DuroMax XP18HP / XP18HPE General Purpose Gasoline Engine Owner's Manual
The manual gives information with respect to operation and maintenance of the general gasoline engine. Be sure to read it carefully first before operating. All the materials and diagrams of this manual are in accordance with the newest products at the publishing time. Due to revisions and other changes, the information described in this manual may be slightly different than the engine received. The copyright of this manual belongs to DuroMax Power Equipment, unauthorized reproduction is prohibited.
DANGER: This engine produces poisonous carbon monoxide gas when running. This gas is both odorless and colorless. Even if you do not see or smell gas, carbon monoxide may still be present. Breathing this poison can lead to headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, and eventually death. Use outdoors ONLY in non-confined areas. Keep several feet of clearance on all sides to allow proper ventilation of the engine.
CONTENTS Safety Precautions …………………………………………………………… Parts Description ……………………………….……………………………. Control Connection of Remote Distance (optional) …………..…….………. Pre-Operate Inspection …….………………………………………………… Engine oil ………………..……………...………….…………………. Air cleaner …...……………..…………………………………………. Fuel and fuel tank ……………………………………...….…………... Starting of the Engine ………………………………….…….………..……... Operation ……………………………………………………………...……... Stop ………………………………………………...………….……………... Exhaust Control System …...…………………………………….
Maintenance …………………………………………………………..…….. 15 Maintenance Schedule ………………………………...……………... 15 Maintenance Procedures …………………………….……….………. 17 Transport, Storage and Removal from Storage …………...………………..... 23 Transport ….………………………………………..………..……….. 23 Storage ………………………………………..………………………. 23 Removal from storage……………………….……………….……….. 24 Troubleshooting……………………………………………………..……….. 25 Will not start …….……………………….……………………………. 25 Low Power ………………..…………………………………………... 27 Running Rough ……………...…………………………………….…..
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WARNING Before operating the engine, be sure to read and become familiar with the manual, otherwise injury to personnel or damage to equipment may occur. Please pay special attention to the following: 1. Run the engine in a well-ventilated place, keep it at least one meter away from building walls or other equipment, and keep away from inflammables such as gasoline, matches and so on to avoid the possibility of fire. 2. Keep the engine out of reach of children and pets to avoid accidents.
PARTS DESCRIPTION The main parts of engine are located as follows (Fig.
CONTROL CONNECTION OF REMOTE DISTANCE (OPTION) The holes in levers of both the choke and throttle valve are used for mounting optioned steel wires. Illustrations show how to mount a solid steel wire and a meshed steel wire. If choosing a meshed steel wire a return spring is added. Accessory Options: If necessary, you may unscrew the damping nut on the throttle valve lever slightly when controlling the throttle valve by a remotecontrolled steel wire.
Pre-Operation Inspection Engine Oil Caution ● Engine oil is a key factor in deciding the engine's performance. Do not apply engine oil with additives or 2-stroke gasoline oil, as they haven't enough lubrication, which may shorten the engine's service life. ● Check the engine with it stopped on a level ground. Engine oil recommended: SAE10W-30 As viscosity varies with regions and temperatures, so the lubricant has to be selected in accordance with our recommendation. Check 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
AIR CLEANER Dismantle the air cleaner housing and check its filter element, make sure it is clean and intact, if not or replace it. CAUTION Never run the engine without an air cleaner, or severe wear of the engine may occur. Air cleaner housing Filter Element FUEL AND FUEL TANK 1. Fuel The engine must use unleaded gasoline with an octane number over 86. Using unleaded gasoline will decrease the possibility of producing carbon deposits and prolong the engine's service life.
CAUTION Handle fuel with care, it can damage plastic and painted surfaces. It is normal to hear an occasional light spark knock or pinging with the engine running under heavy load. Should spark knock or pinging be heard at a steady speed under normal load, change the brand of gasoline; if it continues, consult your dealer for help, the engine may be damaged. 3. Fuel Tank Upper Fuel Level Fuel tank capacity: 3.6 liters 4. Check Remove the fuel filler Cap and check fuel level.
WARNING Gasoline is extremely flammable and is explosive under certain conditions. Refueling in a well ventilated area with the engine stopped. Do not smoke and allow flames or sparks in the area where gasoline is stored or where the fuel tank is refueled. Do not overfill the tank (there should be no fuel in the filler neck). After refueling, make sure the fuel tank cap is set back securely. Be careful not to spill fuel when refueling. Spilled fuel or fuel vapor may ignite.
STARTING OF THE ENGINE 1. Push the fuel cock to “ON.” 2. Push the choke lever to “CLOSE.” NOTE If the engine is hot, closing the choke is unnecessary.
3. Move left the throttle lever a little. 4. Start the engine (Fig. 16). a) Push the engine switch to “On” b) Pull slightly the starting rope handle up until feeling anti-action, and then make a rapid pull. CAUTION Releasing the handle suddenly may make it hitting the engine. Release the handle slowly conforming to its recoiling force.
OPERATION 1. Preheat the engine and push back the choke lever to “OPEN” 2.
Engine Oil Alarm The engine oil alarm is designed to alarm the user the fact that the engine oil in the crankcase is insufficient. Running with insufficient engine oil may damage the engine. When the oil level in the crankcase is too low, the engine oil alarm will stall the engine automatically while the engine switch is still at “ON”. CAUTION If the engine still fails to work, check the engine oil level first before go to other check items.
STOP In an emergency, push the engine switch to “OFF” to stall the engine. During normal operation, stop the engine in the following sequence: Throttle Valve Lever 1. Push the throttle valve lever to the right. 2. Push the engine switch to “OFF” 3.
EXHAUST CONTROL SYSTEM With the engine running, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, and hydrocarbons will be produced, and in certain conditions, nitrogen oxide and hydrocarbons will react chemically with each other to make smoke. Exhaust control is very important, carbon monoxide is toxic. DuroMax Power Equipment decreases exhaust emissions by using lean carburetors and other devices in the engine design.
III. MODIFICATION Modifying the exhaust control system may cause exhaust emissions to exceed statutory limit values. Illegal modifications are as follows: 1. Dismantling or modifying any part of air inlet or outlet system. 2. Modify or remove speed-adjusting connection device or speed adjustment device to result in the engine running outside the set parameters. IV. PROBLEMS RELATED TO EXHAUST EMISSIONS 1. Difficultly starting or stopping the engine. 2. Unstable idle. 3.
MAINTENANCE I. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE To keep the engine in a sound condition, the user should maintain it according to the table below: Engine oil Reduction gear oil (optional) Air cleaner Deposit cup Spark plug Spark Arrestor Idling Valve Clearance Fuel tank & filter Fuel Line Oil level check Replace Oil level check Replace Check Clean Replace Clean Clean/adjust Replace Clean Check-adjust Check-adjust Clean Clean Every Use √ √ √ 1st Use and/or 20 hrs. 3 months and/or 50 hrs.
CAUTION We recommend that you use DuroMax Power Equipment OEM parts. Using aftermarket parts may damage the engine and will void the Manufacturer’s Warranty. NOTES *：Only for inside-ventilating double-core carburetors. **：Only for paper core air cleaners. ① More often than that in the schedule if in dusty circumstances. ② These items should be done by your dealer unless you are specially trained and are well equipped with tools.
WARNING Stop the engine before servicing. If service is required with the engine running, be sure to keep good ventilation in the area. The exhaust emissions from the engine contain toxic carbon monoxide, inhaling this toxic gas may do harm to personnel and even result in death. II. MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES 1. Changing the Oil A warm engine is helpful to drain out the engine oil in the crankcase quickly and completely. a) Remove the oil fill cap and drain plug to drain the engine oil thoroughly.
2. Air Cleaner Maintenance A dirty air cleaner may block proper airflow into the carburetor. Service the air cleaner regularly to keep the engine running in peak condition. If operating the engine in an extremely dusty area, the air cleaner should be serviced more often. WARNING Never clean the air cleaner in gasoline or low flash-point detergents, explosion may occur. CAUTION Never run the engine without an air cleaner, or air with dirt and dust may enter the engine and cause engine wear.
3. Cleaning the Fuel Cup Set the fuel valve to “OFF”, remove the fuel cup and O-ring. Wash them in non-flammable or high flashpoint cleansing solvents, dry them, and reinstall. Set the fuel switch to “ON” and check for leaks. O-Ring WARNING ● Gasoline is extremely flammable and explosive in certain conditions. Keep cigarettes, sparks, and open flames away. ●After reinstalling the fuel cup. check it for leaks and check the area around the engine for spilled fuel.
4. Spark Plug Spark plug type: BP6ES, BPR6ES (NGK) or NHSPLD F6RTCU Proper spark plug clearance will avoid spark plug deposits and wear. WARNING a) Remove the spark plug using the included Be careful not to touch the muffler spark plug wrench. during or just after running the engine. b) Clean the spark plug with a steel brush. If the insulator is damaged, replace the spark plug. Spark Plug Wrench c) Measure the spark plug clearance with a feeler. The clearance should be 0.7-0.8mm.
5. Spark Arrestor WARNING The spark arrestor should be serviced at least once Be careful not to touch the muffler every 100 hours of operation. during or just after running the engine. a) Unscrew two nuts M4, and remove the exhaust elbow from the engine body. b) Remove the (5) M5 screws from the muffler guard and remove the guard. Screw M5 c) Remove the M4 screw from the spark arrestor Muffler and separate it from the muffler.
6. Carburetor Idle Adjustment a) Start and warm up the engine to a normal running temperature. b) Set the idle speed by adjusting the throttle adjustment screw on the carburetor until the engine runs smoothly at the lowest speed possible.
TRANSPORT, STORAGE, AND REMOVAL FROM STORAGE I. II. TRANSPORT Transport with the fuel valve turned off. Always let the engine cool completely before transporting. STORAGE If the engine is stored for an extended period, be sure to store it properly. CAUTION To avoid fuel spins do not lean the engine when filling. Spilled fuel or fuel vapor may ignite and cause fire. 1. Drain the Gasoline from the carburetor and fuel valve. 2. Remove the spark plug. Pour 1 tbsp.
III. REMOVAL FROM STORAGE After storage perform maintenance according to the following: Storage time Service item Under 1 Month No additional maintenance is required 1 - 2 Months Completely drain and replace gasoline. 2 Months – 1 Year Completely drain and replace gasoline. Clean carburetor and fuel lines thoroughly. 1 Year or More Completely drain and replace gasoline. Clean carburetor and fuel lines thoroughly. Inspect cylinder and spark plug.
Troubleshooting Guide I. Will not start - Troubleshooting ISSUE PROBLEM 1. Fuel Low 2. Low Fuel Flow ▲ Good Compression ▲ Good Spark 3. Fuel System Issue ▲ Good Compression ▲ Good Spark ▲ Good Fuel Flow There is not enough fuel in the fuel tank or fuel valve is closed. Air vent valve in the fuel tank is clogged. Fuel valve is clogged. Improper or clogged main jet. SOLUTION Fill fuel tank, open fuel valve. Clear the air vent valve. Clean the fuel valve. Readjust or clean the main jet.
ISSUE 4. Fouled Spark Plug ▲ Good Compression ▲ Good Fuel Supply ▲ Good Ignition Coil 5. No Spark ▲ Good Compression ▲ Good Fuel Supply ▲ Good Spark Plug 6. Low Compression ▲ Good Fuel Supply ▲ Good Ignition System PROBLEM Carbon and/or dirt around electrodes. Electrode is burned, damaged seriously, or insulators damaged. lmproper spark plug gap. Spark plug cap is damaged. lgnition coil damaged. SOLUTION Clean Spark Plug. Replace spark plug. Adjust to proper value. Replace ignition coil.
II. Low Power - Troubleshooting ISSUE PROBLEM lgnition system lncorrect ignition timing Air in fuel line or fuel line clogged. Throttle speed increase responds slowly, speed drops, or engine stalls Fuel Supply System Main jet is not adjusted properly. ln carburetor, needle valve or main jet clogged. Fuel valve is clogged. Cylinder has carbon buildup. Air Cleaner is dirty or clogged. Fuel line is leaking. 27 SOLUTION Readjust ignition advance angle Bleed air from and clean the fuel line.
ISSUE PROBLEM Throttle speed increase responds slowly, speed drops, or engine stalls III. Low Compression SOLUTION Piston, cylinder, or piston rings are worn. Replace worn parts. Air leaking from below the cylinder head. Check cylinder head for warping, replace gasket, and torque to listed specifications. Valve clearance is incorrect. Loose or misaligned valve(s) Adjust the valve clearance. Repair and/or adjust valve seat and/or spring.
ISSUE PROBLEM SOLUTION Troubleshoot heat issue (See Troubleshooting Section V). Engine is overheating. Abnormal combustion Low or No Spark IV. Cylinder has carbon buildup. Clean carbon from the cylinder. Wrong fuel type. Select a proper fuel within requirements. There is water in float bowl. lmproper spark plug gap. lncorrect ignition timing lgnition coil damaged. Clean float bowl. Adjust to proper value. Readjust ignition advance angle Replace ignition coil. Engine Stalls - Troubleshooting.
ISSUE Engine Stalls when running. PROBLEM Spark plug is damaged or dirty. Ignition system Other SOLUTION Replace the spark plug. Spark plug electrode is damaged. Replace the spark plug and remove any debris from the engine. Spark plug cap is loose or damaged. Inspect and replace or connect spark plug cap. Engine oil is low. Add engine oil to the upper level mark. Spark plug wire is damaged or broken. Replace ignition coil complete. Stop switch wire is shorted to the engine block.
V. Running Hot - Troubleshooting TROUBLE CAUSE lncorrect ignition timing Engine oil is low. Engine is excessively hot Exhaust pipe is clogged Exhaust leak at muffler or cylinder head. Flywheel fan is dirty or clogged with debris. Flywheel fan is loose. Piston, cylinder, or piston rings are worn. Connecting rod is worn. Engine speed is set too fast. Crankshaft bearing is worn. REMEDY Readjust ignition advance angle Add engine oil to the upper level mark. Clean the exhaust pipe. Repair exhaust leak.
VI. Excess or Abnormal Noise TROUBLE Piston slap or banging sound is heard. CAUSE Piston, cylinder, or piston rings are worn. Piston pin and/or piston pin channel are worn. Connecting rod is worn. Crankshaft bearing is worn. Cylinder has carbon buildup. lmproper spark plug gap. Engine is flooded with fuel. Timing "off" or beating sound is heard. Wrong fuel type. Engine is overheating. Valve clearance is incorrect. REMEDY Replace worn parts. Replace piston and/or piston pin Replace connecting rod.
SPECIFICATIONS DuroMax XP18HP XP18HPE Engine Inclined overhead (OHV 25°), Single Cylinder, Forced Air Cooled, 4-Stroke Gasoline Engine Engine Type Rated Power (KW/rpm) Max Torque fuel consumption Oil consumption Lowest idling speed Noise Level Cylinder diameter Piston Stroke 192F 9.0 kW (18.0 HP) @ 3600 rpm 19.55 ft. lb. @ 2500 rpm Displacement 440 cc Compress ratio 8.
Adjustment Specifications Part Carburetor idling Valve clearance (cold) Spark plug type Spare plug clearance Engine Specifications Item Specification Specification 1700 ± 150 rpm Intake: .006 in ± .001 in. (0.15mm ± 0.02mm) Exhaust: .008 in ± .001 in. (0.20mm ± 0.02mm) BPR6ES (NGK) RN9YC (Champion) WR7DC (Bosch) W20EPR-U (Denso) .027-.031 in. (0.7-0.
ELECTRIC DIAGRAM 35
DuroMax Warranty: DuroMax items (including, but not limited to generators, gas engines, and water pumps) carry a 1-year limited parts warranty. If, under the course of normal, non-commercial use, the DuroMax item fails within 1 year from the date of purchase, as a result of faulty materials or workmanship, Max Tool will provide necessary replacement or repair parts at no charge for the parts.
DuroMax Power Equipment 5798 Ontario Mills Parkway Ontario CA 91764 Phone Support: Email Support: 800-629-3325 Option 4 M-F 7 am – 5 pm PST support@maxtool.
