For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info 492 466–467 456–459 480 481–482 460–461 468–478 479 Louvres and reflectors p. 498 Quantities, units etc. p. 510 p. 454–482 Hazardous substances p. 504–505 Luminance classification p. 521 Symbols HF-ballast Mains cables Troubleshooting recessed Fuse protection p. 488–489 p. 502 p. 503 p. 485–487 p. 499 p. 501 downlights EC directive industrial system Dimming Index EN 12464-1 LED p. 522–537 Planning and Calculations p.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Possibilities Modern lighting control systems can improve the quality of the lighting. Using dimmable luminaires means the lighting is targeted in the right place, at the right time and at the right intensity. In combination with light sensors daylight can be utilised which saves energy. In many buildings the lighting requirement changes several times during the course of a day.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Control method refers to the type of signal transfer used between The simplest way to dim an incandescent lamp is to use a thyristor, the control unit/controller and the electronic control gear in the or phase control. The thyristor clips off the leading edge of the sin luminaire. A number of the most common control methods are wave. Control of low voltage light sources, such as halogen, requires highlighted in the table below.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming DALI DALI (Digital Addressable Light- As standard, Fagerhult have chosen to supply all luminaires ing Interface) is a standardised with Helvar’s DALI-ballasts with an integral power supply. This is to digital protocol for dimming. enable a system with a central DALI power supply to incorporate DALI is supported by the major luminaires with different brands of DALI-ballasts.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Installation example Classroom with DALI-dimming Installation of light control in a classroom A classroom is a workplace for both teachers and pupils. Good lighting is essential for the varying work. Through advances in lighting pendant/surface technology a combination of preferable light levels and energy efficiency can be offered through controls.
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For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming uses Ethernet communication as The router is the central unit in the system providing a smooth con- a smooth way of connecting DALI nection between a large number of DALI and DIGIDIM products. DI- networks together. The modules GIDIM systems are programmed using Helvar’s Designer software, provide a complete system from which can be used on a local or remote-controlled Windows-based single office rooms to large office PC.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Non-addressable digital control DSI HF-ballasts for DSI-control are DSI control gear only manufactured by Tri- Tridonic manufactures two ranges of dimmable control gear, Excel donic. Control information in and Eco.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Dimensions 90x71x59 mm 190x30x28 mm 190x30x21 mm 190x30x28 mm Ø 60 mm, h 47 mm For DIN rail 86131 86109 86130 86134 86133 86135 Dimmable transformers Component Output TE-DC 300 VA Sec.voltage 11.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Phase control (impulse) – switchDIM, Touch DIM Phase control (impulse) is a Applies to Tridonic SwithDIM: simplified and economic version • Unlimited number of parallel connected pushbuttons for on/off/ of light control, using control- dimming can be installed. lable HF-ballasts designed for • A maximum of 25 PCA HF-ballasts are recommended in a switch- this function. Normally, these DIM installation.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming A retractable switch without indicator lamp must be used. Maximum 25 HF-ballasts can be connected to one control. The same phase must be used for control and feeding the HF-ballast. If several HF-ballasts or more advanced control is required, please contact your Fagerhult representative.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Installation example switchDIM Corridor with absence dampening Premises without natural daylight usually need the lighting to be switched on continuously. However, in some cases some of the luminaires can be switched off when no one is in the room. Light control is ideal for corridors where the sufficient basic light can be quickly increased during occupancy. Energy savings can be up to 80 %.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming 86225 86226 86227 Sensor Steinel Component Sensor PIR IS3180 Protective guard 86235 86227 Sensor CP Electronic Component Sensor MWS-1/C Sensor for ceiling mounting, detection 10x10 m.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Analogue 1–10 V direct voltage control (EN 60929) The majority of dimmable In addition to the control wires, the phase conductor should also HF-ballasts are designed in be connected via the control unit or combined potentiometer/ accordance with the standard mains switch, as the luminaires can only be switched on and off via EN 60929 including the control the mains voltage.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Do not mix HF-ballasts from different manufacturers or outputs. The control potentiometers can usually regulate 100 mA (approx. 50 HF-ballasts), yet have different breaking capacity on the switch function. Always check the data from the supplier. L1 L2 L3 N PE L N + - Rotary potentiometer for 1–10 V L N HF-ballasts Philips, Osram, Helvar etc. for analogue control Do not mix HF-ballasts from different manufacturers or outputs.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Fagerhult e-Sense – ActiLume and smartSwitch – Control systems simplified At Fagerhult we consider economy in lighting control to be the sum of all parts. Our e-Sense solution is easy to use and install, offering quality in both light treatment and ongoing energy efficiency. Fagerhults e-Sense luminaires are equipped with integrated light control; an attractive, easy installation without the need of add-on or external sensors.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming e-Sense e-Sense smartSwitch smartSwitch is an on/off-sensor that controls the connected luminaire via the mains voltage. There pendant/surface is also a model with pull dim for individual setting of the lighting level available. smartSwitch gives automatic ignition/extinguishing controlled by presence and the ambient light. The presence detection can be set with a delay of between 1 to 30 minutes.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming e-Sense ActiLume ActiLume offers maximal comfort and automatic energy saving. ActiLume adapts the level of light to the surrounding environment and when the room is not in use the light is switched off. ActiLume offers maximum comfort and automatic energy saving. ActiLume adapts the level of light to the surrounding environment and when the room is not in use the light is switched off.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Night: The office is in darkness. Occupancy detector Presence control switches the lighting on and off. After the last presence detection the light is automatically switched off. The time between detection and switching off is adjustable, 1–30 minutes. Lux level setting Setting the threshold value prevents the occupancy detector reacting when daylight is sufficient. 07:56 am: Automatic ignition.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Installation example large office with e-Sense ActiLume The investment in enhancing the lighting an office is a fraction of the costs of the actual personnel. Using lighting control you can create a visual stimulating working environment- while off-setting the costs with energy savings. e-Sense luminaires are equipped with their own sensor helping to save installation time on-site. Advantages: • Plug connection. • Automatic switching on.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Installation example two-person office with e-Sense ActiLume Recessed luminaires in are often selected in buildings with low ceiling heights or where there is a desire for an unbroken ceiling aesthetic. e-Sense ActiLume is a practical alternative to a switch by pendant/surface the door. Setting the daylight function and the occupancy detector is easy and can always be adjusted.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Installation example Open-plan office with e-Sense ActiLume General lighting in the open-plan office can be made more effective if the installation is planned in advance and adapted to the daily activities, reacting to both occupancy and the level of incidental light in the space. Luminaires placed away from the windows are controlled with a 30 % offset. Low light level with absenteeism, but not switched off.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Installation example Classroom with e-Sense ActiLume Within a classroom environment e-Sense ActiLume offers many advantages. The lighting control is adapted to the size of the room, automatically incorporating the luminaires which are positioned pendant/surface away from the window. Installation costs are kept to a minimum thanks to the ease of installation and commissioning. Advantages: • Automatic switching on/off or only switching off.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info e-Sense ActiLume Connection Box Quick connection system for controlling using e-Sense ActiLume The e-Sense ActiLume Connection Box was designed particularly for use in lecture rooms, but equally lends itself to an office environment or rooms where the installation can be hidden above a suspended ceiling. The installation and ongoing use of lighting solutions with control systems can often a complicated process.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info e-Sense ActiLume Connection Box Complete solution for lecture-rooms with suspended ceilings Nowadays the need lighting layouts and controls in a lecture-room Lecture-room 1 Lecture-room 2 6 9 Connection box incl. all connectors that are necessary 1 1 luminaires including luminaires above the whiteboard. Master luminaire DTI Type 2 Beta 2x35 W 28924-321, 1 complete with mains cables, L=3.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Installation example Absence dampening stores with e-Sense smartSwitch Lighting can be made more efficient with energy savings in many areas within office environments. The light in stores, filing rooms and stationery rooms is nearly always switched on continuously irrespective of whether there is someone in the room or not. Now you can easily install effective light control with large potential for savings. Advantages: • Plug connection.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming Luminaires with hidden microwave sensor Comparison between sensors Function/property Hidden in luminaire Detects infra-red heat in motion Detects objects in motion Can be placed in a suspended luminaire Detects through walls/glass Adjustable detection range Relay output Adjustable Off time Adjustable lux threshold On/Off function Absence dimming function Slave connection without affecting its design or insulation class.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming LED DALI Control Luminaires with automatic or programmable control LEDs are available as light sources in various colours. The first, and % most usual, colour of an LED is red. It is normally combined with green and blue, and in special cases also yellow (to create a warmer, white light). The term RGB control is normally used for LEDs in the colours red, green and blue.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Dimming DMX control DMX512 is a standard protocol developed for controlling lighting and dimmers from a lighting board in theatre environments. As it has a high transmission speed, it places certain demands on installation and the choice of cables and connectors. DMX is under development DMX is also available in a recently updated dressed using DMX cable and software.
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For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info LED Technique LED is an abbreviation of Light Emitting Diode. LED is a semi-conductor which when electrically stimulated emits light (also called electroluminescence). The light colour emitted is dependent on pendant/surface the materials used during manufacture. The basic colours manufactured are red, orange, green and blue.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info LED Technique Heat development Cable routing In spite of an LED being physi- It is important that the polarity is followed. Incorrectly connected cally very small, great demands LEDs can be destroyed or damaged. Usually a maximum cable are made on correct cooling, length is stated for PWM units. Longer cables can create problems either through the use of heat- with control or generate EMC issues and downtime.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info HF-ballast Operation When discharging starts and the fluorescent lamp ignites, the HF- more, the HF-ballast monitors the function of the light source and switches it off if defects occur. There are HF-ballasts on the market that can indicate, via the light source, that a mains voltage fault has occurred, for example, over voltage. Cable routing A great deal of thought must be given to cable routing when designing luminaires for HF-ballasts.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info HF-ballast HF-ballasts for demanding environments, HF Industry Light output HF Industry is a ballast designed for use in rugged and demanding 100% environments.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info HF-ballast When designing luminaires we make sure that the temperature of Temperature example the HF ballast does not become too high, as this can shorten the life Examples of temperature margins for a number of typical lumi span. When a luminaire is installed and used correctly the life span naires are presented below. The stated margins concern luminaires for the HF-ballast is at least 50,000 hours with a maximum 10 % with standard HF.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Fuse protection of HF-ballasts Miniature Circuit Breakers Miniature circuit breakers for groups of luminaires equipped with an HF-ballast should be sized not only according to the rated current but primarily with regard to the inrush current. The initial inrush current that occurs when the luminaires are switched on can cause the miniature circuit breaker to trip if this is sized incorrectly.
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For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Information about circuit load The system circuit load is the sum of the light source’s power consumption and losses in the associated control gear. An installation must be designed to take into account the starting current as well as the total power consumption. Normally it is the starting current, and not the system output, that dictates how many HF-ballasts can be connected to a miniature circuit-breaker (MCB).
HF-dim Light source 14 17 18 26 32 42 57 1x SW 17 20 21 28 36 47 66 2x SW 33 39 40 55 71 91 - Applies to Philips HF-P EII Philips HF-P EII Tridonic PC-PRO Tridonic PC-PRO Tridonic PC-PRO Tridonic PC-PRO PC-PRO/Ph.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Cold spaces in all outputs. Please refer to the light sources chapter for more Most luminaires are designed to give the best performance at information. normal room temperature. In a cold area, for example, certain store spaces or freezer rooms, the ambient environment for the luminaire Placement is very different.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info CE-marking approved our test equipment and quality system as well as the In order for a luminaire to be marketed in the EU/ expertise of our personnel. In addition to annual audits, Intertek ETL EES region it must be equipped with a CE-mark. Semko also has the right to visit our laboratory at any time or call in products for comparison tests.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Properties of materials Die casting Extrusion Die casting of metal is a method Extrusion is a process that can of production that produces be done with both aluminium strong parts, a high quality fin- and plastic. The method is ish and a lot of integrated func- cost-effective and provides op- tionality. With zinc the parts are tions for integrating functions ready for use immediately after and fine detail.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Properties of materials Sheet metal Stainless steel Stainless (rustless) steel is, as the name suggests, steel that cannot Sheet metal, in various quali- less steel can rust even though its resistance to corrosion is good. surface treatments, is widely Perhaps, instead, it should be called rust-resistant steel. In order to used in light fittings.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Properties of materials Plastic The softeners are constantly given off and can migrate to and attack Plastic is a modern material that other plastic materials. They are also considered to be damaging is being constantly developed to the environment and injurious to health and they can adversely offering a range of benefits. The affect reproduction.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info PMMA (Polymethyl methacrylate) PC/ABS PMMA, also known under the trade name Plexiglas®, is acrylic Sometimes, it is necessary to mix different plastics in order to plastic. It offers a very high light transmission and is, therefore, ideal obtain the properties required for the parts of the product. PC/ABS for optical uses.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Louvres and reflectors Reflector and louvre material Beta Double parabolic reflector louvre with side and cross-blades of satin matt metallised aluminium with excellent reflection characteristics (> 92 %), integrated into a single unit. The louvre remains attached when lowered. Earthed. The reflectors and active louvres in the Fagerhult range are designed for maximum efficiency and controlled light distribution.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Mains cables Many of our luminaires come with mains cables of varying designs fitted as standard. The design depends on the luminaire and its integrated functions, ranging from 3-core cables with plugs to pendant/surface open-ended 5-core cables with some form of snap-in connector, such as the Wieland.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Quick connection system Different makes and models of quick connectors can be used to simplify the installation of luminaires. The main benefit of quick connection systems is the reduction in installation times for large or continuous lighting systems. These systems allow a certain degree of flexibility, as it might be easier to move already-connected products without affecting the fixed installation.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Installation, troubleshooting and maintenance Luminaire’s installation Familiarise yourself with the supplied installation instructions and follow them during installation. pendant/surface When testing the insulation of an installation, luminaires equipped with HF-ballasts should have the phase and neutral conductors interconnected.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Symbols This symbol denotes the luminaire’s light distribution, Indicates the luminaire may be installed against materi- direct, direct/indirect, asymmetrical, round beam, etc. als that are normally combustible . Several symbols next to the same luminaire indicate that the luminaire is available in different designs.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info EC directive General information about EC directives EC directive An EC directive is binding for each member state it is directed to, but the member state may decide itself the form and procedure for pendant/surface implementation. According to the EC treaty, directives can be adopted by the European Parliament and the Council, solely by the Council or by the Commission.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Directives concerning environmentally hazardous substances The WEEE directive, the RoHS directive and the EuP directive Environment and luminaires For many years Fagerhult has taken the lead in technical development. As early as the end of the Eighties we developed lighting systems for HF-operation. In the middle of the Nineties we took the next step with the development of luminaires for the T5 fluorescent lamp.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Directives concerning environmentally hazardous substances Stage 2 – three years after implementation (2012). • Light sources – T10 and T12 halophosphate fluorescent lamps are to be phased out. Other light sources to be phased out are the least efficient high pressure sodium and metal halogen light sources (with E27, E40 and PGZ12 sockets). Five years after this comes into force (2015), mercury light sources will also be phased out.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Energy directive 2002/91/EC On January 4, 2006 a new EU directive – Energy Performance of Buildings, 2002/91/EC (EC stands for European Communities) came into force. The directive means buildings must be declared with regard to the total energy consumption. The building's energy consumption must be calculated and declared in advance and applies to all energy consumption – lighting, heating, cooling, ventilation, etc.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Energy Directive 2002/91/EC The standard EN 15193 Common standards are created to produce common calculation The indicator for the energy efficiency of the lighting methodology. Different standards are drawn up to calculate the dif- The energy consumption for lighting must be declared via the an ferent energy consumers in the building.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Energy Directive 2002/91/EC The LENI number, the rating index for lighting’s specific annual energy usage Availability of daylight Daylight must be included within the calculations to give a correct value. The availability of daylight divides the room into different zones. The different zones describe a specific daylight interval, divided by a daylight factor: Strong, Medium, Weak or None.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Energy directive 2002/91/EC To calculate energy usage for lighting (Wtotal) according to EN 15193 The total energy consumed for lighting is calculated according to the formula and is stated kWh/year: Wlight pendant/surface W total=W light + W parasitic is the estimated energy consumption used to power the lighting in the building during a given period. All light sources and ballasts included.
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For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Light planning European Lighting Standard EN 12464-1 Planning the lighting of indoor workplaces From May 2003 companies in European CEN-countries, have a mutual standard for the planning of lighting of indoor workplaces. pendant/surface The standard EN 12464-1:2002 – Lighting of work places – Part 1, has been developed by the technical committee CEN/TC 169 “Light and Lighting”.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Light planning EN 12464-1 Principles for establishing the working area and surrounding calculation surfaces Example of the workspace for a typical workplace. Lighting of the working area wo=width The working area is defined, according to EN 12464-1, as the area of the workplace where tasks are performed.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Light planning EN 12464-1 Glare Glare occurs when part of an interior space is significantly brighter than the room’s luminosity. In these instances the eyes are exposed pendant/surface to a more intense light than they are normally adapted to. The most common cause of glare occurs when the luminaire and window can be seen directly or via reflections, within the normal field of vision.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Light planning EN 12464-1 Discomfort glare from electric light Discomfort glare from windows Discomfort glare is an immediate occurrence and arises from light An awkward and unpleasant glare arises when a person looks out sources or luminaires whose luminance is greater than the eye can of a window in the direction of the sun, or when direct sunlight falls adapt to, but can also become noticeable after a period of time.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Light planning Instructions for planning and calculations Recommended luminance conditions between the working area and the room’s surfaces Lmax < 1000 cd/m² The luminance ratio between the working area and the wall should not be less than 5:1. With indirect lighting the average luminance on the ceiling should not exceed 500 cd/m².
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Light planning Instructions for planning and calculations Flow chart for light planning Interpretation of the calculation result 1. Analysis of the planning objective 1. Scrutinise carefully • Define the activities and different visual work that may be per- • To prevent glare – check the luminance conditions in the room. formed in the premises at different times of the day. 2.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Light planning Planning and calculation tips Energy efficiency in lighting installations In addition to a low installed output, energy usage should be lim- A lighting installation needs to confirm to the various requirements ited in an installation with the help of different control systems. ficiency or visual comfort.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Light planning Light and health Light, or light radiation, not only affects our visual cortex but offices, which is usually three to four times lower (20–30 cd/m²). also the whole of our alertness, wellbeing and performance. Our The study also showed that ambient light influences the stress circadian rhythm and seasonal variation are genetically fixed, but hormones in the body and alertness in a relatively short time.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info VBE- and AQ-index Human index for the room's lighting experience and the lighting's total quality index Total lighting experience Visual Recommended maintenance The parameters for the VBE index are presented in a triangle. Each parameter is valued on a scale of 1–5, where 3 corresponds to the normal value. The total VBE index can therefore be a maximum of 15.
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Light planning Technical information Light measurement Light measurement The luminaire’s light distribution is measured on several C-planes around the luminaire, at intervals of at least 15°. First measurement plane (C=0°) is across the lamps’ longitudinal axis. γ-angles – several angles are measured, at least every 5 degrees (see figure).
For more information go to www.barbourproductsearch.info Luminance classification Luminance classification of decorative luminaires with opal surfaces In order to facilitate the selection of luminaires with luminous opal pendant/surface surfaces, Fagerhult has developed a classification system that documents the average luminance for this type of luminaire. The affected luminaire types are pendant, ceiling and wall as well as any other luminaire with opal luminous surfaces.
