Cooper Bussmann Read and Retain for Future Reference 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Version 2.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual ATTENTION! Incorrect termination of supply wires may cause internal damage and will void warranty. To ensure your 945U-E enjoys a long life, double check ALL your connections with the user manual before turning the power on. CAUTION To comply with FCC RF Exposure requirements in section 1.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Safety Exposure to RF energy is an important safety consideration. The FCC has adopted a safety standard for human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy emitted by FCC regulated equipment as a result of its actions in Docket 93-62 and OET Bulletin 65 Edition 97-01. UL Notice 1.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual connected to a suitable ground/earth and the aerial, aerial cable, serial cables and the module should be installed as recommended in the Installation Guide. 4. To avoid accidents during maintenance or adjustment of remotely controlled equipment, all equipment should be first disconnected from the 945U-E module during these adjustments. Equipment should carry clear markings to indicate remote or automatic operation.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual CONTENTS Chapter 1 - INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.0 Network Topology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Access Point vs. Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Bridge vs. Router. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.1 Getting Started Quickly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Chapter 2 - INSTALLATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.0 General. .
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual 4.2 Channel Survey (Utilization). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Channel Utilization on a Live System . . . . . . . . . . 76 Channel Utilization for Channel Selection or RF Path Testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Diagnosing Low Throughput. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Solutions for High Channel Utilization. . . . . . . . . . 76 4.3 Custom Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 4.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Chapter 1 - INTRODUCTION The 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server is an industrial 802.11-compliant module that provides wireless connections between Ethernet devices and/or Ethernet wired networks (LANs) and complies with relevant IEEE 802.11 standards. 945U-E 802.11 630mW max power 945U-E-H 802.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Access Point vs. Client The Access Point unit acts as the wireless master unit. The Access Point accepts and authorizes links initiated by client units, and controls the wireless communications. Clients (Stations) are slave units and when connected to the Access Point become transparent Ethernet links. Figure 2 shows a connection between two Ethernet devices using 945U-E Ethernet modems.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual An Access Point could be used as a repeater unit to connect two 945U-E Clients that do not have direct reliable radio paths. There is no special repeater module—any 945U-E can be a repeater and at the same time can be connected to an Ethernet devices or on a LAN. Figure 5 Multiple Clients Multiple Access Points can be set up in a mesh network to provide multiple repeaters. Figure 6 Multiple Access Points Bridge vs.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 7 Bridge A Router connects devices on different LANs. The IP addresses for the Ethernet and wireless sides are different. In the example in Figure 8, the wireless link is part of LAN A with the Client unit acting as a Router between LAN A and LAN B. Alternatively, the Access Point could be configured as a Router. The wireless link is then part of LAN B.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Chapter 2 - INSTALLATION 2.0 General The 945U-E modules are housed in a rugged aluminum case suitable for DIN-rail mounting. Terminals will accept wires up to 2.5 mm2 (12 gauge) in size. All connections to the module must be SELV (Safety Extra Low Voltage). Normal 110-250V mains supply must not be connected to any terminal of the 945U-E module. Refer to “2.2 Power Supply.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual time delays. Using more than one antenna the radio is able to choose the best signal thus providing a more robust radio link. The second reason to use antennas diversity is to increase the received radio signal into the receiver. All countries have radio licensing regulations that can often limit on the amount of transmitted power and radiated power from the antenna.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Line-of-sight Installations In longer line-of-sight installations, the range may be increased by using a high gain antenna on the TX / RX connector. However, the gain should not cause the effective radiated power (ERP) to exceed the permitted value. A second higher gain antenna can be connected to the RX connector without affecting ERP.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 9 Vulcanizing Tape Dipole and Collinear Antennas A dipole or collinear antenna transmits the same amount of radio power in all directions—as such they are easy to install and use. The dipole antenna with integral 15 ft (5 m) cable does not require any additional coaxial cable. However, a cable must be used with the collinear antennas.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual A directional antenna provides high gain in the forward direction, but lower gain in other directions. This type of antenna may be used to compensate for coaxial cable loss for installations with marginal radio path. Yagi antennas should be installed with the main beam horizontal, pointing in the forward direction. If the Yagi is transmitting to a vertically mounted omni-directional antenna, the Yagi elements should be vertical.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual The power requirements of the 945U-E unit are shown in the following table. 12Vdc 24Vdc Quiescent 300 mA 160 mA TX @100 mW 370 mA 190 mA TX @ 400 mW 410 mA 210 mA A ground terminal is provided on the back of the module. This terminal should be connected to the main ground point of the installation in order to provide efficient surge protection for the module (refer to the Installation diagram). 2.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Because the RS485 communication medium is shared, only one of the units on the RS485 cable may send data at a time. Therefore, communication protocols based on the RS-485 standard require some type of arbitration. RS485 is a balanced differential standard, but it is recommended that shielded twisted pair cable be used to interconnect modules to reduce potential RFI. It is important to maintain the polarity of the two RS485 wires.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 16 DIO Input The I/O channel may also be used as a discrete output. The digital outputs are transistor switched DC signals, FET output to common rated at 30 Vdc 500 mA. NOTE The output circuit is connected to the “DIO” terminal. The digital output circuit includes a LED indicator which is red when the digital output is active. Figure 17 DIO Output 18 www.cooperbussmann.com/wirelessresources Rev Version 2.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Chapter 3 - OPERATION 3.0 Startup Access Point Startup When an access point (AP) unit starts up, it will immediately begin transmitting periodic messages (beacons) on the configured channel. Beacons include information that a client may examine in order to identify if the access point is suitable for link establishment. Clients will only attempt to establish a link with an access point whose beacon indicates a matching SSID.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual LED Indication The following table details the status of the indicating LEDs on the front panel under normal operating conditions. LED Indicator Condition Meaning OK Green Normal operation. OK Flashing Red/Green Module boot sequence. Radio RX Green flash Radio receiving data (good signal strength). Radio RX Red flash Radio receiving data (low signal strength). TX/LINK Green Radio connection established.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Regions will only show the available channels for that location. Figure 18 shows the frequency ranges and channels. Figure 18 900MHz Channels Each country or region has a different frequency regulation with multiple band widths and numerous channels available. The main reason for having different channels and bandwidths is to allow multiple radios to operate in close proximity with minimal interference.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual 945U-E Radio Data Throughput 900MHz Data Rate in Mbps Signal Strength 20MHz 10MHz 5MHz 2.5MHz 1.25MHz -72 dBm 22.0 11.0 5.5 2.8 1.4 -75 dBm 20.0 10.0 5.0 2.5 1.3 -81 dBm 17.0 8.5 4.3 2.1 1.1 -84 dBm 11.0 5.5 2.8 1.4 0.7 -88 dBm 9.0 4.5 2.3 1.1 0.6 -91 dBm 6.0 3.0 1.5 0.75 0.38 -90 dBm 5.5 2.8 1.4 0.69 0.34 -91 dBm 4.5 2.3 1.1 0.56 0.28 -92 dBm 3.0 1.5 0.75 0.38 0.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual 3.2 Configuring the Unit for the First Time The 945U-E has a built-in Web server, containing webpages for analyzing and modifying the module’s configuration. The configuration can be accessed using Microsoft® Internet Explorer® version 7 or greater. This program is shipped with Microsoft Windows® or may be obtained freely via the Microsoft website.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual 6. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and click Properties. Figure 19 Local Area Connection 7. On the General tab, enter IP address 192.168.0.1, subnet mask 255.255.255.0 and click OK. Figure 20 TCP/IP Properties 8. Open Internet Explorer and ensure that settings will allow you to connect to the IP address selected. If the PC uses a proxy server, ensure that Internet Explorer will bypass the proxy server for local addresses.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 21 Main Screen 11. To resume normal configured operation when configuration is complete, switch the factory default DIP switch on the 945U-E to RUN and cycle power. NOTE Security Certificates. Configuration of the 945U-E uses an encrypted link (https). The security certificate used by the 945U-E is issued by ELPRO and matches the IP address 192.168.0.100.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 22 Dragon eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:12:AF:FF:FF:FF inet addr:192.168.0.1 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU: 1500 Metric: 1 RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:256 5. Temporarily change the IP address to an one that will enable connection to your local network.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual 3.3 Quick Start The 945U-E has a Quick Start Configuration option that covers the most important parameters needed to get an initial connection. This is the first stage of the module configuration. For most applications, no further configuration is required. For more advanced applications, additional parameters can be changed via the normal configuration pages after the Quick Start configuration has been saved.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual 3.4 Network Configuration You can view or modify Ethernet network parameters by selecting the Network menu. When prompted for the username and password, enter “user” as the username, and “user” as the password. This is the factory default setting. To change the default username and password, see “3.23 Module Information Configuration.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual • WPA/WPA2-PSK (Legacy Support) enables the modem to communicate to all WPA methods including TKIP, AES, and WPA2 AES. Generally only used if the network has older devices that does not support the higher level encryption methods. Enabling this option will lower the security level of the network down to the weakest configured encryption level (WPA TKIP). • WPA-Enterprise (802.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Device Mode Used to select Bridge or Router mode. By default, this is set to Bridge. If VLAN is enabled the Device Mode will indicate “VLAN” and the IP Address and Netmask will only be editable from the VLAN page. Bridge STP Selecting this checkbox enables Spanning Tree Protocol in bridged networks. See “3.5 Spanning Tree Algorithm” for details.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 25 Spanning Tree Protocol The STP implemented is IEEE 802.1d compatible. The algorithm forms a loop-free network by blocking traffic between redundant links in the network. These blocked links are placed in a standby condition and may be automatically enabled to repair the network if another link is lost. The spanning tree algorithm maintains a single path between all nodes in a network by forming a tree-like structure.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual WEP (64 bit) and (128 bit) Encryption Keys 1 to 4 These are the keys used to encrypt radio data to protect data from unwanted eavesdroppers when WEP Encryption is selected. These keys should be the same for all 945U-E units in the same system. WEP keys must be entered as pairs of hexadecimal digits separated by colons. Hexadecimal digits are in the range 0...9 and A...F.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual For optimal security consider using a passphrase consisting of a combination of letters and numbers (not just a simple word or phrase), as well as upper and lowercase. For example, “WiReLeSs TeChNoLoGy 2010.” Figure 28 WPA WPA Enterprise - Authenticator (AP) Configuration Figure 29 WPA Enterprise Authenticator RADIUS Server IP Address/Port/shared secret Connection information for the RADIUS authentication server.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual WPA Enterprise - Supplicant (Client) Configuration Figure 30 WPA Enterprise Supplicant Username / Password User credentials that match a valid user on the RADIUS server. Enable Debug Disabled for normal operation. Enables debug mode for use during commissioning. To be used only if requested by ELPRO technical support. Trusted CA certificate upload Upload the certificate of the issuer of the RADIUS server’s certificate.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Router Operation (Routed Network) A router joins separate IP sub-networks together. The router has different IP addresses on its wired and wireless ports, reflecting the different IP addresses of the separate Ethernet networks. All of the devices in these separate networks identify the router by IP address as their gateway to the other network.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Radio Mode The 945U-E only supports the 802.11 standard. Transmit Power Level This allows adjustment of the radio power. Do not set the radio power above the allowed setting for your country You can reduce the power for short range applications, or to allow the use of high gain transmitter antennas while still complying with the emission requirements of your country. See “Appendix C POWER CONVERSION” for dBm to mW conversion.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 32 US/Canadian Channels Australia Figure 33 Australian Channels 3.9 Advanced Radio Configuration Some of the more advanced radio settings have been moved from the normal Radio configuration page to the Advanced Radio Settings page to simplify the configuration process. Care should be taken when making changes to parameters on this page. Figure 34 Advanced Radio Settings Rev Version 2.14 www.cooperbussmann.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual TX Antenna Select which antenna port the module will transmit from: Main Port Only—Messages are transmitted from the main TX/RX port. The auxiliary port RX is disabled. Both (Diversity)—Both ports will be used to transmit, but not at the same time. It calculates the best port based on previous transmissions and MAC addressing.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual For example, if the interfering noise levels are around -80 dB you can raise the noise floor to -70 dB to block out any signals below, making sure that the RSSI levels of any connected modules are not below this noise floor as they will not communicate. The Connectivity page can be used to determine if other systems are in the area and their RSSI levels.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual button. 14. On Properties, click Advanced. 15. On the Advanced TCP/IP Settings General tab, clear the field in the PPP link “Use IP header compression.” Configuration is now complete. 16. Click the newly created link to establish a connection to 945U-E. 17. Ensure that the username and the password are entered exactly as configured in 945U-E. When booted in SETUP mode, the PPP server has the username “user” and password “user.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 35 Gateway Topology Examples There are software packages available (such as SerialIP Redirector by Tactical Software) that can create a virtual serial port on a PC. This virtual serial port can be configured to connect to a 945U-E serial port. Standard programs can then be used to access this serial port as if it were actually connected to the PC.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual The example in Figure 36 demonstrates how a Modbus/TCP client (master) can connect to one or more Modbus RTU (serial) slaves. In this example the 945U-E access point is configured with the “RS232 Modbus/TCP to RTU Gateway” enabled. Once enabled, the gateway converts the Modbus/TCP queries received from the master into Modbus RTU queries and forwards these over the RS232 port to the slave.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Remote Device Port Client only. Enter the TCP port number of the remote server (the remote port to automatically connect to). Remote Device IP Address Client only. Enter the IP address of the remote server. Serial Gateway Mode Multicast—Allows point-to-multi-point serial transfer. All members of the group will receive serial transmissions made by any other member of the multicast group.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual 3.12 Multicast Pipe Manager Previously, it has been difficult to connect a single TCP device (such as a SCADA or DCS system) to multiple remote multicast serial devices. Multicast pipe allows this type of connection. An example would be a SCADA system that needs to communicate with multiple remote serial devices. A modem can be placed at each remote location and connected serially to each device.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual unit (that is, there is no wireless link), you can configure the digital output to turn On (set) or Off (drop). Figure 39 Digital I/O 3.14 Modbus I/O Transfer The 945U-E provides Modbus TCP client and Modbus TCP server functionality for I/O transfer. The 5000 x 16-bit general purpose registers are provided for Modbus (including the onboard digital input/output) and are shared for both client and server.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Registers Purpose 4376 TCP-RTU Modbus server connection status inverted. 4377 Multicast pipe connection status inverted. 4378–4999 Reserved for future use. Modbus TCP client (master) enables the 945U-E to connect to one or more Modbus TCP servers (slaves). All Modbus master messages are directed to/from the onboard I/O registers, depending on configuration (described below).
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 41 Modbus An example of the Modbus functionality of the 945U-E is illustrated below. In this example, the status of the onboard digital input at C will be reflected at the onboard digital output at B. Also, 8 single-bit registers from Modbus serial device D will be transferred to A. Figure 42 Modbus Mappings Unit B is configured with Modbus TCP server enabled and device ID = 1. Unit C is configured as shown above.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual The second mapping reads 8 registers from serial unit D into onboard registers in unit B. Note that in this case the specified Device ID 6 is the Modbus address of the serial device D, while the Server IP Address 192.168.0.200 is the IP address of unit C since the Modbus TCP to RTU gateway at unit C converts the Modbus TCP message to Modbus RTU and routes it out the serial port to unit D.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Response Timeout Enter the timeout (in milliseconds) to wait for a response to the specified transaction. Comm Fail Register Enter the onboard I/O register number to store the communication status of the specified transaction. The specified register will be set to 0 if communications is successful, 0xFFFF if there is no connection to the specified server, or 0xFFxx where “xx” is the Modbus exception code 3.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Channel Width The channel width setting will apply only when there are no entries in the scan list. This allows you to select channel width bands for the background scan. If 5 MHz is selected, only 5-MHz channels will be scanned during the background scan. Default is Auto, which means all channels will be scanned. Save Changes Saves changes to non-volatile memory. Changes will not take effect until module is reset.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 45 WDS Repeaters A WDS bridge interface allows traffic to be bridged to another access point on the same IP network. WDS bridge interfaces do not require additional IP address configuration because they are bridged with the standard wireless interface that is used for connections to associated clients. All of the WDS interfaces on the one access point may be bridged, if required.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual WDS connections are made by adding one or more virtual modules to an access point (see Figure 45). Each virtual module can be configured with one of the standard Wi-Fi operating modes (Access Point or Station) or a nonstandard Point-to-Point mode. • Access point and station virtual modules allow for the possibility of dynamically created connections (based on SSID) and support WPA encryption.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Example 1: Extending Range Using WDS Figure 46 Extending Range One of the most common uses for WDS is to extend the range of the wireless network using repeaters. Figure 46 illustrates a simple example where the four access points are all at fixed locations (each of the access points could, have one or more client/stations connected).
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Example 2: Roaming with WDS Access Points Figure 48 WDS Roaming Another common use for WDS is extending the range across a large wireless network by allowing roaming connections between access points or being able to switch to the next access point when out of range of the previous access point.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 50 WDS Redundancy Sites A, B, C, and D can all exchange data with each other (as can all of their stations) as if they were all on the same wired segment. Notice that there are redundant paths, and therefore the possibility for loops to occur.The bridge Spanning Tree Protocol should therefore be enabled, and depending on the size of the mesh, a bridge priority should possibly be configured.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual examples. One reason why the encryption level and key would be different is that the access point may have clients that communicate using a different encryption method (for example, 128-bit WEP) and may not support the same encryption method. Example 4: WDS Routed Network An example of using WDS router interfaces to achieve a similar physical topology to the WDS bridge example discussed earlier is shown in Figure 53.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual inherited from the main page. Therefore, if the encryption method/key are left blank the WDS link will be open. This example shows the encryption method and keys as being different, but they can be the same or take on the same method and key as the main wireless interface. • The second entry configures another virtual WDS client connection but this time to the access point of Site C.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual specified destination will be forwarded to. It is assumed that the next-hop router (or gateway) will then deliver the data to the required destination (or forward it on to another router that will). Figure 57 Routing Figure 57 illustrates a situation where routing rules may need to be configured.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 58 Routing Rules Name A name to describe the routing rule (maximum 32 characters). Destination The destination network (or host) IP address. To specify a network address, set the host address to 0. For example, an IP address 192.168.0.0 with netmask 255.255.255.0 would specify a destination network, while 192.168.0.16 specifies a destination host. Subnet Mask The subnet mask for the destination network.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual The filter operates on the following rules: • The MAC address filter is always checked before the IP address filter. • If a message matches a MAC filter entry, it will not be subsequently processed by the IP filter. If the MAC filter list is a whitelist, the message will be accepted. If the MAC filter list is a blacklist, the message will be dropped. • The MAC address list checks the source address of the message only.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Select “Blacklist” or “Whitelist” Blacklist will prevent all listed devices from accessing the module and using the radio link. Whitelist will allow devices with the MAC addresses listed to communicate with the module and utilize the radio link. All other devices are blocked. Add Entry Add a row to the table of Mac address filter rules. Delete Entry Delete the currently selected MAC address filter rule.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual ARP Filter Configuration Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a broadcast message and is primarily used for finding a MAC address when only its IP or some other Network Layer address is known. On large networks, you tend to get a high proportion of broadcast messages.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual For the DNS server configuration to be effective, each DNS client must be configured with the address of this DNS server, as either the primary or secondary DNS (secondary DNS is only used if there is no response from the primary DNS). Normally this is done by setting the primary DNS field of the DHCP server configuration to the wireless IP address.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Operation VLAN Pass-through is enabled by default in the modem. No VLAN configuration is needed, and modem will pass any VLAN tagged frames. To initiate VLAN bridge or router operation, VLAN Aware mode must be enabled on the VLAN page. Figure 61 VLAN Pass Through When VLAN is enabled a default “Management VLAN Group” is created, bridging the Ethernet and wireless interfaces and configuring both with untagged frames.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual NOTE Leaving the default Management VLAN is advised, as it will ensure that the module is accessible through any interface. VLAN Group Enabling VLAN on the module will require one or more configurable VLAN groups. A maximum of up to 10 VLAN groups can be supported. Each VLAN group will contain the following configurable parameters and associated functionality.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Examples Example 1: Basic VLAN A common use for VLAN functionality in a module is to tag data from a VLAN-unaware device and send this to a VLAN trunk. A simple example of this involves bridging between Ethernet and wireless ports for just one VLAN. In the example illustrated below, the Ethernet interface is tagged and the wireless interface is untagged.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Example 2: Multiple Wireless Interfaces Another very desirable VLAN configuration for a wireless device is to support multiple virtual wireless networks. For example, consider a corporate facility where separate networks may be provided for a) permanent staff, b) guests, and c) production network. Each of the three virtual networks can be setup using different encryption keys to enhance security. The setup is illustrated below.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 66 Example 2 Configuration The other VLAN groups each have an Ethernet and a wireless interface configured. All Ethernet interfaces are tagged because they are all connected to a VLAN network. Each wireless interface is configured as untagged to allow connection from untagged devices.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 67 VLAN Encryption VLAN groups 3 and 4 are similarly bridging their wireless interfaces, but they are using virtual modules that are configured on the Repeaters page. WDS repeater #1 and WDS repeater #2 are being bridged to “VLAN ID 20” and “VLAN ID 30” respectively. Configuration for these wireless bridges is done from the Repeaters page (see the example in Figure 68).
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Owner Owner name. Contact Owner contact information (such as phone number and email address). Description Description of the purpose of the unit. Location Location description for the 945U-E. 3.24 Configuration Examples Setting a 945U-E to Factory Default Settings 1. Access configuration webpages on the 945U-E. For details, see “3.2 Configuring the Unit for the First Time.” 2. Click the System Tools menu item. 3.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual 10. Select Device Mode as “Bridge.” 11. Change the Gateway IP Address to 192.168.0.1. 12. Change the Ethernet and Wireless IP Addresses to 192.168.0.200. 13. Change Ethernet and Wireless Subnet Masks to 255.255.255.0. 14. Enter a System Address (ESSID) string. 15. Select the radio encryption required. 16. Set DIP switch to RUN. 17. Save the changes. The unit will restart with new settings. Client 1 Configuration 1.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual LAN B Configuration All devices on LAN B should be configured so their gateway IP address is that of the 945U-E access point as 169.254.102.54 Access Point Configuration 1. Connect a straight-through Ethernet cable between the PC and the 945U-E. 2. Ensure that the configuration PC and 945U-E are setup to communicate on the same network. 3. Set the DIP switch to SETUP. 4. Power up the unit, and wait for the LINK LED to cease flashing.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Extending Network Range with a Repeater Hop Configure units as described in “Extending a Wired Network.” Place the access point at the remote intermediate repeater location. Additional repeaters can be added using wireless distribution system (WDS). Refer to “3.16 Repeaters (WDS)” for details. Figure 71 Example of Repeaters Rev Version 2.14 www.cooperbussmann.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Chapter 4 - DIAGNOSTICS 4.0 Diagnostics Chart LED Indicator Condition Meaning OK Green Normal operation. OK Red continuously Supply voltage too low or internal module fault. OK Red at Power On Boot loader delay at startup. OK Fast flash Red / Green Module boot sequence. OK Slow flash Red / Green Module boot sequence. Radio RX Green flash Radio receiving data.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 72 Connected Devices Connectivity Parameters AID Association ID. Every client receives a unique temporary ID from the access point. CHAN The radio channel being used. RATE Radio data rate. RSSI Radio signal strength index (amount of received signal strength). BGND Background interference level, in dBms. The amount of internal noise the radio is able to hear.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual the last 60 seconds, every minute for the last 60 minutes, and every hour for the last 60 hours. The ELPRO 802.11 Ethernet modem utilizes a half-duplex radio channel for communications. At any given time, an access point and its associated clients occupy a radio channel. These radio channels or frequencies are license free, and may contain interference from any number of other radio transmitters.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 74 Channel Utilization Figure 75 shows the radio receive noise floor for the last 60 seconds. Figure 75 RX Noise Floor Figure 76 shows the average channel utilization for each minute up to one hour. It will also give a running average for the total number of minutes up to 59 minutes. Figure 76 Channel Utilization Minutes Figure 77 shows the running radio receive noise floor average for each minute up to 59 minutes.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 77 RX Noise Floor Minutes The Channel Survey page also shows two other screens not shown here that indicate the percent channel utilization and noise floor in one-hour intervals. The screens will only show the last 24-hour period. 4.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Example 2 In Figure 79, notice that chart one shows the amount of data being received from Wi-Fi devices, and chart two shows the amount of other noise that is being received. From this you can see that in the last 60-second period there was a 20-second interval with around 60-80% channel utilization, in this case from another 900-MHz device.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Internal Throughput Test Before testing, ensure that the end node of the Wi-Fi link that you wish to test has the Iperf server enabled under the Advanced Radio Settings page and Saved to Flash, and the module has been reset. See “3.9 Advanced Radio Configuration.” NOTE TCP Throughput test must be run using Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 or later. Figure 81 Throughput Test Configuration To run an internal throughput test: 1.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 83 Iperf The specified IP address must be running Iperf in Server mode (if the remote modem does not have the Iperf server running, you will get the Error message “Iperf error, check connectivity to server.” Ensure that it has been enabled and reset the module. Each time you click Measure Throughput, a 10-second TCP throughput test is performed.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Distance Iperf Setting Location 20 MHz Channel 0 MHz Channel 15 MHz Channel 1.25 MHz Channel 2.5 MHz Channel 1000 m Internal 10.5 Mbps 7.5 Mbps 5. Mbps 2.4 Mbps 1.4 Mbps 1000 m External 16. Mbps 10.5 Mbps 6. Mbps 2.8 Mbps 1.5 Mbps 3000 m Internal 10. Mbps 7. Mbps 4.7 Mbps 2.4 Mbps 1.4 Mbps 3000 m External 15. Mbps 9. Mbps 6. Mbps 2.7 Mbps 1.5 Mbps 5000 m Internal 9. Mbps 6. Mbps 4.5 Mbps 2.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Access Point Beacon Miss Count Number of beacons unable to be sent (100-msec intervals) due to interference or CCA. Beacon Missed Reset Count After 15 consecutive beacon misses (1.5 seconds), this count will increment by 1. This will indicate high interference as the access point is holding off sending beacon and utilization will increase. TX Queue stopped because full Message buffer (Ethernet Frames) in radio queue.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Firmware Upgrade This option is used for firmware upgrades. Load the file using the Browse button. When the file is found, click Send to load the file into the module. When completed, click Reset. Firmware upgrade can be executed locally, or remotely via the radio. System Log File Shows an event log of the modules operation. Used for diagnosing problems. The page can be saved and emailed to ELPRO if requested.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 86 Radio Path Tests NOTE The Radio Path Test feature should not be enabled on a live system. It is intended for testing only. Radio path settings are as follows. Enable Radio Path Test Enables or disables the radio path test. RSSI Strong Threshold Strong RSSI indication threshold. RSSI Weak Threshold Weak RSSI indication threshold.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Throughput Low Threshold, the RS485 LED will be off. Radio path test can be accesses by selecting the link from the System Tools page and then ticking the “Enable Radio Path Test” and entering in appropriate thresholds levels to indicate RSSI and throughput and the IP address of the Iperf server (normally the access point). Figure 87 shows the indications you will see using the configuration above.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Figure 88 Remote Configuration 4.9 Internal Diagnostic Modbus Registers There are a number of internal diagnostic registers that can be accessed via Modbus TCP/RTU that will help with analyzing and diagnosing the radio network. To access these registers, the Modbus server will need to be enabled and a Modbus server address will need to be configured. For details, see “3.14 Modbus I/O Transfer.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Register Module Description 5030-5036 As per 5010-5016 As per registers 5010-5016, but for the next wireless adapter (wi2). 5040-5046 As per 5010-5016 As per registers 5010-5016, but for the next wireless adapter (wi3). .....etc As per 5010-5016 As per registers 5010-5016, but for the next wireless adapter (wi10). 5200 AP Only RSSI of the client (STA). 5201 AP Only Transmit data rate to client (STA).
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual packet to a designated address and waiting for a response. The basic operation of ping can be performed by following these steps in any Windows operating system. 1. Click the Start Menu and choose Run. 2. Type “cmd” and press Enter. You should see the Command Prompt screen appear. There will be a certain directory specified (unique to your own PC) with a flashing cursor at the end. 3.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual ipconfig The “ipconfig” command can be used to show your current TCP/IP information, including your address, DNS server addresses, adapter type and so on. Figure 91 Ipconfig In the example above, ipconfig was entered in the command prompt. The reply shows the PC’s IP address, subnet mask, and the gateway it is connected to. Other ipconfig commands will return more information.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual • route PRINT will show all active routes on PC. • route ADD will add a routing table to network. • route DELETE will delete the unwanted routing table. • route CHANGE modifies an existing route. Figure 93 Route The following is an example of a routing table for the configuration. Network A Settings Client Bridge Settings IP Address 192.168.0.17 Gateway IP 192.168.2.51 Subnet Mask 255.255.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Chapter 5 - SPECIFICATIONS Transmitter/Receiver Frequency 902 – 928 MHz (1) 915 – 928 MHz (2) Transmit Power 250 mW (+24 dBm) to 630 mW (+28 dBm) (data rate and country specific) Transmission Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (900 MHz DSSS) Modulation Orthogonal Frequency Data Modulation (OFDM) Receiver Sensitivity -95 dBm @ 0.25 Mbps - 71 dBm @ 54 Mbps (8% FER) Channel Spacing 9 x 1.25 MHz; 9 x 2.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual LED Indication/Diagnostics LED Indication Power/OK; RX; TX/Link; RS232; LAN; RS485; Digital I/O status. Please refer to product manual for further information.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Appendix A - FIRMWARE UPGRADES Determine which firmware version is present in the module to be upgraded by viewing the index webpage of the module. Firmware versions 1.0.3 and later may be upgraded via the Configuration webpages. This upgrade can be performed locally with a PC connected directly to the module, or remotely over a working radio link.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Appendix B - GLOSSARY Term Definition ACK Acknowledgment. Access Point An access point connects wireless network stations (or clients) to other stations within the wireless network and also can serve as the point of interconnection between the wireless network and a wired network. Each access point can serve multiple users within a defined network area. Also known as a base station.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Term Definition Dial-up A communication connection via the standard telephone network, or plain old telephone service (POTS). DNS Domain name service (DNS) is a program that translates URLs to IP addresses by accessing a database maintained on a collection of Internet servers. The program works behind the scenes to facilitate surfing the Web with alpha versus numeric addresses. A DNS server converts a name like mywebsite.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Term Definition IPX-SPX Internetwork Packet Exchange, is a networking protocol used by the Novell NetWare® operating systems. Like UDP/IP, IPX is a datagram protocol used for connectionless communications. Higher-level protocols, such as Sequenced Packet Exchange (SPX) and NCP, are used for additional error recovery services. SPX is a transport layer protocol (layer 4 of the OSI Model) used in Novell Netware networks.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Term Definition Server A computer that provides its resources to other computers and devices on a network. These include print servers, Internet servers and data servers. A server can also be combined with a hub or router. Site Survey The process whereby a wireless network installer inspects a location prior to installing a wireless network.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Term Definition Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity. An interoperability certification for wireless local area network (LAN) products based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard. Rev Version 2.14 www.cooperbussmann.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Appendix C - POWER CONVERSION Power Conversion The following table provides dBm to mW conversion. Watts dBm 10 mW 10 dB 13 mW 11 dB 16 mW 12 dB 20 mW 13 dB 25 mW 14 dB 32 mW 15 dB 40 mW 16 dB 50 mW 17 dB 63 mW 18 dB 79 mW 19 dB 100 mW 20 dB 126 mW 21 dB 158 mW 22 dB 200 mW 23 dB 316 mW 25 dB 398 mW 26 dB 500 mW 27 dB 630 mW 28 dB 800 mW 29 dB 1.0 W 30 dB 1.3 W 31 dB 1.6 W 32 dB 2.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Appendix D - IPERF THROUGHPUT TEST - EXT This appendix shows how to set up and use the Iperf application to test the throughput of Ethernet modems. Iperf is a tool used to measure the throughput and quality of a network link. Another application, called Jperf ,can also be used, which gives a graphical interface for all results. The following instructions cover Iperf and Jperf, but not the setup and configuration of the modems.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual 3. On the client PC, open up a command prompt and change the directory to jperf-2.0.2\bin as you did for the server. This time enter the iperf command to start the client communication to the server: “iperf –c -w 65535” See Figure 96. Figure 96 iperf –c Command This will run a test over the Wi-Fi Link to the server PC and report back results as seen in Figure 97.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual JPerf Application Jperf is a graphical interface that runs over the top of Iperf. It will display a graph result from the Iperf test. To run Jperf: 1. Open a command prompt and change to the jperf-2.0.2: directory and run the “Jperf” application as shown in Figure 98. The Command Prompt screen will disappear and the Jperf Screen will appear as shown in Figure 99. Figure 98 Jperf Figure 99 Jperf Screen 2.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Appendix E - GNU FREE DOC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program. You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 2.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. NO WARRANTY 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
Cooper Bussmann 945U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual Notes: 108 www.cooperbussmann.com/wirelessresources Rev Version 2.
Customer Assistance North America & Latin America Technical Support: United States:+1 866 713 4409 Australasia.: +61 7 3352 8624 Other: +1 604 944 9247 Email: ELPRO-Support@cooperindustries.com Website: www.cooperbussmann.com/wireless Australasia Fax: +61 7 33528677 US Fax: +1 925 924 8502 Online Resources Visit www.cooperbussmann.com/wirelessresources for the following resources and more: • User Manuals • Installation Guides • Configuration Software • Datasheets • Dimensional Drawings 5735 W.
