GigE Vision Area Scan Camera ™ CA-GENM-MUM00 www.imaging.com Genie Monochrome Series Camera User’s Manual Genie Framework 1.
© 2007 DALSA All information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. No responsibility is assumed by DALSA for its use. DALSA reserves the right to make changes to this information without notice. Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part, by any means, is prohibited without prior permission having been obtained from DALSA. Microsoft is a registered trademark; Windows®, Windows 2000®, and Windows XP®, are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Contents GENIE MONOCHROME SERIES OVERVIEW .....................................................................................5 DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................................5 Genie Application Advantages..........................................................................................................6 PRODUCT PART NUMBERS ........................................................................
Access Via CamExpert....................................................................................................................31 Power-up Configuration .......................................................................................................................... 32 Camera Information via Sapera LT or GenICam Applications......................................................33 SENSOR CONTROLS ..............................................................................................
SAPERA SUPPORTED FEATURES LIST ......................................................................................................68 Accessing Features with Sapera++ LT ..........................................................................................68 Feature Type STRING.....................................................................................................................69 Feature Type ENUM...........................................................................................
Ethernet Switch Requirements ........................................................................................................98 Ethernet to Fiber-Optic Interface Requirements ............................................................................99 EC & FCC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY .........................................................................................100 TROUBLESHOOTING...........................................................................................................
Genie Monochrome Series Overview Description The Genie monochrome camera family form a series of affordable, easy to use digital cameras specifically engineered for industrial imaging applications. Genie cameras combine standard gigabit Ethernet technology with the DALSA Trigger-to-Image-Reliability framework to dependably capture and transfer images from the camera to the host PC.
Genie Application Advantages • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Compact, rugged design GigE Vision 1.0 compliant Gigabit Ethernet (GigE) interconnection to a computer via standard CAT5e or CAT6 cables Connection to the host computer NIC through a GigE network switch Available in variety of resolutions, each supporting 8-bit or 10-bit acquisitions Lookup table pre-processing Real-time shading correction (i.e.
Product Part Numbers This manual covers the five monochrome Genie models summarized below. See "Camera Performance Specifications" on page 8 for each Genie model. Camera Sensor Size Resolution Pixel size (µm) Genie M640-1/2 1/2 in 640 x 480 9.9 x 9.9 Genie M640-1/3 1/3 in 640 x 480 Genie M1024 1/3 in 1024 x 768 Genie M1400 1/2 in Genie M1600 1/1.8 in fps Product Number (full frame) 64 CR-GEN0-M6400 7.4 x 7.4 64 CR-GEN3-M6400 4.65 x 4.65 20 CR-GEN0-M1020 1360 x 1024 4.65 x 4.
Camera Performance Specifications Specifications for each available sensor are listed after the general Genie camera specifications. Camera Controls Synchronization Modes Free running and Triggered Synchronous and Reset mode Software trigger (through Ethernet) Exposure Modes Programmable (1µs granularity) Pulse controlled Trigger Input Opto-isolated, 2V to 12V typical, 2mA min.
Certifications CE EN55022, class A, EN61000-4-2, EN61000-4-3, EN61000-4-4, EN61000-4-6, FCC Part 15, class A Radio Disturbance Characteristics Electrostatic discharge immunity test Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields see "EC & FCC Declaration of Conformity" on page 100 RoHS Compliancy as per European directive 2002/95/EC (applies to camera part numbers CR-GENx
Genie M640-1/2 Specifications Item / Feature Specification Imager Format Full frame interline CCD area scan with square pixel Sensor Sony ICX414AL Resolution 640 x 480 pixels Minimum Frame Rate (free-running) 0.1 fps (one frame every 10 seconds) Maximum Frame Rate (free-running) 64 fps Maximum Exposure 1 / frame rate - 100μs Pixel Size 9.9µm x 9.
Genie M640-1/3 Specifications Item / Feature Specification Imager Format Full frame interline CCD area scan with square pixel Sensor Sony ICX424AL Resolution 640 x 480 pixels Minimum Frame Rate (free-running) 0.1 fps (one frame every 10 seconds) Maximum Frame Rate (free-running) 64 fps Maximum Exposure 1 / frame rate - 100μs Pixel Size 7.4µm x 7.
Genie M1024 Specifications Item / Feature Specification Imager Format Full frame interline CCD area scan with square pixel Sensor Sony ICX204AL Resolution 1024 x 768 pixels Minimum Frame Rate (free-running) 0.1 fps (one frame every 10 seconds) Maximum Frame Rate (free-running) 20 fps Maximum Exposure 1 / frame rate - 100μs Pixel Size 4.65μm (H) × 4.
Genie M1400 Specifications Item / Feature Specification Imager Format Full frame interline CCD area scan with square pixel Sensor ICX267AL Resolution 1360 x 1024 pixels Minimum Frame Rate (free-running) 0.1 fps (one frame every 10 seconds) Maximum Frame Rate (free-running) 15 fps Maximum Exposure 1 / frame rate - 100μs Pixel Size 4.65µm (H) x 4.
Genie M1600 Specifications Item / Feature Specification Imager Format Full frame interline CCD area scan with square pixel Sensor Sony ICX274AL Resolution 1600 x 1200 pixels Minimum Frame Rate (free-running) 0.1 fps (one frame every 10 seconds) Maximum Frame Rate (free-running) 12 fps Maximum Exposure 1 / frame rate - 100μs Pixel Size 4.40μm (H) × 4.
Application Development Overview Sapera LT Library with optional Processing Sapera LT is a powerful development library for image acquisition and control. Sapera LT provides a single API across current and future DALSA hardware. Sapera LT delivers a comprehensive feature set including program portability, versatile camera controls, flexible display functionality and management, plus easy to use application development wizards.
16 • Genie Monochrome Series Overview Genie Monochrome Series-GigE Vision Camera
Installing the Genie Camera Warning! (Grounding Instructions) Static electricity can damage electronic components. Please discharge any static electrical charge by touching a grounded surface, such as the metal computer chassis, before performing any hardware installation. If you do not feel comfortable performing the installation, please consult a qualified technician.
Using Genie with a VLAN Ethernet Switch An Ethernet switch supporting VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) allows multiple isolated subnets to exist on the same switch. Within each VLAN group, the Genie camera and controlling computer will behave identically as if connected to a simple Ethernet switch. But each VLAN group is isolated from each other, Therefore a Genie in one VLAN group is never seen by a computer on a different VLAN group.
Installation Overview • Inspect all cables and connectors prior to their use. Do not use faulty cables or connectors to avoid camera damage. • Before connecting power to the camera, test all power supplies. Power supplies must meet the requirements defined in section "Genie Signal Electrical Details" on page 91. Apply power to the camera. • Connect Genie to the computer GigE network adapter or to the Ethernet switch via a CAT5e or CAT6 Ethernet cable.
Genie CD Package Installation The Genie Framework software package and Sapera runtime provides all components required to control the Genie with the supplied CamExpert tool. Genie Framework software components include the Network Imaging driver, the Sapera GigE server, and CamExpert (if Sapera LT library is not installed). Note: If Sapera application development is required, install Sapera (6.0 or later) as described in the previous section. Procedure • Insert the DALSA Genie CD-ROM.
Connect the Genie Camera Connect a power supply to the Genie camera and an Ethernet cable from the Genie to the host computer. Once communication with the host computer is started the automatic IP configuration sequence will assign an LLA IP address as described in section "Genie IP Configuration Sequence" on page 23, or a DHCP IP address if a DHCP server is present on your network.
Status LED Codes The camera is equipped with a LED to display the operational status of the camera. When more than one condition is active, the LED color indicates the condition with the highest priority (such as an acquisition in progress has more priority than a valid IP address assignment). The following table summarizes the LED states and corresponding camera status.
Typical LED States on Power Up The following LED sequence occurs when the Genie is powered up connected to a network with installed Genie Framework software. Red power connected Flashing Blue waiting for IP Blue IP assigned Green application connected Genie IP Configuration Sequence The Genie IP (Internet Protocol) Configuration sequence to assign an IP address is executed automatically on camera power-up or when connected to a network.
In the event that the device is physically connected, but the Sapera GigE Server icon is indicating that the connected device is not recognized, click Scan Network to restart the discovery process. Note that the GigE server periodically scans the network automatically to refresh its state. See "Troubleshooting" on page 101 for network problems.
Select NIC Advanced Configuration Properties • From the Start menu go to Settings • Control Panel • Network Connections and select the NIC used to connect the Genie to. • Open the Properties for the Ethernet GigE NIC used with the Genie. • Click the Configure button. GigE NIC Configuration • Click on the Advanced tab. Modify the values for Receive Descriptors and Jumbo Frames as follows. Receive Descriptors • Select the 'Receive Descriptors' property.
Jumbo Frames • Select the 'Jumbo Frames' property. • Change the value to the largest supported by the installed NIC. The Genie can then be configured to use its maximum Jumbo Frames size (currently 9000). In this example the NIC value is set to 9014. GigE NIC Jumbo Frames Running the Network Configuration Tool Once the GigE Server discovers a device, start the Network Configuration tool to verify and modify the network configuration of the imaging system. See "Network Configuration Tool" on page 79.
The Network Configuration Tools allows you to: • Configure the Windows firewall exception list • Activate the Network Imaging driver use for image acquisition on any NIC • Configure the NIC and camera IP settings Updating Genie Firmware The Genie firmware may need to be updated to correspond with the currently used Genie software framework. After installing the new Genie software package and Genie camera, update the firmware by following this procedure.
• The firmware update is complete when the lower message output area says "Device reset complete". Close the Device Manager program. • Genie cameras manufactured in 2007 or later will display the following status LED sequence while initializing with the new firmware. • Status LED will flash red then go off. • Both LAN LEDs will flash repeatedly for a short time. • Status LED will flash red then go off again. • Both LAN LEDs will flash repeatedly for a short time again.
Quick Test with CamExpert When the Genie camera is directly connected to a Gigabit network adapter on a host computer or via a network switch, testing the installation with CamExpert is a straightforward procedure. • Start Sapera CamExpert by double clicking the desktop icon created during the Genie software installation. • CamExpert will search for installed Sapera devices.
About the User-Defined Camera Name The Genie can be programmed with a user-defined name to aid identifying multiple cameras connected to the network. For instance, on an inspection system with 4 cameras, the first camera might be labeled “top view”, the second “left view”, the third “right view” and the last one “bottom view”. The factory default user name is set to match the camera serial number for quick initial identification.
Operational Reference Camera and Sensor Information Camera and sensor information can be retrieved via a controlling application. Parameters such as camera model, firmware version, sensor characteristics, etc. are read to uniquely identify the connected Genie device. All these features, with the exception of the DeviceUserId, are read-only. Sapera LT or GenICam calls are used to retrieve this information and correctly identify the camera along with its characteristics.
Read Only Parameters Parameter Description Device Vendor For the Genie Monochrome series, this is always DALSA. Device Model Name Displays the device model name (for example, Genie M640). Device Version Displays the device version. Firmware Version Displays the currently loaded firmware version. Device ID Displays the camera serial number. MAC Address Displays the unique MAC (Media Access Control) address of the Genie camera.
Camera Information via Sapera LT or GenICam Applications Genie Sapera parameters for Camera and Sensor Information: Sapera Interface = {GigE Vision} DeviceVendorName = “DALSA” DeviceModelName = “Genie M640” for Genie M640 DeviceVersion = String representing the version of the camera FirmwareVersion = String representing the version of the camera firmware DeviceID = String representing the camera serial number MACAddress = String representing the camera MAC address DeviceUserID = String representing the us
Sensor Controls Genie provides a number of sensor controls to optimize image acquisitions for most imaging solutions. Following is an overview of the CamExpert controls displaying this information, followed by individual control function descriptions and tables indicating the feature name associated to Sapera LT and to GenICam development environments. Sensor Parameters: Controls Via CamExpert The Sensor Parameters tab groups the parameters related to the camera sensor configuration for acquisition.
User Set Parameters Parameter Description Frame Rate (in Hz) Specifies the internal trigger frame rate for free run mode, in Hz. Possible values range from 0.1 to 64.0 Hz for Genie M640 in full scan mode. (Note: the Sapera SDK specifies the frame rate in milliHertz). The maximum frame rate increases by using binning (see below) or partial scan (see "Partial Scan—Window ROI" on page 37). Gain (in dB) Specifies the sensor analog Gain factor, in dB. Possible values range from –6.0 to 12.0 dB, in 0.
Gain and Black Level Controls The Genie series of monochrome cameras provide gain and black level adjustments for the analog signal from each CCD pixel, before the analog to digital conversion. The software gain and black level controls can make small compensations to the acquisition in situations where lighting varies and the lens iris can not be easily adjusted. The user can evaluate Gain and Black Level by using CamExpert. Features and limitations are described below.
Partial Scan—Window ROI Partial Scan (vertical cropping) The Partial Scan mode, also know as vertical cropping, reduces the number of video lines grabbed for a frame. By not scanning the full vertical area of the sensor, the maximum possible acquisition frame rate is proportionately increased (as an extreme example, the M640 scanning a one line frame, exposed around 589fps).
Partial Scan (horizontal cropping) Genie also can crop the acquisition horizontally by grabbing less pixels on each horizontal line. Additionally a horizontal offset value will start the grab from any pixel count, as shown in the following figure. Note that horizontal cropping does not increase the maximum frame rate due to the CCD readout architecture.
Window ROI Control via Sapera LT or GenICam Applications Genie Sapera parameters for Partial Scan and Window ROI: Sapera Width = Buffer width in pixels Height = Buffer height in lines OffsetX = Horizontal Offset in pixels of the leftmost pixel relative to the sensor OffsetY = Vertical offset in lines of the uppermost pixel relative to the sensor PixelFormat = {Monochrome 8-bit, Monochrome 10-bit} See "Accessing Features with Sapera++ LT" on page 68.
CamExpert Image Buffer and ROI Parameters CamExpert provides controls to configure acquisitions via the Image Buffer and ROI Parameters tab. The image buffer can be easily cropped as desired. Below is the CamExpert dialog and parameter descriptions follow. Parameter Description Pixel Format For the Genie Monochrome series, the image buffer format is Monochrome 8-bit or 10-bit. Width (in Pixels) Displays the image buffer width (X axis), in pixels.
Binning Binning is the process where the charge on two (or more) adjacent pixels is combined. This results in increased light sensitivity since there is twice the sensor area to capture photons. The sensor spatial resolution is reduced but the improved low-light sensitivity plus lower signal-noise ratio may solve a difficult imaging situation. The user can evaluate binning by using CamExpert. Genie supports horizontal and vertical binning independently, by a factor of 2 in each axis.
Binning Control via Sapera LT or GenICam Applications Genie Sapera parameters for Binning: Sapera BinningHorizontal = {Disabled = 1, 2 pixels = 2} BinningVertical = {Disabled = 1, 2 lines = 2} In CamExpert, these parameters are available under the “Sensor” tab. See "Accessing Features with Sapera++ LT" on page 68.
Exposure Controls Exposure Control modes define the method and timing of how to control the sensor integration period. The integration period is the amount of time the sensor is exposed to incoming light before the video frame data is transmitted to the controlling computer. • Exposure control is defined as the start of exposure and exposure duration. • The start of exposure can be an internal timer signal (free-running mode), an external trigger signal, or a software function call trigger.
External Trigger Programmable Exposure • Also known as “Edge Pre-select” exposure. See the timing diagram below. • The external trigger edge initiates the exposure process. The active external trigger edge can be selected as either the low-high or high-low transition. • The delay from active trigger edge to start of exposure is programmable from 1μs to 4 seconds (1μs steps) . • Exposure duration is programmable from 100μs to 4 seconds (1μs steps).
External Trigger Level-controlled Exposure • Also known as “Pulse Width Control” exposure. See the timing diagram below. • The external trigger edge initiates the exposure process. The active external trigger edge can be selected as either the low-high or high-low transition. • No delay from active trigger edge to start of exposure. • Exposure is stopped by the opposite edge on the trigger signal. Therefore the exposure time is defined by the trigger pulse duration.
Synchronization Timing Genie supports two types of sensor synchronization used to align the exposure to sensor timing: • Synchronous Mode: Exposure is synchronous to the line timing of the sensor. Exposure granularity is 1µs and the readout can be concurrent to the exposure for the fastest possible frame rate. • Reset Mode: Timing is reset to initiate exposure of next frame. Exposure granularity is 1µs, but readout must be sequential to exposure, reducing the maximum achievable frame rate.
Reset Mode • Exposure starts immediately after a valid trigger. There is no jitter on the start of exposure. • Exposure time is programmable or controlled by the trigger pulse width. • Minimum exposure is 100 µs – maximum is 4 seconds, with control steps of 1µs. • Sensor readout must complete before the next exposure can start. That is, exposure and readout are sequential. Therefore, the maximum frame rate is lower than for Synchronous mode.
CamExpert I/O Controls Dialog CamExpert groups the Genie I/O Controls Parameters in one group. These parameters allow configuring the Genie inputs and outputs for type of signal and signal polarity. The screen capture below shows the CamExpert I/O parameters dialog and is followed by a descriptive overview. Detailed information on inputs and outputs follow this section. I/O Controls Dialog Parameter Description Trigger Enables or disables the Genie camera trigger.
General Inputs External Input Signal Opto-coupler & Debounce Circuit • Genie provides two sets of opto-coupled inputs for either RS422 or TTL signals. These can be used as external trigger sources. • See "12-Pin Hirose Connector Signal Details" on page 90 for connector pinout and electrical information. The cable shell and shield should electrically connect the Genie chassis to computer chassis for maximum EMI protection.
Input Controls via Sapera LT or GenICam Applications Genie Sapera parameters for Trigger Modes and General Inputs: Sapera TriggerDelayToIntegration = Delay in µs from trigger to exposure TriggerEnable = {FALSE, TRUE} TriggerSource = {Input 1 = 0, Input 2 = 1, Software = 2} TriggerSoftware = {FALSE, TRUE} FramesPerTrigger = Frame count 1 to 64k PolarityInput_x = {Active High = 0, Active Low = 1} DebounceInput_x = debouncing period in µs (from 1 to 255 µs) See "Accessing Features with Sapera++ LT" on page 6
Strobe and General Outputs Genie provides two sets of opto-coupled outputs (see "External Outputs" on page 92). These can be used as a strobe signal to control lighting or to generate programmable pulses when specific events are generated by the camera. They can also be set to a static state (close or open) by the application. See "12-Pin Hirose Connector Signal Details" on page 90 for connector pinout and electrical information.
When an event mode is selected, its trigger output schematic or signal timing diagram is displayed, as well as any other additional parameters for the mode. For most event modes, the trigger output signal can be set to either Active Open (that is high with the load connected to a voltage source) or Active Closed (where current is drawn through the load). The output delay can be set from 0 to 4 seconds, in increments of 1 µs. The pulse duration can be set from 100µs to 4 seconds, in increments of 1 µs.
Pulse On Valid Trigger Event Mode The Pulse On Valid Trigger event mode generates an output signal when a valid input trigger is received. Pulse On Invalid Trigger Event Mode This event mode generates an output signal when an invalid input trigger is received. An invalid trigger is any trigger received while the camera is engaged in frame acquisition (exposure and readout) and cannot accept trigger inputs. This is shown by the trigger exclusion region in the following diagram.
Pulse On Start of Readout Event Mode The Pulse On Start of Readout event mode generates an output signal when the camera begins a readout operation from the sensor. Pulse On End of Readout Event Mode The Pulse On End of Readout event mode generates an output signal when the camera finishes a readout operation from the sensor.
Pulse On End of Acquisition Event Mode The Pulse On End of Acquisition event mode generates an output signal when the acquisition process is terminated using software. Pulse On Input 1 or Input 2 Event Modes The Pulse On Input 1 or Input 2 event modes generate an output signal when the specified input signal is asserted.
Output Control via Sapera LT or GenICam Applications Genie Sapera parameters for Strobe and General Outputs. See "Accessing Features with Sapera++ LT" on page 68.
Simplified Genie LUT Block Diagram (8-bit example) Sensor & A/D Circuit Pixel Data 0 255 1 254 2 253 3 252 Output Circuit ... ...
Flat Field (Image Shading) Correction Image Shading correction, also know as Flat Field Correction is the process of eliminating small gain differences between pixels in a sensor array. That sensor when exposed to a uniformly lit field will have no gray level differences between pixels when calibrated flat field correction is applied to the image. The Genie camera stores flat field correction data until power off or in its user setting state for recall at any time (see "Power-up Configuration" on page 32).
CamExpert Flat Field Calibration Menu • Click on the Advanced Setting button to change the default number of frames averaged for each calibration step. The default value is 10 frames. • Setup the camera to capture a uniform black image. Black paper with no illumination and the camera lens’ iris closed to minimum can provide such a black image. • Click on Acquire Black Image. The flat field calibration tool will grab video frames, analyze the pixel gray level spread, and present the statistics.
Using Flat Field Correction From the CamExpert menu bar enable Flat Field correction (Pre-Processing • Flat Field Correction • Hardware). Now when doing a live grab or snap, the incoming image is corrected by the current flat field calibration data for each pixel. Use the menu function Tools • Flat Field Correction • Load to load in a flat field correction image from previously saved calibration data. CamExpert allows saving and loading calibration data for all cameras used with the imaging system.
Image Flip Horizontal The Genie supports a software controlled horizontal flip function as shown in the following figure. The process is done in hardware with no loss of acquisition frame rate. Horizontal Flip Vertical As shown in the following figure, a vertical flip function is simply accomplished by mounting the Genie camera upside down and by programming the camera to do a horizontal flip. Genie provides identical mounting holes on both its top and bottom side to ease installations.
Internal Image Test Patterns The Genie camera includes a built in test pattern generator that can be used to confirm camera Ethernet connections or driver installations, without the need for a camera lens or proper lighting. The pattern generator inserts video just after the sensor A/D converter, therefore Genie processing such as the LUT act on the generator images or on sensor images. CamExpert is used to easily enable and select the Genie test patterns.
Test Image Select via Sapera LT or GenICam Applications Genie Sapera parameters for Image Test Patterns: Sapera TestImageSelector = {Off = 0, Grey Horizontal Ramp = 1, Grey Vertical Ramp = 2, Grey Diagonal Ramp Moving = 3, Purity = 4} In CamExpert, these parameters are available in the “Sensor” tab. See "Accessing Features with Sapera++ LT" on page 68.
Acquisition Device Event Name (case sensitive strings) Description Start of Trigger Trigger is valid based on the programmed trigger parameters Start of Exposure Exposure has started End of Exposure Exposure is complete Feature Value Changed Parameter value is changed Feature Info Changed Configuration parameter is changed Invalid Trigger Trigger event (software or external) was invalid Input Event 0 External Input # 1 has received a valid signal Input Event 1 External Input # 2 has receive
Network Controls & GigE Vision Parameters This section describes how to optimize the network configuration for maximum Genie bandwidth. Optimization of these parameters is highly dependent on the number of cameras connected to a NIC, the data rate of each camera and the trigger modes used. Important: Laptop computers may have issues even with a GigE NIC port, either built in or as a PCMCIA device.
Parameter Description Network Configuration Mode Specifies the Network Configuration Mode as either Automatic, Manual, or Optimize. In general use Optimize mode. Some computers, especially laptops, may require manual optimization of network parameters. The following parameters can be modified when Manual mode is selected. Inter-Packet Delay (in sec) Specifies the inter-packet delay, in sec. The range of permitted values is 0.000000 to 0.065535.
Genie Power-up Configuration On power up the Genie camera initializes to a factory default state which sets the camera with neutral parameters and in free run mode. The default state ensures that the camera is ready for acquisition. Genie also provides storage for one user-defined state. This user state allows quick camera configuration for a known repeatable imaging system. The following table describes the camera parameters stored in the user state.
Power-up Control via Sapera LT or GenICam Applications Genie Sapera parameters for Power-up Configuration: Sapera Power-upConfig = {Factory Default = 0, Camera Configuration 1 = 1} SaveCameraConfigurationSelector = {Camera Configuration 1 = 1} SaveCameraConfiguration = Write to save selected camera configuration LoadCameraConfigurationSelector = {Factory Default = 0, Camera Configuration 1 = 1} LoadCameraConfiguration = Write to load selected camera configuration In CamExpert, these parameters are availab
Feature Type STRING Feature Name Access Type Value Server Name RO STRING Genie_M640_1 (example) Number of Features RO STRING (number dependent on firmware version) DeviceVendorName RO STRING DALSA DeviceModelName RO STRING Genie M640 (example) DeviceVersion RO STRING 1452 (example) FirmwareVersion RO STRING version 7630 (example) DeviceID RO STRING S1234567 (example) MACAddress RO STRING 00:01:0D:11:01:2A (example) DeviceUserID RW STRING Inspection-1 (user set example)
LUTFormat (dependent on camera model) RO ENUM Mono 8 - Unsigned = 16844800 Mono 8 - Signed = 285280256 Mono 9 - Unsigned = 16779520 Mono 9 - Signed = 285214976 Mono 10 - Unsigned = 16779776 Mono 10 - Signed = 285215232 RGB = 1124075520 TriggerSource RW ENUM Input 1 = 0 Input 2 = 1 Software = 2 OutputSelectorOutput_1 RW ENUM Open = 0 Close = 1 Strobe On: Start of Exposure = 2 Pulse On: Valid Trigger = 4 Pulse On: Invalid Trigger = 5 Pulse On: Start of Readout = 6 Pulse On: End of Readout = 7 Pulse
Feature Type INT32 The feature list for type INT32 has an additional column 'Exponent' which defines the feature's native unit. This exponent value is used as a unit multiplier so that the feature value is expressed as an integer, not a decimal number. • As an example from the following table, the Genie frame rate is 60000 with an exponent of 3. Therefore the frame rate native unit is mHz. The current value shown – 60000 mHz, is actually 60.000 Hz.
Note 1: not displayed in CamExpert; not saved in a camera configuration file (CCF) Feature Type BOOL Feature Name Access Type Value LUTEnable RW BOOL True/False TriggerEnable RW BOOL True/False TriggerSoftware RW BOOL True/False FlatFieldEnable RW BOOL True/False SaveCameraConfiguration WO BOOL True/False LoadCameraConfiguration WO BOOL True/False Feature Interdependence Diagrams The following diagrams describe operational feature availability which are dependent on user selecte
Trigger Enable - TRUE Trigger Enable TRUE Trigger Source Software Exposure Mode Programmable Input 1 Exposure Time Input 2 Exposure Mode Programmable Exposure Time Pulse Controlled Exposure Time Trigger Delay to Integration Exposure Alignment Synchronous Reset Frame Rate Exposure Time Software Trigger Frame Per Trigger Trigger Enable - FALSE Trigger Enable FALSE Trigger Source Exposure Mode Programmable Exposure Time Trigger Delay to Integration Exposure Alignment Frame Rate Exposure Time
Output Selector Output X Selector Output X Pulse Delay Open Close Output X Pulse Duration Strobe On: Start of Exposure Output X Polarity Pulse On: End of Exposure Pulse On: Valid Trigger Pulse On: Invalid Trigger Pulse On: Start of Readout Pulse On: End of Readout Output X Pulse Delay Pulse On: End of Acquisition Output X Pulse Duration Output X Polarity Vertical Binning Vertical Binning 1 Line (Off) 2 Lines Buffer Height Buffer Top Buffer Top Buffer Height Buffer Top Frame Rate Exposure Time B
Pixel Format Pixel Format 8-Bit 10-bit SaperaBufferFormat PixelSize LUTFormat LUTNumberEntries FlatFieldEnable Network Configuration Mode Network Configuration Mode Automatic Optimize Manual Packet Size Heartbeat Timeout Inter-Packet Delay Max Packet Resend Packet Size Heartbeat Timeout Inter-Packet Delay Max Packet Resend Genie Monochrome Series-GigE Vision Camera Operational Reference • 75
76 • Operational Reference Genie Monochrome Series-GigE Vision Camera
Network Tools IP Configuration Mode Details The following descriptions provide more information on the IP configuration modes supported by Genie. In general automatic IP configuration assignment is sufficient for most Genie installations. Link-Local Address (LLA) • LLA is also known as Auto-IP. It is used for unmanaged networks including direct connections from a GigE Vision device to a dedicated NIC. • A subnet configured with LLA cannot send packets across routers but only via Ethernet switches.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) • This Genie IP configuration mode requires a DHCP server to allocate an IP address dynamically. The Genie must be configured to have DHCP enabled. This is the factory default settings. • The DHCP server is part of a managed network. Windows XP itself does not provide a DHCP server function. A dedicated DHCP server is required.
Network Configuration Tool The Network Configuration tool provides information on all network adapters installed in the system and any connected GigE Vision devices. For the Genie, the tool allows a simple method to assign a User-Defined name and also to set a Persistent IP address instead of the default DHCP/LLA assigned IP address. Using this tool, Genie network configurations can be easily made without having to use any Windows Control Panel application.
Genie IP Configuration System Information and Configuration Select the system icon (the computer symbol) in the left pane to display current system information which may be required when documenting Genie installations. There are no user changeable fields in the System Information tab. In the right hand pane click on the System Configuration tab. By default the Sapera GigE Server is added to the Windows Firewall exception list.
Network Card Information and Configuration Select a network card icon in the left pane to see the NIC configuration parameters. The Network Configuration tool ensures that no two NIC devices installed in the computer are on the same subnet, since that would create a conflict. A warning message is displayed in such a case, indicating that a settings change is required for one of the NIC.
After installation, all system NIC devices have the Sapera Network Imaging driver enabled. Only the NIC connected to a Genie camera requires the Network Imaging driver enabled to capture images from Genie. The Network Imaging driver streams image data efficiently to image buffers. Select other NIC devices in the system and disable the Network Imaging Driver if they are not used with a Genie camera.
• If the camera requires a persistent IP address, select the bullet to assign a persistent IP immediately with recovery. Enter the new IP address and click on Recover Camera. Important: Any changes made with this tool will update the Genie flash memory. Do not remove power from the Genie camera for a minimum 10 seconds. Sapera GigE Server Details This section provides additional details on the GigE Server not covered in the Genie installation section of this manual.
Status Window Description User Name User assigned identification Manufacturer Manufacturer for this device Model GigE Vision device model Serial Number Device serial number Firm Ver Device firmware revision number MAC adddress Device MAC address Camera IP Device current IP address NIC IP NIC IP associated with the GigE server Filter driver Network driver status MaxPktSize Largest packet size that should be used for image streaming.
Sapera CamExpert Guide Using CamExpert with Genie Monochrome Cameras CamExpert is the camera interfacing tool supported by the Sapera library. When used with a Genie camera, CamExpert allows a user to test all Genie operating modes. Additionally CamExpert saves the Genie user settings configuration to the camera or saves multiple configurations as individual camera parameter files on the host system (*.ccf).
CamExpert Panes The CamExpert application uses 5 windows to simplify choosing and configuring camera files or acquisition parameters for the installed device. • Device pane: View and select from any installed Sapera acquisition device. Once a device is selected CamExpert will only present acquisition parameters applicable to that device. • Parameters pane: Allows viewing or changing all acquisition parameters supported by the acquisition device.
• Control Buttons: The Display pane includes CamExpert control buttons. These are: Acquisition control button: Click once to start live grab, click again to stop. Single frame grab: Click to acquire one frame from device. Software trigger button: With the I/O control parameters set to Trigger Enabled / Software Trigger type, click to send a single software trigger command.
10-bit Invert LUT CamExpert available LUT examples are briefly described below. The LUT function graphic simplifies understanding the operation especially when user settings modify the LUT function.
Technical Specifications Mechanical Specifications The figure below defines the Genie family mechanical specifications. Additional notes follow.
Notes: Genie supports a screw lock Ethernet cable (see "Ruggedized RJ45 Ethernet Cables" on page 97). For information on Genie lens requirements see "Optical Considerations" on page 93. Lens flange focal distance = 17.52 mm. The camera top also has four mounting holes in identical locations. Connectors • A single RJ45 Ethernet connector for control and video data to the host Gigabit NIC.
Genie Signal Electrical Details • Power Supply (pin 2): +12V DC nominal. Operating tolerance +10% to –10%. Over voltage and reverse voltage protection circuit built in. The protection circuit is reset by shutting down or disconnecting the power supply. • The 12-pin Hirose male connector shell and cable shield should connect to the supply earth ground to improve EMI shielding. External Inputs • • • • • • Opto-coupled (2V to 12V, 2mA minimum) with internal current limit. RS422 or TTL signal type.
External Outputs • Programmable output mode such as strobe, event notification, etc. (see "Output Control via Sapera LT or GenICam Applications" on page 56). User Genie side side OUT+ 75 680 OUT OUTNEC PS2805-1 Hirose-12 Connector pins The opto-coupler is typically a NEC PS2805-1 with the following characteristics.
Camera Status LED The Genie has one multicolor LED to provide a simple visible indication of the operational status of the camera. When more than one condition is active, the LED color indicates the condition with the highest priority. The following table summarizes the LED states and corresponding camera status.
• Some light sources age such that over their life span they produce less light. This aging may not be uniform—a light source may produce progressively less light in some areas of the spectrum but not others. Filters CCD cameras are extremely responsive to infrared (IR) wavelengths of light. To prevent infrared from distorting the images you scan, use a “hot mirror” or IR cutoff filter that transmits visible wavelengths but does not transmit wavelengths over 750nm.
Example: An acquisition system has a 512 x 512 element, 10μm pixel pitch area scan camera, a lens with an effective focal length of 45mm, and requires that 100μm in the object space correspond to each pixel in the image sensor. Using the preceding equation, the object distance must be 450mm (0.450m). 10μm 45mm = 100μm OD OD = 450mm(0.450m) Sensor Handling Instructions This section reviews proper procedures for handling, cleaning, or storing the Genie camera.
Cleaning the Sensor Window Even with careful handling, the sensor window may need cleaning. The following steps describe various cleaning techniques to clean minor dust particles to accidental finger touches. • Use compressed air to blow off loose particles. This step alone is usually sufficient to clean the sensor window. Avoid moving or shaking the compressed air container and use short bursts of air while moving the camera in the air stream.
Ruggedized RJ45 Ethernet Cables Components Express Inc. has available an industrial RJ45 CAT6 cable that on one end has a molded shroud assembly with top/bottom thumbscrews, while the other end has a standard RJ45. This cable is recommended when Genie is installed in a high vibration environment. Contact sales at DALSA for availability of Genie with female mounts for this secure Ethernet cable. Components Express, Inc.
Computer Requirements for Genie Cameras The following information is a guide to computer and networking equipment required to support the Genie camera at maximum performance. The Genie camera series complies with the current IPv4 Internet Protocol, therefore current Gigabit Ethernet (GigE) equipment should provide trouble free performance. Host PC System • • • • Pentium 4 system (or AMD equivalent) with 512 MB system memory. System motherboard without an embedded graphic card.
Ethernet to Fiber-Optic Interface Requirements In cases of camera-to-PC separations of more than 100 meters but an Ethernet switch is not desired, a fiber-optic media converter can be used. The FlexPoint GX from Omnitron Systems (http://www.omnitron-systems.com/) converts GigE to fiber transmission and vice versa. It supports multimode (MM) fiber over distances of up to 220 m (720 ft.) and single-mode (SM) fiber up to 65 km (40 mi.) with SC, MT-RJ, or LC connector types.
EC & FCC Declaration of Conformity 100 • Technical Specifications Genie Monochrome Series-GigE Vision Camera
Troubleshooting Overview In rare cases an installation may fail or there are problems in controlling and using the Genie camera. This section highlights issues or conditions which may cause installation problems and additionally provides information on computers and network adapters which have caused problems with Genie. Emphasis is on the user to perform diagnostics with the tools provided and methods are described to correct the problem.
Device Not Available A red X over the GigE server tray icon indicates that the Genie device is not found. This indicates either a major camera fault or condition such as disconnected power, or a network issue where there is no communication. • Review the section "Installation Overview & Preparations" on page 18 to verify required installation steps. • See "Verifying Network Parameters" on page 115 to review networking details.
Installation Issues and Functional Problems This section covers issues indicated by the GigE server tray icon shows a warning symbol. GigE Server Warning Example 1a: IP error with multiple NICs The screenshot below shows an IP conflict error due to two (or more) NICs that are all set to LLA mode. In this case both NICs are assigned the same IP address preventing communication with any connected Genie. • When multiple NICs are used, only one can be set to LLA mode.
GigE Server Warning Example 1b: IP error with multiple NICs As a second example, the screenshot below shows an IP conflict error similar to the example above but the second NIC has no camera connected (or only an Ethernet switch). • The following illustration shows an example of this fault condition. The second NIC has not Genie connected ether directly or via a switch.
GigE Server Warning Example 2: Subnet Mask or IP error The screenshot below shows that the Genie device is not accessible. This IP error is an example of the Genie being assigned a persistent IP address with an incorrect subnet mask. • This example error was made using the DALSA Network Configuration tool, where the Genie was set to Persistent IP mode with an incorrect subnet mask.
• Information about the CorSnid driver is also available from Network Configuration tool. Device Available with Operational Issues This section considers issues with cabling, Ethernet switches, multiple cameras, and camera exposure. Firmware Updates As a general rule any Genie installation must include the firmware update procedure (see "Updating Genie Firmware" on page 27).
Power Failure During a Firmware Update–Now What? Don't panic! There is far greater chance that the host computer OS is damaged during a power failure than any permanent problems with the Genie. When electrical power returns and the host computer system has started, the Genie firmware reprogramming sequence is as follows. • Connect power to the Genie. The Genie processor knows that the operating firmware is corrupt. • The Genie status LED is slow flashing red.
Turning Windows Firewall Off With a computer that is not behind a corporate firewall an alternative is to disable Windows firewall only for the network adapter dedicated for the Genie camera. Such a computer would have two or more network adapters where one NIC only connects to the Genie—never the Internet. The following figures show an example of the Windows firewall On but disabled for the network adapter used by Genie.
Test a Genie Using Internal Test Patterns The Genie test pattern mode allows quick verification of an installation without the need for correct lighting or lens. Troubleshooting physical connection issues or communication problems is made easier knowing that the camera can output a known video signal at selectable frame rates. See "Internal Image Test Patterns" on page 62 for information on using CamExpert to select internal patterns from Genie.
Grab Remains Black While using CamExpert to test a Genie installation, there are no obvious installation problems. But when Grab is clicked in CamExpert, a grab failure occurs. The grab remains black and an Abort message is displayed. • Typically this problem occurs when the video stream is blocked by a third-party firewall program. Configure the firewall to pass GigE Vision applications.
Grab has Random Bad Data or Noise – Case 2 • This problem has been seen with network adapters using the Realtek RTL8169 chip and associated low-level driver. In this case the NIC reports a false maximum jumbo frame size. • In the NIC configuration, set the jumbo frame size set to less than the maximum allowed. In this example the NIC reports supporting a maximum jumbo frame size of 8384 but good acquisitions are possible only when the size is reduced to 7k.
Configuration Recommendations with Laptops • In the NIC configuration, keep the jumbo frame size set to the maximum allowed. See "Increasing Adapter Buffers and Jumbo Frames" on page 24. • If VPN software is installed, most likely the VPN driver must be disabled in the NIC properties (open via Control Panel). This would be required only on the NIC used with the Genie. • Run the Sapera Log Viewer: Start•Programs•DALSA•Sapera LT•Tools•Log Viewer. Start the Genie acquisition program, such as CamExpert.
Problems with Disconnecting NICs Genie cameras installed in environments with physical motion, vibrations, or high EMI may be disconnected by the NIC. The following items need to be reviewed to solve the problem. • Motion or vibrations may cause data loss because the Ethernet cable connection is not secure. Use a locking Ethernet cable (see "Ruggedized RJ45 Ethernet Cables" on page 97). • High EMI may cause the NIC to drop data or to disconnect and reconnect at a lower data rate.
Camera Exposure Issues No camera exposure when expected. • • • Verify by using the camera in free-running mode. Do not use external trigger mode when testing a camera setup. If using free-running mode, verify that the exposure period is set to the maximum possible for the set frame rate. Load factory default from the Power-up Configuration in CamExpert. This will reset the camera to its nominal acquisition rate. Camera is functional but frame rate is lower than expected. • • • Verify Ethernet link speed.
Verifying Network Parameters DALSA provides the Network Configuration tool to verify and configure network devices and the Genie network parameters. See section "Network Configuration Tool" on page 79 if there were any problems with the automatic Genie software installation. VPN Driver Interference VPN (virtual private network) software using a driver component called "Deterministic Network Enhancement" has been identified as interfering with the Genie operation when using Framework versions previous to 1.
116 • Troubleshooting Genie Monochrome Series-GigE Vision Camera
DALSA Contact Information Genie Sales Information Visit our web site: http://www.imaging.com/ Email: mailto:info@dalsa-coreco.com International/Canada DALSA — Montreal office 7075 Place Robert-Joncas Suite #142 St. Laurent, Quebec, Canada H4M 2Z2 Tel: Fax: (514) 333-1301 (514) 333-1388 USA DALSA 700 Technology Park Drive Billerica, Ma.
Genie Technical Support Any support question or request can be submitted via our web site: Technical support form via our web page: Support requests for imaging product installations, Support requests for imaging applications http://www.imaging.com/support Product literature and driver updates http://www.imaging.
Glossary of Terms ARP Address Resolution Protocol provides a way to retrieve the MAC address associated to an IP address. Bandwidth Describes the measure of data transfer capacity. CAT5e Ethernet cable Category 5e was designed for transmission speeds of up to 1 gigabit per second (Gigabit Ethernet). CAT6 Ethernet cable Same as Category 5e, except that it is made to a higher standard. Supports transmission speeds greater than Gigabit Ethernet with less signal attenuation over a given length of cable.
GenICam specification Specification of the European Machine Vision Association (EMVA, www.emva.org). Defines the capabilities of any GigE Vision device. Grab Acquiring an image frame. Grayscale In image processing, the range of available brightness levels, displayed in shades of gray. In an 8-bit system, the gray scale contains values from 0 to 255. A 10-bit system has a range of 0-1023.
SAT Saturation Output Amplitude. SAT is the average maximum output level for a specified light input. Scatter Gather Host system memory allocated for frame buffers is virtually contiguous but physically scattered throughout all available memory. SNR Signal to Noise Ratio. SNR measures the ratio between random noise and an arbitrary reference signal on the transmission path or within a device. Subnet The subnet is identified by performing the logical AND of the IP address with its subnet mask.
122 • Glossary of Terms Genie Monochrome Series-GigE Vision Camera
Index 1 12-pin male Hirose connector, 90 8 effective focal length, 94 embedded processing, 56 Ethernet cable type, 92 Ethernet link speed, 114 Ethernet switch, 17 Ethernet switch issues, 113 event modes, 51 event notification, 92 events, 63 exposure duration, 43 exposure period, 114 Exposure time granularity, 46 external trigger, 114 8/10-bit LUT, 56 F A Acquisition events, 63 administrator, 19 AUTORUN, 19, 20 B back focal length, 94 Binning, 41 binning modes, 41 C cable mating connector, 90 camera c
high EMI, 109, 112 Hirose HR10A-10P-12S, 21 histogram tool, 58 horizontal and vertical binning, 41 horizontal crop, 38 hot mirror, 94 HTML help, 7 I I/O signal specification, 90 image buffer, 40 image cropping, 40 image exposures, 42 image processing, 7 incoming image packets, 24 industrial RJ-45, 97 infrared filters, 94 internal pattern, 114 inter-packet delay, 66 invalid trigger, 53 ionized air blower, 95 IP configuration, 21 IP configuration modes, 77 IP configuration protocol, 21, 23 J jumbo frames, 1
sensor specification, 9 sensor specifications, 8 sensor synchronization, 46 signal debounce circuit, 49 software triggers, 42 spatial resolution, 41 Static electricity, 17 static IP address, 78 status LED sequence, 23 strobe light, 51 subnet, 20, 81, 109 synchronization timing, 43 T test pattern, 110 test pattern generator, 62 test patterns, 29 threshold processes, 56 Transfer events, 63 U unmanaged networks, 77 User Name, 30 user state, 67 user-defined name, 30 V vertical and horizontal cropping, 38 ver
