DGS-3208F Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Second Edition (August 2000) 6DGS3208F.
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T ABLE OF C ONTENTS 0 ABOUT THIS GUIDE ......................................................................................................................................................... V TERMS......................................................................................................................................................................................... V OVERVIEW OF THIS USER’S GUIDE .............................................................................................
VLANs Over 802.1Q-compliant Switches..................................................................................................................................... 22 Port-Based VLANs ................................................................................................................................................................ 22 BROADCAST STORMS ............................................................................................................................................
7 WEB-BASED NETWORK MANAGEMENT.................................................................................................................. 71 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................................... 71 GETTING STARTED ................................................................................................................................................................
Save Settings to TFTP Server............................................................................................................................................................... 110 Save Switch History to TFTP Server.................................................................................................................................................... 111 Clear Address Table .................................................................................................................
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 0 A BOUT T HIS G UIDE This user’s guide tells you how to install your DGS-3208F stand-alone Switch, how to connect it to your Gigabit Ethernet network, and how to set its configuration using either the built-in console interface or Webbased management.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 1 1 I NTRODUCTION This section describes the features of the DGS-3208F, as well as giving some background information about Gigabit Ethernet and switching technology. Gigabit Ethernet Technology Gigabit Ethernet is an extension of IEEE 802.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide segments. This allows the total network capacity to be multiplied, while still maintaining the same network cabling and adapter cards. Switching LAN technology is a marked improvement over the previous generation of network bridges, which were characterized by higher latencies. Routers have also been used to segment local area networks, but the cost of a router and the setup and maintenance required make routers relatively impractical.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ Supports Link Aggregation Capability. Management ♦ RS-232 console port for out-of-band management via a PC. ♦ IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree Algorithm Protocol for creation of alternative backup paths and prevention of indefinite network loops. ♦ Fully configurable either in-band or out-of-band control via SNMP based software. ♦ Flash memory for software upgrade. This can be done in-band via BOOTP/TFTP. Out-of-band console can also initiate a download request.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 2 2 U NPACKING AND S ETUP This chapter provides unpacking and setup information for the Switch. Unpacking Open the shipping carton of the Switch and carefully unpack its contents.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 2-1. Gigabit Ethernet Switch installed on a Desktop or Shelf Rack Installation The DGS-3208F can be mounted in an EIA standard size, 19-inch rack, which can be placed in a wiring closet with other equipment. To install, attach the mounting brackets on the switch’s front panel (one on each side) and secure them with the screws provided. Figure 2- 2A.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide After the device is powered on, the LED indicators should respond as follows: ♦ The Power LED indicator will light while the Switch loads onboard software, and should remain on as long as the switch has power. ♦ The Console LED indicator will remain ON if there is a connection at the RS-232 port, otherwise this LED indicator is OFF. Power Failure As a precaution, the Switch should be unplugged in case of power failure. When power is resumed, plug the Switch back in.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 3 3 I DENTIFYING E XTERNAL C OMPONENTS This chapter describes the front panel, rear panel, side panels, and LED indicators of the Switch Front Panel The front panel of the Switch consists of eight 1000BASE-SX (SC-type) multimode fiber ports, an RS-232 communication port, and LED indicators. Figure 3-1.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ AC Power Connector This is a three-pronged connector that supports the power cord. Plug in the female connector of the provided power cord into this connector, and the male into a power outlet. Supported input voltages range from 100 ~ 240 VAC at 50 ~ 60 Hz. Side Panels The Switch’s side panels contain the system fans, two on the right and one on the left. The following shows the Switch’s right side panel. Figure 3-3.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ Link/ACT These LED indicators are lit when there is a secure connection (or link) to a device at any of the ports. The LED indicators blink whenever there is reception or transmission (i.e. Activity—ACT) of data occurring at a port. ♦ Full These LED indicators are illuminated when a port is operating in full-duplex mode.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 4 4 C ONNECTING T HE S WITCH This chapter describes how to connect the DGS-3208F to your Gigabit Ethernet network. PC to Switch A PC can be connected to the Switch via a fiber optic cable. The PC should be connected to any of the eight ports (1x – 8x) of the DGS-3208F. Figure 4-1. DGS-3208F Switch connected to a PC or Workstation (full-duplex mode is required) The LED indicators for PC connection are dependent on the LAN card capabilities.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 4-2. DGS-3208F Switch to switch connection.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 5 5 S WITCH MANAGEMENT C ONCEPTS Local Console Management Local console management involves the administration of the DGS-3208F Switch via a direct connection to the RS-232 DCE console port. From the Main Menu screen of the console program, an Administrator or Normal User (defined in the next chapter) has privilege and access to manage, control, and monitor the many functions of the Switch. The components of the Switch allow them to be part of a manageable network.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In addition, you can also set in the Switch an IP Address for a gateway or a router. It is useful when the management station is not located on the same network as the Switch, making it necessary for the Switch to go through a gateway or router to reach the network manager. For security, you can set in the Switch a list of IP Addresses of the network managers that you allow to manage the Switch.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide MIBs The information stored in the Switch is known as the Management Information Base (MIB). The Switch uses the standard MIB-II Management Information Base module. Consequently, MIB values inside the Switch can be retrieved from any SNMP-based network manager. In addition to the standard MIB-II, the Switch also supports its own proprietary enterprise MIB as an extended Management Information Base.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In the opposite case, if the Aging Time is too short, many entries may be aged out soon, resulting in a high percentage of received packets whose source addresses cannot be found in the address table. Spanning Tree Algorithm The Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) in the Switch allows you to create alternative paths (with multiple switches or other types of bridges) in your network.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide On the Port Level ♦ Root Port Each switch has a Root Port. This is the port that has the lowest Path Cost to the Root Bridge. In case there are several such ports, then the one with the lowest Port Identifier is the Root Port. ♦ Designated Port This is the port on each Designated Bridge that is attached to the LAN segment for which the switch is the Designated Bridge. ♦ Port Priority The smaller this number, the higher the Port Priority is.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide based on the STA calculation of the most current Bridge and Port settings. Now, if Bridge 1 broadcasts a packet to Bridge 3, then Bridge 3 will broadcast it to Bridge 2 and the broadcast will end there. STA setup can be somewhat complex. Therefore, you are advised to keep the default factory settings and STA will automatically assign root bridges/ports and block loop connections. However, if you need to customize the STA parameters, refer to Table 5-1. Figure 5-1.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide STA parameters Settings Effects Comment Bridge Priority lower the #, higher the priority Increases chance of becoming the Root Bridge Avoid, if the switch is used in workgroup level of a large network Hello Time 1 - 10 sec. No effect, if not Root Bridge Never set greater than Max. Age Time Max. Age Time 6 - 40 sec. Compete for Root Bridge, if BPDU is not received Avoid low number for unnecessary reset of Root Bridge Forward Delay 4 - 30 sec.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Data transmitted to a specific host (destination address) will always be transmitted over the same port in a trunk group. This allows packets in a data stream to arrive in the same order they were sent. A trunk connection can be made with any other switch that maintains host-to-host data streams over a single trunk port.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Setting up MAC-based broadcast domains is a relatively straightforward process. Simply create the broadcast domain by assigning it a name (description) and add MAC addresses for the stations that will be members. IEEE 802.1Q VLANs The Switch supports about 2000 802.1Q VLANs. 802.1Q VLANs limit traffic that flows into and out of switch ports.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In the above example, there are three different 802.1Q VLANs and each port can transmit packets on one of them according to their Port VLAN ID (PVID). However, a port can receive packets on all VLANs (VID) that it belongs to. The assignments are as follows: PVID (Port VLAN ID) 1 1 1 2 2 3 VID (VLAN ID) 1 2 3 Ports Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 6 Port 7 Port 4 Member Ports 1, 2, 3, 4 4, 6, 7 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 Table 5-2.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide forwarding decisions (this allows VLANs to span multiple switches). If an egress connection is to a noncompliant switch or end-station, tags should be stripped so the (now normal Ethernet) packet can be read by the receiving device. VLANs Over 802.1Q-compliant Switches When switches maintaining the same VLANs are 802.1Q-compliant, it is possible to use tagging. Tagging puts 802.1Q VLAN information into each packet header, enabling other 802.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In port-based VLANs, broadcast, multicast and unknown packets will be limited to within the VLAN. Thus, port-based VLANs effectively segment your network into broadcast domains. Furthermore, ports can only belong to a single VLAN.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide broadcast packets falls to an acceptable level (below a falling threshold), the SNMP agent can remove the blocking condition, returning the port to its normal operational state. In the Switch, the default rising threshold is met when more than 500 broadcast packets per second are being detected on a specified port. Once the rising threshold is surpassed for a duration of more than 5 seconds, it will trigger the broadcast storm rising action configured by the user.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 6 6 U SING THE C ONSOLE I NTERFACE Your Gigabit Ethernet Switch supports a console management interface that allows you to set up and control your Switch, either with an ordinary terminal (or terminal emulator), or over the network using the TCP/IP Telnet protocol. You can use this facility to perform many basic network management functions. In addition, the console program will allow you to set up the Switch for management using an SNMP-based network management system.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-1. Example of a console connection Connecting to the Switch Using Telnet Once you have set an IP address for your Switch, you can use a Telnet program (in a VT-100 compatible terminal mode) to access and control the Switch. Most of the screens are identical, whether accessed from the console port or from a Telnet interface. You can also use a Web-based browser to manage the Switch. See the next chapter, “Web-Based Network Management,” for further information.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-2. Initial Screen, first time connecting to the Switch Press (Note: Leave the Username and Password fields blank). You will see the main menu shown below: Figure 6-3. Main Menu The first user automatically gets Administrator privileges (See Table 6-1). It is recommended to create at least one Administrator-level user for the Switch.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 4. Press to return to the previous screen or Ctrl+T to go to the root screen. 5. To see a listing of all user accounts and access levels, press . Then choose View/Delete User Accounts. The View/Delete User Account screen appears. Administrator and Normal User Privileges There are two levels of user privileges: Administrator and Normal User. Some menu selections available to users with Administrator privileges may not be available to Normal Users.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-4. Save Changes screen Login On The Switch Console By Registered Users To log in once you have created a registered user, 1. Type in your Username and press . 2. Type in your Password and press . 3. The main menu screen will be displayed based on your Administrator or Normal User access level or privilege. Add/Modify User Account To add or change your user password: 1. Choose User Accounts Management from the main menu.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-5. User Account Management menu 2. Choose Create/Modify User Account. The following screen appears: Figure 6-6. Add/Modify User Accounts screen 3. Type in your Username and press . 4. If you are a new user, type in the Old Password and press . 5. Type in the New Password you have chosen, and press . Type in the same new password in the following field to verify that you have not mistyped it. 6.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide View/Delete User Account Access to the console, whether using the console port or via Telnet, is controlled using a user name and password. Up to three user names can be defined. The console interface will not let you delete the current logged-in user, however, in order to prevent accidentally deleting all of the users with Administrator privilege. Only users with the Administrator privilege can delete users.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-8. System Configuration menu You will need to change some settings to be able to manage the Switch from an SNMP-based network management system such as SNMP v1 or to be able to access the Switch using the Telnet protocol. See the next chapter for Web-based management information. Configure IP Address The Switch needs to have a TCP/IP address assigned to it so that the network management system or Telnet client can find it on the network.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ Assign IP Determines whether the Switch should get its IP Address settings from the user (Manual), a BOOTP server, or a DHCP server. If Manual is chosen, the Switch will use the IP Address, Subnet Mask and Default Gateway settings defined in this screen upon being rebooted. If BOOTP is chosen, the Switch will send out a BOOTP broadcast request when it is powered up.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ Serial Port Determines whether the serial port should be used for out-of-band (SLIP) management or for console management, starting from the next time the Switch is restarted. In this field, you can toggle between SLIP or Console port type settings. ♦ Baud Rate Determines the serial port bit rate that will be used the next time the Switch is restarted.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-12. Configure Advanced Switch Features screen The field you can set is: ♦ Head Of Line (HOL) Blocking Prevention If Enabled, this function is designed to prevent forwarding a packet to a “blocking” port, that is, a port where an excess of packets are queued up.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-13. Port Configuration screen 2. Specify the port range and specific port in the Configure Ports and Port fields, respectively. 3. In the State field, change the port state to Enabled or Disabled. 4. In the Speed/Duplex field, 1000M/Full will always be displayed. 5. In the Flow Ctrl field, toggle Off or On. 6. In the Priority field, select High, Low, or Normal. 7. Set Port lock to Enabled or Disabled. 8.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ Broadcast Storm As a broadcast storm develops, the number of broadcast packets received on a port increases steadily. The Broadcast Storm controls make it possible to (1) prevent a broadcast storm from spreading from one port to others, and (2) restore normal forwarding of broadcast packets when the storm has abated.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide you will connect a monitoring/troubleshooting device such as a sniffer or an RMON probe. When you are finished, change the Status to Enabled and then press APPLY to let your changes take effect. Configure Spanning Tree Protocol The Spanning Tree Algorithm Parameters can be used for creating alternative paths in your network. The Protocol Parameters allow you to change the behind the scene parameters of the Spanning Tree Algorithm at the bridge level.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 3. Change the Disabled setting to Enabled in the Spanning Tree Protocol field. 4. Enter the Bridge Max Age in the Max Age(6-40 sec) field. 5. Enter the Bridge Hello Time in the Hello Time(1-10 sec) field. 6. Enter the Bridge Forward Delay time in the Forward Delay(4-30 sec) field. 7. Enter the Bridge Priority in the Bridge Priority(0-65535) field. 8. Press APPLY to let your changes take effect.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ Forward Delay(4-30 Sec) The Forward Delay is a read-write object that can be set from 4 to 30 seconds. This is the time any port on the Switch spends in the listening state while moving from the blocking state to the forwarding state. ♦ Bridge Priority(0-65535 Sec) A Bridge Priority is a read-write object that can be set from 0 to 65535. This is the priority number of the bridge.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-18. Configure Filtering and Forwarding Table screen The following fields at the top of the screen can be set: ♦ Lock Address Table (Stops Auto-Learning) This function is used mostly for security purposes. When the forwarding table is locked, the Switch will no longer learn the MAC addresses for new hosts.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-19. Static Forwarding Table screen By mapping a port to a destination MAC address, the Switch can permanently forward traffic to the specified device, even after long periods of network inactivity or during times of network congestion. To make a change to the Static Forwarding Table screen, choose either Add or Remove in the Action field.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide defined as static entries that may be added and removed from the Filtering Database by the user. They are not automatically removed by any timeout mechanism. To access the Static Filtering Table screen, select Configure Filtering and Forwarding Table from the System Configuration menu. Then select Configure MAC Address Filtering from the bottom of the Configure Filtering and Forwarding Table screen. The following screen appears: Figure 6-20.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide assign outgoing ports. You may also use this screen to allow dynamic updates via IGMP snooping by toggling the last field to Enabled. Press APPLY to put the changes into effect. Configure IGMP Filtering Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) allows multicasting on your network.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-23. IEEE 802.1Q IGMP Configuration menu Choose Add/Remove IGMP Control Table from the screen above to define up to 12 VLANs on the Switch which can send and receive IGMP packets: Figure 6-24. Add/Remove IGMP Entry screen The above screen is used to specify an agent to interface between IGMP and VLAN. The agents are assigned to a VLAN and allow IGMP query and report packets to be present on the given VLAN. Only 12 agents can exist on the switch at any one time.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-25. IEEE 802.1Q IGMP Configuration screen This allows you to enable or disable these agents and set aging timers for them. Items in the above screen are defined as follows: ♦ VLAN ID This is the VID number for the VLAN that has an agent attached to it which enables IGMP packets to be sent and received. ♦ Age-out Timer If no IGMP query packet has arrived at the Switch before this timer has expired, the Switch will become the IGMP host for this VLAN.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide After you have set the age-out timer and either enabled or disabled IGMP status for the desired VLAN, press APPLY to let the changes take effect. Configure VLAN The VLAN Configuration menu displays the status of the current VLAN mode and allows a user to restart the Switch in IEEE 802.1Q VLANs, Port-based, or MAC-based Broadcast Domains mode, or not to use a selection by choosing None. Please note that the Switch can only support one mode at any given time.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-28. MAC-based Broadcast Domains Configuration menu Choose Add/Remove MAC-based Broadcast Domains to access the following screen: Figure 6-29. Add/Remove MAC-based Broadcast Domains screen The fields you can set are: ♦ Action Select the desired action by toggling between Add and Remove. ♦ Domain Name Enter the name of the broadcast domain. Press APPLY to add or remove the designated MAC-based broadcast domain.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-30. First Add/Remove MAC-based Broadcast Domain Members screen To configure a broadcast domain, highlight the desired entry on the screen above and press . The following Add/Remove MAC-based Broadcast Domain Members screen appears: Figure 6-31. Second Add/Remove MAC-based Broadcast Domain Members screen The fields you can set are: ♦ Action Select the desired action by toggling between Add and Remove.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Configure Port-based VLANs Choose Configure Port-based VLANs on the VLAN Configuration screen (System Configuration ! Configure VLANs & MAC-based Broadcast Domains) to access the Port-based VLAN Configuration menu pictured below (note that if you have just changed to this mode, you must also reboot the Switch before being able to work with port-based VLANs): Figure 6-32.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To edit or delete a port-based VLAN, select Edit/Delete a Port-Based VLAN from the Configure VLAN (Port-Based) screen. The following screen appears: Figure 6-34. first Edit/Delete a Port-based VLAN screen Select Edit or Delete in the Action field and then select a VLAN from the column on the right side of the screen above. The following screen appears: Figure 6-35.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 2. Define which ports will be active members of the VLAN. A port can transmit packets onto only one VLAN. It can receive packets (be a passive member) on many VLANs. Active VLANs are designations defined by assigning Port VLAN ID numbers (PVIDs) in the Port VLAN assignment screen. 3. Define the VLAN itself and which ports will be members (able to receive packets from a port that has this PVID number).
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide and its own VIDs. If there is a match, the port will receive the packet. If the packet doesn’t have a VLAN tag or the port is not a member of the VLAN for which the packet is tagged, the packet will be discarded. Note: If a port is a member of a trunk group but is not the anchor, the items shown in the above table will be read-only and the values will be the same as those for the anchor port. Choose Configure Port VLAN ID to access the second item on the IEEE 802.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The fields above include: ♦ VID Enter a VLAN ID from 1 to 4094 and hit . This is the VLAN that will be defined on this screen. ♦ VLAN Name Description of the VLAN. ♦ Tag/Untag Toggle between T for tag and U for untag for each port. ♦ Egress/Forbidden Position the cursor over the dash “–“ representing the appropriate port number and press to select E for Egress membership, or leave the dash “– “.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-41. GMRP Configuration menu The Switch GMRP field allows you to either enable or disable GMRP on the Switch by toggling between the two choices and then pressing APPLY to let the change take effect. Once GMRP is enabled for the Switch, you then must enable specific ports by selecting Configure Port GMRP Settings from the GMRP Configuration menu above. The GMRP Configuration screen appears: Figure 6-42.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-43. Port Trunking Configuration screen Please note that the maximum size for trunk groups 1 to 4 is four ports. The fields you can set are: ♦ Index Enter the index number (1 through 4, as shown in this screen) that you wish to give the new entry, or the index number of the entry that you wish to remove. ♦ Status Use the space bar to toggle between Enabled and Disabled. This indicates whether you want to add or remove a trunk group.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-44. Update Firmware and Configuration Files screen The fields you can set are: ♦ Software Update Mode Set to either Network or SLIP. Determines whether the configuration file should be obtained through the Ethernet network or through the console port. ♦ TFTP Server Address The IP address of the TFTP server where the configuration file is located. This entry is used only if the Firmware Update is set to Enabled.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-45. Utilities menu Ping Test Choose Ping Test to access the following screen: Figure 6-46. Ping Test screen A ping test sends out a PING (Packet INternet Groper) packet to test network connectivity between the Switch and any other network device with an IP address. The fields you can set are: ♦ Destination IP Address The IP address to be Pinged. ♦ Repetition Amount of times the Switch should send the Ping (1-255).
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Save Settings to TFTP Server You can command the Switch to transmit a copy of its current configuration settings to any TFTP server on the network. This is done by choosing Save Settings to TFTP Server from the Utilities menu. You will first be asked if you want to save the current configuration (including any recent, possibly unsaved changes) to the Switch’s non-volatile memory; then the following screen will appear: Figure 6-47.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Clear Address Table Choose Clear Address Table from the Utilities menu (under System Utilities on the main menu) to clear the entire Address Table (also known as the Filtering and Forwarding table). SNMP Manager Configuration The Switch sends out SNMP traps to network management stations whenever certain exceptional events occur, such as when the Switch is turned on or when a system reset occurs.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Monitoring The Switch uses an SNMP agent which monitors different aspects of network traffic. The SNMP agent keeps counters and statistics on the operation of the Switch itself, and on each port on the Switch. The statistics obtained can be used to monitor the conditions and general efficiency of the Switch.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-51. Traffic Statistics menu Statistics Overview To access the first item on the Traffic Statistics menu, choose Statistics Overview. The following table appears: Figure 6-52. Port Utilization screen The information displayed above includes: ♦ Polling Interval Select the desired update increment setting from: 1 sec, 5 sec, 15 sec, 30 sec, 1 min, or Suspend. ♦ TX/sec The number of good bytes sent from the respective port per second.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Port Traffic Statistics To access the second item on the Traffic Statistics menu, choose Port Traffic Statistics. The following table appears: Figure 6-53. Port Traffic Statistics screen The information displayed above includes: ♦ Ports This field always displays either “1 to 4” or “5 to 8” in this 8-port switch version. ♦ Polling Interval Select the desired update increment setting from: 1 sec, 5 sec, 15 sec, 30 sec, 1 min, or Suspend.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-54. Port Error Packet Statistics screen The information displayed above includes: ♦ Ports This field always displays either “1 to 4” or “5 to 8” in this 8-port switch version. ♦ Polling Interval Select the desired update increment setting from: 1 sec, 5 sec, 15 sec, 30 sec, 1 min, or Suspend. ♦ CRC Errors The number of frames that fail the CRC integrity check.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-55. Port Packet Analysis Statistics screen The information displayed above includes: ♦ Port Enter the desired port in this field. ♦ Polling Interval Select the desired update increment setting from: 1 sec, 5 sec, 15 sec, 30 sec, 1 min, or Suspend. ♦ 64, 65-127, 128-255, 256-511, 512-1023, 1024-1518 The number of good frames of various length ranges, both valid and invalid. ♦ RX (GOOD) The number of good frames received.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To display the Browse Address Table screen, choose Network Monitoring from the main menu and then choose Browse Address Table. The following screen appears: Figure 6-56. Browse Address Table To browse by MAC address, select MAC address in the Search by field, enter the desired MAC address in the next field, enter a VLAN ID in the following field, and then press FIND.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-57. IP Multicast Information screen This screen displays the number of IGMP queries and reports for each active IP multicast group detected by the Switch. You can also view which Switch ports support each multicast group. The fields displayed are defined as follows: ♦ IGMP Snooping Indicates whether IGMP snooping is Enabled or Disabled. ♦ Age-out Timer Displays the time the Switch waits between IGMP queries.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-58. GVRP Status screen This screen contains information pertaining to GVRP. Press N to view the status of additional IEEE 802.1Q VLANs. Browse GMRP Status The GMRP Status screen allows you to browse Group Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP). To display the GMRP Status screen, choose Network Monitoring from the main menu and then choose Browse GMRP Status. The following screen appears: Figure 6-59.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To view this record, choose Network Monitoring from the main menu, and then choose Switch History from the Network Monitoring menu. A screen similar to that shown below will appear: Figure 6-60. Switch History screen The Switch can be commanded to upload its history via TFTP to a machine you specify. See System Utilities earlier in this chapter.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Factory Reset Before performing a factory reset, be absolutely certain that this is what you want to do. Once the reset is done, all of the Switch’s settings stored in NV-RAM (including TCP/IP parameters, SNMP parameters, the enabled/disabled settings of ports, security settings, etc.) will be erased and restored to their factory default settings. 1. Choose Factory Reset from the main menu. The following screen appears: Figure 6-62. Factory Reset screen 2.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 7 7 W EB -B ASED N ETWORK MANAGEMENT Introduction The DGS-3208F offers an embedded Web-based (hypertext) interface allowing users to manage the Switch from anywhere on the network through a standard browser such as Netscape Navigator/Communicator or Microsoft Internet Explorer. The Web browser acts as a universal access tool and can communicate directly with the Switch using HTTP protocol. Your browser screen may differ from the screen shots (pictures) in this guide.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide All categories and options are explained below. Configuration This is the first category and is opened by default when you login to the Web-based management program. The Configuration options include Basic Setup, TCP/IP Setup, Advanced, Ports Setup, Port Mirror, Trap Manager, SNMP Manager, Download, Console, Save, and Reset. See below for explanations of each one. Basic Setup Figure 7-1.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide TCP/IP Setup Figure 7-2. TCP/IP Parameters Setup window You can change the IP Address, Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway on the Switch. If you are not using BOOTP, enter the IP Address, Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway of the Switch. If you enable BOOTP, you do not need to configure any IP parameters because a BOOTP server automatically assigns IP configuration parameters to the Switch. Click Apply to activate the new settings.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Advanced Figure 7-3. Configure Advanced Switch Features window The Switch features head of line (HOL) blocking prevention, a function designed to prevent forwarding of a packet to a “blocking” port, that is, a port where an excess of packets are queued up.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 1. Enable or disable the port. If you choose Disabled, devices connected to that port cannot use the Switch, and the Switch purges their addresses from its address table after the MAC address aging time elapses. The Switch won't purge addresses if you define them as permanent entries in the Forwarding Table. 2. Configure the Speed/Duplex setting for the port. The option 1000M/Full means operation at 1000 Mbps in full duplex mode. 3.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Port Mirror Figure 7-5. Port Mirroring window The Switch allows you to copy frames transmitted and received on a port and redirect the copies to another port. You can attach a monitoring device to the mirrored port, such as a sniffer or an RMON probe, to view details about the packets passing through the first port. To configure a mirror port, select Enabled from the Status pull-down list. In the first field, select the source port from where you want to copy frames.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To use the trap manager function featured on this Switch, enter the desired community string and IP address of the trap receiving station (up to four are allowed). A trap receiving station is a device that constantly runs a network management application to receive and store traps. Click Apply to put the settings into effect The information is described as follows: ♦ IP Address The IP address of the trap receiving station. ♦ Community A user-defined community name.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Download Figure 7-8. Firmware and Configuration Update (Download) window Firmware and configuration updating can be done from the window above. Please note that you must reboot your PC to start the update. The information is described as follows: ♦ Software Update Mode Set to either Network or Out of Band. Determines whether the new firmware code should be obtained through the Ethernet network or through the console port.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Console Figure 7-9. Console Setup window This window allows you to select the protocol for communicating through the console port, Console or Slip, in the Serial Port field. Use SLIP for out-of-band management. You can also specify the refresh rate in the Console Timeout field and the desired setting in the Baud Rate field. Click Apply and then reboot the Switch for console port settings to take effect.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Save Figure 7-10. Save Configuration window To save all changes made in the current session to the Switch’s flash memory, click the Apply button on this window. Reset Figure 7-11. Reset Functions window This window lets you restart the Switch or carry out a factory reset. Restarting the Switch clears transient data but preserves saved settings; a factory reset clears transient data and restores the settings that were in effect when the Switch left the factory.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Bridge This is the second category of the Web-based management program. The Bridge options include Configure Spanning Tree Protocol (Switch STP and Port STP), Configure Filtering and Forwarding Table (Address Setup, Custom FDB, Filter Table, and Multicast FDB), and Configure IGMP Filtering (IGMP Setup and, depending on the VLAN/MAC-based broadcast domain setting, IGMP 802.1Q VLAN Setup or IGMP Port Based VLAN Setup). See below for explanations of each one.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ Root Cost Read-only object displays the cost for the path between the switch and the root bridge. If the switch is the root bridge, then the root cost is zero. ♦ Root Port Read-only object identifies the port (on the bridge) that offers the least path cost from the bridge to the root bridge. In the event of a network loop, data packets will pass through the root port.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Port STP Figure 7-13. Port Spanning Tree Configurations window The information on the window is described as follows: ♦ STP State The Spanning Tree Protocol state for a selected port can either be Enabled or Disabled. ♦ Cost(1~65535) The Path Cost is a changeable parameter and may be modified according to the Spanning Tree Algorithm specification. ♦ Priority(0~255) The read-write object displays the priority number of the port.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-14. Bridge Address Table Configurations window ♦ Lock Address Table(STOPs Learning) This function is used mostly for security purposes. When the forwarding table is locked, the Switch will no longer learn the MAC addresses for new hosts. If your network configuration doesn’t change, locking the forwarding table helps keep intruders off your network, since any packet coming from an unknown source address will be dropped by the Switch.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide MAC forwarding allows the Switch to permanently forward outbound traffic to specific destination MAC addresses over a specified port. You can also use this feature to restrict inbound traffic based on source MAC addresses. Click the arrow icon on the window above to add or modify static forwarding table entries. The following window appears: Figure 7-16.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Filter Table Figure 7-17. MAC Address Filtering Table window MAC filtering allows the Switch to block inbound traffic from unknown or unwanted devices by mapping a port to a source MAC address. To use the MAC filtering function, enter the MAC address of the device allowed to send traffic in the MAC Address field and select the desired setting in the Filter Status field. Then click Apply.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-18. Add MAC Address Filtering Table Entry window To use the static filtering function, enter the MAC address of the device allowed to send traffic in the MAC Address field, enter the current VLAN name, and then click Apply. 802.1Q VLAN Multicast FDB Figure 7-19. Static Multicast Settings window This window allows you to forward traffic over each port for one multicast group.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-20. Configure Static Multicast Entry window To edit or create a new filter, enter the VLAN ID number as well as the desired MAC address in the first two fields, respectively. Next, check either None, Egress, or Forbidden for each port. None should be checked if you don’t want a port to belong to a VLAN. Check Egress to statically set a port to belong to a VLAN.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ IP Multicast Filtering (IGMP Snooping) This enables or disables the Switch to intelligently forward IGMP and multicast packets instead of broadcasting (flooding) them on all ports. This setting also enables IGMP snooping, which enables the Switch to read IGMP packets being forwarded through the Switch in order to obtain forwarding information from them (learn which ports contain multicast members). IGMP 802.1Q VLAN Setup Figure 7-22.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Enter a VLAN ID number in the first field, enter an IGMP entry aging time in the next field, disable or enable IGMP status, and click Apply to let your changes take effect. IGMP Port Based VLAN Setup Figure 7-24. Port-based IGMP Configuration window This table displays IGMP configuration information. Click the arrow icon to access the Modify IGMP Entry window: Figure 7-25.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Configure VLAN This is the third category of the Web-based management program. The Configure VLAN options depend on which VLAN or MAC-based broadcast domain mode you are in. Mode Setup and MAC-based are the main screens for MAC-based broadcast domains. Mode Setup and Port based VLAN Setup are the main screens for port-based VLANs. Mode Setup, 802.1Q VLAN Configuration (Port VID Setup, Ingress Filtering Check, 802.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-27. Add a Domain Name to Table window This window lets you create and remove MAC-based broadcast domains. In the Domain Name field, which is initially blank, type the name or number that you wish to give the domain; then click Apply to add the name to the table. You can click the button under Remove to delete a domain. Click the arrow under Enter to add entries to this table. The following window appears: Figure 7-28.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide (which depends on whether the setting has been saved and the Switch restarted) or, if you wish, remove it by clicking the button under Remove. Port Based VLAN Setup Figure 7-29. Configure Port-based VLAN window Select a management VLAN at the top of the window and then click Apply. Click the pointer icon on the far right of the window above to access the Add/Remove Port-based VLAN window: Figure 7-30.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To delete a port-based VLAN, select Delete from the table, change each port’s Group setting to No, and then click Apply to let your change take effect. To make a change to a port-based VLAN, select Modify to the table and then make the desired changes to the Group settings. Click Apply to let your changes take effect. 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Port VID Setup Figure 7-31. Port VID Setup VLAN window Use this window to assign a default VLAN ID for each desired port.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Use this window to enable or disable the ingress filtering check for each desired port. Ingress filtering means that a receiving port will check to see if it is a member of the VLAN ID in the packet before forwarding the packet. Click Apply to let the settings take effect. 802.1Q VLAN Setup Figure 7-33. Configure 802.1Q VLAN window Click the pointer icon to access the Configure 802.1Q VLAN Entry window: Figure 7-34. Configure 802.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide GVRP Configuration Figure 7-35. GVRP Configuration window Use this window to enable or disable GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP), where GARP is the Generic Attribute Registration Protocol, for each desired port. Click Apply to let the settings take effect. GMRP Configuration Figure 7-36. GMRP Configuration window Use this window to disable or enable Group Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP) on individual ports on the Switch.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide GMRP Configuration Device GMRP Configuration Figure 7-37. Configure Device GMRP window Use this window to enable or disable Group Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP) on the Switch. Click Apply to let your change take effect. 802.1Q VLAN Multicast FDB Figure 7-38. Static Multicast Settings window This window allows you to forward traffic over each port for one multicast group.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Click the arrow icon to access the Configure Static Multicast Entry window: Figure 7-39. Configure Static Multicast Entry window To edit or create a new filter, enter the desired VLAN ID number as well as the MAC address in the first two fields, respectively. Next, check either None, Egress, or Forbidden for each port. None should be checked if you don’t want a port to belong to a VLAN. Check Egress to statically set a port to belong to a VLAN.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Port Trunking Figure 7-40. Port Trunking Configuration window To create a trunk group, enter a description in the first textbox; then check the boxes for two or more ports (making sure none are used by any other trunk group), select the status you want (Enabled or Disabled), and click Apply. Please note that the maximum size for trunk groups is four ports. Monitor This is the fifth category of the Web-based management program.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Traffic Statistics Overview Figure 7-41. Switch Statistics window Click Reset Counter to clear all the counters on the window above. The information on this table is described as follows: ♦ Update Interval Choose the desired setting: 1 second, 5 seconds, 15 seconds, 30 seconds, 60 seconds or Suspend. ♦ TX frames/sec Counts the total number of frames transmitted from a selected port per second since the Switch was last rebooted.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Traffic Figure 7-42. Port Statistics – Traffic window The port statistics shown by default are those for the port you last configured. Once in the Traffic Statistics windows, you can click any port on the switch graphic to show statistics for that port. Click Reset Counter to clear all the counters on the window above.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Utilization Figure 7-43. Port Utilization Graph window Click Reset Counter to restart the graph on the window above. The information is described as follows: ♦ Last Detected Source Address MAC address of the last source accessed. Errors Figure 7-44. Port Statistics - Errors window Click Reset Counter to clear all the counters on the window above.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ Update Interval Choose the desired setting: 1 second, 5 seconds, 15 seconds, 30 seconds, 60 seconds or Suspend. ♦ Link Status Indicates whether the port is online and working (1000/Full/Flow control off, for example) or not (Link Down). Other Errors: ♦ CRC Error Counts otherwise valid frames that did not end on a byte (octet) boundary.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The information is described as follows: ♦ Update Interval Choose the desired setting: 1 second, 5 seconds, 15 seconds, 30 seconds, 60 seconds or Suspend. ♦ 64 The total number of packets (including bad packets) received that were 64 octets in length (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Browse Address Table Search By MAC Figure 7-46. first Forwarding Table window The Switch allows you to display a forwarding table containing Switch ports, source addresses, learned statuses, and VLAN ID numbers. If the table doesn’t display the information you want, fill in the requested information in the Start MAC Address and Current Vid (1..4094) fields and then click the Search button. Search By Port Figure 7-47.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Switch allows you to display a forwarding table containing Switch ports, source addresses, learned statuses, and VLAN ID numbers. If the table doesn’t display the information you want, fill in the requested information in the Select Port Number and Current Vid (1..4094) fields and then click the Search button. Search By VLAN Figure 7-48.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Switch allows you to display a forwarding table containing Switch ports, source addresses, learned statuses, and VLAN ID numbers. IGMP Status The Monitor group’s IGMP Status command lets you examine the operation of the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP). The Switch can recognize IGMP queries and reports sent between stations and an IGMP router.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ Ports The Switch ports supporting the selected multicast group. Browse GVRP Status Figure 7-51. GVRP Status window This window contains information pertaining to GARP (Generic Attribute Registration Protocol) VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP). Click the Next button at the bottom of the window to view the status of additional IEEE 802.1Q VLANs. Browse GMRP Status Figure 7-52.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide History Log The Switch keeps a record of events that may be of interest to a network administrator: startups, reconfigurations, link activations and deactivations, firmware upgrades, and others. Figure 7-53. Switch History window The Switch can be commanded to upload its history via TFTP to a machine you specify. See the description of the Utilities group’s Upload History command, further on in this chapter.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Add/Modify Figure 7-54. Add/Modify User Account window To add or change a User Account, fill in the appropriate information in the User Name, Old Password, New Password, and Confirm New Password fields. Then select Normal User or Administrator in the Access Level control and click Apply. To delete a User Account, click the “X” icon in the delete column on the User Account Table at the bottom of the window.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-55. Save Settings to TFTP Server window To have an image of the Switch’s current configuration uploaded to a TFTP server on your network, enter the server’s IP address, supply a valid file name, and click Apply. Save Switch History to TFTP Server The Switch keeps a record of events that may be of interest to a network administrator: startups, reconfigurations, link activations and deactivations, firmware upgrades, and others.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Clear Address Table Figure 7-57. Clear Address Table window Click Apply to clear all address tables. Help Click this button to access the online help files for the Switch. Figure 7-58.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide A 8 T ECHNICAL S PECIFICATIONS General Standards: IEEE 802.3z on each port IEEE 802.3 Frame types: Transparent IEEE 802.3 MAC layer frame size: 64–1518 bytes Protocol: CSMA/CD Data Transfer Rate: Gigabit Ethernet: 2000 Mbps (full duplex) Topology: Star Network Cables: 525m 50/125-mm, 275 m 62.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Performance Transmission Method: Store-and-forward RAM Buffer: 16 Mbytes per device *83.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 9 INDEX Bridge MIB (RFC 1493), 3 Bridge Priority, 15 Bridge Priority, 16, 18 Bridge Priority (0-65535 Sec), 82 Bridge Priority(0-65535 Sec), 40 Bridge Priority(0-65535), 39 BridgeIdentifier, 15 broadcast packets, 37 Broadcast RX, 66 broadcast storm, 37 Broadcast Storm Falling Action, 36 Broadcast Storm Rising Action, 36 Broadcast TX, 66 Browse GMRP Status, 68 Browse GVRP Status, 68 Bytes Received, 101 Bytes Recv.
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Hello Time, 18 Hello Time(1-10 sec), 39 Hello Time(1-10 Sec), 39 Help, 112 Hold Time(Sec), 39, 82 Humidity, 113 Data Bits, 79 Data filtering rate, 2 Data forwarding rate, 2 data packet, 39, 82 Default Gateway, 33, 73 Designated Port, 16 Designated Root, 39, 81 DesignatedBridge, 15 Desktop or Shelf Installation, 4 Destination Address, 85 Destination IP Address, 59 Destination Port, 85 DHCP, 33, 73 Dimensions, 113 Displaying Port Statistics, 62 Dropped Frames, 65, 103 Dy
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Repetition, 59 Resetting the Switch, 69 Rising Action, 37 RMON MIB (RFC 1757), 3 RMON probe, 38, 76 Root Bridge, 15 Root C, 39 Root Cost, 82 Root Path Cost, 15 Root Port, 16, 39, 82 Root Priority, 39 Root Priority(Sec), 82 Routers, 2 RS-232 DCE console port, 12 Runtime Software Version, 72 RX (good), 104 RX (GOOD), 66 RX frames/sec, 100 RX Octets, 66 RX/sec, 63 Network Classes Class A, B, C for Subnet Mask, 33 Network loop detection and prevention Spanning Tree Algorit
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Total Frames Received, 101 Total Frames Recv.
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