Studio Reference Series ® Studio Reference I Operation Manual ® Studio Reference II Obtaining Other Language Versions: To obtain information in another language about the use of this product, please contact your local Crown Distributor. If you need assistance locating your local distributor, please contact Crown at 574-294-8000. This manual does not include all of the details of design, production, or variations of the equipment.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers Important Safety Instructions 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15) page 2 Read these instructions. Keep these instructions. Heed all warnings. Follow all instructions. Do not use this apparatus near water. Clean only with a dry cloth. Do not block any ventilation openings. Install in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers DECLARATION of CONFORMITY Crown International, Inc. Issued By: Crown International, Inc. 1718 W. Mishawaka Road Elkhart, Indiana 46517 U.S.A. Sue Whitfield 574-294-8289 swhitfield@crownintl.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers Table of Contents page 4 Important Safety Instructions .......................................................2 4.2.4 Circuit Breaker ....................................................... 19 Declaration of Conformity ............................................................3 4.3 Filter Cleaning ................................................................ 19 1 Welcome .................................................... 5 4.4 Controls ..
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers ® 1 Welcome The stunning realism you will experience when listening to a Crown® Studio Reference™ amplifier will redefine your expectations. The evolution of this studio standard ushers in a new era of powerful, ultraquiet amplifiers capable of faithfully reproducing the most demanding of signals. This kind of sonic integrity does not happen accidentally. It demands the leadership and technical excellence for which Crown has long been known.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 1 Welcome high-frequency overloads. Full overvoltage and internal fault protection. • Indicators include Enable, ODEP, IOC, Signal Presence and the Dynamic Range/Level meter. • Balanced phone jacks and XLR connectors are provided for input. Two pair of 5-way binding posts per channel are provided for versatile output connection. • Ground lift switch isolates the AC power and phone jack audio grounds.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 2 Setup 2.1 Unpack Your Amplifier Please unpack and inspect your amplifier for any damage that may have occurred during transit. If damage is found, notify the transportation company immediately. Only you can initiate a claim for shipping damage. Crown will be happy to help as needed. Save the shipping carton as evidence of damage for the shipper’s inspection.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 2 Setup 2.4 Choose Input Wire and Connectors Crown recommends using pre-built or professionally wired, balanced line (two-conductor plus shield), 22-24 gauge cables and connectors. Use either 3-pin male XLR connectors orTRS phone plugs at the amplifier inputs. Unbalanced lines may also be used but may result in noise over long cable runs. Connector pin assignments and wiring are shown in thes Figures: Figure 2.4: Unbalanced XLR Figure 2.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 2 Setup 2.6 Wire Your System 2.6.1 Stereo Mode Typical input and output wiring is shown in Figure 2.8. CHANNEL 2 LOUDSPEAKER Turn off the amplifier and set the Stereo/Mono Switch to Stereo. CHANNEL 1 INPUTS: Connect input wiring for both channels. CHANNEL 2 NOTE: Crown provides a reference of wiring pin assignments for commonly used connector types in the Crown Amplifier Application Guide available at www.crownaudio.com.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 2 Setup 2.6.2 Bridge-Mono Mode Bridge-Mono mode is used to drive loads with a total impedance of 4 ohms or higher. Turn off the amplifier and set the Stereo/Mono Switch to Bridge Mono. – CHANNEL 1 Typical input and output wiring is shown in Figure 2.9. + MIXER LOUDSPEAKER DO NOT USE THE CHANNEL 2 INPUTS. INPUTS: Use only the Channel 1 input connector.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 2 Setup 2.6.3 Parallel-Mono Mode Parallel-Mono mode is used to drive loads with a total impedance of less than 4 ohms. MIXER THE CHANNEL 2 INPUTS ARE NOT USED Turn off the amplifier and set the Stereo/Mono Switch to Parallel-Mono. – ADD A 14 GAUGE OR LARGER JUMPER BETWEEN THE CHANNEL 1 AND 2 RED (+) BINDING POSTS CH-2 LOUDSPEAKER CH-1 FX Note: It is normal for the Channel 2 IOC indicator to stay on in Parallel-Mono mode.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 2 Setup 2.7 Connect to AC Mains Connect your amplifier to the AC mains power source (power outlet) with the supplied AC power cordset. First, connect the IEC end of the cordset to the IEC connector on the amplifier; then, plug the other end of the cordset to the AC mains. 2.8 Startup Procedure Use the following procedure when first turning on your amplifier: WARNING: The third prong of this connector (ground) is an important safety feature.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 3 Operation 3.1 Precautions Your amplifier is protected from internal and external faults, but you should still take the following precautions for optimum performance and safety: 1. Before use, your amplifier first must be configured for proper operation, including input and output wiring hookup. Improper wiring can result in serious operating difficulties.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 3 Operation A BCD DCB A E F ® G H Figure 3.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 3 Operation 3.2 Front Panel Controls and Indicators A. Level Controls Each channel’s output level can be adjusted accurately using the 31-position detented level controls on the front panel (see Section 4.4.1). B. ODEP Indicators During normal operation of the amplifier, the ODEP (Output Device Emulation Protection) indicators glow brightly to show the presence of reserve thermodynamic energy. They dim proportionally as energy reserves decrease.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 3 Operation Figure 3.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 3 Operation 3.3 Back Panel Connectors and Controls I. Reset Switch This back panel switch can be used to trip and reset the AC mains circuit breaker (see Section 4.2.4). J. Power Cord For 120 VAC, 60 Hz North American units, the Studio Reference I includes a 10 AWG power cord and NEMA TT30P plug, and the Studio Reference II includes a 12 AWG cord and NEMA 5-15P plug. Other units are shipped with an appropriate power cord and plug. K.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 4 Advanced Features and Options 4.1 Indicators The front panel has several helpful indicators. The enable indicator is provided to show the amplifier has been turned on (or enabled) and that its low-voltage power supply and on-demand forced air cooling system are working. It does not indicate the status of the high-voltage power supplies.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 4 Advanced Features and Options This level of protection enables Crown to increase output efficiency to never-before-achieved levels while greatly increasing amplifier reliability. The on-board intelligence is monitored two ways. First, the amplifier’s ODEP indicators show whether the unit is functioning correctly or if ODEP is limiting output.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 4 Advanced Features and Options 4.4 Controls 4.4.1 Level Controls Each of the front panel level controls has 31 detents for accurately repeatable settings. In Bridge-Mono and Parallel-Mono modes, the channel 2 level control should be turned down. 4.4.2 Meter Switches The meter switches are located behind the front panel.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 4 Advanced Features and Options 4.4.3 Ground Lift Switch The ground lift switch located on the back panel can provide isolation between the phone jack input grounds and the AC (chassis) ground. It does not affect the PIP module’s input connectors. Slide the switch to the left to isolate or “lift” the grounds.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 5 Principles of Operation 5.1 Overview Studio Reference amplifiers incorporate several new technological advancements including real-time computer simulation of output transistor stress, low-stress output stages, an advanced heat sink embodiment and the Programmable Input Processor (PIP) expansion system. (hereafter referred to as the output devices).
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 5 Principles of Operation Our heat sinks are fabricated from custom convoluted fin stock that provides an extremely high ratio of area to volume, or area to weight. All power devices are mounted directly to the heat sinks which are also electrically at the Vcc potential. Electrifying the heat sinks improves thermal performance by eliminating the insulating interface underneath the power devices.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 6 Troubleshooting page 24 Operation Manual
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 7 Specifications Minimum Guaranteed Power 1 kHz with 0.05% THD Stereo, 4 ohms (per ch.) Stereo, 8 ohms (per ch.) Bridge mono, 8 ohms Bridge mono, 16 ohms Parallel mono, 2 ohms Parallel mono, 4 ohms Performance Sensitivity (volts RMS) for full rated power at 8 ohms Frequency Response (at 1 watt, 20 Hz - 20 kHz) (see Figure 7.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 7 Specifications Studio Reference I Studio Reference II 10 kilohms, 5 kilohms 10 kilohms, 5 kilohms 4-8 ohms 8-16 ohms 2-4 ohms 4-8 ohms 8-16 ohms 2-4 ohms 103:1 ± 6% or 40 dB ±0.5 dB at 0.775-volt sensitivity 57:1 ± 6% or 35 dB ± 0.5 dB at 1.4-volt sensitivity 20:1 ± 6% at 26 dB gain ± 0.5 dB 69:1 ± 6% or 37 dB ± 0.5 dB at 0.775-volt sensitivity 38:1 ± 6% or 32 dB ± 0.5 dB at 1.4-volt sensitivity 20:1 ± 6% at 26 dB gain ± 0.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 7 Specifications Crown specifications are guaranteed for three years. In an effort to provide you with as much information as possible about the high power-producing capabilities of your amplifier, we have created the following power matrices. 7.1 Minimum Guaranteed Power Specifications Shown in Figures 7.1 and 7.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 7 Specifications Figure 7.1 Studio Reference I Minimum Power Matrix page 28 Figure 7.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 7 Specifications 7.2 Maximum Power Specifications Shown in Figures 7.3 and 7.4, Crown’s maximum power specifications represent the largest amount of output power you can expect from your amplifier when it is driven to full output under the given conditions. These specifications can be used to prevent loudspeaker and hearing damage. The maximum power matrices include specifications for single cycle and 40 millisecond burst sine waves.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 7 Specifications +2 +1 0 1 watt –1 8 ohm –2 dB 4 ohm –3 –4 –5 –6 –7 10 100 1K 10 K 100 K FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 7.5 Typical Frequency Response 100,000 10,000 DAMPING 1,000 8 ohm 100 10 20 Figure 7.4 Studio Reference II Maximum Power Matrix 100 1K 10 K 20 K FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 7.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 7 Specifications +135˚ 1 +90˚ 0.1 8 ohm OHMS +45˚ 0.01 0˚ 0.001 –45˚ 0.0001 20 100 1K 10 K 20 K –90˚ FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 7.7 Typical Output Impedance –135˚ 20 100 1K 10 K 20 K FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 7.8 Typical Phase Response dB 0 0 –20 –20 –40 –40 –60 dB –60 Studio Reference II –80 –80 –100 –100 Studio Reference I –120 –120 20 100 1K FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 7.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 8 AC Power Draw and Thermal Dissipation This section provides detailed information about the amount of power and current drawn from the AC mains by Studio Reference amplifiers and the amount of heat produced under various conditions. The calculations presented here are intended to provide a realistic and reliable depiction of the amplifiers.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers Studio Reference I L O A D 8 Ohm Stereo / 16 Ohm Bridge-Mono / 4 Ohm Parallel-Mono 4 Ohm Stereo / 8 Ohm Bridge-Mono / 2 Ohm Parallel-Mono Duty Cycle AC Mains Power Draw (Watts) 50% 1325 15.9 40% 1075 12.9 30% 830 20% 10% Current Draw (Amps) Thermal Dissipation 100-120 V 220-240 V btu/hr kcal/hr AC Mains Power Draw (Watts) 7.2 1,780 450 1,925 23.1 5.9 1,485 375 1,555 18.7 10.0 4.5 1,190 300 1,190 585 7.0 3.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 9 Service Crown amplifiers are quality units that rarely require servicing. Before returning your unit for servicing, please contact Crown Technical Support to verify the need for servicing. list of authorized service centers in your area can be obtained from the Crown website at www.crownaudio.com, or by calling Crown Customer Service. This unit has very sophisticated circuitry which should only be serviced by a fully trained technician.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 10 Warranty UNITED STATES & CANADA SUMMARY OF WARRANTY 3 AR YE Crown International, 1718 West Mishawaka Road, Elkhart, Indiana 46517-4095 U.S.A. warrants to you, the ORIGINAL PURCHASER and ANY SUBSEQUENT OWNER of each NEW Crown product, for a period of three (3) years from the date of purchase by the original purchaser (the “warranty period”) that the new Crown product is free of defects in materials and workmanship.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers 10 Warranty WORLDWIDE EXCEPT USA & CANADA SUMMARY OF WARRANTY 3 AR YE Crown International, 1718 West Mishawaka Road, Elkhart, Indiana 46517-4095 U.S.A.
Studio Reference I & II Professional Studio Amplifiers Crown Factory Service Information Shipping Address: Crown Factory Service, 1718 W. Mishawaka Rd.
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