IMPORTANT NOTICE DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY Epson America makes no representations or warranties, either express or implied, by or with respect to anything in this manual, and shall not be liable for any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose or for any indirect, special, or consequential damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion of incidental or consequential damages, so this exclusion may not apply to you. COPYRIGHT NOTICE All rights reserved.
Important Safety Instructions 1. Read all of these instructions and save them for later reference. 2. Follow all warnings and instructions marked on the computer. 3. Unplug the computer from the wall outlet before cleaning. Use a damp cloth for cleaning; do not use liquid or aerosol cleaners. 4. Do not spill liquid of any kind on the computer. 5. Do not place the computer on an unstable cart, stand, or table. 6.
11. If you use an extension cord with the computer, make sure the total of the ampere ratings of the devices plugged into the extension cord does not exceed the ampere rating for the extension cord. Also, make sure the total of all products plugged into the wall outlet does not exceed 15 amperes. 12. Do not insert objects of any kind into this product through the cabinet slots. 13. Except as specifically explained in this User’s Guide, do not attempt to service the computer yourself.
Instructions Importantes de Sécurité 1. Lire complètement les instructions qui suivent et les conserver pour references futures. 2. Bien suivre tous les avertissements et les instructions indiqués sur l’ordinateur. 3. Debrancher l’ordinateur de toute sortie murale avant le nettoyage. Utiliser un chiffon humide; ne jamais utiliser un nettoyeur liquide ou une bonbonne aerosol. 4. Ne jamais renverser un liquide d’aucune sorte sur l’ordinateur. 5.
11. Dans le cas où on utilise un cordon de rallonge avec l’ordinateur, on doit s’assurer que la valeur totale d’ampères branches dans le cordon n’excède en aucun temps les amperes du cordon de rallonge. La quantité totale des appareils branches dans la prise murale ne doit jamais excéder 15 amperes. 12. Ne jamais insérer un objet de quelque sorte que ce soit dans les cavités de cet appareil. 13.
Contents Introduction VGA and IDE Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Optional Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cache Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Video Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Microprocessor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Math Coprocessor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 2 Running the SETUP Program Starting the SETUP Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The System Setup Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting the Time and Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting the Video Display Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Checking System Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting the Diskette Drive(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Fixed Disk Setup Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing an Option Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Removing the Option Card Connector Board . . . . . . . . . . Replacing the Option Card Connector Board . . . . . . . . . . Adding Video Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installing the Video Chips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installing External Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installing the Chips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Upgrading the Microprocessor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Identifying Your System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Computer Will Not Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Computer Does Not Respond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Keyboard Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitor Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diskette Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diskette Drive Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMA Assignments . . . . Hardware Interrupts . . . System Memory Map . . . System I/O Address Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Your new Epson® ActionDesk™ 4000 computer is a fast, high-performance, all-in-one system offering flexibility and expandability in a compact design.
Support for up to four mass storage devices (two externally accessible and two internal) Password security. Using the built-in interfaces, you can connect most of your peripheral devices directly to the computer so you do not have to install option cards. You can use the option slots to enhance your system with extra functions such as a modem card, a network controller card, or additional interface ports.
VGA and IDE Drivers Your computer comes with special VGA and IDE drivers for use with the integrated local bus VGA interface and the local bus IDE hard disk interface. With the VGA drivers, you can take advantage of the extended VGA features such as high resolutions and 132-column text mode when you run popular application programs. With the IDE drivers, you can take advantage of the high-speed, 32-bit local bus IDE hard disk drive interface.
Video Memory You can add video memory chips to your system board to increase the video memory to 2MB and support higher video resolutions with more colors. Microprocessor You can upgrade your system with these microprocessors: 486SX/33 486DX/33 486DX2/50 486DX2 /66. Math Coprocessor You automatically install a math coprocessor when you upgrade your system with a DX or DX2 microprocessor, because a math coprocessor is built into the 486DX and 486DX2 chips.
How to Use This Manual This manual contains the information you need to get the best results from your computer. You don’t have to read everything in this book; see the following chapter summaries to find the sections you need. Chapter 1 provides simple instructions for setting up your system and connecting peripheral devices such as the monitor and printer. Chapter 2 describes how to run the SETUP program to define your computer’s configuration. You may need to do this the first time you use your computer.
Conventions Used in This Manual This manual uses the following type conventions: Example Meaning Enter Keys you press on the keyboard Ctrl C Keys you press at the same time; hold down the key marked Ctrl and press the letter C C:\DOS Text as it appears on the screen DISKCOPY A: B: Text that you type exactly as shown path\filename Words printed in lowercase italics represent optional parameter names; here you would type the actual path and filename, such as \WORK\CONTACT SERIAL 1 Names of hardwa
Sales of Epson computers as well as ribbons, supplies, parts, documentation, and accessories for your Epson product Customer Relations Epson technical information library fax service-also available directly by calling the toll number (310) 782-4214 Product literature with technical specifications on our current and new products User group locations. If you need help with any software you are using, see the documentation that came with it for technical support.
Chapter 1 Setting Up Your System This chapter briefly describes how to set up your computer. It includes the following information: Getting started Connecting the computer Turning on the computer Turning off the computer. Getting Started Follow the instructions below for choosing a location for your new system and unpacking it. Choosing a Location When you are ready to set up your system, choose a safe, convenient location that provides the following: A flat, hard surface.
Good air circulation. Leave several inches of space around the computer so air can move freely. No electromagnetic interference. Do not place your system too close to any electrical device, such as a telephone or television, which generates an electromagnetic field. Appropriate power source. Connect all your equipment with the appropriate power cords for the power source in your area.
Connecting the Computer Use the illustration below to locate the ports on the back of your system as you connect the keyboard, monitor, printer, and other devices. monitor cable AC inlet AC outlet MOUSE PARALLEL Connecting a Keyboard To connect a keyboard, hold the cable connector so the arrow on the connector faces up. Insert it into the port marked K/B. Connecting a Mouse If your system came with an Epson PS/2 compatible mouse, you connect it to the computer’s built-in mouse port.
Caution Although the connectors and ports for the mouse and keyboard are physically identical, they cannot be used interchangeably. Be sure to plug the mouse connector into the MOUSE port, or you may damage your system. If your system has not already been configured, you may need to install a mouse driver. See your mouse manual for instructions. (If you are using Windows 3.1, you don’t need a mouse driver.
4. If the connector has retaining screws, tighten them. 5. Plug the monitor’s power cord into the power inlet on the back of the monitor. 6. Plug the other end of the power cord into a grounded electrical outlet or into the power outlet on the back of the computer. Caution Before you plug the monitor’s power cord into the back of your computer, make sure the monitor’s power requirements do not exceed 1 Amp.
4. Plug the printer’s power cord into a grounded electrical outlet. Using the serial ports If you have a printer, a modem, or a mouse with a serial interface, you can connect it to one of the serial (RS-232C) ports on the back of the computer. Make sure you have a cable compatible with a DB-9P connector. To connect a serial device, insert the connector into one of the ports marked COM1 and COM2. If you are connecting only one serial device, use the COM1 port.
Turning On the Computer After you set up your system, you are ready to turn on the power. Use the illustration below to identify the parts of your system. speed hard disk access light diskette drive reset button Before you turn on your computer, check the following safety rules to avoid accidentally damaging your computer or injuring yourself: Do not connect or disconnect any peripheral device cables (including the keyboard or a mouse) or power cables unless the computer’s power is off.
Always wait at least 20 seconds after you turn off the power before you turn it on again to prevent possible damage to the computer’s electrical circuitry. Do not leave a beverage near your system. Spilled liquid can damage the circuitry of your equipment. Follow these steps to turn on your system: 1. Turn your computer around so the front panel faces you. Place your monitor, printer, and other devices in a convenient arrangement. 2. If there is a protective card in the diskette drive, remove it. 3.
When the computer completes its testing, it displays a screen describing the system’s configuration. If necessary, press the Pause button on the keyboard to view the configuration screen. After viewing the screen, press any key to continue the startup process. 5. If necessary, use the controls on your monitor to adjust the brightness and contrast until you can easily see the characters on the screen.
Turning Off the Computer Whenever you turn off your system, follow these steps: 1-10 1. Save your data and exit any application program you are using. 2. Check the hard disk drive light and the diskette drive light(s) to make sure they are not on. Do not turn off the computer if a drive light is on, because you can damage the drive or lose data. 3. Remove any diskette(s) from the diskette drive(s). 4. Press the power button to turn off the computer. 5.
Chapter 2 Running the SETUP Program You may need to run the SETUP program the first time you use your computer. If your system came unconfigured, you need to define how it is set up. If your system was configured for you, you may still need to set the date and time. You also may need to run the program again later if you change your configuration. The SETUP program is stored in the computer’s ROM BIOS (read-only memory, basic input/output system).
Starting the SETUP Program Whenever you start your computer, you see the following message: Press to enter SETUP If the system detects an error in your system configuration, you will see an error message followed by this message: Press to resume, to Setup In either case, press F2 to run the SETUP program to verify or change your configuration. The SETUP program displays the Main Menu.
SETUP function keys (continued) Key Function F9 Supplies the factory default values for the SETUP options on the current screen F10 Ignores any changes you have made on the current screen Enter Selects the current option or value Alt R Refreshes the current screen Esc or Alt X Exits the current menu Whenever you are in the SETUP program, the bottom of the screen lists the keys you can press to perform specific functions.
Setting the Video Display Type The Video System option allows you to define the type of adapter you are using. Because you connected your monitor to the computer’s built-in VGA port, select EGA/VGA. You must use a VGA monitor with this computer; therefore, always select a video display type of EGA/VGA. Note You cannot install an optional video card in this computer. Checking System Memory Your computer comes with 4MB of RAM on a SIMM.
The Fixed Disk Setup Option When you select this option, you see the Fixed Disk Setup screen. From this screen, you select Disk 0 or Disk 1. Your computer comes with a hard disk auto-sensing feature. If you press Enter when the Autotype Fixed Disk option is highlighted, the system detects the type of hard disk drive and fills in the remaining fields on the screen. If you are using an older drive or a preformatted drive, it may not support the auto-sensing feature.
Note If you are going to install NetWare® 286, version 2.2, and you plan to assign a user-defined drive type for your drive, you must install the NetWare IDE drivers (IDE.DSK and IDE.OBJ). You can obtain these drivers by downloading IDE286.ZIP from Netwire in CompuServe.® Alternatively, you can select one of the predefined hard disk drive types that most closely matches the drive you are installing.
Configuring Memory Shadow You use the Memory Shadow option to enable or disable shadowing of your system and video memory as well as specific blocks of ROM. Your computer can access RAM faster than ROM. The options on this screen allow your system to copy the contents of its system and/or video ROM into RAM. When you use shadowing, your system can perform certain operations faster. This provides a significant increase in performance.
The options that the system automatically configures for optimum performance are listed below: Memory remapping Refresh cycle DRAM wait state CPU clock selection Keyboard clock selection AT clock selection DRAM type NPU ready delay Divider of refresh frequency Hold PD bus Setting the Boot Options When you select this option from the Main Menu, you see the Boot Options screen.
You can also enable or disable the system summary screen that the system displays during system startup. Disabling the System Summary screen speeds up system startup. The System Security and Anti- Virus Option When you select this option from the Main Menu, you see the System Security and Anti-Virus screen. You can enable both a Supervisor and a User password to control access to your system and prevent unauthorized users from accessing the diskette drives.
By controlling access to the diskette drives, you can prevent unauthorized users from accessing the drives and possibly introducing a virus to your system. To delete your passwords, follow these steps: 1. Set the Password on boot option to Disabled. 2. Delete the User password. 3. Then delete the Supervisor password. You must delete the User password before SETUP will allow you to access the Supervisor password.
Exiting the SETUP Program When you leave the SETUP program, you can save your settings and reboot your system, or exit SETUP without saving your settings. You can also return all values to the factory defaults. To leave the SETUP program, press Esc from any SETUP screen. From the SETUP Main Menu, you can perform the following functions: Load ROM Default Values Loads the factory default settings stored in ROM back into CMOS.
Post-SETUP Procedures After you run SETUP for the first time, you may need to install the operating system on your computer (if it is not already installed). See your operating system manual for instructions. Once you have installed your operating system, install any software you plan to use. See your application program manuals for instructions. You may also want to install the optional extended video drivers for some of your application programs. See Chapter 6 for more information.
Chapter 3 Using Your Computer This chapter briefly describes the following operations: Inserting and removing diskettes Stopping a command or program Resetting the computer Using the password Changing the processor speed. inserting and Removing Disks To insert a diskette into a 3.5-inch drive, hold the diskette with the label facing up and the metal shutter leading into the drive, as shown in the following illustration. Slide the diskette into the drive until it clicks into place.
To insert a diskette into a 5.25-inch drive, hold the diskette with the label facing up and the read/write slot leading into the drive. Turn down the latch to secure the diskette in the drive. When you want to remove the diskette, make sure the drive light is off; then press the release button or turn the latch. Remove the diskette and store it properly. Caution Never remove a diskette or reset or turn off the computer while a diskette drive light is on. You could lose data.
Resetting the Computer Occasionally, you may want to clear the computer’s current settings or its memory without turning it off. You can do this by resetting the computer. For example, if an error occurs and the computer does not respond to your keyboard entries, you can reset it to reload your operating system and try again. However, resetting erases any data in memory that you have not saved; so reset only if necessary. Caution Do not reset the computer to exit a program.
reset button If resetting the computer does not correct the problem, you probably need to turn it off and on again. Remove any diskette(s) from the diskette drive(s). Turn off the computer and wait 20 seconds. If you do not have a hard disk, insert the operating system diskette in drive A. Then turn on the computer. Using a Password You use the Security and Anti-virus option of the SETUP program to define your password security. You can define both a Supervisor password and a User password.
If you set the Diskette Access option to Supervisor, you can access a diskette drive only if the Supervisor password is entered during startup. If the User password is entered, you cannot access the diskette drive. Follow these steps to enter your password when you see the password prompt: 1. Type your password. You see a rectangle for each character you type. Then press Enter. 2. After you type the password correctly and press Enter, the computer loads the operating system (or starts SETUP).
Changing the Processor Speed Your computer’s processor can operate at two speeds: fast speed (the speed of your microprocessor) or slow speed (8 MHz). The slow speed is available to provide compatibility with older application programs. When your computer is operating at fast speed, the TURBO light on the front panel is on. When the computer is operating at slow speed, the light is off. You should use fast speed for almost everything you do because your programs will work faster.
Note You can use the commands listed above while you are running a program. However, if the program uses one of these commands for another function, you cannot use it to change the processor speed. The speed setting remains in effect until you do the following: Reset your computer Turn off your computer Change the speed with another keyboard command Change the jumper setting of J22 (as described in Chapter 4).
Chapter 4 Installing and Removing Options You can enhance the performance of your computer by adding optional equipment such as system, video, or cache memory modules, option cards, or a microprocessor upgrade. This chapter first describes how to remove your computer’s cover to install options and how to replace the cover when you are finished.
Removing the Cover You need to remove the computer’s cover to install any of the options described in this chapter or to install or remove a disk drive (as described in Chapter 5). Follow these steps to remove the cover: 4-2 1. Turn off the computer and then any peripheral devices (including the monitor and printer). 2. Disconnect the computer’s power cable from the electrical outlet and from the back panel. Also disconnect any cables that are connected to the computer, including the keyboard cable.
6. Grasp the sides of the cover and lift it straight up, as shown below: 7. Set the cover aside. 8. Ground yourself to the computer by touching the metal surface of the back panel. Warning Be sure to ground yourself by touching the back panel of the computer every time you remove the cover. If you are not properly grounded, you could generate an electric shock that could damage a component when you touch it.
Replacing the Cover When you are ready to replace the computer’s cover, follow these steps: 4-4 1. Make sure all the internal components are installed properly. 2. Check all cable connections, especially those that might have been loosened during your work. 3. Make sure all cables are out of the way so they do not catch on the cover. 4. Insert the front of the cover between the front bezel and the chassis of the computer and guide it straight down. (See the illustration on page 4-3.) 5.
Locating the Internal Components As you follow the instructions in this chapter, refer to the illustration below to locate the different components inside your computer.
Changing the Jumper Settings The main system board in your computer has a number of jumpers that control certain functions. These jumpers are preset at the factory to default positions. See the illustration below to locate the jumpers on the system board. J5.J6,J7.J8 J16 J17 J19 Note These are the only jumpers you may need to change. Other jumpers on the system board are for service purposes only.
Use the information in the following tables to change jumper settings, if necessary.
External cache jumper settings* Cache size J25 64KB 1-2 J26 1-2 128KB 2-3 I 256KB 2-3 J27 J28 2-3 Off 1-2 1-2 2-3 2-3 1 1-2 2-3 If you have no external cache installed, the position of these jumpers does not matter. l Processor type jumper settings Processor type J17 J19 I 486DX/DX2 1-2.3-4 1-2 I 486SX 2-3 Off Setting the Jumpers If you need to change any jumper settings, follow these steps: 4-8 1. Refer to the illustration on page 4-6 to locate the jumpers. 2.
Setting jumpers To move a jumper from one position to the other, use needle-nose pliers or tweezers to pull it off its pins and gently move it to the desired position. Caution Be careful not to bend the jumper pins or damage any components on the main system board. 4. Replace any option cards you removed. See page 4-14 for instructions.
Installing Memory Modules (SIMMs) Your computer comes with 4MB of memory on a SIMM. By installing additional SIMMs, you can increase the amount of memory in your computer up to 64MB. There are two SIMM sockets on the main system board, and each can contain one memory module. You can install 1MB, 2MB, 4MB, 8MB, 16MB, and 32MB SIMMs. The following table shows the possible SIMM configurations. (When the front of the computer is facing you, BANK 0 is on the right.
S/MM configurations (continued) BANK 0 BANK 1 Total memory 16MB 32MB 48MB 32MB X 32MB 32MB 1MB 33MB 32MB 2MB 34MB 32MB 4MB 36MB 32MB 8MB 40MB 32MB 16MB 48MB 32MB 32MB 64MB Use only tin-plated, 32-bit or 36-bit, 72-pin, fast-page mode SIMMs that operate at an access speed of 80ns (nanoseconds) or faster. Be sure all the SIMMs operate at the same speed. SIMMs that are 80ns must operate with 1 wait state; 70ns or faster SIMMs can operate with 0 wait state.
4. Position the SIMM at an angle over the empty SIMM socket, as shown below. 5. Push the SIMM into the socket until it is seated firmly in the slot. Then tilt it upright, as shown below, guiding the hole at each end of the SIMM over the retaining post at each end of the SIMM socket. If it does not go in smoothly, do not force it; pull it all the way out and try again. 6. Replace any option cards you removed. (See page 4-14 for instructions.
Removing SlMMs If you need to remove SIMMs from your computer (to install different ones, for example), make sure the computer is turned off and then follow the steps below: 1. Remove any option cards that may be blocking your access to the SIMM sockets. (See page 4-18 for instructions.) 2. Use your fingers or a small screwdriver to carefully pull away the metal tabs that secure the SIMM at each end, as shown below.
3. As you pull away the tabs, the SIMM falls to the side. Remove it from the socket. 4. If necessary, follow the same procedure to remove the other SIMM. 5. If you are inserting different SIMMs, follow the instructions on page 4-11 to install your new SIMMs. 6. Replace any option cards you removed, as described below. installing an Option Card This section explains how to install option cards in your computer.
Check the components on your option card and the system board before deciding which slot to use. Make sure that no components are touching or obstructing other cards or cables. Caution Make sure the power requirements for the option cards you install do not exceed the power supply limitations. See your option card manual(s) for the power requirements. Then check Appendix A for the option slot power limits. Before you install an option card, see if you need to change any jumper settings on the system board.
Remove the two retaining screws securing the power supply to the back of the computer and the third retaining screw holding the power supply to the base of the computer, as shown below. Be careful not to disconnect any of the cables. Slide the power supply out of the way. 2. 4-16 Remove the retaining screw securing the option slot cover to the computer, as shown below. (Keep the screw to secure the option card to the computer.
3. Slide out the slot cover and set it aside. (Store it in a safe place in case you remove the option card later.) 4. Unpack the option card and adjust any switches or jumpers on it, if necessary. (Check the option card instructions.) When you handle the card, be careful not to touch any of the components on the circuit board or the gold-edged connectors. If you need to set it down before you install it, place it gently on top of its original packing material with the component side facing up.
Once the connectors reach the slot, push the card in firmly (but carefully) to insert it fully. You should feel the card fit into place. If it does not go in smoothly, do not force it; pull the card all the way out and try again. 6. Secure the end of the card to the computer with the retaining screw. Removing an Option Card You may need to remove an option card installed in your computer to access components on the main system board-to change a jumper setting, for example.
2. Remove the two retaining screws securing the option card connector board to the back of the computer, as shown below. 3. Pull the board straight up and out of its socket and set it aside.
Replacing the Option Card Connector Board If you removed the option card connector board, follow these steps to replace it. Refer to the option card connector board illustration above. 4-20 1. Position the board above its slot and push it straight into the connector, as shown below. 2. Secure the board to the back of the computer with its two retaining screws. 3. Re-install any option cards you removed. See page 4-14.
Adding Video Memory Your computer comes with 1MB of video memory. You can increase your video memory to 2MB by installing two video DRAM, 256KB x 16-bit, 40-pin, ZIP (Zig-zag Inline Package) chips. This is useful for running graphics-intensive applications or for supporting high resolutions with many colors. The following table lists the video DRAM ZIP chips that you can install on the main system board.
Caution To avoid generating static electricity and damaging the memory chips, ground yourself by touching the metal surface on the inside of the computer’s back panel. Then remain as stationary as possible while you install them. 3. Remove the memory chips from their package and inspect each one. The pins should point inward at slightly less than a 90° angle. If any of the pins are bent or crooked, straighten them gently with your fingers or with small tweezers to align them with the other pins.
6. When the chip is properly positioned, push down firmly on both ends of the chip to make sure it is well-seated. 7. Repeat steps 4 through 6 for the other chip. 8. Replace any option cards you removed. See page 4-14 for instructions. 9. Now run SETUP as described in Chapter 2 to enable your system to recognize the increased memory. Installing External Cache You can install 64KB, 128KB, or 256KB of external cache on your system.
Cache memory configurations BANK 0 U20, 21, 22, 23 BANK 1 U29, 30, 31, 32 Tag SRAM U36 Total cache 8K x 8 8K x 8 8K x 8 64KB 32K x 8 x 8K x 8 128KB 32K x 8 32K x 8 32K x 8 256KB Installing the Chips Follow these steps: 1. Locate the external cache sockets on the main system board, shown on page 4-5. 2. If there is an option card in your way, remove it. See page 4-18 for instructions.
4. Position one of the cache chips over the first socket as shown below, aligning the pins on the chip with the holes in the socket. Make sure the small notch on the end of the chip is aligned with the corresponding notch on the socket. U36 (tag) U23 U32 U22 U31 U21 U30 U20 U29 BANK 0 BANK 1 5. Gently press the chip halfway into the socket (to make sure it is correctly aligned). If the chip goes in at an angle, remove it with a chip puller or a small flat-head screwdriver and try again. 6.
When the computer restarts, it displays the amount of external cache you have installed on the system. Upgrading the Microprocessor You can upgrade your computer by replacing the microprocessor with a faster one. The following table lists the components you can use to upgrade the microprocessor in your system.
Replacing the Processor Chip You must remove the option card connector board to remove your existing microprocessor. Refer to page 4-18 to remove the option card connector board, then follow these steps to replace the processor chip: 1. Use the illustration on page 4-5 to locate the microprocessor on the system board. The microprocessor chip is inserted in a ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) socket.
5. Position the processor chip over the ZIF socket, aligning the notched edge of the chip (marked with a dot) with pin 1 on the socket, as shown below. A corresponding notch is drawn on the circuit board under the socket. Note If you install the processor chip in the wrong orientation, you may burn the chip and void your warranty. 4-28 6. Make sure the pins in the processor chip are directly over the holes in the socket.
8. If you are upgrading from a 486SX processor to a DX or DX2 processor, you need to change the jumper settings of J17 and J19. If you are upgrading to a CPU with a different clock speed, you may need to change the setting of jumper J16. See the tables on pages 4-7 and 4-8 for the correct jumper settings. 9. If you are upgrading to a DX2 processor, you must install a heat sink. See the next section for instructions. 10. See page 4-20 for instructions on replacing the option card connector board.
Chapter 5 Installing and Removing Drives This chapter describes how to install and remove optional drives in your computer. You can use these instructions to install a variety of devices, including hard disk drives, a diskette drive, a tape drive, or a CD-ROM drive. Although your drive may look different from the ones illustrated here, you should be able to install it the same way. Your computer can hold up to four mass storage devices.
Installing a Hard Disk Drive in the lnternal Drive Bay Your computer may have a hard disk drive already installed in the internal drive bay. If not, you can install a 1-inch high by 3 ½-inch wide drive in this bay. Here you will find steps for the following procedures: Removing the mounting frames from the hard disk drive (if necessary) Connecting the hard disk drive cables Installing the hard disk drive under the mounting bracket Installing the hard disk drive above the mounting bracket.
Removing the Mounting Frames If there are mounting frames attached to your hard disk drive, you need to remove them before you can install the drive. Follow these steps: 1. On your drive, there may be a plastic guiderail and metal grounding plate attached to one of the mounting frames. If so, remove the screws securing them to the mounting frame and remove the guiderail and grounding plate. 2. Then remove the two screws securing each mounting frame to the drive and remove the frames.
Connecting the Hard Disk Drive Cables To connect the hard disk drive to the computer, you need to connect two cables: the hard disk drive ribbon cable and a power supply cable. The hard disk drive ribbon cable is attached to your system board. If you need to remove it for any reason, see “Connecting the drive cable to the system board,” below, for instructions on reconnecting the cable to the system board.
2. Locate the hard disk drive connector on the system board. 3. Position the system board connector on the cable so that the red wire aligns with pin 1 of the connector on the system board. There is a “1” printed on the system board to identify pin 1. 4. Make sure the holes in the cable connector fit over the pins in the system board connector; then push in the cable connector.
Connecting the drive and power cables to the drive Follow the steps below to connect the hard disk drive ribbon cable and a power supply cable to the drive: 5-6 1. Locate the hard disk drive connector on the end of the hard disk drive ribbon cable. 2. Locate pin 1 on the drive connector. If you do not see it on the connector casing, turn the drive over so you can see the drive’s circuit board, as shown below.
Caution If you do not correctly align the holes with the pins, you could severely damage your hard disk drive when you push in the cable connector. 5. Locate one of the power supply cables that lead from the power supply. (They have multi-colored wires and a plastic connector on the end.) 6. Position the power supply cable connector so that its notched corners line up with the notched corners of the power supply connector on the hard disk drive. 7.
Installing the Hard Disk Below the Mounting Bracket If you have a 1-inch tall hard disk drive, you can install it below the hard disk drive mounting bracket. Refer to the illustrations below and follow these steps: 5-8 1. Remove the screw securing the mounting bracket to the base of the computer, as shown below. 2. Slide the mounting bracket toward the diskette drive bays, as shown above, until the slots clear the tabs. 3. Lift the mounting bracket out of the computer and set it aside.
4. Align the hard disk drive so that the cables lead toward the diskette drive bays and the four screw holes on the base of the drive are above the four pegs, as shown below. 5. Gently lower the drive over the pegs. When the pegs are inserted in the screw holes on the base of the hard disk drive, the drive will not move from side to side. 6. Lower the mounting bracket over the hard disk drive, making sure that the slots in the mounting bracket fit over the tabs on the base of the computer.
7. Slide the bracket toward the side of the computer, as shown below, until the tabs hold the bracket in place. 8. Secure the mounting bracket with a screw on each side, as shown above. Installing the Hard Disk On the Mounting Bracket You can install a hard disk drive on top of the mounting bracket rather than under it. Refer to the illustration of the mounting bracket on page 5-8 and the one below while following these steps: 5-10 1.
3. Turn the hard disk drive over and locate the four mounting holes on the drive. 4. Position the bracket on the hard disk drive, aligning the holes in the bracket with the holes on the drive. 5. Secure the bracket to the drive with four screws. Note If you plan to install two hard disk drives, you must use flat-head screws to secure this drive to the mounting bracket. You can purchase flat-head screws at any hardware store; request this size: #6-32UNC x 8 FH, M,+.
6. Turn the drive and the mounting bracket over, then slide the slots in the mounting bracket under the tabs at the base of the computer until the tabs hold the bracket in place. 7. Secure the mounting bracket with the retaining screw. Note If the drive does not fit within the internal bay, you can move the mounting frame toward the diskette drive bays and align only one set of the slots on the mounting bracket with the tabs on the computer.
Removing a Hard Disk Drive From the Internal Drive Bay To remove a hard disk drive, reverse the installation steps outlined above. Then disconnect the hard disk drive ribbon cable and the power supply cable from the back of the drive. When you disconnect the cables, grasp the connectors and pull them straight out so you do not bend the pins; do not pull on the cables. Use the screws to again secure the hard disk drive mounting bracket to the base of the computer.
Follow these steps to install a drive in the upper drive bay: 1. Remove the faceplate from the bay by pushing it forward, as shown below. Keep the faceplate in a safe place in case you remove a drive later (or you are installing a drive that you don’t need to access). 2. 5-14 Remove any brackets or mounting frames from the drive. See page 5-3 for instructions.
3. Slide the drive into the bay until it is flush with the front of the computer. 4. Align the slots at the side of the drive bay with the mounting holes in the drive. Then secure both sides of the drive to the drive bay using the retaining screws.
Connecting the Drive and Power Cables To connect the drive to the computer, you need to connect both the drive ribbon cable and a power supply cable. Follow the steps below. 1. If you are installing a diskette drive, locate the diskette drive ribbon cable. (The connector in the middle of the cable is already connected to the system board.) 2. If you are installing a second diskette drive or a tape drive with a card-edge connector, one end of the cable is connected to the bottom diskette drive.
3. Locate one of the power supply cables that lead from the power supply. (They have multi-colored wires and a plastic connector on the end.) 4. Align the notched corners of the power supply cable connector with the notched corners of the drive’s power supply connector (such as the one shown below). Make sure the holes fit over all the pins and then push in the connector. Caution If you do not align the cable connectors correctly, you could severely damage your drive when you push them in.
Removing a Drive from the Upper Drive Bay To remove a drive from the upper drive bay, follow these steps: 1. Remove both the ribbon cable connector and the power cable connector from the drive. 2. Remove the screws securing the drive. 3. Reach behind the drive and gently push it to the front of the bay; then pull it out of the slot. 4. Once you have removed the drive, replace the faceplate by inserting one side of the plate, then gently guiding the other side into place.
2. Identify pin 1 on the drive and align the connector so that the red wire is at pin 1, as shown below. Push in the connector. 3. Locate the multi-colored power supply cable with the small connector. This cable is attached to the system board rather than the power supply. 4. Position the power supply cable connector so that the holes fit over all the pins. The red wire on the cable will align with pin 1 identified at the power connector on the circuit board of the drive. Push in the connector.
Post-installation Procedures After you install or remove your drive(s) and replace the cover on your computer, you need to run the SETUP program to define the correct configuration for your newly installed drive. See Chapter 2 for instructions.
Chapter 6 Installing VGA and IDE Drivers The Drivers diskette included with your system contains special VGA (video graphics array) drivers for your computer’s built-in VGA adapter and IDE (integrated drive electronics) drivers for use with the local bus IDE hard disk drive interface. This chapter describes how to install these drivers. If your system was configured for you, these drivers are already installed.
Standard VGA monitors display resolutions up to 640 x 480, and you do not need to install the drivers or utilities for your monitor to operate properly with your application programs at this resolution. Also, your system supports the VESA standard 1.20. If you have programs that use VESA, install the VESA drivers that came with these programs.
Installing the Windows Drivers If you have not yet installed Windows 3.1, follow the instructions in your Windows documentation to install it. Select VGA as the default display device. Then follow these steps to install the new drivers: 1. Within Windows, select Run from the file menu in the Program Manager. 2. Insert the Drivers diskette in drive A. 3. Type the following command and select A: OK or press Enter: \ I Ns T A L L 4.
3. Select Change System Settings. 4. Select Display. 5. From the Display menu, select Other (Requires disk provided by a hardware manufacturer). 6. When the program prompts you to insert your display driver diskette and displays the path A : \, insert the Drivers diskette and press Enter. You see a list of drivers and their associated resolutions. 7. Select the driver you want and press Enter. 8. When you see Accept the configuration as shown above, press Enter. 9.
Select the resolution, font size, and number of colors you want to use and select OK or press Enter. Once you have changed options using the SetRES utility, you need to restart Windows for the new settings to take effect. IDE Drivers The IDE drivers allow your system to take advantage of the high-speed performance of the local bus IDE hard disk drive interface. Installing these drivers will increase the speed with which the system accesses the hard disk drive.
Note Not all hard disk drives can take advantage of this feature. To take advantage of the local bus IDE interface, your hard disk drive must support a 32-bit data path that utilizes double-word I/O. To find out whether your hard drive utilizes double-word I/O, see the hardware specifications for the drive or contact the vendor of the drive and request a product specification.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting If you have any problems as you set up and use your computer, refer to this chapter. You can correct most problems by adjusting a cable connection, repeating a software procedure, or resetting the computer. The troubleshooting suggestions in this chapter are organized in general categories, such as “The computer will not start.” Within each category, a more specific problem is described with possible solutions.
Use these guidelines to locate information about your system: Serial number: Look on the back panel of the computer to find the serial number. System BIOS version: Restart your system. You’ll see the system BIOS version number displayed on the screen when your system performs power-on diagnostics. System configuration: Start SETUP and select the System Summary option to see your system’s configuration. MS-DOS version: At the MS-DOS prompt, type VER and press Enter to see the MS-DOS version number.
AUTOEXEC.BAT: At the MS-DOS prompt, type TYPE AUTOEXEC . BAT and press Enter to see a listing of your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. This file contains your system startup information. The Computer Will Not Start The power light is on, but the computer does not start. Replace your main operating system diskette and turn on the computer again. Caution If you turn off the computer, always wait at least 20 seconds before turning it back on. This prevents damage to the computer’s electrical circuitry.
You installed or removed system components, and now your computer does not start. Check to make sure you have reconnected all the internal and external cables correctly. You may have installed option cards that exceed the system’s power requirements. Check the power requirements in Appendix A. You may have installed a SIMM incorrectly. If the system doesn’t find memory, nothing happens. Check that your SIMM(s) are securely installed in their sockets.
Your computer sudden/y stops operating. You may have overloaded the power supply limitations. See your option card manual(s) for the power requirements for your option card(s). Then check Appendix A to see if you have exceeded the option slot power limits. Keyboard Problems The screen displays a keyboard error message when you turn on of reset the computer. Make sure the keyboard is securely connected to the correct port. Nothing happens when you type on the keyboard.
If you still do not see anything on the screen, make sure the monitor is securely connected to the computer. If you are running an application program, see if you need to set up the program for the type of monitor and display adapter you have. Also make sure you are using the appropriate monitor and display adapter for your software. Note You must use a VGA monitor with this computer. The power switch is on but the power light is not on. Turn off the monitor’s power, wait five seconds, and turn it back on.
Reinserting the diskette does not solve the problem. Insert the diskette in another diskette drive of the same type. If you can read the diskette in a different drive, your drive may be faulty. The diskette is the right type, but you still see an error. Check that the diskette is not write-protected, preventing the drive from writing to the diskette. Make sure the diskette is formatted. See your operating system documentation for instructions on formatting diskettes. You may have a defective diskette.
Hard Disk Drive Problems A newly-installed hard disk drive is not working properly or ifs performance is not what you expect. Make sure you have installed the drive correctly and check all cable connections. Also, check the jumper settings on your drive. Check that you have installed the IDE drivers on your hard disk (see Chapter 6). To take advantage of the local bus IDE interface, your hard disk drive must support a 32-bit data path that utilizes double-word I/O.
Note that a physical format is different from software-based formatting commands, such as the MS-DOS FORMAT command. You have been using your hard disk drive successfully for some time but notice a reduction in performance. The data on the disk may have become fragmented. Back up all your data and use a disk compaction utility to reorganize the files on your disk. Check that your IDE drivers are installed correctly (see Chapter 6). Make sure your CONFIG.
Software Problems The application program does not start. Check that you are following the correct procedure for starting the program and that it is installed correctly. If you do not have a hard disk, make sure the correct diskette is in the diskette drive. If you need help, contact your software manufacturer. The application program is having trouble reading a key disk. You may be running an application that requires a slower processor speed. You need to change the turbo switch jumper, J22.
The printer prints garbled information. Check the printer manual for the printer’s correct DIP switch or control panel settings. Also, make sure you have the proper drivers installed for your printer and make sure you’ve selected the correct printer within your software application. Option Card Problems A new/y installed option curd is not working correctly. Make sure the option card is installed correctly and is well-seated in its slot.
An external device connected to the option curd is not working correctly. Make sure you are using the proper cable to connect the device to the card. Memory Module Problems The memory count displayed by the power-on diagnostics program is incorrect. You may have installed the SIMMs incorrectly. They may be the wrong type or speed, or they may not be inserted all the way. See Chapter 4 for information on installing SIMMs.
Controller Problems You see a controller error for the hard disk drive controller or the I/O port controllers when you start your system. The indicated controller on your system board may be faulty. If you have an option card with a controller that will work with your device, you can install it and change the jumper settings on the system board to disable the built-in controller. You can then continue to use your system until it is convenient for you to have it serviced.
Appendix A Specifications CPU and Memory 32-bif CPU Intel 486SX/25, 486SX/33, 486DX/33, 486DX2/50, or 486DX2/66 microprocessor System speed Fast and slow speeds available; fast is the speed of the microprocessor, slow is 8 MHz; speed selection through keyboard commands or jumper setting Memory 4MB RAM standard on a SIMM; expandable to 64MB using lMB, 2MB, 4MB, 8MB, 16MB, and 32MB SIMMs; SIMMs must be tin-plated, 72-pin, 32-bit or 36-bit, fast-page mode type with access speed of 80ns (with 1 wait state
Math coprocessor On DX and DX2 systems, math coprocessor built into the microprocessor Clock/ Real-time clock, calendar, and CMOS RAM socketed on main system board with built-in battery backup calendar Controllers Video Super VGA high-speed local bus with True Color support; provides resolutions up to 1280 x 1024 in 256 colors Diskette Controller on main system board supports up to two diskette drives or one diskette drive and one tape drive Hard disk High-speed, 32-bit local bus IDE interface on
Keyboard PS/2 compatible keyboard interface built into main system board; 6-pin, mini DIN connector Mouse PS/2 compatible mouse interface built into main system board; 6-pin mini DIN connector Option slots Three 16-bit, full-length and two B-bit, half-length I/O expansion slots, ISA compatible, 8.
Hard disk drives 3½-inch form factor hard disk drive(s), up to half-height size; maximum of two drives Epson IDE hard disk drives are available in BOMB, 120MB, 170MB, 240MB, 250MB, and 340MB Other devices Half-height tape drive, CD-ROM, or other storage device; 5¼-inch or 3½-inch with mounting frames Physical Characteristics Width 15.6 inches (396 mm) Depth 14.5 inches (368 mm) Height 4.1 inches (104 mm) Weight 15 lb (6.
Option Slot Power limits (Total) Maximum current +5 volts - 5 Volts +12 volts -12 Volts For all slots 4.6 Amps 0.1 Amps 1.8 Amps 0.
Options Available from Epson The following list represents the options available for this product from Epson. Other options are available from other vendors. Call your nearest marketing location for more information on specific options. Options Option Product Product code 14" VGA monochrome monitor A880611 14" VGA color monitor, 0.
Options (continued) Option Product Product code Epson LX-810, narrow carriage CO16231 Printers 9-pin 24-pin Lasers Ink jet ActionPrinter 2250. narrow carriage C100011 FX-870, narrow carriage C094001 FX-1170, wide carriage C09500l DFX-5000, wide carriage C112001 DFX-8000. wide carriage C030001 ActionPrinter 3250, narrow carriage C092011 LQ-570. narrow carriage C062001 LQ-860.
Hard Disk Drive Types Hard disk drive types Type Size* (MB) Cylinders Heads Sectors/ Track Landing Zone Write Precomp 1 10 306 4 17 305 128 2 21 615 4 17 615 300 3 32 615 6 17 615 300 4 65 940 8 17 940 512 5 49 940 6 17 940 512 6 21 615 4 17 615 None 7 32 462 8 17 511 256 8 31 733 5 17 733 None 9 117 900 15 17 901 None 10 21 820 3 17 820 None 11 37 855 5 17 855 None 12 52 855 7 17 855 None 13 21 306 8 17 319 128
Hard disk drive types (continued) * Type Size* (MB) cylinders Heads Sectors/ Track Landing Zone Write Precomp 26 21 614 4 17 614 None 27 42 820 6 17 820 None 28 42 977 5 17 977 None 29 336 1218 15 36 1218 None 30 159 1224 15 17 1224 None 31 71 823 10 17 823 512 32 42 809 6 17 809 128 33 50 830 7 17 830 None 34 72 830 10 17 830 None 35 44 1024 5 17 1024 None 36 71 1024 8 17 1024 None 37 42 615 8 17 615 128 38 109 1
Epson-supplied hard disk drive types Epson drive options Cyl Hd Pre LZ Sec Size* (MB) 80MB (Conner CP30084E) 903 4 0 902 4 6 81 120MB (Conner CP30104H) 762 8 0 761 39 115 170MB (Conner CP30174E) 903 8 0 902 46 162 170MB (Quantum ELS170AT) 1011 15 -1 1010 22 170 240MB (Quantum LPS240AT) 723 13 -1 722 51 234 250MB (Conner CP30254) 895 10 0 894 55 254 340MB (Conner CP30344) 655 16 0 654 63 343 Actual formatted size may be slightly different than size on d
Connector Pin Assignments Parallel Port Connector (CN3) Parallel port connector pin assignments Pin Signal Pin Signal Pin Signal 1 Storbe 10 ACK* 19 Signal ground 2 Data 0 11 Busy 20 Signal ground 3 Data 1 12 PE 21 Signal ground 4 Data 2 13 Select 22 Signal ground 5 Data 3 14 Auto* 23 Signal ground 6 Data 4 15 Error* 24 Signal ground 7 Data 5 16 Init* 25 Signal ground 8 Data 6 17 Selectin* 9 Data 7 18 Signal ground *Active low logic Specifications A-
Serial Port Connectors (CN4 and CN5) Serial port connector pin assignments Pin Signal Pin Signal 1 Data carrier detect 6 Data set ready 2 Receive data 7 Request to send 3 Transmit data 8 Clear to send 4 Data terminal ready 9 Ring indicator 5 Ground Keyboard and Mouse Connectors (CN7 and CN6) Although the keyboard and mouse connectors are physically identical, they cannot be used interchangeably.
VGA Porf Connector (CN2) VGA port connector pin assignments Pin Signal Pin Signal Pin Signal 1 Red 6 red ground 11 NC 2 Green 7 Green ground 12 Monitor detect 3 Blue 8 Blue ground 13 Horizontal sync 4 NC 9 NC 14 Vertical sync Ground 10 GND 15 NC 5 DMA Assignments DMA assignments level Assigned device DMAO Reserved (8-bit) DMAl Reserved (8-bit) DMA2 FDD controller (8-bit) DMA3 Reserved (8-bit) DMA4 Cascade for DMA controller 1 DMA5 Reserved (16-bit) DMA6 Re
Hardware In tempts Hardware interrupts IRQ no.
System Memory Map 000FFFFFFh System BIOS ROM: 64KB Duplicated from 0F0000h 000FFF0000h for system board: 64KB Duplicated from 0E0000h Reserved 000FE0000h 64MB (Maximum system memory) Extended memory 00100000h 1MB System BIOS ROM: 64KB Default Shadow RAM duplicated at FF0000h 000F0000h Unused or I/O expansion ROM: 160KB Reserved for ROM on I/O adapters 000C8000h 000C0000h VGA BIOS ROM: 32KB Default Shadow RAM 000B8000h VGA text (color): 32KB 000B0000h Unused or VGA text (monochrome): 32KB Video
System I/O Address Map System I/O address map Hex address Assigned device 000-01F DMA controller 1, 8237 020-03F Interrupt controller 1, 8259, master 022-024 Chip set configuration register 040-05F timer, 8254 060-06F Keyboard controller, 8042 070-07F (CMOS) Real-time clock NMI (non-maskable interrupt) mask 080-09F DMA page register, 74LS612 0A0-0BF Interrupt controller 2, 8259A 0B4, 0BB AD12 control register 0BC AD12 control register 0C0-0DF DMA controller 2, 8237 0F0 Clear math co
System I/O address map (continued) Hex address Assigned device 378-37F Parallel printer port 1 380-38F SDLC, bisynchronous 2 390-393 Cluster 3A0-3AF SDLC, bisynchronous 1 3B0-3BF Monochrome display and printer adapter 3C0-3CF Enhanced graphics adapter 3D0-3DF Color graphics monitor adapter 3F0-3F7 FDD controller 3F8 - 3FF Serial port 1 6E2, 6E3 Data acquisition (adapter 1) 790-793 Cluster (adapter 1) AE2, AE3 Data acquisition (adapter 2) B90, B93 Cluster (adapter 2) EE2, EE3 Dat
Glossary Access speed The time it takes for a device, such as memory or a disk drive, to return data. For example, your computer’s SIMMs return data requested by the microprocessor at an access speed of 70ns. Address The location where information is stored in a computer’s memory. AUTOEXEC.BAT file The batch file your computer runs automatically whenever you load MS-DOS. It configures the installed system devices and sets various user preferences. See also Batch file. Base memory See Conventional memo y.
Boot The process a computer performs to check its components and then load the operating system into memory. Bus A wire or group of wires that sends information between components in the computer. The speed of a bus increases by the number and width of the channels the bus uses to move data. Cache A high-speed memory buffer that stores frequently used data where your microprocessor can access it faster. Your computer includes 8KB of internal cache expandable to 256KB with external cache chips.
CPU Central Processing Unit. The primary device that interprets instructions, performs tasks, keeps track of stored data, and controls input and output operations. See also Microprocessor. Device driver A file containing instructions that allow your computer to recognize and communicate with a device. The device may be a printer, monitor, or other type of device. Display adapter curd A circuit board that controls the way a monitor displays text and graphics, normally installed in an option slot.
IDE Integrated Drive Electronics. A type of hard disk drive interface in which the controller is on the drive instead of on a controller card. Your computer includes an interface on the main system board for up to two IDE hard disk drives. Internal cache Cache memory built into your microprocessor. Your computer includes 8KB of internal cache. Jumper A small moveable plug that connects two pins on a device’s circuit board. Jumpers alter the operation of a particular function.
Main system board The circuit board inside your computer containing the circuitry and components your computer needs to operate. Math coprocessor A device that enables the computer to process mathematical calculations faster by using floating point numbers instead of whole numbers. Megabyte (MB) A unit used to measure storage space in a computer’s memory or on a disk. One megabyte equals 1024KB (kilobytes).
Parallel An interface that transmits data simultaneously over separate wires in a cable. See also Serial. Pathname The directory name(s) you specify to locate a file. For example, the pathname for the file SALES, stored in the subdirectory BUSINESS, is \BUSINESS\SALES. Power-on diagnostics Tests stored in a computer’s ROM that the computer runs to check its internal circuitry, peripheral device configuration, and operating status each time you turn it on or reset it. Processor speed See Operating speed.
Refresh rate The frequency with which a monitor can redraw a screen image. The faster the refresh rate, the less the screen will flicker. Reset To restart a computer without turning it off. You can reset your computer by pressing Ctrl Alt Del. Resetting erases all data stored in RAM and reloads your operating system. ROM Read Only Memory. Memory that can only be read and cannot be modified. ROM retains its contents even when you turn off the computer by using power from a backup battery.
SIMM See Memo y module. Subdirectory In a hierarchical disk directory structure, a group of files in a directory within another directory or the root directory. True Color A VGA feature that supports 24-bit-per-pixel color, which enables your VGA interface to display 16.8 million colors. The screen image looks more like a photograph than a traditional computer image. Vesa Video Electronic Standards Association.
Write-protect To protect the data on a diskette from being changed by setting the write-protect switch on a 3.5-inch diskette or by placing a write-protect tab over the notch on a 5.25-inch diskette. You cannot change data on a write-protected diskette. ZIf socket Zero Insertion Force. The type of socket on your system board that holds the microprocessor. With this type of socket, it is easy to remove and install processor chips. ZIP chip Zig-zag Inline Package.
Index A AC power inlet, 1-5-6,7-3 Advanced Chipset Control option, 2-7 Advanced System Setup option, 2-6-8 Altitude, A-5 Analog VGA input, 6-1 Application programs available options, A-7 compatibility, A-5 copy protected, 3-6 IDE drivers, Intro-3,2-6,6-1, 6-5-6, 7-8-9 installing, 2-12 problems, 7-10 requiring slow speed, 3-6 running under MS-DOS, 2-4 stopping, 3-2 version number, 7-2 VGA drivers, 6-1-5 Auto-sensing, 2-5, 7-B, A-2 AUTOEXEC.
Configuration cache, 4-23-24 cache memory, 2-6 changing, 2-1-2, 2-11 drive, 2-4, 5-20 files, 4-29, 7-2, 7-9 SIMM, 2-4, 4-10 system, 7-1 Connecting keyboard, 1-3 monitor, 1-4-5 mouse, 1-3-4, 1-6 power cord, 1-6 printer, 1-5-6 Connector diskette drive, 5-16-17 hard disk drive, 5-5-7 keyboard, 1-3, A-12 monitor, 1-3-5, A-13 mouse, 1-34, A-12 printer, 1-5-6, A-11 serial device, 1-6, A-12 VGA port, 1-3-5, A-13 Connector board, option card, see Option card connector board Connector pin assignments, A-11-13 Contra
Diskette drive configuration, 2-4, 5-20, 7-7 connector, 5-16-17 controller, 4-7, A-2 controlling access, 2-9-10 errors, 7-7 faulty, 7-7 installing, 5-1-20 jumper, 4-7 latch, 3-2, 7-6 light, 1-7, 3-2 power cable, 5-16-18, 7-7 problems, 7-7 protective card, 1-8 removing, 5-18 types, 5-2, A-3 Display adapters, 2-4, 6-1 Display option, SETUP, 2-4 DMA assignments, A-13 DOS, see MS-DOS Double-word I/O, 6-6, 7-8 DRAM, 2-8 DRAM video chips installing, 4-21 type, 4-21, A-1 Drivers configuring, 6-3-4 IDE, Intro-3,2-6
Hard disk drive cable, 5-2-7, 5-13, 5-17 configuration, 5-20 connecting cables, 5-4, 5-6 connector, 5-5-7 controller, 4-7, A-2 double-word I/O, 6-6, 7-8 Epson-supplied, A-10 errors, 7-8 formatting, 7-8 installing, Intro-4,5-1-20 jumpers, 5-2, 5-11, 7-8 light, 1-7 local bus, Intro-1, 6-1, 6-5-6, 7-8, A-2 master, 5-11 physical format, 7-8 preformatted, 2-5 problems, 7-8 removing, 5-13, 5-18 SETUP option, 2-5 slave, 5-11 types, 5-2, A-8-10 user-defined, 2-5-6 Hardware interrupts, A-14 registers, 6-2 Heat sink
Keyboard port, Intro-1, 1-3, A-3, A-12 problems, 7-5 PS/2 compatible, Intro-1, 1-3, A-3, A-12 specifications, A-3 Keypad, numeric, 3-6, 7-5 Keys, SETUP function, 2-2-3 L Local bus hard disk drive, Intro-1, 6-1, 6-5-6, 7-8, A-2 IDE hard disk interface, Intro-3, 6-1, 6-5-6, 7-8, A-2 video, Intro-1, Intro-3,6-1, A-2 Location, choosing, 1-1 Low processor speed, 3-6 Low-level format, 7-8 LPTn, see Parallel port M Main system board, see System board Mass storage, Intro-2, Intro-4,5-1, A-3-4, A-6 Master hard dis
MS-DOS, 2-4, 4-7 N NetWare, 2-6, A-5 Non-interlaced monitor, Intro-2 resolutions, 6-2 Non-operating range, A-5 Num lock, 7-5 Numeric coprocessor, Intro-1, intro-4, A-2 Numeric keypad, 3-6, 7-5 0 Operating range, A-5 Operating system diskette, 3-3, `7-3 installing, 1-9,2-12 MS-DOS, 2-4, 4-7 prompt, 1-9 reloading, 3-3 version number, 7-2 Option card connector board locating, 4-5 removing, 4-18-19 replacing, 4-20 Option cards B-bit, Intro-1, 4-14-15 16-bit, Intro-1, 4-14-15 connector board, 4-5, 4-18-20 conn
Power supply cables, 5-4, 5-6-7, 5-16-18 frequency, A-4 input ranges, A-4 limitations, 4-15, 7-5 location, 4-5 maximum outputs, A-4 removing, 4-15 type, A-4 Power-on diagnostics, 1-8, 7-12 Precautions, iii-viii, 1-1-2, 4-1 Printer available options, A-7 cable, 1-5 checking connections, 7-10 connecting, 1-5-6 connector, 1-5-6, A-11 drivers, 7-11 problems, 7-10 turning off, 1-10, 4-2 turning on, 1-8 Processor, see CPU Processor speed changing, 3-6-7, A-1 fast, 3-6-7, A-1 keyboard command, 3-6-7 normal, 4-7 pr
SETUP program starting, 2-2-3 system information, 2-34 system memory, 2-4 system security, 2-9-10 system summary, 2-10 user-defined, 2-5-6 Shadowing memory, Intro-1-2, A-1 BIOS ROM, 2-7 video ROM, 2-7 SIMMS adding, Intro-3 banks, 4-10-11 configuration, 2-4, 4-10 gold-plated, 7-12 incorrect type, 7-4 installing, Intro-3, 4-10-12 location, 4-5 positioning, 4-12 removing, 4-13-14 sockets, 2-4, 4-5, 4-10-14, 7-12 tin-plated, 4-11 type, 4-11, A-1 Slave hard disk drive, 5-11 Slot cover, 4-15 Slots, option, see Op
U W User password, 2-9-10, 3-4-5 User-defined hard disk drive, 2-5-6 Utility, disk compaction, 7-9 Wait state, DRAM, 2-8 Weight, computer, A-4 Width, computer, A-4 Windows driver, 6-14 font size, 6-4-5 mouse driver, 1-4,7-12 screen colors, 6-4-5 screen resolutions, 6-1-2,6-4 VGA drivers, 6-4 Write-protection, 7-7 V VESA drivers, 6-2 VGA connector, 1-3-5, A-13 controller, Intro-2, A-2 drivers, Intro-3,2-12,6-1-5 IBM, 6-1 interface, Intro-2, A-2 monitor, 1-4-5, 6-1-2, 7-6 port, Intro-1, 1-34,2-4, A-13 res
4002497
