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Copyright Copyright 1994 by Exabyte Corporation. All rights reserved. This item and the information contained herein are the property of Exabyte Corporation.
Changes and Enhancements to This Manual This revision (510504-002) of the EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 Product Specification for Standard and eXtended Length (XL) Configurations replaces the EXB-8205 8mm Cartridge Tape Subsystem Product Specification (510703) and the EXB-8505 8mm Cartridge Tape Subsystem Product Specification (510504). This manual includes the following changes and enhancements: The manual has been reorganized for easier reference.
Product Warranty Caution The EXB-8205, EXB-8205XL, EXB-8505, and EXB-8505XL 8mm Cartridge Tape Subsystems are warranted to be free from defects in materials, parts, and workmanship and will conform to the current product specification upon delivery. For the specific details of your warranty, refer to your sales contract or contact the company from which the tape drive was purchased.
Contents About This Manual xii Intended Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . How This Manual is Organized . . . . . Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . Conventions Used in This Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Features 1-1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 Functional Description 3-1 Write Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data Flow and Data Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . Streaming and Start/Stop Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thresholds During a Write Operation . . . . . . . . . . Error Detection, Correction, and Recovery Procedures Read Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thresholds During a Read Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 Functional Specifications 6-1 Performance Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Write Access Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Read Access Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tape Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reposition Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drum Rotation Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tape Tension Release and Drum Motion Suspension . . . Data Transfer Rate . . . . . .
Figures Features Figure 1-1 Figure 1-2 Figure 1-3 Figure 1-4 Figure 1-5 Figure 1-6 Figure 1-7 Figure 1-8 Figure 1-9 Comparison of the four tape drives . . . . . . . . Front panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Label location and content . . . . . . . . . . . . . Back panel (single-ended configuration) . . . . . Internal components (EXB-8505 shown) . . . . . Location of the read heads and write heads . . . External dimensions in inches (and millimeters) EXB-210 8mm Library . . . . . . . . . . .
Functional Specifications Figure 6-1 Figure 6-2 Figure 6-3 Figure 6-4 May 1994 Power connector location on the back panel . . . . . . . . Chassis ground location on back panel . . . . . . . . . . . Temperature and humidity ranges for operation . . . . . Particulate contamination specification vs. typical office EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 (Standard and XL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tables Features Table 1-1 Table 1-2 Table 1-3 Table 1-4 Table 1-5 Comparison of tape drive features . . . . . . . . . . . . Read/write compatibility of Exabyte 8mm tape drives Data format features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Approximate capacities of EXATAPE data cartridges . EXATAPE media compatibility with 8mm tape drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4 1-5 1-5 1-8 1-21 Recording parameters . . . . .
About This Manual This product specification describes the functional, performance, and environmental specifications for the following EXABYTE® 8mm Cartridge Tape Subsystems (tape drives): EXB-8205 EXB-8205XL (extended length) EXB-8505 EXB-8505XL (extended length) Intended Audience This manual is for engineering, purchasing, or marketing personnel who want to evaluate the EXB-8205, EXB-8205XL, EXB-8505, and EXB-8505XL to determine the feasibility of integrating them into product lines.
Chapter 7 describes compliance with regulatory and safety agency standards, including electromagnetic susceptibility (EMI), susceptibility to electrostatic discharge (ESD), and radiated susceptibility. This product specification contains a glossary and an index. Related Publications The following publications list additional, related information.
Standards For information about the standards used for the tape drives, refer to the following publications: ANSI Small Computer System Interface (SCSI), X3.131 - 1989 ANSI Small Computer System Interface-2 (SCSI-2), X3.
Notes: xiv EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 (Standard and XL) 510504
1 Features This chapter provides an overview of the EXB-8205, EXB-8205XL, EXB-8505, and EXB-8505XL, including: Features Physical description Related products May 1994 EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 (Standard and XL) 1-1
1 Features Features The EXB-8205, EXB-8205XL, EXB-8505, and EXB-8505XL are enhanced 8mm digital helical-scan cartridge tape subsystems (tape drives). The tape drives are packaged in the industry standard 5.25-inch half-high form factor, which allows for ease of integration across a multitude of platforms.
1 Features Figure 1-1 Comparison of the four tape drives The EXB-8205XL and EXB-8505XL are fully compatible with the EXB-8205 and EXB-8505; each extended length tape drive supports all of the tape sizes and data formats supported by the corresponding standard tape drive. You can distinguish an extended length tape drive from a standard tape drive by checking the unload button. The extended length tape drives have a raised diamond pattern on the unload button.
1 Features Table 1-1 Comparison of tape drive features EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL EXB-8205 and EXB-8205XL Half-high 5.25 inches Form factor 8200, 8200c, 8500, 8500c Data formats supported Buffer size 8200, 8200c 1.0 MByte Data transfer rate* 1.
1 Features Table 1-2 Read/write compatibility of Exabyte 8mm tape drives A tape written in this format... Can be read and written by an ... EXB-8205 EXB-8205 XL EXB-8505 EXB-8505 XL 8200 4 4 4 4 8200c 4 4 4 4 8500 4 4 8500c 4 4 Table 1-3 Data format features 8200 format 8500 format (EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL) 8200c format* 8500c format* (EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL) Maximum sustained data transfer rate 262 KBytes/sec 500 KBytes/sec 1.0 MByte/sec Maximum capacity on 112m tape 2.
1 Features Determining the Tape Format When writing data to tape, the tape drive does one of the following: If the tape is positioned at the logical beginning of tape (LBOT), the tape drive writes data in the default format or whatever format you select with the SCSI MODE SELECT (15h) command. (The tape drive allows only one format on any one tape.) If the tape is positioned at any other valid position for writing data, the tape drive writes data in the same format as the data already on the tape.
1 Features Custom EEPROM Options When the tape drive is manufactured, a number of operating features and default values are programmed in the electronically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM). These operating features and default values, called EEPROM options, include such items as MODE SELECT power-on default values, command set options, hardware operation options, and SCSI configuration options.
1 Features Storage Capacity Table 1-4 lists the approximate storage capacities of 8mm data cartridges written in the four logical formats. For more information on EXATAPE 8mm data cartridges, see page 1-20.
1 Features Physical Description This section describes the physical features of the tape drive, including the following: External features Size and weight Internal components Front Panel Controls and Indicators Figure 1-2 shows the controls and indicators on the front panel of the tape drive. Figure 1-2 Front panel Door and Bezel Standard colors for the door and bezel include black, pearl white, pebble gray, platinum, and gray. Exabyte can provide custom colors at an additional cost.
1 Features Unload Button The unload button is the only operator control on the tape drive. Pushing this button starts the unload procedure. On the EXB-8205 and EXB-8505, the unload button is smooth and has an oval-shaped indentation. On the EXB-8205XL and EXB-8505XL, the unload button has a diamond texture. See Chapter 4 for more information about loading and unloading cartridges. LEDs The tape drive contains three LEDs on the front panel.
1 Features Back Panel Components Figure 1-4 shows the back panel of a single-ended tape drive. The differential tape drives look similar except that there are no SCSI terminator R-packs (resistor terminators). Figure 1-4 Back panel (single-ended configuration) Ground Tab and Grounding Hole The tape drive includes a ground tab and grounding hole to use if you want additional chassis grounding. See Chapter 6 for more information.
1 Features SCSI ID Jumper Block The SCSI ID jumper block on the tape drive enables you to set the SCSI ID either by using a remote switch or by installing jumpers. See Chapter 4 for more information about setting the SCSI ID. Monitor Port Using the Monitor port, you can change some of the tape drive’s configuration options, download code updates, and perform diagnostic procedures on the tape drive.
1 Features Internal Components of the Tape Drive This section describes the internal components of the tape drive, including the tape transport mechanism, the rotating drum assembly, and each of the four main cards. Figure 1-5 shows the internal components of the EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL. The EXB-8205 and EXB-8205XL have a VUA card instead of the SUA card shown below.
1 Features Tape Transport Mechanism The 8mm tape transport mechanism is manufactured by Sony to Exabyte specifications. It is compatible with 8mm data cartridges that meet the ECMA-145 standard. Rotating Drum Assembly The rotating drum assembly in the EXB-8205 and EXB-8205XL has one write head, one read head, and one servo head. The rotating drum assembly in the EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL has five heads: two write heads (W1, W2), two read heads (R1, R2), and one servo head.
1 Features The drum rotates constantly at 1831 rpm in the default format (8500c format for the EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL; 8200c format for the EXB-8205 and EXB-8205XL). This speed of rotation results in a nominal effective head-to-tape speed of approximately 150.5 inches per second (3.8 meters per second). Approximate tape movement is 0.5 inches per second (11.1 millimeters per second).
1 Features Preamp and Upper Analog Cards A Preamp card (SPR card) contains preamplifier, motor, and write driver circuitry. The Upper Analog card (SUA card in the EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL; VUA card in the EXB-8205 and EXB-8205XL) contains analog filters, equalization, and clock-detect circuitry. Together, the preamp and upper analog cards comprise the write and read electronics.
1 Features Size and Weight Designed to meet industry-standard 5.25-inch half-high form factor mounting requirements, the tape drive is 1.62 inches high × 5.75 inches wide × 8.00 inches deep (41.2 × 146.0 × 203.2 mm) and weigh 2.6 pounds (1.2 kilograms). Figure 1-7 shows the external dimensions of the tape drive. For information about mounting requirements, see Chapter 4.
1 Features Related Products This section describes products related to the tape drives. Integration with Other Exabyte Products You can purchase the tape drive separately or already integrated with one of the following Exabyte products: EXB-210 8mm Library Mini Tabletop Cartridge Tape Subsystem EXB-210 8mm Library The EXB-210 is an 8mm data cartridge library that contains one or two half-high 8mm tape drives, a ten-cartridge magazine, one fixed cartridge slot, and a robotic handler.
1 Features Designed as an easily integrated data management solution, the EXB-210 provides automated data storage in a SCSI-2 environment. Operating with an EXB-8505XL and assuming a data compression ratio of 2:1, the EXB-210 can store up to 154 GBytes on eleven 160m XL data cartridges. For more information about the EXB-210, refer to the EXB-210 8mm Library Product Specification.
1 Features The Mini Tabletop CTS is lightweight and completely enclosed. It has an internal, self-switching universal power supply, which allows continuous operation during limited power interruptions or surges. The Mini Tabletop CTS also offers maximum EMI/RFI shielding. A remote SCSI ID switch and two SCSI connectors on the enclosure provide multiple options in a daisy-chained environment.
1 Features Table 1-5 EXATAPE media compatibility with 8mm tape drives EXATAPE Length Thickness Compatible 8mm Tape Drives EXB-8200 and EXB-8200SX EXB-8500 and EXB-8500c EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 EXB-8205XL and EXB-8505XL 15m 13 µm 4 4 4 4 54m 13 µm 4 4 4 4 112m 10 µm 4 4 4 4 160m XL 7.7 µm Do not use Do not use Automatically ejects 4 Important EXATAPE 160m XL media is compatible with the # EXB-8205XL and EXB-8505XL only.
1 Features Exabyte Cleaning Cartridges Use an Exabyte 8mm Cleaning Cartridge to clean the tape drive. The Exabyte 8mm Cleaning Cartridge contains a shed-free fabric tape that traps and removes debris from tape drive heads and tape paths. By using this cleaning cartridge on a regular basis, you maintain data integrity and improve reliability of the tape drive. Exabyte 8mm Cleaning Cartridges come in two sizes: 3c and 12c.
2 Recording Format This chapter describes the recording formats used by the EXB-8205, EXB-8205XL, EXB-8505, and EXB-8505XL.
2 Recording Format Helical-Scan Recording To increase the amount of data that can be recorded on the tape, the tape drive implements advanced helical-scan recording technology. Helical-scan recorders write very narrow tracks at an acute angle to the edge of the tape, as shown in Figure 2-1. This recording method creates a track length that is several times longer than the width of the tape.
2 Recording Format Physical Format This section defines the physical track structure of the tape, including the types of physical track structures, physical blocks, search fields, and servo areas. Physical Track Structure The EXB-8205 and EXB-8205XL can write data to tape in two types of physical track structures: 8200 and 8200c. The EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL can write data to tape in three types of physical track structures: 8500/8500c, 8200c, and 8200. These track structures are described below.
2 Recording Format Figure 2-2 Relationship of 8mm physical track structures to logical data formats 2-4 EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 (Standard and XL) 510504
2 Recording Format 8500/8500c Physical Track Structure In 8500/8500c format, an EXB-8505 or EXB-8505XL uses the W1 and W2 heads to write two partially overlapping physical tracks on the tape for each revolution of its head/drum assembly. The width of each track is 15.5 µm. During a read operation, the tape drive uses the R1 and R2 heads to read the two tracks. Figure 2-3 shows the physical track structure on a tape written in 8500 and 8500c format.
2 Recording Format Figure 2-4 shows the position of the EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL’s write (W1, W2), read (R1, R2), and servo heads, relative to the tracks as the heads pass across the tape when the tape drive is writing or reading 8500 and 8500c format tapes.
2 Recording Format Figure 2-5 Physical track structure for 8200c track format Figure 2-6 Physical track structure for 8200 track format May 1994 EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 (Standard and XL) 2-7
2 Recording Format Figure 2-7 shows the position of the tape drive’s write head, read head, and servo head relative to the tracks as the heads pass across the tape when the tape drive is reading and writing 8200c format tapes. (For the EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL, the W2 write head and R2 read head positions are shown.
2 Recording Format Physical Blocks For all three physical track formats, each physical track contains eight physical blocks. A physical block can contain user data or other information.
2 Recording Format Search Fields For 8500/8500c and 8200c track structures, each track contains search fields used for high-speed search. (Figure 2-8 shows where search fields are located in a track.) The search fields are the only areas of the tape that are read during a high-speed search. The search field data contains information for locating files and blocks and detecting the end-of-data (EOD) mark during high-speed searches.
2 Recording Format Recording Parameters Table 2-1 shows the recording parameters for the EXB-8205, EXB-8205XL, EXB-8505, and EXB-8505XL. The table includes the parameters for tape drives writing and reading data in three physical formats. Table 2-1 Recording parameters Tape drives reading and writing in this physical format: Parameter 8500/8500ca 8200c 8200 Tape width 8.00 mm (0.315 in) 8.00 mm (0.315 in) 8.00 mm (0.315 in) Track length (data + servo)b 62.651 mm (2.47 in.) 62.651 mm (2.
2 Recording Format Logical Format The following sections describe the logical characteristics of the information recorded on the tape. The logical tape format consists of the logical beginning of tape (LBOT) mark, followed by any number of tracks up to the limit for the data cartridge. These tracks can include logical blocks of data, gap blocks and gap bytes, filemarks, setmarks, and end-of-data information.
2 Recording Format Logical Blocks A logical block contains user data that is transferred from the host to the tape drive. Logical blocks can have fixed or variable lengths, which can be intermixed on the tape. The tape drive supports uncompressed logical block sizes from 1 to 240 KBytes. For information about setting the logical block size, refer to the EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 SCSI Reference.
2 Recording Format In 8200 format, each physical block contains one header and one logical block. In 8200c, 8500, and 8500c formats, each physical block includes a 14-byte header that can define only two logical blocks. If the physical block contains more than two logical blocks, the tape drive adds an additional two-byte header in the data field for each logical block after the second one.
2 Recording Format Gap Bytes A gap byte is a byte containing undefined data that the tape drive uses to fill empty space in a physical block. The tape drive may automatically write gap bytes in the following cases: At the end of a write operation. Before writing a filemark. Before writing a setmark (EXB-8505 or EXB-8505XL only). When it is physically impossible to start the next logical block in the physical block because less than three bytes are available.
2 Recording Format Gap Blocks and Gap Tracks A gap block is a physical block containing 1,024 gap bytes. A gap track is a physical track containing eight gap blocks. When the tape drive stops at the end of a write operation, it writes at least one gap track following the last track containing data blocks. In 8200 or 8200c format, the tape drive writes one gap track. In 8500 or 8500c format, it can write two gap tracks. The gap track provides the track orientation required to append data.
2 Recording Format Filemarks Filemarks enable the initiator to locate particular blocks of data on the tape quickly during a high-speed search. By using a SPACE filemark (11h) command, the initiator can position the tape to the data marked by filemarks at up to 75 times the normal tape speed (or up to 10 times the normal tape speed when reading an 8200 format tape). Depending on the format, the tape drive can write either a long or short filemark.
2 Recording Format Short Filemarks In 8500, 8500c, and 8200c formats, a short filemark consists of a single, 1-KByte physical block. This block contains information identifying the filemark’s number and location on the tape. In 8200 format, a short filemark consists of 21 tracks of information. Setmarks (EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL only) When the EXB-8505 or EXB-8505XL is writing in 8500c format, you can issue a WRITE FILEMARKS (10h) command to write one or more setmarks to tape.
2 Recording Format Track and Block Counts The number of tracks and physical blocks on the tape depend on the following markers: Physical beginning of tape (PBOT). PBOT is located at the point on the tape where the translucent leader material is attached to the media. This position is detected by an optical sensor in the tape transport mechanism. Logical beginning of tape (LBOT).
2 Recording Format Table 2-3 Track and physical block counts for 8200 and 8200c formats LBOT to LEOT EXATAPE Size Number of tracks LEOT to PEOT* Number of blocks Number of tracks Number of blocks Hex Decimal Hex Decimal Hex Decimal Hex Decimal 15m 8C44h 35,908 46220h 287,264 11A9h 4,521 8D48h 36,168 54m 22FF2h 143,346 117F90h 1,146,768 114Eh 4,430 8A70h 35,440 112m 46000h 286,720 230000h 2,293,760 45B0h 17,840 22D8h 142,720 160m XL 696F9h 431,865 34B7C8h 3,454,920
3 Functional Description This chapter describes the functional features of the EXB-8205, EXB-8205XL, EXB-8505, and EXB-8505XL, including write and read operations.
3 Functional Description Write Operations Figure 3-1 provides a high-level overview of the tape drive’s flow of data during a write operation. 1 3 Data not to be compressed SCSI bus Data written to tape Data buffer 2 Data to be compressed Compression circuit 4 Tape Read-after-write 5 Rewrite (if necessary) Figure 3-1 Data flow during a write operation Data Flow and Data Compression The data-flow process during a write operation is outlined below.
3 Functional Description If data compression is turned on, the data goes from the SCSI bus to the compression integrated circuit where it is compressed and then decompressed. The tape drive performs a Compression Integrity Check™ by comparing the decompressed data to the original data. If the decompressed data does not match the original data, the tape drive indicates that a compression error has occurred and does not write the data to tape.
3 Functional Description Data Compression Monitoring The tape drive constantly monitors the compression ratio to determine whether compressing the data will actually decrease the size of the data set. When a logical block expands (as it might, for example, when it has already been compressed by the initiator), the tape drive automatically switches to uncompressed format. It remains in this format until it encounters a compressible logical block. Then, it switches back to the compressed format.
3 Functional Description Thresholds During a Write Operation In start/stop mode, the motion threshold controls the starting and stopping of tape motion. In streaming mode, the reconnect threshold controls the rate of disconnects and reconnects between the tape drive and the initiator. The values of both of these thresholds can be changed with a MODE SELECT command. Motion Threshold In a start/stop write operation, the initiator-to-buffer transfer speed is slower than the buffer-to-tape transfer speed.
3 Functional Description Error Detection, Correction, and Recovery Procedures As the tape drive writes data to tape, it integrates error correction code (ECC) and physical-block cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bytes with each physical block. After it writes data, the tape drive uses the ECC and CRC to perform a read-after-write check to ensure data reliability.
3 Functional Description Read Operations Figure 3-2 provides a high-level overview of the tape drive’s flow of data during a read operation. 1 Uncompressed data SCSI bus 2 Decompression circuit Data read from tape Data buffer Tape Data to be decompressed Figure 3-2 Data flow during a read operation The process for reading logical blocks of user data is outlined below.
3 Functional Description Thresholds During a Read Operation The motion threshold controls the starting and stopping of tape motion. The reconnect threshold controls the rate of disconnects and reconnects between the tape drive and the initiator. Motion Threshold In a start/stop read operation, the tape-to-buffer transfer speed is faster than the buffer-to-initiator transfer speed.
4 Requirements for Use This chapter specifies the requirements for installing, operating, maintaining, and shipping the EXB-8205, EXB-8205XL, EXB-8505, and EXB-8505XL.
4 Requirements for Use Installation Requirements Installing the tape drive involves the following steps: Setting the SCSI ID Mounting the tape drive in a mounting frame (if desired) Terminating the tape drive (if necessary) Connecting a SCSI cable to the tape drive Connecting the tape drive to the power supply This section describes the requirements for installing the tape drive. For step-by-step instructions for completing installation tasks, refer to EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 Installation and Operation.
4 Requirements for Use Note that changes in the SCSI ID setting will not take effect until one of the following conditions occur: Normal power-on The tape drive is reset by a SCSI bus reset The tape drive receives a Bus Device Reset message For detailed instructions for setting the SCSI ID, including the pin assignments for the SCSI ID jumper block, refer to EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 Installation and Operation.
4 Requirements for Use Figure 4-2 Mounting holes on the sides Figure 4-3 Mounting holes on the bottom 4-4 EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 (Standard and XL) 510504
4 Requirements for Use The mounting holes accommodate M3 × 0.5 × 6 mm screws and are designed for standard 5.25-inch half-high form factor mounting requirements. The holes are 0.31 inches (7.9 mm) deep. Figure 4-4 shows the dimensions for the tape drive’s mounting holes.
4 Requirements for Use Requirements for SCSI Bus Termination If the tape drive is the last device on the SCSI bus, it must be terminated. As described in this section, the termination requirements for the tape drive depend on whether it uses a single-ended or differential SCSI configuration. Terminators for Single-Ended Configuration The single-ended SCSI configuration includes three single in-line package (SIP) resistor terminators (R-packs).
4 Requirements for Use Requirements for Connecting a SCSI Cable The cable for connecting the tape drive to the SCSI bus is not provided with the tape drive. You must provide a cable that complies with the appropriate safety and regulatory agency requirements. To comply with FCC, Canadian DOC, and VDE limits, the tape drive requires shielded cables when the cables are external to the mounting enclosure.
4 Requirements for Use Primary Conductor A minimum primary conductor size of 28 AWG is recommended to minimize noise effects and ensure proper distribution of terminator power. SCSI Cable Connector Requirements The SCSI connector is located at the back of the tape drive, as shown in Figure 4-5. The connector is a 50-pin male ribbon cable connector. The stub length within the tape drive is less than 50 mm.
4 Requirements for Use Table 4-1 Connector pin assignments for differential tape drives May 1994 Signal Pin Number Signal SHIELD GROUND 1 2 GROUND +DB(0) 3 4 –DB(0) +DB(1) 5 6 –DB(1) +DB(2) 7 8 –DB(2) +DB(3) 9 10 –DB(3) +DB(4) 11 12 –DB(4) +DB(5) 13 14 –DB(5) +DB(6) 15 16 –DB(6) +DB(7) 17 18 –DB(7) +DB(P) 19 20 –DB(P) DIFFSENS 21 22 GROUND GROUND 23 24 GROUND TERMPWR 25 26 TERMPWR GROUND 27 28 GROUND +ATN 29 30 –ATN GROUND 31 32 GROUND +B
4 Requirements for Use Table 4-2 Connector pin assignments for single-ended tape drives Signal Pin Number* +DB(0) 2 +DB(1) 4 +DB(2) 6 +DB(3) 8 +DB(4) 10 +DB(5) 12 +DB(6) 14 +DB(7) 16 +DB(P) 18 GROUND 20 GROUND 22 GROUND 24 TERMPWR 26 GROUND 28 GROUND 30 –ATN 32 GROUND 34 –BSY 36 –ACK 38 –RST 40 –MSG 42 –SEL 44 –C/D 46 –REQ 48 –I/O 50 * All odd pins except pin 25 are connected to ground. Pin 25 is left open.
4 Requirements for Use Operation This section provides general information about operating the tape drive. For more detailed instructions, refer to EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 Installation and Operation. Power-On Mode In its normal power-on mode, the tape drive completes a power-on self-test in approximately 30 seconds. Once the power-on self test is complete, the tape drive loads the tape (if already inserted), and positions the tape at LBOT.
4 Requirements for Use Figure 4-6 LEDs on the faceplate of the EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL Figure 4-7 LEDs on the faceplate of the EXB-8205 and EXB-8205XL 4-12 EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 (Standard and XL) 510504
4 Requirements for Use Different LED combinations indicate the tape drive’s operating state, as follows: When the top (amber) LED is on or flashing, the tape drive either has an error or needs to be cleaned. When the middle LED is on or flashing, SCSI bus activity is occurring. The middle LED can be green or amber, as follows: • When this LED is amber, the tape loaded in the tape drive is in compressed format (8500c or 8200c).
4 Requirements for Use Note: Table 4-3 documents the LED combinations that you are likely to observe during normal tape drive operation. You may occasionally observe other LED combinations and sequences. These other combinations represent special or unusual conditions that are beyond the scope of this table. (For example, a fairly complex LED sequence occurs when you load new microcode from tape.
4 Requirements for Use Refer to EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 Installation and Operation for instructions for setting the write-protect switch and loading data cartridges in the tape drive. Refer to the EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 SCSI Reference for information about the MODE SELECT and LOAD commands. Load Time The time required to load the data cartridge and position the tape to LBOT after the data cartridge is inserted is approximately 60 seconds.
4 Requirements for Use Effect of PREVENT/ALLOW MEDIUM REMOVAL Command If an initiator has issued a PREVENT MEDIUM REMOVAL (1Eh) command to prevent the removal of the data cartridge, the tape drive will not eject the data cartridge until the initiator sends an ALLOW MEDIUM REMOVAL (1Eh) command to allow you to remove the data cartridge. For more information about using the PREVENT/ALLOW MEDIUM REMOVAL command, see the EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 SCSI Reference.
4 Requirements for Use Using SCSI Commands You can use SCSI commands to read, write, erase, and search for data. You can also copy microcode, inquire about tape drive status, set operating parameters, and perform diagnostic tests using SCSI commands. For information on these commands and how to use them, see Chapter 5. Preventive Maintenance Except for cleaning, the tape drive has no user serviceable adjustments or maintenance procedures.
4 Requirements for Use Determining When the Tape Drive Needs Cleaning You should clean the tape drive’s heads and tape path after every 30 tape motion hours. This cleaning frequency does not depend on the format in which you write and read data. However, if you are using the tape drive in a particularly dirty environment or if you operate it infrequently, you may want to clean it more often than every 30 tape motion hours.
4 Requirements for Use Use the READ BUFFER command to copy the new code from a tape drive across the SCSI bus to an initiator. You can then use the WRITE BUFFER command to copy the code from the initiator to another tape drive. For more information about the CTS Monitor program, refer to the CTS Monitor documentation. For more information about using SCSI commands, refer to the EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 SCSI Reference.
4 Requirements for Use Both the single-pack and the multi-pack shipping cartons and internal packing materials are designed so that an enclosed tape drive does not receive a shock greater than 45 g when the carton is dropped on any surface, corner, or edge from the following heights: 48 inches (121.9 cm) at a velocity change of 192 inches per second (488 cm/sec) for the single-pack carton 36 inches (91.
5 Interface Specifications This chapter describes the tape drive’s SCSI interface, including the following sections: SCSI features Physical path SCSI messages SCSI commands Using SCSI commands May 1994 EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 (Standard and XL) 5-1
5 Interface Specifications SCSI Features Implementation characteristics of the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) controller include the following: Support for single-ended or differential SCSI configurations. SCSI bus parity checking configurable through the MODE SELECT command. Support for multiple initiator configurations.
5 Interface Specifications SCSI Messages The SCSI message system supported by the tape drive allows communication between the initiator and the tape drive for physical path management. Table 5-1 lists the SCSI messages supported by the EXB-8205, EXB-8205XL, EXB-8505, and EXB-8505XL. Refer to the EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 SCSI Reference for detailed information about SCSI communications and messages.
5 Interface Specifications SCSI Commands The SCSI-2 command set supported by the tape drive consists of 19 six-byte commands (Group 0 command set) and 6 ten-byte commands (Group 1 command set). These commands are listed in Table 5-2. Note: Tapes written and read in 8200 format use the SCSI-1 command set. See the EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 SCSI Reference for more information.
5 Interface Specifications Command OP Code Description READ BUFFER 3Ch Copies the tape drive’s microcode across the SCSI bus to the initiator. Used in conjunction with the WRITE BUFFER command. READ POSITION 34h Reports the tape drive’s current logical position but does not cause tape motion to occur. Used in conjunction with the LOCATE command.
5 Interface Specifications Using SCSI Commands This section describes the SCSI commands used to write, read, erase, and search for data, and to copy microcode, inquire about tape drive status, set operating parameters, and perform diagnostic tests. Writing Data To transfer bytes or blocks of data from the initiator to the tape drive, use the WRITE (0Ah) command.
5 Interface Specifications Searching for Data To enable the tape drive to perform forward or backward searches, use the SPACE (11h) or LOCATE (2Bh) commands. The tape drive moves the tape at its high-speed search speed, which is up to 75 times the nominal tape speed. The tape drive can space over both fixed and variable blocks. The tape drive determines the type of spacing to use according to the type of block found on the tape.
5 Interface Specifications Fault Symptom Code (FSC) that indicates the specific nature of hardware and software errors or other events (the FSC is an Exabyte-unique byte) INQUIRY (12h) Command You can use the INQUIRY (12h) command to obtain information about the tape drive’s firmware level, the version of SCSI supported by the tape drive, and so on. LOG SENSE (4Dh) and LOG SELECT (4Ch) Commands You can use the LOG SENSE (4Dh) command to retrieve the tape drive’s read and write error counters.
6 Functional Specifications This chapter includes functional specifications for the tape drive, including the following sections: Performance specifications Reliability specifications Power specifications Environmental specifications May 1994 EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 (Standard and XL) 6-1
6 Functional Specifications Performance Specifications This section describes the performance specifications for the tape drive. Write and Read Access Times Write access time starts when the tape drive receives the last byte of the WRITE command (that is, when the initiator de-asserts ACK) and ends when the tape drive asserts REQ to request that the initiator transfer the first data byte across the SCSI bus.
6 Functional Specifications Tape Speed Table 6-2 lists the nominal tape speed at which data can be written and read by the tape drives. Table 6-2 Nominal tape speed Format Speed EXB-8205 and EXB-8205XL 8500c — 8500 — EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL 11.079 mm/sec (0.436 inch/sec) 8200c 11.079 mm/sec (0.436 inch/sec) 8200 11.633 mm/sec (0.458 inch/sec) File-Search Tape Speed Table 6-3 lists forward and backward file-search tape speeds for the tape drives.
6 Functional Specifications 8200 Format If the tape is written in 8200 format, the tape drive can perform forward file-search operations at 10 times the nominal tape speed and backward file-search operations at 7.5 times the nominal tape speed. Rewind Tape Speed Table 6-4 lists maximum rewind times for the tape drives for four sizes of EXATAPE 8mm data cartridges.
6 Functional Specifications Drum Rotation Period Table 6-5 shows the drum rotation period for the tape drives reading and writing tapes in all formats. Table 6-5 Drum rotation periods Format Drum rotation period Nominal effective head-to-tape speed 32.77 msec (1831.055 rpm) 3.824 m/sec (150.548 inch/sec) 31.21 msec (1922.607 rpm) 4.015 m/sec (158.
6 Functional Specifications Data Transfer Rate The maximum obtainable data transfer rates for the tape drive depend on what mode it is operating in. Table 6-6 shows the data transfer rates for each of the four formats. Table 6-6 Data transfer rates Type of transfer Rate achieved for these formats . . . Sustained transfer rate 8500ca 8500a 8200c 8200 up to 1 MBytes/secb up to 500 KBytes/sec up to 500 KBytes/secb up to 262.5 KBytes/sec Synchronous burst up to 5.
6 Functional Specifications Reliability Specifications This section lists the reliability specifications for the tape drive. Service Life The tape drive has been designed to exceed a useful service life of five years, during which time all performance and reliability specifications are applicable. Machine Reliability: Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) The mean time between failures (MTBF) value for the EXB-8205, EXB-8205XL, EXB-8505, and EXB-8505XL is 160,000 power-on hours.
6 Functional Specifications Test Conditions The MTBF value for the tape drive is determined under the following conditions: MTBF is specified for a maximum duty cycle of 10%, where duty cycle is defined as: Duty Cycle = Total Hours of Mechanical Operation 100% Total Power-on Hours The tape drives are tested at the following ambient temperature and relative humidity: • • 23° C ± 2° C 50% relative humidity ± 10% (non-condensing) The tape drives are operated in accordance with operating specifications
6 Functional Specifications Restrictions for the MTBF Value The following types of failures are excluded from the calculation of MTBF: Failures arising from incorrect operating procedures Cable failures, power supply failures, or other failures not caused by equipment Failures caused by incorrect grounding procedures or by interference from external sources Media failures, or any failures or degraded performance caused by use of faulty or damaged media New failures that arise from continued use of a failed
6 Functional Specifications Data Reliability Data reliability is specified as a bit error rate (BER) in units of one error per total number of bits transferred to the host. Conditions for Data Reliability The conditions under which the specifications for data reliability apply are as follows: The EXATAPE data cartridges used must comply with Standard ISO/IEC 12246. Data cartridges must be written and read on a tape drive that is in good operating condition and properly grounded.
6 Functional Specifications Write Reliability Write reliability is determined by the rate of permanent write errors. During a write operation, the tape drive uses read-after-write checking to determine whether physical data blocks are correctly written to tape. When the read-after-write check criteria are not met for a data block, the tape drive rewrites the block. The tape drive keeps track of the number of times blocks are rewritten and stores this number internally.
6 Functional Specifications Power Specifications This section lists the power specifications for the tape drive. Voltages The tape drive operates from standard +5 VDC and +12 VDC supply voltages, as specified in Table 6-7. All specified voltages are DC; no external AC power is used by the tape drive. The tape drive does not provide any overvoltage or overcurrent protection.
6 Functional Specifications Power Connector The power connector used in the tape drive is compatible with the power connector used for standard 5.25-inch, half-high devices. Figure 6-1 shows the location of the power connector on the rear of the tape drive and the pin assignments. Figure 6-1 Power connector location on the back panel Table 6-8 lists the pin assignments for the power connector.
6 Functional Specifications Grounding Hole and Ground Tab The rear panel of the EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 includes a grounding hole and a ground tab, as shown in Figure 6-2. These can be used to provide additional chassis grounding if desired. The grounding hole uses an M3 0.5 6mm self-tapping screw, while the ground tab uses a 1⁄4-inch female spade connector. Note: The power supply returns are connected to the chassis, so you cannot isolate logic common ground from chassis ground.
6 Functional Specifications Environmental Specifications This chapter describes the following environmental specifications for the tape drive: Operating environment Air flow requirements Particulate contamination limits Shock and vibration specifications Acoustic noise limits Table 6-9 shows the overall environmental specifications for the tape drive.
6 Functional Specifications Operating Environment The psychrometric chart, Figure 6-3, shows the operating temperature and humidity ranges for the tape drive. The dotted line represents the operating environment. Table 6-10 defines the temperature and humidity points shown in Figure 6-3.
6 Functional Specifications Air Flow Requirements Adequate air flow must be provided in the enclosure for the tape drive to dissipate heat resulting from approximately 15.0 watts of power consumption. The air flow around the entire tape drive must be sufficient to prevent the tape path temperature from exceeding 40° C (104° F). However, air flow within the enclosure must be minimal at the tape path. Otherwise, particulate contamination of the media can result.
6 Functional Specifications Figure 6-4 Particulate contamination specification vs. typical office Shock Specifications Table 6-12 lists the shock specifications for the tape drive. The operating shock levels indicate how much shock the tape drive can withstand while it is reading and writing data. The non-operating and storage shock levels indicate how much shock the tape drive can withstand when it is not operating. After withstanding this amount of shock, the tape drive will operate normally.
6 Functional Specifications Vibration Specifications Table 6-13 lists the vibration specifications for the tape drive during operation, non-operation, storage, and transportation. The operating specifications listed in this table indicate the amount of vibration that the tape drive can withstand while reading and writing data. Table 6-13 Vibration specifications Random vibrationa applied during operation 1 Hz PSD = 0.000003 g2/Hz 5 Hz PSD = 0.00002 g2/Hz 10-150 Hz PSD = 0.
6 Functional Specifications Acoustic Noise The overall, averaged A-weighted sound power levels (decibels) for the tape drive do not exceed the upper limits specified in Table 6-14. Table 6-14 Acoustic noise limits Operating mode LWA* The tape drive is powered on and idle. 40 dBA The tape drive is fully operational and operating in streaming mode for a read or write operation. 45 dBA *LWA is the average A-weighted sound power level over the following frequency range: 5 Hz to 12.5 KHz.
7 Safety and Regulatory Agency Compliance This chapter describes the following: Safety agency standards Electrostatic discharge (ESD) standards Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Radiated susceptibility May 1994 EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 (Standard and XL) 7-1
7 Safety and Regulatory Agency Compliance Safety Agency Standards When purchased from Exabyte Corporation, the tape drive is certified as a component by the following domestic and international product safety standards. UL Standard 1950, 1st Edition, Information Technology Equipment CAN/CSA Standard C22.2 No.
7 Safety and Regulatory Agency Compliance Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) When properly installed with a shielded cabinet, shielded cable and adequate grounding of the SCSI bus and the input power, the tape drive meets the requirements for radiated and conducted emissions as defined by the following standards: FCC Rules, Part 15, Class B Computing Devices Canadian Department of Communications, Radio Interference Regulation for Digital Apparatus, Class B VDE Vfg 1046/1984, Class B CISPR Publication 22,
7 Safety and Regulatory Agency Compliance Notes: 7-4 EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 (Standard and XL) 510504
Glossary 8200 format One of the data formats written and read by the EXB-8205, EXB-8205XL, EXB-8505, and EXB-8505XL. Tapes written in 8200 format can also be read by any EXB-8200, EXB-8200SX, EXB-8500, or EXB-8500c. 8200c format One of the data formats written and read by the EXB-8205, EXB-8205XL, EXB-8505, and EXB-8505XL. Tapes written in 8200c format can also be read by an EXB-8500c. 8500 format One of the data formats written and read by the EXB-8505 and EXB-8505XL.
Glossary disconnect ECC ECMA EEPROM EPROM Error correction code. European Computer Manufacturers Association. Electrically erasable programmable read only memory. Erasable programmable read only memory. EOD End of data. EOT End of tape. EXATAPE A data-grade, rewriteable data cartridge. EXB-8200 The EXB-8200 8mm Cartridge Tape Subsystem. The EXB-8200 can store up to 2.5 gigabytes of data on a single EXATAPE 8mm data cartridge. EXB-8200SX The EXB-8200SX 8mm Cartridge Tape Subsystem.
Glossary EXB-8505 EXB-8505XL F FCC FEPROM GByte h host The EXB-8505XL 8mm Cartridge Tape Subsystem. The EXB-8505XL is a half-high 8mm cartridge tape subsystem that can store 14 gigabytes of data on a single EXATAPE 160m XL 8mm data cartridge, assuming an average 2:1 compression ratio. Fahrenheit. Federal Communications Commission. Flash erasable programmable read only memory. Gigabyte. Hexadecimal (base 16) numbering system. The computer system that acts as the initiator of an operation. Hz Hertz.
Glossary mm ms or msec ns Millisecond. Nanosecond. NSTA National Safe Transit Association. PBOT Physical beginning of tape. PEOT Physical end of tape. POST Power-on self-test; the process that occurs when the tape drive performs its initial power-on diagnostics. ready The state of the tape drive when it is ready to process commands.
D Index data buffer 1-16, 3-2, 3-4 data cartridges capacities of 1-8 loading 4-14 time to load 4-15 track and block counts 2-20 unloading 4-15 data compression See compression data integrity 6-9 data reliability conditions for 6-10 read errors 6-11 restrictions for 6-10 write errors 6-11 data transfer rates 5-5, 6-6 DC voltages 6-12 differential SCSI cable length for 4-7 pin assignments for connector 4-8 SLDD card 1-16 terminators for 4-6 dimensions of tape drive 1-17 drum assembly 1-14 drum motion suspen
Index F M filemarks long filemarks 2-17 short filemarks 2-18 formats, data description 1-5 front bezel 1-9 maintenance requirements 4-17 mean time between failures assumptions for 6-8 restrictions for 6-9 test conditions for 6-8 value for tape drive 6-7 messages supported 5-2 Monitor port 1-12 motion threshold during a read operation 3-8 during a write operation 3-5 mounting requirements 4-3 MTBF See mean time between failures G gap blocks 2-16 gap bytes 2-15 gap tracks 2-16 ground 6-14 ground tab and
Index R T read access time 6-2 read operations 3-7 read reliability 6-11 read-after-write checking 3-6 reconnect threshold during a read operation 3-8 during a write operation 3-5 recording format 2-1 – 2-20 recording parameters 2-11 reliability specifications 6-7 reposition time 6-4 reselection timeout 6-6 reset conditions 4-16 rewind tape speed 6-4 tape speed file search 6-3 nominal 6-3 rewind 6-4 tape tension release time 6-5 tape transport mechanism 1-14 terminators for SCSI bus 1-12, 4-6 thresholds
Index Notes: I-4 EXB-8205 and EXB-8505 (Standard and XL) 510504
