AC1200 Wireless LAN Concurrent Dual Band Gigabit Router (2.4GHz: 300Mbps, 5GHz: 867Mbps) User’s Manual Version: 1.
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Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement FCC Part 15 This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of FCC Rules.
FCC Caution This equipment must be installed and operated in accordance with provided instructions and a minimum 20 cm spacing must be provided between computer mounted antenna and person’s body (excluding extremities of hands, wrist and feet) during wireless modes of operation. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
R&TTE Compliance Statement This equipment complies with all the requirements of DIRECTIVE 1999/5/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL of March 9, 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunication terminal Equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity (R&TTE). The R&TTE Directive repeals and replaces in the directive 98/13/EEC (Telecommunications Terminal Equipment and Satellite Earth Station Equipment) As of April 8, 2000.
CATALOG Chapter I: Product Information 1-1 Introduction and safety information..................... 9 1-2 Safety Information ......................................................................................... 11 1-3 System Requirements .................................................................................... 13 1-4 Package Contents ........................................................................................... 14 1-5 Familiar with your new wireless broadband router .............
2-6-1 LAN IP section: .................................................................................. 70 2-6-2 DHCP Server: .................................................................................... 71 2-6-3 Static DHCP Leases Table: ................................................................ 72 2-7 Wireless LAN Configurations ....................................................................... 74 2-7-1 Basic Wireless Settings ............................................................
3-4-1 System information and firmware version ....................................... 139 3-4-2 Internet Connection Status ............................................................... 139 3-4-3 Device Status .................................................................................... 140 3-4-4 System Log....................................................................................... 141 3-4-5 Security Log .....................................................................................
Chapter I: Product Information 1-1 Introduction and safety information Thank you for purchasing this wireless concurrent dual band router! This cost-effective router is the best choice for Small office / Home office users, all computers and network devices can share a single xDSL / cable modem internet connection at high speed. Easy install procedures allows any computer users to setup a network environment in very short time within minutes, even inexperienced.
one WAN port (10/100/1000M). • • • Provides IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac wireless LAN capability. Support DHCP (Server/Client) for easy IP-address setup. Support multiple wireless modes like: AP, Station-Infrastructure, Wireless Bridge and Universal Repeater. • Advanced network and security features like: Special Applications, QoS, DMZ, Virtual Servers, Access Control, Firewall. • Allow you to monitor the router’s status like: DHCP Client Log, System Log, Security Log and Device/Connection Status.
1-2 Safety Information In order to keep the safety of users and your properties, please follow the following safety instructions: 1. This router is designed for indoor use only; DO NOT place this router outdoor. 2. DO NOT put this router at or near hot or humid places, like kitchen or bathroom. Also, do not left this router in the car in summer. 3. DO NOT pull any connected cable with force; disconnect it from the router first. 4.
from the router or power supply, remove the power supply or switch the electrical power off immediately, and call dealer of purchase for help.
1-3 System Requirements Internet connection, provided by xDSL or cable modem with a RJ-45 Ethernet port. Computer or network devices with wired or wireless network interface card. Web browser (Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0 or above, Netscape Navigator 4.7 or above, Opera web browser, or Safari web browser).
1-4 Package Contents Before starting to use this router, please check if there’s anything missing in the package, and contact your dealer of purchase to claim for missing items: □ Broadband Gigabit Router (main body, 1 pcs)…………………… □ Quick Installation Guide (1 pcs) ………………………………… □ User Manual CD ROM (1 pcs) ………………………………….. □ A/C Power Adapter (5V2ADC) (1 pcs) ……………………….....
1-5 Familiar with your new wireless broadband router Front Panel LED Name PWR 2.4G 5G LAN 1-4 LNK/ACT WAN LNK/ACT LAN 1-4 1000M WAN 1000M Light Status On On Off Flashing On Off Flashing On Off Flashing On Off Flashing On Off On Off Description Router is switched on and correctly powered. 2.4GHz Wireless WPS function is enabled. 2.4GHz Wireless network is switched off. 2.4GHz Wireless LAN activity (transferring or receiving data). 5GHz Wireless WPS function is enabled.
Back Panel Antenna A Antenna B Item Name Description Antenna A/B It is dual band 3dBi antenna. Radio ON/OFF Switch the button to activate or deactivate the wireless function. Reset / WPS Reset the router to factory default settings (clear all settings) or start WPS function. Press this button and hold for 10 seconds to restore all settings to factory defaults; press this button for less than 5 seconds once to start 2.4GHz & 5GHz wireless WPS function. WAN Wide Area Network (WAN / Internet) port.
Antenna Angle Please adjust antenna angle to 45 degree as same as appearance of the graphic below in order to get the better wireless range. The front of wireless router will be the strongest signal of wireless, try to adjust front direction of this wireless router to face to the other wireless network products.
Chapter II: System and Network Setup 2-1 Build network connection Please follow the following instruction to build the network connection between your new WIRELESS router and your computers, network devices: 1. Connect your xDSL / Cable modem to the WAN port of router by Ethernet cable. 2. Connect all your computers, network devices (network-enabled consumer devices other than computers, like Game console, or Switch / Hub) to the LAN port of the router.
3. Connect the A/C power adapter to the wall socket, and then connect it to the ‘Power’ socket of the router. 4. Please check all LEDs on the front panel. ‘PWR’ LED should be steadily on, WAN and LAN LEDs should be on if the computer / network device connected to the respective port of the router is powered on and correctly connected. If PWD LED is not on, or any LED you expected is not on, please recheck the cabling, or jump to ‘4-2 Troubleshooting’ for possible reasons and solution.
2-2 Connecting to wireless broadband router by web browser After the network connection is built, the next step you should do is setup the router with proper network parameters, so it can work properly in your network environment. Before you can connect to the router and start configuration procedures, your computer must be able to get an IP address automatically (use dynamic IP address).
2. Select ‘Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server’ and then click ‘OK’.
2-2-2 Windows 2000 IP address setup: 1. Click ‘Start’ button (it should be located at lower-left corner of your computer), then click control panel. Double-click Network and Dial-up Connections icon; click Local Area Connection, and Local Area Connection Properties window will appear.
2. Select ‘Obtain an IP address automatically’ and ‘Obtain DNS server address automatically’, then click ‘OK’.
2-2-3 Windows XP IP address setup: 1. Click ‘Start’ button (it should be located at lower-left corner of your computer), then click control panel. Double-click Network and Internet Connections icon, click Network Connections, and then double-click Local Area Connection, Local Area Connection Properties window will appear, Select ‘Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)’ and then click ‘Properties’.
2. Select ‘Obtain an IP address automatically’ and ‘Obtain DNS server address automatically’, then click ‘OK’.
2-2-4 Windows Vista/Windows 7 IP address setup: 1. Click ‘Start’ button (it should be located at lower-left corner of your computer), then click control panel. Click Network and Sharing Center, and then click Change adapter settings. Right-click Local Area Connection, then select ‘Properties’.
2. Select ‘Obtain an IP address automatically’ and ‘Obtain DNS server address automatically’, then click ‘OK’.
2-2-5 Windows 8 IP address setup: 1. Right-click ‘Start’ button (it should be located at lower-left corner of your computer), then click control panel. Click Network and Sharing Center, and then click Change adapter settings. Right-click Ethernet, then select ‘Properties’.
2. Select ‘Obtain an IP address automatically’ and ‘Obtain DNS server address automatically’, then click ‘OK’.
2-2-6 Router IP address lookup After the IP address setup is complete, please click ‘start’ -> ‘run’ at the bottom-lower corner of your desktop: 30
Input ‘cmd’, then click ‘OK’ Input ‘ipconfig’, then press ‘Enter’ key. Please check the IP address followed by ‘Default Gateway’ (In this example, the IP address of router is 192.168.2.1, please note that this value may be different.
NOTE: If the IP address of Gateway is not displayed, or the address followed by ‘IP Address’ begins with ‘169’, please recheck network connection between your computer and router, and / or go to the beginning of this chapter, to recheck every step of network setup procedure. 3. Connect the router’s management interface by web browser After your computer obtained an IP address from router, please start your web browser, and input the IP address of router in address bar.
button, and you can see the web management interface of this router: NOTE: If you can’t see the web management interface, and you’re being prompted to input user name and password again, it means you didn’t input username and password correctly. Please retype user name and password again. If you’re certain about the user name and password you type are correct, please go to ‘4-2 Troubleshooting’ to perform a factory reset, to set the password back to default value.
2-3 Using ‘Quick Setup’ This router provides a ‘Quick Setup’ procedure, which will help you to complete all required settings you need to access the Internet in very short time. Please follow the following instructions to complete the ‘Quick Setup’: Please go to Quick Setup menu by clicking ‘Quick Setup’ button.
1. Set Time Zone 1 2 3 4 Here are descriptions of every setup items: Time Zone (1):Please press button, a drop-down list will be shown, and you can choose a time zone of the location you live. Time Server Address (2): Input the IP address / host name of time server here Daylight Savings(3): If the country you live uses daylight saving, please check ‘Enable Function’ box, and choose the duration of daylight saving. After you finish with all settings, please click ‘Apply’ (4) button.
2. Set Broadband Type Please choose the broadband (Internet connection) type you’re using in this page. There are six types of Internet connection, they are: Cable Modem Fixed-IP xDSL PPPoE xDSL PPTP xDSL L2TP xDSL Telstra Big Pond - Please go to section 2-3-1 - Please go to section 2-3-2 - Please go to section 2-3-3 - Please go to section 2-3-4 - Please go to section 2-3-5 - Please go to section 2-3-6 If you’re not sure, please contact your Internet service provider.
1 2 3 Here are descriptions of every setup items: Host Name (1): Please input the host name of your computer, this is optional, and only required if your service provider asks you to do so. MAC address (2): Please input MAC address of your computer here, if your service provider only permits computer with certain MAC address to access internet.
IP Address (1): Subnet Mask (2): Please input IP address assigned by your service provider. Please input subnet mask assigned by your service provider DNS Address (3): Please input the IP address of DNS server provided by your service provider. Default Gateway (4): Please input the IP address of DNS server provided by your service provider. You must use the addresses provided by your Internet service provider, wrong setting value will cause connection problem.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Here are descriptions of every setup items: User Name (1): Please input user name assigned by your Internet service provider here. Password (2): Please input the password assigned by your Internet service provider here. Service Name (3): Please give a name to this Internet service, this is optional MTU (4): Please input the MTU value of your network connection here. If you don’t know, you can use default value.
MTU - Please use default value if you don’t know what it is, or ask your service provider for a proper value. Connection Type - There are 3 options: ‘Continuous’ - keep internet connection alive, ‘Connect on Demand’ - only connects to Internet when there’s a connect attempt, and ‘Manual’ - only connects to Internet when ‘Connect’ button on this page is pressed, and disconnects when ‘Disconnect’ button is pressed.
WAN interface settings must be correctly set, or the Internet connection will fail even those settings of PPTP settings are correct. Please contact your Internet service provider if you don’t know what you should fill in these fields. Now please go to PPTP settings section: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Here are descriptions of every setup items: User Name (1): Please input user ID (user name) assigned by your Internet service provider here.
Check if you’re using the service provided by BEZEQ network in Israel. Connection type (7): Please select the connection type of Internet connection you wish to use, please refer to last section for detailed descriptions. Idle Time Out (8): Please input the idle time out of Internet connection you wish to use, and refer to last section for detailed descriptions. When you finish with all settings, please click ‘OK (9); if you want to go back to previous menu, click ‘Back’.
Please select the type of how you obtain IP address from your service provider here. You can choose ‘Obtain an IP address automatically’ (equal to DHCP, please refer to ‘Cable Modem’ section above), or ‘Use the following IP address’ (equal to static IP address, please refer to ‘PPPoE xDSL’ section above). WAN interface settings must be correctly set, or the Internet connection will fail even those settings of PPTP settings are correct.
type (5): connection you wish to use, please refer to last section for detailed descriptions. Idle Time Out (6): Please input the idle time out of Internet connection you wish to use, and refer to last section for detailed descriptions. When you finish with all settings, please click ‘OK (7); if you want to go back to previous menu, click ‘Back’. 2-3-6 Setup procedure for ‘Telstra Big Pond’: 1 2 3 4 5 This setting only works when you’re using Telstra big pond’s network service in Australia.
When you finish with all settings, click ‘OK (5); if you want to go back to previous menu, click ‘Back’. When all settings are finished, you’ll see the following message displayed on your web browser: Please click ‘Apply’ button to prepare to restart the router, and you’ll see this message: Please wait for about 40 seconds, then click ‘OK!’ button. You’ll be back to router management interface again, and the router is ready with new settings.
2-4 Basic Setup In this chapter, you’ll know how to change the time zone, password, and remote management settings. Please start your web browser and log onto router web management interface, then click ‘General Setup’ button on the left, or click ‘General Setup’ link at the upper-right corner of web management interface.
2-4-1 Time zone and time auto-synchronization Please click ‘System’ menu on the left of web management interface, then click ‘Time Zone’, and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: Please select time zone at ‘Time Zone’ drop-down list, and input the IP address or host name of time server. If you want to enable daylight savings setting, please check ‘Enable’ box, and set the duration of daylight setting. When you finish, click ‘Apply’.
2-4-2 Change management password Default password of this router is 1234, and it’s displayed on the login prompt when accessed from web browser. There’s a security risk if you don’t change the default password, since everyone can see it. This is very important when you have wireless function enabled.
Please retype the new password again when you see above message. If you see the following message: It means the content in ‘Current Password’ field is wrong, please click ‘OK’ to go back to previous menu, and try to input current password again. If the current and new passwords are correctly entered, after you click ‘Apply’, you’ll be prompted to input your new password: Please use new password to enter web management interface again, and you should be able to login with new password.
2-4-3 Remote Management This router does not allow management access from Internet, to prevent possible security risks (especially when you defined a weak password, or didn’t change default password). However, you can still management this router from a specific IP address by enabling the ‘Remote Management’ Function.
following message displayed on web browser: Press ‘Continue’ to save the settings made and back to web management interface; press ‘Apply’ to save the settings made and restart the router so the settings will take effect after it reboots. NOTE: When you want to manage this router from another computer on internet, you have to input the IP address and port number of this router.
2-5 Setup Internet Connection (WAN Setup) Internet connections setup can be done by using ‘Quick Setup’ menu described in chapter 2-3. However, you can setup WAN connections up by using WAN configuration menu. You can also set advanced functions like DDNS (Dynamic DNS) here.
2-5-1 Setup procedure for ‘Dynamic IP’: 1 2 3 Here are descriptions of every setup items: Host Name (1): Please input host name of your computer, this is optional, and only required if your service provider asks you to do so. MAC Address (2): Please input MAC address of your computer, if your service provider only permits computer with certain MAC address to access internet.
Please click ‘Continue’ (1) to back to previous setup menu; to continue on router setup, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). 2-5-2 Setup procedure for ‘Static IP’: 1 2 3 4 Here are descriptions of every setup items: IP Address(1): Please input IP address assigned by your service provider.
provided by your service provider. After you finish with all settings, please click ‘Apply’ (4) button and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). If you want to reset all settings in this page back to previously-saved value, please click ‘Cancel’ button.
Here are descriptions of every setup items: User Name (1): Please input user name assigned by your Internet service provider here. Password (2): Please input the password assigned by your Internet service provider here. Please give a name to this Internet service, this is optional Service Name (3): MTU (4): Please input the MTU value of your network connection here. If you don’t know, you can use default value.
Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). If you want to reset all settings in this page back to previously-saved value, please click ‘Cancel’ button. 2-5-4 Setup procedure for ‘PPTP’: PPTP requires two kinds of setting: WAN interface setting (setup IP address) and PPTP setting (PPTP user name and password).
WAN interface settings must be correctly set, or the Internet connection will fail even those settings of PPTP settings are correct. Please contact your Internet service provider if you don’t know what you should fill in these fields. Now please go to PPTP settings section: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Here are descriptions of every setup items: User Name (1): Please input user ID (user name) assigned by your Internet service provider here.
BEZEQ-ISRAEL (6): If you are connecting to the BEZEQ network in Israel. Please enable this function. Connection type (7): Please select the connection type of Internet connection you wish to use, please refer to section 2-5-3 for detailed descriptions. Idle Time Out (8): Please input the idle time out of Internet connection you wish to use, and refer to section 2-5-3 for detailed descriptions.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Here are descriptions of every setup items: 7 User ID (1): Please input user ID (user name) assigned by your Internet service provider here. Password (2): Please input the password assigned by your Internet service provider here. L2TP Gateway (3): Please input the IP address of PPTP gateway assigned by your Internet service provider here. MTU (4): Please input the MTU value of your network connection here. If you don’t know, you can use default value.
Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). If you want to reset all settings in this page back to previously-saved value, please click ‘Cancel’ button. 2-5-6 Setup procedure for ‘Telstra Big Pond’: 1 2 3 4 5 This setting only works when you’re using Telstra big pond’s network service in Australia.
Assign login Check this box to choose login server by yourself. server manually (3): Server IP Address (4):Please input the IP address of login server here. When you finish with all settings, click ‘Apply’ (5) button and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting).
1 2 3 Here are descriptions of every setup items: DNS Address (1): Please input the IP address of DNS server provided by your service provider. Secondary DNS Address (2): Please input the IP address of another DNS server provided by your service provider, this is optional. NOTE: Only IP address can be entered here; DO NOT use the hostname of DNS server! (i.e. only numeric characters and dots are accepted) 10.20.30.40……………………………………………………………… Correct dns.serviceprovider.com…………………………………………...
settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). If you want to reset all settings in this page back to previously-saved value, please click ‘Cancel’ button. 2-5-8 Setup procedure for ‘DDNS’: DDNS (Dynamic DNS) is an IP-to-Hostname mapping service for those Internet users who don’t have a static (fixed) IP address.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Here are descriptions of every setup items: Dynamic DNS (1): If you want to enable DDNS function, please select ‘Enabled’; otherwise please select ‘Disabled’. Provider (2): Select your DDNS service provider here. Domain Name (3): Input the domain name you’ve obtained from DDNS service provider. Account / E-Mail (4): Input account or email of DDNS registration. Password / Key (5): Input DDNS service password or key.
Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). If you want to reset all settings in this page back to previously-saved value, please click ‘Cancel’ button. 2-5-9 Setup procedure for ‘WISP’: If your network service provided by your service provider is through wireless network, please select this mode.
to associate to it for WAN access service. Note: In this mode, if you are informed by your wireless ISP that the wireless settings of the access point is changed, please configure the router in this page for matching the settings. Enable (Station Mode Only): enable this function and the router will act as a wireless client and after connecting to WISP network devices, WAN access service will be built up through wireless.
After you finish with all settings, please click ‘Apply’ (7) button and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). If you want to reset all settings in this page back to previously-saved value, please click ‘Cancel’ button.
2-6 Wired LAN Configurations Before all computers using wired Ethernet connection (i.e. those computers connect to this router’s LAN port 1 to 4 by Ethernet cable) can communicate with each other and access internet, they must have a valid IP address. There are two ways to assign IP addresses to computers: static IP address (set the IP address for every computer manually), and dynamic IP address (IP address of computers will be assigned by router automatically.
Please follow the following instructions to set wired LAN parameters: Please click ‘LAN’ menu on the left of web management interface, there are three setup groups here: ‘LAN IP’, ‘DHCP Server’, and ‘Static DHCP Leases Table’. Here are setup instructions for each of them: 2-6-1 LAN IP section: 1 2 3 4 Here are descriptions of every setup items: IP address (1): Please input the IP address of this router. Subnet Mask (2): Please input subnet mask for this network. 802.
2-6-2 DHCP Server: 1 2 3 4 These settings are only available when ‘DHCP Server’ in ‘LAN IP’ section is ‘Enabled’, and here are descriptions of every setup items: Lease Time (1): Please choose a lease time (the duration that every computer can keep a specific IP address) of every IP address assigned by this router from dropdown menu. Start IP (2): Please input the start IP address of the IP range. End IP (3): Please input the end IP address of the IP range.
2-6-3 Static DHCP Leases Table: This function allows you to assign a static IP address to a specific computer forever, so you don’t have to set the IP address for a computer, and still enjoy the benefit of using DHCP server. Maximum 16 static IP addresses can be assigned here.
After you clicked ‘Add’, the MAC address and IP address mapping will be added to ‘Static DHCP Leases Table’ section. 1 2 3 If you want to delete a specific item, please check the ‘Select’ box of a MAC address and IP address mapping (1), then click ‘Delete Selected’ button (2); if you want to delete all mappings, click ‘Delete All’ (3). After you finish all LAN settings, please click ‘Apply’ button on this page.
2-7 Wireless LAN Configurations If your computer, PDA, game console, or other network devices which is equipped with wireless network interface, you can use the wireless function of this router to let them connect to Internet and share resources with other computers with wired-LAN connection. You can also use the built-in security functions to protect your network from being intruded by malicious intruders. This router supports both 2.
web management interface, and the following message will be displayed on your web browser. You must enable wireless function of this router, or the wireless interface of this router will not function. Please select ‘Enable’ (1), then click ‘Apply’ (2) button. If you want to disable wireless function, please switch hardware button to turn off wireless radio at rear panel of device.
web management interface, then click ‘Basic Settings’, and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: 2.4GHz Wireless 5GHz Wireless This wireless router can be work in 6 modes: a. Access Point: Standard wireless AP . b. Station-Infrastructure: Configure the router to Ethernet device such us TV, Game player, HDD&DVD to enable the Ethernet device be a wireless station. c. AP Bridge-Point to Point: Connect this router with another wireless router, to expand the scope of network.
d. AP Bridge-Point to Multi-Point: Connect this router with up to four other wireless routers, to expand the scope of network. e. AP Bridge-WDS: Connect this router with up to four WDS-capable wireless routers, to expand the scope of network. f. Universal Repeater: The router can act as Station and AP at the same time. It can use Station function to connect to a Root AP and use AP function to service all wireless stations within its coverage.
Please select the radio band you want to use from ‘Band’ dropdown menu (2), and the following message will be displayed: 2.4GHz Access Point Settings 1 2 3 4 5 5GHz Access Point Settings 1 2 3 4 5 Here are descriptions of every setup items: Band (2): Please select the radio band from one of following options: 2.4GHz Band 2.4 GHz (B): this mode only allows 802.11b wireless network client to connect this router (maximum transfer rate 11Mbps).
2.4 GHz (N): this mode only allows 802.11n wireless network client to connect this router (maximum transfer rate 300Mbps). 2.4 GHz (B+G): this mode only allows 802.11b and 802.11g wireless network client to connect this router (maximum transfer rate 11Mbps for 802.11b clients, and maximum 54Mbps for 802.11g clients). 2.4 GHz (G): this mode only allows 802.11g wireless network client to connect this router (maximum transfer rate 54Mbps). 2.4 GHz (B+G+N): this mode allows 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.
5GHz (N+AC): this mode allows 802.11n and 802.11ac wireless network client to connect this router (maximum transfer rate 300Mbps for 802.11n clients, and maximum 867Mbps for 802.11ac clients). 5GHz (A+N+AC): this mode allows 802.11a, 802.11n and 802.11ac wireless network client to connect this router (maximum transfer rate 54Mbps for 802.11a clients, maximum 300Mbps for 802.11n clients, and maximum 867Mbps for 802.11ac clients). NOTE: For 802.
scenario when there is some radio communication problem. The available channels numbers for the following band are: 2.4GHz Band The available channel numbers are 1 to 13 for European countries, 1 to 11 for USA. 5GHz Band The available channel numbers are 36 to 140 (36~ 48, 52~64, 100~ 140) for European countries, and 36 to 48 and 149 to 165 for USA. Associated Clients (5): Click ‘Show Active Clients’ button, then an “Active Wireless Client Table” will pop up.
router. 2.4GHz Station (Infrastructure) Settings 1 2 3 4 5GHz Station (Infrastructure) Settings 1 2 3 4 Here are descriptions of every setup items: Band (2): Select the band you want to use. SSID (3): This is the name of wireless network. You can type the SSID of the network you would like to connect here. Site Survey (4): When you use this wireless router as a wireless station for Ethernet network device to have wireless capability, you have to associate it with a working access point.
2-7-1-3 Setup procedure for ‘AP Bridge-Point to Point’: In this mode, you can connect your wireless router with another, to combine two access points and expand the scope of wireless network, and all clients (wired only – AP will not accept wireless clients in this mode) of two wireless routers will think they’re on the same physical network. This function is very convenient when you need to connect two networks between two buildings.
routers must use the same setting. Channel Number (3): Select the channel you want to use, two wireless routers must use the same setting. MAC address 1(4): Input the MAC address of another wireless router. Security Settings (5): Click to setting security for this connection (Please go to section ‘2-7-3 Wireless Security’ for detailed instructions).
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5GHz AP Bridge ( Point to Multi-Point) Settings 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Here are descriptions of every setup items: Band (2): Select the band you want to use; all the wireless routers must use the same setting. Channel Number (3): Select the channel you want to use, all the wireless routers must use the same setting. MAC address 1 to 4 (4 - 7): Input the MAC address of other wireless routers.
Security Setting (8): Click to set security settings for this connection (Please go to section ‘2-7-3 Wireless Security’ for detailed instructions). 2-7-1-5 Setup procedure for ‘AP Bridge – WDS’ In this mode, you can expand the scope of network by combining up to four other access points together, and every access point can still accept wireless clients. NOTE: For WDS mode, the output signal nature is the same as that of normal AP mode. 2.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Here are descriptions of every setup items: Band (2): Select the band you want to use; all the wireless routers must use the same setting. SSID (3): Input the SSID of your wireless router, the setting should be the same with other wireless routers for the convenience of roaming. Channel Number (4): Select the channel you want to use, all the wireless routers must use the same setting.
2-7-1-6 Setup procedure for ‘Universal Repeater’ In this mode, the router can act as a wireless repeater; it can be Station and AP at the same time. It can use Station function to connect to a Root AP and use AP function to service all wireless stations within its coverage. NOTE: For Repeater Mode, this router will demodulate the received signal, checking if this signal is noise for the operating network then have the signal modulated and amplified again.
Here are descriptions of every setup items: Band (2): Select the band you want to use, all the wireless routers must use the same setting. SSID (3): This is the name of wireless router. You can type any alphanumerical characters here, maximum 32 characters. SSID is used to identify your own wireless router from others when there are other wireless routers in the same area.
Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on router setup, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). 2-7-2 Advanced Wireless Settings This router provides some advanced control of wireless parameters, if you want to configure these settings, please click ‘2.
5GHz Advanced Settings Here are descriptions of every setup items: Fragment Threshold (1): Set the Fragment threshold of wireless radio. Do not modify default value if you don’t know what it is, default value is 2346. RTS Threshold (2): Set the RTS threshold of wireless radio. Do not modify default value if you don’t know what it is, default value is 2347. Beacon Interval (3): Set the beacon interval of wireless radio. Do not modify default value if you don’t know what it is, default value is 100.
each other and pick a proper data transfer rate automatically, it’s not necessary to change this value unless you know what will happen after modification. N Data Rate (6): Same as above, but only for 802.11n & 802.11ac clients. Channel Width (7): Set channel width of wireless radio. You can modify default value if you know what channel width is you need, default setting is ‘20 MHz’.
when they’re being transferred over wireless network. If you don’t know what it is / not sure if you need it, it’s safe to set this option to ‘Enable’.
2-7-3-1 Disable wireless security When you select this mode, data encryption is disabled, and every wireless device in proximity will be able to connect your wireless router if no other security measure is enabled (like MAC address access control - see section 2-7-4, or disable ESSID broadcast). Only use this option when you really want to allow everyone to use your wireless router, and you don’t care if there’s someone reads the data you transfer over network without your consent.
will reduce some data transfer performance. Key Format (3): There are two types of key format: ASCII and Hex. When you select a key format, the number of characters of key will be displayed. For example, if you select ’64-bit’ as key length, and ‘Hex’ as key format, you’ll see the message at the right of ‘Key Format’ is ‘Hex (10 characters), which means the length of WEP key is 10 characters.
11 12 13 RADIUS Server IP address (11): Please input the IP address of radius server here RADIUS Server Port (12): Please input the port number of radius server here. RADIUS Server Password (13): Please input the port number of radius password here.
other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). 2-7-3-3 Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA): When you select this mode, the wireless router will use WPA encryption, and the following setup menu will be shown on your web browser: 1 2 3 4 5 Here are descriptions of every setup items: WPA Unicast Cipher Suite (2): Pre-shared Key Format (3): Pre-shared Key (4): Please select a type of WPA cipher suite.
After you finish WPA Pre-shared key setting, please click ‘Apply’ button (5) and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). NOTE: Some wireless clients (especially those manufactured before year 2003) only support WEP or WPA (TKIP) cipher.
WPA Unicast Cipher Suite (2): Please select a type of WPA cipher suite. Available options are: WPA (TKIP), WPA2 (AES), and WPA2 Mixed. You can select one of them, but you have to make sure your wireless client support the cipher you selected. RADIUS Server IP address (3): Please input the IP address of your Radius authentication server here. RADIUS Server Port (4): Please input the port number of your Radius authentication server here. Default setting is 1812.
2-7-4 Wireless Access Control This function will help you to prevent unauthorized users from connecting to your wireless router; only those wireless devices who have the MAC address you assigned here can gain access to your wireless router. You can use this function with other security measures described in previous section, to create a safer wireless environment. Up to 20 MAC addresses can be assigned by using this function. Please click ‘2.
Delete All (3): If you want to delete all MAC addresses listed here, please click ‘Delete All’ button. Enable To enforce MAC address filtering, Access Control (4): you have to check ‘Enable Wireless Access Control’. When this item is unchecked, wireless router will not enforce MAC address filtering of wireless clients. MAC Address (5): Input the MAC address of your wireless devices here, dash ( - ) or colon ( : ) are not required. (i.e.
Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). If you want to reset all settings in this page back to previously-saved value, please click ‘Cancel’ button.
2-7-5 Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) is the simplest way to build connection between wireless network clients and this wireless router. You don’t have to select encryption mode and input a long encryption passphrase every time when you need to setup a wireless client, you only have to press a button on wireless client and this wireless router, and the WPS will do the rest for you. This wireless router supports two types of WPS: Push-Button Configuration (PBC), and PIN code.
Here are descriptions of every setup items: Enable WPS (1): Check this box to enable WPS function, uncheck it to disable WPS. WPS Information (2):WPS-related system information will be displayed here: WPS Status: If the wireless security (encryption) function of this wireless router is properly set, you’ll see ‘Configured’ message here. If wireless security function has not been set, you’ll see ‘unConfigured’. PinCode Self: This is the WPS PIN code of this wireless router.
Configure Click ‘Start PBC’ to start Push-Button style WPS by Push Button (4): setup procedure. This wireless router will wait for WPS requests from wireless clients for 2 minutes. The ‘WLAN’ LED on the wireless router will be steady on for 2 minutes when this wireless router is waiting for incoming WPS request. Configure by client PinCode (5): Please input the PIN code of the wireless client you wish to connect, and click ‘Start PIN’ button.
2-7-6 Security Tips for Wireless Network Here are some quick tips to help you improve the security level of your wireless network: 1. Never use simple words (like school, apple and computer) as WEP encryption or WPA passphrase. 2. A complicated (the combination of number, alphabet, even symbol, and long enough) WEP key and WPA passphrase is much safer than simple and short ones.
Chapter III Advanced Functions 3-1 Quality of Service (QoS) Quality of service provides an efficient way for computers on the network to share the internet bandwidth with a promised quality of internet service.
1 2 3 5 6 7 8 4 9 10 11 Here are descriptions of every setting: Enable QoS (1): Check this box to enable QoS function, unselect this box if you don’t want to enforce QoS bandwidth limitations. Total Download Bandwidth (2): You can set the limit of total download bandwidth in kbits. To disable download bandwidth limitation, input ‘0’ here. Total Upload Bandwidth (3): You can set the limit of total upload bandwidth in kbits. To disable upload bandwidth limitation, input ‘0’ here.
Delete (7): You can delete selected rules by clicking this button. You can select one or more rules to delete by check the ‘select’ the box of the rule(s) you want to delete a time. If the QoS table is empty, this button will be grayed out and can not be clicked. Delete All (8): By clicking this button, you can delete all rules currently in the QoS table. If the QoS table is empty, this button will be grayed out and can not be clicked.
3-1-2 Add a new QoS rule After you click ‘Add’ button in QoS menu, the following message will appear: a b c d e f g h i Here are descriptions of every setup items: Rule Name (a): Please give a name to this QoS rule (up to 15 alphanumerical characters) Bandwidth (b): Set the bandwidth limitation of this QoS rule.
Local Port Range (d): Please input the range of local (source) port number that will be affected by this rule. If you want to apply this rule on port 80 to 90, please input ’80-90’; if you want to apply this rule on a single port, just input the port number, like ‘80’. Remote IP Address: (e): Specify the remote (destination) IP address that will be affected by this rule.
current QoS table; if you did anything wrong, you’ll get an error message when you click ‘Save’ button, please correct your input by the instructions given by the error message. If you want to erase all values you just entered.
3-2 Network Address Translation (NAT) Network address translations solve the problem if sharing a single IP address to multiple computers. Without NAT, all computers must be assigned with a valid Internet IP address to get connected to Internet, but Internet service providers only provide very few IP addresses to every user. Therefore it’s necessary to use NAT technology to share a single Internet IP address to multiple computers on local network, so everyone can get connected to Internet.
Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). 3-2-2 Port Forwarding This function allows you to redirect a single port or consecutive ports of Internet IP address to the same port of the IP address on local network.
Here are descriptions of every setup items: Enable Port Forwarding (1): Check this box to enable port mapping, and uncheck this box to disable port mapping. Private IP (2): Input the IP address of the computer on local network which provides internet service. Computer Name (3): Pull down the menu and all the computers connected to the router will be listed here. You can easily to select the computer name without checking the IP address of the computer.
Delete All (11): Delete all mappings existed in virtual server table. Reset (12): Unselect all mappings. After you finish with all settings, please click ‘Apply’ (13) button and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting).
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Here are descriptions of every setup items: Enable Virtual Server (1): Check this box to enable virtual server, and uncheck this box to disable virtual server. Private IP (2): Input the IP address of the computer which provides Internet service. Computer Name (3): Pull down the menu and all the computers connected to the router will be listed here. You can easily to select the computer name without checking the IP address of the computer.
Reset (9): Remove all inputted values. Virtual Server Table (10): All existing virtual server mappings will be displayed here. Delete (11): Please select a virtual server mapping by clicking the ‘Select’ box of the mapping, then click ‘Delete Selected’ button to remove the mapping. If there’s no existing mapping, this button will be grayed out. Delete All (12): Delete all mappings existed in virtual server table. Reset (13): Unselect all mappings.
3-2-4 Port Mapping for Special Applications Some applications require more than one connection a time; these applications won’t work with simple NAT rules. In order to make these applications work, you can use this function to let these applications work. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 11 12 9 13 10 14 Here are descriptions of every setup items: Enable (1): Check this box to enable special applications and uncheck this box to disable virtual server.
Comment (6): The description of this setting. Popula Applications This section lists the more popular applications that (7): require multiple connections. Select an application from the Popular Applications selection and click ‘Add’ to save the setting to ‘Current Trigger-Port Table.’ Add (8): Add the setting to the ‘Current Trigger-Port Table.’ Reset (9): Click ‘Reset’ will clear all above setting and you can set up again.
Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while the router is rebooting). If you want to reset all settings in this page back to previously-saved value, please click ‘Cancel’ button.
following message will be displayed on your web browser: Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting). If you want to reset all settings in this page back to previously-saved value, please click ‘Cancel’ button. 3-2-6 ALG Settings Application Layer Gateway (ALG) is a special function of this router.
There are many applications listed here. Please check the box of the special support for applications you need, and then click ‘Apply’ button and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting).
3-3 Firewall Excepting NAT, this router also provides firewall function to block malicious intruders from accessing your computers on local network. These functions include inbound attack prevention, and block outbound traffics, like block URLs which have pre-defined keywords.
rebooting). 3-3-1 Access Control This function allows or denies computers with specific MAC address from connecting to the network; it can also allow or deny computers with specific IP address, protocol, or port.
Client PC MAC address (2): Please input the MAC address of computer or network device here, dash ( - ) or colon ( : ) are not required. (i.e. If the MAC address label of your wireless device indicates ‘aa-bb-cc-dd-ee-ff’ or ‘aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff ’, just input ‘aabbccddeeff’ Computer Name (3): Pull down the menu and all the computers connected to the router will be listed here. You can easily to select the computer name without checking the IP address of the computer.
Enable IP Filtering (11): Check this box to enable IP address based filtering, and please select ‘Deny’ or ‘Allow’ to decide the behavior of IP filtering table. If you select deny, all IP addresses listed in filtering table will be denied from connecting to the network; if you select allow, only IP addresses listed in filtering table will be able to connect to the network, and rejecting all other network devices. IP Filtering Table (12): All existing IP addresses in filtering table will be listed here.
If you want to reset all settings in this page back to previously-saved value, please click ‘Cancel’ button. 3-3-1-1 Add PC After button is clicked, the following message will be displayed on your web browser: a b c d e f Here are descriptions of every setup items: Client PC Description (a): Please input any text to describe this IP address, up to 16 alphanumerical characters.
Client PC IP address (b): Please input the starting IP address in the left field, and input the end IP address in the right field to define a range of IP addresses, or just input the IP address in the left field to define a single IP address. Client PC Service (c): Please check all services you want to allow or deny this IP address to use, you can check multiple services. Protocol (d): If the service you need is not listed above, you can create a new service on your own.
Please follow the following instructions to set URL blocking parameters: Please click ‘Firewall’ menu on the left of web management interface, then click ‘URL Blocking’, and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Here are descriptions of every setup items: Enable URL Blocking (1): Check this box to enforce URL Blocking, uncheck it to disable URL Blocking. URL/Keyword (2): Input the URL (host name or IP address of website, like http://www.blocked-site.
Delete (6): If you want to delete a specific URL/Keyword entry, check the ‘select’ box of the MAC address you want to delete, then click ‘Delete Selected’ button. (You can select more than one MAC addresses). Delete All (7): If you want to delete all URL/Keyword listed here, please click ‘Delete All’ button. Reset (8): You can also click ‘Reset’ button to unselect all URL/Keywords.
This router has a built-in DoS attack prevention mechanism; when you activate it, the router will stop the DoS attack for you.
scanner’ to know how many ports of your Internet IP address are open, and they can collect a lot of valuable information by doing so. Check this box and the router will block all traffics which are trying to scan your Internet IP address. Sync Flood (4): This is another kind of attack, which uses a lot of fake connection request to consume the memory of your server, and try to make your server become unusable. Check this box and the router will filter this kind of traffic out.
3-3-3-1 DoS - Advanced Settings When you click ‘Advanced’ button in DoS menu, the following message will be displayed on your web browser: a b c d e Here are descriptions of every setup items: Ping of Death (a): Set the threshold of when this DoS prevention mechanism will be activated.
when this DoS prevention mechanism will be activated. After you finish with all settings, please click ‘Apply’ (e) button and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: Please click ‘Continue’ to back to previous setup menu; to continue on other setup procedures, or click ‘Apply’ to reboot the router so the settings will take effect (Please wait for about 40 seconds while router is rebooting).
1 3 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Here are descriptions of every setup items: Enable DMZ (1): Check this box to enable DMZ function, uncheck this box to disable DMZ function. Public IP address (2): You can select ‘Dynamic IP’ or ‘Static IP’ here. If you select ‘Dynamic IP’, you have to select an Internet connection session from dropdown menu; if you select ‘Static IP’, please input the IP address that you want to map to a specific private IP address.
Current All existing public IP address and private IP DMZ Table (7): address mapping will be displayed here. Delete (8): If you want to delete a specific DMZ entry, check the ‘select’ box of the DMZ entry you want to delete, then click ‘Delete Selected’ button. (You can select more than one DMZ entries). Delete All (9): If you want to delete all DMZ entries listed here, please click ‘Delete All’ button. Reset (10): You can also click ‘Reset’ button to unselect all DMZ entries.
3-4 System Status The functions described here will provide you the system related information. To enter system status menu, please either click ‘Status’ link located at the upper-right corner of web management interface, or click ‘Status’ button in main menu.
3-4-1 System information and firmware version You can use this function to know the system information and firmware version of this router. Please click ‘Status’ link located at the upper-right corner of web management interface, and the following message will be displayed on your web browser NOTE: Information displayed here may vary. 3-4-2 Internet Connection Status You can use this function to know the status of current Internet connection.
This information will vary depending on the connection status. 3-4-3 Device Status You can use this function to know the status of your router.
This information will vary depending on the device status. 3-4-4 System Log All important system events are logged. You can use this function to check the event log of your router.
Please click ‘System Log’ menu on the left of web management interface, and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: 1 2 3 The system events will be displayed in this page, and here are descriptions of every buttons: Save (1): Save current event log to a text file. Clear (2): Delete all event logs displayed here. Refresh (3): Refresh the event log display.
Please click ‘Security Log’ menu on the left of web management interface, and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: 2 1 The system events will be displayed in this page, and here are descriptions of every buttons: Save (1): Save current event log to a text file. Clear (2): Delete all event logs displayed here. Refresh (3): Refresh the event log display.
3-4-6 Active DHCP client list If you’re using the DHCP server function of this router, you can use this function to check all active DHCP leases issued by this router. Please click ‘Active DHCP client’ menu on the left of web management interface, and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: All information about active DHCP leases issued by this router will be displayed here. You can click ‘Refresh’ button to display latest information.
3-4-7 Statistics You can use this function to check the statistics of wireless, LAN, and WAN interface of this router. Please click ‘Statistics’ menu on the left of web management interface, and the following message will be displayed on your web browser: You can click ‘Refresh’ button to display latest information.
3-5 System Tools The functions described here will provide you system tools for the all the settings backup/restore, firmware upgrade and resetting the router to default settings. To enter system status menu, please either click ‘Tools’ link located at the upper-right corner of web management interface, or click ‘Tools’ button in main menu.
3-5-1 Configuration Backup and Restore You can backup all configurations of this router to a file, so you can make several copied of router configuration for security reason.
3-5-2 Firmware Upgrade The system software used by this router is called as ‘firmware’, just like any applications on your computer, when you replace the old application with a new one; your computer will be equipped with new function. You can also use this firmware upgrade function to add new functions to your router, even fix the bugs of this router.
Click ‘Browse’ button first, you’ll be prompted to provide the filename of firmware upgrade file. Please download the latest firmware file from our website, and use it to upgrade your router. After a firmware upgrade file is selected, click ‘Apply’ button, and the router will start firmware upgrade procedure automatically. The procedure may take several minutes, please be patient. NOTE: Never interrupt the upgrade procedure by closing the web browser or physically disconnect your computer from router.
Chapter IV: Appendix 4-1 Hardware Specification CPU: Realtek RTL8197D RF: Realtek RTL8192CE + RTL8812AR Gigabit Switch: Realtek RTL8367R-VB Flash: 4MB DDR2 RAM: 64MB WAN Port: 10/100/1000M Port x 1 LAN Ports: 10/100/1000M Port x 4 Antenna: 3dBi Dual Band Dipole Antenna x 2 (2T2R MIMO configuration) Power: DC 5V/2A Switching Power Adapter Dimension: 32(H) x 180(W) x 138(D) mm Temperature: 32~104°F (0 ~ 40°C) Humidity: 10-90% (Non Condensing) Certification: CE/FCC 150
4-2 Troubleshooting If you found the router is working improperly or stop responding to you, don’t panic! Before you contact your dealer of purchase for help, please read this troubleshooting first. Some problems can be solved by you within very short time! Scenario Router is not responding to me when I want to access it by web browser Can’t get connected to Internet Solution a. Please check the connection of power cord and network cable of this router.
d. e. f. g. h. i. I can’t locate my router by my wireless client a. b. c. d. File download is very slow or breaks frequently a. b. c. d. e. directly before, try to do that again, and check if you can get connected to Internet with your computer directly attached to the device provided by your Internet service provider. Check PPPoE / L2TP / PPTP user ID and password again. Call your Internet service provide and check if there’s something wrong with their service.
I can’t log onto web a. management interface: password is wrong b. c. Router become hot a. b. something wrong with their network. Make sure you’re connecting to the correct IP address of the router! Password is case-sensitive. Make sure the ‘Caps Lock’ light is not illuminated. If you really forget the password, do a hard reset. This is not a malfunction, if you can keep your hand on the router’s case.
4-3 Glossary Default Gateway (Router): Every non-router IP device needs to configure a default gateway’s IP address. When the device sends out an IP packet, if the destination is not on the same network, the device has to send the packet to its default gateway, which will then send it out towards the destination. DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. This protocol automatically gives every computer on your home network an IP address.
from 000 to 255, or as four cascaded binary numbers separated by “.”: bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb, where each “b” can either be 0 or 1. A network mask is also a 32-bit binary pattern, and consists of consecutive leading 1’s followed by consecutive trailing 0’s, such as 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000. Therefore sometimes a network mask can also be described simply as “x” number of leading 1’s.
Port: Network Clients (LAN PC) uses port numbers to distinguish one network application/protocol over another. Below is a list of common applications and protocol/port numbers: Application Protocol Port Number Telnet TCP 23 FTP TCP 21 SMTP TCP 25 POP3 TCP 110 H.323 TCP 1720 SNMP UCP 161 SNMP Trap UDP 162 HTTP TCP 80 PPTP TCP 1723 PC Anywhere TCP 5631 PC Anywhere UDP 5632 PPPoE: Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet.
network (as opposed to valid IP address numbers recognized by the Internet, which must be assigned by InterNIC). TCP/IP, UDP: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and Unreliable Datagram Protocol (UDP). TCP/IP is the standard protocol for data transmission over the Internet. Both TCP and UDP are transport layer protocol. TCP performs proper error detection and error recovery, and thus is reliable. UDP on the other hand is not reliable.
