RE E A BL W DA RM A FI GR P U The In-System Programming (ISP) Solution for Philips/TEMIC FLASH 8051 Microcontrollers USER GUIDE (Version 1.
User Guide V1.10 Copyright Information Equinox guarantees that its products will be free from defects of material and workmanship under normal use and service, and that these products will perform to current specifications in accordance with, and subject to, the Company’s standard warranty. It is against the law to copy the software on any medium except as specifically allowed in the license or non-disclosure agreement. The purchaser may make one copy of the software for backup purposes.
User Guide V1.10 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Compliance The GEMINI-1 Programmer is a CE Approved Product. It is designed for use in a development environment only. This means that the user must ensure that there is no possibility of damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD). Since the devices and equipment to which this product is likely to be connected may well themselves be susceptible to ESD, this should not pose any difficulty. For example, if you are handling microcontrollers and EEPROMS etc.
User Guide V1.10 Technical Support It is often the case that users experience problems when installing or using a product for the first time. Due to the low-cost nature of this product, Equinox are unable to answer technical support questions about this product or its use by telephone. If you have a technical support problem, please consult the following list for help: 1 This manual 2 Troubleshooting Guide (see page 42) 3 On-line help Press for help at any time. The help system is context-sensitive.
User Guide V1.10 Contacts Equinox Technologies UK Limited 3 Atlas House, St George's Square, Bolton, England BL1 2HB Telephone Sales ....................... : +44 (0) 1204 529000 Fax ........................................... : +44 (0) 1204 535555 E-mail ...................................... : sales@equinox-tech.com Web site .................................. : www.equinox-tech.com For technical support on this product please e-mail us at: gemini@equinox-tech.
User Guide V1.10 About Philips Microcontrollers Philips manufacture a complete family of In-System Programmable (ISP) 8051 FLASH microcontrollers each with different sizes of FLASH & SRAM. Data sheets for these devices can be viewed and printed using the Acrobat pdf reader software supplied on the Philips CD-ROM. As data sheets are updated on a regular basis, it is recommended that you consult the Philips web site for the latest information.
User Guide V1.10 About TEMIC Semiconductors Microcontrollers TEMIC Semiconductors manufacture a complete range of OTP, EPROM and 8051 FLASH microcontrollers. As data sheets are updated on a regular basis, it is recommended that you consult the TEMIC Semiconductors web site for the latest information. A few sources of further information about TEMIC microcontrollers are listed below: TEMIC Semiconductors web site : http://www.temic-semi.com Equinox web site : http://www.equinox-tech.com/temic.
User Guide V1.10 Contents Introduction.....................................................................................1 Device Support - Philips Microcontrollers.....................................2 Device Support - TEMIC Microcontrollers .....................................3 System Specifications .....................................................................4 Hardware Overview........................................................................5 Hardware/Software Installation Overview ....
User Guide V1.10 Introduction GEMINI-1 DEVICE PROGRAMMER HIGHLIGHTS The GEMINI-1 is a state-of-the-art development programmer supporting the new range of In-System Programmable (ISP) microcontrollers from Philips Semiconductors and TEMIC Semiconductors. These microcontrollers feature serially downloadable memory allowing the CODE to be updated in-system without physically removing the target device from the application board. The serial programming is via the on-chip UART.
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User Guide V1.10 Device Support - TEMIC Microcontrollers TEMIC Semiconductors FLASH 8051 Microcontroller Families FLASH Code Size (Bytes) E2PROM SRAM (Bytes) I/O Vcc (Note 2) Vpp (Note 1) Prog Mode Supported T89C51RD2-M 64K 2K 1280 32-48 4.5-5.5V No (Internal) ISP T89C51RD2-L 64K 2K 1280 32-48 2.7-5.5V* No (Internal) ISP Device Figure 3 KEY: ISP = In-System Programming Mode Note 1 - Vpp issues • T89C51RD2 devices generate Vpp internally from the standard Vcc.
User Guide V1.10 System Specifications Minimum System Contents • • • • • GEMINI-1 Serial Download Programmer PC Serial extension cable set Windows Driver Software (Gemini) CD-ROM GEMINI-1 User Guide Please note: Target system is NOT included GEMINI-1 Serial Programmer Specifications Programmer Size : 55 x 53 x 16mm Shipped Weight : Approx 0.10kg PC Connection : Serial Port 25-pin female D Connector Programming Cable : Length 300mm Header : 10-way IDC 0.
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User Guide V1.10 Hardware/Software Installation Overview The Hardware/Software Overview for the installation process of the GEMINI-1 programmer is detailed diagrammatically below. Please refer to the following pages for a more detailed explanation.
User Guide V1.10 GEMINI for Windows Overview To Install 'Gemini for Windows' software: The GEMINI-1 programmer is supplied with 'GEMINI for Windows' PC driver software. This software is supplied on one 3.5" floppy disk or can be downloaded from the Equinox web site.
User Guide V1.10 Hardware Installation Instructions Overview The GEMINI-1 programmer connects to any spare PC serial (COM) port. If you only have one serial port and this is in use for e.g. a modem, it may be possible to add another serial port to your machine by inserting a new I/O card.
User Guide V1.10 Hardware Installation Instructions continued Installation Instructions See Figure 6 1 Ensure power to both PC and target systems is switched off. 2 Connect the serial cable provided to a spare COM port on the PC using the 9-25 way adaptor if necessary. 3 Connect the GEMINI-1 to the other end of the serial cable. 4 Connect the IDC plug at the end of the ISP cable into the 10-way IDC header on the user target board (not supplied).
User Guide V1.10 Serial Port Selection (Select Port) The GEMINI-1 programmer plugs into a spare serial (com) port of any IBM compatible PC including the majority of laptop machines. This tests both the programmer, cable and PC serial port. It does not communicate with the target microcontroller. Communications Test-Pass To select the Correct Serial Port The available COM ports on your computer are now displayed. The programmer has been detected OK by the GEMINI software.
User Guide V1.10 Software Overview The GEMINI for Windows™ software features many powerful functions which can be activated by simply clicking a single icon. Other utilities and commands are available by selecting the relevant menu option. For further information about the GEMINI for Windows™ software, please refer to the 'On-line Help System' supplied with the software (F1). The most commonly used functions for which an icon exits are listed below.
User Guide V1.10 Software Overview continued DEVICE READ Reads the contents of the currently selected device into the programmer buffer area(s). ERASE DEVICE Performs an ELECTRONIC erase on the currently selected device. DEVICE AUTO-PROGRAM Performs a complete programming cycle including Signature Check, Erase, Blank check, Write, Special Options, Security etc. SECURITY Allows you to READ/WRITE the security lock bits of any device which supports this feature.
User Guide V1.10 Philips Device Programming Guide The GEMINI-1 Programmer is now ready to program a target device. In the following example we have chosen to program a Philips P89C51RC+IN microcontroller on the user target system. 1 In GEMINI select This operation interrogates the target programmer and generates a ‘notepad’ document which details information about your programmer and generates a list of devices supported by the programmer.
User Guide V1.10 Philips Device Programming Guide continued 5 Setting of Baud Rate and COM Port - Choose
User Guide V1.10 Philips Device Programming Guide continued Load to Buffer (Buttons etc., explained) 1 4 2 5 3 6 Figure 12 1 Automatic Range - Automatic selection of the file start and end address. 2 Erase Buffer - Erases the entire buffer before loading the new file into it. 3 Load - Loads the selected file into the buffer. 4 Browse - Allows you to browse and select a file. 5 Preview - Previews the file (address, size, checksum) without loading it to the buffer. 6 Exit - Exit this window.
User Guide V1.10 Philips Device Programming Guide continued 8 Using to program a target device The most straightforward method of programming a target device is to select or click the icon.
User Guide V1.10 Philips Device Programming Guide continued 10 Reading/Writing the Status Byte It is possible to Read/Clear the ‘Status Byte’ using the dialog as shown in figure 13. To read the current value of the ‘Status Byte’: • Click the button -> The programmer enters ISP mode, reads the ‘Status Byte’ value and displays it.
User Guide V1.10 TEMIC Device Programming Guide The GEMINI-1 Programmer is now ready to program a target device. In the following example we have chosen to program a TEMIC T89C51RD2 microcontroller on the user target system. 1 In GEMINI select This operation interrogates the target programmer and generates a ‘notepad’ document which details information about your programmer and generates a list of devices supported by the programmer.
User Guide V1.10 TEMIC Device Programming Guide continued 4 Setting of Baud Rate and COM Port - Choose
User Guide V1.10 TEMIC Device Programming Guide continued Load to Buffer (Buttons etc., explained) 1 4 2 5 3 6 Figure 16 1 Automatic Range - Automatic selection of the file start and end address. 2 Erase Buffer - Erases the entire buffer before loading the new file into it. 3 Load - Loads the selected file into the buffer. 4 Browse - Allows you to browse and select a file. 5 Preview - Previews the file (address, size, checksum) without loading it to the buffer. 6 Exit - Exit this window.
User Guide V1.10 TEMIC Device Programming Guide continued 7 Using to program a target device The most straightforward method of programming a target device is to select or click the icon.
User Guide V1.10 TEMIC Device Programming Guide continued 9 Reading/Writing the Status Byte It is possible to Read/Clear the ‘Status Byte’ using the dialog as shown in figure 18. To read the current value of the ‘Status Byte’: • Click the button -> The programmer enters ISP mode, reads the ‘Status Byte’ value and displays it.
User Guide V1.10 Target Settings Overview Prog-Active Polarity The Gemini programmer programs a target microcontroller using the In System Programming (ISP) mode. This involves the programmer forcing the target microcontroller to execute the ‘ISP Boot Loader’ firmware which is embedded in the target device at the factory.
User Guide V1.10 Target Settings continued Overview The Gemini programmer has been designed to support most common 8051 target system RESET circuit scenarios. The timings used to enter and exit ‘Serial Programming Mode’ are user-programmable using the dialogue box. This dialogue allows the RESET polarity, hold time and release time to be altered. The characteristics of the Vpp generator can also be adjusted within this menu.
User Guide V1.10 Target Settings continued Order of events The programmer executes a specific sequence of events in order to enter ‘Serial Programming Mode’. If the selected target device requires a Vpp to be applied, this voltage will be generated from the programmer. If the target device does not require a Vpp voltage, the programmer will apply a continuous +5V voltage to the Vpp pin. Action Description 1 User selects a programming operation 2 The programmer asserts the PROG_ACTIVE pin.
User Guide V1.10 Target Settings continued Action Description 9 Programmer waits for period T3. - This time allows the target system RESET to reach 0V. During this period, the target microcontroller will start to execute code. The target microcontroller will jump to the address pointed to by the ‘Boot Vector’ and will then jump to the ‘Boot Loader’ code. 10 Programmer send the character ‘U’ to the target microcontroller to initiate ‘Serial Programming Mode.
User Guide V1.10 Target Settings continued Programming waveforms for a P89C51RC+ device 12V (Vpp) EA/Vpp (PROG_Vpp) 5V (Vcc) 5V RESET 0V PROG_ACTIVE (PROG_RESET) 5V 0V Parameters see figure 24 Actions see figure 22 1 2 T1 T2 T4 T3 3 7 9 5 4 6 8 11 10 T2 T5 T3 13 15 17 12 14 16 Figure 22 Notes: 1 For Philips P89C51Rx2 devices, the ‘EA/Vpp’ voltage will remain at +5V (i.e. Vcc) at all times. 2 For TEMIC T89C51RDx devices, the ‘EA/Vpp’ voltage will remain at +5V (i.e.
User Guide V1.10 Target Settings continued Timing Parameters The Gemini software allows you to set up all of the relevant timings for entering and exiting ‘Serial Programming Mode’. The default timings for T1...T6 have been chosen to suit a C/R network.
User Guide V1.10 Target System - ISP Design Requirements Overview The Philips P89C51Rx+, P89C51Rx2 and TEMIC T89C51Rx2 microcontroller families feature on-chip FLASH CODE memory which may be in-system programmed (ISP) using the Gemini ISP programmer. To facilitate ISP on your target system, it is necessary for you to bring out certain connections from the target microcontroller to a header on your PCB. The Gemini ISP cable plugs into this header allowing the programmer to assert the correct signals.
User Guide V1.10 Target System - ISP Design Requirements continued GEMINI-1 - Target System Connection Details 10-Way IDC Header Top Pin View PROG_Vcc The programmer 10-way ribbon cable supplied is terminated with a standard 10-way 0.1" pitch IDC plug. This is designed to mate with the complimentary male 10-way IDC header on the target system.
User Guide V1.10 Target System - ISP Design Requirements continued Programmer Power Supply Requirements The programmer draws its power from the target system. To ensure that the programmer operates reliably, it is imperative that the target power supply meets the voltage and current requirements of the programmer shown in the ‘Systems Specifications’ section of the manual.
User Guide V1.10 Target System - ISP Design Requirements continued The following target system requirements must be met for the Gemini-1 programmer to reliably in-system program (ISP) a target microcontroller: Target Oscillator The ISP mode of these microcontrollers uses a ‘Boot Loader’ stored in the target microcontroller. It follows, therefore, that the target microcontroller must be able to execute the ‘Boot Loader’ firmware.
User Guide V1.10 ISP Target System Design Guide - Philips Microcontrollers Implementation of ISP on the target system The circuit schematic shown in figure 29 details the connections required between the programmer and the target microcontroller. Some connections and components are optional depending on the device family being used and whether a ‘PROGRAMMER ACTIVE LED is required on the target system.
User Guide V1.10 ISP Target System Design Guide - Philips Microcontrollers continued PROG-RESET TARGET-VCC Vcc PROG-VCC C4 C3 U1 Vcc Active High RESET Circuit R1 D1 J2 D2 PROG-ACTIVE J1 RESET PROG-VPP EA/Vpp Philips P89C51Rx+ or P89C51Rx2 Microcontroller R2 C5 USER-INPUT * P2.7 USER I/O P3 6 P3.2-P3.7 P2 7 P2.0-P2.6 P1 8 P1.0-P1.7 P0 8 P0.0-P0.7 ALE N/C PROG-PSEN PSEN RXD TXD XTAL1 P3.0 PROG-TXD P3.
User Guide V1.10 ISP Target System Design Guide - Philips Microcontrollers continued Notes P89C51Rx+ family These devices require a Vpp of +12V to be applied to the ‘EA/Vpp’ pin of the target microcontroller. The Vpp is generated on-board the Gemini programmer and is output on the ‘PROG_VPP’ pin during a programming operation. The ‘PROG_VPP’ pin outputs +5V (i.e. Vcc) at all other times.
User Guide V1.10 ISP Target System Design Guide - Philips Microcontrollers continued RS-232 Transceiver The Gemini programmer utilises ‘logic level’ signals on the ‘PROG_RXD’ and ‘PROG_TXD’ lines. This allows the programmer to be connected to the target system with no need for a costly RS-232 Transceiver IC.
User Guide V1.10 ISP Target System Design Guide - TEMIC Microcontrollers Implementation of ISP on the target system The circuit schematic shown in figure 31 details the connections required between the programmer and the TEMIC T89C51Rx2 microcontroller. Some connections and components are optional depending on the device family being used and whether a ‘PROGRAMMER ACTIVE’ LED is required on the target system.
User Guide V1.10 ISP Target System Design Guide - TEMIC Microcontrollers continued PROG-RESET TARGET-VCC Vcc PROG-VCC C4 C3 U1 Vcc Active High RESET Circuit R1 D1 J2 PROG-ACTIVE RESET N/C EA/Vpp PROG-VPP TEMIC T89C51RD2 Microcontroller ALE USER I/O P3 6 P2 8 P1 8 P0 8 N/C PROG-PSEN PSEN P3.2-P3.7 P2.0-P2.7 RXD P3.0 PROG-TXD P1.0-P1.7 TXD P0.0-P0.7 P3.
User Guide V1.10 ISP Target System Design Guide - TEMIC Microcontrollers continued Notes RS-232 Transceiver The Gemini programmer utilises ‘logic level’ signals on the ‘PROG_RXD’ and ‘PROG_TXD’ lines. This allows the programmer to be connected to the target system with no need for a costly RS-232 Transceiver IC.
User Guide V1.10 Target System Requirements The following target system requirements must be met for the Gemini-1 programmer to reliably in-system program (ISP) a target microcontroller: Target Oscillator The ISP mode of the TEMIC microcontroller uses a ‘Boot Loader’ stored in the target microcontroller. It follows, therefore, that the target microcontroller must be able to execute the ‘Boot Loader’ firmware.
User Guide V1.10 GEMINI-1 Compatible Target Systems The products listed below have been specially designed to interface with the GEMINI-1 programmer: • Microcontroller Personality Module This dedicated Microcontroller Personality module supports most 40-pin Philips/TEMIC microcontrollers. The module features an ISP header which connects to the ‘GEMINI-1’ programmer.
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User Guide V1.10 Error Messages Error: Device Not Responding Problem description: This error indicates that the programmer can not establish communications with the target microcontroller.
User Guide V1.10 Error Messages continued Error: Incorrect Signature ‘0A 0A 0A’ Problem description: This error occurs only with Philips microcontrollers. If P2.7 of the target microcontroller is LOW when the device exits the RESET condition, the microcontroller enters a hidden ‘test mode’. Fix/workaround: Ensure that P2.7 is HIGH when the device exits the RESET condition. This is best achieved by connecting P2.7 to Vcc.
User Guide V1.10 PC Serial Cable Connections The Gemini-1 is supplied with a 9-way to 25-way Serial Cable and a 25-way to 9-way Adaptor so you can connect it to either a 9-pin (see figure 33) or a 25-pin (see figure 34) PC COM Port.
User Guide V1.10 Microcontroller Timing Characteristics Overview The following tables detail the result of laboratory programming trials for various microcontrollers. All test performed used the ‘In-System Programming (ISP) mode. These timings and settings are meant for guidance only. E&OE. Results may differ depending on microcontroller revision, PC, power supply, target system etc.
User Guide V1.10 Microcontroller Timing Characteristics continued Philips 8051 FLASH Microcontroller Timing Characteristics P89C51Rx+ Family Device Vpp (Volts) P89C51RC+ +12V P89C51RD+ +12V Fosc (MHz) Write Time (Secs) Baud rate (To Target) 24 24 24 24 24 24 106.5 57.3 24.4 213.1 114.6 48.8 9,600 19,200 56,000 9,600 19,200 56,000 Fosc (MHz) Write Time (Secs) Baud rate (To Target) 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 54.1 29.8 13.3 106.4 57.6 24.7 210.9 112.9 47.
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User Guide V1.10 Upgrading the Programmer Firmware This programmer features upgradable firmware technology which allows the actual control code within the programmer to be updated in the field. Upgrading the programmer firmware allows new features, new device algorithms and bug corrections to be added to the product by means of a straightforward Windows reprogramming utility, without having to return the product to Equinox.
Equinox Technologies UK Limited reserves the right to change any information contained within this manual without prior notice. E&OE Terms and product names contained in this document may be trademarks of others.
