.
• At least one controller’s ID has to be present on each channel bus. 4.13.4 Data Rate (Channel Bus) Figure 4 - 66: Data Rate Screen This option is available in the configuration menu of Fibre host channel and the drive channel configuration menus of Fibre- or SATA-based subsystems. Default is “AUTO” and should work fine with most disk drives. Changing this setting is not recommended unless some particular bus signal issues occur.
4.13.5 View Chip Information Figure 7 - 67: View Chip Information This is a view only option showing basic information about the SCSI-320 Channel chip processor. 4.14 System Functions Figure 4 - 68: System Functions Page Choose System Functions in the Main Menu, then press [ENTER] to display the System Functions menu. Move the cursor bar to an item, then press [ENTER].
4.14.1 Mute Beeper Figure 4 - 69: Mute Beeper Screen When the subsystem’s beeper (onboard alarm) has been activated, choose Mute Beeper,” then press [ENTER]. Choose Yes and press [ENTER] in the next dialog box to turn the beeper off temporarily for the current event. The beeper will still be activated by the next event. 4.14.2 Change Password Figure 4 - 70: Change Password Screen Use the subsystem’s password to protect the array from unauthorized entry.
character space. The maximum numbers of characters for the controller password is 32. If the controller name occupies 32 characters, there is only one character left for the controller password, and vice versa. 4.14.3 Changing the Password To set or change the controller password, move the cursor bar to Change Password, then press [ENTER]. If a password has previously been set, the controller will ask for the old password first.
4.14.6 Reset Controller Figure 4 - 72: Reset Controller Screen To reset the controller without powering off the system, move the cursor bar to Reset Controller, then press [ENTER]. Choose Yes in the dialog box that follows, then press [ENTER]. The controller will now reset as well as power off or re-power on. 4.14.7 Shutdown Controller Before powering off the controller, unwritten data may still reside in cache memory. Use the “Shutdown Controller” function to flush the cache content.
4.14.8 Adjust LCD Contrast Figure 4 - 74: Adjust LCD Contrast Page The controller LCD contrast is set at the factory to a level that should be generally acceptable. If changes are required, the controller is equipped with an LCD contrast adjustment circuit, allowing the contrast to be adjusted either via the RS-232 Terminal Emulation Menus or by the LCD User Interface. 4.15 Controller Parameters 4.15.
4.15.2 LCD Title Display - Controller Name Figure 4 - 76: Controller Parameters Screen Choose View and Edit Configuration Parameters, Controller Parameters, then press [ENTER]. Choose to display the embedded controller logo or any given name on the LCD. Giving a specific name to each controller will make them easier to identify if you have multiple RAID systems remotely monitored. 4.15.3 Saving NVRAM to Disks You can choose to backup your controller-dependent configuration information to disks.
A prompt will inform you that NVRAM information was successfully saved. 4.15.4 Restore NVRAM from Disks Use this function to restore your NVRAM information that you previously saved onto disk. From the Main Menu, choose System Functions. Use the arrow keys to scroll down and select Controller Maintenance, Restore NVRAM from disks, and then press [ENTER]. Figure 4 - 78: Restore NVRAM from Disks Screen Press [ENTER] on one of the selections to confirm.
4.15.6 Controller Unique Identifier Figure 4 - 80: View and Edit Configuration Parameters Enter any hex number between “0” and “FFFFF” for the unique identifier. The value you enter MUST be different for each controller. Enter a unique ID for every RAID subsystem whether it is configured in a single-controller configuration. The unique ID is necessary for the following: 1.
Time Zone Figure 4 - 81: Set Controller Date and Time Page The controller uses GMT (Greenwich Mean Time), a 24-hour clock. To change the clock to your local time zone, enter the numbers of hours later than the Greenwich Mean Time after a plus (+) sign. For example, enter “+9” for Japan’s time zone. Date and Time Figure 4 - 82: Enter Date and Time Screen Enter time and date in its numeric representatives in the following order: month, day, hour, minute, and the year.
4.16 View Drive Information Figure 4 - 83: View Drive Information Page From the “View and Edit Drives” menu, select the drive that the utility is to be performed on, then press [ENTER]. Select View drive information, then press [ENTER]. 4.17 Drive Utilities 4.17.1 Drive Read/Write Test From the “View and Edit Drives” menu, select a new or used drive that the utility is to be performed on, then press [ENTER]. Select Drive Utilities, then press [ENTER]. Choose Read/Write Test and press [ENTER].
When finished with the configuration, select Execute Drive Testing and press [ENTER] to proceed. The Read/Write test progress will be indicated by a status bar. Figure 4 - 85: Disk Read/Write Testing Completion Percentage You may press [ESC] and select "Read/Write Test" later and choose to "View Read/Write Testing Progress." If you want to stop testing the drive, select Abort Drive Testing and press [ENTER] to proceed.
4 ............................................................................................................................................... 1 Terminal Operation .................................................................................. 1 4.1 Power on RAID Enclosure ................................................................................................ 1 4.2 Caching Parameters ...........................................................................................................
4.12.3 Identifying Drives .........................................................................................................34 4.12.3.1 Flash Selected Drive ..................................................................................................34 4.12.3.2 Flash All Drives .........................................................................................................35 4.12.3.3 Flash All but Selected Drives...........................................................................
Chapter 5 Host-side and Drive-side Parameters This chapter discusses the advanced options for configuring and maintaining a RAID system. Each function is given a brief explanation as well as a configuration sample. Terminal screens are used in the configuration samples. Some of the operations require basic knowledge of RAID technology and are only recommended for an experienced user. NOTE: All figures in this chapter are showing examples using the management hyper terminal screen. 5.
Figure 5 - 1: SCSI ID/LUNs Figure 8-1 illustrates this idea. If you file a document into a cabinet, you must put the document into one of the drawers. From a SCSI’s point of view, a SCSI ID is like a cabinet, and the drawers are the LUNs (Logical units). Each SCSI ID enables up to 32 LUNs. Data can be stored into one of the LUNs of the SCSI ID. Most SCSI host adapters treat a LUN like another SCSI device. 5.1.
From the Main Menu, select “View and Edit Configuration Parameters,” “Host-side Parameters,” then press [ENTER]. Choose “Max Number of Concurrent Host-LUN Connection,” then press [ENTER]. A list of available selections will appear. Move cursor bar to an item, then press [ENTER]. Choose Yes in the dialog box that follows to confirm your setting. The default is “4.” 5.1.2 Number of Tags Reserved for Each Host-LUN Connection Each nexus has 32 (the default setting) tags reserved.
Figure 5 - 4: Maximum Queued I/O Count Choose “Host-side Parameters,” then press [ENTER]. Choose “Maximum Queued I/O Count,” then press [ENTER]. A list of available selections will appear. Move the cursor bar to an item, then press [ENTER]. Choose Yes in the dialog box that follows to confirm the setting.
5.1.5 LUN Applicability If no logical drive has been created and mapped to a host LUN, and the RAID controller is the only device connected to the host SCSI card, usually the operating system will not load the driver for the host adapter. If the driver is not loaded, the host computer will not be able to use the in-band utility to communicate with the RAID controller. This is often the case when users want to start configuring a RAID using management software from the host.
monitoring and administration. In addition to the regular RS-232C or Ethernet connection, in-band SCSI can serve as an alternative means of management communications. In-band SCSI translates the original configuration commands into standard SCSI commands. These SCSI commands are then sent to and received by the controller over the existing host links, either SCSI or Fibre. 5.1.
Figure 5 - 7: Peripheral Device Type Parameters Operating System Peripheral Device Type Peripheral Device Qualifier Device Support for Removable Media LUN Applicability Windows 2000/2003 0xd Connected Either is okay LUN-0’s Solaris™ 8/9 (x86 and SPARC) Linux RedHat 8/9; SuSE 8/9 0xd Connected Either is okay LUN-0’s 0xd Connected Either is okay LUN-0’s Table 5 - 1: Peripheral Device Type Parameters Device Type Enclosure Service Device No Device Present Direct-access Device Sequential-acce
5.1.9 Cylinder/Head/Sector Mapping Drive capacity is decided by the number of blocks. For some operating systems (Sun Solaris, for example) the capacity of a drive is determined by the cylinder/head/sector count. For Sun Solaris, the cylinder cannot exceed 65535; choose "cylinder<65535,” then the controller will automatically adjust the head/sector count for your OS to read the correct drive capacity. Please refer to the related documents provided with your operating system for more information.
Configuring Sector Ranges/Head Ranges/Cylinder Ranges: Selecting Sector Ranges Figure 5 - 8: Selecting Sector Ranges Selecting Head Ranges Figure 5 - 9: Selecting Head Ranges Selecting Cylinder Ranges Host-Side and Drive-Side Parameters 8-9
Figure 5 - 10: Selecting Cylinder Ranges 5.2 Drive-side Parameters: Figure 5 - 11: Drive Side Parameters Screen Choose “Drive-side Parameters,” then press [ENTER]. The Driveside parameters menu displays.
5.2.1 Disk Access Delay Time This feature sets the delay time before the subsystem tries to access the hard drives after power-on. Default may vary 15 seconds to 30 seconds, and from one model to another. This parameter can be adjusted to fit the spin-up speed of different models of disk drives installed in your subsystem. Figure 5 - 12: Selecting Disk Access Delay Time Choose “Disk Access Delay Time,” then press [ENTER]. A list of selections displays.
receive an I/O timeout when devices of higher priority keep utilizing the bus. The default setting for “Drive I/O Timeout” is 7 seconds. It is highly recommended not to change this setting. Setting the timeout to a lower value will cause the controller to judge a drive as failed while a drive is still retrying, or while a drive is unable to arbitrate the SCSI bus. Setting the timeout to a greater value will cause the controller to keep waiting for a drive, and it may sometimes cause a host timeout.
Figure 5 - 14: Selecting Maximum Tag Count This sub-menu facilitates the support for both Tagged Command Queuing (TCQ) and Native Command Queuing (NCQ). TCQ is a traditional feature on SCSI or Fibre disk drives, while NCQ is recently implemented with SATA disk drives. The queuing feature requires the support of both host adapters and hard disk drives. Command queuing can intelligently reorder host requests to streamline random accesses for IOPS/multi-user environments.
5.2.4 Drive Spindown Idle Delay Period Figure 5 - 15: Selecting Drive Spindown Idle Delay Period This is power saving feature which allows hard drive motor to spin down after a configurable period of time with no I/O requests directed to the hard drives. The drive spin down command is designed for usage on disk-todisk (D2D) backup system. In normal case, the RAID system serves as I/O interface between hosts and drives.
Figure 5 - 16: Enabling/Disabling Delayed Write This option allows to utilize the cache buffer embedded with disk drives. Note that if power outage or hard drive failure occur with data still kept within the disk buffer, data inconsistency might occur.
HOST-SIDE PARAMETERS................................................................................. 1 5.1 Foreword: SCSI Channel, SCSI ID, and LUN......................................................................1 5.1.1 Maximum Concurrent Host LUN Connection (“Nexus” in SCSI) ...................................2 5.1.2 Number of Tags Reserved for Each Host-LUN Connection ............................................3 5.1.3 Maximum Queued I/O Count ........................................................
Chapter 6 Enclosure Management This chapter discusses the configuration options related to enclosure monitoring. Each function is given a brief explanation as well as a configuration sample. Terminal screens will be used in the configuration samples. Some of the operations require basic knowledge of RAID technology and are only recommended for an experienced user. NOTE: All figures in this chapter are showing examples using the management hyper terminal screen. 6.1 Enclosure Monitoring 6.1.
Select “View and Edit Peripheral Devices” on the Main Menu and press [ENTER]. Choose “Set Peripheral Device Entry”, press [ENTER], then select “Event Trigger Operations” by pressing [ENTER]. The event trigger menu displays. The Operations To reduce the chance of data loss, the controller/subsystem automatically commences the following actions to prevent loss of data: 1). Switches its caching mode from write-back to write-through 2).
level I/O board or the daughter card. If any of the threshold values set for any sensor is exceeded, the trigger automatically applies. NOTE: If a battery is not installed in your RAID subsystem, the “BBU Low or Failed “ option should be disabled. 6.1.2 Auto Shutdown: Elevated Temperature System components can be damaged if operated under elevated temperature. You can configure the time periods between the detection of exceeded thresholds and the controller’s commencing an automatic shutdown.
6.1.1.2 Dynamic Caching Mode Switch Controller Auto-Shutdown - Event Triggered Operations Figure 6- 4: Change Controller Shutdown Period Select “View and Edit Peripheral Devices” on the Main Menu and press [ENTER]. Choose “Set Peripheral Device Entry” and “Event Trigger Option” by pressing [ENTER]. The auto-shutdown option displays. Select a configurable time span between the detection of exceeded temperature and the controller’s commencing an automatic shutdown.
Figure 6 - 5: View Peripheral Device Status The controller operation status displays. The enclosure fan status is shown in the 6.3.1 Enclosure Devices Status: View Peripheral Device Status. 6.1.2.1 Changing Monitoring Thresholds Open your PC Terminal Emulation utility. Enter the Main Menu and select “View and Edit Peripheral Devices.” Use the arrow keys to scroll down and select “Controller Peripheral Device Configuration,” “Voltage and Temperature Parameters,” and confirm by pressing [ENTER].
Figure 6 - 6: Set Trigger Thresholds Scroll down and select an item to configure. Figure 6 - 7: Change Threshold for CPU Temperature Select an item, such as “Trigger Thresholds for CPU Temperature Events.” Press [ENTER] and a list of selections will appear. You can change the upper or lower threshold values. Press [ENTER] to confirm. Figure 6 - 8: Enter Trigger Threshold Value A configuration window will prompt. Enter any value within the safety range.
Figure 6 - 9: Warning Message for Out of Range Follow the same method to modify other threshold parameters. 6.2 UPS Support UPS status monitoring is available from firmware release 3.34 onward. This feature enables the RAID subsystem to observe and respond to the status of the UPS (battery charge or AC power) by dynamically switching the write policy. Requirements for UPS Status Monitoring: 1. Connect the UPS device to the controller/subsystem’s COM2 serial port. 2.
Figure 6 - 10: Set SAF-TE and SES Check Time If there are remote components in your RAID enclosure being controlled via SAF-TE/S.E.S. devices, use this function to select how often the controller will check the status of these devices. Choose “Periodic SAF-TE and SES Device Check Time”; then press [ENTER]. Move the cursor to the desired interval, then press [ENTER]. Choose Yes in the dialog box that follows to confirm the setting.
1. Device type 2. Enclosure descriptor 3. Power supply 4. Cooling element 5. Temperature Sensors 6. Audible alarm 7. Enclosure services controller electronics Below is a screen display showing enclosure devices through an I2C serial bus: Figure 6 - 11: I2C Device Information Select the device interface and then press [ENTER] on a connected module to examine its operating status as shown below.
This page is intentionally left blank 9-10 Infortrend
6.1 ENCLOSURE MONITORING ...................................................................................... 1 6.1.1 ENCLOSURE DEVICES ..................................................................................................... 1 The Operations ...................................................................................................................... 2 The Trigger ........................................................................................................................
Chapter 7 Data Integrity This chapter discusses various firmware mechanisms that help to secure the integrity of array data. No system is completely safe from the threat of hardware faults. For example, although the chance of occurrence is considerably low, the occurrences of bad blocks on two (RAID 5) or three (RAID 6) hard drives can fail a whole data set. When properly configured, the functions below help to minimize the chance of data loss: 1. Event Triggered Operations (refer to Chapter. 9) 2.
7.1 Failed Drive Detection 7.1.1 Periodic Drive Check Time The “Periodic Drive Check Time” is the time interval for the controller to check all disk drives that were on the drive bus at controller startup (a list of all the drives that were detected can be seen under “View and Edit Drives”). The default value is “1 second.” If set to “Disabled,” it means that if a drive is removed from the bus, the subsystem will not be able to know – so long as no host accesses that drive.
7.1. 2 Periodic Auto-Detect Failure Drive Swap Check Time The “Drive-Swap Check Time” is the interval at which the controller checks to see if a failed drive has been swapped. When a logical drive’s member drive fails, the controller will detect the failed drive (at the selected time interval).
IMPORTANT! • The "Periodic Drive Check Time” is enabled by choosing a time value. The RAID controller will poll all connected drives through the controller’s drive channels at the assigned interval. Drive removal will be detected even if a host does not attempt to access data on that specific drive.
A member of another logical drive fails. The subsystem has no spare left. Performance decreases for a considerable portion of system resources has to be conducted to generate data from the remaining members of the logical drive. If yet another member fails in the logical drive, data is lost. The chance of failing two drives increases when a failed drive in the array cannot be replaced immediately for the lack of spare drives.
The scheduler is accessed through the “View and Edit Logical Drives” menu by selecting a configured array to display the list of array-related functions. Select “Media Scan” by pressing [ENTER]. Figure 7 - 5: Task Scheduler Function Select “Task Scheduler” by pressing [ENTER]. Creating a New Schedule Figure 7 - 6: Enable Task Scheduler If there is no preset schedule, a confirm box as shown above will prompt.
Execute on Controller Initialization Figure 7 - 8: Set for Task Scheduler Function This option determines whether Media Scan is automatically conducted whenever the RAID system is reset or powered on. Start Time and Date Figure 7 - 9: Set for Date on Task Scheduler Function Enter time and date in its numeric representatives in the following order: month, day, hour, minute, and the year.
• If the action is intended to be executed for one time only, select “Execution Once.” • In the case of a periodic action, the action is executed at the specified “start time,” and then re-enacted at the time interval indicated in the execution period so as to be executed again later. The selectable interval ranges from one second to several weeks.
Select Logical Drives Figure 7 - 13: Set for Logical Drive Press [ENTER] on “Select Logical Drives” to bring out a sub-menu. From there you may include all configured arrays or press [ENTER] on “To Select Logical Drives” to select one or more specific logical drive(s). Logical drives can be tagged for inclusion by positioning the cursor bar on the logical drive and then pressing [ENTER]. An asterisk (∗) mark will appear on the selected physical drive(s).
7.3 Regenerating Logical Drive Parity Figure 7 - 15: Regenerate Logical Drive Parity Parity regeneration is a function manually performed onto RAID1/3/5/6 arrays to determine whether inconsistency has occurred with data parity. You may perform the parity check directly without changing the two options below, or set preferred options and then press [ENTER] on “Execute Regenerate Logical Drive Parity” to begin the operation. 7.3. 1 Overwrite Inconsistent Parity Default is “enabled.
Figure 7 - 16: Set for Disk Array Parameters Select “View and Edit Configuration Parameters” on the Main Menu and press [ENTER]. Choose “Disk Array Parameters,” then press [ENTER] again. The Disk Array Parameters menu will appear. 7.4. 1 Rebuild Priority Figure 7 - 17: Change Rebuild Priority Choose “Rebuild Priority,” then press [ENTER]. A list of the priority selections (Low, Normal, Improved, or High) displays. Move the cursor bar to a selection, then press [ENTER]. 7.4.
Verification on LD Initialization Writes Performs Verify-after-Write when initializing a logical drive Verification on LD Rebuild Writes Performs Verify-after-Write during the rebuild process Verification on LD Normal Drive Writes Performs Verify-after-Write during normal I/Os Each method can be enabled or disabled individually. Hard drives will perform Verify-after-Write according to the selected method.
7.1 FAILED DRIVE DETECTION .................................................................................... 2 7.1.1 Periodic Drive Check Time................................................................................... 2 7.1. 2 Periodic Auto-Detect Failure Drive Swap Check Time............................................ 3 The “Drive-Swap Check Time” is the interval at which the controller checks to see if a failed drive has been swapped.
Chapter 8 Array Expansion The array expansion functions allow you to expand storage capacity without the cost of buying new equipment. Expansion can be completed on-line while the system is serving host I/Os. 8.1 Overview What is RAID Expansion and how does it work? Before the invention of RAID Expansion, increasing the capacity of a RAID system meant backing up all data in the disk array, recreating the disk array configuration with new drives, and then restoring data back into system.
added, the capacity will be increased to 144GB in two separate partitions (one is 108GB and the other 36GB). 2. Size of the New Drive: A drive used for adding capacity should have the same or more capacity as other drives in the array. 3. Applicable Arrays: Expansion can only be performed on RAID 0, 1, 3, 5, and 6 logical drives. Expansion cannot be performed on logical configurations that do not have parity, e.g., NRAID or RAID 1.
RAID levels supported: RAID 0, 1, 3, 5 and 6 Expansion can be performed on logical drives or logical volumes under the following conditions: 1. There is unused capacity in a logical unit 2. Capacity is increased by using member drives of larger capacity (see Copy and Replace in the discussion below) Data is recalculated and distributed to drive members or members of a logical volume. Upon the completion of the process, the added or the previously unused capacity will become a new partition.
RAID levels supported: RAID 0, 1, 3, 5, and 6. The new partition must be made available through a host ID/LUN. Add Drive Procedure First select from the Main Menu, “View and Edit Logical Drive,” and select a logical drive to add a new drive to. The drive selected for adding should have a capacity no less than the original member drives. If possible, use drives of the same capacity because all drives in the array are treated as though they have the capacity of the smallest member in the array.
Available drives will be listed. Select one or more drive(s) to add to the target logical drive by pressing [ENTER]. The selected drive will be indicated by an asterisk “*” mark. Figure 8 – 5: Select Drives Press [ESC] to proceed and the notification will prompt. Figure 8 – 6: Notice Starting Add Drive Operation Press [ESC] again to cancel the notification prompt; a status bar will indicate the percentage of progress.
Figure 8 – 8: Completion of Add Drive Function The added capacity will be automatically included, meaning that you do not have to "expand logical drive" later. Map the added capacity to another host ID/LUN to make use of it. As diagrammed above, in "View and Edit Host LUN," the original capacity is 9999MB, its host LUN mapping remains unchanged, and the added capacity appears as the second partition. IMPORTANT! • Expansion by adding drives can not be canceled once started.
When all the member drives have been replaced, execute the “Expand Logical Drives” function to make use of the added capacity. RAID levels supported: RAID 0, 1, 3, 5 and 6 Figure 8 – 9: Expansion by Copy & Replace Copy and Replace Procedure Select from Main Menu “View and Edit Logical Drives.” Select a target array, press [ENTER] and scroll down to choose “Copy and Replace Drive.” Press [ENTER] to proceed.
The array members will be listed. Select the member drive (the source drive) you want to replace with a larger one. Figure 8 – 11: Select Source Drive Select one of the members as the "source drive" (status indicated as ON-LINE) by pressing [ENTER]; a table of available drives will prompt. Select a "new drive" to copy the capacity of the source drive onto. The channel number and ID number of both the “Source Drive” and the “Destination Drive” will be indicated in the confirming box.
Figure 8 – 14: View Copy and Replace Progress Completion of the Copy and Replace process will be indicated by a notification message. Follow the same method to copy and replace every member drive. You may now perform “Expand Logical Drive” to make use of the added capacity, and then map the additional capacity to a host LUN. Figure 8 – 15: Completed Copy and Replace 8.
Figure 8 – 16: Expand Logical Drive Choose Yes to confirm and proceed. Figure 8 – 17: Choose Expand Logical Drive Upon completion, you will be prompted by the notification message. Figure 8 – 18: Completed Expand Logical Drive Press [ESC] to return to the previous menu screen. The total capacity of logical drive has been expanded to 6GB.
8.6 Expand Logical Volume To expand a logical volume, expand its logical drive member(s) and then perform “expand logical volume.” Figure 8 – 20: Expand Logical Volume When prompted by "Expand Logical Volume?", choose Yes to confirm and the process will be completed immediately. 8.7 Configuration Example: Volume Extension in Windows 2000® Limitations When Using Windows 2000 Array Expansion 1.
Example The following example demonstrates the expansion of a 16988MB RAID 5 logical drive. The HyperTerminal emulation software that comes with Windows Server is used to connect to the RAID controller via RS-232C. Figure 8 – 21: View Logical Drive You can view information about this drive in the Windows 2000 Server’s Computer Management -> Storage -> Disk Management. Figure 8 – 22: View Disk Management on Windows Place the cursor on Disk 1, right-click your mouse, and select “Properties.
Figure 8 – 23: View Disk Information Follow the steps described in the previous section to "add" or "copy & replace" disk drives and perform “Logical Drive Expansion.” Figure 8 – 24: View Logical Drive Expansion of progress The 16.5GB logical drive has become a 25GB logical drive. Place the cursor on that logical drive, and then press [ENTER].
Figure 8 – 25: Choose Logical Drive From the menu, select "Partition Logical Drive." You will see that the 25GB logical drive is composed of a 17GB partition and an 8.4GB partition. Figure 8 – 26: View Partition of Logical Drive Follow the directions in Chapter 5 and Chapter 7 to map the new partition to a host LUN. The new partition must be "mapped" to a host LUN in order for the HBA (host-bus adapter) to see it. Once you have mapped the partition, reboot your Windows server.
Figure 8 – 27: View Disk information on Windows Select an existing volume (Disk1) and then right-click on the disk column. Select “Extend Volume” to proceed.
The Extend Volume Wizard will guide you through the rest of the process. Figure 8 – 29: Configure Disk Volume The screen will display that the volume set of Drive E: has been extended into a spanned volume by the 8.3GB in Disk2. Figure 8 – 30: View Disk Management on Windows Logical Drive E: is now composed of two partitions with a total volume of 2500MB. To see this, hold down on the key and select both Disk 1 and Disk2; then right-click your mouse and select “Properties.
Figure 8 – 31: View Disk Information Array Expansion 8-17
This page is intentionally left blank 8-18 Infortrend
Overview ........................................................................................................................... 1 8.1 8.2 Notes on Expansion ........................................................................................................... 1 8.3 Mode 1 Expansion:............................................................................................................ 3 Adding Drives to a Logical Drive ...........................................................................
Chapter 9 S.M.A.R.T. Configuration 9.1 Overview S.M.A.R.T. With the maturity of technologies like S.M.A.R.T., drive failures can be predicted to certain degree. Before S.M.A.R.T., receiving notifications of drive bad block reassignments may be the most common omen that a drive is about to fail. In addition to the S.M.A.R.T.-related functions as will be discussed later, a system administrator can also choose to manually perform “Clone Failing Drive” on a drive which is about to fail.
9.1.2 Replace after Clone Data on the source drive, the drive with predicted errors (or any selected member drive), will be cloned to a standby spare and replaced later by the spare. The status of the replaced drive, the original member drive with predicted errors, will be redefined as a “used drive.” System administrators may replace the “used drive” with a new one, and then configure the new drive as a spare drive. Locate the logical drive to which the drive with predictable errors belongs.
The cloning process will be indicated by a status bar. You may quit the status bar by pressing [ESC] to return to the table of the connected drives. Select the drive indicated as “CLONING” by pressing [ENTER]. Figure 9– 4: Cloning Status Select “Clone Failing Drive” again to view the current status. You may identify the source drive and choose to “View Clone Progress,” or “Abort Clone” if you happen to have selected the wrong drive.
Figure 9 – 6: Select Perpetual Clone Drive The controller will automatically start the cloning process using the existing “stand-by” (local/global spare drive) to clone the source drive (the target member drive). The cloning process will begin with a notification message: Figure 9 – 7: Notice Starting Clone Status Press [ESC] to view the current progress: Figure 9 – 8: Cloning Progress Status You may quit viewing the status bar by pressing [ESC] to return to the previous menu.
Figure 9 – 9: Identify The Source Drive The cloning progress will be completed by a notification message as displayed below: Figure 9 – 10: Notice Clone Completed You may press [ESC] to clear the notification message to see the drives’ status after the cloning process. The source drive (Channel 1 ID 5) remains as a member of logical drive “0,” and the “stand-by” drive (Channel 1 ID 2, the dedicated/global spare drive) has become a “CLONE” drive. Figure 9 – 11: View the Drive Status 9.1.4 S.M.A.R.T.
for disk drives. When S.M.A.R.T. is enabled, the drive monitors predetermined disk drive attributes that are susceptible to degradation over time. If a failure is likely to occur, S.M.A.R.T. makes a status report available so that the host can prompt the user to backup data from the failing drive. However, not all failures can be predicted. S.M.A.R.T.
Detect and Perpetual Clone When the S.M.A.R.T. function is enabled, the controller will send a command to enable all drives' S.M.A.R.T. function. If a drive predicts a problem, the controller will report the problem in an event log. The controller will clone the drive if a Dedicated/Global spare is available. The drive with predicted errors will not be taken off-line, and the clone drive will still act as a standby drive. If the drive with predicted errors fails, the clone drive will take over immediately.
Figure 9 – 12: Select Drive Check Time Step 2. In \View and Edit Configuration Parameters\Driveside Parameters\Drive Predictable Failure Mode , choose one from “Detect Only,” “Detect, Perpetual Clone” and “Detect, Clone+Replace.
Examining Whether Your Drives Support S.M.A.R.T. To see if your drive supports S.M.A.R.T., follow the steps below: Step 1. Enable “S.M.A.R.T.” for your drives in the RAID system. Step 2. In “View and Edit Drives,” choose one drive to test to. Press [ENTER] on the drive; a sub-menu will appear. Step 3. Note that a new item “Predictable Failure Test” appears in the sub-menu. If the S.M.A.R.T.” feature is not properly enabled, this item will not appear in the sub-menu.
message appears, it means your drive supports S.M.A.R.T. features. Step 6. If the error message does not appear, you may simply refer to related documentation or contact your drive manufacturer for information about whether the drive model and drive firmware version support S.M.A.R.T. Using S.M.A.R.T. Functions Step 1. Enable “S.M.A.R.T.” on the RAID controller. Step 2. Make sure your drives do support S.M.A.R.T. so that your system will work properly. Step 3. The “Detect Only” Setting 3a.
4a. In \View and Edit Configuration Parameters\Drive-side Parameters\Drive Predictable Failure Mode , choose “Detect, Perpetual Clone.” 4b. You should have at least one spare drive for the logical drive (either Local Spare or Global Spare Drive). 4c. When a drive (logical drive member) detects predictable drive errors, the controller will “clone” the drive with a spare drive. You may enter the "View and Edit Drives" menu and click on the spare drive (either Local or Global one).
5c. When a drive (a logical drive member) detects the predictable drive failure, the controller will “clone” the drive with a spare drive. After the “clone” process is completed, it will replace the source drive immediately. The source drive will be identified as a “used drive.” If you want to see the progress of cloning, press [ESC] to clear the notification message and see the status bar. The source drive’s status will be defined as a “used drive” and will be immediately replaced and pulled offline.
Chapter 10 Implementations for AV Applications This chapter introduces some new firmware functions for AV applications. More options will be available for AV applications with future firmware releases. NOTE: All figures in this chapter are showing examples using the management hyper terminal screen. 10.
Figure 10 - 1: Selecting Maximum Drive Response Timeout Value To prepare the array for read-intensive applications, the following are recommended: 1. Performance using the write-through caching mode is better than that using the write-back mode on subsystems equipped with redundant RAID controllers. 2. Arrays should not be partitioned. 3. The priorities for Rebuild or Add-drive operations should be set to “low.” 4.
Figure 10 - 2: Selecting An AV Optimization Mode The applicable number of streaming for fewer/multiple streaming will depend on the field applications. NOTE: No matter what user configures for the Maximum Drive Response Timeout, once the AV optimization is set, the Maximum Drive Response Timeout is fixed at its predefined value.
10.1 10.2 13-4 MAXIMUM DRIVE RESPONSE TIME .................................................................................1 AV OPTIMIZATION MODE ...............................................................................................
Appendix A Firmware Functionality Specifications A.1 Basic RAID Management: Specification RAID levels Maximum number of logical drives Maximum logical drive capacity RAID level dependency to each logical drive Maximum number of logical drive members Configurable stripe size Feature 0, 1(0+1), 3, 5, 6, 10, 30, 50, 60, JBOD and NRAID.
Maximum number of partitions for each logical drive Maximum number of logical volumes Maximum number of LUNs Mappable Maximum number of LUNs per host ID Maximum number of Media Scan task schedules Concurrent I/O Tag Command Queuing (TCQ) Native Command Queuing (NCQ) Dedicated spare drive Global spare drive Global spare autoassign Co-existing dedicated and global spare drives Auto-rebuild onto spare drive Auto-scan of replacement drive upon manually initiated rebuild One-step rebuild onto a replacement drive
NOTE: Regenerate Parity and Rebuild cannot take place on a logical drive at the same time. Background firmware download Auto recovery from logical drive failure (configuration on drives) Create, Expand, and Add Drive operations cannot take place on a logical drive at the same time. Firmware can be downloaded during active I/Os. Supported. When user accidentally removed the wrong drive to cause the 2nd drive failure of a one-drive-failed RAID5 / RAID3 logical drive, fatal error may occur.
Bad Block Handling in degraded mode A method for handling low quality drives. The operation is performed on both the logical drive in degraded mode or that being rebuilt. If bad blocks should be encountered during Rebuild, Add Drive, Host Write, or Regenerate Parity operation, the controller will first attempt to reconstruct affected data and those unrecoverable bad blocks are stated as bad and passed to host.
Host LUN geometry: user configurable default geometry (Solaris OSes) User configurable geometry range: Drive motor spin-up 1. Capacity <64GB: Head=63, Sector=32, Cylinder=? (depends on capacity) 2. 64GB
Supported memory type Read-ahead operation Multi-threaded operation Scatter / Gather I/O sorting Adaptive Writeback/Write-through switching Periodic Cache Flush SDRAM or DDR memory for enhanced performance Fast Page Memory with Parity for enhanced data security Intelligent and dynamic read-ahead operation for processing sequential data requests Yes Supported Supported. Optimized I/O sorting for enhanced performance.
A.4 RAID Expansion: On-line RAID expansion Mode-1 RAID expansion add drive Mode-2 RAID expansion – copy and replace drives Expand capacity with no extra drive bays required Operating system support for RAID expansion Supported. Capacity brought by array expansion is immediately ready for Host I/Os when its status changes from “EXPAND” to “INITIALIZING.” Initialization task is then completed in the background except when the logical array is stated as “INCOMPLETE” or “BAD;” e.g.
Synchronized cache Write-back cache enabled in redundant controller mode Automatic failover Synchronized cache can be disabled when using write-through mode in a redundant controller configuration to prevent performance trade-offs. Yes, with synchronized cache connection between controllers. Yes (user's interaction necessary) Automatic failback Yes (user's interaction necessary) Controller hot-swap No need to shut down the failed controller before replacing the failed controller.
Load sharing User configurable channel mode Require a special firmware for redundant controller? Supported. Workload can be flexibly divided between different controllers by assigning logical configurations of drives (LDs/LVs) to different controllers. Supported. Channel modes configurable (SCSI or Fibre) as HOST or DRIVE on specific models such as the EonRAID 2510FS and EonStor F16F. No. A.7 Data Safety: Regenerate parity of logical drives Scheduled Media Scan Supported.
Verification on LD initialization writes Drive S.M.A.R.T. support Clone failing drive Automatic shutdown on over-temperature condition drives. Supported. Performs read-after-write during logical drive initialization to ensure data is properly written to drives. Supported. Drive failure is predictable with reference to the variables detected. Reaction schemes are selectable from Detect only, Perpetual Clone and Copy + Replace. These options help to improve MTBF.
A.9 Environment Management: SAF-TE/S.E.S. support Dynamic on-lining of enclosure services SAF-TE/S.E.S. polling period ISEMS (Infortrend Simple Enclosure Management Service) Multiple SAF-TE/S.E.S. modules on the same channel Multiple SAF-TE /S.E.S. modules on different channels Mapping SAF-TE/S.E.S. device to host channel for use with host-based SAF-TE/S.E.S. monitoring Event Triggered Operation Dual-speed cooling fan control Dual-LED drive status indicators SAF-TE/ S.E.S.
On-board controller temperature sensors Enclosure redundant power supply status monitoring Enclosure fan status monitoring Enclosure UPS status monitoring Enclosure temperature monitoring user configurable. Supported. Monitors the CPU and board temperature status. Event trigger threshold user configurable. Supported. SAF-TE/S.E.S./ISEMS Supported. SAF-TE/S.E.S/ISEMS Supported. SAF-TE/S.E.S/ISEMS Supported. SAF-TE/S.E.S/ISEMS A.
Firmware Functionality................................................................. 1 Specifications.................................................................................................. 1 A.1 A.2 A.3 A.4 A.5 A.6 A.7 A.8 A.9 A.10 A.11 Basic RAID Management: ............................................................................................. 1 Advanced Features:........................................................................................................
Appendix B System Functions: Upgrading Firmware B.1 Upgrading Firmware The RAID controller’s firmware resides in flash memory that can be updated through the COM port, LAN port, or via In-band SCSI/Fibre. New releases of firmware are available in the form of a DOS file in the "pub" directory of Infortrend’s FTP site or on a 3.5" diskette.
B.1.2 Note for Redundant Controller Firmware Upgrade: A controller used to replace a failed unit in a dual-controller system is often running a newer release of firmware version. To solve the contention, make sure the firmware on a replacement controller is downgraded to that running on the surviving controller. IMPORTANT! • Allow the downloading process to finish. Do not reset or turn off the computer or the controller while it is downloading the file.
B.2.2 Upgrade Both Boot Record and Firmware Binaries Figure B - 1: Upgrading Boot Record and Firmware Binaries Using RAIDWatch Program 1. Connect to the RAID system locally or from a remote computer using RAIDWatch Manager. While connected to the RAID system, there will be icon(s) with IP address specified on the left of the menu screen. Select by double-clicking the icon of the RAID system which firmware is to be upgraded. Select the “Configuration Parameters” icon and then select the “System” tab.
B.2.3 Upgrade the Firmware Binary Only Figure B - 2: Upgrading Firmware Binaries Using RAIDWatch Program 1. Connect to the RAID system locally or from a remote computer using RAIDWatch Manager. While connected to the RAID system, there will be icon(s) with IP address specified on the left of the menu screen. Select by double-clicking the icon of the RAID subsystem which firmware is to be upgraded. Select the “Configuration Parameters” icon and then select the “System” tab.
B.3 Upgrading Firmware Using RS-232C Terminal Emulation The firmware can be downloaded to the RAID controller/subsystem by using an ANSI/VT-100 compatible terminal emulation program. Whichever terminal emulation program is used must support the ZMODEM file transfer protocol. The following example uses the HyperTerminal in Windows NT®. Other terminal emulation programs (e.g., Telix and PROCOMM Plus) can perform the firmware upgrade as well. B.3.
6. Send the Boot Record Binary to the controller. In HyperTerminal, go to the "Transfer" menu and choose "Send file." If you are not using Hyper Terminal, choose "Upload" or "Send" (depending on the software). 7. After the Boot Record has been downloaded, send the Firmware Binary to the controller. In HyperTerminal, go to the "Transfer" menu and choose "Send file." If you are not using Hyper Terminal, choose "Upload" or "Send" (depending on the software). 8.
Figure B - 5: Sending Files 6. When the Firmware completes downloading, the controller will automatically reset itself. If the subsystem/controller is running firmware later than version 3.21, you need to manually reset the subsystem/controller for the new firmware to take effect.
This page is intentionally left blank B-8 Infortrend
System Functions: Upgrading Firmware.............................................................................. 1 B.1 Upgrading Firmware............................................................................................... 1 B.1.1 Background RS-232C Firmware Download: Single Controller ................. 1 B.1.2 Note for Redundant Controller Firmware Upgrade: .................................. 2 B.2 Upgrading Firmware Using RAIDWatch Manager ............................................ 2 B.2.
Appendix C Event Messages The controller events can be categorized as follows according to the severity levels: Critical Warning Notification Errors that need to attend to immediately Errors Command processed message sent from Firmware The RAID subsystem records all system events from power on, it can record up to 1,000 events. To power off or to reset the controller will cause an automatic deletion of all the recorded event logs.
Event Index C.1 Logical Drive Events C.1.
LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: On-Line Expansion of Logical Drive Completed LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: Starting Off-Line Expansion LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: Off-Line Expansion of Logical Drive Completed LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: Continue Add Drive Operation LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: Starting Add Drive Operation LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: Add Drive Operation Paused LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: Add Drive to Logical Drive Completed LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: Add Drive Operation Paused NOTICE: CHL:0 ID:132 Startin
C.2 Channel and Individual Drive Events C.2.1 Critical: CHL:0 ID:132 ALERT:Media Error Unrecoverable-0xD8001C7C CHL:0 FATAL ERROR(0) C.2.
CHL:0 Host Channel ALERT: Channel Failure SMART-Slot:-1 Predictable Failure Detected-Clone Failed SMART-Slot:-1 Predictable Failure Detected SMART-Slot:-1 Predictable Failure Detected-Starting Clone SMART-Slot:-1 Predictable Failure Detected(TEST) SMART-Slot:-1 Predictable Failure Detected(TEST) SMART-Slot:-1 Predictable Failure Detected(TEST) SMART-Slot:-1 Predictable Failure Detected(TEST) CHL:0 ALERT: Fibre Channel Loop Failure Detected CHL:0 ALERT:Redundant Loop for Chl:0 Failure Detected CHL:0 ALERT:Re
C.3 General Target Events C.3.1 Critical: SAF-TE Device(0)ALERT: Power Supply Failure Detected(Idx:132) Peripheral Set 0 Device ALERT:Power Supply 0 Failure Detected Peripheral Set 0 Device ALERT:Power Supply 0 Not Present Peripheral Set 0 Device ALERT: Low Voltage Detected(-1073939240.
Peripheral Set 2 Device NOTICE: PSU0 +12V Back On-Line(5.
C.4 Controller Events C.4.1 Critical: ALERT: +3.3V Low Voltage Detected(205.
Event Description C.5 Logical Drive Events C.5.1 Critical: Message What Happens? What to Do? LG:0 Logical Drive ALERT: CHL:0 ID:132 Drive Missing The specified hard drive in the specified logical drive has is missing. The drive could have been accidentally removed or drive connection problems occurred. Check drive connection and related enclosure status.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? C-10 LG:0 Logical Drive ALERT: Rebuild Failed Logical drive rebuild failed. It could result from the one of the following reasons: 1. The rebuild has been manually canceled by a user. 2. The replacement drive used for a rebuild may have failed during the rebuild or the drive contains immanent defects. 3.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Event Messages LG:0 Logical Drive ALERT: Initialization Failed Logical drive initialization failed. It could result from one of the following reasons: 1. One of the disk drives used for a logical drive might have failed during rebuild. 2. Media errors are encountered on another member drive during the initialization process. 3.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? C-12 LG:0 Logical Drive ALERT: CHL:0 ID:132 Clone Failed Drive cloning failed. It could result from one of the following reasons: 1. Cloning has been manually canceled by a user. 2. The drive used for cloning might have failed during the cloning process. 3. Bad blocks are encountered on another member drive during the cloning process.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? LG:0 Logical Drive ALERT: Bad Data Block Marked 000000084 Media errors caused data inconsistency; e.g., concurrent occurrences of media errors on more than one RAID5 member drive. The affected data blocks # are marked bad. The situation may result from the following: 1. One member drive failed, and media errors are found on another member drive. 2.
Message What Happens? What to Do? LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: Starting Rebuild The rebuild process has begun. This is the message displayed when a stand-by spare is available when a member drive fails or when a faulty drive is physically replaced. The subsystem should automatically detect a drive for rebuild if the hot-swap detection mechanism has been enabled.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Event Messages LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: Starting Off-Line Initialization Creation process is completed, initialization process has begun to generate parity sectors and readying member drives.
Message What Happens? What to Do? LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: Continue Add Drive Operation The target logical drive has been restored to its previous status, e.g., power-off or media errors, and the add drive operation can continue. Press ESC to clear the message. Message What Happens? What to Do? LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: Starting Add Drive Operation Add drive expansion process started Press ESC to clear the message.
Message What to Do? LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: CHL:0 ID:132 Continue Clone Operation The target logical drive has been restored to its previous status, e.g., a failed drive is restored, and the cloning process can continue. Press ESC to clear the message. Message What Happens? What to Do? LG:0 Logical Drive NOTICE: CHL:0 ID:132 Starting Clone Cloning process started on one of the members of Logical Drive 0 Press ESC to clear the message.
C.6 Channel and Individual Drive Events C.6.1 Critical: Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? CHL:0 ID:132 Target ALERT: Media Error Unrecoverable-0xD8001C7C Drive surface media errors found and after rewrite the drive sectors are determined as physically damaged and unusable. Data will be reassigned to other drive sectors. Host writes should continue without problems. CHL:0 Fatal Error (0) Channel 0 has fatally failed. Contact your system vendor for help. C.6.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? CHL:_ Drive Channel ALERT: Gross Phase/Signal Error Detected Phase/signal abnormality detected on the specific drive channel. Contact your RAID system supplier. CHL:_ RCC Channel ALERT: Unexpected Disconnect Encountered Unexpected disconnect detected on the specific RCC channel. Check cabling/termination and canister connections, and contact your RAID system supplier.
Message What Happens? What to Do? CHL:_ ID:_ Host Channel ALERT: Parity/CRC Error Detected Parity or CRC errors detected through host ID, CHL_ ID_. Occurrences of these faults usually can be negotiated between RAID subsystems and application servers. If occurrences become frequent, contact your RAID system supplier. Message What Happens? What to Do? CHL:_ Host Channel ALERT: Parity/CRC Error Detected Host channel parity or CRC errors detected.
Message What Happens? What to Do? CHL:_ Drive Channel ALERT: Unit Attention Received (10B) Drive-side target unit attention receive on a drive channel CHL:_ ID:_. Rare occurrence of these errors can be managed by firmware. Check proper installation and contact your RAID system supplier. Message What Happens? What to Do? CHL:_ ID:_ Drive ALERT: Aborted Command (00B) Aborted command reported from a disk drive CHL:_ ID:_ Rare occurrence of these errors can be managed by firmware.
Message What Happens? What to Do? CHL:_ RCC Channel ALERT: Negotiation Error Detected Negotiation errors occurred on the RCC channel CHL:_. Rare occurrence of these errors can be managed by firmware. Contact your RAID system supplier. Message What Happens? CHL:_ ID:_ Target ALERT: Negotiation Error Detected Negotiation errors occurred with the communications with a disk drive CHL:_ ID:_. The event could also occur with drive target data bus sync/wide negotiation abnormality.
Message What Happens? What to Do? CHL:_ Host Channel ALERT: Channel Failure Host channel CHL:_ link failure or disconnection occurred. Check proper cabling connection and host HBA, link connection devices, etc. Contact your RAID system supplier. Message What Happens? SMART-Slot:_ Predictable Failure Detected-Clone Failed Hard Drive(s) report SMART-detected defects. A spare drive is commenced to clone or replace the member drive showing defects. The cloning operation failed.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? CHL:_ ALERT: Redundant Path for CHL:_ ID:_ Expected but Not Found One of the dual loop members may have failed or been disconnected. This event is regenerated in the event when the one of dual loop connections to an expansion enclosure can not be found after power-up. Make sure all channels are properly connected and topological configurations properly set. Check cabling and system installation.
Message What Happens? What to Do? CHL:_ ID:_ Drive NOTICE: Drive Recovered Error Reported Hard drive unrecoverable media error reported. A bad block is encountered in the specified hard drive. The RAID controller will ask the hard drive to retry. Press [ESC] to clear the message. Message What Happens? What to Do? CHL:_ LIP(FF B) Detected A LIP is issued on CHL:_. Check proper host- or drive-side activities. Press ESC to clear the message.
C.7 General Target Events C.7.1 Critical: Message What to Do? SAF-TE Device(0) ALERT: Power Supply Failure Detected(Idx:132) Power supply failure detected through SAF-TE monitoring device. Contact your RAID supplier for a replacement module. Message What Happens? What to Do? Peripheral Set 0 Device ALERT: Power Supply 0 Failure Detected Power supply failure detected through an I2C serial bus. Contact your RAID supplier for a replacement module.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Peripheral Set 0 Device ALERT: Cooling Fan 2 Note Present No cooling fan module is installed in the expected module slot. Check proper module installation or contact your RAID supplier for a replacement module. Message Peripheral Set 0 Device ALERT: Low Speed Detected(-1073870808 RPM) Low rotation speed detected on cooling fan. This is a fault detected through an I2C serial bus. Check proper module installation or contact your RAID supplier for a replacement module.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Peripheral Set 0 Device ALERT: Temperature Sensor 0 Not Present Temperature sensor failed or serial bus configuration/connection faults occurred. Contact your RAID system supplier. Peripheral Set 0 Device ALERT: Cold Detected Temperature dropped below the lower system threshold detected. Improper installation site condition might have caused the situation. Correct your installation site condition.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Warning: UPS AC Power-Loss Detected UPS AC power loss reported through the COM2 serial port connection. Contact your UPS supplier. Warning: UPS Battery Low - __% UPS battery charge low, may not be able to support subsystem during a power outage. Wait for the UPS to recharge or you may use the Event Triggered mechanisms implemented with firmware.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? Peripheral Set 0 Device NOTICE: FAN 1 Back On-Line(_RPM) An individual cooling fan once missing or failed is restored, and the PRM reading displays. This applies to enclosure implementations using cooling fans capable of reporting rotation speed. Press ESC to clear this message. What to Do? SES(C0 I0) Cooling Fan 1:Fan Back On-Line A cooling fan once missing or failed is restored. This message is reported through an SES monitoring device.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Power Supply 0 Back-Online Power supply module 0 is back online Press ESC to clear this message. Message What Happens? What to Do? Peripheral Set 0 Device NOTICE: PSU0 +12V Back On-Line Power supply module 0 restored normal +12V voltage range Press ESC to clear this message. Message What Happens? What to Do? Peripheral Set 0 Device NOTICE: PSU0 +12V is Present Power supply module 0 restored normal +12V voltage range Press ESC to clear this message.
Message What Happens? What to Do? C-32 SES(C0 I0)UPS 2: UPS Power Back On-Line UPS 2 connected through SES interface reports power back online. Press ESC to clear this message.
C.8 Controller Events C.8.1 Critical: Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? Message What Happens? What to Do? ALERT: +3.3V Low Voltage Detected(_._V) The detected +3.3V voltage source is lower than the preset voltage threshold. Check power supply working condition, voltage threshold settings, and contact your RAID system supplier if necessary.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Controller PCI Bus Parity Errors Detected Serious system faults have occurred. Stop host I/Os immediately to prevent further data dis-integrity and contact your RAID system supplier. Message What Happens? Controller ALERT: Power Supply Unstable or NVRAM Failed Power supply voltage fluctuating or internal system faults have occurred. Different system faults may trigger this event, e.g., memory pins contact problems or incongruent firmware versions, etc.
Message What Happens? Controller BBU Thermal Shutdown/Enter Sleep-Mode! The following conditions will cause the charger circuits to enter a low-power and self-protection state: 1. The temperature sensor on the charger circuit reports elevated temperature reading (>= 45 degree Celsius). 2. What to Do? The BBU (battery cell pack) has been charged for over 7 hours. The BBU charger will enter a timer fault state. 1. Check proper ventilation within the subsystem.
Message What Happens? What to Do? +12V Lower Voltage Back within Acceptable Limits (_._V) +12V voltage dropped back within preset thresholds. Check proper working condition and press ESC to clear the message. Message What Happens? Memory is Now Sufficient to Fully Support Current Config. Memory of a sufficient capacity is installed and the subsystem should work properly. Check proper working condition and press ESC to clear the message.
Message What Happens? What to Do? Event Messages Force Controller Write-Through on Trigger Cause Preset conditions, e.g., elevated temperature or component failure, has forced the subsystem to adopt a more conservative operating mode by disabling the Write-Back caching. Check proper working condition and correct system faults. Press ESC to clear the message.
This page is intentionally left blank C-38 Infortrend
Event Messages.............................................................................................................................. 1 C.1 Logical Drive Events .................................................................................................. 2 C.1.1 Critical:.............................................................................................................. 2 C.1.2 Notification: ...............................................................................................
