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Table of Contents Title INTRODUCTION Congratulations! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . What is OBD? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 YOU CAN DO IT! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Safety First! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 ABOUT THE CODE READER Vehicles Covered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction CONGRATULATIONS! CONGRATULATIONS! on your choice of the OBD2 Code Reader. This powerful tool will help you take charge of your vehicle’s maintenance and servicing needs. Today’s vehicles use Computer Control Systems to ensure peak performance and fuel efficiency while reducing pollutants in the vehicle’s emissions.
Introduction WHAT IS OBD? WHAT IS OBD? The OBD2 Code Reader is designed to work on all OBD 2 compliant vehicles. All 1996 and newer vehicles (cars, light trucks and SUVs) sold in the United States are OBD 2 compliant. One of the most exciting improvements in the automobile industry was the addition of onboard diagnostics (OBD) on vehicles, or in more basic terms, the computer that activates the vehicle’s “CHECK ENGINE” light.
E5 45 04 P 44 ■ Connect the Code Reader to the vehicle’s test connector. ■ Turn the ignition key "On.” ■ DO NOT start the engine. ■ Turn the Code Reader “On” and press the LINK button. ■ The Code Reader retrieves stored codes and displays I/M Readiness status. ■ Codes are displayed on the Code Reader’s LCD display screen. Easy To Define . . . . ■ OBD2 Locate fault code(s) in the Fault Code Definition list.
Safety Precautions SAFETY FIRST! SAFETY FIRST! To avoid personal injury, instrument damage and/or damage to your vehicle; do not use the OBD2 Code Reader before reading this manual. This manual describes common test procedures used by experienced service technicians. Many test procedures require precautions to avoid accidents that can result in personal injury, and/or damage to your vehicle or test equipment.
Safety Precautions SAFETY FIRST! To prevent damage to the on-board computer when taking vehicle electrical measurements, always use a digital multimeter with at least 10 MegOhms of impedance. The vehicle's battery produces highly flammable hydrogen gas. To prevent an explosion, keep all sparks, heated items and open flames away from the battery. Don't wear loose clothing or jewelry when working on an engine. Loose clothing can become caught in the fan, pulleys, belts, etc.
About the Code Reader VEHICLES COVERED VEHICLES COVERED The OBD2 Code Reader is designed to work on all OBD 2 compliant vehicles. All 1996 and newer vehicles (cars and light trucks) sold in the United States are OBD 2 compliant. Federal law requires that all 1996 and newer cars and light trucks sold in the United States must be OBD 2 compliant; this includes all Domestic, Asian and European vehicles. Some 1994 and 1995 vehicles are OBD 2 compliant.
About the Code Reader BATTERY REPLACEMENT Data Link Connector (DLC) Location The 16-pin DLC is usually located under the instrument panel (dash), within 12 inches (300 mm) of center of the panel, on the driver’s side of most vehicles. It should be easily accessible and visible from a kneeling position outside the vehicle with the door open.
About the Code Reader CONTROLS AND INDICATORS CONTROLS AND INDICATORS 5 1 4 2 3 6 Figure 1. Controls and Indicators See Figure 1 for the locations of items 1 through 9, below. 1. ERASE button - Erases Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) and "Freeze Frame" data from your vehicle's computer, and resets Monitor status. 2. SCROLL button - Scrolls the LCD display to view DTCs when more than one DTC is present. 3.
About the Code Reader DISPLAY FUNCTIONS DISPLAY FUNCTIONS See Figure 2 for the locations of items 1 through 13, below. 13 12 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 9 8 Figure 2. Display Functions 1. MONITOR icon - Identifies the Monitor icon area. 2. RUN icon - Indicates the Monitor RUN status of all Monitors on the vehicle under test. 3. DONE icon - When visible, indicates that all the Monitors on the vehicle under test have run and completed their diagnostic testing.
About the Code Reader DISPLAY FUNCTIONS 9. Pending icon - Indicates the currently displayed DTC is a "Pending" code. 10. Code Number Sequence - The Code Reader assigns a sequence number to each DTC that is present in the computer's memory, starting with "01.” This helps keep track of the number of DTCs present in the computer's memory. Code number "01" is always the highest priority code, and the one for which "Freeze Frame" data has been stored.
About the Code Reader DISPLAY FUNCTIONS OBD2 E13 = Heated Catalyst Monitor = Evaporative System Monitor = Secondary Air System Monitor = Air Conditioning System Refrigerant (R-12) Monitor = Oxygen Sensor Monitor = Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor = Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Monitor 11
Preparation for Testing BEFORE YOU BEGIN BEFORE YOU BEGIN The OBD2 Code Reader aids in monitoring electronic- and emissions-related faults in your vehicle and retrieving fault codes related to malfunctions in these systems. Mechanical problems such as low oil level or damaged hoses, wiring or electrical connectors can cause poor engine performance and may also cause a "false" fault code. Fix any known mechanical problems before performing any test.
Preparation for Testing VEHICLE SERVICE MANUALS VEHICLE SERVICE MANUALS Always refer to the manufacturer's service manual for your vehicle before performing any test or repair procedures. Contact your local car dealership, auto parts store or bookstore for availability of these manuals. The following companies publish valuable repair manuals: ■ Haynes Publications 861 Lawrence Drive Newbury Park, California 91320 Phone: 800-442-9637 Web: www.haynes.
Preparation for Testing PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET The purpose of this form is to help you gather preliminary information on your vehicle before you retrieve codes. By having a complete account of your vehicle's current problem(s), you will be able to systematically pinpoint the problem(s) by comparing your answers to the fault codes you retrieve.
Preparation for Testing PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET WHEN DID YOU FIRST NOTICE THE PROBLEM: ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Just Started Started Last Week Started Last Month Other: LIST ANY REPAIRS DONE IN THE PAST SIX MONTHS: PROBLEMS STARTING ❑ No symptoms ❑ Will not crank ❑ Cranks, but will not start ❑ Starts, but takes a long time ENGINE QUITS OR STALLS ❑ No symptoms ❑ Right after starting ❑ When shifting into gear ❑ During steady-speed driving ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ IDLING CONDITIONS ❑ No symptoms ❑ Is too slow at all tim
Preparation for Testing PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION PROBLEMS (if applicable) ❑ No symptoms ❑ Vehicle does not move when in ❑ Shifts too early or too late gear ❑ Changes gear incorrectly ❑ Jerks or bucks PROBLEM OCCURS ❑ Morning ❑ Afternoon ❑ Anytime ENGINE TEMPERATURE WHEN PROBLEM OCCURS ❑ Cold ❑ Warm ❑ Hot DRIVING CONDITIONS WHEN PROBLEM OCCURS ❑ Short - less than 2 miles ❑ With headlights on ❑ 2 - 10 miles ❑ During acceleration ❑ Long - more than 10 miles ❑ Mostly
Using the Code Reader CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE Retrieving and using Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) for troubleshooting vehicle operation is only one part of an overall diagnostic strategy. Never replace a part based only on the DTC definition. Each DTC has a set of testing procedures, instructions and flow charts that must be followed to confirm the location of the problem. This information is found in the vehicle's service manual.
Using the Code Reader CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE 4. Turn the ignition on. DO NOT start the engine. 5. Press and release the LINK button. ■ The LCD display will show "rEAd.” ■ After 4-5 seconds, the Code Reader will retrieve and display any Diagnostic Trouble Codes that are in the vehicle's computer memory. ■ If an error message (Err, Err1 or Err2) is shown on the Code Reader’s LCD display, it indicates there is a communication problem.
Using the Code Reader ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCs) 8. If codes were retrieved, you can choose to: ■ Fix the problem yourself: If you choose to fix the problem yourself, read and follow all of the vehicle service manual’s recommendations and procedures. ■ Take your vehicle to an Automotive Service Center for repair: Take your vehicle, a copy of the completed Preliminary Vehicle Diagnosis Worksheet (see page 14) and codes retrieved to your technician for evaluation.
Using the Code Reader I/M READINESS TESTING 2. Press the Code Reader’s POWER button to turn the Code Reader "On.” 3. Turn the ignition on. DO NOT start the engine. Press and release the Code Reader’s LINK button to establish communication with the vehicle's computer. 4. Press and release the Code Reader’s ERASE button. The LCD display will indicate "SurE" for your confirmation. ■ If you change your mind and do not wish to erase the codes, press the LINK button to return to the code retrieval function.
Using the Code Reader I/M READINESS TESTING Emissions tests vary depending on the geographic or regional area in which the vehicle is registered. If the vehicle is registered in a highly urbanized area, the I/M 240 is probably the type of test required. If the vehicle is registered in a rural area, the stricter “dynamometer type” test may not be required.
Using the Code Reader I/M READINESS TESTING Emissions Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) Readiness Monitor Status Information I/M Readiness Monitor Status indicates which of the vehicle's Monitors have run and completed diagnosis and testing of their designated sections of the vehicle's emissions/engine systems, and which ones have not yet completed their diagnosis and testing.
Using the Code Reader I/M READINESS TESTING 2. In addition to the requirement that no Diagnostic Trouble Codes be present, some areas also require that all the Monitors that a particular vehicle supports indicate a "Has Run" status condition before an Emissions Check may be performed. 3. Other areas may only require that some (but not all) Monitors indicate a "Has Run" status before an Emissions Test (Smog Check) may be performed.
Using the Code Reader I/M READINESS TESTING certificate to be issued. Check with the local emission authorities/professionals in your area to see if an Emissions Test can still be performed and a certificate issued even if some of the Monitors "Have Not Run" and completed their assigned self-tests. 3.
Using the Code Reader WHAT’S NEXT? 3. After the erase procedure is performed, most of the Monitor icons on the Code Reader’s LCD display will be flashing. Leave the Code Reader connected to the vehicle, and perform a Trip Drive Cycle for each "flashing" Monitor: Misfire, Fuel and Comprehensive Component Monitors run continuously and their icons will always be on solid, even after the erase function is performed. ■ Each DTC is associated with a specific Monitor.
Using the Code Reader WHAT’S NEXT? ■ If DTCs are retrieved, it indicates there is a problem with one or more of the vehicle's systems. The vehicle should be inspected/repaired before driving the vehicle further. When checking to see if your vehicle is ready for an Emissions Test (Smog Check): ■ See "Performing I/M Readiness Quick Check" on page 22.
Learning More COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS The Introduction of Electronic Engine Controls Electronic Computer Control Systems make it possible for vehicle manufacturers to comply with the tougher emissions and fuel efficiency standards mandated by State and Federal Governments.
Learning More COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS The Basic Engine Computer Control System The Computer Control System consists of an on-board computer and several related control devices (sensors, switches, and actuators). The on-board computer is the heart of the Computer Control System. The computer contains several programs with preset reference values for air/fuel ratio, spark or ignition timing, injector pulse width, engine speed, etc.
Learning More COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS The computer compares the values received from these sensors with its preset reference values, and makes corrective actions as needed so that the sensor values always match the preset reference values for the current driving condition. The computer makes adjustments by commanding other devices such as the fuel injectors, idle air control, EGR valve or Ignition Module to perform these actions. Vehicle operating conditions are constantly changing.
Learning More COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS On-Board Diagnostics - Second Generation (OBD 2) In addition to performing all the functions of the OBD 1 System, the The OBD 2 System is an OBD 2 System has been enhanced enhancement of the with new Diagnostic Programs. These OBD 1 System. programs closely monitor the functions of various emissions-related components and systems (as well as other systems) and make this information readily available (with the proper equipment) to the technician for evaluation.
Learning More COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS The Main Objectives of the OBD 2 System are: ■ To detect degraded and/or failed emissions-related components or systems that could cause tailpipe emissions to exceed by 1.5 times the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) standard. ■ To expand emissions-related system monitoring. This includes a set of computer run diagnostics called Monitors.
Learning More COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS 32 E34 ■ Enabling Criteria - Each Monitor is designed to test and monitor the operation of a specific part of the vehicle's emissions system (EGR system, oxygen sensor, catalytic converter, etc.). A specific set of "conditions" or "driving procedures" must be met before the computer can command a Monitor to run tests on its related system. These "conditions" are known as "Enabling Criteria.” The requirements and procedures vary for each Monitor.
Learning More DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCs) Do not confuse a "Trip" Drive Cycle with an OBD 2 Drive Cycle. A Trip Drive Cycle provides the "Enabling Criteria" for one specific Monitor to run and complete its diagnostic testing. An OBD 2 Drive Cycle must meet the "Enabling Criteria" for all Monitors on a particular vehicle to run and complete their diagnostic testing.
Learning More DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCs) OBD 2 DTC EXAMPLE P0201 - Injector Circuit Malfunction, Cylinder 1 B C P U - Body Chassis Powertrain Network 0 1 2 3 - Generic Manufacturer Specific Generic Includes both Generic and Manufacturer Specific Codes P0201 Identifies the system where the problem is located: 1 - Fuel and Air Metering 2 - Fuel and Air Metering (injector circuit malfunction only) 3 - Ignition System or Misfire 4 - Auxiliary Emission Control System 5 - Vehicle Speed Control and Id
Learning More DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCs) The "Malfunction Indicator Lamp" (MIL) is the accepted term used to describe the lamp on the dashboard that lights to warn the driver that an emissions-related fault has been found. Some manufacturers may still call this lamp a "Check Engine" or "Service Engine Soon” light. There are two types of DTCs used for emissions-related faults: Type "A" and Type "B.” Type "A" codes are "One-Trip" codes; Type "B" DTCs are usually Two-Trip DTCs.
Learning More OBD 2 MONITORS ■ Misfire and fuel system faults require three trips with "similar conditions" before the MIL is turned "Off.” These are trips where the engine load, RPM and temperature are similar to the conditions present when the fault was first found. After the MIL has been turned off, DTCs, Freeze Frame data, and manufacturer-specific enhanced data stay in the computer's memory. This data can only be retrieved by using equipment such as a Scan Tool.
Learning More OBD 2 MONITORS 1. Oxygen Sensor Monitor 2. Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor 3. Catalyst Monitor 4. Heated Catalyst Monitor 5. EGR System Monitor 6. EVAP System Monitor 7. Secondary Air System Monitor 8. Air Conditioning (A/C) Monitor The following provides a brief explanation of the function of each Monitor: ■ Comprehensive Component Monitor (CCM) - This Monitor continuously checks all inputs and outputs from sensors, actuators, switches and other devices that provide a signal to the computer.
Learning More OBD 2 MONITORS ■ Misfire Monitor - This Monitor continuously checks for engine misfires. A misfire occurs when the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder does not ignite. The misfire Monitor uses changes in crankshaft speed to sense an engine misfire. When a cylinder misfires, it no longer contributes to the speed of the engine, and engine speed decreases each time the affected cylinder(s) misfire.
Learning More OBD 2 MONITORS ■ Heated Catalyst Monitor - Operation of the "heated" catalytic converter is similar to the catalytic converter. The main difference is that a heater is added to bring the catalytic converter to its operating temperature more quickly. This helps reduce emissions by reducing the converter's down time when the engine is cold.
Learning More OBD 2 MONITORS ■ Air Conditioning (A/C) Monitor - The A/C Monitor senses leaks in air conditioning systems that utilize R-12 refrigerant. Vehicle manufacturers have been given two options: 1. Use R-12 refrigerant in their A/C systems, and integrate an A/C Monitor in the OBD 2 systems of these vehicles to detect for refrigerant leaks; or 2. Use R-134 refrigerant instead of R12. The A/C Monitor is not required on these vehicles.
Learning More OBD 2 MONITORS The oxygen sensor must reach a temperature of at least 600650°F, and the engine must reach normal operating temperature, for the computer to enter into closed-loop operation. The oxygen sensor only functions when the computer is in closed-loop. A properly operating oxygen sensor reacts quickly to any change in oxygen content in the exhaust stream. A faulty oxygen sensor reacts slowly, or its voltage signal is weak or missing. The oxygen sensor is a "Two-Trip" monitor.
Learning More OBD 2 MONITORS OBD 2 Reference Table The table below lists current OBD 2 Monitors, and indicates the following for each Monitor: A Monitor Type (how often does the Monitor run; Continuous or Once per trip) B Number of trips needed, with a fault present, to set a pending DTC C Number of consecutive trips needed, with a fault present, to command the MIL “On” and store a DTC D Number of trips needed, with no faults present, to erase a Pending DTC E Number and type of trips or drive cycles needed
DTC Definitions DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE DEFINITIONS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE DEFINITIONS This section provides the most complete lists of DTC definitions available at the time of publication. OBD 2 is an evolving system; new codes and definitions are added as the system grows. ALWAYS check your vehicle's service manual for code definitions that are not listed here. For more information, visit our web site at www.CodeReader.com.
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0010 - P0057) GENERIC DTC DEFINITIONS Code P0010 "A" Camshaft Position - Actuator Circuit (Bank 1) P0011 "A" Camshaft Position - Timing Over-Advanced or System Performance (Bank 1) P0012 "A" Camshaft Position - Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 1) P0013 "B" Camshaft Position - Actuator Circuit (Bank 1) P0014 "B" Camshaft Position - Timing Over-Advanced or System Performance (Bank 1) P0015 "B" Camshaft Position - Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 1) P0020 "A" Camshaft Position - Act
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0058 - P0106) Code P0058 HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 2 Sensor 2) P0062 HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2 Sensor 3) P0063 HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 2 Sensor 3) P0064 HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 2 Sensor 3) P0065 Air Assisted Injector Control Range/Performance P0066 Air Assisted Injector Control Circuit or Circuit Low P0067 Air Assisted Injector Control Circuit High P0070 Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Circuit P0071 Ambient Air Te
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0107 - P0136) Code P0107 Manifold Absolute Pressure/Barometric Pressure Circuit Low Input P0108 Manifold Absolute Pressure/Barometric Pressure Circuit High Input P0109 Manifold Absolute Pressure/Barometric Pressure Circuit Intermittent P0110 Intake Air Temperature Circuit Malfunction P0111 Intake Air Temperature Circuit Range/Performance Problem P0112 Intake Air Temperature Circuit Low Input P0113 Intake Air Temperature Circuit High Input P0114 Intake Air Temperatur
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0137 - P0170) Code P0137 O2 Sensor Circuit Low Voltage (Bank 1 Sensor 2) P0138 O2 Sensor Circuit High Voltage (Bank 1 Sensor 2) P0139 O2 Sensor Circuit Slow Response (Bank 1 Sensor 2) P0140 O2 Sensor Circuit No Activity Detected (Bank 1 Sensor 2) P0141 O2 Sensor Heater Circuit Malfunction (Bank 1 Sensor 2) P0142 O2 Sensor Circuit Malfunction (Bank 1 Sensor 3) P0143 O2 Sensor Circuit Low Voltage (Bank 1 Sensor 3) P0144 O2 Sensor Circuit High Voltage (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0171 - P0204) Code P0171 System too Lean (Bank 1) P0172 System too Rich (Bank 1) P0173 Fuel Trim Malfunction (Bank 2) P0174 System too Lean (Bank 2) P0175 System too Rich (Bank 2) P0176 Fuel Composition Sensor Circuit Malfunction P0177 Fuel Composition Sensor Circuit Range/Performance P0178 Fuel Composition Sensor Circuit Low Input P0179 Fuel Composition Sensor Circuit High Input P0180 Fuel Temperature Sensor A Circuit Malfunction P0181 Fuel Temperature Sensor
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0205 - P0236) Code P0205 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 5 P0206 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 6 P0207 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 7 P0208 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 8 P0209 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 9 P0210 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 10 P0211 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 11 P0212 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 12 P0213 Cold Start Injector 1 Malfunction P0214 Cold Start Inj
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0237 - P0270) Code P0237 Turbocharger Boost Sensor A Circuit Low P0238 Turbocharger Boost Sensor A Circuit High P0239 Turbocharger Boost Sensor B Circuit Malfunction P0240 Turbocharger Boost Sensor B Circuit Range/Performance P0241 Turbocharger Boost Sensor B Circuit Low P0242 Turbocharger Boost Sensor B Circuit High P0243 Turbocharger Wastegate Solenoid A Malfunction P0244 Turbocharger Wastegate Solenoid A Range/Performance P0245 Turbocharger Wastegate Solenoid A
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0271 - P0306) Code P0271 Cylinder 4 Injector Circuit High P0272 Cylinder 4 Contribution/Balance Fault P0273 Cylinder 5 Injector Circuit Low P0274 Cylinder 5 Injector Circuit High P0275 Cylinder 5 Contribution/Balance Fault P0276 Cylinder 6 Injector Circuit Low P0277 Cylinder 6 Injector Circuit High P0278 Cylinder 6 Contribution/Balance Fault P0279 Cylinder 7 Injector Circuit Low P0280 Cylinder 7 Injector Circuit High P0281 Cylinder 7 Contribution/Balance Fault
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0307 - P0344) Code P0307 Cylinder 7 Misfire Detected P0308 Cylinder 8 Misfire Detected P0309 Cylinder 9 Misfire Detected P0310 Cylinder 10 Misfire Detected P0311 Cylinder 11 Misfire Detected P0312 Cylinder 12 Misfire Detected P0313 Misfire Detected with Low Fuel P0314 Single Cylinder Misfire (Cylinder not specified) P0320 Ignition/Distributor Engine Speed Input Circuit Malfunction P0321 Ignition/Distributor Engine Speed Input Circuit Range/ Performance P0322 I
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0345 - P0377) Code P0345 Camshaft Position Sensor "A" Circuit (Bank 2) P0346 Camshaft Position Sensor "A" Circuit Range/Performance (Bank 2) P0347 Camshaft Position Sensor "A" Circuit Low Input (Bank 2) P0348 Camshaft Position Sensor "A" Circuit High Input (Bank 2) P0349 Camshaft Position Sensor "A" Circuit Intermittent (Bank 2) P0350 Ignition Coil Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction P0351 Ignition Coil A Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction P0352 Ignition Coil B
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0378 - P0415) Code P0378 Timing Reference High Resolution Signal B Intermittent/Erratic Pulses P0379 Timing Reference High Resolution Signal B No Pulses P0380 Glow Plug/Heater Circuit Malfunction P0381 Glow Plug/Heater Indicator Circuit Malfunction P0382 Glow Plug/Heater Circuit "B" Malfunction P0385 Crankshaft Position Sensor B Circuit Malfunction P0386 Crankshaft Position Sensor B Circuit Range/Performance P0387 Crankshaft Position Sensor B Circuit Low Input P038
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0416 - P0445) Code P0416 Secondary Air Injection System Switching Valve B Circuit Open P0417 Secondary Air Injection System Switching Valve B Circuit Shorted P0418 Secondary Air Injection System Relay "A" Circuit Malfunction P0419 Secondary Air Injection System Relay "B" Circuit Malfunction P0420 Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1) P0421 Warm Up Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1) P0422 Main Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1) P0423
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0446 - P0473) Code P0446 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Control Circuit Malfunction P0447 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Control Open P0448 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Control Circuit Shorted P0449 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Valve/Solenoid Circuit Malfunction P0450 Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor Malfunction P0451 Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor Range/ Performance P0452 Evaporative
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0474 - P0517) Code P0474 Exhaust Pressure Sensor Intermittent P0475 Exhaust Pressure Control Valve Malfunction P0476 Exhaust Pressure Control Valve Range/Performance P0477 Exhaust Pressure Control Valve Low P0478 Exhaust Pressure Control Valve High P0479 Exhaust Pressure Control Valve Intermittent P0480 Cooling Fan 1 Control Circuit Malfunction P0481 Cooling Fan 2 Control Circuit Malfunction P0482 Cooling Fan 3 Control Circuit Malfunction P0483 Cooling Fan Ratio
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0520 - P0569) Code P0520 Engine Oil Pressure/Switch Circuit Malfunction P0521 Engine Oil Pressure/Switch Range/Performance P0522 Engine Oil Pressure/Switch Low Voltage P0523 Engine Oil Pressure/Switch High Voltage P0524 Engine Oil Pressure Too Low P0530 A/C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor Circuit Malfunction P0531 A/C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor Circuit Range/Performance P0532 A/C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor Circuit Low Input P0533 A/C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor Circ
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0570 - P0635) Code P0570 Cruise Control Accel Signal Malfunction P0571 Cruise Control/Brake Switch A Circuit Malfunction P0572 Cruise Control/Brake Switch A Circuit Low P0573 Cruise Control/Brake Switch A Circuit High P0574 Cruise Control System - Vehicle Speed Too High P0575 Cruise Control Input Circuit P0576 Cruise Control Input Circuit Low P0577 Cruise Control Input Circuit High P0578P0580 Reserved for Cruise Control Codes P0600 Serial Communication Link Malf
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0636 - P0711) Code Definition P0636 Power Steering Control Circuit Low P0637 Power Steering Control Circuit High P0638 Throttle Actuator Control Range/Performance (Bank 1) P0639 Throttle Actuator Control Range/Performance (Bank 2) P0640 Intake Air Heater Control Circuit P0645 A/C Clutch Relay Control Circuit P0646 A/C Clutch Relay Control Circuit Low P0647 A/C Clutch Relay Control Circuit High P0648 Immobilizer Lamp Control Circuit ("Immobilizer" pending SAE J19
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0712 - P0746) Code P0712 Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor Circuit Low Input P0713 Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor Circuit High Input P0714 Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor Circuit Intermittent P0715 Input/Turbine Speed Sensor Circuit Malfunction P0716 Input/Turbine Speed Sensor Circuit Range/Performance P0717 Input/Turbine Speed Sensor Circuit No Signal P0718 Input/Turbine Speed Sensor Circuit Intermittent P0719 Torque Converter/Brake Switch B Circui
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0747 - P0780) Code P0747 Pressure Control Solenoid Stuck On P0748 Pressure Control Solenoid Electrical P0749 Pressure Control Solenoid Intermittent P0750 Shift Solenoid A Malfunction P0751 Shift Solenoid A Performance or Stuck Off P0752 Shift Solenoid A Stuck On P0753 Shift Solenoid A Electrical P0754 Shift Solenoid A Intermittent P0755 Shift Solenoid B Malfunction P0756 Shift Solenoid B Performance or Stuck Off P0757 Shift Solenoid B Stuck On P0758 Shift So
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0781 - P0816) Code P0781 1-2 Shift Malfunction P0782 2-3 Shift Malfunction P0783 3-4 Shift Malfunction P0784 4-5 Shift Malfunction P0785 Shift/Timing Solenoid Malfunction P0786 Shift/Timing Solenoid Range/Performance P0787 Shift/Timing Solenoid Low P0788 Shift/Timing Solenoid High P0789 Shift/Timing Solenoid Intermittent P0790 Normal/Performance Switch Circuit Malfunction P0791 Intermediate Shaft Speed Sensor Circuit P0792 Intermediate Shaft Speed Sensor Cir
DTC Definitions GENERIC (P0817 - P0849) Code P0817 Starter Disable Circuit P0818 Driveline Disconnect Switch Input Circuit P0820 Gear Lever X-Y Position Sensor Circuit P0821 Gear Lever X Position Circuit P0822 Gear Lever Y Position Circuit P0823 Gear Lever X Position Circuit Intermittent P0824 Gear Lever Y Position Circuit Intermittent P0825 Gear Lever Push-Pull Switch (Shift Anticipate) P0830 Clutch Pedal Switch "A" Circuit P0831 Clutch Pedal Switch "A" Circuit Low P0832 Clutch Pedal
DTC Definitions CHRYSLER (P1103 - P1389) MANUFACTURER SPECIFIC CODES - CHRYSLER Code P1103 Turbocharger Waste Gate Actuator Malfunction P1104 Turbocharger Waste Gate Solenoid Malfunction P1105 Fuel Pressure Solenoid Malfunction P1195 Slow Switching O2 Sensor Bank One Sensor One During catalyst monitoring P1196 Slow Switching O2 Sensor Bank two Sensor one During catalyst monitoring P1197 Slow Switching O2 Sensor Bank One Sensor two During catalyst monitoring P1198 Radiator Temperature Sensor In
DTC Definitions CHRYSLER (P1390 - P1596) Code P1390 Timing belt skipped one tooth or more P1391 Intermittent loss of CMP or CKP P1398 Mis-Fire Adaptive Numerator at Limit (PCM is unable to learn the crank sensors signal for use in preparation for misfire diagnostics P1399 Wait to start lamp circuit P1403 No 5 volt feed to EGR P1475 Auxiliary 5 volt supply is too high P1476 Too little secondary air P1477 Too much secondary air P1478 Battery Temp Sensor Volts out of limit P1479 Transmissio
DTC Definitions CHRYSLER (P1597 - P1899) Code P1597 Speed control switch always low P1598 A/C pressure sensor input voltage too high P1599 A/C pressure sensor input voltage too low P1680 Clutch released switch circuit P1681 No I/P Cluster CCD/ J1850 messages received P1682 Charging system voltage too low P1683 Speed control servo power control circuit P1684 The battery has been disconnected within the last 50 starts P1685 The SKIM (Smart Key Immobilizer Module) has received an invalid key
DTC Definitions FORD (P1000 - P1133) MANUFACTURER SPECIFIC CODES - FORD Code P1000 OBD Systems Readiness Test Not Complete P1001 KOER Not Able to Complete, KOER Aborted P1100 Mass Air Flow Sensor Circuit Intermittent P1101 Mass Air Flow Sensor Out Of Self Test Range P1105 Dual Alternator Upper Fault P1106 Dual Alternator Lower Fault P1107 Dual Alternator Lower Circuit P1108 Dual Alternator Lower Circuit P1109 Intake Air Temperature B Circuit Intermittent P1111 System Pass P1112 Intake
DTC Definitions FORD (P1134 - P1187) Code P1134 Bank 1 Fuel Control Shifted Rich (FAOSC) P1135 Pedal Position Sensor A Circuit Intermittent P1137 Lack of HO2S12 Switches - Sensor Indicates Lean P1138 Lack of HO2S12 Switches - Sensor Indicates Rich P1139 Water in Fuel Indicator Circuit P1140 Water in Fuel Condition P1141 Fuel Restriction Indicator Circuit P1142 Fuel Restriction Condition P1150 Lack of HO2S21 Switches - Fuel Trim At Limit P1151 Lack of HO2S21 Switches - Sensor Indicates Le
DTC Definitions FORD (P1188 - P1232) Code P1188 Calibration Memory P1189 Pump Speed Signal P1190 Calibration Resistor Out Of Range P1191 Key Line Voltage P1192 V External P1193 EGR Driver Over Current P1194 ECM/PCM A/D Converter P1195 SCP HBCC Chip Failed to Initialize P1196 Key Off Voltage High P1197 Key Off Voltage Low P1198 Pump Rotor Control Underfueling P1209 Injector Control Pressure Peak Delta Test Fault P1210 Injector Control Pressure Above Expected Level P1211 Injector C
DTC Definitions FORD (P1233 - P1271) Code Definition P1233 Fuel Pump Driver Module Disabled or Off Line (Fuel Pump Driver Module) P1234 Fuel Pump Driver Module Disabled or Off Line (Fuel Pump Driver Module) P1235 Fuel Pump Control Out Of Range (Fuel Pump Driver Module/ VLCM) P1236 Fuel Pump Control Out Of Range (Fuel Pump Driver Module) P1237 Fuel Pump Secondary Circuit (Fuel Pump Driver Module) P1238 Fuel Pump Secondary Circuit (Fuel Pump Driver Module) P1239 Speed Fuel Pump Positive Feed
DTC Definitions FORD (P1272 - P1306) Code P1272 Cylinder #2 High To Low Side Open P1273 Cylinder #3 High To Low Side Open P1274 Cylinder #4 High To Low Side Open P1275 Cylinder #5 High To Low Side Open P1276 Cylinder #6 High To Low Side Open P1277 Cylinder #7 High To Low Side Open P1278 Cylinder #8 High To Low Side Open P1280 Injector Control Pressure Out Of Range Low P1281 Injector Control Pressure Out Of Range High P1282 Excessive Injector Control Pressure P1283 Injector Pressure Reg
DTC Definitions FORD (P1307 - P1400) Code P1307 Kickdown Relay Hold Circuit P1309 Misfire Monitor AICE Chip Fault, Misfire Monitor Disabled P1310 Ionization Misfire Detection Module Fault P1311 Ionization Misfire Detection Module Communication Fault P1316 IDM Codes Detected P1340 Camshaft Position Sensor B Circuit P1351 Ignition Diagnostic Monitor Input Circuit P1352 Ignition Coil A Primary Circuit P1353 Ignition Coil B Primary Circuit P1354 Ignition Coil C Primary Circuit P1355 Igniti
DTC Definitions FORD (P1401 - P1469) Code P1401 Differential Pressure Feedback EGR Circuit High Input P1402 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Metering Orifice Restricted P1403 Differential Pressure Feedback Sensor Hoses Reversed P1404 EGR Temperature Sensor Circuit P1405 Differential Pressure Feedback Sensor Upstream Hose Off Or Plugged P1406 Differential Pressure Feedback Sensor Downstream Hose Off Or Plugged P1407 Exhaust Gas Recirculation No Flow Detected P1408 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Out
DTC Definitions FORD (P1473 - P1566) Code P1473 Fan Circuit Open (VLCM) P1474 Fan Control Primary Circuit P1479 High Fan Control Primary Circuit P1480 Fan Secondary Low With Low Fan On P1481 Fan Secondary Low With High Fan On P1482 SCP P1483 Brake Pedal Input Short To Battery P1484 Fan Driver Circuit Open To Power Ground (VLCM) P1485 Brake Pedal Input Short To Battery P1500 Vehicle Speed Sensor P1501 Vehicle Speed Sensor Out Of Self Test Range P1502 Vehicle Speed Sensor Intermittent
DTC Definitions FORD (P1567 - P1625) Code P1567 Speed Control Output Circuit P1568 Speed Control Unable To Hold Speed P1572 Brake Pedal Switch Circuit P1573 Throttle Position Not Available P1574 Throttle Position Sensor Outputs Disagree P1575 Pedal Position Out Of Self Test Range P1576 Pedal Position Not Available P1577 Pedal Position Sensor Outputs Disagree P1578 ETC Power Less Than Demand P1579 ETC In Power Limiting Mode P1580 Electronic Throttle Monitor PCM Override P1581 Electron
DTC Definitions FORD (P1626 - P1716) Code P1626 A/C Circuit Open to Power B+ (VLCM) P1633 Keep Alive Power Voltage Too Low P1635 Tire/Axle Out of Acceptable Range P1636 Inductive Signature Chip Communication Error P1639 Vehicle ID Block Corrupted, Not Programmed P1640 Powertrain DTCs Available In Another Control Module (Ref.
DTC Definitions FORD (P1717 - P1785) Code P1717 Shift Solenoid D Inductive Signature P1718 Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor In Range Failure (>250 deg F) P1727 Coast Clutch Solenoid Inductive Signature P1728 Transmission Slip P1729 4x4L Switch P1731 1-2 Shift Malfunction P1732 2-3 Shift Malfunction P1733 3-4 Shift Malfunction P1740 Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid Inductive Signature P1741 Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid Control Error P1742 Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid Circui
DTC Definitions FORD (P1786 - P1882) Code P1786 3-2 Downshift Error P1787 2-1 Downshift Error P1788 Pressure Control Solenoid B Open Circuit P1789 Pressure Control Solenoid B Short Circuit P1795 Inconsistent CAN Level P1804 4-Wheel Drive High Indicator Circuit Open or Shorted To Ground P1806 4-Wheel Drive High Indicator Short To Battery P1808 4-Wheel Drive Low Indicator Circuit Open or Short To Ground P1810 4-Wheel Drive Low Indicator Short To Battery P1812 4-Wheel Drive Mode Select Swit
DTC Definitions FORD (P1883 - P1901) Code Definition P1883 Engine Coolant Level Switch Circuit P1884 Engine Coolant Level Lamp Circuit Short To Ground P1891 Transfer Case Contact Plate Ground Return Open Circuit P1900 Output Shaft Speed Sensor Circuit Intermittent P1901 Turbine Shaft Speed Sensor Circuit Intermittent 80 E82 OBD2
DTC Definitions GENERAL MOTORS (P1031 - P1188) MANUFACTURER SPECIFIC CODES - GENERAL MOTORS Code P1031 H02 Sensor Heater Control Circuit Problem P1106 MAP Sensor Circuit Intermittent High or Low Voltage P1107 MAP Sensor Circuit Intermittent Voltage Low P1108 BARO to MAP Signal Circuit Comparison Too High P1111 IAT Sensor Circuit Intermittent Voltage High P1112 IAT Sensor Circuit Intermittent Voltage Low (except Catera) P1112 Intake Plenum Switchover Valve Control (Catera) P1113 Intake Resona
DTC Definitions GENERAL MOTORS (P1188 - P1320) Code P1188 Engine Oil Pressure Sensor Circuit Voltage High (1997 Corvette) P1189 Engine Oil Pressure Switch Circuit P1200 Injector Control Circuit P1214 Injection Pump Timing Offset P1215 Generator Driver Circuit P1216 Fuel Solenoid Response Time Too Short P1217 Fuel Solenoid Response Time Too Long P1218 Injection Pump Calibration Circuit P1220 Throttle Position (TP) Sensor 2 Circuit Fault P1221 TP Sensor 1, 2 Performance P1222 Injector Co
DTC Definitions GENERAL MOTORS (P1323 - P1406) Code P1323 ICM 24X Reference Circuit Low Frequency P1335 Crankshaft Positioning Sensing Circuit P1336 CKP System Variation Not Learned P1345 Camshaft To Crankshaft Position Correlation Fault P1346 CKP Sensor System Variation Not Learned/ Intake Camshaft Position Performance P1349 Intake Camshaft Position System P1350 Ignition Control System P1351 Ignition Control Circuit Voltage High (except 1998 3.
DTC Definitions GENERAL MOTORS (P1408 - P1527) Code P1408 MAP Sensor Circuit P1410 Fuel Tank Pressure System P1415 AIR System Bank 1 P1416 AIR System Bank 2 P1431 Fuel Level Sensor 2 Circuit Performance P1432 Fuel Level Sensor 2 Circuit Voltage Low P1433 Fuel Level Sensor 2 Circuit Voltage High P1441 EVAP System Flow During Non-Purge P1442 EVAP Vacuum Switch Circuit P1450 BARO Sensor Circuit P1451 BARO Sensor Circuit P1460 Cooling Fan Circuit (except Catera) P1460 Misfire Detected
DTC Definitions GENERAL MOTORS (P1530 - P1571) Code P1530 Ignition Timing Adjustment Switch Circuit P1530 A/C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor Error P1531 Low Air Conditioning Refrigerant Charge P1532 A/C Evaporator Temperature Circuit Voltage Low P1533 A/C Low Side Temperature Sensor Circuit P1535 A/C/ High Side Temperature Sensor Circuit P1536 A/C System ECT Overtemperature P1537 A/C Request Circuit Voltage Low P1538 A/C Request Circuit Voltage High P1539 A/C High Pressure Switch Circuit Vo
DTC Definitions GENERAL MOTORS (P1571 - P1610) Code P1571 Traction Control System PWM Circuit No Frequency (4.0L & 4.6L) P1571 ASR Desired Torque (1997-98 5.
DTC Definitions GENERAL MOTORS (P1610 - P1642) Code P1610 Standard Body Module Series Data CKT (1998) P1611 Loss Of CVRTD Serial Data P1617 Engine Oil Level Switch Circuit P1619 Engine Oil Lite Monitor Reset Circuit P1620 Low Engine Coolant Level (Saturn) P1621 PCM Memory Performance (Except 1998 5.7L) P1621 VCM EEPROM Performance (1998 5.
DTC Definitions GENERAL MOTORS (P1642 - P1663) Code P1642 AIR Control Circuit (3.4L) P1642 Change Oil Lamp Control Circuit (1998 3.1L Lumina & Monte Carlo) P1643 Fuel Pump PWM Control Circuit (Except 5.7L VINs P & 5) P1643 Engine RPM Output Circuit (5.7L VINs P & 5) P1644 Delivered Torque Output Circuit P1645 Boost Control Solenoid Circuit (Except 4.0L & 4.6L) P1645 EVAP Solenoid Output Circuit (4.0L & 4.6L) P1646 Boost Control Solenoid Control Circuit (Except 4.0L & 4.
DTC Definitions GENERAL MOTORS (P1664 - P1825) Code P1664 Skip Shift 1-4 Upshift Lamp Control Circuit P1665 DBCM/DBTCM Serial Data Circuit (1996-97) P1665 EVAP Vent Valve Solenoid Control Circuit (1998) P1667 Reverse Inhibitor Solenoid Control Circuit (1996-97) P1667 Fuel Pump Speed Control Circuit (1998) P1670 QDM 4 Circuit P1671 MIL Control Circuit P1671 Oil Change Lamp Control Circuit P1672 Low Engine Oil Level Lamp Circuit P1673 Engine Hot Lamp Control Circuit P1674 Tachometer Cont
DTC Definitions GENERAL MOTORS (P1826 - P1895) Code P1826 Internal Mode Switch - Invalid Range P1835 Kickdown Switch Circuit P1842 1-2 Shift Solenoid Circuit Low Input P1843 1-2 Shift Solenoid Circuit High Input P1845 2-3 Shift Solenoid Circuit Low Input P1847 2-3 Shift Solenoid Circuit High Input P1850 Brake Band Apply Solenoid P1860 TCC PWM Solenoid Circuit P1864 TCC Enable Solenoid Circuit P1868 Transmission Fluid Life P1870 Trans Component Slipping P1875 4WD Low Switch Circuit El
DTC Definitions HONDA (P1106- P1382) MANUFACTURER SPECIFIC CODES - HONDA Code P1106 BARO Circuit Range/Performance P1107 BARO Circuit Low Input P1108 BARO Circuit High Input P1121 Throttle Position Lower Than Expected P1122 Throttle Position Higher Than Expected P1128 MAP Lower Than Expected P1129 MAP Higher Than Expected P1149 Primary HO2S (Sensor 1) Circuit Range/Performance Problem P1162 Primary HO2S (No. 1) Circuit Malfunction P1163 Primary HO2S (No.
DTC Definitions HONDA (P1456 - P1687) Code Definition P1456 EVAP Emission Control System Leak Detected (Fuel Tank System) P1457 EVAP Emission Control System Leak Detected (Control Canister System) P1459 EVAP Emission Purge Flow Switch Malfunction P1491 EGR valve Lift Insufficient Detected P1498 EGR Valve Lift Sensor High Voltage P1508 IAC Valve Circuit Failure P1509 IAC Valve Circuit Failure P1519 Idle Air Control Valve Circuit Failure P1607 EGM/PGM Internal Circuit Failure A P1655 SEA
DTC Definitions TOYOTA (P1100- P1346) MANUFACTURER SPECIFIC CODES - TOYOTA Code P1100 BARO Sensor Circuit malfunction P1120 Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor Circuit Malfunction P1121 Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor Range/Performance Problem P1125 Throttle Control Motor Circuit Malfunction P1126 Magnetic Clutch Circuit Malfunction P1127 ETCS Actuator Power Source Circuit Malfunction P1128 Throttle Control Motor Lock Malfunction P1129 Electric Throttle Control System Malfunction P1130 Air
DTC Definitions TOYOTA (P1349 - P1780) Code P1349 VVT System Malfunction P1400 Sub-Throttle Position Sensor Malfunction P1401 Sub-Throttle Position Sensor Range/Performance Problem P1405 Turbo Pressure Sensor Circuit Malfunction P1406 Turbo Pressure Sensor Range/Performance Problem P1410 EGR P1411 EGR Valve Position Sensor Circuit Ranger/Performance P1500 Starter Signal Circuit Malfunction P1510 Boost Pressure Control Circuit Malfunction P1511 Boost Pressure Low Malfunction P1512 Boost
Glossary GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS INTRODUCTION This Glossary contains definitions for abbreviations and terms you may find in this manual or in your vehicle service manual.
Glossary GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS Manufacturer Specific Code – A DTC that applies only to OBD 2 compliant vehicles made by a specific manufacturer. MIL – Malfunction Indicator Lamp (also referred to as “Check Engine” light OBD 1 – On-Board Diagnostics Version 1 (also referred to as “OBD I”) OBD 2 – On-Board Diagnostics Version 2 (also referred to as “OBD II”) On-Board Computer – The central processing unit in the vehicle’s computer control system.
Warranty and Servicing The Manufacturer warrants to the original purchaser that this unit is free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and maintenance for a period of one (1) year from the date of original purchase. If the unit fails within the one (1) year period, it will be repaired or replaced, at the Manufacturer's option, at no charge, when returned prepaid to the Technical Service Center with Proof of Purchase. The sales receipt may be used for this purpose.
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