Instructions

ManualsBrandsConrad Components ManualsAdvent CalendarsAdvent calendar Conrad Components Raspberry Pi 2015

1. Day

Prepare the Raspberry Pi

To take the Raspberry Pi into operation, you need:

• USB keyboard and mouse

• HDMI-cable for the screen

• Network cable

• MicroSD-card with operating system

• Micro-USB mobile phone charger as a mains unit

Connect the mains unit last; the Raspberry Pi will switch on automatically. There is no dedicated on/off switch.

Brief notes on operating system installation

For all whose Raspberry Pis are not ready for operation yet with the current Raspbian version, find the system installation in 10 steps below:

1 Download NOOBS to the PC: www.raspberrypi.org/downloads and unpack the ZIP archive

onto your hard disc.

2 If the SD card has already been used, reformat it on the computer with SD-Formatter:

www.sdcard.org/downloads/formatter_4. Switch on Format Size Adjustment.

3 Copy the files and subdirectories onto the SD card.

4 Remove the SD card from the PC, insert it into the Raspberry Pi and boot it up. At the bot-

tom, select English as the installation language. The English keyboard is now selected auto-

matically.

5 Check the preselected Raspbian operating system.

6 After confirming a safety prompt that the memory card will be overwritten, installation will

start. This will take a few minutes.

7 After completed installation, the Raspberry Pi will reboot and automatically start the configu-

ration tool raspi-config.

8 Under 3 Enable Boot to Desktop/Scratch, choose the option Desktop Log in as user ‚pi‘ at the graphical desktop .

9 Under 4 Internationalisation Options, choose the option Change Timezone and set the time zone to Europa/Berlin.

10 Select <Finish> and reboot the Raspberry Pi.

The LED lights up

You do not need a program for the first experiment. The Raspberry Pi is only used to supply the LED with power. The experiment shows how

LEDs are connected.

Components: 1 x plug board, 1 x LED red, 1 x 220-Ohm resistor, 2 x connection cables

2. Day

ScratchGPIO is an additional module for the particularly easy to learn programming language Scratch, which permits controlling the GPIO inter-

face of the Raspberry Pi with Scratch.

Install ScratchGPIO

Scratch is already included in Raspbian; the additional module ScratchGPIO is installed subsequently with an LXTerminal window.

1 Start LXTerminal via the icon in the task bar

 wgethttp://bit.ly/1wxrqdp‐Oisgh7.sh

sudobashisgh7.sh

Summary of content (21 pages)

PAGE 1
. Day Prepare the Raspberry Pi To take the Raspberry Pi into operation, you need: • • • • • USB keyboard and mouse HDMI-cable for the screen Network cable MicroSD-card with operating system Micro-USB mobile phone charger as a mains unit Connect the mains unit last; the Raspberry Pi will switch on automatically. There is no dedicated on/off switch.
PAGE 2
4 Two new icons will appear on the Raspbian desktop. 5 For most experiments, choose ScratchGPIO 7. The version ScratchGPIO 7plus is needed for different additional PCBs. The pin assignment in ScratchGPIO A GPIO-pin can be used as input or output. ScratchGPIO designates the GPIO-pins differently from any other programme and programming language on the Raspberry Pi.
PAGE 3
This Scratch program 02blink makes the LEDs flash alternatingly The program starts when the user clicks the green vane at the upper right of the Scratch window. A repeated continuous-loop ensures that the LEDs flash endlessly until the user clicks the red stop icon on the upper right in Scratch. The GPIO commands are output via the Scratch block send...to all.
PAGE 4
The program 03ampel controls the traffic light 4. Day RGB-LEDs A normal LED is always lit in only one colour. The colour of the LEDs in the Advent calendar are evident even with the LED off. There also are LEDs that appear transparent and that will only show their colour when current is flowing. RGB-LEDs can be lit in different colours. Generally, three LEDs with different colours are installed in a transparent housing here.
PAGE 5
hardly foreseeable anymore from the xth decimal digit onwards. They change irregularly if the divisor is regularly increased as well. This result appears random, but can be reproduced by an identical program or by calling the program again at any time.
PAGE 6
. Day Controlling the LED with a sensor contact Not only traffic lights, but also door openers, light switches and automatons are often controlled by sensor contacts that only need to be touched nowadays. Buttons that actually need to be pushed are growing increasingly rare. The experiment of the 6th day controls an LED via a simple sensor contact.
PAGE 7
The alligator clamp cable is connected to the lower wire bridge. The ground contact at the upper wire bridge is only necessary if earthing is insufficient. The program The program is similar to yesterday's. When the sensor at the GPIO-pin 22 supplies the value 0, i.e. is connected to the ground, the green LED connected to the GPIO-pin 18 is switched on and the red LED connected to the GPIO-pin 12 off. Otherwise, the red LED is switched on and the green one off. 8.
PAGE 8
The game 09pong and the Scratch scripts for the ball In this game, you try to beat a ball that is flying through the room back with a paddle. When the ball touches the coloured line, a point will be deducted from the payer, and the ball will restart in the middle. The paddle is moved up and down with two sensor contacts. The LEDs signal contact of the sensors.
PAGE 9
This script controls the paddle. The two sensors are queried at the GPIO-pins 24 and 26 in an endless loop. When a sensor is touched, the associated LED is switched on for 0.1 seconds. The movement of the paddle by 20 coordinate units up or down is much more important than the brief lighting up of the LED. When the paddle has reached the upper edge, it should not move any further. For this, we use an if-query to check whether the y-position exceeds 200. If this is the case, the y-position is set to 200.
PAGE 10
The program 10blinklicht controls a flashing light with a putty sensor When starting the program by clicking the green vane, the variable z, which controls the flashing speed, is set to 0.1. An endless loop queries the sensor at the GPIO-pin 24. When this is touched, the LED will be lit for the time specified in variable z and will then be switched off again for the same period. If the putty sensor is touched for longer than this, a flashing effect will appear.
PAGE 11
The program 11fussgaengerblau controls a pedestrian light with a flash 12. Day Pedestrian traffic light with red/green traffic light The experiment of the 12th day is another version of the pedestrian traffic light, but the RGB-LED now shows red or green to the pedestrians.
PAGE 12
The program 12fussgaengerrot controls a pedestrian traffic light with RGB-LED 13. Day RGB flash effects The experiment of the 13th day makes two RGB LEDs flash alternatingly. The colours can be switched on interactively on the screen. Components: 1 x plug board, 2 x RGB LED, 6 x 220-Ohm resistor, 1 x wire bridge (connection wide), 7 x connection cables The program The program shows another method for setting output pins in ScratchGPIO. It uses three variables, one per colour.
PAGE 13
The program 13rgb2 makes two RGB-LEDs flash alternatingly. 14. Day Crab crawling The experiment of the 14th day is a quick game on the screen that is placed with a small game pad with two buttons. In this game, a crab runs on a round course and should veer off of the path as little as possible. The crab crawls forward on its own. You can use the buttons to turn the crab to chance the direction in which it crawls.
PAGE 14
Components: 1 x plug board, 1 x LED red, 1 x LED yellow, 1 x LED green, 1 x LED blue, 3 x RGB-LED, 7 x 220-Ohm resistor, 3 x wire bridge (connection wire), 8 x connection cables The program In an endless loop, the LEDs are switched on briefly in sequence. The time is saved in the variable z that can be set interactively via a controller on the screen. The program 15lauflicht makes seven LEDs flash alternatingly as a running light 16.
PAGE 15
The program The program is based on an earlier program where the RGB values were saved in variables and written into the variables associated with the GPIO pins via set...to-blocks. The program 16rgb2‐sensor makes an RGB-LED flash. A second script block that is also started when clicking the green vane will query the three putty sensors and set the variables r, g and b accordingly. The second script block queries the sensors. 17. Day Car race Two buttons are used to control a car in a simple race.
PAGE 16
The program Every time the car reaches the upper stage edge, a new route image will appear and the car will start at the lower stage edge again. The car is controlled via two script blocks. The first block is made up of two nested endless loops. The outer loop places the car at the lower stage edge, waits until it has reached the top and then sends a message background, to which the background reacts and changes.
PAGE 17
Components: 1 x plug board, 4 x 20 MOhm resistor, 5 x wire bridges (sensor contact), 6 x connection cables, 4 x alligator clamp cable, 4 x putty contact The program The script for the ball makes it bounce off of the edges as in the pong game. If one of the two paddles is touched, the flight direction is changed a little at random. Two variables save the points of the players. Each player is awarded a point when the ball touches the opponent's base line.
PAGE 18
The program 20wuerfel controls the LED dice 21. Day RGB light control panel The experiment of the 21st day offers various light effects with three RGB-LEDs. The colours and effects can be switched on interactively on the screen. Components: 1 x plug board, 3 x RGB LED, 9 x 220-Ohm resistor, 2 x wire bridge (connection wide), 10 x connection cables The program The program uses five variables that can be set via controllers on the stage.
PAGE 19
The program 21rgb3 controls the light effect at the three RGB-LEDs 22. Day Today, the advent calendar offers the manual on the Conrad experimenting package »Raspberry Pi – verstehen und anwenden« for download as an E-Book. This book contains various further experiments with the Raspberry Pi that are implemented with the pre-installed programming language Python. Many of the components used are already included in the Advent calendar; others are found in electronic crafts boxes or can be purchased at www.
PAGE 20
The program The program consists of two blocks. After clicking the green vane, an endless loop in the main program will wait for a button to be pushed. Then the message roll is sent five times, each time calling the program block to display a random rolling result. The time intervals between the rolled indications grow in length. This is what real dice look like when they come to a halt slowly. 23.
PAGE 21
24. Day Christmas tree decoration The experiment of the 24th day is a flashing Christmas tree decoration. Components: 1 x plug board, 1 x LED red, 2 x LED yellow, 1 x LED green, 1 x LED blue, 1 x RGB-LED, 1 x flashing LED, 9 x 220-Ohm resistor, 1 x wire bridge (connection wire), 10 x connection cables The program The five LEDs and the RGB-LED flash entirely at random program-controlledly. The flashing LED from today's door of the Advent calendar will even flash without a program running.