User's Manual
Table Of Contents
- Table of contents
- 1 Warnings & Cautions
- 2 Notice to user
- 3 Customer help
- 4 Documentation updates
- 5 Important note about this manual
- 6 Parts lists
- 7 Quick Start Guide
- 8 A note about ergonomics
- 9 Camera parts
- 10 Screen elements
- 11 Navigating the menu system
- 12 Connecting external devices and storage media
- 13 Pairing Bluetooth devices
- 14 Configuring Wi-Fi
- 15 Handling the camera
- 16 Working with images
- 17 Working with thermal fusion and picture-in-picture image modes
- 18 Working with measurement tools
- 19 Fetching data from external Extech meters
- 20 Working with isotherms
- 21 Annotating images
- 22 Recording video clips
- 23 Changing settings
- 24 Cleaning the camera
- 25 Technical data
- 26 Dimensional drawings
- 26.1 Camera dimensions, front view (1)
- 26.2 Camera dimensions, front view (2)
- 26.3 Camera dimensions, side view (1)
- 26.4 Camera dimensions, side view (2)
- 26.5 Camera dimensions, 41.3 mm/15° lens, side view
- 26.6 Camera dimensions, 24.6 mm/25° lens, side view
- 26.7 Camera dimensions, 13.1 mm/45° lens, side view
- 26.8 Infrared lens (41.3 mm/15°)
- 26.9 Infrared lens (24.6 mm/25°)
- 26.10 Infrared lens (13.1 mm/45°)
- 26.11 Battery (1)
- 26.12 Battery (2)
- 26.13 Battery charger (1)
- 26.14 Battery charger (2)
- 26.15 Battery charger (3)
- 27 Application examples
- 28 Introduction to building thermography
- 28.1 Disclaimer
- 28.2 Important note
- 28.3 Typical field investigations
- 28.3.1 Guidelines
- 28.3.2 About moisture detection
- 28.3.3 Moisture detection (1): Low-slope commercial roofs
- 28.3.4 Moisture detection (2): Commercial & residential façades
- 28.3.5 Moisture detection (3): Decks & balconies
- 28.3.6 Moisture detection (4): Plumbing breaks & leaks
- 28.3.7 Air infiltration
- 28.3.8 Insulation deficiencies
- 28.4 Theory of building science
- 28.4.1 General information
- 28.4.2 The effects of testing and checking
- 28.4.3 Sources of disruption in thermography
- 28.4.4 Surface temperature and air leaks
- 28.4.5 Measuring conditions & measuring season
- 28.4.6 Interpretation of infrared images
- 28.4.7 Humidity & dew point
- 28.4.8 Excerpt from Technical Note ‘Assessing thermal bridging and insulation continuity’ (UK example)
- 29 Introduction to thermographic inspections of electrical installations
- 29.1 Important note
- 29.2 General information
- 29.3 Measurement technique for thermographic inspection of electrical installations
- 29.4 Reporting
- 29.5 Different types of hot spots in electrical installations
- 29.6 Disturbance factors at thermographic inspection of electrical installations
- 29.7 Practical advice for the thermographer
- 30 About FLIR Systems
- 31 Glossary
- 32 Thermographic measurement techniques
- 33 History of infrared technology
- 34 Theory of thermography
- 35 The measurement formula
- 36 Emissivity tables
Any wet surfaces, e.g. as a result of surface condensation, have a definite effect on
heat transfer at the surface and the surface temperature. Where there is moisture on
a surface, there is usually some evaporation which draws off heat, thus lowering the
temperature of the surface by several degrees. There is risk of surface condensation
at major thermal bridges and insulation defects.
Significant disruptions of the kind described here can normally be detected and
eliminated before measuring.
If during thermography it is not possible to shield surfaces being measured from
disruptive factors, these must be taken into account when interpreting and evaluating
the results. The conditions in which the thermography was carried out should be
recorded in detail when each measurement is taken.
28.4.4 Surface temperature and air leaks
Defects in building airtightness due to small gaps in the structure can be detected
by measuring the surface temperature. If there is a negative pressure in the building
under investigation, air flows into the space through leaks in the building. Cold air
flowing in through small gaps in a wall usually lowers the temperature in adjacent
areas of the wall. The result is that a cooled surface area with a characteristic shape
develops on the inside surface of the wall. Thermography can be used to detect
cooled surface areas. Air movements at the wall surface can be measured using an
air velocity indicator. If there is a positive pressure inside the building being investi-
gated, warm room air will leak out through gaps in the wall, resulting in locally warm
surface areas around the locations of the leaks.
The amount of leakage depends partly on gaps and partly on the differential pressure
across the structure.
28.4.4.1 Pressure conditions in a building
The most important causes of differential pressure across a structural element in a
building are
■ wind conditions around the building;
■ the effects of the ventilation system;
■ temperature differences between air inside and outside (thermal differential pres-
sure).
The actual pressure conditions inside a building are usually caused by a combination
of these factors.
The resultant pressure gradient across the various structural elements can be illustrated
by the figure on page 120. The irregular effects of wind on a building means that in
practice the pressure conditions may be relatively variable and complicated.
118 Publ. No. T559598 Rev. a554 – ENGLISH (EN) – September 27, 2011
28 – Introduction to building thermography