© EPSON User’s Guide 663 This manual is printed on 50% recycled paper, 10% post-consumer content.
Read This First Before you set up your EPSON® EL 486UC+ computer, read this card for guidelines on how to get started. Also keep it around for future reference because it provides important information about your system and how to get technical assistance when you need it. Setting Up Your System Most systems sold by EPSON Direct” are preconfigured; all the hardware and software (such as MS-DOS® and Microsoft® Windows™, is already installed.
4. Install VGA device drivers and utilities. If you have a monitor that supports resolutions over 640 x 480, you’ll probably want to use some of the VGA device drivers and utilities that came with your computer to enhance the display capabilities of your built-in VGA adapter. Drivers for Windows have been installed on the hard disk. To install additional drivers, see the README file on the Utility diskette for instructions.
CompuServe On-line Support If you have a modem, the fastest way to access helpful tips, specifications, drivers, application notes, tables for DIP switch or jumper settings, and bulletins for EPSON products is through the Epson America Forum on CompuServe.® If you are not currently a member of CompuServe, you are eligible for a free introductory membership as an owner of an EPSON product.
Important Record lnformation Take a moment to write down some important information about your system. You can easily refer to this card if you call for assistance.
IMPORTANT NOTICE DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY Epson America makes no representations or warranties, either express or implied, by or with respect to anything in this manual, and shall not be liable for any implied warranties ofmerchantability and fitness for a particular purpose or for any indirect, special, or consequential damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion of incidental or consequential damages, so this exclusion may not apply to you. COPYRlGHT NOTICE All rights reserved.
Important Safety Instructions Read all of these instructions and save them for later reference. Follow all warnings and instructions marked on the computer. Unplug the computer before cleaning. Clean with a damp cloth only. Do not spill liquid on the computer. Do not place the computer on an unstable surface or near a radiator or heat register. Do not block or cover the openings in the computer’s cabinet. Do not insert objects through the slots.
Importantes instructions de sécurité Lire attentivement les instructions suivantes et les conserver pour les consulter en cas de besoin. Observer soigneusement tous les avertissements et directives marques sur l’ordinateur. l l l l l l l l l Debrancher l’ordinateur avant de le nettoyer. N’utiliser qu’un chiffon humide. Veiller a ne pas renverser de liquides sur l’appareil. Ne pas placer l’ordinateur sur une surface instable ni près dune source de chaleur.
lntroduction Your new EPSON® computer offers the following features: 0 Intel® 486SW 25 MHz, 486DW 33 MHz, 486DX2/ 50, or 486DX2/ 66 MHz microprocessor 0 4MB of internal memory, expandable to 64MB 0 System and video BIOS shadow RAM 0 SKI3 of internal processor cache, with support for 64KB, 128KB, or 256KB of external cache 0 512KB of on board video memory, expandable to 1MB 0 Math coprocessor built into the microprocessor on the DX and DX2 systems 0 Built-in VGA port 0 Two built-in serial port
Using the built-in interfaces, you can connect most of your peripheral devices directly to the computer, so you do not have to install option cards. You can use the option slots to enhance your system with extra functions such as a modem card, a network controller card, or additional interface ports. The shadow RAM feature speeds up processing by moving the system and video BIOS into the RAM area of memory.
OptionaI Equipment You can easily upgrade your computer by installing additional memory and a wide variety of options, as described below. (Installation instructions are provided in Chapters 4 and 5.) System Memory By adding 4MB, SMB, 16MB, and 32MB SIMMs (single inline memory modules) to the main system board, you can expand the computer’s memory up to 64MB. Cache Memory You can increase your cache memory to 64KB, 128KB, or 256KB by installing SRAM chips on the main system board.
Math Coprocessor You automatically install a math coprocessor when you upgrade your system with a DX or DX2 microprocessor, because a math coprocessor is built into the 486DX and 486DX2 chips. Drives Your system can support up to four mass storage devices, including hard disk drives, diskette drives, a tape drive, a CD-ROM drive, or an optical drive. As your storage needs expand, you can install additional drives. Some restrictions apply however; see Appendix A for more information.
Chapter 4 describes how to remove and replace the computer’s cover, change jumper settings, and install optional equipment such as microprocessor upgrades, option cards, and memory modules. Chapter 5 explains how to install and remove disk drives. Chapter 6 contains troubleshooting tips. Appendix A lists the specifications of your computer and the operating environments that have been tested on your system. At the end of this manual you’ll find an Index and a list of U.S.
Where to Get Help If you purchased your computer in the United States or Canada, EPSON provides customer support and service through a network of Authorized EPSON Customer Care Centers. EPSON also provides support services through the EPSON Connection.” In the United States, dial (800) 922-8911. In Canada, dial (800) GO-EPSON.
If you need help with any software application program you are using, see the documentation that came with that program for technical support information. CompuServe On-line Support If you have a modem, the fastest way to access helpful tips, specifications, drivers, application notes, tables for DIP switch or jumper settings, and bulletins for EPSON products is through the Epson America Forum on CompuServe.
Contents Introduction 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 6 7 VGA Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Optional Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cache Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Video Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Microprocessor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Math Coprocessor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drives . . . . . . . . . .
Checking System Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 Setting the Diskette Drive(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 The Fixed Disk Setup Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5 Defining Your Own Drive Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5 The Advanced System Setup Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 Configuring Cache Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacing the Option Card Connector Board. . . . . . . . . . . Adding Video Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installing the Video Chips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installing External Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installing the Cache Chips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Upgrading the Microprocessor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replacing the Processor Chip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mouse Problems Controller Problems External Cache Problems 6-12 6-13 6-13 Appendix A Specifications CPU and Memory Controllers Interfaces Mass storage Keyboard SETUP Program Physical Characteristics Power Supply Option Slot Power Limits Environmental Requirements Video Resolutions and Colors Tested Operating Environments Options Available from EPSON Hard DiskDrive Types Drive Option Information Connector Pin Assignments DMA Assignments Hardware Interrupts System Memory Map System I/O Address Map Index V
Chapter 1 Setting Up Your System This chapter briefly describes how to set up your computer. It includes the following information: 0 Getting started 0 Connecting peripheral devices 0 Turning the computer on and off. Getting Started Follow the instructions below for choosing a location for your new system and unpacking it. Choosing a Location When you are ready to set up your system, choose a safe, convenient location that provides the following: A flat, hard surface.
0 No electromagnetic interference. Do not place your system too close to any electrical device, such as a telephone or television, which generates an electromagnetic field. 0 Appropriate power source. Connect all your equipment with the appropriate power cords for the power source in your area.
Connecting Peripheral Devices Use the illustration below to locate the ports on the back of your system as you connect the keyboard, monitor, printer, and other devices. monitorcable power inlet poweroutlet MOUSE PA RA LLEL Connecting a Keyboard To connect a keyboard, hold the cable connector so the arrow on the connector faces up. Insert it into the port marked K/B. Connecting a Mouse If your system came with an EPSON PSI 2 compatible mouse: you connect it to the computer’s built-in mouse port.
Caution Although the connectors and ports for the mouse and keyboard are physically identical, they cannot be used interchangeably. Be sure to plug the mouse connector into the MOUSEport, or you may damage your system. If your system has not already been configured, you may need to install a mouse driver. See your mouse manual for instructions. (If you are using Windows, the mouse drive was automatically installed by the program.
4. If the connector has retaining screws, tighten them. 5. Plug the monitor’s power cord into the power inlet on the back of the monitor. 6. Plug the other end of the power cord into a grounded electrical outlet or into the power outlet on the back of the computer. Caution Before you plug the monitor’s power cord into the back of your computer, make sure the monitor’s power requirements do not exceed 1 Amp.
Using the serial ports If you have a printer, a modem, or a mouse with a serial interface, you can connect it to one of the serial (RS-232C) ports on the back of the computer. Make sure you have a cable compatible with a DB-9P connector. To connect a serial device, insert the connector into one of the ports marked COM1 and COMC. If you are connecting only one serial device, use the COM1 port. Connecting the Power Cord Follow these steps to connect the computer’s power cord: 1.
Turning On the Computer After you set up your system, you are ready to turn on the power. Use the illustration below to identify the features of your system’s front panel. (Your computer’s front panel may look a bit different from the one illustrated in this manual.
0 Always wait at least 20 seconds after you turn off the power before you turn it on again to prevent possible damage to the computer’s electrical circuitry. 0 Do not leave a beverage near your system. Spilled liquid can damage the circuitry of your equipment. Follow these steps to turn on your system : Turn your computer around so the front panel faces you. Place your monitor, printer, and other devices in a convenient arrangement. If there is a protective card in the diskette drive, remove it.
If your system is configured to automatically load a program (such as Microsoft Windows or a word processing program), you see the first menu or screen display of that program. If not, you may see the operating system prompt, such as C: \> or A: \>. If there is no operating system installed on your computer, you see an error message. Ignore the message for now; once you install the operating system, you will not see it. Now you need to run the SETUP program to make sure your computer is configured properly.
Chapter 2 Running the SETUP Program You may need to run the SETUP program the first time you use your computer. If your system came unconfigured, you need to define how it is set up. If your system was configured for you, you may want to check the settings or adjust the date and time. You also may need to run the program again later if you change your configuration.
Starting the SETUP Program When you start your computer, it performs some power-on diagnostics. During these diagnostics, you may see the following message: Press to enter SETUP (In SETUP, you can disable this message, if desired.) Press F2 to run SETUP. This message is only on the screen for a few seconds. If you missed it, restart the computer and try again.
SETUP function keys (continued) Key Function F5or- Selectsthe previousvalue F6 or + or Selectsthe next value Spacebar F9 Loadsthe factory default valuesforthe SEIUPoptionson the current Screen FlO Ignoresany changesyou have made on the current Screen Enter Selectsthe current option orvalue Esc or Alt X Returnsto the previousscreen Whenever you are in SETUP, the bottom of the screen lists the keys you can press to perform specific functions.
Setting the Video Display Type The Video System option allows you to define the type of display you are using. If you have a VGA monitor that you connected to the computer’s built-in VGA port, select EGA/VGA. If you connected a monitor that doesn’t support VGA to a video adapter card installed in your system, select either the CGA 80 X 25 or the Monochrome option. If you installed a video adapter card, make sure you disabled the onboard VGA controller by setting jumper 518 to the Off position.
The Fixed Disk Setup Option The Fixed Disk Setup options define the types of hard disk drives you installed in your system. When you select this option, you see the Fixed Disk Setup screen. From this screen, select F i x e d D i s k 0 C o n t r o l o r F i x e d D i s k 1 Control. Your computer comes with a hard disk auto-sensing feature. Press Enter when the Autotype Fixed Disk option is highlighted. The system detects the type of hard disk drive and fills in the remaining fields on the screen.
The Advanced System Setup Option When you select this option from the Main Menu, you see the Advanced System Setup screen. From this screen, you can select options that allow you to configure the computer’s cache memory and shadow memory, and define the advanced chipset options. Note Your system can automatically configure the Advanced System Setup options for you. To avoid configuration problems, you should let the system configure these options.
Your computer can access RAM faster than ROM. The options on this screen allow your system to copy the contents of its system and/ or video ROM into RAM. When you use shadowing, your system can perform certain operations faster, providing a significant increase in performance. Note For the best system performance, always set the System shadow and the Video shadow options to Enabled. If you enable shadowing for specific blocks, the ROM located in these blocks is copied to the shadow area.
Setting the Boot Options When you select Boot Options from the Main Menu, you see the Boot Options screen. These options allow you to define the boot sequence and determine the information you see on the screen when you start up your system. The Disk drive boot sequence option determines the order in which the computer checks the drives when it looks for the operating system. If you select A: then C:, each time you turn on the computer, it first tries to load the operating system from drive A.
The Pause on POST errors option allows you to disable the error message and the message Press to r e s u m e , to Setup that you see when the system identifies a configuration error. If you disable this option, the system ignores configuration errors it finds during power-on diagnostics and starts as it normally would. It’s a good idea to keep this option enabled.
If you enable the Password on boot option, you must enter the Supervisor or User password each time you turn on the system. If you do not enable this option but you have defined passwords, you must enter the password each time you start the SETUP program. If both a Supervisor and User password are enabled, SETUP displays options for setting the User password only for users who logged on with a user password.
3. Then delete the Supervisor password the same way. Note You must delete the User password before SETUP will allow you to access the Supervisor password. If you have forgotten your password(s), see “Password Problems” in Chapter 6. Using the Diskette Access Option The Diskette Access option allows you to restrict access to your diskette drives based on the password levels you have defined. This prevents unauthorized users from accessing the drives and possibly introducing a virus into your system.
The System Summary Option When you select the System Summary option from the Main Menu, the SETUP program displays a summary of the configuration settings for your system. This is the same screen you see during system startup. You can choose not to have the system display this screen so system startup is faster. See page 2-8 for information on disabling this option. Exiting SETUP When you leave SETUP, you can save your settings, or exit SETUP without saving your settings.
Post-SETUP Procedures After you run SETUP for the first time, you may need to install the operating system on your computer (if it is not already installed). See your operating system manual for instructions. Once you have installed your operating system, install any software you plan to use. See your application program manuals for instructions. You may also want to install the optional extended video drivers for some of your application programs.
Chapter 3 Using Your Computer This chapter briefly describes the following operations: 0 Working comfortably 0 Inserting and removing diskettes 0 Stopping a command or program 0 Resetting the computer 0 Using the password 0 Changing the processor speed. Working Comfortably Use the guidelines to create a comfortable work environment: Use good posture. Keep your elbows, hips, and knees bent at approximately 90 degree angles and keep your wrists as close to horizontal as possible.
Place your monitor directly in front of you and sit about an arm’s length away from it. The top of the screen should be slightly below your eye level so you look down at the screen. Position the monitor so that no light is reflected from the screen. Use good lighting that isn’t too bright. Try to keep bright light sources out of your field of vision when you are looking at the screen. Be gentle with your keyboard. Too much force creates tension in your hands.
To insert a diskette into a 5.25-inch drive, hold the diskette with the label facing up and the read/ write slot leading into the drive. When the diskette is completely in the drive, turn down the latch to secure the diskette in the drive. When you want to remove the diskette, make sure the drive light is off; then press the release button or turn the latch. Remove the diskette and store it properly. Caution Never remove a diskette, reset the computer, or turn it off while a diskette drive light is on.
Resetting the Computer Occasionally, you may want to clear the computer’s memory without turning it off. You can do this by resetting the computer. For example, if an error occurs and the computer does not respond to your keyboard entries, you can reset it to reload your operating system and try again. However, resetting erases any data in memory that you have not saved; so reset only if necessary. Caution Do not reset the computer to exit a program.
If resetting the computer does not solve the problem, you need to turn it off and on again. Remove any diskette(s) from the diskette drive(s), turn off the computer, and wait 20 seconds. If you do not have a hard disk drive, insert a bootable diskette in drive A. Then turn on the computer. Using a Password In SETUP, you can define both a Supervisor level password and a User level password. You can also specify whether a password is required when you boot the system.
You must turn off the computer and start over. You can reset the computer using the RESETbutton but you cannot reset the computer by pressing Ctrl Alt and Del. Note If you want to change or delete your password, you must run the SETUP program as described in Chapter 2. If you do not remember your password, see “Password Problems” in Chapter 6. Changing the Processor Speed Your computer’s processor can operate at two speeds: fast (the speed of your microprocessor) or slow (8 MHz).
You can change the processor speed temporarily by entering one of the following commands from the numeric keypad on your keyboard : 0 To select slow speed, press Ctrl Alt and then press the -key on the numeric keypad. This turns off the speed light. 0 To select fast speed, press Ctrl Alt and press + on the numeric keypad. The speed light comes on. Note You can use the commands listed above while you are running a program.
Chapter 4 lnstaIling and Removing Options You can enhance the performance of your computer by adding optional equipment such as system, video, or cache memory modules, option cards, or a microprocessor upgrade. This chapter first describes how to remove your computer’s cover to install options and how to replace the cover when you are finished.
Removing the Cover You need to remove the computer’s cover to install any of the options described in this chapter or to install or remove a disk drive (as described in Chapter 5). Follow these steps to remove the cover: 4-2 1. Turn off the computer and then any peripheral devices (including the monitor and printer). 2. Disconnect the computer’s power cable from the electrical outlet and from the back panel. Also disconnect any cables that are connected to the computer, including the keyboard cable.
6. Grasp the sides of the cover and lift it straight up, as shown below: 7. Set the cover aside. 8. Ground yourself to the computer by touching the metal surface of the back panel. WARNING Be sure to ground yourself by touching the back panel of the computer every time you remove the cover. If you are not properly grounded, you could generate an electric shock that could damage a component when you touch it.
Replacing the Cover When you are ready to replace the computer’s cover, follow these steps: 4-1 1. Make sure all the internal components are installed properly. 2. Check all cable connections, especially those that might have been loosened during your work. 3. Make sure all cables are out of the way so they do not catch on the cover. 4. Insert the front of the cover between the front bezel and the chassis of the computer and guide it straight down. (See the illustration on page 4-3.) 5.
Locating the Internal Components As you follow the instructions in this chapter, refer to the illustration below to locate the different components inside your computer.
Changing the Jumper Settings The main system board in your computer has a number of jumpers that control certain functions. These jumpers are preset at the factory to default positions. See the illustration below to locate the jumpers on the system board. Note These are the only jumpers you may need to change. Other jumpers on the system board are for service purposes only.
Use the information in the following tables to change jumper settings, if necessary. Jumpersettings * Factory setting ** You can use MS-DOS to automatically reassign parallel and serial ports. Check your MS-DOS manuaI for more information.
Edema/cache jumper settings* * If you have no external cache installed, the position of these jumpersdoes not matter. Setting the Jumpers If you need to change any jumper settings, follow these steps: 4-8 1. Refer to the illustration on page 4-6 to locate the jumpers. 2. If there are any option cards installed in your computer, you need to remove them to access the jumpers. See page 4-18. 3. A jumper’s setting is determined by where the jumper is placed on the pins.
Setting jumpers To move a jumper from one position to the other, use needlenose pliers or tweezers to pull it off its pins and gently move it to the desired position. Caution Be careful not to bend the jumper pins or damage any components on the main system board. 4. Replace any option cards you removed. See page 4-14 for instructions.
Installing Memory Modules (SMMs) Your computer comes with 4MB of memory on a SIMM. By installing additional SIMMs, you can increase the amount of memory in your computer up to 64MB. There are two SIMM sockets on the main system board. You can install 4MB, SMB, 16MB, and 32MB SIMMs. The following table shows the possible SIMM configurations; do not install memory in any other configuration. (When the front of the computer is facing you, BANK 0 is on the right.
Use only tin-plated, 32-bit or 36-bit, 72-pin, fast-page mode SIMMs that operate at an access speed of 70ns (nanoseconds) or faster. Be sure all the SIMMs operate at the same speed. Inserting SIMMs Make sure the computer is turned off and then follow these steps to install SIMMs: 1. Make sure the front of the computer is facing you. 2. Refer to the illustration on page 4-5 to locate the SIMM sockets on the right side of the system board. 3.
5. Push the SIMM into the socket until it is seated firmly in the slot. Then tilt it upright, as shown below, guiding the hole at each end of the SIMM over the retaining post at each end of the SIMM socket. If it does not go in smoothly, do not force it; pull it all the way out and try again. 6. Replace any option cards you removed. (See page 4-14 for instructions.
4. Use your fingers or a small screwdriver to carefully pull away the metal tabs that secure the SIMM at each end, as shown below. 5. As you pull away the tabs, the SIMM falls to the side. Remove it from the socket. 6. If necessary, follow the same procedure to remove the other SIMM. 7. If you are inserting different SIMMs, follow the instructions on page 4-l1 to install them. 8. Replace any option cards you removed, as described below.
lnstalling an Option Card This section explains how to install option cards in your computer. Your computer has three 16-bit, full-length slots and two S-bit, half-length slots to accommodate a total of five option cards. As you install option cards, keep these guidelines in mind: Usually it does not matter which slot an option card occupies as long as the card fits in the slot. For example, you can place some S-bit cards in a 16-bit slot.
Caution Make sure the power requirements for the option cards you install do not exceed the power supply limitations. See your option card manual(s) for the power requirements. Then check Appendix A for the option slot power limits. Refer to the illustrations below and follow these steps to install an option card: 1. If you are using a 16-bit option slot, go on to step 2. If you are using an S-bit slot near the power supply, you need to move the power supply before you can remove the metal slot cover.
4-16 2. Remove the retaining screw securing the option slot cover to the computer, as shown below. (Keep the screw to secure the option card to the computer.) 3. Slide out the slot cover and set it aside. (Store it in a safe place in case you remove the option card later.
4. Hold the card along the top corners and guide it connector, as shown below. (If you are installing full-length card, insert the front edge of the card corresponding guide inside the computer’s front into the a into the panel.) Once the connectors reach the slot, push the card in firmly (but carefully) to insert it fully. You should feel the card fit into place. If it does not go in smoothly, do not force it; pull the card all the way out and try again. 5.
Removing an Option Card You may need to remove an option card to access components on the main system board-to change a jumper setting, for example. You may also want to remove a card if you no longer need it. Refer to the option card illustration on page 4-17 and follow these steps: 1. Remove the retaining screw securing the option card to the computer. Then pull the card straight out of the slot. 2. Set the card aside with the component side facing up. 3.
2. Remove the two retaining screws securing the option card connector board to the back of the computer, as shown below. 3. Pull the board straight up and out of its socket and set it aside.
Replacing the Option Card Connector Board If you removed the option card connector board, follow these steps to replace it. Refer to the option card connector board illustration above. 4-20 1. Position the board above its slot and push it straight into the connector, as shown below. 2. Secure the board to the back of the computer with its two retaining screws. 3. Re-install any option cards you removed. See page 4-14.
Adding Video Memory Your computer comes with 512KB of video memory soldered onto the main system board. You can increase your video memory to 1MB by installing four video DRAM, 20-pin, 70ns or Sons, 256KB x 4-bit, DIP (Dual Inline Package) chips. This is useful for running graphics-intensive applications or for supporting resolutions up to 1024 x 768 in 256 colors. For the memory to work properly, you must install chips in one of the following configurations (each bank consists of two video memory sockets).
Caution To avoid generating static electricity and damaging the memory chips, ground yourself by touching the metal surface on the inside of the computer’s back panel. Then remain as stationary as possible while you install them. 3. Remove the memory chips from their package and inspect each one. The pins should point inward at slightly less than a 90o angle. If any of the pins are bent, straighten them gently with your fingers or with small tweezers to align them with the other pins.
5. Gently press the chip halfway into the socket (to make sure it is correctly aligned). If the chip goes in at an angle, remove it with a chip puller or a small flat-head screwdriver and try again. 6. When the chip is properly positioned, push down firmly on both ends of the chip to make sure it is well-seated. 7. Repeat steps 4 through 6 for each of the remaining chips. 8. Replace any option cards you removed. See page 4-14 for instructions.
Cache memory configurations Installing the Cache Chips Follow these steps: 1. Locate the external cache memory sockets on the main system board, shown on page 4-5. 2. If there is an option card in your way, remove it. See page 4-18 for instructions. Caution To avoid generating static electricity and damaging the cache chips, ground yourself by touching the metal surface on the inside of the computer’s back panel. Then remain as stationary as possible while you install them. 3.
4. Position one of the cache chips over the first below, aligning the pins on the chip with the socket. Make sure the small notch on the end aligned with the corresponding notch on the 5. Gently press the chip halfway into the socket (to make sure it is correctly aligned). If the chip goes in at an angle, remove it and try again. 6. When the chip is properly positioned, push down firmly on both ends of the chip to make sure it is well-seated.
10. Run SETUP to enable the External Cache option and check that the System shadow and Video shadow options are enabled. You select these options from the Advanced System Setup menu. Make sure you save your settings as you leave SETUP (see Chapter 2). When the computer restarts, it displays the amount of external cache you have installed on the system. Upgrading the Microprocessor You can upgrade your computer by replacing the microprocessor with a faster one.
Microprocessor upgrade steps Replacing the Processor Chip Be sure to remove the option card connector board before you follow the steps below to replace your microprocessor; see page 4-18 for instructions. 1. Use the illustration on page 4-5 to locate the microprocessor. 2. Ground yourself by touching the metal surface on the inside of the computer’s back panel. Caution Make sure you ground yourself before you touch the processor chip. Then remain as stationary as possible while you install it.
3. If you use a chip puller, position the puller between the processor chip and the socket. You can also use a small, flat-edged screwdriver instead of a chip puller. Carefully wedge the tip of the screwdriver between the processor chip and the socket. Gently turn the screwdriver until the chip begins to separate from the socket. Move the screwdriver to another side of the processor chip and again turn it until the chip separates from the socket.
6. Position the processor chip over the socket, aligning the notched edge of the chip (marked with a dot) with pin 1 on the socket, as shown below. A corresponding notch is drawn on the circuit board under the socket. dot pin 1 7. Make sure the pins in the processor chip are directly over the holes in the socket. Then gently push the microprocessor straight into the socket, pressing evenly on all sides. 8.
post-installation Procedures After you install or remove options such as memory modules or a microprocessor, you must run SETUP to update the computer’s configuration. See Chapter 2 for instructions. Additionally, you may need to add some commands to your configuration files. See your operating system manual and the manual that came with your optional equipment.
Chapter 5 Installing and Removing Drives This chapter describes how to install and remove optional drives in your computer. You can use these instructions to install a variety of devices, including hard disk drives, a diskette drive, a tape drive, a CD-ROM drive, or an optical drive. Although your drive may look different from the ones illustrated here, you should be able to install it the same way. Your computer can hold up to four mass storage devices.
lnstalling a Hard Disk Drive in the lnternaI Drive Bay Your computer may have a hard disk drive already installed in the internal drive bay. If not, you can install a l-inch high by 31/2-inch wide drive in this bay. This section includes steps for the following procedures: 0 Removing the mounting frames from the hard disk drive (if necessary) 0 Connecting the hard disk drive cables 0 Installing the hard disk drive under the mounting bracket 0 Installing the hard disk drive above the mounting bracket.
Removing the Mounting Fames If there are mounting frames attached to your hard disk drive, you need to remove them before you can install the drive. Follow these steps: 1. On your drive, there may be a plastic guiderail and metal grounding plate attached to one of the mounting frames. If so, remove the screws securing them to the mounting frame and remove the guiderail and grounding plate. plastic guiderail mounting frames 2.
Connecting the Hard Disk Drive Cables To connect the hard disk drive to the computer, you need to connect two cables: the hard disk drive ribbon cable and a power supply cable. The hard disk drive ribbon cable is attached to your system board. If you need to remove it for any reason, see “Connecting the drive cable to the system board,” below, for instructions on reconnecting the cable to the system board.
2. Locate the hard disk drive connector on the system board. pin 1 Position the system board connector on the cable so that the red wire aligns with pin 1 of the connector on the system board. There is a “1” printed on the system board to identify pin 1. Make sure the holes in the cable connector fit over the pins in the system board connector; then push in the cable connector.
Connecting the drive and power cables to the drive Follow the steps below to connect the hard disk drive ribbon cable and a power supply cable to the drive: 1. Locate the hard disk drive connector on the end of the hard disk drive ribbon cable. 2. Locate pin 1 on the drive connector. If you do not see it on the connector casing, turn the drive over so you can see the drive’s circuit board, as shown below. There is a “1” or “2” printed on the board to identify the side of the connector containing pin 1.
5. Locate one of the power supply cables that lead from the power supply. (They have multi-colored wires and a plastic connector on the end .) 6. Position the power supply cable connector so that its notched corners line up with the notched corners of the power supply connector on the hard disk drive. 7. Make sure the holes fit over all the pins and then push in the connector. Caution If you do not align the cable connector correctly, you could severely damage your hard disk drive when you push it in.
Installing the Hard Disk Below the Mounting Bracket If you have a l-inch tall hard disk drive, you can install it below the hard disk drive mounting bracket. Refer to the illustrations below and follow these steps: 5-8 1. Remove the screw securing the mounting bracket to the base of the computer, as shown below. 2. Slide the mounting bracket toward the diskette drive bays, as shown above, until the slots clear the tabs. 3. Lift the mounting bracket out of the computer and set it aside.
4. Align the hard disk drive so that the cables lead toward the diskette drive bays and the four screw holes on the base of the drive are above the four pegs, as shown below. pegs 5. Gently lower the drive over the pegs. When the pegs are inserted in the screw holes on the base of the hard disk drive, the drive will not move from side to side. Note If the drive isn’t seated correctly on the pegs, you may not be able to close the cover all the way.
5-10 6. Lower the mounting bracket over the hard disk drive, making sure that the slots in the mounting bracket fit over the tabs on the base of the computer. 7. Slide the bracket toward the side of the computer, as shown below, until the tabs hold the bracket in place. 8. Secure the mounting bracket with the screw.
Installing the Hard Disk On the Mounting Bracket You can install a hard disk drive on top of the mounting bracket rather than under it. Refer to the illustration of the mounting bracket on page 5-8 and the one below while following these steps: 1. Remove the screw securing the mounting bracket to the base of the computer and slide the mounting bracket toward the diskette drive bays until the slots clear the tabs. (See the illustration on page 5-8.) 2. Lift the mounting bracket out of the computer. 3.
5. Secure the bracket to the drive with four screws Note If you plan to install two hard disk drives, you must use flat-head screws to secure the second drive to the mounting bracket. You can purchase flat-head screws at any hardware store; request this size: #6-32UNC x 8 FH, M,+. Also, make sure you set the jumpers on both hard disk drives to indicate which is the master and which is the slave drive. See the documentation that came with your drive for instructions. 6.
Removing a Hard Disk Drive From the Internal Drive Bay To remove a hard disk drive, reverse the installation steps outlined above. Then disconnect the hard disk drive ribbon cable and the power supply cable from the back of the drive. When you disconnect the cables, grasp the connectors and pull them straight out so you do not bend the pins; do not pull on the cables. Use the screws to again secure the hard disk drive mounting bracket to the base of the computer.
Installing a Drive in the Upper External Drive Bay Your system comes with a 3.5-inch diskette drive installed in the lower externally accessible drive bay. You can also install a diskette drive, a tape drive, a CD-ROM, or an optical drive in the upper externally accessible drive bay. If you are installing a tape drive with a standard 5.25-inch diskette drive connector, you can connect it using the diskette drive cable that came with your system.
Keep the faceplate in a safe place in case you remove a drive later (or you are installing a drive that you don’t need to access). 2. Remove any brackets or mounting frames from the drive. See page 5-3 for instructions. 3. Slide the drive into the bay until it is flush with the front of the computer.
4. Align the slots at the side of the drive bay with the mounting holes in the drive. Then secure both sides of the drive to the drive bay using the retaining screws. Connecting the Drive and Power Cables To connect the drive to the computer, you need to connect both the drive ribbon cable and a power supply cable. Follow the steps below. 1. 5-16 If you are installing a diskette drive, locate the diskette drive ribbon cable.
2. If you are installing a drive with a card-edge connector, make sure you align the key-way (the plastic divider) with the gap in the drive connector, as shown below. If you are installing a 3.5-inch diskette drive with a header connector in the lower bay, see page 5-19 for instructions on connecting this cable. gap key-way, 3. Locate one of the power supply cables that lead from the power supply. (They have multi-colored wires and a plastic connector on the end .
4. Align the notched corners of the power supply connector with the notched corners of the drive’s power supply connector (such as the one shown below). Make sure the holes fit over all the pins and then push in the connector. notched corners Caution If you do not align the cable connectors correctly, you could severely damage your drive when you push them in. If you installed a diskette drive in the upper bay, it is drive B; the lower drive is A.
3. Reach behind the drive and gently push it to the front of the bay; then pull it out of the slot. 4. Once you have removed the drive, replace the faceplate by inserting one side of the plate, then gently guiding the other side into place. You will hear it snap into place.
3. Locate the multi-colored power supply cable with the small connector. This cable is attached to the system board rather than the power supply. 4. Position the power supply cable connector so that the holes fit over all the pins. The red wire on the cable will align with pin 1 identified at the power connector on the circuit board of the drive. Push in the connector. Caution If you do not align the cable connector correctly, you could severely damage your hard disk drive when you push it in.
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting If you have any problems as you set up and use your computer, refer to this chapter. You can correct most problems by adjusting a cable connection, repeating a software procedure, or resetting the computer. The troubleshooting suggestions in this chapter are organized in general categories, such as “The computer will not start.” Within each category, a more specific problem is described with possible solutions.
6-2 Serial number: Look on the back panel of the computer to find the serial number. System BIOS version: Restart your system. You’ll see the system BIOS version number on the screen when your system performs power-on diagnostics. System configuration: Start SETUP and select the System Summary option to see your system ‘s configuration. Windows version: When your computer has loaded Windows, select Help from the menu bar. Then select About Program Manager to see the version number.
The Computer Will Not Start The power light is on, but the computer does not start Replace your main operating system diskette and turn on the computer again. The computer does not start and the powerlight is not lit Make sure the power cord is securely connected to both the AC inlet on the back panel and an electrical outlet. The power cord is securely connected, but the computer still does not start. Check the electrical outlet for power. Turn off your computer and unplug the power cord.
If you replace the microprocessor, make sure the new processor chip is installed correctly. Also make sure the jumpers are set correctly and that pin 1 on the chip is connected with pin 1 on the system board. See Chapter 4. The Computer Does Not Respond The computer locks up. Wait a few moments; if your computer does not respond after a reasonable length of time, press Ctrl Alt Del. If that doesn’t work, press the RESETbutton. You may have installed memory using SIMMs that work at the wrong speed.
Keyboard Problems The screen displaysa keyboard error message when you turn on or reset the computer. Make sure the keyboard is securely connected to the keyboard port and not the mouse port. Nothing happens when you type on the keyboard. See “The Computer Does Not Respond,” above. The cursor keys on the numeric keypad do not work properly. If the Num Lock light in the upper right corner of the keyboard is lit, press NumLock to turn off the function. Monitor Problems There is no display on the screen.
The powerswitch is on but the powerlight is not on. Turn off the monitor’s power, wait five seconds, and turn it back on. If the light still does not come on, check the electrical outlet for power. Turn off your monitor and unplug it from the outlet. Then plug a lamp into the wall outlet and turn it on. If the light turns on, your monitor may be faulty. Diskette Problems You see a diskette error message. Reinsert the diskette, making sure you insert it all the way. If the drive has a latch.
You may have a defective diskette. Try copying the files from the bad diskette to a new diskette. Something is wrong with the data in the files If you are using MS-DOS, run CHKDSK to repair the files. You may also be able to use special utilities or diagnostics to solve this problem. Diskette Drive Problems A newly-installed diskette drive is not working properly. Make sure you have installed the drive correctly and check all the cable connections.
Hard Disk Drive Problems A newly-installed hard disk drive is not working properly or its performance is not what you expect. Make sure you have installed the drive correctly and check all cable connections. Also, check the drive’s jumper settings. You see a hard disk drive error when you start your system. Run SETUP and check that your system is auto-sensing the correct drive type.
You have been using your hard disk drive successfully for some time but notice a redduction in performance. The data on the disk may have become fragmented. Back up all your data and use a disk compaction utility to reorganize the files on your disk. If you cannot access data on your hard disk or you are seeing read/ write errors, the disk may have a physical problem. Contact your service representative. Password Rob/ems You have forgotten your password. You must discharge your CMOS memory.
Software Problems The application program does not start Check that you are following the correct procedure for starting the program and that it is installed correctly. If you do not have a hard disk, make sure the correct diskette is in the diskette drive. If you need help, contact your software manufacturer. The application program is having trouble reading a key disk. You may be running an application that requires a slower processor speed. You need to change the processor speed jumper, 522.
The printer prints garbled information. Check the printer manual for the printer’s correct DIP switch or control panel settings. Also, make sure you have the proper drivers installed for your printer and make sure you’ve selected the correct printer within your software application. Option Card Problems A newly installed option card is not working correctly. Make sure the option card is installed correctly and is well-seated in its slot.
Memory Module Problems The memory count displayed by the power-on diagnostics program is incorrect. You may have installed the SIMMs incorrectly. They may be the wrong type or speed, or they may not be inserted all the way. See Chapter 4 for information on installing SIMMs. If you have installed a gold-plated SIMM in one of the sockets, the socket may have corroded slightly. Remove the SIMM and clean the gold-plated connection; then reinstall the SIMM.
Extrenal Cache Problems The amount of cache displayed by the power-on diagnostics program is inconect. You may have installed the external cache chips incorrectly. They may be the wrong type, or they may not be inserted all the way. Also, you may not have changed the SETUP program or the jumpers to recognize the new cache. Make sure you have set t h e E x t e r n a l cache option to Enabled and set both the System shadow and the Video shadow options to Enabled.
Appendix A Specifications CPU and Memory 32-bit CPU Intel 486SW 25 microprocessor; upgradable to 486SXJ 33,486DW 33, 486DX2/ 50, or 486DX2/ 66 System speed Fast and slow speeds available; fast speed is 25 MHz or the speed of your upgraded microprocessor, slow speed is 8 MHz; speed selection through keyboard commands or jumper setting To select slow speed, press Ctrl Alt -; to select fast speed, press Ctrl Alt + (use the -or + key on the numeric keypad) Memory ROM 4MB RAM standard on a SIMM; expandabl
Memory relocation Supports relocation of 256KB of memory from A0000h to BFFFFh and D0000h to EFFFFh to extended memory Cache 8KB of internal cache (built into the microprocessor); supports 64KB, 128KB, or 256KB of external cache using 28-pin, 8K x 8,20ns DIP chips or 28-pin, 32K x 8, 20ns DIP chips Math coprocessor Math coprocessor built into the microprocessor for DX and DX2 systems Clock/ calendar Contained in the 82C491 system controller along with 64 bytes of CMOS RAM; backed up by a soldered NiC
lnterfaces Monitor VGA interface for fixed or multi-frequency monitor built into system board; 15-pin, D-shell connector Parallel One standard S-bit parallel bi-directional interface built into main system board; 25-pin, D-shell connector Serial Two RS-232C, programmable, asynchronous interfaces built into main system board; 9-pin, D-shell connectors Keyboard PSI 2 compatible keyboard interface built into main system board; 6-pin, mini DIN connector Mouse PSI 2 compatible mouse interface built into
Mass storage Internal mounts: Two 31/2-inch wide, one-inch high drives; with three or more option cards installed: the power supply supports only one internal drive Externally accessible mounts: One 31/2-inch wide, one-inch high drive and one 51/4-inch wide, half-height drive Diskette drives 3.5-inch diskette drive, 720KB or 1.44MB storage capacity 5.25-inch diskette drive, 360KB or 1.
Physical Characteristics width 15.6 inches (396 mm) Depth 14.5 inches (368 mm) Height 4.1 inches (104 mm) Weight 15 lb (6.8 kg), without drives or keyboard Power Supply Type 65 Watt, UL listed, fan-cooled Input ranges 110-240 VAC Maximum outputs +5 VDC at 7.5 Amps, -5 VDC at 0.1 Amp, +12 VDC at 2.0 Amps, -12 VDC at 0.
Environmental Requirements Video Resolutions and Colors * Non-interlaced and interlaced A-6 Specifications
Tested Operating Environments Although your system will run most software applications: the following operating environments have been tested for compatibility with your system. Microsoft MS-DOS versions 3.l and later Novell DR DOS® Novell NetWare*2.2,3.12, and 4.01 Novell NetWare Lite IBM OS/ 2 SCO® UNIX SCO Open Desktop Microsoft Windows 3.
Hard Disk Drive Types A-S Specifications
Hard disk drive types (continued) * Actual formatted size may be slightly different than size on drive label; you cannot change thisvalue.
Drive Option Information Hard disk drive options for high-capacity, 1-inch IDE drives * Select 1 or none for the precomp value. If neither of these optionsare available, select the maximum available precomp value.
IDEhard disk drive jumpersettings * CS(cable selection) can be jumpered for any configuration. When CSis used, the drive is a master if pin 28 isgrounded and a slave if pin 28 is not grounded.
Serial port connector pin assignments (CN4 and CN5) DMA Assignments A-12 Specifications
Hardware Interrupts Specifications A-13
System Memory Map I A-14 Specifications
System l/O Address Map Specifications A-15
System I/O addressmap (continued) Hex address Assigned device 3A0 - 3AF SDLC, bieynchronous2 380 - 3BF Monochrome display and printeradapter 3CO-3CF Enhanced graphicsadapter 3DO-3DF Colorgraphicsmonitoradapter 3F0 - 3F7 Diskette drive controller 3F8 - 3FF Serial port 1 6E2,6E3 Data acquisition (adapter 1) 790 - 793 Cluder(adapter 1) AE2, AE3 Data acquisition (adapter2) B90,893 Cluder(adapter2) EE2, EE3 Data acquisition (adapter3) 1390- 1393 Cluder(adapter3) 22El GPIB(adapter 1) 2
Index A C Advanced Chipset Control option, 2-7 Advanced System Setup option, 2-6-7 Application programs compatibility, A-7 copy protected, 3-6 installing, 2-13 problems, 6-10 requiring slow speed, 3-6 running under MS-DOS, 2-4 stopping, 3-3 video drivers, Intro-2 Auto-sensing, 2-5, 6-8, A-2 AUTOEXEC.
Configuration cache memory, 2-6, 4-23-24 changing, 2-1, 2-12 drive, 2-4, 5-20 files, 4-30, 6-2 SIMM, 2-4,4-10 system, 6-l Connecting keyboard, l-3 monitor, l-4-5 mouse, l-34, l-6 power cord, l-6 printer, l-5 Connector diskette drive, 5-17-18 hard disk drive, 5-5-7 keyboard, 1-3, A-3 monitor, l-3-5, A-3 mouse, l-34, A-3 parallel, A-l1 printer, l-5, A-3, A-l1 serial device, 1-6, A-3, A-12 VGA port, 1-3, l-5 Connector board, option card, see Option card connector board Connector pin assignments, A-l 1-12 Contr
Diskette drive, problems, 6-7 protective card, 1-8 removing, 5-18 types, 5-2, A-4 Diskette(s) defective, 6-7 formatted, 6-6 inserting, 3-2 key, 3-6, 6-10 label, 3-2-3 metal shutter, 3-2 problems, 6-6 release button, 3-2-3 removing, l-9, 3-2 type, 6-6 write-protected, 6-6 Display adapters, 2-4 Display prompt, SETUP, 2-2, 2-8 Display type option, SETUP, 2-4 DMA assignments, A-12 DOS, see MS-DOS Drivers mouse, l-4, 6-12 printer, 6-11 video, Intro-2, 2-13 E Electric shock, l-6, 4-3 Electrical circuitry, l-8, 6
Hard disk drive, preformatted, 2-5 problems, 6-8 removing, 5-13, 5-18 SETUP option, 2-5 slave, 5-12 types, 5-2, A-8-9 user-defined, 2-5 Heat sink, 4-14, 4-26, 4-29 Height, computer, A-5 Help screen, SETUP, 2-2 Help, where to get, Intro-6-7 I/O expansion slots, A-3 problems, 6-12 Indicator lights diskette drive, 3-3 power, l-7, 6-3, 6-5 speed, l-7, 3-6 Inlet, power, l-5-6, 6-3 Input ranges, power supply, A-5 Interference, electromagnetic, l-2 Internal cache, Intro-l, A-2 see also Cache memory Internal compo
Memory, configuration, 4-10 conventional, 2-4 extended, 2-4, A-14 installing, Intro-3, 4-l0-12 insufficient, 6-10 modules, see SIMMs problems, 6-12 RAM, Intro-l-3, A-l removing, 4-12-13 ROM, 2-1, 2-6, 2-12, A-l shadow, see Shadowing memory SIMMs, see SIMMs size, 2-4 standard, A-l system, Intro-l-3, l-8, 2-4, 2-6, A-l system map, A-14 video see Video memory Memory Cache option, 2-6 Messages, error, l-9, 2-2, 6-5-9, 6-12 Microprocessor, see CPU Modem, Intro-2, l-6 Monitor brightness, l-8, 6-5 cables, l-34 con
P Parallel port connecting, l-5 connector, A-l1 jumper, 4-7 location, l-3 reassigning, 4-7 Password, Intro-l problems, 6-9 Supervisor, 2-9, 2-l1, 3-5 User, 2-9-10, 3-5 using, 3-5-6 Pause key, l-8, 3-3 Pause on POST errors, 2-9 Physical format, hard disk, 6-8 Port keyboard, Intro-l, 1-3, A-3 location, l-3 mouse, Intro-l, l-34, 6-12, A-3 parallel, Intro-l, 1-3, l-5, 4-7, A-3, A-11 serial, Intro-l, 1-3, l-5-6, 4-7, A-3; A-12 VGA, Intro-l, l-34, A-3 Post-installation procedures, 4-30 Post-SETUP procedures, 2-13
Serial ports connecting, l-3-6 connector, 1-6, A-3, A-12 controller, A-3 description, Intro-l jumpers, 4-7 location, l-3 reassigning, 4-7 SETUP program advanced chipset control, 2-7 advanced system setup, 2-6-7 autotype fixed disk, 2-5 boot options, 2-8 cache memory, 2-6 chipset registers, 2-7 date and time, 2-3 diskette access, 2-l1, 6-6, 6-9 display prompt, 2-2, 2-8 display type, 2-4 drive configuration, 2-4-5 exiting, 2-12 factory default settings, 2-12 fixed disk setup, 2-5 function keys, 2-2-3 hard dis
System BIOS, Intro-l-2, 2-1, 2-4, 4-5, 6-1-2, A-l board, 4-5, 4-7, 4-14, 5-5 configuration, 2-3, 2-12, 6-l I/O address map, A-15-16 identifying, 6-l memory, Intro-l-3, l-8, 2-4, 2-6, A-l memory map, A-14 optimizing performance, 2-7, 4-l specifications, A-1-16 startup information, 6-2 startup, see Booting system System Security and Anti-Virus option, 2-9 System Setup option, 2-3 System Summary option, 2-12 T Tag SRAM, 4-24 Tape drive, Intro-4, 5-l, 5-14, A-4 Technical support, Intro-6-7 Time, setting, 2-3 T
