DSP-4000 Series CableAnalyzer Users Manual July 2001, Rev. 1, 5/03 © 2000-2003 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in USA. All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
LIMITED WARRANTY & LIMITATION OF LIABILITY Each Fluke Networks product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service. The warranty period is one year and begins on the date of purchase. Parts, accessories, product repairs and services are warranted for 90 days.
Table of Contents Chapter Page 1 Introduction ................................................................................................... Contacting Fluke Networks......................................................................................... Registration ................................................................................................................. Overview of Features ..................................................................................................
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 3 Setup..................................................................................................................... Print...................................................................................................................... Special Functions ................................................................................................. Turning On the Test Tool............................................................................................
Contents (continued) 4 Return Loss (RL) ................................................................................................. RL@REMOTE .................................................................................................... PSNEXT (Power Sum NEXT) and PSNEXT@REMOTE .................................. PSELFEXT (Power Sum ELFEXT) .................................................................... PSACR (Power Sum ACR) and PSACR@REMOTE .........................................
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Single Tests for Coaxial Cabling................................................................................. Running a Single Test on Coaxial Cabling .......................................................... Single Test Results for Coaxial Cabling .............................................................. Monitoring Network Activity...................................................................................... Identifying Hub Port Connections...................
Contents (continued) 8 Nominal Velocity of Propagation (NVP) .................................................................... NVP and Length Measurements .......................................................................... NVP Calibration................................................................................................... High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry (HDTDR)........................................... Reflections from Opens...............................................
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Power ................................................................................................................... Environmental Requirements ............................................................................... Electromagnetic Compatibility............................................................................. Input Ratings ........................................................................................................
List of Tables Table 2-1. 2-2. 2-3. 2-4. 2-5. 2-6. 2-7. 3-1. 3-2. 3-3. 3-4. 3-5. 3-6. 4-1. 4-2. 4-3. 4-4. 4-5. 4-6. 7-1. 8-1. 8-2. 8-3. 8-4. 8-5. 8-6. A-1. Title International Electrical Symbols ................................................................................. Key Functions for the Menu System ........................................................................... Quick Configuration Settings......................................................................................
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List of Figures Figure 1-1. 2-1. 2-2. 2-3. 2-4. 2-5. 2-6. 2-7. 2-8. 2-9. 2-10. 2-11. 2-12. 2-13. 3-1. 3-2. 3-3. 3-4. 3-5. 3-6. 3-7. 3-8. 3-9. 3-10. 3-11. 3-12. 3-13. 4-1. 4-2. 4-3. 4-4. 4-5. Title Standard Accessories................................................................................................... Attaching a Link Interface Adapter............................................................................. Inserting and Removing the Memory card ..........................................
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 4-6. 5-1. 6-1. 7-1. 7-2. 7-3. 7-4. 7-5. 7-6. 7-7. 7-8. 7-9. 7-10. 7-11. 7-12. 7-13. 7-14. 7-15. 8-1. 8-2. 8-3. 8-4. 8-5. 8-6. 8-7. 8-8. Typical Connections for Monitoring Impulse Noise ................................................... Connections for Printing Test Reports ........................................................................ Connections for Self-Calibration.................................................................................
Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 1 provides the following information: • Contact information for Fluke Networks • Features of the DSP-4000 Series test tools. • A list of equipment included with the test tool. • A guide to using this manual. Contacting Fluke Networks Visit the Fluke Networks web site at www.flukenetworks.com. . Send email to support@flukenetworks.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Registration Registering your product with Fluke Networks gives you access to valuable information on product updates, troubleshooting tips, and other support services. To register, fill out and return the postage-paid card provided, or fill out the online registration form on the Fluke Networks website. Overview of Features Note New features may be available with software upgrades. Visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.
Introduction Overview of Features • Sends stored test reports to a host computer or directly to a serial printer. • Includes a stored library of common test standards and cable types for copper and fiber installations. Flash EPROM accepts test standard and software upgrades. • Allows for configuration of custom test standards. • High-Definition Time Domain Crosstalk (HDTDX) analyzer locates the position of crosstalk problems in a link.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Standard Accessories A DSP-4000 Series test tool comes with the following accessories, which are shown in Figure 1-1. If the test tool is damaged or something is missing, contact the place of purchase immediately.
Introduction Standard Accessories RJ45 to BNC Adapter 1 DSP-4000 Series Manual CD LinkWare Software CD DSP-4000 Calibration Module TM DSP-LIA012 (2 with DSP-4000, DSP-4000PL and DSP-4100; 1 with DSP-4300) DSP-LIA011 (2 with DSP-4000 and DSP-4100) DSP-4000 Series Getting Started Guide Nickel-Metal Hydride (2) Battery Pack DSP-LIA013 (1 with DSP-4300) DSP-LIA101 (2 with DSP-4000PL and DSP-4300) RS-232 Cable DSP-4100/DSP-4300 Straps (2) Memory Card Headsets (2) or AC Adapter/Charger USB Memor
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Using This Manual Warning Before using the test tool, carefully read "Safety and Operational Information" at the beginning of Chapter 2. Except where noted, the information in this manual applies to all DSP-4000 Series test tools. If you are familiar with the general features, functions, and operation of LAN cable testers and want to start testing cables immediately, proceed as follows: 1.
Introduction Using This Manual 1 If you have never used a LAN cable tester and want to learn about cable testing and troubleshooting before you use the test tool, proceed as follows: 1. Read Chapter 7, “Basic Cable Testing,” to learn the basics of LAN cable characteristics, testing, and interpreting test results. 2. Read Chapter 2, “Getting Started”, to learn about the test tool’s features and how to prepare the test tool for use. 3.
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Chapter 2 Getting Started Chapter 2 provides the following information: • Safety and cautions to observe when using the test tool. • Instructions for getting started quickly with the test tool. • Detailed information on the test tool’s features. • Detailed instructions on configuring the test tool. Read First: Safety and Operational Information The international electrical symbols used on the instrument or in this manual are described in Table 2-1.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Warning To avoid possible fire, electric shock, personal injury, or damage to the test tool 2-2 • If this product is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the product may be impaired. • Use only the ac adapter/charger provided with the test tool (PN 106200 or 944223) to charge the battery or power the test tool. • Never connect the test tool to any telephony inputs, systems, or equipment, including ISDN.
Getting Started Read First: Safety and Operational Information 2 Caution To avoid disrupting network operation and to ensure maximum accuracy of test results • Except when monitoring network activity, never connect the test tool to an active network. Doing so may disrupt network operation. • Never attempt to insert any connector other than an RJ45 connector into the RJ45 jack. Inserting other connectors, such as RJ11 (telephone) connectors, can permanently damage the jack.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Quick Start This section is for users who want to start using the test tool immediately with minimal instruction. For suggestions on additional reading that may be helpful to you, see “Using this Manual” in Chapter 1. To get started with the optional Fiber Test Adapters, refer to the Fiber Test Adapter users manual. Note New features may be available with software upgrades. Visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.
Getting Started Quick Start 2 Using the Link Interface Adapters The link interface adapters provide the correct connectors and interface circuitry for testing different types of LAN cable. The adapters also allow for upgrades when new types of cable are developed. See “Link Interface Adapter Features” in this chapter for more details. If your test tool includes the DSP-LIA101 Permanent Link Adapters, see “Permanent Link Interface Adapters” in this chapter for important handling information.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual oy72f.eps Figure 2-1. Attaching a Link Interface Adapter Formatting the Memory Card (DSP-4100/4300) Autotest results you save on a DSP-4100 or DSP-4300 test tool are stored on a removable memory card. One 16 MB card is included with the test tool. Compatible cards of different capacities can also be used in the test tool. Figure 2-2 shows how to insert and remove the card. You do not need to turn the test tool off before inserting or removing the card.
Getting Started Quick Start 2 Inserting the card Removing the card Push button to eject card oy79f.eps Figure 2-2. Inserting and Removing the Memory card To see the status of the memory card, press the Memory softkey that appears on several of the Autotest displays or select Memory Card Configuration in the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode. Caution The test tool may not be able to read or store test results on a memory card that contains other types of data (such as music files).
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Quick Configuration The settings listed in Table 2-3 affect either the display format or the accuracy of your test results. Following the table are instructions for changing the settings. For a complete list of the test tool’s adjustable settings, refer to the later section “Setup.” Table 2-3. Quick Configuration Settings SETUP Setting 2-8 Description Test Standard and Cable Type Select the test standard and cable type you are using.
Getting Started Quick Start 2 To change any of the settings shown in Table 2-3, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 2. If the setting you want to change is not on the first Setup screen, press $ Page Down to see additional Setup screens. 3. Use D U to highlight the setting you want to change. 4. Press ! Choice. 5. Use D U to highlight the setting you want. 6. Press E to store the highlighted setting. 7. Repeat steps 2 through 6 to change additional settings.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling Autotest performs all of the tests necessary to determine if the cabling you are testing meets the test standards specified for your LAN installation. The following tests apply to twisted pair cabling: • Headroom report (The worst-case margin for a parameter determined by the selected standard. This may be NEXT, ACR, PSNEXT, or another measurement.
Getting Started Quick Start 2 1. Attach the appropriate link interface adapters to the main and remote units. Refer to the table in the Appendix. 2. Turn the remote’s rotary switch to ON. 3. Connect the remote to the far end of the cable link. For channel testing, connect using the network equipment patch cord. 4. Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to AUTOTEST. 5. Verify that the settings displayed are correct. You can change these settings in the SETUP mode. 6.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Telecommunications closet Work Area Horizontal cross-connect Transition outlet Wall outlet Horizontal cabling PC Test equipment cord Hub Test equipment cord Basic Link LIA Basic Link LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy68f.eps Figure 2-4.
Getting Started Quick Start Telecommunications closet 2 Work Area Horizontal cross-connect Transition outlet Wall outlet Horizontal cabling PC Patch cord from hub Hub Patch cord from PC Channel LIA Channel LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy03f.eps Figure 2-5.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Work Area Telecommunications closet Work Area Consolidation point (optional) Patch panel Horizontal cabling Permanent link adapter Telecommunications outlet PC Permanent link adapter TALK Test tool Remote oy84f.eps Figure 2-6.
Getting Started Quick Start 2 Using the Talk Mode The Talk mode allows two-way voice communication over twisted pair or fiber cable (Fiber Test Adapters are required for fiber cable). Two-way communication over twisted pair cable requires two good wire pairs. Note The Talk mode is disabled during cable tests. The DSP-LIA013 supports the Talk Mode only through the CABLE TEST jack. Use the Talk mode as follows: 1. Connect the main and remote units to the cable under test. 2.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Autotest on Coaxial Cabling The following tests are run during an Autotest on coaxial cabling: • • • • Impedance Resistance Length Anomaly detection (Results shown only if anomalies are detected.) To run an Autotest on coaxial cabling, refer to Figure 2-7 and proceed as follows: 1. Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cabling you are testing. 2. If you want the Autotest to report cable length, remove the terminator from the far end of the cabling. 3.
Getting Started Quick Start 2 PC PC 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PC 8 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 For Length Test, remove far-end Terminator Channel LIA BNC “T” Connector DSP-4000 1 CABLE ANALYZER 2 3 4 EXIT FAULT INFO TEST TALK ENTER SAVE MONITOR Test Tool SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST OFF SETUP PRINT SPECIAL FUNCTIONS oy04f.epc Figure 2-7.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Main Unit Features Figure 2-8 shows the features on the main unit and Table 2-4 explains their functions. DSP-4100/4300 Side Plate 17 18 12 DSP-4000 Side Plate 14 6 13 7 1 5 4 3 4 15 8 EXIT FAULT INFO 3 2 2 TEST TALK ENTER AUTO TEST OFF 16 SAVE 10 MONITOR SINGLE TEST 9 SETUP PRINT SPECIAL FUNCTIONS 11 1 oy05f.eps Figure 2-8.
Getting Started Main Unit Features 2 Table 2-4. Main Unit Features Item A B C Feature Rotary Switch T F Description Selects the test tool’s modes. Starts the highlighted test or restarts the test last run. Automatically provides more specific information on the cause of an Autotest failure. D E e !@ #$ F G Display L R U D H C Controls the display backlight. Pressing for 1 second allows adjustment of the display contrast. Reactivates the test tool when the tool is in power down mode.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 2-4. Main Unit Features (cont.) Item O 2-20 Feature AC power indicator Description LED off, unit turned off Battery is not charging. The charger is not plugged in. LED off, unit turned on Battery is not charging. The charger is not plugged in or the test tool is running a test. When the test is finished, charging resumes unless the battery is already charged (>80%). LED flashing red Fast charge pending. Charging is beginning.
Getting Started Remote Features 2 Remote Features Figure 2-9 shows the features on the remote unit, and Table 2-5 explains their functions. 5 2 1 PASS TESTING FAIL 3 6 7 TALKING LOW BATTERY 8 9 10 4 TALK 11 12 ON OFF oy06f.eps Figure 2-9.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 2-5. Remote Connectors and Features Item Feature Description 1 RS-232C serial port A DB9P connector for loading software updates. 2 2.5 mm phone jack Connection for the headset supplied with the test tool. 3 AC adapter/ charger jack Connection for the ac adapter/charger supplied with the test tool. 4 AC power indicator LED off, unit turned off Battery is not charging. The charger is not plugged in. LED off, unit turned on Battery is not charging.
Getting Started Link Interface Adapter Features 2 Link Interface Adapter Features . 2 1 3 DSP-LIA012 DSP-LIA011 4 DSP-LIA101 5 DSP-LIA013 6 oy71f.ep 1 2 3 4 5 6 DSP-LIA011 cable and plug Shielded Cat 5E twisted pair cable with a shielded Cat 5E RJ45 plug for testing basic link installations. DSP-LIA012 jack Shielded RJ45 jack for testing channel installations. Latch and 60-pin connector Latch and connector for attaching the LIA to a DSP-4000 Series test tool.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Permanent Link Interface Adapters (DSP-4000PL/4300) Caution To avoid damaging the adapter and to ensure maximum accuracy of test results, never pinch, kink, or crush the adapter’s cable. Never use the cable as a handle to pick up the DSP test tool. Follow the handling guidelines given in Figure 2-11. For the best accuracy, keep the adapter’s cable as straight as possible during testing.
Getting Started Link Interface Adapter Features 2 Changing the Personality Module (DSP-4000PL/4300) You can change the personality module to make the adapter compatible with a certain manufacturer’s jack. Visit the Fluke Networks website for the most recent list of available personality modules. Replace the module as follows (refer to Figure 2-12): 1. Ground yourself by touching a grounded, conductive surface. 2. Remove the link interface adapter from the DSP test tool. 3.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Strap and Bail The test tool and the remote have a strap and a bail. Figure 2-13 shows how to attach the strap and open the bail. oy07f.eps Figure 2-13. Attaching the Strap and Opening the Bail Rotary Switch The following paragraphs summarize the modes you can select with the rotary switch on the main unit. Off Turns the test tool off. Setup information and test results saved via the S key are stored in nonvolatile memory.
Getting Started Rotary Switch 2 Autotest Autotest is the most frequently used function in LAN cable testing. Autotest performs all of the tests necessary to qualify the cabling you are testing. When the Autotest is complete, the tests that were run are listed with the overall result for each test. You can also view detailed results for each test. Results from Autotests can be saved for printing or transmission to a host computer.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual • • • • • • • Attenuation: Measures the attenuation of each cable pair. DC Resistance: Measures the loop resistance of each cable pair. ACR: Calculates the ratio of attenuation to crosstalk for all combinations of cable pairs. RL (Return Loss): Measures signal loss due to signal reflections in the cabling. PSNEXT (Power Sum NEXT): For each cable pair, PSNEXT is calculated as the sum of the NEXT from all other pairs.
Getting Started Rotary Switch 2 Monitor The MONITOR mode lets you continuously monitor impulse noise on twisted pair network cabling. With the DSP-LIA013 link interface adapter, you can monitor network activity on Ethernet systems. Network activity is monitored for collisions, jabber, and percentage of system utilization.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual • Select a frequency for the power line noise filter. • Set the fault threshold for the impulse noise test. • Enable or disable the test tool’s beeper. • Modify test standards for custom test configurations. • Select a remote end configuration when a Fiber Test Adapter is attached. Print Allows you to send saved reports or report summaries to a serial printer. You can print the results from previously stored Autotests.
Getting Started Turning On the Test Tool 2 Turning On the Test Tool To turn on the test tool, turn the rotary switch from OFF to any one of the available modes. The power-up screen, which appears for about 3 seconds, shows the software, hardware, and test standards versions for the main and remote units. (The remote information is shown only if the remote is on and connected to the main unit.) For a longer look at the power-up screen, hold down any key while turning the test tool on.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Performing a Self-Test The self-test verifies that the test tool, link interface adapters, and remote are operating properly. To run the self-test, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. Turn the remote on. 2. Use D to highlight Self Test. 3. Press E. 4. Use the DSP-4000 Calibration Module to connect the test tool to the remote. 5. Press T to start the self-test. 6.
Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool 2 Noise Test The test tool periodically checks for excessive electrical noise on the cabling under test. Noise sources include nearby electrical equipment and transmitters and live network transmissions on adjacent cables. If excessive noise is detected, the test tool displays Noise Detected and automatically attempts to filter the noise to meet published accuracy specifications.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual When the backlight time-out is enabled, the backlight timer starts counting down after all tests are complete or after the last key entry or movement of the rotary switch. To restart the backlight timer while the backlight is on, press any key (except the backlight key) or turn the rotary switch to a new mode. Adjusting the Display Contrast To adjust the display contrast, hold down C for 1 second or longer. The following message appears: USE D U KEYS TO ADJUST CONTRAST.
Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool 2 Selecting a Test Standard and Cable Type The test standard and cable type you select determine which standards are used and which tests are run during cable testing. The test tool is equipped with information for all the common test standards and cable types. Several of the test standards for twisted pair cable are defined for both a channel and a permanent link configuration.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Editing the Report Identification The report identification includes a custom header (your company name, for example), an operator name, and a site name. These items appear on saved Autotest reports. You can view and edit this information as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 2. Use D to highlight Edit under Report Identification; then press E. The REPORT IDENTIFICATION display shows the information that will appear on the Autotest reports you save. 3.
Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool 2 Setting Up Cable IDs The cable identification (cable ID) is the name you assign to the Autotest results you save. You can create a cable ID each time you save an Autotest, or you can use IDs generated as follows: • The auto increment function generates IDs by incrementing the last alphanumeric character in the cable ID. • The auto sequence function generates IDs by incrementing characters through a range of values defined by a start and end ID.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Determining a Range of Cable IDs for the Auto Sequence Function Use the following guidelines when determining a range of cable IDs to use with the auto sequence function. • Cable IDs can contain a maximum of 18 letters, numbers, and special characters (such as -, #, and spaces). Accented characters are not available. • The types of characters used in each position must match between the range’s start and end ID.
Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool 2 Enabling and Configuring the Auto Sequence Function 1. Determine the range of cable names you want to use for your Autotests. (Refer to the previous section.) 2. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 3. Use D to highlight the auto increment setting; then press ! Choice. 4. Use D U to highlight Sequence; then press ! Edit ID Seq. 5. Use ! to select the Start ID or End ID field for editing. 6.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Viewing the Cable ID Configuration and Memory Status To see the cable ID configuration (if one is enabled), the number of Autotests saved in memory, and the available memory, press the Memory softkey that appears on several of the Autotest displays. On a DSP-4100 or DSP-4300 you can see the memory card status by selecting Memory Card Configuration in the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode. Model DSP-4300 shows the status of the internal memory if no memory card is present.
Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool 2 Selecting a Numeric Format The test tool displays decimal fractions with a decimal point separator (0.00) or a comma separator (0,00). To change the numeric format, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 2. Press $ Page Down until you see the numeric format setting. 3. Use D to highlight the numeric format. 4. Press ! Choice. 5. Use D U to highlight the desired format. 6. Press E to accept the highlighted format.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Setting the Power-Down Timer To extend battery life, you can set the power-down timer to automatically switch the test tool to a low-power mode after a selected period of inactivity. You can also disable the power-down timer. When the test tool switches to low-power mode, the display goes blank. To reactivate the display, press C. The test tool turns itself off if not used for 30 minutes after power-down.
Getting Started Remote Lights, Messages, and Audible Tones 2 Remote Lights, Messages, and Audible Tones The remote indicates various states by flashing light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and emitting audible tones, as described in Table 2-6. Table 2-6. Status Indications from the Remote Status Remote Indications Power on self-test passed. The unit beeps and all LEDs flash in sequence. Power on self-test failed. The unit beeps and the fail LED flashes continuously. Main unit is running a test.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Battery Status The test tool displays a message when its battery voltage or the remote battery voltage is low. Table 2-7 shows the battery status messages and what you should do if a battery message appears. When you turn on the remote, the LEDs briefly indicate the battery charge level. All five LEDs light up if the battery is fully charged; fewer indicate partial charge. DSP-4300 test tools show the battery status on the Autotest display.
Getting Started Battery Status Display 2 Battery Status Display To see the charge level of the main unit’s NiMH battery, turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS; then select Battery Status. To see the charge level of the remote’s battery, connect the remote to the main unit; then use ! to toggle the display. Conditioning the Battery The battery status is more accurate when the battery is properly conditioned. The test tool includes a battery conditioning feature.
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Chapter 3 Autotest Chapter 3 provides the following information: • • • Instructions and test result descriptions for an Autotest on twisted pair cabling. Instructions and test result descriptions for an Autotest on coaxial cabling. Instructions for saving Autotest results. Autotest Softkeys Note New features may be available with software upgrades. Visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com or contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on upgrades.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling The procedures for an Autotest on shielded and unshielded twisted pair cabling are the same. The test tool tests shield continuity if shielded cable was selected and the shield test enabled when the cable type was selected in SETUP. To run the Autotest on twisted pair cabling, refer to Figures 3-1 through 3-3 and proceed as follows: 1. Attach the appropriate link interface adapters to the main and remote units.
Autotest Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling Telecommunications closet 3 Work Area Horizontal cross-connect Transition outlet Wall outlet Horizontal cabling PC Test equipment cord Hub Test equipment cord Basic Link LIA Basic Link LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy68f.eps Figure 3-1.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Telecommunications closet Work Area Horizontal cross-connect Transition outlet Wall outlet Horizontal cabling PC Patch cord from hub Hub Patch cord from PC Channel LIA Channel LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy03f.eps Figure 3-2.
Autotest Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling 3 Work Area Telecommunications closet Work Area Consolidation point (optional) Patch panel Horizontal cabling Permanent link adapter Telecommunications outlet PC Permanent link adapter TALK Test tool Remote oy84f.eps Figure 3-3.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Link Performance Grade Result (Headroom) When an Autotest is complete, the display shows the overall result (pass or fail) and the headroom value. Headroom is the smallest difference found between the NEXT measurements and their limits. This number serves as a figure of merit that reflects the overall performance of the link. Larger headroom values correspond to better cabling performance.
Autotest Automatic Diagnostics 3 Automatic Diagnostics If an Autotest fails, you can press F to see more specific information on the cause of the failure. Figure 3-4 shows examples of automatic diagnostics displays for a NEXT failure and an open pin failure. The arrow in the diagram at the top of the display shows the location of the failure. The bottom half of the display describes the failure and suggests ways to fix the fault.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling To see detailed results from a test, press ! View Result, use D U to highlight the test on the main Autotest menu; then press E. Note The tests run during an Autotest on twisted pair cabling depend on the test standard selected. Tests not applicable to the selected test standard are not run or displayed. For a list of the tests and limits associated with common test standards, visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com.
Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling 3 Table 3-1. Wire Map Displays (continued) Wire Map Condition Display (only affected pairs shown) Description Crossed wires A wire in the 1,2 pair is crossed with a wire in the 3,6 pair. Wiring does not form a recognizable circuit. Reversed pairs Wires 1 and 2 are crossed. Crossed pairs Pairs 1,2 and 3,6 are crossed. Short Wires 1 and 3 are shorted. You can use the HDTDR test to locate the short. Open Wire 1 is open near the main unit.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Resistance The resistance test measures the dc loop resistance for each cable pair. The resistance results screen displays the resistance, limit, and pass/fail result for each cable pair. A PASS result means that the measured resistance is less than the limit. A FAIL result means that the measured resistance exceeds the limit. Length The length test measures the length of each cable pair tested.
Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling 3 Propagation Delay and Delay Skew Propagation delays are the times taken in nanoseconds for a test pulse to travel the length of each cable pair. Delay skews are the differences in propagation delays between the shortest delay, which is displayed as 0 ns, and the delays of the other cable pairs. The propagation delay and delay skew results show a limit if the test is required by the selected test standard.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Attenuation (Insertion Loss) The attenuation test measures the loss of signal strength over the length of the cabling. The first attenuation results screen shows the cable pairs tested, the worst-case attenuation margin found, and a PASS or FAIL result for each pair. To see detailed results for the cable pairs, use D U to highlight a cable pair, then press @ View Result. Table 3-2 describes the items on the attenuation results screen. Table 3-2.
Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling 3 Pressing # View Plot produces the attenuation plot screen. Figure 3-5 describes an example of the screen. 1 6 2 5 4 3 oy10c.eps 1 The cable pair relevant to the plot. 2 Frequency range in MHz. Use U D to switch between frequency scales. To switch to the next lowest or highest range, use L R to move the cursor beyond the left or right side of the plot. 3 The attenuation level, frequency, and margin at the cursor’s position.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual NEXT Test The NEXT test measures the crosstalk between cable pairs at the near end of the cabling. This crosstalk value is expressed as the difference in amplitude (in dB) between the test signal and the crosstalk signal. NEXT is measured from both ends of the cabling over a frequency range defined by the selected test standard. The first NEXT screen displays the cable pairs tested, the worst-case NEXT margin, and the test result for each set of pairs.
Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling 3 Pressing # View Plot produces the NEXT plot screen. Figure 3-6 describes an example of the screen. 1 6 2 5 4 3 oy11c.eps 1 The cable pairs relevant to the plot. 2 Frequency range in MHz. Use U D to switch between scales. To switch to the next lowest or highest range, use L R to move the cursor beyond the left or right side of the plot. 3 The NEXT level, frequency, and margin at the cursor’s position.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual NEXT@REMOTE The NEXT@REMOTE test and its results are identical to the NEXT test described above, except that the NEXT@REMOTE measurements are taken from the remote end of the cabling. ELFEXT Test The ELFEXT (equal level far-end crosstalk) test calculates the ratio of FEXT to attenuation for each cable pair.
Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling 3 Table 3-4. Items on the ELFEXT Results Screen Item Description Pairs The pairs used in calculating the ELFEXT result. The pair not listed as the Atten. Pair produced the FEXT used in the ELFEXT calculation Atten. Pair The pair that produced the attenuation value used in the ELFEXT calculation. Result The overall result for the ELFEXT test.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Pressing # View Plot produces the ELFEXT plot screen. Figure 3-7 describes an example of the screen. 1 6 2 5 4 3 oy76c.eps 1 The cable pairs relevant to the plot. 2 Frequency range in MHz. Use U D to switch between scales. To switch to the next lowest or highest range, use L R to move the cursor beyond the left or right side of the plot. 3 The ELFEXT level, frequency, and margin at the cursor’s position.
Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling 3 ACR The ACR test calculates the ratio of attenuation to crosstalk (ACR) for each combination of cable pairs. ACR is expressed as the difference (in dB) between the measured NEXT and attenuation values. ACR is calculated using values obtained from the NEXT and attenuation tests.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Pressing # View Plot produces the ACR plot screen. Figure 3-8 describes an example of the screen. 1 6 2 5 4 3 oy12c.eps 1 The cable pairs relevant to the plot. 2 Frequency range in MHz of the ACR test. Use U D to change the frequency scale. 3 The ACR level, frequency, and margin at the cursor’s position. The cursor aligns to the frequency that produced the worst margin. Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor’s position.
Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling 3 ACR@REMOTE The ACR@REMOTE test is identical to the ACR test, except that the ACR values are calculated using NEXT@REMOTE values. Return Loss (RL) The RL test measures the difference between a test signal’s amplitude and the amplitude of signal reflections returned by the cabling. The results of the RL test indicate how well the cable’s characteristic impedance matches its rated impedance over a range of frequencies.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Pressing # View Plot produces the RL plot screen. Figure 3-9 describes an example of the screen. 1 6 5 2 4 3 oy13c.eps 1 The cable pair relevant to the plot. 2 Frequency range in MHz of the RL test. Use U D to change the frequency scale. 3 The RL level, frequency, and margin at the cursor’s position. The cursor aligns to the frequency that produced the worst margin. Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor’s position.
Autotest Autotest on Coaxial Cabling 3 RL@REMOTE The RL@REMOTE test is identical to the RL test, except that the RL values are measured from the remote end of the cabling. PSNEXT (Power Sum NEXT) and PSNEXT@REMOTE The PSNEXT results show how much each cable pair is affected by the combined NEXT from the other pairs. PSNEXT is expressed as the difference in amplitude (in dB) between the crosstalk received on a cable pair and a test signal transmitted on the other pairs.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual PC PC 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PC 8 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 For Length Test, remove far-end Terminator Channel LIA BNC “T” Connector DSP-4000 1 CABLE ANALYZER 2 3 4 EXIT FAULT INFO TEST TALK ENTER SAVE MONITOR Test Tool SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST OFF SETUP PRINT SPECIAL FUNCTIONS oy04f.eps Figure 3-10.
Autotest Autotest Results for Coaxial Cabling 3 1. Attach a channel link interface adapter to the main unit. 2. Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cabling you are testing. 3. If you want the Autotest to report cabling length, remove the terminator from the far end of the cabling. 4. Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST. 5. Verify that the test standard and cable type displayed are correct. You can change these settings in the SETUP mode. 6. Remove the terminator from the near end of the coaxial cabling.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Resistance The resistance test measures the loop resistance of the cabling and the terminator. If a terminator is not connected or if the cabling is open, the resistance value is reported as OPEN. If the cabling or the terminator is shorted, the resistance value is reported as near 0 Ω. Resistance values over 400 Ω are reported as OPEN.
Autotest Saving Autotest Results 3 Saving Autotest Results A DSP-4000 test tool can store the results of 500 or more Autotests, depending on the test standard used. The test tool stores worst-case margins and worst-case values for most frequency-dependant tests. A DSP-4100 or DSP-4300 test tool with STORE PLOT DATA enabled can store at least 250 Autotests in graphical format on a 16 MB memory card, depending on the standard used.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual A warning screen appears if you try to save a test report with the same name as a previously saved report. On a DSP-4000 test tool, pressing S saves the new report with the duplicate name, but with the current date and time. The DSP-4100 and DSP-4300 test tools do not let you save reports with duplicate IDs. On any model, pressing $ Edit I.D. or e lets you change the report’s name. 1 2 4 3 7 5 6 oy15c.
Autotest Saving Autotest Results 3 Saving Results with Auto Sequence Enabled The following steps assume you have already enabled the auto sequence function and entered a start ID and end ID, which define the range of cable IDs available. See “Setting Up Cable IDs” in Chapter 2 for details. 1. If you want to check or edit the custom header, operator name, or site name to be saved with your results, turn the rotary switch to SETUP; then select REPORT IDENTIFICATION.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual If you try to save an Autotest after the last ID in the range has been used, the list of saved reports shows that no IDs are available (all are marked with a “$”). To save additional results, set up a new range of IDs in SETUP, or use the ! Edit or @ New softkey as described above to create a new ID for each additional Autotest. Saving Results with Downloaded Cable IDs (DSP-4300) You can select a downloaded list as the source for cable IDs from the auto increment menu in SETUP.
Autotest Saving Autotest Results 3 If Memory is Full If the Autotest results you save fill the last available memory location, the following message appears: WARNING! TEST RESULT MEMORY IS NOW FULL. If you try to save additional test results after the memory has been filled, the following message appears: UNABLE TO SAVE TEST RESULTS. MEMORY IS FULL.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual The Autotest Report With LinkWare software you can upload reports to a PC for viewing and printing. Figures 3-12 and 3-13 show examples of reports generated with LinkWare software. You can send Autotest reports directly to a serial printer or edit the report’s identification information in the PRINT mode. See Chapter 5, “Viewing and Printing Saved Reports,” for complete instructions. The overall result printed on a report can be a pass or fail, or warning.
Autotest The Autotest Report 3 oy82f.bmp Figure 3-12.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Test Summary: PASS Cable ID: ROOM123, PORT B Headroom: 7.3 dB (NEXT 12-36) Site: ABC BANK Date / Time: 08/09/2000 09:06:17am Test Standard: TIA Cat 6 Basic Link Cable Type: UTP 100 Ohm Cat 6 FLUKE DSP-4100 S/N: 1234567 LIA081 FLUKE DSP-4100SR S/N: 0000001 LIA081 Operator: JOHN DOE Standards Version: 4.06 Software Version: 4.06 NVP: 69.0% Fault Anomaly Threshold: 15% Shield Test: N/A 1 2 3 45 6 78S | | || | | || 12345678 Wire Map PASS Length (ft), Limit 308 [Pair 12] Prop.
Chapter 4 Running Individual Tests Chapter 4 provides the following information: • • • • • Instructions for running Single Tests on twisted pair cabling. Descriptions of the test results produced by the HDTDX analyzer and HDTDR test. Instructions for running Single Tests on coaxial cabling. Instructions for using the tests available in the MONITOR mode. Instructions for using the tone generator.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Scanning Function The Single Test versions of the wire map, resistance, HDTDR, and HDTDX analyzer tests include a scanning function, which you can activate by pressing the # Scanning ON softkey. The scanning function runs the test repeatedly and updates the display each time a test is complete. This function is useful for finding intermittent problems on a cable. Note To extend battery life, connect the ac adapter/charger when using the scanning function for more than 1 minute.
Running Individual Tests When to Use a Remote Unit 4 Table 4-1. Remote Requirements for Cable Tests Test Remote Unit Autotest Required. Wire Map Required. NEXT, NEXT@REMOTE Recommended for NEXT; required for NEXT@REMOTE. ELFEXT Required. Test available only in Autotest mode. Length Optional. Without a remote, the limit and pass/fail result are not shown. Impedance Optional. Attenuation Required. Resistance Optional.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Running a Single Test on Twisted Pair Cabling To run a test as a Single Test, refer to Figure 4-1 and proceed as follows: Note For instructions on running the HDTDR test or HDTDX analyzer, see the later sections on those topics in this chapter. 1. Attach the appropriate link interface adapters to the main and remote units. Refer to the table in the Appendix. 2. Turn on the remote unit. 3. Connect the remote to the far end of the cable link.
Running Individual Tests Running a Single Test on Twisted Pair Cabling Telecommunications closet 4 Work Area Horizontal cross-connect Transition outlet Wall outlet Horizontal cabling PC Patch cord from hub Hub Patch cord from PC Channel LIA Channel LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy08f.eps Figure 4-1.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual The HDTDX Analyzer The HDTDX (High-Definition Time Domain Crosstalk) analyzer displays the locations where crosstalk occurs on the cabling under test. The HDTDX test uses very short (2 ns) test pulses, which help the test tool resolve smaller crosstalk problems, resulting in more accurate distance-to-fault measurements and better definition of faults on plots. The test is run from both ends of the cabling to help you identify crosstalk sources across the entire link length.
Running Individual Tests The HDTDX Analyzer 4 If the test tool does not detect a remote, the following message appears: NO REMOTE DETECTED. HDTDX Analyzer Results When the HDTDX analyzer test is complete, the HDTDX analyzer results screen appears. Table 4-2 describes the items on the analyzer screen. Table 4-2. Items on the HDTDX Analyzer Results Screen Item Description Pairs The cable pairs relevant to the results. Peak The highest magnitude of crosstalk measured on the cable pair.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual HDTDX Analyzer Plot To view a HDTDX analyzer plot for a set of cable pairs, use D U to highlight the pairs, then press # View Plot to see the plot screen for the pairs. Figure 4-2 describes an example of a HDTDX analyzer plot. 1 2 3 4 5 oy20c.eps 1 2 3 4 5 The cable pairs relevant to the results. The distance along the cable under test. The 0 at the left of the scale represents the location of the main test tool. Magnitude of crosstalk on the cable pair.
Running Individual Tests The HDTDR Test 4 The HDTDR Test The HDTDR (High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry) test helps you locate sources of return loss on cabling by reporting the locations of signal reflections caused by impedance anomalies. The test is run from both ends of the cabling (if the remote is used) for improved visibility of far-end anomalies. The test locates anomalies caused by problems such as shorts, opens, poor connections, and mismatches in cable types.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 4-3. Effects of Termination on HDTDR Results Cable Type and Termination 4-10 Listed Results Show the Following Plotted Results Show the Following Twisted pair with no remote Displays the message No Remote Detected. Results show the two largest reflections greater than or equal to 15%. The largest reflection probably comes from the end of the cable, but is not identified as the end. All reflections are shown.
Running Individual Tests The HDTDR Test 4 Running the HDTDR Test on Twisted Pair Cabling To run the HDTDR test on twisted pair cabling, proceed as follows: 1. Disconnect any PCs from the link you are testing. 2. Attach twisted pair link interface adapters to the main and remote units. 3. If you are testing with a remote, turn on the remote; then connect the remote to the far end of the cable link. 4. Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to SINGLE TEST. 5.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual HDTDR Results Screen When the HDTDR test is complete, the HDTDR results screen appears. Table 4-4 describes the items on the screen. Table 4-4. Items on an HDTDR Results Screen (Twisted Pair Results) Item Description Pair The cable pair relevant to the results. Not shown for coaxial cable results. Distance The first distance is the measured distance from the test tool to the end of the cable.
Running Individual Tests The HDTDR Test 4 1 4 2 3 5 6 7 8 oy21c.eps 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The cable pair relevant to the results. The peak value as reported on the results screen. The distance along the cabling under test. The 0 at the left of the scale represents the location of the main test tool. The distance to the end of the cabling as reported on the results screen. The percentage of reflected signal relative to the size of the HDTDR test signal.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cabling The Single Test results for twisted pair cabling are identical to those displayed by an Autotest, with exceptions noted in the following paragraphs. Tests not required by the selected test standard produce a Warning result when measured values exceed the test’s limits. Wire Map Wire map results are identical to the Autotest version. See “Wire Map” in Chapter 3 for details.
Running Individual Tests Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cabling 4 Impedance The impedance test and results are identical to the Autotest version. See “Impedance” in Chapter 3 for details. Attenuation (Insertion Loss) The attenuation test and results are identical to the Autotest version. See “Attenuation” in Chapter 3 for details. Resistance If a remote is connected, the results displayed are identical to the display in Autotest. See “Resistance” in Chapter 3 for details.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Single Tests for Coaxial Cabling The Single Test mode on the rotary switch allows individual execution of the coaxial cabling tests available in the Autotest mode. The HDTDR test is also available as a Single Test for coaxial cabling. The coaxial cable tests available as Single Tests produce results displayed in the same format as displayed in the Autotest mode.
Running Individual Tests Single Tests for Coaxial Cabling 4 PC PC 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PC 8 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 For Length Test, remove far-end Terminator Channel LIA BNC “T” Connector DSP-4000 1 CABLE ANALYZER 2 3 4 EXIT FAULT INFO TEST TALK ENTER SAVE MONITOR Test Tool SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST OFF SETUP PRINT SPECIAL FUNCTIONS oy22f.eps Figure 4-4.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Single Test Results for Coaxial Cabling The Single Test results for coaxial cabling are identical to those displayed by an Autotest, with exceptions noted as follows. Impedance Identical to Autotest version. See “Impedance” in Chapter 3 for details. Resistance Identical to Autotest version. See “Resistance” in Chapter 3 for details. The Single Test version of the resistance test includes the scanning function. Length Identical to Autotest version.
Running Individual Tests Monitoring Network Activity 4 Monitoring Network Activity Note Monitoring network activity requires the DSP-LIA013 adapter. The MONITOR mode on the rotary switch lets you monitor Ethernet traffic for collisions, jabber, peak traffic, and percentage of network utilization. You can monitor traffic on 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX twisted pair cabling. This feature lets you identify active cabling and provides some information on network activity.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Notes To extend battery life, use the ac adapter/charger when monitoring network traffic for extended periods. While monitoring network traffic, the test tool’s automatic power-down function is disabled. The Monitor jack does not support the Talk mode. 1. Attach a traffic link interface adapter (such as the DSP-LIA013) to the test tool. 2. Turn the rotary switch to MONITOR. 3. Use D to highlight 10/100BASE-TX Traffic. 4.
Running Individual Tests Monitoring Network Activity 4 Table 4-5. Items on the Traffic Monitor Screen Item Description Utilization Last 1 second Percentage of the network’s transmission bandwidth used over the last 1 second. Utilization includes correct frames, collisions, and jabber. The percentage indicates the current traffic density. Utilization Average The average of all the 1-second utilization percentages since the start of the test.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Identifying Hub Port Connections The hub port locator helps you determine which port a cable is connected to at a hub. The locator sends a link pulse to the hub, causing the port’s LED to blink. To identify a hub port connection, proceed as follows: 1. Attach a traffic link interface adapter (such the DSP-LIA013) to the test tool. 2. Turn the rotary switch to MONITOR. 3. Use D to highlight the hub port locator selection; then press E. 4.
Running Individual Tests Monitoring Impulse Noise 4 Changing the Impulse Noise Threshold You can set the impulse noise threshold to a value from 10 mV to 500 mV in increments of 10 mV. The default noise threshold value is 270 mV. To change the noise threshold, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 2. Use $ Page Down and D to find and highlight the impulse noise threshold setting. 3. Press ! Choice. 4. Use # DEC or $ INC to change the threshold. 5. Press E to store the threshold setting.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual RJ45 Jack Wall Outlet DSP-4000 CABLE ANALYZER Patch Panel DSP-4000 1 2 3 Test Tool FAULT INFO TEST PASS TESTING TALK ENTER FAIL SAVE TALKING MONITOR SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST OFF SMART REMOTE 4 EXIT SETUP LOW BATTERY PRINT SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Smart Remote TALK ON OFF oy24f.eps Figure 4-6.
Running Individual Tests Monitoring Impulse Noise 4 Noise Test Results As the noise test runs, the displayed test results are updated every second after the first 10-second sample period. Table 4-6 describes the items on the screen. Table 4-6. Items on the Noise Monitor Screen Item Description Impulse Noise Threshold The minimum level of noise that is considered to be a noise hit. The default threshold is 270 mV.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Determining Hub Port Capabilities This test determines if a hub supports the following standards: • • • • • • Auto-Negotiation 10BASE-T 100BASE-TX 100BASE-T4 100BASE-TX Full Duplex 10BASE-T Full Duplex To determine hub port capabilities, proceed as follows: 1. Attach a traffic link interface adapter (such the optional DSP-LIA013) to the test tool. 2. Use a patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the network connection to the test tool’s Monitor jack. 3.
Chapter 5 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports Chapter 5 provides the following information: • • Instructions for viewing, deleting, and renaming test reports saved in the test tool’s memory. Instructions for sending saved test reports to a serial printer. Viewing, Renaming, and Deleting Test Reports To view test reports, delete test reports, or rename the cable identification given on a saved report, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. 2.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Note for Models DSP-4100/4300 You cannot view results saved on a memory card if they were created using a different test standards version than is present in the test tool. To view these results, use LinkWare software to upload them to a PC. To change the cable identification, press the @ Rename Report softkey that appears after you press View Result twice. Use the softkeys to edit the cable identification. Press S when you are done.
Viewing and Printing Saved Reports Printing Test Reports 5 Configuring the Serial Port Before you send a report to a printer, set the test tool’s serial port settings to match the printer’s serial port settings. The serial port settings include baud rate, flow control, and printer type. For the type of printer, you can select Hewlett-Packard, Epson, or Text Only.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Printing To send a report through the test tool’s serial port directly to a serial printer, refer to Figure 5-1 and proceed as follows: Test Tool oy25f.eps Figure 5-1. Connections for Printing Test Reports 1. Remove any cables connected to the connectors at the top of the test tool. 2. Configure the test tool’s serial port, as described in the previous section. 3. Use an appropriate cable to connect the test tool to the printer. 4. Turn the rotary switch to PRINT. 5.
Viewing and Printing Saved Reports Printing Test Reports • 5 Selected Autotest Reports: Displays the SELECT AUTOTEST REPORTS screen where you can select the reports you want to print, as follows: 1. Use # Page Up, $ Page Down, and D U to highlight a report label. 2. Press E to select the highlighted report. An asterisk appears on the label to show that the report is selected for printing. To select several consecutive reports, hold down E. To remove an asterisk, highlight the report label; then press E.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual If the Printer Does Not Respond If the printer does not respond correctly to the test tool, the message Serial Port Error appears. In this case, check the following: Verify that the printer is online. • Verify that the baud rate and flow control settings are the same for the test tool and the printer. • Verify that the printer type in SETUP matches the type of printer connected to the test tool.
Chapter 6 Calibrations and Custom Test Standards Chapter 6 provides the following information: • Instructions for calibrating the test tool. • Instructions for determining a cable’s NVP value. • Instructions for defining a custom test standard. Calibrating the Test Tool Before shipment, each test tool is calibrated to work with the remote unit shipped in the same package.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual ON OFF To recalibrate the test tool, refer to Figure 6-1 and proceed as follows: ON OFF TALK TALKING LOW BATTERY TESTING FAIL DSP-4000 4 TALK SAVE SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS PRINT CABLE ANALYZER 3 PASS DSP-4000 2 ENTER MONITOR SMART REMOTE 1 EXIT FAULT INFO SINGLE TEST TEST AUTO TEST OFF Calibration Module Test Tool Smart Remote oy77f.eps Figure 6-1. Connections for Self-Calibration 1. Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. 2.
Calibrations and Custom Test Standards Calibrating the Permanent Link Adapters 6 Calibrating the Permanent Link Adapters The optional DSP-PLCAL automated calibration kit lets you calibrate your permanent link adapters to meet enhanced accuracy specifications. Calibration compensates for physical changes that occur over time to the adapter’s cable and other components. Regular calibration helps eliminate false fail results and helps ensure that test results represent the link’s actual performance.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 9. When the displayed length matches the known length of the cable, press S to store the new NVP value and return to the main Special Functions menu. To exit the screen without saving the new NVP value, press e. If the message CABLE FAULT DETECTED appears, verify that the selected cable type is correct, check the cable for proper pin connections, or calibrate with a different cable.
Calibrations and Custom Test Standards Configuring a Custom Test 6 During the configuration process, you can abandon the changes you have made by pressing ! Abort. To reset a parameter back to the default value, highlight the parameter; then press @ Set to Default. To reset all of the parameters back to default values, highlight the test standard on Page 1 of the configuration screens; then press E. Use U D to select the desired default standard; then press E.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 6-6
Chapter 7 Basic Cabling Testing Chapter 7 provides the following information: • A description of LAN cable construction • A description of channel, basic link, and permanent link configurations • Explanations of LAN cable tests • Explanations of the HDTDX and HDTDR analyzer tests and plots • Basic troubleshooting procedures for LAN cable. LAN Cable Construction LAN cables have a number of characteristics in common with other types of electrical cables.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Cables are designed to perform best in specific applications. For example, power cables are designed to minimize power losses at frequencies of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. LAN cables are designed to minimize signal distortion at higher frequencies. Two types of cables are designed for use with LAN systems: twisted pair cable and coaxial cable. Twisted Pair Cable Twisted pair cable consists of wire pairs that are twisted together, as shown in Figure 7-1.
Basic Cabling Testing LAN Cable Construction 7 Figure 7-2 shows the pin connections and wire colors for correct wiring to TIA 568A and 568B standards. 568A Pin 1 WG Pin 2 G Pin 3 WO Pin 4 BL Pair 3 Pin 5 WBL Pin 6 O Pin 7 WBR Pin 8 BR Pair 4 Pair 1 Pair 2 568B Pin 1 WO Pin 2 O Pair 2 Pin 3 WG Pin 4 BL Pin 5 WBL Pin 6 G Pair 1 Pin 7 WBR Pin 8 BR Pair 4 Pair 3 oy28f.eps Figure 7-2.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Coaxial Cable Coaxial cable consists of a conductor surrounded first by an insulating material, then by a braided conductive sheath, as shown in Figure 7-3. In LAN applications, the sheath is electrically grounded and serves as a shield that protects the inner conductor from electrical noise. The shield also helps eliminate signal loss by keeping the transmitted signal confined to cable.
Basic Cabling Testing Basic Link Connections 7 Basic Link Connections The cable links you test may or may not include equipment patch cables and extra transition connections in the telecommunications closet and work area. For example, cable installers are often responsible only for the permanent cabling installed between the closet and the first wall outlet in the work area. This segment of cabling was originally defined in TSB-67 as the basic link, shown in Figure 7-4.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Channel Connections A channel includes the transition connectors and equipment patch cables added to a basic link segment. The channel should be tested from end to end to verify the performance of all the components. In this case, you use the equipment patch cables to connect your test tool to the channel, as shown in Figure 7-5. TSB-67 defines the channel as a basic link plus one extra transition connector at each end and up to 10 meters of equipment patch cables.
Basic Cabling Testing Permanent Link Connections 7 Permanent Link Connections Permanent link test connections are similar to basic link connections, except that the effects of the test equipment’s patch cables are excluded from the test results. When compared to the basic link and channel, this test configuration provides the most accurate characterization of the permanently installed section of the cabling.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Attenuation (Insertion Loss) Attenuation is a decrease in signal strength over the length of a cable, as shown in Figure 7-7. Cable Signal Source Signal Receiver Loss VIN VOUT oy30f.eps Figure 7-7. Attenuation of a Signal Attenuation is caused by a loss of electrical energy in the resistance of the cable wire and by leakage of energy through the cable’s insulating material. This loss of energy is expressed in decibels.
Basic Cabling Testing Noise 7 Noise Electrical noise is unwanted electrical signals that alter the shape of the signals transmitted on a LAN cabling. Figure 7-8 shows an example of how noise affects the shape of an electrical signal known as a sine wave. Signals that are severely distorted by noise can cause communication errors in a LAN. OUT IN oy31f.eps Figure 7-8. Sources of Electrical Noise Electrical noise is generated by any device that uses or generates voltages that vary over time.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual LAN cables act as antennas that can pick up noise from fluorescent lights, electric motors, electric heaters, photocopiers, refrigerators, elevators, and other electronic devices. Coaxial cable is far less susceptible to noise than twisted pair cable because it is shielded by a conductive sheath. The sheath is electrically grounded to prevent noise from reaching the inner conductor. The test tool measures impulse noise on the cable under test.
Basic Cabling Testing Minimizing Impedance Discontinuities 7 Minimizing Impedance Discontinuities Characteristic impedance is usually altered slightly by cable connections and terminations. Sharp bends or kinks in LAN cable can also alter the cable’s characteristic impedance. Networks can operate with small discontinuities because the resulting signal reflections are small and are attenuated in the cable. Larger impedance discontinuities can interfere with data transmission.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual NEXT The test tool measures NEXT (near-end crosstalk) by applying a test signal to one cable pair and measuring the amplitude of the crosstalk signals received by the other cable pairs. The NEXT value, expressed in decibels, is computed as the difference in amplitude between the test signal and the crosstalk signal measured at the same end of the cabling. Higher NEXT values correspond to less crosstalk and better cabling performance.
Basic Cabling Testing FEXT and ELFEXT 7 In cable, the inductive crosstalk component is very low. Most of the crosstalk is due to the capacitive component. Because the difference between the two components is nearly equal to the capacitive component, NEXT and FEXT are nearly the same in a cable. Because of how FEXT signals add up along a cable link, good ELFEXT performance is critical for systems that transmit data over multiple wire pairs.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Locating NEXT and ELFEXT Problems If the test tool reports a NEXT or ELFEXT failure on a cable pair, you can use the HDTDX analyzer to locate the source of the crosstalk problem. Like the HDTDR results, the HDTDX analyzer results are presented in both a list and a plot format. The list format shows the cable pairs tested, the peak magnitude of crosstalk detected on the pairs, and the distance to the peak magnitude.
Basic Cabling Testing Locating NEXT and ELFEXT Problems 7 The vertical scale represents the magnitude of the crosstalk detected. The crosstalk levels shown on the plot are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation. Without this adjustment, the peak on the right side of the plot (farther from the test tool) would appear much smaller. The adjusted plot helps you identify crosstalk sources because you can use the vertical scale to measure crosstalk magnitudes plotted at any distance from the test tool.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Split Pairs and NEXT A split pair occurs when one wire from a cable pair is twisted together with a wire from a different cable pair. Split pairs most frequently result from miswires at punchdown blocks and cable connectors. Figure 7-11 shows an example of split pair wiring. Notice that the pin-to-pin connections across the cable are correct, but the pairs twisted together do not form a complete circuit. 1 2 1 2 3 6 3 6 Incorrect Wiring: Split Pair oy33f.eps Figure 7-11.
Basic Cabling Testing Power Sum Values 7 Minimizing Crosstalk Crosstalk problems are minimized by twisting together the two wires in each cable pair. Twisting the two wires together causes the electromagnetic fields around the wires to cancel out, leaving virtually no external field to transmit signals to nearby cable pairs.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Propagation Delay and Delay Skew Propagation delay is the time it takes an electrical signal to travel the length of a wire. A wire pair’s delay depends on the pair’s length, twist rate, and electrical properties, such as the type of insulating material used around the copper conductors. Delays typically measure in the hundreds of nano seconds. (One nano second is one-billionth of a second, or 0.000000001 second.
Basic Cabling Testing Nominal Velocity of Propagation (NVP) 7 Nominal Velocity of Propagation (NVP) NVP is the speed of a signal through a cable relative to the speed of light. In a vacuum, electrical signals travel at the speed of light. In a cable, signals travel slower than the speed of light. Typically, the speed of an electrical signal in a cable is between 60 % and 80 % of the speed of light. Figure 7-12 shows how the NVP percentage is calculated.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual NVP and Length Measurements Length measurements depend directly on the NVP value entered for the selected cable type. To measure length, the test tool first measures the time it takes for a test pulse to travel the length of the cabling. The test tool then calculates cabling length by multiplying the travel time by the signal speed in the cable.
Basic Cabling Testing High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry (HDTDR) 7 Reflections from Opens An open, or break, in the cabling represents an abrupt increase in the cabling’s impedance. The impedance of an open is nearly infinite. In open cabling, a signal’s energy is not dissipated by a terminating impedance, so the signal bounces back towards the source. This reflection appears at the source with the same amplitude and polarity as the original signal, as shown in Figure 7-13.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Reflections from Shorts A short represents an abrupt decrease in the impedance between two conductors in a cable. A short is caused when the insulation surrounding a cable’s wires is damaged, allowing the wires to touch each other. The result is a near-zero impedance connection between the conductors. A short also causes signal reflections, but in a manner opposite of an open.
Basic Cabling Testing High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry (HDTDR) 7 Cable Termination Because signal reflections can distort the shape of communication signals, the unused ends of cable segments must be terminated to prevent reflections. The terminating device is a resistor with a value equal to the cable’s characteristic impedance. A signal reaching the terminator is neither reflected nor passed: the signal is absorbed and dissipated by the terminating resistance.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual A negative reflection percentage indicates that the polarity of the reflection is the opposite of the original signal. Negative reflections are caused by abrupt decreases in the cable’s impedance, such as those caused by mismatches in cable types or shorts on the cable. A bi-polar reflection is usually caused by a connector. The results plotted in Figure 7-14 are the results from an HDTDR test on pair 4,5 in a good twisted pair cable.
Basic Cabling Testing ACR 7 Figure 7-15 shows a plot of NEXT and attenuation limits, along with the resulting ACR plot. Notice that the ACR is lower where NEXT and attenuation values are near each other. 70.0 60.0 Limit in dB 50.0 40.0 NEXT GOOD 30.0 ACR GOOD 20.0 ATTEN. GOOD 10.0 0.0 0 20 40 60 Frequency in MHz 80 100 oy37f.eps Figure 7-15.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual RL RL (return loss) is the difference between the power of a transmitted signal and the power of the signal reflections caused by variations in the cable’s impedance. A RL plot indicates how well a cable’s impedance matches its rated impedance over a range of frequencies. High RL values mean a close impedance match, which results in a large difference between the powers of transmitted and reflected signals.
Basic Cabling Testing Troubleshooting Basics 7 Troubleshooting Basics Troubleshooting LAN cabling installations is most often required during cabling installation or modification. When cable is handled carefully and installed correctly, it usually operates trouble-free for years. A general rule for finding cabling faults is as follows: With very few exceptions, faults occur at cabling connections.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 7-1. Identifying Cabling Faults Test Failure Wire map: open Likely Causes of Failure Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks. Faulty connections. Cables routed to the wrong location. Wires broken by stress at connections. Damaged connector. Cuts or breaks in cable. Wire map: split pair Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks. Wire map: reversed pairs Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks.
Basic Cabling Testing Troubleshooting Basics 7 Table 7-1. Identifying Cabling Faults (continued) Wire Map Display Diagnostics Display (F) Plot Wire map display showing an open on wire 1 near the main unit. oy57i.bmp oy58i.bmp oy59i.bmp oy60i.bmp Wire map display showing a split pair on pairs 3,6 and 4,5. Wire map display showing reversed pair on pair 1,2. oy74i.bmp Wire map display showing crossed pairs on 1,2 and 3,6. oy75i.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 7-1. Identifying Cabling Faults (continued) Test Failure Wire map: short Likely Causes of Failure Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks. Conductive material stuck between pins at a connection. Damage to cable insulation. NEXT or ELFEXT Excessive untwisting of pairs at connection. Insufficient quality of connecting hardware. Damage to cable (pinches, kinks, etc.). Damaged connector. Insufficient cable quality.
Basic Cabling Testing Troubleshooting Basics 7 Table 7-1. Identifying Cabling Faults (continued) Wire Map Display Diagnostics Display (F) Plot Wire map display showing short between pins 1 and 3. oy64i.bmp oy65i.bmp oy66i.bmp oy67i.bmp oy68i.bmp oy70i.bmp NEXT test fails. Impedance anomaly is detected. HDTDR plot shows an impedance anomaly caused by a 150 Ω cable segment in a 100 Ω run.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 7-32
Chapter 8 Maintenance and Specifications Chapter 8 provides the following information: • Instructions for cleaning and storing the test tool. • Instructions for replacing batteries. • A troubleshooting guide to use when the test tool is not operating correctly. • Instructions for returning the unit for repair. • A list of replacement parts and accessories. • Electrical and mechanical specifications.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Cleaning and Storage Clean the test tool and remote with a soft cloth dampened with water or water and a mild soap. Caution To avoid damaging the display or the case, do not use solvents or abrasive cleansers. If you are storing the test tool or remote for an extended period of time, charge the NiMH battery pack before storing. Do not remove the battery pack. Removing the battery pack for extended periods shortens the life of the backup lithium battery.
Maintenance and Specifications If the Test Tool Fails 8 Internal Lithium Backup Battery A lithium battery maintains the test tool’s memory contents when you remove the NiMH battery pack. The memory contents maintained are the stored Autotest reports, all SETUP settings, self-calibration and NVP calibration data, custom test configurations, and the report identification information. The lithium battery lasts about five years if you always keep the main battery installed.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 8-1. Troubleshooting the Test Tool Symptom 1: Display is blank Press C. The test tool may have switched to low-power mode. Connect the ac adapter/charger. The battery pack may need charging. Hold down C for 2 seconds, then hold down U for 5 seconds. The display contrast may be too low. Hold down C for 2 seconds, then hold down D for 5 seconds. The display contrast may be too high. Symptom 2: Remote unit is not detected. Charge or replace the battery in the remote.
Maintenance and Specifications If the Test Tool Fails 8 Replacement Parts Table 8-2 lists the replacement parts for the test tool and the remote. Other parts may be available through a Fluke Networks service center. To order replacement parts, contact Fluke Networks as described in Chapter 1. Refer to the Fiber Test Adapters users manual for replacement parts for an optional fiber test adapter. Table 8-2.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 8-2. Replacement Parts (cont.) Description Part Number Carrying case for multimedia cards 1620592 DSP-4000 Series Getting Started Guide 2093912 DSP-4000 Series Manual CD 1627320 LinkWare software CD* LinkWare * You may also download this software from the Fluke Networks website. Note For a list of the optional link interface adapters currently available, refer to the sheet included with your test tool. Or, visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.
Maintenance and Specifications If the Test Tool Fails 8 Table 8-3. Options and Accessories (cont.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Specifications WWarning Under no circumstances is this product intended for direct connection to telephony inputs, systems, or equipment, including ISDN inputs. Doing so is a misapplication of this product, which could result in damage to the test tool and create a potential shock hazard to the user. Under no circumstances should the CABLE TEST input be connected to LAN inputs, systems, or equipment.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 8 Compatibility with Remotes and Link Interface Adapters The DSP-4100 and DSP-4300 test tools are compatible only with DSP-4100SR and DSP-4300SR remote units, respectively. The DSP-4100 and DSP-4300 remotes are not compatible with DSP-100, DSP-2000, or DSP-4000 test tools. The LIAs are not compatible with DSP-100 or DSP-2000 test tools. The test tool can store calibration data for two different remotes.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Cable Types Tested Shielded and unshielded twisted pair (STP and UTP) LAN cabling: TIA Category 3, 4, 5, 5E, and 6 100 Ω ISO/IEC Class C and D 100 Ω and 120 Ω Foil-screened twisted pair cables (ScTP): TIA Category 3, 4, 5, 5E, and 6 100 Ω ISO/IEC Class C and D 100 Ω and 120 Ω Shielded twisted pair cables (STP): 150 Ω (IBM Type 1, 6, and 9; IBM interface adapter required).
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 8 Test Standards Test Standard Link Type TIA Category 3 and 5E per Addendum #5 to TIA/EIA-568A basic link or channel TIA Category 5 (new) per TIA TSB-95 basic link or channel TIA Category 6 per TIA Addendum #1 to TIA/EIA-568B (draft) permanent link or channel ISO/IEC-11801-2000 Class C and D (new) permanent link or channel ISO/IEC-11801-2000+ Class E (draft) permanent link or channel STP cabling, (IBM Type 1, 150 Ω) ANSI TP-PMD Ethernet with coaxi
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Length Twisted Pair Cable Range Resolution Accuracy Coaxial Cable 0 ft to 328 ft (0 m - 100 m) 328 ft to 2500 ft (100 m - 762 m) 0 ft to 328 ft (0 -100 m) 328 ft to 4000 ft (100 m - 1219 m) 1 ft or 0.1 m 1 ft or 0.1 m 1 ft or 0.1 m 1 ft or 0.1 m ± (1 ft (0.3 m) + 2 % of reading) ± (1 ft (0.3 m) + 4 % of reading) ± (1 ft (0.3 m) + 2 % of reading) ± (1 ft (0.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 8 Measurement Accuracy as Specified in Relevant Standards Accuracies computed from the parameters in Table 8-4 are shown in Figures 8-2 through 8-7. Table 8-4. Performance Parameters Parameter Dynamic range Baseline Test Tool Test Tool with DSP-LIA101 Permanent Link Adapter Test Tool with Category 6/Class E Channel Adapter 3 dB over test limit Pair-to-Pair NEXT and FEXT loss 65 dB Power Sum NEXT and FEXT loss 62 dB Amplitude resolution 0.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Notes for Table 8-4 1. Verification of dynamic accuracy is required up to the specified range for NEXT loss and FEXT loss. 2. The dynamic accuracy is based on dynamic accuracy performance for insertion loss (attenuation) and NEXT loss, and is assumed to combine the dynamic accuracy for ELFEXT as specified. The FEXT loss dynamic accuracy is tested to ± 0.75 dB. 3.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 8 5 4 Accuracy (dB) Channel Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) 3 Permanent Link Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) 2 Channel Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) Baseline Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) 1 Permanent Link Typical Accuracy and Baseline Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) 0 0 50 100 150 Frequency (MHz) 200 250 oy88.eps Figure 8-2. Attenuation (Insertion Loss) Measurement Accuracy for Channel 5 Accuracy (dB) Channel Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 5 Channel Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Channel Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) Accuracy (dB) 4 Permanent Link Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) 3 Baseline Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) 2 Permanent Link Typical Accuracy and Baseline Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) 1 0 0 50 100 150 Frequency (MHz) 200 250 oy93.eps Figure 8-4. PSNEXT Measurement Accuracy for Channel 5 Channel Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Permanent Link Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 5 Channel Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Permanent Link Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) 4 Accuracy (dB) 8 Channel Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) 3 Baseline Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) 2 Permanent Link Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) Baseline Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) 1 0 0 50 100 150 Frequency (MHz) 200 250 oy91.eps Figure 8-6. PSELFEXT Measurement Accuracy for Channel 5 Permanent Link Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual HDTDX Analyzer Specifications for Cables <100 m (328 ft) The following performance is typical for cables less than 100 m (328 ft): Distance accuracy: ±(1 ft (0.3 m) + 2 % distance) Distance resolution: 1 ft or 0.1 m HDTDR Specifications for Cables <100 m (328 ft) The specifications below are for HDTDR tests on cables less than 100 m (328 ft) long. Twisted Pair Cable Coaxial Cable Distance accuracy ±(1 ft (0.3 m) + 2 % distance) ±(1 ft (0.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 8 LAN Traffic Monitoring Traffic tests are run through the DSP-LIA013 Channel/Traffic adapter’s Monitor jack. Monitors 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX Ethernet traffic. Monitors pair 3,6 for either polarity of traffic. Generates a positive polarity link pulse on pair 1,2. Generates 100BASE-TX link signals on pair 1, 2. Auto-negotiates between 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX. Monitors pair 3, 6 for 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX link pulses.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual PC Interface Cable Table 8-5 shows the pin connections for the PC interface cable provided with the test tool. Table 8-6 shows the pin connections for the 9-to 25-pin adapter available from Fluke Networks (part number 929187). Table 8-5.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 8 Power Main unit and remote: NiMH battery pack, 7.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 100 90 80 70 60 %RH 50 40 30 20 10 0 -20 -4 0 40 60 80 100 32 Temperature (deg F) -20 30 0 Temperature (deg C) + 20 40 120 140 50 60 = Storage (-20˚ C to 60˚ C) = Normal Operation (0˚ C to 45˚ C) oy40f.eps Figure 8-8. Operating Environment Specifications Input Ratings A DSP-4000 Series test tool and remote are designed to measure unpowered cables.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 8 Certification and Compliance Symbol Description Conforms to relevant European Union directives. Listed by Canadian Standards Association. The test tool complies with the following standards: CSA Standards: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 1010.1-92 + Amendment 2: 1997 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use, Part 1: General Requirements Safety: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 1010.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Test Results Memory for the DSP-4000 512 KB nonvolatile RAM stores results from at least 500 Autotests. More storage may be available depending on the number of tests run by the selected test standard. LinkWare software lets you upload Autotest results to a PC. 1 MB Flash EPROM allows firmware and test standard updates. Dimensions Main unit and remote (without LIA): 9.25” x 5” x 3” (23.5 cm x 12.7 cm x 7.6 cm) Weight Main unit (without LIA): 3 lb., 4 oz (1.
Appendices Appendix A B Title Page Tests Supported by LIAs.......................................................................A-1 Glossary ................................................................................................
Appendix A Tests Supported by LIAs Table A-1 shows the test standards supported by the standard link interface adapters. For a list of the optional link interface adapters available, visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table A-1.
Appendix B Glossary 10BASE2 An IEEE Standard for Thin Coax Ethernet networks: 10 Mb/s transmission, baseband signaling, 185 meters per coax segment. Also known as Thinlan, Thinnet, or Cheapernet. 10BASE-T An IEEE Standard for unshielded twisted pair Ethernet networks: 10 Mb/s transmission, baseband signaling, unshielded twisted pair cable. Maximum cabling length is 100 meters.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Anomaly A location on network cabling where the cabling’s impedance changes abruptly. Attenuation (Insertion Loss) A reduction in the strength of a signal. Attenuation is usually expressed in decibels. Auto-Negotiation The ability of a network device to determine the capabilities of a far end device, then select settings for optimal communication. Balun An impedance-matching transformer used to transfer signals between coaxial and twisted pair cable.
Glossary Baud Rate B Baud Rate A measure of data transmission speed. Baud rate is the number of times per second that a signal changes states. If only one bit is encoded in each signal change, baud rate is the same as bits per second. If more than one bit is encoded in each change, the baud rate is lower than the bits per second rate. Bit A binary digit, which can have two values: 0 or 1. The bit is the smallest unit digital data. The word is a contraction of “binary digit”.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Category 3 A cabling standard for UTP voice-grade cable specified be the EIA/TIA 568 standard for use at speeds up to 10 Mbps. Category 4 A cabling standard specified by EIA/TIA 568 for use at speeds up to 20 Mbps. Category 5 A cabling standard specified by EIA/TIA 568 for use at speeds up to 100 Mbps.
Glossary Crossed Pair B Crossed Pair A wiring error in twisted pair cabling where a pair on one end of the cable is wired to a different pair in the connector on the other end of the cable. Crosstalk Unwanted signal transfer between adjacent cable pairs. Crosstalk occurs because electrical signals passing through a cable pair create an electromagnetic field that transmits the signal to nearby pairs. CSV Data Abbreviation for comma-separated variable. A list of data separated by commas.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Equal Level Far End Crosstalk (ELFEXT) The difference between the FEXT and the attenuation of the disturbed wire pair (in dB). Good cabling performance corresponds to high ELFEXT values, which result when FEXT is much higher than attenuation. Ethernet A local area network protocol using Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD). Ethernet is available with four cabling alternatives: thin coaxial, standard (thick) coaxial, twisted pair, and fiber optic.
Glossary HDTDX B HDTDX High-definition time domain crosstalk. The HDTDX analyzer locates sources of NEXT along cabling. This measurement technique is patented by Fluke Networks. Horizontal Cabling The cabling between a telecommunications outlet and a horizontal cross-connect. Horizontal Cross-Connect A group of connectors, such as a patch panel or punch-down block, that allows equipment to be cross-connected with patch cords or jumpers.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Level I, Level II, Level IIE, and Level III Accuracy Levels of performance requirements for field testing of installed, unshielded twisted pair cable links. Level I is acceptable for testing channels. Level II has tighter limits and is preferred for testing basic links. These requirements, which evolve over time, are published in TSB-67. Levels IIE and III apply to Cat 5E and the proposed Cat 6 standards, respectively.
Glossary Plenum Cable B Plenum Cable Cable certified for installation in air ducts and open spaces over suspended ceilings without conduit. Plenum cable is fire resistant and does not emit toxic fumes when burned. Propagation Delay The time required for an electrical signal to travel the length of a cable. PSELFEXT Power sum ELFEXT. Power sum FEXT minus the attenuation of the disturbed pair. PSFEXT is the combined FEXT received by a cable pair from the other pairs. PSNEXT Power sum NEXT.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Runt Packet An Ethernet data packet that is shorter than the valid minimum packet length of 64 bytes. Runt packets are usually caused by a collision. Shielded Screened Twisted Pair (SsTP) Twisted pair cable in which each pair is wrapped in a metallic sheath, and the entire bundle is wrapped by an overall shield. Screened Twisted Pair (ScTP) Twisted pair cable wrapped in a metallic sheath.
Glossary Star Topology B Star Topology A network design in which each node is connected to a central hub. Terminator A resistor connected to the end of a coaxial cable. The terminator, which is intended to match the characteristic impedance of the cable, eliminates signal reflections by dissipating signals in the cable. Token Ring A local area network that is arranged in a ring or star topology and uses token passing to control access. TSB-67 Technical Service Bulletin 67.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual B-12
Index —$— $ (auto sequence), 2-38 $ (edit report identification), 2-36 —3— 3 dB rule, 3-21 —5— 568A and 568B standards, 7-3 568A and 568B wiring, 7-29 —A— AC adapter/charger, 2-4 Accessories optional, 8-6 standard, 1-4 Accuracy range, 2-9 ACR ACR@Remote test, 3-16, 3-21, 3-23 explanation of ACR, 7-24 plot description, 3-20 results screen items, 3-19 test for twisted pair, 3-19 Anomaly.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual test connections, 2-12, 3-3 test standard selection, 2-35 Battery charging, 2-4 lithium, 8-3 NiMH removal and replacement, 8-2 when to replace, 8-2 power-down timer, 2-42 status messages, 2-44 Beeper, enabling/disabling, 2-42 —C— Cable basic troubleshooting, 7-27 configuring a custom test, 6-4 construction, coaxial and twisted pair, 7-1 identifying hub port connections, 4-22 interface for PC, 8-20 interface for printing, 5-3 pin connections for 568 standard, 7-3 Cable ID auto
Index (continued) interpreting the plot, 7-14 results screen items, 4-7 running the analyzer, 4-6 Headroom, 3-6 Hub port capabilities, 4-26 Hub port locator, 4-22 —I— ID.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual monitoring impulse noise, 4-22 Noise test, 2-33 Numeric format selecting, 2-41 selecting, quick start, 2-8 NVP determining cable NVP, 6-3 explanation of NVP, 7-19 —O— Open,wire map display, 3-9 Overvoltage test, 2-32 —P— Parallel data transmission, 7-18 PC interface cable, 8-20 Permanent link description, 7-7 test connections, 2-14, 3-5 Permanent link interface adapter calibration, 6-3 handling guidelines, 2-24 Personality module changing, 2-25 handling guidelines, 2-24 numbe
Index (continued) Self test failure, 8-3 how to run, 2-32 Self-calibration, 6-1 Serial port cable for printer interface, 5-3 configuring for printing, 5-3 connection for printing, 5-4 error, printing, 5-6 interface description, 8-19 Setup configuring the test tool, 2-33 downloading from a PC, 2-33 list of settings, 2-29 quick setup, 2-8 Shield continuity test, enabling, 2-35 Short,wire map display, 3-9 Single test tests for twisted pair, 4-1 Single Test tests for coaxial cabling, 4-16 Smart remote.
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 6
