® Fluke 43B Power Quality Analyzer Applications Guide April 2001 © 2001 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in The Netherlands. All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
Fluke 43 Applications Guide Table of Contents Chapter Title Page Working Safely.............................................................................. How to use this Manual................................................................. Conventions Used.................................................................... Resetting the Fluke 43B................................................................ 1 2 2 4 1 Basic Measurements ........................................................
Contents (continued) 4 Motor Loads................................................................................ Introduction .................................................................................. Induction Motors........................................................................... Checking Voltage Imbalance .................................................. Checking Current and Current Imbalance............................... Measuring 3-Phase Balanced Power ..........................
Working Safely Working Safely Warning To avoid electric shock and/or equipment damage, use caution when connecting test leads to live components. The jaws of alligator clips can create a short circuit between closely spaced live parts. Avoid making connections to feeder conductors or bus bars at elevated potentials. Whenever possible, make connections to the output side of a circuit breaker, which can provide better short circuit protection. • Follow all legal requirements.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual How to use this Manual The applications in this manual are grouped in five chapters. VOLTS / AMPS / HERTZ Chapter 1 contains basic measurements. Start with this chapter to get acquainted with the Fluke 43B and with this manual. Chapter 2 contains applications related to problems with receptacle loads and transformers. Chapter 3 contains applications related to lighting systems. Chapter 4 focusses completely on motors and motor drives.
How to use this Manual SAGS & SWELLS OHMS / CONTINUITY / CAPACITANCE Pages: 9,19 Pages: 11,12,13,14 TRANSIENTS RECORD Page: 16 Page: 26 INRUSH CURRENT SCOPE Pages: 34,44 Page: 55 3
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Resetting the Fluke 43B To restore the Fluke 43B to its factory settings and return to the opening screen, reset the Fluke 43B. Resetting does not clear screen memories. Turn the Fluke 43B off and proceed as follows: 1 Press and hold. 2 Press and release. The Fluke 43B turns on, and you should hear a double beep, indicating that the reset operation was successful. Figure 1. Resetting the Fluke 43B (3) Release the HOLD key.
Chapter 1 Basic Measurements Introduction This section provides easy-to-do measurements which you can perform almost anywhere. Begin with these examples to get started with the Fluke 43B. Note It is a good idea to reset the Fluke 43B before you start a new application. This way, you always start from the same setup.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Measuring Line Voltage Determine whether the voltage level, voltage waveform, and frequency from an outlet are correct. 1 Open the main menu. 2 VOLTS/AMPS/HERTZ 3 Make connections as shown below: The rms voltage should be close to the nominal voltage, for example 120V or 230V. The waveform should be smooth and sinusoidal. The frequency should be close to 50 or 60 Hz. The Crest Factor CF is an indication of the amount of distortion.
Basic Measurements Measuring Current 1 Measuring Current Determine how the current from an outlet is supplied to a load, in this example, a hair dryer. 1 Open the main menu. 2 VOLTS/AMPS/HERTZ 3 Make connections as shown below: 4 Turn on the hair dryer. When the hair dryer is turned on, the current from the outlet increases. Notice that without test leads connected, the Fluke 43B measures the frequency of the current signal.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Line Voltage and Current Simultaneously Measuring Line Voltage and Current Determine the influence of the load current on the voltage. 1 Open the main menu. 2 VOLTS/AMPS/HERTZ 3 Make connections as shown below: The rms voltage should stay within reasonable limits. The current increases when the copier is warming up or making a copy. Note In stead of a copier, you can also use other loads of 1000W or more.
Basic Measurements Line Voltage and Current Simultaneously 1 Recording Line Voltage and Current By recording the voltage and current, you can establish a possible relation between the two. For recording voltage and current, always use SAGS & SWELLS. Basically it does the same as the RECORD key, but it can record faster fluctuations. Use the RECORD key for all other combinations of readings you want to record. Use the copier again and proceed as follows: 1 Open the main menu.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual 5 START The Fluke 43B starts recording sags and swells. Wait for 4 minutes... or press the HOLD key to stop the recording. 6 Move the cursor over a sag or swell. In this example, the high peak current from the copier caused the voltage to drop (voltage sag). In general, if you find voltage sags, the next step is to look for devices which may cause them. Poor connections or long conductors increase the effect.
Basic Measurements Testing Continuity 1 Testing Continuity Check whether a fuse is broken or open by checking continuity. In general, you can check any circuit for open connection. 1 Open the main menu. 2 OHMS/CONTINUITY/CAPACITANCE 3 Select 4 (continuity) Make connections as shown below: When the Fluke 43B beeps and shows a beep-icon, the fuse is closed. When the Fluke 43B shows OL (Over Load), the fuse is open.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Measuring Resistance Measure the resistance of a relay coil (or a resistor). 1 Open the main menu. 2 OHMS/CONTINUITY/CAPACITANCE 3 Select 4 (ohm) Make connections as shown below: 12 Observe the resistance. A typical reading on the display should be between about 150 and 500Ω. If the reading seems too high, test a known good device and compare the measured values of both devices.
Basic Measurements Measuring Capacitance 1 Measuring Capacitance Measure the capacitance of a capacitor (≤ 500 µF). 1 Open the main menu. 2 OHMS/CONTINUITY/CAPACITANCE 3 Select 4 (capacitance) Make connections as shown below: Observe the capacitance. The display shows the measured value of the capacitor. Compare the measured value with the value indicated on the capacitor.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Testing a Diode Check a diode in both forward direction and reverse direction. Useful for checking whether the diodes in a rectifier are still intact. 1 Open the main menu. 2 OHMS/CONTINUITY/CAPACITANCE 3 Select 4 (diode) Make connections as shown below: B A Observe the voltage in forward direction (A). It should read about 0.5V. Now turn the diode in reverse direction (B) and look at the display again.
Chapter 2 Receptacle Branch Circuits Troubleshooting Electrical Distribution Systems The most efficient way to troubleshoot electrical systems, is to begin at the load and work towards the building’s service entrance. Measurements are taken along the way to isolate faulty components or loads. This chapter describes typical measurements for troubleshooting problems on receptacle branch circuits. Figure 2.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Detecting Transients (Phase to Neutral) Disturbances in a distribution system may cause malfunctioning of many types of devices. For example, resetting computers or false tripping breakers. Events occur occasionally, making it necessary to monitor the system for a period of time to find them. You may look for voltage transients (impulses or spikes) when, for example, computers are resetting spontaneously. 1 Open the main menu.
Receptacle Branch Circuits Detecting Transients (Phase to Neutral) 5 6 2 Make connections as shown below: START The Fluke 43B starts capturing up to 40 transients. 7 Press HOLD to stop capturing transients.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual You can now browse through the screens which contain transients: 8 Choose a screen you want to analyze. 9 Move the cursor to a transient. Observe the measured maximum or minimum peak voltage. If the peak voltage reading indicates OL (Over Load), repeat the measurement at a higher value for VOLTAGE CHANGE. 10 18 Press SAVE to store the data of up to 20 transient waveforms for later analyzing.
Receptacle Branch Circuits Monitoring Rapid Voltage Fluctuations 2 Monitoring Rapid Voltage Fluctuations Rapid voltage fluctuations in a distribution system may cause lights to flicker. Deviations of only a few cycles (waveform periods) may result in visible dimming. The SAGS & SWELLS function measures the rms voltage over each cycle and displays deviations. 1 Open the main menu.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual 6 START The Fluke 43B starts recording sags and swells. Wait for 4 minutes... or press the HOLD key to stop the recording. 7 Move the cursor over a sag or swell. Observe the rms voltage of the sag or swell: in case of a sag, read the minimum voltage, in case of a swell the maximum voltage. Observe the time when it occurred.
Receptacle Branch Circuits Measuring Voltage Harmonics 2 Measuring Voltage Harmonics You can perform a quick check on harmonics in a power distribution system by measuring the Total Harmonic Distortion on the voltage. 1 Open the main menu. 2 HARMONICS 3 Select VOLTS. 4 Make connections as shown below: (5) Scale the harmonics spectrum screen to see more or less details. Look at the harmonics spectrum screen. Check the spectrum for severe harmonics.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Measuring Current Harmonics Non-linear loads produce current harmonics which may cause voltage distortion. 1 Open the main menu. 2 HARMONICS 3 Select AMPS. 4 Make connections as shown below: (5) 22 Scale the harmonics spectrum screen to see more or less details.
Receptacle Branch Circuits Measuring Current Harmonics 2 Look at the harmonics spectrum screen. Check the spectrum for severe harmonics. Read the THD. It indicates the harmonic distortion on the current signal. Usually, the current signal can tolerate more harmonics than the voltage signal. Tip Measure harmonic currents at the point of common coupling to check whether the THD and individual harmonics comply with national standards (like IEEE-519).
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Measuring the Load on a Transformer Measure the total kVA on all three phases to check the load on a transformer. 1 Open the main menu. 2 POWER 3 Make connections as shown below: 4 Look at the kVA reading. It shows the apparent power on phase 1. Write down the value (kVA1). The symbol of a Capacitor or an Inductor is shown to indicate capacitive or inductive loads.
Receptacle Branch Circuits Measuring the Load on a Transformer 2 transformer. If this is impossible, the transformer should be replaced by a unit with a higher kVA (or K-rating if harmonic currents are present).
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Recording the Load on a Transformer By recording the kVA during several hours, you can find out if there are specific moments during the day that the transformer may become overloaded. 1 Open the main menu. 2 POWER 3 Open the RECORD menu. Select the desired record time: 4 RECORD TIME 5 8 hours Select the first reading to record: 6 FIRST READING 7 VA Repeat step 6 and 7 to select the second reading, or continue with step 8.
Receptacle Branch Circuits Measuring the Load on a Transformer 2 Use the power adapter to prevent automatic shutdown during recording. 8 START The Fluke 43B starts recording the kVA reading. Wait for 8 hours... or press the HOLD key to stop the recording. Look for high kVA-readings during the day. 9 10 Select CURSOR Position the cursor on the event of interest in order to get measurements from the corresponding time.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Note Note that the kVA of only 1 phase was recorded. Record the other two phases before drawing conclusions. Tip Press SAVE to save the screen in memory for later documenting and analysis of the data.
Receptacle Branch Circuits Measuring K-factor 2 Measuring K-factor K-factor is an indication of the amount of harmonic currents. High harmonic orders influence the K-factor more than low harmonic orders. 1 Open the main menu. 2 HARMONICS 3 Select AMPS. 4 Make connections as shown below. Measure the K-factor under full load. 5 Observe the K-factor (KF). Measure the K-factor on phase 2 and phase 3 too, and take the highest KF-reading.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual If the measured K-factor is higher than the K-factor specified on the transformer, you either must replace the transformer by a transformer with a higher K-rating, or reduce the maximum load on the transformer. When choosing a replacement transformer, use the next trade-size higher than the highest measured K-factor. For example, a measurement of 10.3 KF on an installed transformer means replacing it with a K-13 unit.
Chapter 3 Lighting Loads Introduction This chapter provides applications of problems and phenomena that are likely to occur in a lighting system. Figure 3.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Measuring Current Harmonics Check whether the lighting system causes excessive harmonics. These may influence the system. 1 Open the main menu. 2 HARMONICS 3 Select AMPS. 4 Make connections as shown below. Turn all lights on. Look at the harmonics spectrum and read the THD value. If the current THD is less than 20%, the harmonic distortion is probably acceptable.
Lighting Loads Measuring Power on Single Phase Loads 3 Measuring Power on Single Phase Loads Inductive loads, such as fluorescent lamps, cause a phase shift between the voltage and the current. This influences the real power consumption. 1 Open the main menu. 2 POWER 3 Make connections as shown below: Look at the W reading. It shows the real power consumption of the lights. Look at DPF (cos ϕ) reading.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Measuring Surge Current Check for a high inrush currents that may cause voltage sags in a ‘weak’ lighting system. A system is considered ‘weak’ when it has a high impedance. 1 Open the main menu.
Lighting Loads Measuring Surge Current 7 8 9 3 Make connections as shown below: START Turn on the lights. If nothing happens: Press HOLD to stop. Repeat the measurement at a lower value for MAXIMUM CURRENT in step 3 and 4.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual 10 Move the left cursor to the beginning of the inrush. 11 Select the right cursor. 12 Move the right cursor to the end of the inrush. Read the peak current. It indicates the maximum current during the moment the lights were turned on. Tip Perform a sags and swells measurement (see chapter 2: “Monitoring rapid Voltage Fluctuations”) while turning on the lights to examine whether voltage sags will occur in other parts of the distribution system.
Chapter 4 Motor Loads Introduction This section provides examples that you can use to troubleshoot induction motors with and without an adjustable speed drive. Figure 4.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Induction Motors Checking Voltage Imbalance For 3 phase induction motors, the supply voltage on all three phases should be in balance. Voltage imbalance causes high unbalanced currents in the stator windings, resulting in overheating and reduced motor life. 1 Open the main menu. 2 VOLTS/AMPS/HERTZ 3 Make connections as shown below: 4 38 Write down the voltage reading of phase 1 to phase 3 (V1-3).
Motor Loads Induction Motors 5 4 Calculate the voltage imbalance (fill in your measurement results): a First calculate the average voltage: Average Voltage: ___ V1-3 + ___ V2-3 + ___ V1-2 ___ V = = _____ VAVERAGE 3 b 3 Second, calculate the maximum deviation from the mean.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Checking Current and Current Imbalance After checking voltage imbalance, check for current and current imbalance. Unbalanced currents cause overheating and reduce motor life. Also single phasing (complete loss of power on one of the phases feeding the motor) may cause overheating in the two other phase windings. 1 Open the main menu. 2 VOLTS/AMPS/HERTZ 3 Make connections as shown below. Run the motor at full load.
Motor Loads Induction Motors 5 4 Calculate the current imbalance. Use the same formula as in the previous section but substitute current for voltage. Current imbalance for three-phase motors should not exceed 10%. Example a 33 A1 + 29 A2 + 34 A3 = 96 ATOTAL = 32 AAVERAGE 3 b c 33 A1 - 32 AAVERAGE = 1 A 29 A2 - 32 AAVERAGE = - 3 A 34 A3 - 32 AAVERAGE = 2 A Largest value: 3 ADEVIATION 3 ADEVIATION x 100% = 9.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual MEASURING POWER IN 3-PHASE BALANCED SYSTEMS. The Fluke 43B can perform power measurements on 3-phase, 3-conductor balanced power systems. The load must have approximately the same voltage and current on all three phases, and must be wired in a wye or delta configuration. The balanced load makes it possible to calculate 3-phase power from one current and one voltage channel. Three phase power measurements are possible for the fundamental only.
Motor Loads Induction Motors 5 4 Press ENTER to return to the main menu The voltage and current waveforms are displayed with a phase shift of 90°. This is due to the fact that voltage and current are measured in different phases. This phase shift is automatically corrected for the readings.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Measuring Peak and Inrush Current High inrush currents of motors can cause breakers to trip or fuses to open. 1 Open the main menu. 2 INRUSH CURRENT Set the maximum expected current during the inrush. This might be 6 to 14 times the full load current of the motor.
Motor Loads Induction Motors 7 8 9 4 Make connections as shown below: START Turn the motor on. If nothing happens: Press HOLD to stop. Repeat the measurement at a lower value for MAXIMUM CURRENT in steps 3 and 4.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual 10 Move the left cursor to the beginning of the inrush. 11 Select the right cursor. 12 Move the right cursor to the end of the inrush. Read the peak currents at the cursors. Can fuses and breakers withstand these currents? Are conductors properly sized? Read the time between the cursors. Can fuses and breakers withstand the inrush current during this period? Fast acting breakers and fuses may trip. 13 46 Repeat this measurement for phase 2 and phase 3.
Motor Loads Induction Motors 4 Measuring Power Factor of 3-Phase Motors A power factor with a value close to 1 means that nearly all supplied power is consumed by the motor. A power factor of less than 1 results in extra currents, called reactive currents. This requires larger power lines and transformers. Also there will be more power loss in the transmission lines.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Delta connection or floating systems For delta systems, the procedure is more complex. Use the following procedure to calculate the Power Factor for a 3-phase grounded delta connected motor or for floating sources. 1 Open the main menu. 2 POWER 3 Make connections to phase 1 and 3 as shown below. Run the motor under normal full load (power factor decreases at less than full load). 48 Write down the true power reading (kW1) from phase 1 to 3.
Motor Loads Induction Motors 4 4 Move the red test lead and the current probe to phase 2 (keep the black test lead attached to phase 3). Write down the value for true power reading (kW 2). If the power factor is smaller than 1, kW 1 and kW 2 will be different even if the load currents are equally balanced. Note that the apparent power (kVA) is equal to the first measurement.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Measuring Voltage Harmonics When the supply voltage is distorted by harmonics, the motor can suffer from overheating. 1 Open the main menu. 2 HARMONICS 3 Make connections as shown below: 50 Look at the THD reading. In general, the Total Harmonic Distortion of the voltage supplied to an induction motor should not exceed 5%. Look at the harmonic spectrum. Negative sequence harmonics (5th, 11th, 17th, etc.
Motor Loads Adjustable Speed Drives 4 Adjustable Speed Drives Checking Current on Phases When a motor drive is tripping, first check for voltage imbalance (see “Checking Voltage Imbalance”. Then check the current on all three phases feeding the motor. 1 Open the main menu. 2 VOLTS/AMPS/HERTZ 3 Make connections as shown below. Run the motor at full load. 4 If no current is present, you may assume an open fuse or an open circuit in wiring. The drive will trip.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Measuring Fundamental of Motor Voltage Check the condition of a drive. 1 Open the main menu. 2 HARMONICS 3 Move the cursor over the fundamental (1 ). 4 st Make connections as shown below. Run the motor at full speed and full load. 52 Read the voltage of the fundamental. The voltage should be slightly less than the line voltage. If the voltage is significantly lower than the line voltage, it indicates an improper drive.
Motor Loads Adjustable Speed Drives 4 Measuring Frequency of Motor Current The frequency of the motor current correlates with motor speed. 1 Open the main menu. 2 VOLTS/AMPS/HERTZ 3 Make connections as shown below: 4 Vary the speed of the motor and look at the frequency and the waveshape of the current. The frequency of the current should correlate with the speed of the motor. Repeat this measurement for phase 2 and phase 3.
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Chapter 5 Scope Mode Introduction The Fluke 43B incorporates a full-featured digital storage oscilloscope with 20 MHz bandwidth. Channel 1 is available to display voltage waveforms while channel 2 can be used to display current waveforms via the clamp-on AC current probe. This chapter gives a step-by-step explanation of the most important scope functions. Note It is a good idea to reset the Fluke 43B before you start this new application. This way, you always start from the same setup.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Basic One Channel Measurement. Proceed as follows: 1 Press MENU twice to open the main menu. 2 SCOPE 3 Make the connections as shown below: 56 The rms voltage readout should be close to the nominal line voltage, for example 120V or 230V. The waveform should be smooth, sinusoidal and in the vertical middle of the screen. Fluke 43B is in the Auto mode.
Scope Mode Set Up Selection 5 Set Up Selection The active readout shows the AC+DCrms value of the input signal. This is because Fluke 43B just has been reset. The scope mode offers more readouts. As an example, selection of the frequency readout (Hz) is given. Also the meaning of the other readouts are explained.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual The frequency readout should be close to 50 or 60 Hz. Other readouts can be selected: their functions are indicated in the table below. SELECTED DC MEASURING RESULT Readout of the DC part of the input signal ACrms Readout of the ACrms part of the input signal AC+DCrms Readout of true rms-value of the complete input signal. Hz Readout of the frequency. Pulse+ Readout of the duration of the positive-going part of the input signal (usually a square wave).
Scope Mode Viewing Signal Details 5 Viewing Signal Details The amplitude and the number of periods of the waveform on the screen are automatically adjusted. This gives a clear overview of the general waveform characteristics. In case certain signal details are of interest, you can manually change amplitude and number of periods. The Auto mode is then switched off: the indication AUTO in the header of the SCOPE screen changes to 1/2 AUTO.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual 4 Press the lower button to reduce the waveform amplitude 5 Press the upper button to enlarge the waveform amplitude In this example the waveform amplitude is higher than the screen. Rescale the amplitude within the screen area to view the whole waveform. In the screen above, one vertical grid division equals a voltage of 50 volt which is indicated as 50 V/d.
Scope Mode Triggering 5 Triggering On the waveform you can see the trigger icon . This symbol represents the level at which the waveform is triggered. Fluke 43B automatically selects the most optimal level. If required, you can shift the trigger level to any desired value. 1 2 Press TRIGGER 3 Press the lower button to decrease the trigger level Press the upper button to increase the trigger level Note that the Fluke 43B is capable of capturing signal details occurring prior to the trigger point.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Return to Auto mode AUTO mode automatically optimizes position, range, time base, and triggering to a stable and well-defined display of nearly every type of waveform. Here is how to return the Fluke 43B to AUTO mode.
Scope Mode Dual Channel Measurement 5 Dual Channel Measurement Dual channels allow for simultaneous display of cause and effect. For example, turning on a motor will momentarily draw a high current and cause a voltage sag. The current will be high immediately after turn-on and should stabilize to some nominal value. Especially if the supply is weak, a voltage sag will be observed. The dual channel mode can be used to observe current and voltage simultaneously.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual 5 6 Press SETUP INPUT [2] COUPLING: OFF 7 INPUT [2] COUPLING DC 8 Press BACK. Two inputs are displayed simultaneously now The ground marker icons (-) of both waveforms are in the vertical mid of the screen so that the waveforms cover each other. The trace identifiers [1] and [2] indicate the relation between waveform and input signals.
Scope Mode Single Mode 5 Single Mode In single mode it is possible to freeze the current and voltage immediately after turn-on. To capture this event, the SINGLE timebase mode is used. In SINGLE mode a waveform is captured once, based upon a certain trigger event on one of the input signals. To capture a turn-on event the current on input [2] makes a good trigger. At power-on the current increases , causing a well-defined trigger condition.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual The Fluke 43B has captured voltage and current during motor turn-on. The instant of turn-on is represented by the horizontal position of the trigger icon . Voltage and current are visible for 2 horizontal divisions before turn-on. During that period the current is zero and voltage is unloaded and at maximum. After turn-on current increases rapidly and voltage drops due to the load of the motor.
Chapter 6 Handling Screens and Data Introduction This section describes saving, viewing and printing of screens. It also ® describes how screens can be used in Word documents to create reports. How to record Harmonics over time by using FlukeView software is also explained. Screens are saved in a format that allows for post processing. This makes it possible to use a cursor on a recording that has been saved.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Saving Screens Any measurement screen that is on the display, can be saved by simply pressing the SAVE key. 1 Save the screen. A message is displayed that the screen has been saved. Repeat this action several times to fill more memories with screens. If you try to save a screen while all memories are filled, you will see a message telling that you first must delete one or more memories. Viewing and Deleting screens 1 Open the main menu.
Handling Screens and Data Viewing and Deleting screens 8 Select a screen that has been saved in memory. Press VIEW. 9 Press RECALL to restore the data on screen as it was at the time that it was saved.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Printing Screens You can print both actual screens and saved screens. 1 2 Connect the Fluke 43B to a printer as shown in the picture below. Print the actual screen. To print a saved screen, view it first (see previous section “Viewing and Deleting Screens”). If the printer does not print, refer to the Users Manual manual for troubleshooting tips. Note You can also print screens using FlukeView. Refer to your FlukeView Users Manual for instructions.
Handling Screens and Data Creating Reports 6 Creating Reports You can use actual screens or saved screens in Word documents, to create reports. First install the FlukeView software for the Power Quality Analyzer by running the SETUP procedure from the CD-ROM. Instructions on getting started are given on the CD-ROM package. The FlukeView SETUP procedure installs a predefined report with the name QREPORT.DOC. 1 Connect the Fluke 43B to the PC (see FlukeView Users Manual). 2 Open the document QREPORT.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Recording Harmonics over Time You can use the recording capabilities of FlukeView software to record harmonics over time. This allows you to analyze the behavior of your installation over an extended period of time. For example recording current harmonics over 24 hours will give insight in load variations on your system. 1 Setup the Fluke 43B for measuring current harmonics. 2 Connect the Fluke 43B to the PC (See FlukeView Users Manual). 3 Run FlukeView.
Handling Screens and Data Recording Harmonics over Time 6 6 Click Start to start recording the harmonics. FlukeView will display the actual reading and in the background all the readings are logged in memory. 7 Click this button to stop recording. 8 Click this button to save the recorded values in an ASCII file format (.CSV or .TXT). 9 You can now open the saved file using a spreadsheet program to analyze the saved data.
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Chapter 7 Definitions Active Power The Active Power (Watt) is that portion of electrical power that is real. It includes heat losses. Utility charges are based on Watts. Apparent Power Apparent Power (VA) is the product of the rms voltage and current which relates to the effective load seen by the transformer and current carrying conductors.
Fluke 43B Applications Manual Harmonic (component) A sinusoidal component of an ac voltage that is a multiple of the fundamental frequency. Harmonic Distortion Periodic distortion of the sine wave. The waveform becomes distorted when higher frequency components are added to the pure sine wave.
Definitions Nonlinear load 7 Nonlinear load Electrical loads in which the instantaneous current is not proportional to the instantaneous voltage. The load impedance varies with the voltage. Electronic loads, with diode/capacitor front-ends are nonlinear loads. Outage Long term power interruption, longer than 1 minute. Overvoltage The voltage is above its nominal value on a long term (longer than 10 cycles).
Fluke 43B Applications Manual The duration is usually from one cycle to a few seconds. Spike (see Transient) Surge (see see also Swell) The term surge is sometimes associated with lightning-related overvoltages. Swell A swell is a temporary voltage increase. The duration is usually from one cycle to a few seconds. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) THD is the amount of harmonics in a signal as a percentage of the total RMS value (THD-R) or as a percentage of the fundamental (THD-F).
Index —A— Active Power, 75 Adjustable Speed Drives, 51 Apparent Power, 75 AUTO, 1/2AUTO, 59 —B— Black out, 75 Brown out, 75 —C— Capacitance, Measuring, 13 Capacitive Loads, 75 CF, Crest Factor, 6 Continuity, Testing, 11 Conventions, 2 Cos ϕ (DPF), 75 Cos ϕ, Measuring, 33 Current and Voltage, Measuring, 8 Current Imbalance, 40 Current, Measuring, 7, 51 Cursors, 5, 26 —D— Deleting Screens, 68 Diodes, Testing, 14 Displacement Power Factor, 75 Displacement Power Factor, Measuring, 33 Documenting, 71 Downstr
Fluke 43 Applications Guide Oscilloscope, 55 Outage, 77 Overvoltage, 77 Saving Screens, 68 Scope Reading, 58 Screens Deleting, 68 Printing, 70 Saving, 70 Using in Word, 71 Viewing, 68 Spike, 78 Spikes, Detecting, 16 Surge Current, 76, 78 Surge Current, Measuring, 32 Swell, 78 —P— —T— PCC, 23, 77 Peak Current, 36, 46 Point Of Common Coupling, 23, 77 Positive Sequence Harmonics, 50 Power Active, 75 Apparent, 75 Reactive, 77 Real, 77 Single Phase, 33 True, 78 Power Factor, 77 Power Factor, Measuring, 47 P
