User manual
Page 14 of 17 
Citizen Wildlife Monitoring Project         Last revised May 2012 
Wildlife Sign Documentation Protocol 
If you observe tracks, scat or other signs (dens, claw marks, diggings, etc...) of wildlife that are Species Priority Level 1 (and 
secondarily Level 2) on your way to the camera or at the camera site, use these procedures for documentation and/or trailing if 
you choose to and have time. 
NOTE: TRAILING SHOULD BE DONE ONLY IF YOU ARE WELL-TRAINED IN OFF-
TRAIL NAVIGATION AND WON’T GET LOST ON THE WAY BACK TO YOUR CAMERA 
CHECK/THE TRAIL 
CAUTION SHOULD BE USED IN BOTH TRAILING AND DOCUMENTING SIGNS SUCH 
AS BEAR DENS, FRESH SCAT ETC... If you feel unsafe, please skip this! 
Procedure for Tracks: How to Document (this will be difficult unless there is snow, mud or sand) 
1. Stop your companion(s) and bring tracks to their attention. Stop walking to prevent destroying tracks. 
2. Record data carefully by filling out the track information detailed here thoroughly on the 
 Target Species Data Sheet. *Make sure to record the GPS coordinates. 
3. For Level 1 species, or ambiguous tracks that may be a Level 1 animal, document tracks with 
measurements, sketches, and photographs. 
4.  Determine whether the animal is a trailing priority species (See list, Levels 1 and 2 below). If so, clearly 
mark trailable tracks if you plan to trail them on your return leg. 
5. Mark the tracks as ‘done’ so a later team will know they have been recorded by your team. Draw an 
obvious circle around one or more tracks and leave a large footprint next to them with your boot or 
snowshoes, or hang some flagging. 
Procedure for Trailing: How to Document  
Note: Trailing may be much more difficult or not possible during spring/summer months when there is no snow, but if you are 
able to trail an animal, this is the protocol to use. 
Trailing can be done for Level 1 and 2 species as you see them, before or after the camera check. 
Level 1 species should be trailed wherever possible. In the case of the top 4 species (wolverine, fisher, 
lynx, wolf), these can be trailed as you see them, as they are critical rare species. 
Level 2 species should be trailed in the absence of Level 1 species, after completing your camera check 
and where time is available. 
Level 3 species are not to be trailed until all other work is complete, as they are of low priority for this 
study. 
1. When you identify a Level 1 or Level 2 species (on the way to your camera), mark its trail for easy 
identification on your return leg with flagging if needed, and note the trail in your field notes on a list 
of trailing possibilities. Record the GPS coordinates on your data sheet. 
2. When your team completes the camera check, you should review trailing possibilities from the outward 
leg and decide which are of highest priority. Level 1 or 2 species are highest priority. Level 3 are great 
if you have time. 
3. On the return leg, follow the selected trails towards the highway (if you are on an I-90 camera or a camera 
placed close to a highway). Record all discernable behaviors on your Trailing Record Data Sheet, 










