DI-308 ISDN Router User’s Guide Rev. 02 (August 2000) 6DI308.
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Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................1 Product Features ......................................................................................................................... 1 Applications for your DI-308 ...................................................................................................... 3 Internet Access...............................................................................................
Static ARP...............................................................................................................................................55 NAT Configuration .................................................................................................................................57 Configure NAPT for Special Ap[plication]s...........................................................................................66 Telnet/Discovery Enable ...............................................
APPENDIX C – IP PROTOCOL AND PORT NUMBERS .....................................112 IP Protocol Numbers ............................................................................................................... 112 IP Port Numbers...................................................................................................................... 112 APPENDIX D - TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS.................................................113 APPENDIX E – COUNTRY ID NUMBERS ................................
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Introduction Congratulations on your purchase of a D-Link DI-308 remote access router with integrated Ethernet switch and ISDN T/A. No larger than an ordinary modem, your router offers inexpensive yet complete telecommunications and internetworking solutions for your home or branch office. It is ideal for everything from Internet browsing to receiving calls from Remote Dial-in Users and making connections to other LANs via Remote Nodes.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router ISDN Leased Line If the router is set up for an ISDN leased line, it can automatically initialize the leased-line connection each time it is powered up. Standard Phone Jacks The router is equipped with two standard phone jacks for connecting telephones, fax machines, or modems. This allows the ISDN line to be used for voice as well as data calls.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Data Compression The DI-308 incorporates Stac data compression and CCP (Compression Control Protocol). Networking Compatibility The DI-308 is compatible with remote access products from other companies such as Ascend, Cisco, and 3Com. Furthermore, they support Microsoft Windows 95 and Windows NT remote access capability.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Chapter One, “Introduction,” describes many of the technologies implemented in the DI-308 as well as product features, etc. DI-308 to operate on your LAN. Chapter Two, “Installation,” is designed as a step-by-step guide to installing the router. Chapter Three, “Configuration and Management,” provides detailed explanations for the console program that is used to setup and configure the router.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Other Resources For more information about your DI-308 check the following sources: ♦ Quick Start Guide. ♦ Support disk containing RouteMan, a Windows-based configuration program. Packing List Before you proceed further, check all items you received with your DI-308 against this list to make sure nothing is missing. The complete package should include: ♦ One DI-308 ISDN router. ♦ One power adapter. ♦ One RS-232 cable. ♦ One unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Installation This chapter outlines how to connect your DI-308 to your LAN and ISDN line. Refer to the diagrams below to identify all of the ports on your device when you make connections. Ordering Your ISDN Line If you do not have an ISDN line installed already, we suggest that you order it from your telephone company as soon as possible to avoid the long waiting period common when ordering a new line. Use the information in this section to place the order.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router LINK/ACT— 1 through 8— These indicators light up when a port is connected to a powered-on Ethernet/Fast Ethernet station. The LEDs blink when information is transmitted or received on a port. 100/10M – 1 through 8— These indicators light up when a port is operating at 100Mbps. Otherwise, if this indicator is dark and the corresponding LINK indicator is lit, then the port is operating at 10Mbps. PHONE – 1— Lights up when standard phone port 1 is in use.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Telephone Features Up to two telephones can be attached to the DI-308 router via the Phone 1 and Phone 2 telephone jacks located on the rear of the router. The router enables the attached telephones to have a number of features which may or may not be found on normal telephones and are described below. Additional features, which must be configured, are described in the Interface Configuration – ISDN submenu section of this manual.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router For the initial configuration of your DI-308, you must use an RS-232 console connection, either to a computer running serial communications software or to a serial data terminal. After the router has been successfully installed and the initial configuration is complete, you can continue to modify settings through the console, or you can change configuration settings through a remote Telnet connection or through a Webbased configuration utilization program.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Using the Console The Console Program is the interface that you will be using to configure your DI-308. Several operations that you should be familiar with before you attempt to modify the configuration of your router are listed below: • Moving the Cursor - Within a menu, use tab and arrow keys to navigate through different information fields.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router or an end node using a cross-wired cable. Please note that when the Uplink port is in use, Port 1x is unavailable.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Note that you can connect an end node through the Uplink jack, but to do so you must use a cross-wired cable or cable converter. Step 6 - Powering Up Devices for Initial Configuration Plug in the included 18V DC, 2.5A power adapter into the power jack on the router’s rear panel. You should have now connected the RS-232 cable to the console, the ISDN phone line, one or more Ethernet cables, and the power adapter.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router To log on to the router, use the factory set username and password ‘Admin’ (without the quotes). Please note that the user name and password are case-sensitive. Upon entering the username and password (using the tab key to jump to the next field), position the cursor on OK and press .
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Step 8 - Configuring the LAN Port Preparing the router for connection to a LAN only requires enabling the LAN port, enabling IP networking, assigning the LAN port an IP address and enabling telnet (if necessary). After the LAN port is configured, all other features on the router can be configured remotely through the LAN by using the included Windows-based Router Configuration Utility or Telnet.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • Choose the Telnet/Discovery Enable option to enable Telnet if it has not been done so already. • Position the cursor on the Save option at the bottom of the screen and press to save the new settings. • Choose Exit in the submenus to return to the Main Menu. The router can now be accessed via the LAN by Telnet, the Web-based DI-308 Router Configuration Utility (included with the router) and other SNMP management applications.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Configuration and Management After the initial startup (POST) test, the router will prompt you for login and password. This is the opening page of the router’s out-of-band configuration program, called the Console program. The Console program is stored in the Flash memory chips in the router and the settings are written in EEPROM chips in the router. It is the most basic level for configuring and managing the router and the network to which it is connected.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The Main Menu is shown below: As mentioned earlier, your first endeavor should be to increase the automatic timeout. Enter the System Information submenu to do this. System Information This menu contains administrative and system-related information.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • System Description – This is a non-changeable, short description of the product. • System Object ID – This is the enterprise-specific MIB Object ID indicating this type of router. • System Up Time – Shows how long the router has been running since the last power on or reset. • System Contact – Enter the name of the department or individual responsible for maintaining the router. • System Name – Give the router a descriptive name for identification purposes.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router LAN The parameters are described below: • Description – This is a user-defined, 32-character identifier used to name the LAN. • Operation Mode – The LAN port is Auto Negotiation only. • State – This is a toggle to Enable or Disable the LAN interface.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router ISDN The parameters are described below: • Description – This is a user-defined, 32-character identifier used to name the ISDN. • Switch Type – This parameter defines the type of ISDN service used. Currently, the DI-308 only supports DSS-1 type ISDN lines. • B1 and B2 Channel Usage – This defines whether the ISDN line is a leased line or a normal switched line. If you are not using a leased line connection, set this item to Switch.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Flash 0 – disconnect the first phone call established. Flash 1 – disconnect the second phone call established. Flash 2 – switch between the two phone calls. Flash 3 – speak to both parties simultaneously (if conference calling is enabled by your phone company). • POTS Lines – [Plain Old Telephone Service]. Enables or disables phone calls on the Phone 1 and Phone 2 jacks on the rear of the router.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router IP Configuration IP protocol configuration and static routes are configured in the IP Configuration submenu. This menu is shown below: IP Stack Configuration The network interface IP address, mask and protocols are specified in the IP Stack Configuration submenus.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Below, the submenus for both the LAN and ISDN interfaces are shown: 23
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The parameters are described below: • IP Address – This is the IP address for the router on the network to which this interface is connected. • Netmask – This is a 32-bit bit mask that shows how the IP address is to be divided into network, subnet and host parts. The netmask has ones in the bit positions in the 32-bit address which are to be used for the network and subnet parts, and zeros for the host part.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router change) to an adjacent router. The adjacent router must be using the same protocol. Setting this to RIPV1&V2 will give the router the ability to make routing information exchanges with any adjacent router. • Routing Mode – This parameter allows the router to specify the extent to which it partakes in the RIP on this port. The options are described below: 1. None – The router will not participate in any RIP exchange with adjacent routers. 2.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router this feature is enabled, RIP packets will be sent to the other routers on the network telling them that data can still be sent to the WAN via this router. Otherwise, the other routers will learn that the WAN link has been disconnected and will no longer forward packets destined for the WAN to this router, causing the packets to be dropped before Bandwidth on Demand has a chance to reestablish the WAN connection.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • Intf – This is the network interface containing the gateway that the packets will be forwarded through. • State – This enables or disables a particular entry. IP Static Route Examples The IP Static Route Table shown in the example IP Static Route screen above has the first three entries configured for common implementations of static routing. The first entry assumes that ISDN1 has a connection to the Internet and defines the default next hop router.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router when connected to the network, acts as an SNMP agent, a software process that responds to queries using SNMP to provide status and statistics about the router. Following is a description of how to configure the DI-308 for SNMP management. From the Main Menu, select SNMP Agent Configuration. This will bring you to the SNMP Agent Configuration menu, shown above. SNMP Community Configuration Select and enter the SNMP Community Configuration submenu.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The parameters are described below: • SNMP Community String – This community string is a user-defined identifying name used to group together some arbitrary set of SNMP application entities managed by the network manager. • Access Right – This element of the set {Read Only, Read/Write} is called the SNMP access mode. If the SNMP Community String has an Access Right of Read/Write, then that Community String is available as an operand for the get, set, and get next operations.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The parameters are described below: • IP Address – Enter the IP address of the host who will act as an SNMP Management Station. The DI-308 router will send SNMP traps to these addresses. • SNMP Community String – The community string is a user-defined identifying name used to group together some arbitrary set of SNMP application entities managed by the network manager.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Remote Access Configuration The Remote Access Configuration menu is used to set up the router for dial-in and dial-out connections over the ISDN line. An ISDN line has a D channel for establishing connections and two B (Bearer) channels, which transmit and receive the actual signals, whether voice or data.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Remote Operation Overview The DI-308 is very flexible and can be configured for a variety of remote connections. Since configuring the router can be quite complex - depending on the number and type of remote connection(s) you wish to implement – we have described some of the basic functions and procedures below. Dial-In User Connections Dial-in users are defined as a single user on a computer, such as a person working at home, who dials into the office to use network resources.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router 3. Assuming a matching Remote Network Profile is found, the router may configure the IP address of the remote station (as defined in the Remote Network Profile). 4. Configures the specified ISDN Interface (a virtual circuit) using the configuration parameters defined in the Interface Configuration menu and the Remote Network Profile to handle the connection. 5. Establishes the connection on whichever B-channel (physical port) is open by mapping the dial-in interface to that port.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router 34
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Dial Configuration You can configure the two ISDN interfaces on your DI-308 to dial-out only when a packet is forwarded to that interface, and hang up after all data has been transferred and the link is idle. This can be used to lower the cost of an unpopular link or used as a backup link to your ISP. This feature is commonly called “Dial on Demand.” ISDN interfaces can also be configured here to receive calls from dial in users and other networks, called “Remote Access.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The items are described as follows: • IP Address – This is the first IP Address that will be assigned to a dial-in user. • Range – This is the number of IP Addresses that can be assigned. In the window shown above, dial-in users will be assigned the IP Addresses 170.100.200.1 or 170.100.200.2 (only two are necessary since the router used in the examples has only two ISDN ports).
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The parameters are described below: • Dial Retry Time – This is the time (in seconds) the router will wait before the next dial attempt. • Dial Retry Count – This is the specified maximum number of dial attempts the router will make when trying to establish a connection on this interface. • Call Back Delay – This is the time (in seconds) the router will wait before calling the number designated for a specified dial-in user.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Press to access the submenu that appears below: The parameters in the above window are described as follows: • Name – The maximum length is 64 characters. This username is for password challenges (authentication). The user dialing in must supply this username in order to be allowed access to the router. • Password – This is the password associated with the above Name field.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • Rem CLID – Remote Caller ID. This is the telephone number of the Remote User and is used for security. When a phone number is entered in this field, the router will make sure that the incoming call is coming from the same phone number as the one defined here. In other words, the remote user can only be calling from the telephone number defined here, otherwise the call will not be accepted. This function is disabled if the field is left blank.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Press to access the submenu that appears below: • Remote Name – Name for the remote network that the DI-308 is being set up to connect with. • Direction – Dial-[In], dial-[Out], or [Both]. This field defines whether the router on the other network will dial-[In] to the DI-308 to establish a connection, the DI308 will dial-[Out] to the other network, or a connection can be established [Both] ways.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router When this is set to In, the DI-308 will only establish a connection with the other network by receiving calls on the ISDN port specified in the Interface field below. Also, the incoming calls will be subject to the Name, Password and Rem CLID fields in the Incoming section below. When this is set to Out, the router will only make calls on the ISDN interface specified in the Interface field below.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router calling from the telephone number defined here, otherwise the call will not be accepted. This function is disabled if the field is left blank. • Call Back – This field determines whether the router calls back after receiving a call from this Remote Network Profile. If this option is enabled, the router will disconnect the initial call and call back to the phone number that you provide. Note that this field will be valid only if the Direction setting above is Both.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router since many administrative tasks such as keeping track of each computer’s IP address are handled by the router. The DI-308 can implement DHCP in one of the two ways shown below: DHCP Server Configuration When acting as a DHCP server, the DI-308 will manage many of the IP network parameters. The DI-308 will never assign a broadcast or network IP addresses to hosts, even if such an address is included in the specified range.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Dynamic IP Pool The Dynamic IP Pool screen shown below contains the parameters that the router can set on the hosts. Please note that the dynamic IP pool cannot be enabled when the DHCP Agent feature is enabled. The parameters are described below: • IP Address – This is the base (starting) address for the IP pool of IP addresses to be assigned. • Range – This is the range of contiguous, IP addresses, above the base IP Address above.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • WINS IP – This specifies the IP address of the Windows Internet Naming Service server. This server has software that resolves NetBIOS names to IP addresses. • Domain Name – This is the common suffix, shared by networked hosts, used to represent a common network domain. • State – This enables or disables the dynamic IP Pool function. Static IP Pool The Static IP Pool configuration functions in much the same way as the Dynamic IP Pool configuration.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The parameters are described below: • IP Address – This is the static IP address to be assigned. • MAC Address – This specifies the physical address of the particular host that will receive the above IP address. All other parameters (Netmask, Gateway, DNS IP, WINS IP, State, and Domain Name) are identical to those in the Dynamic IP Pool Configuration screen, in the previous section.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Items are described as follows: • DHCP Server IP Address – This is the IP address of the remote DHCP server. When a local computer powers up and sends a DHCP request for an IP address, the DI-308 will forward the request to the address specified here. • Time Threshold – This specifies the maximum amount of time (in seconds) since the host began requesting an IP address. If the value defined here is exceeded, the relay agent will not pass along the request from the host.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The three submenus are described as follows: • Filter State of Interface – This is used to choose the default, routing decisions for packets, not meeting the criteria for specific filters. • Layer 2 Filter – This is a data-link layer (protocol independent) filter. Foreknowledge of the specific protocol, used on the interface (LAN or WANs), is needed to make effective use of this filter.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Each decision on handling packets is described below: 1. Disable – Will not apply a filter. 2. Forward – This allows the routing of a packet, even though it has not met the criteria of the corresponding filter. 3. Drop – This drops (doesn’t allow routing for) a packet that has not met the criteria for the corresponding filter. Layer 2 Filter The Layer 2 Filter submenu contains a protocol independent (data-link layer) filter.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Press to access the following screen: The parameters of a filter are described below: • Name – This is a 12 character (maximum), alphanumeric, user-defined name, used to identify the filter. • Direction – This defines the direction of the frame relative to the Interface parameter below.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • State – This is used to choose the routing decision applied to the frame. The three decisions are described: 1. Forward – This allows the routing of the frame, if it has met the criteria of the corresponding filter. 2. Drop – This drops (doesn’t allow routing for) a specific frame that has met the criteria of the corresponding filter. 3. Disable – This does not apply the protocol independent filter.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Press to access the following screen: The IP Filter parameters are described below: • Name – This is a 12 character (maximum), alphanumeric, user-defined name, used to identify the filter. • Direction – This defines the direction of the packet relative to the Interface parameter below.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • State – This is used to define the routing decision applied to the packet. The three routing decisions are described: 1. Forward – This allows the routing of the packet, if it has met the criteria of the corresponding filter. 2. Drop – This drops (doesn’t allow routing for) a specific packet that has met the criteria of the corresponding filter. 3. Disable – This does not apply the IP filter.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Multiple Home Configuration Besides the IP address assigned to the LAN interface in the Network Configuration menu, the LAN may have up to 3 additional IP interfaces. These additional IP interfaces are referred to as MIP1 to MIP3. This type of configuration is known as a multiple home configuration. Multiple Home can be demonstrated by this example: A company has 625 users (computers) all connected to one physical network using Ethernet.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The parameters are described below: • IP Address – This is a network IP address of a separate IP network on the LAN. • Routing Protocol – This is the same as in the Network Configuration section. Keep in mind that these exchanges are made with adjacent routers on the LAN, if present. • IP Multicasting – This enables or disables IP multicasting on the IP network you are defining.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Press to access the following screen: The parameters are described as follows: • IP Address – This is the IP address of the host you wish to define a static ARP for. • MAC Address – This is the physical address of the host that is the authorized owner of the IP address. • State – This toggles enable or disable.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router NAT Configuration Network Address Translation (NAT) is a routing protocol that allows your network to become a private network that is isolated from, yet connected to the Internet. It does this by changing the IP address of packets from a global IP address usable on the Internet to a local IP address usable on your private network (but not on the Internet) and vice-versa. NAT has two major benefits.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Single Global IP Address 176.220.22.1 ISDN Port Router WAN NAT Translator LAN Port LAN Local IP 192.168.100.1 192.168.100.2 192.168.100.3 192.168.100.4 192.168.100.5 Please note that in the above diagram, the Gateway IP address settings for the local PC’s needs to be set to 192.168.100.1, the LAN IP address of the router. NAT manipulates the IP addresses in packet headers on a one-to-one basis.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The actual information in the NAT table depends whether the router is implementing NAT or NAPT. NAT This section discusses the NAT protocol as opposed to NAPT, which is discussed in the next section. NAT is the initial protocol set forth by RFC 1631 and provides a means in which private networks can communicate with the Internet by using a small number of IP addresses.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Setting Local IP Addresses When implementing NAT and thus creating a private network that is isolated from the Internet, you can assign any IP addresses to host computers without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP Addresses specifically for private networks: Class Beginning Address Ending Address A B C 10.0.0.0 172.16.0.0 192.168.0.0 10.255.255.255 172.31.255.255 192.168.255.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router For any NAT entry, you must configure two different screens. The first one is accessible by positioning the cursor over the name field and hitting (in the window shown above, this corresponds to the field ‘132’). After configuring the NAT options in the Name field, you must save the changes, EXIT, and position the cursor over the NAT IP Pool to configure variables there.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The parameters are described as follows: • Name – This is a 12 character, alphanumeric, user-defined name, used to identify the network address translation. • Global Interface – This is the interface corresponding to the Global IP and Range parameters, in the NAT table, to form unique IP address[es], known to the outside (regional or Internet) routers, on this interface.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The parameters are described below: • Global IP – An IP Address that is globally unique and valid on the Internet. It is the base, global address for the global addresses that will be recognized by the interface in the Global Interface parameter. • Range – This is the range of contiguous, global addresses above (and including) the base Global IP. • Local IP – An IP Address that is only used in the stub domain since it is not unique.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router All of the parameters are the same as in Dynamic NAT, except the Global IP is a solitary, global address. • Global IP – This is a single, globally unique IP Address of the global interface (the interface to which it is assigned, in this case, one of the ISDN interfaces) that is valid on the Internet. Static NAT This screen (below) is how the NAT IP Pool appears, if Static NAT was chosen for the Translation Mode parameter.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The parameters are described as follows: • Global IP – This is a single, global IP Address that is valid on the Internet, or on the same subnet of the global interface. • Local IP – This is a single, local IP Address that is not valid on the Internet. Static NAPT This screen (below) is how the NAT IP Pool appears, if Static NAPT was chosen for the Translation Mode parameter. Each entry in this configuration can be used to map a global address and port to a local address and port.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • Port – This is a destination port number used by TCP and UDP to de-multiplex incoming IP packets. In the above example, incoming packets with the global destination IP Address (211.11.22.3) and global destination TCP/UDP port (21) will be translated to a packet with the local destination IP Address (1.1.1.5) and local TCP/UDP port (21). Port 21 is assigned to FTP servers. Please see Appendix D for more commonly assigned port numbers, or RFC 1700 for a more complete list.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router In the above window, position the cursor on any of the numbered name fields and press . This will take you to the NAPT configuration screen for special applications shown below. The fields in the above window are described as follows: • Protocol – UDP or TCP. This field designates the type of packets that will be acted on.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • Start Port – Some applications can only send data over a certain range of port numbers. Thus, all port numbers in the specified range must be exempt from the NAPT port translation process. This field defines the beginning range of the port numbers to be exempted from the NAPT port translation process. • End Port – This field defines the last port number in the range of numbers excluded from the NAPT process (see Start Port above).
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Telnet/Discovery Enable • Telnet State - This feature enables or disables the router’s ability to be configured over the LAN using Telnet. • Discovery Function – Enabling this feature allows the router to be autodiscovered by D-Link SNMP management software and the included Windowsbased configuration software called RouteMan. DNS Configuration The DI-308 router has a built in recursive DNS server.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The items in the above submenu are described as follows: • DNS Server State – Enables or disables recursive DNS on this router. • Lookup Host Table – Enables or disables DNS to reference up to eight host names defined in the Host Table shown below. • DNS Domain Name – The domain name suffix in which the router resides, to be appended to the host name defined in the host table. • Forward DNS queries to – A large server dedicated to resolving domain names on the Internet.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Items are described as follows: • IP – The IP address for the host. • Host Name – The host name used by the host. • State – Enables or disables entry.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router RADIUS Configuration RADIUS is an authentication protocol where passwords are stored on a RADIUS server. RADIUS allows large numbers of passwords to be stored in a centralized location. Before instituting RADIUS, please setup and install a RADIUS server on the LAN. Items in the above submenu are described as follows: • RADIUS State – Enables or disables RADIUS. When enabled, all settings in the Dial-in User Profile are disabled.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Multi-Link PPP Configuration Multi-link PPP (MLPPP) is a standard (RFC 1990 and RFC 1717) for inverse multiplexing, a method of combining individually dialed channels into a single, higher speed data stream. MLPPP is an extension of PPP that supports the ordering of data packets across multiple channels.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • Bandwidth on Demand – Enables or disables BOD. When enabled, BOD will manage the implementation of MLPPP using the parameters defined in this window. • BOD Criteria – TX, RX, or TX or RX, where TX is Transmit and RX is Receive. The parameter defined here is used when monitoring the BOD High Threshold and BOD Low Threshold.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Demand is enabled and the Idle Time parameter is met. Dial on Demand settings are located in the Advanced Functions, Dial Configuration submenu. Admin Configuration This feature allows you to define two names as well as two passwords, which are used to login to the router for configuration and management, and is shown below: Please note any changes made here as they are necessary for logging into the console program.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router System Status The System Status submenu displays key information about the router and appears as follows: Statistics This feature displays some of the counters contained in MIBII and the proprietary MIB.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router performing a system reset on the router. Note that performing a system reset clears ALL tables in the router, including the routing table. LAN Counter Table • Tx Packets – The total number of valid packets transmitted by the router since the last reset. • Tx Bytes – The total number of bytes transmitted by the router. • Tx Discard Packets – The number of packets dropped by the router.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • Tx Error packets – The number of invalid packets transmitted by the router. This hardware counter shows the sum of Collisions, Abort, and Underrun packets. • Tx Collision Packets – The number of packets sent out of the router that collided on the line. Some collisions are inevitable due to the shared nature of Ethernet. Excessive collisions show excessive utilization of the network.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router ISDN Counter Table • Tx Packets – The total number of valid packets transmitted by the router since the last reset. • Tx Bytes – The total number of bytes transmitted by the router. • Tx Discard Packets – The number of packets dropped by the router. • Tx Error Packets – The number of invalid packets transmitted by the router. This hardware counter shows the sum of Collisions, Abort and Underrun packets. • Tx Underrun Packets – Runt packets.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router misaligned packet will generate a single NOA event regardless of the number of misaligned octets in the packet. • Rx Abort Packet – The number of packets that were dropped due to user generated breaks in the transmission that occurred while a packet is being received. • Rx CRC Packets – The number of packets received that failed the CRC checksum test. • Rx Overrun Packets – The number of packets received that exceed the 1518 octet maximum length imposed on Ethernet packets.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • IP Address – This is the destination, network IP address from an incoming packet. • Netmask – This mask is received from RIP exchanges and internal calculations, as the router learns. • Gateway – This is the next-hop router for which the packet, with destination IP Address and qualifying Netmask, will be forwarded. • If – This is the outgoing interface for which the acceptable, routing packet will be forwarded. • Hops – This is the remaining hop-count.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router ARP Table This Address Resolution Protocol table displays how the router maps individual IP addresses to specific MAC addresses. PPP Table This table displays which PPP protocol is negotiated and its present status. Select an entry and then press .
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Log and Trace This feature files events and errors that occurred and allows individual packets to be captured in a buffer. These items are to help D-Link technical support personnel identify problems that may be affecting your router. If problems occur with your router, D-Link technical support personnel will guide you through the use of these features.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Event/Error Log Log Configuration This option allows you to enable or disable the Event/Error log and begin recording events.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router The following parameters help technical support personnel evaluate events: • Code – A special code for categorizing events. • Port – The interface on which an event occurs. • Time – Tick-times denoting when events occurred. • Data – Data petaining to specific events. Trace Buffer This feature captures packets in a buffer to help D-Link technical support personnel identify problems with your router.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Trace Buffer Configuration Enables or disables the Trace Buffer feature. The contents are described as follows: • Interface – This is the interface from which the packets were captured. • Direction – The incoming or outgoing connection direction.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • State – Enables or disables the trace buffer feature. View Trace Buffer Displays the header of packets captured in the buffer. The contents are described as follows: • Interface – This is the interface from which the packets were captured. • Time – In clock ticks. The time the packet was captured. • Data – The contents of the header of the packet. Packet Triggered Last Call This function enables you to determine what type of packet triggered the last call.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Diagnostic This feature tests the connection between the router and connected peripherals on a given interface. Connection Test This feature tests a dial-out ISDN connection.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • Interface – The ISDN B-channel to be tested. • Phone Number – The phone number that will be dialed by the ISDN Interface. Please ensure that a modem answers the phone on the other end. • Connection Test – Position the cursor over this item and press to begin the test. The router will dial the phone number defined above, try to establish a valid link with the answering ISDN device, and hang up.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • IP Address – This is the IP Address of the device that the router will attempt to reach. The router will check its routing table and try to locate the IP Address. • Count – The number of pings (packets) that will be sent. A value of 0 will cause pings to be sent continuously. • Delay (10ms) – The amount of time in 10 millisecond intervals between each ping in the Count. • Start Ping Test - Press or to begin the test.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Press to access the next screen: • Phone Number – Enter your own phone number here to establish a connection between your ISDN B1 and B2 channels. • Packet Length – [1 to 1500 bytes]. This field allows you to define different sized data packets to test the ISDN line. • Start Test - press or to begin the test.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router System LAN Test The System LAN test is used to diagnose the LAN port. It can only be run if the LAN port is disabled in the Interface Configuration submenu. System ISDN Test This test diagnoses the ISDN ports. It can only be run if the ISDN port is disabled in the Interface Configuration submenu.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Software Update New routing software can be downloaded from a TFTP server. If you do not have a TFTP server on your LAN, you can use the included Router Configuration Utility to upgrade the software. This Windows-based utility has a built-in TFTP emulator enabling you to use the computer (connected to the LAN and running the Configuration Utility) to upload the new software to the router.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router A system restart will not affect the router’s settings, but will clear all tables including the routing table and all SNMP counters and tables. It is also used to initiate a software update. Factory Reset Performing a factory reset erases all settings and tables. All configuration changes ever made to the router will be deleted. The router will be set to the factory defaults it was shipped with and will no longer have an IP address.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Please make sure you wish to wipe out all settings and configure the router from scratch before you perform a factory reset. System Settings Backup/Restore The backup and restore system setting functions are used to backup the router settings. The files created by this process are different than a configuration file or the software update file that are used in the Software Update submenu.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router After filling in the top three fields, select Start Backup and then press . Items in the windows above and below include: • Remote IP Address – This is the IP address of the TFTP server on which you wish to store the settings file. • TFTP Time Interval – The time between requests to occupy TFTP server time. If the router doesn’t receive a response (ACK) from the TFTP server within the time interval defined here, it will assume the request has been dropped and send another.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router After filling in the top three fields, select Start Restore and then press .
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router PROM System Configuration The PROM program is run before the normal console (runtime) configuration program in the router’s Flash Memory. Thus, the PROM System Configuration can be used if there are problems with the router’s console program.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router System Configuration The parameters are described as follows: • Hardware Revision – This is the version ID of hardware used in this router. • Boot PROM Firmware Version – This is the version ID of firmware used in this router. • MAC Address – This is the physical address for this router.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router TCP/IP Parameters Configuration The parameters are described as follows: • Interface – The LAN interface must use Ethernet/Fast Ethernet and is displayed here. This setting cannot be adjusted. • IP Address – This is the router’s IP Address for the LAN interface. • Subnet Mask – This mask shows how the LAN is to be divided into network, subnet and host parts. • Default Gateway – This is the default gateway for the LAN.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router A system reset will not affect the router’s settings, but will clear all tables including the routing table and all SNMP counters and tables. It is also used to initiate a software update. Software Update The Software Update option is used to change the software in the flash memory of the router. This is the runtime software that is configured by the console and is used to setup the router and is described in full in the preceding chapter.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Items listed in the above menu are described as follows: • Software Update Control – This toggles Disable and Enable. • Software Update Mode – This specifies downloading the image file from a Network server on the local LAN. • Boot Protocol – This setting is for a local network download and has two options TFTP ONLY and BOOTP&TFTP. • TFTP ONLY – a File Transfer Protocol. Using this setting assumes all other items on this screen have been filled out.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router path defined in the above Boot File Name. Please ensure that the path and file name of the image file is listed in the configuration file. If set to No, the update procedure will try to find an image file at the Boot File Name path. Please see Appendix F, “Configuration File” for more information about configuration files.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Using Telnet The DI-308 router can be configured and managed using Telnet. Telnet accesses the same built-in configuration program as the RS-232 Diagnostic port console connection. As such, all settings that can be adjusted through the console can also be configured using Telnet. Telnet Configuration In order to use Telnet, the DI-308 router must first be configured using a console connected to the RS-232 Diagnostic port.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router System Timeout When you are connected to your DI-308 via Telnet, there is a system timeout (in the System Information submenu), adjustable to a maximum of 90 minutes. If you are logged onto the device and leave it inactive for this timeout period, the router will automatically disconnect you.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Using RADIUS Authentication In addition to the dial-in user list, which can hold up to eight users, this model also supports an external authentication server which may provide password storage and usage accounting for thousands of users. Installing a RADIUS Server To use RADIUS authentication, you will need to have a Unix- or Windows NTbased machine on your network to act as a RADIUSd server, as well as a copy of the RADIUSd server program itself.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router • RADIUS State – Use to Enable or Disable RADIUS. • Type – Refers to the type of external password protocol. Currently, only RADIUS is supported. • Server IP Address – This is the IP Address of your Unix- or NT-based RADIUS server. • Port – The port number for the RADIUS server. The standard port number specified by RFC 1700 is 1812 (shown above). • Key – This is a shared secret used to identify the DI-308 as a valid RADIUS client.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Appendix A - Troubleshooting This chapter contains some problems you may run into when using your router. After each problem description, we have provided some instructions to help you diagnose and solve the problem. Some Common Problems with the DI-308 None of the LEDs are on when you power up the router • Check the power cord and the power supply and make sure it is properly connected to your DI-308. If the error persists, you may have a hardware problem.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router 3. Verify with your network administrator that the IP address and the IP subnet mask configured in the Network Configuration, IP Configuration, IP Stack Configuration, LAN submenu of the console program are valid for that LAN. 4. Check the physical Ethernet cable, and make sure the connections on the router and the switch or station are secure. 5.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Appendix B - IP Concepts This appendix describes some basic IP concepts, the TCP/IP addressing scheme and show how to assign IP Addresses. When setting up the router, you must make sure all ports to be utilized on the router have valid IP addresses. Even if you will not use the ISDN or WAN ports, you should, at the very least, make sure the LAN port is assigned a valid IP address.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Note: All network addresses outside of these ranges (Class D and E) are either reserved or set aside for experimental networks or multicasting. When an IP address's host portion contains only zero(s), the address identifies a network and not a host. No physical device may be given such an address. The network portion must start with a value from 1 to 126 or from 128 to 223.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Appendix C – IP Protocol and Port Numbers Common Internet service protocols and IP port numbers.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Appendix D - Technical Specifications General Ports Number of Ports: 8 Ethernet ports 2 Analog phone ports 1 Console port RJ-45 RJ-11 DB-9 RS-232 DCE LED Readout Power Test ISDN Ethernet Phone Link, B1, B2 Link/Act, 100/10M, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 1,2 LAN Standard LAN Protocol Data Transfer Rates Network Cables 10BASE-T: 2-pair UTP Cat.3, 4, 5 (100m max. length) 100BASE-TX: 2-pair UTP Cat. 5 (100m max. length) IEEE 802.3/802.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Ventilation Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Humidity Dimensions Emissions (EMI) Safety Fanless 0 - 50 C (32 - 122 F) -25 - 55 C (-13 - 131 F) 5% - 95% non-condensing 220mm x 166mm x 45mm (8 3/5" x 6 1/2" x 1 3/4") FCC Class B, CE Mark, C-Tick UL (UL1950), CSA (CSA950) 114
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Appendix E – Country ID Numbers Please refer to the list below for country ID numbers used to configure the ISDN interface of the router.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Appendix F – Configuration File The router can be configured when performing a Software Update through a configuration file. The configuration file can hold many settings for the router including IP Addresses for all ports, path to the boot server, and various port settings. The configuration file is very useful if you wish to update your software and keep all or most of your settings the same. The configuration file should be saved with the extension .
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router ip-address 202.39.74.115 # subnet mask ip-netmask 255.255.255.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Index A/B Adapter, 8 Access Right, 36 Admin Configuration, 82 Advanced Functions, 37 Age, 88 ARP request, 40 ARP Table, 89 Auth Type, 39 automatic timeout, 24 B (Bearer) channels, 38 Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol, 9 Bandwidth Allocation Protocol, 9 Bandwidth on Demand, 38, 81 Bandwidth On Demand. See BOD BAP.
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Internet, 10, 40 IP Address, 31, 37, 63, 107 IP Address Supply, 46, 49 IP Addresses, 117 IP Concepts, 117 IP Configuration, 29 IP Filter, 55, 58 IP Multicasting, 32, 62 IP Network Classes, 117 IP Networking, 34 IP Ping Test, 96 IP Port Numbers, 119 IP Protocol, 119 IP Protocol Numbers, 119 IP Routing Table, 87 IP STACK, 31 IP Stack Configuration, 29 IP Static Route, 33 IP Static Route Table, 34 IP Static Routes, 40 ISDN, 13, 27, 30 ISDN Counter Table, 86 ISDN Interface, 40 ISDN L1
DI-308 ISDN Remote Router Set Peer IP as default Gateway, 48 Simple Network Management Protocol.
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