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II IMPORTANT In correspondence concerning this instrument please give the model number and serial number as located on the type plate on the rear of the instrument. NOTE: The design of this instrument is subject to continuous development and improvement. Consequently, this instrument may incorporate minor changes in detail from the information provided in this manual. Fluke Corporation P.O. Box 9090 Everett WA 98206-9090, USA Fluke Industrial B.V. P.O.
III Thank you for purchasing this FLUKE oscilloscope. It has been designed and manufactured to the highest quality standards to give you many years of trouble free and accurate measurements. The powerful measuring functions listed below have been combined with an easy and logical operation to let you use the full power of this instrument each and every day. If you have any comments on how this product could be improved, please contact your local FLUKE organization.
IV MAIN FEATURES There are five models in this family of FLUKE oscilloscopes. Each of these models is a combination of an analog real-time oscilloscope and a fully featured digital storage oscilloscope. By pressing a single key, you can switch the instrument from the analog mode to the digital mode and back. This allows each of the units to be used in an optimum operating mode for all kinds of signal conditions.
V - Peak detection for the capture of glitches as narrow as 5 ns. Pattern, State and Glitch triggering (2 ns) (2 channel models; 4ns Glitch triggering only) Event delay and pretriggering and posttriggering. TV triggering including HDTV and TV line selection. Serial interface for printing and plotting. Averaging to reduce signal noise and to increase the vertical resolution from 8 to 16 bits. Advanced mathematics, including digital low-pass filtering.
VI INITIAL INSPECTION Check the contents of the shipment for completeness and note whether any damage has occurred during transport. When the contents are incomplete or there is damage, file a claim with the carrier immediately. Then notify the FLUKE Sales or Service organization to arrange for the repair or replacement of the instrument or other parts. FLUKE addresses are listed in the back of the REFERENCE MANUAL.
VII INSIDE THIS MANUAL This operating guide contains information on all of the oscilloscope’s features. It starts with a general introduction, a summary of main capabilities, initial inspection note and a front and rear view. Operators safety Chapter 1 should be read before unpacking, installing, and operating the instrument. Installation instructions Chapter 2 describes grounding, line cord, fuses, and backup batteries.
VIII CONTENTS CONTENTS 1 OPERATORS SAFETY Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.3 CAUTION AND WARNING STATEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.4 SYMBOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 1.
CONTENTS IX 3 GETTING STARTED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.1 FRONT-PANEL LAYOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.2 SWITCHING ON THE INSTRUMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 3.3 SCREEN CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 3.4 AUTO SETUP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 3.
X CONTENTS 4.6 DIGITAL ACQUISITION AND STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30 4.7 ADVANCED VERTICAL FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31 4.8 ADVANCED HORIZONTAL AND TRIGGER FUNCTIONS . . . . . 4-34 4.9 MEMORY FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-39 4.10 CURSORS FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-44 4.11 MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-49 4.
CONTENTS XI Appendix A ACQUIRE menu structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 Appendix B CURSORS menu structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1 Appendix C DISPLAY menu structured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-11 Appendix D MATHEMATICS menu structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1 Appendix E MEASURE menu structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1 Appendix F DTB (DEL’D TB) menu structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
XII FRONT VIEW REAR VIEW
XIII FRONT PANEL CONNECTIONS Probe Adjust Squarewave output signal for e.g. probe calibration. Amplitude is calibrated. CH1 BNC input socket for vertical channel 1 with probe indication contact. CH2 BNC input socket for vertical channel 2 with probe indication contact. CH3 BNC input socket for vertical channel 1 with probe indication contact. (only in 4 channel models) CH4 BNC input socket for vertical channel 1 with probe indication contact.
XIV REAR PANEL CONNECTIONS Z-MOD BNC input socket for external intensity-modulation of the CRT trace. NC TXD RXD DTR RS-232 BUS (EIA-232-D) Input/output socket to connect the oscilloscope to an RS-232 Interface. 5 1 6 9 RTS NC DSR CTS NC=NOT CONNECTED ST6065 FUSE LINE IN Line input socket. Fuse holder is built in.
XV OPTIONAL REAR PANEL CONNECTIONS CH1 Y-OUT BNC output socket with a signal derived from the Channel 1 input signal. MAIN TB GATE BNC output socket with a signal that is "high" when the Main Timebase is running and "low" for the other conditions. DTB GATE BNC output socket with a signal that is "high" when the Delayed Timebase is running and "low" for the other conditions.
OPERATORS SAFETY 1-1 1 OPERATORS SAFETY ATTENTION: The instrument is designed for indoor use only. Read this page carefully before installation and use of the instrument. 1.1 INTRODUCTION The instrument described in this manual is designed to be used by proper-lytrained personnel only. Adjustment, maintenance and repair of the exposed equipment shall be carried out only by qualified personnel. 1.
1-2 OPERATORS SAFETY 1.4 SYMBOLS Read the safety information in the manual. Earth. Conformité Européenne. Recycling information. 1.5 IMPAIRED SAFETY PROTECTION The use of the instrument in a manner not specified may impair the protection provided by the equipment. Before use, inspect the instrument and accessories for mechanical damage! Whenever it is likely that safety-protection has been impaired, the instrument must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation.
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 2-1 2 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS Attention: You are strongly advised to read this chapter thoroughly before installing your oscilloscope. 2.1 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 2.1.1 Protective earthing Before any connection to the input connectors is made, the instrument shall be connected to a protective earth conductor via the three-core mains cable; the mains plug shall be inserted only into a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact.
2-2 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS The mains (line) fuseholder is located on the rear panel in the mains (line) input socket. When the mains (line) fuse needs replacing, proceed as follows: - disconnect the oscilloscope from the mains (line). - remove the cover of the fuseholder by means of a small screwdriver. - fit a new fuse of the correct rating and refit the cover of the fuseholder. WARNING: Make sure that only fuses with the required rated current and of the specified type are used for replacement.
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 2-3 2.2 MEMORY BACK-UP BATTERIES 2.2.1 General information Memory backup is provided to store the oscilloscope’s settings when switched off so that the instrument returns to the same settings when turned on. Two AA (LR6) Alkaline batteries are used. Note: The batteries are not factory installed and must be installed at the customer’s site. Note: This instrument contains batteries. Do not dispose of these batteries with other solid waste.
2-4 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 2.4 HANDLE ADJUSTMENT AND OPERATING POSITIONS OF THE INSTRUMENT By pulling both handle ends outwards away from the instrument, the handle can be rotated to allow the following instrument positions: - vertical position on its rear feet; horizontal position on its bottom feet; in three sloping positions on its handle. The characteristics mentioned in the REFERENCE MANUAL are guaranteed for the specified positions or when the handle is folded down.
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 2-5 2.6 RS-232-C SERIAL INTERFACE Your oscilloscope is equipped with an RS-232-C interface as standard. The interface can be used in a system for serial communication. The protocol used is CPL (Compact Programming Language). CPL is a small set of very powerful commands that can be used for full remote control. Detailed information about this interface and the CPL protocol is given in Chapter 6 in this manual.
GETTING STARTED 3-1 3 GETTING STARTED This chapter provides a 10-minute tutorial intended for those who are not familiar with Fluke oscilloscopes. Those who are already familiar can skip this chapter and continue to Chapter 4. 3.1 FRONT-PANEL LAYOUT This oscilloscope is a combination of an analog oscilloscope and a digital storage oscilloscope in the same instrument. The basic signal acquisition and display functions are identical in both operating modes. Differences will be explained in the text.
3-2 Typical operation of your instrument will be: - Switching on the instrument - Initial standard setup - Screen controls - Auto setup - Analog-Digital mode switching - Vertical setup - Timebase setup - Magnify (Expand) - Direct trigger setup - Pretrigger view - More advanced features - Cursor operation - More advanced trigger functions - More signal detail with the DTB - Trace storage GETTING STARTED (see Section 3.2) (see Section 3.2) (see Section 3.3) (see Section 3.4) (see Section 3.
GETTING STARTED 3-3 3.3 SCREEN CONTROLS The screen controls can be adjusted for optimum trace, text and spot quality by the controls to the left of the screen. Figure 3.2 Screen control area The brightness on the screen is adjusted by two controls, one for the trace and one for the text. • Turn the TRACE INTENSITY control clockwise and verify that only the brightness of the trace increases. • Turn the TEXT INTENSITY control clockwise and verify that only the brightness of the text increases.
3-4 GETTING STARTED 3.4 AUTO SETUP The best way to start each measurement is by using the AUTOSET key. This automatically finds and scales all relevant parameters on all channels. AUTO SET 1 2 3 4 ST6659 9303 Figure 3.3 Measuring setup Step 1 Connect the probe as shown in figure 3.3. NOTE: AUTOSET is programmable. Because you have set the instrument in the "standard setup" before (see Section 3.
GETTING STARTED Step 4 3-5 To prevent measurement errors, check the pulse response before any measurement. If the pulse shows overshoot or undershoot, you can correct this by using the trimmer in the probe’s body. Chapter 4 describes how to adjust the pulse response. ST5952 In most cases, using AUTO SETUP is sufficient for a good initial display of the signal(s). After the initial AUTOSET, and to optimize the signal for a more detailed view, continue with the paragraphs below.
3-6 GETTING STARTED 3.5 MODE SWITCHING BETWEEN ANALOG AND DIGITAL OPERATING MODES You can use the yellow ANALOG key to switch from the analog mode to the digital mode and back at any time. The signal acquisition and display functions of both operating modes are very similar. However, the nature of the signals you are using may determine which operating mode you prefer to use.
GETTING STARTED 3-7 SIGNAL CRITERIA ANALOG MODE DIGITAL MODE You need to make adjustments to the circuitry and watch the signal change Fastest display update Slower display update Automatic measurements Can’t use Fully implemented Signal Math Add, Subtract, Multiply Add, Subtract All functions Signal Analysis Integration, Differentiation, FFT Not available Full analysis (optional) Automatic Pass/Fail test Not available Fully implemented (optional) Autorange attenuator Not available R
3-8 GETTING STARTED Step 3 Press AUTOSET again. This time the scope performs the autoset in digital mode. Step 4 Press the RUN/STOP key and observe that the trace is frozen and stays on screen even after removing the probe. Step 5 Press the RUN/STOP key to display the actual input signal again. Reconnect the probe to display the Probe Adjust signal again. Step 6 Press the ANALOG button once again to return to the analog mode. In the bottom of the screen, the text ’ANALOG MODE‘ is briefly displayed.
GETTING STARTED Step 3 3-9 You can change the amplitude of the signal in a 1, 2, 5 sequence by pressing one of the AMPL keys. Note that the bottom of the screen shows the AMPL/DIV setting of CH1. CH1 500mV CH1 100mV ST6681 Step 4 Press the ON button of CH2 and observe that a second trace is now visible. The position and amplitude of this channel can be adjusted similar to the adjustment of CH1. The channel settings are also displayed in the bottom of the screen.
3 - 10 GETTING STARTED Step 6 Press the ANALOG key to enter the digital mode Step 7 Press the top one (mV) of the AMPL keys, so that the signal has maximum amplitude. Press AUTO RANGE and see the signal change to a suitable attenuator value. When AUTO RANGE is active, the attenuators automatically adjust when the signal amplitude changes, to keep the trace on screen. Step 8 Press the key labeled AVERAGE. Noise in the input signal can be reduced by using the average function.
GETTING STARTED 3 - 11 3.7 TIMEBASE SETUP The next step is the adjustment of the main timebase controls (TIME/DIV, X POSition, and MAGNIFY keys). MAGNIFY 1 2 3 X POS AUTO RANGE 4 s TIME/DIV VAR ns ST6435 9312 Figure 3.6 Timebase setup Step 1 Press the AUTOSET key. Step 2 Use the TIME/DIV keys on the right hand side of the instrument to decrease or increase the number of periods of the signal on the screen. TIME/DIV MTB 500µs MTB 100µs ST6683 Step 3 Select a timebase of 1 ms/div.
3 - 12 GETTING STARTED 3.8 MAGNIFY (EXPAND) Step 1 You can use the MAGNIFY keys to expand the signal on the screen. The ’MGN’ indication and the corrected timebase setting are displayed in the text line. In the analog mode, magnification is limited to *10. The right key will activate the magnification. The left key will turn off the MAGNIFY function. On or off is indicated by ’MGN’ in the bottom of the screen. Step 2 Press the ANALOG key to switch the scope to the digital mode.
GETTING STARTED 3 - 13 3.9 DIRECT TRIGGER SETUP Now you are ready to set your trigger conditions. You will use one of the channel selection keys (TRIG1, TRIG2, TRIG3, TRIG4 or EXT TRIG) and the TRIGGER LEVEL control. Figure 3.7 Direct trigger setup Step 1 Press the AUTOSET key. The square-wave signal of the Probe Adjust output is now displayed on channel 1. Turn channel 2 on to display a second horizontal trace (channel 2 has no input signal).
3 - 14 Step 6 GETTING STARTED The same TRIG1 key that was used to select the trigger source is also used to select the trigger slope. Repeatedly pressing the TRIG1 button changes the triggering so that it occurs on the leading or trailing edge of the input signal. Note that the slope is also displayed in the bottom text line.
GETTING STARTED 3 - 15 3.10 PRE-TRIGGER VIEW One of the powerful features in the digital mode is the ability to capture and view signal contents prior to the actual trigger. The amount of pretrigger information can be as long as one full acquisition/record. The trigger position is adjusted with the TRIGGER POSITION control. Step 1 Turn the TRIGGER POSITION control counter clockwise. Now the triggering edge shifts to the center of the screen. A trigger point marker (s) indicates the trigger point.
3 - 16 GETTING STARTED 3.11 MORE ADVANCED FEATURES All basic functions are accessed by dedicated keys for fast and easy operation. Some of the more advanced features are menu operated. Menus are called up by pressing one of the keys identified with blue text on the front panel. After you press one of these keys, a menu is displayed on the right side of the screen. This menu gives you access to the more advanced functions of the oscilloscope.
GETTING STARTED 3 - 17 3.12 CURSOR OPERATION Cursors are used for accurate amplitude or time measurements of the signal. TRACK 1 2 3 CURSORS ∆ 4 ST6431 9303 Figure 3.9 Cursor setup Step 1 Before you continue, reset the instrument with the STANDARD SETUP. To do this, press the STATUS key and TEXT OFF key simultaneously. Now the instrument is set in the default condition and operates in analog mode. Step 2 Press the AUTOSET key. Step 3 Press the CURSORS key to enter the cursors menu.
3 - 18 Step 8 GETTING STARTED The top text line now shows the pulse repetition time of the signal (e.g., ch1: ∆T= 500 µs). ch1: ∆T= 500µs CURSORS on off # READ OUT CH1 200mV MTB 200µs CH1 ST6687 Step 9 Press the second blue softkey until ’=’ is highlighted. Now perform a peak-to-peak measurement and check that the amplitude of the signal (’∆V’) is 600 mV.
GETTING STARTED 3 - 19 3.13 MORE ADVANCED TRIGGER FUNCTIONS Most of the trigger functions (source, slope, and level) can be controlled with direct access to the functions (see Section 3.9). A CRT menu is used for more advanced trigger functions. TRIGGER ARM’D 1 2 3 4 TRIGGER LEVEL TB MODE ST6432 9303 Figure 3.10 More advanced trigger setup Press the menu key TRIGGER. This turns the menu on. An extensive set of functions is now displayed. All functions are explained in Chapter 4.
3 - 20 GETTING STARTED 3.14 MORE SIGNAL DETAIL WITH THE DELAYED TIMEBASE When you need to study a part of a signal in more detail, a second (delayed) timebase is available. This timebase has its own timebase settings and trigger level adjustment. Additional selections are made in the DELAYED TIMEBASE menu. DISPLAY MAGNIFY DELAYED TIMEBASE DTB 2 1 3 s TIME/DIV ns DELAY TRIGGER POSITION TB MODE 4 ST6439 9303 Figure 3.
GETTING STARTED Step 2 3 - 21 Press the DTB key. The DELAYED TIME BASE menu is now displayed on screen. Turn the delayed time base on with the first softkey. DELAYED TIME BASE DEL’D TB on off MAIN TB on off starts trig’d TRACE SEP CH1 50mV MTB1.00ms DTB 100µs 4.882ms T ch1 ST6689 The upper trace is the main timebase trace. This first trace shows an intensified part. Adjust the TRACE INTENSITY with the control as necessary.
3 - 22 GETTING STARTED 3.15 TRACE STORAGE In the digital mode you not only have the ability to store traces on the screen (using the RUN/STOP key), but also to store traces in memory for later use. ANALOG 1 2 3 SAVE RECALL 4 RUN/STOP ST6691 9312 Figure 3.12 Digital memory setup Store traces on screen: Step 1 Press AUTOSET. Step 2 Make sure that the scope is in the digital mode. If not, press the ANALOG key to enter the digital mode.
GETTING STARTED 3 - 23 Here is how traces are stored in memory: Step 6 Use the TRACK control to select an empty memory location such as m1, m2, or m3. Empty locations are marked with a circle in front of the memory location number (e.g., m3). Step 7 Press the second blue softkey (’save’). You have now saved the acquisition signal into memory ’register’ m3. A single register can contain a set of up to three traces (e.g., CH1, CH2, and EXT (trigger view)).
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4-1 4 HOW TO USE MORE ADVANCED FUNCTIONS OF THE INSTRUMENT This chapter allows more experienced oscilloscope users to learn more about the advanced features of this instrument and how to use them. For a complete description of each function, refer to the next chapter in this manual: "Function Reference". This chapter explains the basics of each function and gives examples are given in a step by step sequence.
4-2 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT PM3390B 200 MHz 2 Channel Oscilloscope The PM3390B has the same capabilities as the PM3394B on the channels 1 and 2. The channels 3 and 4 are replaced by an external trigger channel. This channel can only be used as an additional trigger input channel. Signal manipulation as in the full channels 1 and 2 is not possible. The external trigger signal can be displayed by using the function TRIG VIEW. PM3384B 100 MHz Full Four-Channel Oscilloscope Bandwidth is 100 MHz.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4-3 FRONT PANEL LAYOUT The controls on the front panel are grouped by function.
4-4 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT Study the front panel of your oscilloscope and observe what functions the different controls and push buttons (keys) perform. There are three different styles of push buttons, plus the blue softkeys adjacent to the screen. The push button functions are as follows: Direct function key. These keys provide direct access to specific functions as labeled on the front panel.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4-5 4.2 DISPLAY AND PROBE ADJUSTMENTS To help you follow the step-by-step descriptions, each section begins by recalling the standard setting as outlined below. If you get "lost", you can return to the beginning of each section, because all functions are set to a predefined state to create a correct start situation. RECALL STANDARD SETTING - Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys.
4-6 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT DISPLAY LAYOUT The following illustration shows the layout of the display with a maximum amount of text. Most text is active only when specific functions are activated.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT MENUS 4-7 TEXT OFF A menu appears when a key with blue text is pressed. The menu functions can be selected by pressing the blue softkeys to the right side of the screen. - Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode. Press the DISPLAY key to activate the menu. DISPLAY WINDOWS on off VERT MAGNIFY off T X vs Y Each menu starts with a menu name, which corresponds with the key that was used to select the menu.
4-8 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT CAL SIGNAL AND PROBE ADJUSTMENT Each measuring probe has been checked and adjusted before delivery. However, to match the probe to your oscilloscope, you must perform the following procedure to optimize the pulse response of the combination of oscilloscope input and probes. - Connect the probe body to channel 1. Connect the probe tip to the Probe Adjust output of the oscilloscope. Press the AUTOSET key.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4-9 4.3 ANALOG AND DIGITAL MODES ANALOG This instrument is a combination of an analog real-time oscilloscope and a digital storage oscilloscope, which offers a variety of additional features. The combination of analog and digital modes in one instrument gives you the advantages of both modes. In the ANALOG MODE the signal is directly written on the screen. The result is the "traditional" real-time signal representation.
4 - 10 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT SIGNAL CRITERIA ANALOG MODE DIGITAL MODE Video signals Preferred when Delayed sweep is not used. When using delayed sweep to observe details, Digital mode provides better light output.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 11 STANDARD SETTING - Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys. Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1. The Probe Adjust signal, now supplied to the input, is a square wave with a lower level of 0V and a top level of 600 mV. The oscilloscope always operates in analog mode after a recall of the standard setting. - Press the AUTOSET key for optimum signal display.
4 - 12 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRACE STORAGE RUN/STOP The digital mode offers a set of powerful features. One of the most important advantages is that you can store one or more traces in memory or on screen. - Press the RUN/STOP key to stop the signal acquisition and freeze the display on the screen. The trace is frozen and stays on the screen. Observe that the signal stays stored even when you remove the probe. Now the instrument has been STOPped, and most keys have been disabled.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 13 4.4 VERTICAL DEFLECTION VERT MENU 1 AVERAGE 2 POS POS TRIG1 V ON AC DC GND AUTO AMPL RANGE mV INV VAR VAR AUTO AMPL RANGE CH1+CH2 mV TRIG2 AC DC GND ON V ST6437 9312 The section shown on the left contains all direct vertical deflection controlls for the input channels 1 and 2. Refer to Section 4.1 for the differences between model numbers. To start this section with the settings in a predefined state, you must recall the standard setting.
4 - 14 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT VERTICAL COUPLING AC, DC, GND The input coupling after AUTOSET is ac. Since the Probe Adjust signal is a pulse type signal with a 50% duty cycle, its mean value is at the signal’s 50% amplitude level. When the input is ac coupled, the mean value will be displayed at the ground level of the oscilloscope. As a result of this, the displayed waveform is centered on the screen. AC coupling can be used to examine small ac components that are superimposed on large dc voltages.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 15 VERTICAL POSITION Use the POS control to adjust the ground level to any desired vertical position on the screen. POS ST6158 9303 1 POS 1 MAT4171 - Use the position control to position the line in the middle of the screen. Observe that the channel identifier ’1-’ shifts with the trace. - Press the AC DC GND key again to obtain ac input coupling.
4 - 16 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT VERTICAL - AMPLITUDE Press the upper key of the AMPL keys Pressing the upper key increases the amplitude of the displayed waveform. As the amplitude of the displayed waveform changes, the screen readout of the input sensitivity changes as well. If you adjust the displayed amplitude to 6 divisions, you will notice that the readout in the lower left hand corner of the screen reads 100 mV/div. The amplitude of the signal is then: 100 mV/div times 6 div = 600 mV.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 17 VERTICAL AUTO RANGE - AUTO RANGE The AUTO RANGE function results in an amplitude display of 2 to 6 divisions. Press the AUTO RANGE key. Observe that the amplitude of the signal changes from 6 divisions to 3 divisions. In the upper right corner of the display ATT 1 is displayed. This indicates that the AUTO RANGE function is active on input channel 1. - Press the upper AMPL key once.
4 - 18 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT VERTICAL - CH1+CH2 Using two probes, connect the Probe Adjust signal to Ch1 and Ch2. Press AUTOSET. Both Ch1 and Ch2 are now displayed. Adjust POS and AMPL to get a display as illustrated on the left below. Press the CH1+CH2 key. In the analog mode, a third trace will appear on the screen. This trace has twice the amplitude of the Probe Adjust signal. The position of the third trace is affected by the position controls of both Ch1 and Ch2.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 19 VERTICAL INVERT The INVERT function in Channel 2 can be used to make it easier to do out-ofphase signal comparisons. The most common use of the INVERT function is to obtain the display or make the acquisition of the voltage difference between two channels. This is done by displaying or capturing the sum of Ch1 and Ch2 as follows. (This is referred to as the differential mode.) - Using two probes, connect the Probe Adjust signal to Ch1 and Ch2. Press AUTOSET.
4 - 20 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT VERTICAL MENU BANDWIDTH LIMITER The Bandwidth Limiter reduces the bandwidth of the vertical channels to 20 MHz. This is done by activating a filter in the vertical channels. This feature can be used both in analog mode and in digital mode to suppress high frequency noise. For repetitive signals and when in the digital mode, averaging is the preferred method to reduce noise without limiting the bandwidth. - Press the ’BW LIMIT’ softkey to turn it on.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 21 50Ω VERTICAL MENU The 200 MHz models offer the selection of an input impedance of 50Ω on all input channels. The EXTTRIG input has no 50Ω possibility. The impedance selection is a subfunction in VERT MENU. The 50Ω input impedance is used to obtain a correct impedance to match signal sources of the same impedance. For interconnection, a coaxial 50Ω cable must be used. The 50Ω position is indicated on the display with the Lz sign (Low Z = Low Impedance).
4 - 22 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4.5 HORIZONTAL DEFLECTION AND TRIGGERING Before starting with the horizontal deflection functions, you must set the instrument to a predefined state to create a correct start situation. STANDARD SETTING - Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys. Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1. The Probe Adjust signal, now supplied to the input, is a square wave with a lower level of 0V and a top level of 600 mV. - Press AUTOSET.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TIMEBASE AUTO RANGE - 4 - 23 AUTO RANGE The AUTO RANGE function continuously adjusts the timebase to a display of 2 to 6 waveform periods. Press the AUTO RANGE key. Observe that the timebase of the signal display changes to display 2 to 6 signal periods. AUTO TB in the upper right corner of the display indicates that the AUTO RANGE timebase function is active. - Press one of the TIME/DIV keys. The AUTO RANGE function is switched off and the AUTO TB indication disappears.
4 - 24 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TIMEBASE MAGNIFY ST6711 - MAGNIFY The displayed signal can be expanded horizontally so that more signal detail becomes visible. In the analog mode, a 10 * magnification is possible and the entire sweep length can be made visible by turning the X POS control. Press the right MAGNIFY key. The text ’MGN’ appears in the bottom of the screen to indicate that the function is active. Observe that the timebase indication is changed from 1.00 ms/div to 100 µs/div.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 25 TIMEBASE X POS - X POS With X POS the displayed signal is shifted horizontally across the display. Turn the X POS control clockwise. X POS 1 1 MAT4199 Observe that a bar graph ( ) is displayed.The block on the bar graph shows which part of the digital trace is displayed as expanded. This block on the bar graph moves as you use the XPOS control. - Press the RUN/STOP key.
4 - 26 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRIGGER - SOURCE Press the TRIG 2 key in the CH2 section of the front panel to select channel 2 as trigger source. The indication in the lower right hand readout area of the screen now displays ’ch2’. Observe that the signal is not triggered. The ARM’D LED is on. - Press the TRIG 1 key in the CH1 section of the front panel to select channel 1 as trigger source. Observe that the indication has now changed into ’ch1’ and the signal is triggered again.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 27 TRIGGER TRIGGER LEVEL TRIGGER After each AUTOSET, the trigger level is always clamped within the LEVEL signal amplitude range to assure stable triggering on most signals. The trigger level is adjustable, but it is limited between the minimum (-100%) and the maximum (+100%) amplitude levels of the signal. - Turn the TRIGGER LEVEL control.
4 - 28 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRIGGER TRIGGER POSITION TRIGGER POSITION - Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode. Turn the TRIGGER POSITION control counterclockwise. One of the outstanding capabilities of a Digital Storage Oscilloscope is the ability to capture and display signal details before the trigger moment. When you turn the TRIGGER POSITION control counterclockwise, the trigger point ( ) is shifted to the right. This allows you to look at the signal before the trigger point.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 29 TRIGGER - SINGLE SHOT Make sure the instrument is in the Digital Mode. Press AUTOSET. This sets up the scope with the proper amplitude and timebase settings. - Remove the probe tip from the Probe Adjust output. Turn the TRIGGER POSITION to mid-screen (counterclockwise). Press the SINGLE key. This automatically prepares the scope for a single acquisition. Observe that the screen has been cleared, and that the ARM’D LED is on.
4 - 30 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4.6 DIGITAL ACQUISITION AND STORAGE This section gives you a short introduction to digital acquisition and storage in order to provide the basic knowledge and terms. This information is necessary for you to understand all digital statements in the following sections of the manual.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 31 4.7 ADVANCED VERTICAL FUNCTIONS All basic functions of the oscilloscope are accessible via direct action front panel keys. More advanced functions are easily accessible via the menus behind the menu initialization keys (keys with their function name in blue text). STANDARD SETTING Before continuing with the advanced vertical functions, you must set the instrument to a predefined state to ensure a correct start situation.
4 - 32 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT ACQUIRE AVERAGE The average function averages the input data over a number of successive acquisitions. The average function is used to reduce the influence of random noise in the input signal. There is no loss of bandwidth when the average function is activated, but the signal must be repetitive. The number of samples over which the average is calculated can be selected by the user. - Use the probe to connect Ch1 to the Probe Adjust output. Press AUTOSET.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 33 ACQUIRE ENVELOPE The ENVELOPE mode records the minimum and the maximum of the signal over a number of acquisitions. - Press the ACQUIRE key. Press the ’ENVELOPE’ softkey to turn it on. ENVELOPE on ENV ST6480 The AVERAGE mode and the ENVELOPE modes are mutually exclusive. Observe that AVERAGE is automatically switched off. The text ’ENV’ appears in the bottom of the screen to indicate that the function is active.
4 - 34 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4.8 ADVANCED HORIZONTAL AND TRIGGER FUNCTIONS All basic timebase and trigger functions of the oscilloscope are accessible via direct action front panel keys. More advanced functions are easily accessible via the menus behind the menu initialization keys (keys with the function in blue text). STANDARD SETTING Before continuing with the advanced functions, you must set the instrument to a predefined state to ensure a correct start situation.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 35 TRIGGER - LEVEL Press the ’level-pp’ softkey to turn it off. TRIGGER The automatic level detection circuitry is turned off. The trigger level is LEVEL no longer clamped within the peak-peak range of the signal. You must adjust the proper trigger level. While you turn the TRIGGER LEVEL control, the actual trigger level is displayed in (m)V.
4 - 36 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRIGGER MODE - Press the TB MODE key. TB MODE - TRIGGERED In the screen, the timebase mode (TB MODE) menu appears. ’auto’ is intensified. With the "auto" mode turned on, the timebase will run free as soon as no triggering signal is detected, in order to provide a base line. The ’Auto’ mode works well with most signal that have frequencies of 30 Hz or higher. Press the softkey next to the ’auto trig single’ function to select ’trig’.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRIGGER MODE - 4 - 37 ROLL Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode. Press the TB Mode key to enter the TB mode menu The TB MODE menu is extended with extensive timebase modes. The differences are as follows: • A Roll mode • Selection of ’Real-time only’ • Delay by events • Selection of Acquisition length - Press the softkey next to the ’ROLL on off’ function to select ’on’. The ’ROLL on’ function is now intensified.
4 - 38 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRIGGER - LINE Connect a sine-wave signal of 4 V/300 Hz to channel 1. Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys. Press AUTOSET. Select a timebase speed of 1 ms/div. Press the TRIGGER key. Press the softkey next to the function ’ch1 line’ to select ’line’. When ’line’ is selected, this function is intensified. The line frequency is used as the trigger source. - Slowly vary the frequency of the sine-wave input signal.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 39 4.9 MEMORY FUNCTIONS The next section deals with storing and recalling traces in memory for later use. Functions related to trace storage and recall are easily accessible via the menus selection keys labeled ’SAVE" and ’RECALL’. STANDARD SETTING Before continuing with the memory functions, you must first set the instrument to the default setting to ensure a correct start situation. - Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys.
4 - 40 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRACE STORAGE - SAVE Turn the TRACK control to select the memory location in which to store the trace data. Observe that eight memory locations ’m1 to m8’ (or 50 memory locations when extended memory is installed) scroll through the menu. All locations are marked with a circle before the memory number. - Select memory location ’m1’. Press the ’save’ softkey. The signal is saved in memory location m1.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRACE STORAGE 4 - 41 COPY A trace can be copied from one memory location to another. - Press the ’COPY’ softkey. The ’COPY MEMORY’ is now displayed. The source (’FROM’) and destination (’TO’) memory locations can be selected in this submenu. - Turn the TRACK control to select ’m3’ as source from. Turn the ∆ control to select ’m2’ as destination to. Press the ’copy’ softkey. The contents of ’m3’ have now been copied into ’m2’ without destroying the data in ’m3’.
4 - 42 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRACE STORAGE RECALL - RECALL If you completed all of the previous steps, three memory locations are occupied by trace information. You can display these stored traces at any time and in any combination. Press the RECALL key. Turn the TRACK control to select ’m1’. Press the ’DISPLAY on off’ softkey to display m1. Observe that the stored trace on memory location ’m1’ is displayed and that the circle before m1 is solid. An open circle indicates an empty memory location.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRACE STORAGE 4 - 43 SAVING MULTIPLE TRACES Each memory location can store two channels. - Connect the probe to channel 1. Press AUTOSET. Switch on channel 2. Turn the channel 2 POS control counterclockwise. The upper trace displays the signal of channel 1, and the lower line represents channel 2. - Press the SAVE key. Turn the TRACK control to select memory location ’m1’. Press the ’save’ softkey to store two traces in ’m1’.
4 - 44 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4.10 CURSORS FUNCTIONS Cursors are provided to make fast and accurate amplitude and time measurements. These can be done in digital mode as well as in analog mode. The analog mode of the oscilloscope is often used to accurately display complex waveforms, such as in AM, FM, and Video. The digital mode will often be the preferred operating mode for single accuracies which have to be studied or analyzed.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 45 CURSORS ON/OFF There are two sets of cursors : amplitude cursors and time cursors. Amplitude cursors are two horizontal lines, and Time cursors are two vertical lines. The dashed lines are referred to as reference cursors and the dotted lines are referred to as delta (∆) cursors. Cursor measurements can be made in both operating modes of the instrument. Amplitude and time cursors can be displayed at the same time. - Press the ANALOG key to set the scope in mode.
4 - 46 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT CURSORS - VOLT Use the softkeys, to select the amplitude cursors (’=’ intensified). Two amplitude cursors will appear in the display. The menu permits the channel to be selected for which the amplitude cursors apply. When channel 1 is the only channel displayed, ’ch1’ is the only selection. CURSORS on off - Turn the TRACK control to move both cursors, and turn the Delta (∆) control to move only the ∆ cursor.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 47 CURSORS - READOUT Press the softkey next to ’READOUT’. The ’CURSOR READOUT’ selection menu for horizontal and vertical measurements is now displayed. You can make the following selections from this menu: ∆T, 1/∆T, ∆T-ratio, T-trg and phase for time measurements. ∆V, V1, V2, ∆V-ratio for voltage measurements. CURSORS READOUT ∆T 1/∆T ∆T-ratio ph T-trg ∆V V1&V2 ∆V-ratio ch1: ∆T= 460s ∆V= 600mV RETURN ST6732 9312 ∆T is the time difference between the time cursors.
4 - 48 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT ∆T-RATIO/PHASE CURSORS READOUT First, the reference distance between the two cursors is set. This then is set to 100 % (360°) by pressing the ∆T=100 % (360°) softkey. Changing the distance between the cursors now results in a % (°) reading of the reference. - Press the softkey next to ∆T until ∆T-ratio (phase) is intensified. Set the time cursors to be exactly one signal period apart. Press the softkey next to ∆T=100% (360°).
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 49 4.11 MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS When operating in the analog mode, you can use the cursors to measure amplitude and time data. When operating in the digital mode, the scope has an extensive set of fully automated amplitude and time measurement functions. You can select two measurements to be performed simultaneously. These measurements are updated automatically, so that when signals change, the measured values automatically changed at the same time.
4 - 50 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT MEASURE MEASURE - MEAS1-PKPK Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode. Press the MEASURE key. The displayed menu gives access to the two measurements MEAS 1 and MEAS 2. Each measurement can be independently turned on and off. In this menu, you can select the measurement in MEAS 1 and MEAS 2 function. Observe that the measurements are linked to the active channel. The two default measurements are ’pkpk’ and ’freq’.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 51 MEASURE - MEAS 2-FREQ Press the ’RETURN’ softkey to return to the ’MEASURE’ menu. Turn on MEAS 2. MEAS 2 performs a frequency measurement on the same signal. The screen displays this result as : ’ch1 freq= ....kHz’. - Remove the Probe Adjust signal from channel 1 Because of the absence of an input signal, no frequency can be measured. This results in the display ’ch1 freq= ----Hz’. MEASURE - DELAY Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channels 1 and 2.
4 - 52 MEASURE HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT CURSOR LIMIT With cursor limited measurements it is possible to perform measurements on a part of the waveform. - Press the softkey next to CURSOR LIMIT& STATIST. Set CURSOR LIMITED to ’yes’. Turn the ∆ control to reduce the area between the cursors. Notice that the measurement result shows dashes when the area between the cursors gets too small. - Press the RETURN softkey to return to the MEASURE menu. Turn off the measurements MEAS1 and MEAS2.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 53 MEASURE TOUCH, HOLD & MEASURE ™ The probes delivered with the oscilloscope offer a unique and innovative way to perform a number of functions directly from a push button mounted on the side of the probe. One of these functions is called ’TOUCH HOLD and MEASURE ™’. The TOUCH HOLD & MEASURE ™ function is a very quick way to instantly display the four main measurements. You need only one single push button.
4 - 54 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4.12 PROCESSING FUNCTIONS MATH Most oscilloscopes, including most Digital Storage Oscilloscopes, limit their capabilities to the display of amplitude (in volts), versus time. In addition to those traditional oscilloscope functions, this range offers capabilities to mathematically change the contents of each memory location. To do so, the functions under ’MATHEMATICS’ allow you to calculate new waveforms from existing other traces serving as input data.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 55 MATHEMATICS - FILTER Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode. Press the MATH menu key. The MATH menu is displayed on the screen. Observe that MATH 1 is the default. - Press the softkey next to MATH 1 to enter the MATH 1 submenu. This menu is used to select one of the four mathematic functions: ’add, sub, mul, filter’. Observe that the default process for MATH 1 is the ’filter’ function.
4 - 56 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT MATHEMATICS MULTIPLY You can activate a second process MATH 2. This way, two processes can run at the same time. - Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 and channel 2 and turn on both channels. Press the ’MATH 2’ softkey in the MATH menu. The menu displays the MATH 2 functions. MATH 2 offers the same functions and parameters as MATH 1. For MATH 2 the default parameter is ’mult’.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 57 4.13 DISPLAY FUNCTIONS When operating in the analog mode, you can set the scope to display XY displays by selecting ’X DEFLECTION’ mode. In this mode the horizontal deflection is obtained from one of the input signals, while the analog timebase generator is turned off. In the digital mode the ’DISPLAY’ menu is extended. STANDARD SETTING Start with the standard setting. This ensures that you have the correct start. - Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys.
4 - 58 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT The signal on channel 1 is a square wave. Consequently, there will be only two vertical levels to display. The signal on channel 2 is a sine wave, which is now displayed as a function of the square wave on channel 1. - 2 1 CH1 200mV CH2 1.00V Press the X SOURCE softkey so that ’line’ is intensified. Turn off channel 1. X=ch1 ST6739 Horizontal deflection is now obtained from the line voltage. On the screen channel 2 (sine-wave) is displayed against the line voltage.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 59 DIGITAL DISPLAY X versus Y Similar to the analog mode, the digital mode allows you to display one trace as a function of another. The source for vertical direction (Y) is selected by the TRACK control. It can be the acquired trace or a saved track in a memory location (e.g., m3). For horizontal direction (X) you can choose from an active channel signal saved in memory (e.g., m3.1). - Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode. Press the DISPLAY key.
4 - 60 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT DIGITAL DISPLAY VERT MAGNIFY In the digital mode, the displayed signal can be expanded vertically after it has been captured. This allows you to look to signal details. Please note that the magnified representation of the signal has the same resolution as the originally acquired signal. - Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode. Press AUTOSET. Remove the probe tip from the Probe Adjust output. Turn the TRIGGER POSITION control to mid screen (counterclockwise).
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 61 DIGITAL DISPLAY INTERPOLATION Interpolation is a mathematical way to calculate displayed dots between actually captured signal samples. Interpolated displays help in the recognition of trace waveforms, even when the number of samples is too low to render an accurate representation of the signal. Use the bottom key in the DISPLAY menu to control whether or not interpolation is used. You can choose between dots, linear, and sine interpolation.
4 - 62 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT DIGITAL DISPLAY - WINDOWS Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channels 1 and 2. Press AUTOSET. The screen displays the two Probe Adjust signals in the center of the screen. - Press the TEXT OFF key, to turn off the bottom text. Switch on the channels 3 and 4, when present. The screen displays two or four traces now. 1 - Press the DISPLAY key. Press the key next to ’WINDOWS’ to ’on’.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 63 4.14 DELAYED TIMEBASE DELAYED TIME BASE DTB DELAY s TIME/DIV ns The Delayed Timebase (DEL’DTB) has two basic functions: ST6719 9303 • • To magnify and display any detail of the signal displayed with the main timebase. To permit more accurate timing measurements. STANDARD SETTING To start from a predefined state, you must recall the standard front setting. - Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys. Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1.
4 - 64 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT DELAYED TIMEBASE DELAY Use the DELAY control to select the start of intensified part of the signal in the upper trace. The intensified part acts like a window over the Main Timebase trace. DELAY CH1 500mV MTB 1.00ms CH1 DTB 100µs 2.675ms CH1 500mV MTB 1.00ms CH1 DTB 100µs 6.225ms ST6726 DELAYED TIMEBASE - TIMEBASE Press either key of the Del’dTB TIME/DIV keys. When you press the left key, the intensified part of this signal gets longer.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 65 DELAYED TIMEBASE TRACE SEP The traces displayed by the Main Timebase and Delayed Timebase can be separated with TRACE SEP. If the DELAYED TIMEBASE menu is activated, you will see the T symbol next to the TRACE SEP text. The T indicates that the TRACK control can be used to adjust the trace separation. - Turn the TRACK control and observe that the DTB trace shifts.
4 - 66 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT The third softkey in the menu is labeled ’starts/trig’d’. ’Starts’ is highlighted as default. This is an indication that the Delayed Timebase starts immediately after the delay time has passed. For most signals, the ’starts’ mode can be used. - Press the softkey to select the TRIG’D mode. When the triggered mode is selected for the Del’dTB, the start of the Del’dTB is postponed until the first trigger occurs after the delay time.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 67 DELAYED TIMEBASE TRIGGER LEVEL Just as is the case for Main Timebase triggering, proper triggering of the Delayed Timebase depends on the selection of the proper trigger level. The ∆ symbol in the Delayed Timebase trigger menu indicates the ∆ control to be used to adjust the trigger level. If the coupling for the vertical channel and the triggering are the same, a trigger level indicator is visible (D-).
4 - 68 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4.15 HARD COPY FACILITIES The oscilloscope offers the capabilities to make a hard copy of the screen information on a printer or a plotter. The hard copy can include the recorded waveform(s), the relevant scope settings, trace identification, cursors, measurement results and screen graticule.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT UTILITY 4 - 69 PRINT SETUP The oscilloscope must first be set to the correct interface parameters. Your instrument is always equipped with an RS 232 interface as standard. The following procedure describes how to set up the oscilloscope to use a printer through the RS 232 interface. - Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode. Press the UTILITY key. Press the softkey ’PRINT&PLOT&CLK’. Select ’print’ with the first softkey.
4 - 70 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT The preceding section describes the setup of a printer using the RS 232 interface. If you wish to use an IEEE-488 equipped printer, all steps are the same, except for the RS 232 setup. 9303 UTILITY PLOT SETUP For a hard copy with a plotter, please refer to the previous section on how to set up the oscilloscope to be used with a printer.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 71 4.16 AUTOSET AND SETUP UTILITIES This oscilloscope has a number of utilities that assist you to quickly get to the setup you need. One utility is the SET STANDARD utility to set the oscilloscope to a factorydefined, known state. The most frequently used utility will be AUTOSET. AUTOSET is user programmable as outlined below. SET STANDARD - Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys. The standard setting feature resets all functions to a predefined state.
4 - 72 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT AUTOSET USER PROGRAMMABLE The AUTOSET function can also be programmed so that certain functions switch to a predefined position after an AUTOSET. USERPROG allows the user to customize the AUTOSET function for specific applications. Example: - To program the AUTOSET function for dc coupling of the inputs, do the following: Press the UTILITY key. Press the softkey labeled ’AUTOSET’. Select ’userprog’ Press the ’VERT >’ softkey; select ’dc’, and press RETURN.
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 73 This setup can be saved in memory as follows: - Turn the TRACK control until memory location ’s7’ is selected. Press the softkey ’save’. FRONTS s6 s7 s8 T recall The actual setting of the front is now stored in memory location ’s7’. The indication in front of memory location number ’s7’ changes from an open circle to a closed circle.
4 - 74 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT SETUP TEXT LABEL In the setup menu each stored setups can be given a label of user defined text. This is done in the submenu TEXT of the SETUP menu. The cursor controls are used for editing text. The TRACK control is used as "cursor", The ∆ control is used for selecting the character. SETUP RECALL A SEQUENCE You can create a sequence of setups by storing setups to successive locations (e.g. s1, s2, s3) and clearing the next location (e.g. s4).
HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 - 75 OTHER FEATURES You are now an experienced user of this Fluke oscilloscope. The following features were not covered by this step-by-step introduction: - Trigger and ground level indicators - TV and HDTV trigger modes and line selection - Trigger filters - State pattern and glitch triggering (Glitch only in 2 ch.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5-1 5 FUNCTION REFERENCE This chapter contains an alphabetized description of each oscilloscope function. For easy reference, the functions are organized in the following order: 1. The Function description Explanation and detailed information about the function. 2. Key sequence Tells the operator which keys/controls to use to select the desired function. The first key/control mentioned is always one of the front panel menu selection keys, and the other keys are the softkeys. 3.
5-2 FUNCTION REFERENCE ACQUISITION LENGTH Description: The oscilloscope allows the user to select the acquisition length, or record length that best suits the needs of the application. The default acquisition length is 512 data points for each trace. It is possible to increase the length of a trace from 512 points up to a maximum 8K points (or 32K points if the memory expansion option is installed). This results in a trace length of 16 screens, or 160 divisions.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5-3 MEMORY EXPANSION With the Extended Memory Option installed, the acquisition memory can be made as long as 32K. When shorter acquisitions are selected, more traces can be stored in memory with a maximum of 208 (156) traces. Acquisition Reference memory Traces *) 1 x 32K 2 x 16K 3 x 8K 3 x 512 2 registers of 1 traces each 2 registers of 2 traces each 2 registers of 4 (3) traces each 50 registers of 4 (3) traces each 3 (3) 6 (6) 12 (9) 208 (156) *) memory plus acquisition; 2 ch.
5-4 FUNCTION REFERENCE ADD INVERT SUBTRACT Description: The CH1 + CH2 (CH3 + CH4) key in the control section for CH1 (CH3) can be used to display additional traces of the sums of these channels. CH3 + CH4 is only present in the 4 channels models. The invert key (INV) in the control section for CH2 (CH4) can be used for signal inversion. A differential mode is provided by adding CH1 (CH3) and ’Inv’ CH2 (CH4) together. In analog mode the two channel and the added trace are displayed at the same time.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5-5 ADD (MATHEMATICS) Description: The ADD function performs a point-to-point addition of two traces, related to the two ground levels (indicated as ‘-’). The result of the ADD function is a new trace in a different register. This trace can be scaled and positioned. Scaling is the correction of the resultant trace to fit in the screen. The TRACK control adjusts scaling. Vertical positioning is called offset.
5-6 FUNCTION REFERENCE Key sequence: MATH add substract multiply filter MATH1(2) Control to select the ADD process. ∆ Control to select the first source trace. ∆ Control to select the second source trace. on off Toggle softkey to switch the ADD function on. SCALE ∆ T TRACK Control to adjust the scale factor. ∆ Control to adjust the offset factor. auto scale DISPLAY SOURCE yes no ST7271 9303 Remote commands: CPL: QW (Command to query a waveform).
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5-7 ALT/CHOP Description: In the analog mode, when two or more channels are selected, the oscilloscope displays multiple channels in a ‘time shared’ mode. This implies that a fast electronic switch connects each input signal to the output amplifier in turn. This can be done at the end of every sweep, or at a high frequency. The display modes are referred to as Alternate or Chop modes.
5-8 FUNCTION REFERENCE The alternate and chopped modes are shown in the figures below. ALTERNATE MODE ..... MAT4203 CHOPPED MODE ..... Key sequence: TB MODE alt chop Toggle softkey to select ALTernate or CHOPped mode. ST6845 9303 ANALOG MODE Description: You can use the yellow ANALOG key to switch from the analog mode to the digital mode and back at any time. The signal acquisition and display functions of both operating modes are very similar.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5-9 If switching from one mode to another results in an unsatisfactory display, press the yellow key a second time to return to the original situation. Key sequence: ANALOG Toggle key to switch between analog mode and digital mode. AUTO RANGE Description: The AUTO RANGE function automatically selects the input sensitivity of the vertical channels and time/div of the main timebase to obtain an optimum display of the input signal(s).
5 - 10 FUNCTION REFERENCE AUTOSET Description: The AUTOSET function sets the oscilloscope so that an optimum display of the input signals is obtained within the same mode analog or digital. Operating the AUTOSET key results in: - Channels with an input signal are switched on; others are switched off. - Input coupling is set to ac; because of this autoset does not function at very low signal frequencies. - Input impedance is set to 1 MΩ - Input attenuator settings are optimized; VAR function off.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 11 AUTOSET SEQUENCE Description: If front panel settings are stored in memory locations ‘s1 to s5’ and ‘s6’ is cleared, then the range of ‘s1 to s5’ becomes a sequence of front panel settings. Such a sequence can be used as (part of) a step-by-step testing procedure. The two following methods can be used to quickly step through such a sequence.
5 - 12 FUNCTION REFERENCE AUTOSET USERPROG Description: A number of instrument settings after AUTOSET can be customized to your special needs when the standard default settings do not fit on your application. The selections are reached via the key sequence ’UTILITY >> AUTOSET >> userprog’. This gives access to VERT, TRIG and PROBE submenus where the selections are made. The following table shows possible selections. Unaffect means that existing selections are not overruled by AUTOSET.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 13 Key sequence: UTILITY AUTOSET AUTOSET off default userprog setups Toggle softkey to activate userprog VERT CHANNELS scan unaffect ac dc unaffect 1MΩ 50Ω unaffect BWL on off unaffect TRIG PROBE UNAFFECT yes no PROBE 1:1 unaffect ST6066 9303 Remote commands: CPL: AS (Command for an Auto Setup) Refer to Chapter 6 for full details. Toggle softkey to preset channels on/off and input attenuator after AUTOSET.
5 - 14 FUNCTION REFERENCE AVERAGE Description: Valid in digital mode only. Averaging is a process to reduce random noise without losing bandwidth. Averaging can only be used for repetitive signals.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 15 BANDWIDTH LIMITER Description: The bandwidth limiter cuts the bandwidth of all vertical channels to 20 MHz and makes noisy input signals look smoother. The bandwidth limiter does not affect triggering. The following figure shows the effect of the bandwidth limiter. 0dB Effect of bandwidth limiter −3dB BWL ON 20MHz BWL OFF FULL BANDWITH FREQ.
5 - 16 FUNCTION REFERENCE CALIBRATION AUTOCAL Description: The CAL key is used to make a fine adjustment of the oscilloscope’s input, trigger, and timebase circuitry to achieve high accuracy even under extreme environmental conditions such as very high or very low temperatures. In a workshop or laboratory environment, a fine adjustment once a week or even every month is sufficient. It is recommended that you do the fine adjustment after the instrument has warmed up.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 17 CHANNEL/TRACE SELECTION Description: In this family of instruments, the distinction is made between ‘channel’ and ‘trace’. A channel is referred to as an input channel, complete with AMPL and POS settings. A trace represents a waveform which has been stored in one of the register memories. Once such a waveform is recalled from memory, it is displayed on the screen as a trace. Each channel can be turned ON and OFF by the ON key located near the channel keys on the front panel.
5 - 18 FUNCTION REFERENCE Key sequence: ON RECALL Key to switch a channel ON or OFF. TRACK Control to select a register or a trace to be recalled from memory. DISPLAY on off Toggle softkey to turn the display of the selected trace or register ON or OFF. trace register Toggle softkey to deselect traces or deselect registers. ST6557 9303 CONFIDENCE CHECK Description: After turning the oscilloscope on, a confidence check starts automatically.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 19 CURSORS Description: Cursors are on-screen measuring lines. They can be moved using the TRACK and ∆ controls. Cursors can be positioned on signal details of interest and can be used for accurate measurements. Basically there are two types of cursors: vertical lines (||) called time cursors and horizontal lines (=) called volt cursors. A simultaneous display of both cursor types (#) is possible.
5 - 20 FUNCTION REFERENCE CURSORS The time cursors are used for time measurements. The example shows the required softkey settings for period measurements. The cursor positioning with the TRACK and ∆ controls is also shown. TIME CURSORS on off # ch... ∆T=... READOUT TRACK ∆ ST6553 9303 CURSORS VOLT CURSORS The volt cursors are used for voltage measurements. When off on more than one channel is on, the # desired channel for voltage ch1 ch2 readout must be selected with the ch2 ∆V=...
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 21 CURSORS BOTH In this mode, both voltage and time cursors are active. The TRACK and ∆ controls operate as in VOLT or TIME mode, as selected with the CONTROL key. CURSORS on ∆ off ch1 ch2 - ch2 ∆T=... ∆V=... CONTROL READOUT TRACK TRACK ∆ ST6554 9303 Key sequence: Toggle function softkey to switch between cursors on and off. Toggle function softkey to switch between volt, time or both cursors. Softkey pair to select CH1 or CH2 for measurements.
5 - 22 FUNCTION REFERENCE CURSORS READOUT Description: The cursors offer a wide variety of voltage and time readouts. For comparison of signal details the ratio mode is very suitable. When in analog mode time or volt cursors have been selected, only the relevant readouts are displayed in the READOUT menu. In digital mode all readouts are displayed at the same time. The various readout selections for time, volt and ’both’ are reached via the key sequence ’CURSORS >> READOUT’.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 23 CURSORS READOUT VOLT Three readouts can be selected: - ∆V: Gives the voltage difference between the cursors. - V1 V2: Gives the absolute voltage with respect to ground for each cursor. V1 and V2 have to be selected separately. - ∆V-ratio: The readout is a percentage that can be reset using the ’∆=100 %’ softkey. This can be used for amplitude comparisons. The figure shows an example: the percentage of overshoot compared with 100 % pulse amplitude is determined. ch ...
5 - 24 FUNCTION REFERENCE DELAY Description: Delay is the term that is used to define the time difference between the trigger point of an acquisition and the starting point of the resulting trace. In an analog oscilloscope, the trigger point is at the beginning of a trace, and the delay is said to be zero. The use of a Delayed Timebase introduces a delay between the trigger point of the Main Timebase and the start of the trace which is displayed with the Delayed Timebase. Three types of Delay.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 25 Every time the signal crosses this level the event counter is incremented by one. When the event counter reaches the selected delay value, the scope triggers and a new signal acquisition is started. The number of events to be counted before the acquisition starts is selected by using the ∆ control in the EVENT DELAY sub menu. Event delay and trigger position can be used in combination to offer powerful delay capabilities.
5 - 26 FUNCTION REFERENCE DELAY MEASUREMENT Description: In the digital mode, the MEASURE menu provides a ‘delay’ measurement. This is an automatic measurement of the time between two 50% levels ("mesials") of the first leading or trailing edge of two signals. The menu is reached with the key sequence ‘MEASURE >> MEAS1(2) >> delay’ The lower part of the menu is then automatically changed to the delay measurement.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 27 Key sequence: MEASURE delay MEAS1(2) Toggle softkey to select the delay measurement in menu DELAY 1 or DELAY 2. TRACK Control to select the reference waveform. Toggle softkey to select the slope of the reference waveform. Referred to "zero" delay. ∆ Control to select the second waveform. Toggle softkey to select the slope of the second waveform. on off ST6754 9303 Toggle softkey to switch the delay measurement on and off.
5 - 28 FUNCTION REFERENCE In the DELAYED TIMEBASE menu, which is selected with the DTB key, the delayed timebase can be switched on. This is done with the first softkey called ‘DEL’D TB on/off’. Once activated, the delayed timebase trace is displayed. The main timebase trace can be switched off using the ‘MAIN TB on/off’ softkey. If both main and delayed time bases are displayed, you can separate them by using the TRACE SEP function.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 29 DIGITAL MODE Description: The yellow ANALOG key is used to switch from the analog mode to the digital mode and back at any time. The signal acquisition and display functions of both operating modes are very similar. However, the nature of the signal used or the choice of the measurement may determine when it is best to use the digital mode.
5 - 30 FUNCTION REFERENCE DISPLAY MENU Description: The DISPLAY menu offers a set of powerful display functions for the analog mode and the digital mode. In the analog mode, the scope can be set to the X DEFLECTION mode. In this mode XY displays can be generated from a combination of any of the input channels for X and Y, while the analog timebase generator is turned off.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 31 Horizontal source selection is made with softkeys. X and Y sources must always be traces from the same register memory. This is done to avoid errors because the traces have to be sampled simultaneously to give a useful and correct X vs Y display. The TEXT submenu allows you to display ‘user text’ as additional information in the viewing area. This can be very useful when making photographs or hard copies on printers or plotters.
5 - 32 DISPLAY FUNCTION REFERENCE X vs Y on off Softkey to select the X vs Y mode, see function X-DEFLECTION (in digital mode only). TRACK Control to select the Y source. X SOURCE Softkey to select the X source. ST6785 9303 DISPLAY TEXT TRIG IND on off Toggle softkey to display trigger level indication. GND IND on off USERTEXT Toggle softkey to display or blank ground level indicators. Access to editing menu for USERTEXT (refer to the USER TEXT function).
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 33 ENVELOPE Description: If a waveform is changing over time (because of drift, jitter, or intermittent faults), the ‘history’ of the changing waveform can be collected using the envelope mode. In the envelope mode the minimum and maximum signal values are stored, taking the values of a large number of successive waveform acquisitions. If an interpolation mode is switched on, the area between the maximum and minimum values is shaded.
5 - 34 FUNCTION REFERENCE EXTERNAL TRIGGER (2 CHANNELS MODELS ONLY) Description: The External Trigger input provides an extra input that can be used as the trigger source for the Main Time Base (MTB). The External Trigger input chargacteristics are simular to those of the input channels 1 and 2. The input has probe range indication detection and two attenuator positions (0.1 V/div. and 1 V/div.).
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 35 FILTER Description: The FILTER function is a waveform MATH function. It is a post- acquisition algorithm which can be used to simulate the effect of a low-pass filter process on a trace. The cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter can be adjusted and the result trace is stored as a new trace in a separate register. This implies that the original waveform or trace is never disturbed by the process, allowing you to "experiment" with different filter factors.
5 - 36 FUNCTION REFERENCE Key sequence: MATH MATH1(2) TRACK Control to select the filter function from the MATH 1 or MATH 2 menu. ∆ Control to select the source signal. on off Toggle key to switch selected function on or off. PARAM TRACK Control to select the number of samples for the filter window. DISPLAY SOURCE yes no ST6757 9303 Toggle key to switch the display of the source trace on or off. Remote commands: CPL: QW (Command to query a waveform) Refer to Chapter 6 for full details.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 37 Key sequence: Toggle key to select positive or negative glitch detection. Toggle softkey to select positive or negative glitch detection. Softkey pair to select the additional trigger condition. Control to adjust the conditional time or the beginning of the range. Control to adjust the end of the range. HOLD OFF Description: The HOLD OFF control determines the hold off time.
5 - 38 SIGNAL FUNCTION REFERENCE 1 2 1 2 TRIG TRIG 1 2 TRIG SWEEP HOLD OFF (no triggers accepted) HOLD OFF (no triggers accepted) HOLD OFF (no triggers accepted) WAVEFORM 1 ON SCREEN SIGNAL 1 2 1 2 TRIG TRIG 1 2 TRIG SWEEP HOLD OFF HOLD OFF WAVEFORM 1 ON SCREEN (DOUBLE TRIGGERING) HOLD OFF 2 MAT4213 Using HOLD OFF to suppress double triggering. Key sequence: HOLD OFF Control to adjust MAIN TB hold off time.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 39 INPUT ATTENUATOR MANUAL + AUTOMATIC Description: The oscilloscope’s input has a wide range of sensitivities. This enables signals of different amplitudes to be displayed on the available screen area. Sensitivity adjustment is done with key pair AMPL/VAR or a single AMPL toggle key (for the External Trigger input). Input sensitivity increases when the top key (mV) is pressed; it decreases when the lower key (V) is pressed.
5 - 40 FUNCTION REFERENCE AUTO RANGE AMPL Toggle key to switch the AUTO RANGE function on/off Toggle key to switch between two vertical input sensitivities of the External Trigger input channel. INPUT COUPLING Description: The characteristics of the oscilloscope’s inputs can be selected for each channel. A channel can be switched on/off with the toggle key ON. Display of the External Trigger input signal is switched on/off with the toggle key TRIG VIEW.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 41 Key sequence: ON Toggle key to switch a channel on/off. TRIG VIEW Toggle key to switch the display of the External Trigger signal on/off. AC/DC/GND Toggle key for vertical input coupling of the input channels. AC/DC Toggle key for vertical input coupling of the External Trigger input. INPUT IMPEDANCE (200 MHZ MODELS ONLY) Description: For high-frequency measurements the input impedance can be switched from 1 MΩ to 50Ω.
5 - 42 FUNCTION REFERENCE LOGIC TRIGGER (4 CHANNELS MODELS ONLY) Description: Logic triggering enables triggering on a combination of the four input signals. Each input is compared with a trigger level and is recognized as being either HIGHer or LOWer than the trigger level. The four input signals together can be regarded to be a 4-bit digital ‘word’. If this ‘word’ matches a certain pattern triggering occurs.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 43 The time condition can be set in the softkey menu. enter triggers when the pattern becomes true. exit triggers when the pattern changes from true to false. if>t1 triggers when the pattern is true and its duration exceeds a specified time. The TRACK control is used to adjust time limit t1. if
5 - 44 FUNCTION REFERENCE MAGNIFY HORIZONTAL Description: In the analog mode, the MAGNIFY key pair switches between the normal trace and horizontal expansion of the trace by a factor of 10. The maximum timebase speed is then increased from 20 ns/div to 2 ns/div. In the digital mode, the same MAGNIFY key pair gives horizontal expansion of x1, x2, x4 up to 32 times for detailed viewing of captured signals. This results in an expansion of the timebase range from 2 ns/div to 62.5 ps/div.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 45 Key sequence: Key pair to adjust the horizontal magnification. Analog mode: Right side switches x10 MAGNIFY on. Left side switched x10 MAGNIFY off. Digital mode: Right side increases the MAGNIFY factor. Left side decreases the MAGNIFY factor. MAGNIFY ST6711 MAGNIFY VERTICAL Description: In the digital mode the displayed signal(s) can be expanded vertically up to 32 times for detailed signal examination. Vertical magnification is activated in the DISPLAY menu.
5 - 46 FUNCTION REFERENCE MAIN TIMEBASE MANUAL + AUTOMATIC Description: The Main Timebase (MAIN TB) has a wide range of time/div settings. This enables the display of signals of various frequencies to be displayed with optimum resolution. The time scale is adjusted with the key pair TIME/DIV (VAR). Adjustment can be done in steps or in a continuous range (VAR). Switching between these modes is done by pressing both keys simultaneously.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 47 MATHEMATICS Description: Two mathematical functions (MATH 1 and MATH 2) are independent waveform processes. These can be used separately, or be chained together if required. Each offers a choice of four mathematical functions (add, subtract, multiply, filter). The result of each function is always placed in a separate register. Independent operation allows two separate processes to be performed at the same time.
5 - 48 FUNCTION REFERENCE The following measurements are available: volt: dc, rms, min peak, max peak, pk-pk, low level, high level, overshoot (positive and negative), preshoot (positive and negative) time: frequency, period, pulse width, rise time, fall time, duty cycle delay: channel to channel on leading or trailing edges Refer to the functions TIME MEASUREMENT, VOLT MEASUREMENT, and DELAY MEASUREMENT for more information.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 49 3. Calculate all other signal parameters. The formulas for all time and volt measurements are given in the sections for DELAY MEASUREMENT, TIME MEASUREMENT, and VOLT MEASUREMENT. The HISTOGRAM method determines the voltage levels. This method is as follows: - The input data (= trace) is used to create a histogram. This histogram evaluates all signal amplitude values that occur in a given signal, plus the number of occurrences for each amplitude value found in the trace.
5 - 50 FUNCTION REFERENCE Newly acquired traces or previously stored traces can be used as source for this process and can be selected with the ∆ control. The resulting trace is automatically written in a register memory (m1 for math1 or m2 for math2). To see the result more clearly, use the ‘DISPLAY SOURCE on/off’ softkey to turn off the two source traces.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 51 PEAK DETECTION Description: This function is available only in the digital mode. In the acquisition system of a Digital Storage Oscilloscope, the sample distance is determined by the time base speed. At higher time base speeds, the distance between the samples is short; at lower time base speeds, the sample distance is longer. To capture high frequency signals, or signal details of short duration, a high time base speed is usually selected.
5 - 52 FUNCTION REFERENCE See the function ACQUISITION LENGTH for additional information SIGNAL DETAIL MAX SAMPLE RATE EFFECTIVE SAMPLES GLITCH OFF MAX MIN MAX MIN EFFECTIVE SAMPLES GLITCH ON 1 SAMPLE PERIOD ST6660 Key sequence: ACQUIRE PEAK DET Toggle key to switch the peak detection on/off. ST6760 9303 POSITION Description: Position controls allow the signals to be shifted across the screen to align signals with the measuring graticule to make time and voltage measurements.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 53 POWER SUPPLY Description: The instrument can be used at any nominal line voltage between 100 Vac and 240 Vac, with no switching and no fuse changes. After the instrument is turned on by pressing the POWER ON/OFF switch, an automatic power-up test is started. For detailed information, refer to the ’CONFIDENCE CHECK’ function. The oscilloscope starts up with its previous settings when backup batteries are installed.
5 - 54 FUNCTION REFERENCE Interface The instrument is equipped with an RS-232 Interface as standard. This interface can be used with an RS-232 printer or plotter. The IEEE 488.2 Interface is available as factory installable option. This interface can be used with IEEE-488 compatible printers or plotters. For correct functioning, correct interface parameters must be set. This is done in the menu UTILITY >> PRINT&PLOT&CLOCK. Press the IEEE / RS232 softkey to select the IEEE or the RS232 interface.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 55 Real-time clock The real-time clock is used to make time stamps on a hardcopy. Hardcopies will be stamped with two timestamps: the time of operation of the HARD COPY key and the time of trigger of the acquisition. Adjust block Three softkeys are used to adjust the clock. The softkey in the middle determines if the adjustment is done for day, month, year, hour, minutes or seconds. The item to be adjusted is displayed intensified.
5 - 56 UTILITY FUNCTION REFERENCE print plot clk PRINT& PLOT&CLK Toggle softkey to select printer, plot, or clock menu. 30:11:93 16:17:00 Toggle softkey to select the clock (time stamp) to be adjusted with the up/down softkey pair. Up/down softkey pair to adjust the time. dd:mm:yy mm:dd:yy yy:mm:dd Toggle softkey to select European, USA, or Japanese format of the date. ST7413 9312 PRINTER LAYOUT GRID yes no Toggle softkey to print the grid. 11" 12" Toggle softkey to select paper length.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 57 PROBE UTILITIES Description: The ’PROBE SWITCH’ setting of the ’UTILITY >> PROBE’ menu determines the instrument’s reaction when you press the command button on the probe. You can select between the start of AUTOSET, performing a TOUCH, HOLD & MEASURE™, selecting the next setup or switching between analog and digital mode. For non-Fluke probes or probes without an indication ring, the attenuation factor can be programmed.
5 - 58 FUNCTION REFERENCE REMOTE CONTROL IEEE 488.2 Description: An IEEE 488.2 Interface is available as an option. This interface can be used to control oscilloscope functions by an external computer. All of the oscilloscope’s current settings can be read by the computer. The programming language is called SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments). SCPI is an IEEE standardized language designed for remote control of programmable test and measuring equipment.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 59 REMOTE CONTROL RS-232 Description: The oscilloscope is equipped with an RS-232 Interface as standard. This can be used for remote control or for setting the readout using an external controller or PC. The language used is called CPL (Compact Programming Language) and is described in Chapter 6. CPL is a small set of very powerful commands for full remote control of all oscilloscope functions. The male 9-pin connector and its connections are shown in the figure below.
5 - 60 FUNCTION REFERENCE Key sequence: UTILITY WITH IEEE: REMOTE SETUP RS232 SETUP RS232 SETUP TRACK Control to adjust baud rate. NO IEEE BITS 7 8 Toggle softkey to select number of databits. PARITY no odd even Toggle softkey to select parity. 3 wire 7 wire Toggle softkey to select hardware handshake. XON-XOFF on off Toggle softkey to select software handshake. ST6076 9303 STATUS Key to switch from remote to local.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 61 RUN/STOP Description: The RUN/STOP button operates in the digital mode only. When the STOP function is active, any new signal acquisition is stopped and the trace is ‘frozen’. The status of the STOP function is displayed in the bottom right side of the screen.
5 - 62 FUNCTION REFERENCE SCREEN CONTROLS AND GRATICULE Description: The screen controls are located to the left of the CRT viewing area. Brightness of trace(s) and text can be adjusted separately with the TRACE INTENSITY and TEXT INTENSITY controls. Intensity of the trace(s) can also be determined by a voltage applied to the rear panel socket Z MOD. Refer to ’Characteristics’ Chapter 1 of the Reference Manual for input amplitudes. The FOCUS control is used to optimize display sharpness.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 63 Key sequence: TRACE INTENSITY Control for trace intensity. TEXT INTENSITY Control for text intensity. TRACE ROTATION Srewdriver operated control to align the trace with the graticule FOCUS Control for focusing of trace, text and cursors. GRATICULE ILLUMINATION Control for illumination intensity of measuring graticule SCREEN MESSAGES Description: User messages show up in the center of the CRT viewing area. Messages warn of incorrect settings and error conditions.
5 - 64 FUNCTION REFERENCE AUTO SETTING (USERPROGRAM) Indicates that instrument performs an userprogrammed autoset. Function ’AUTOSET USERPROG’. CALIBRATION COMPLETED Autocalibration is completed. Function ’CALIBRATION AUTOCAL’. CALIBRATION ERROR ... Autocal not successfully completed. Function ’CALIBRATION AUTOCAL’. CH. 50Ω OVERLOAD Input voltage at 50Ω input impedance is too high. Function ’INPUT IMPEDANCE’ DESTINATION PROTECTED MATH1 (2) is activated while register M1 (2) is protected.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 65 NO DTB, ACQ. TOO LONG Del’d TB only possible at acquisition length of 512 sample points. Functions ’ACQUISITION LENGTH’ and ’DEL’D TB’. NO DTB IN ROLL MODE Del’d TB and Roll modes cannot be combined. Function ’DEL’D TB’ and ’TB MODE’. NO ENVELOPE IN ROLL MODE Envelope and Roll modes cannot be combined. Function ’ENVELOPE’ and ’TB MODE’. NO EVENT DELAY, DUAL SLOPE Event delay and dual slope cannot be combined. Function ’DELAY’.
5 - 66 FUNCTION REFERENCE REGISTER EMPTY Recalling traces from an empty register is not possible. Protection of an empty register is impossible. Function ’RECALL’. REGISTER PROTECTED Register cannot be saved in protected memory location. Function ’SAVE’. REGISTER USED FOR MATH Trace cannot be saved in register M1 or M2, because it is in use for a MATH function. Function ’MATHEMATICS’. SETUP EMPTY Recalling settings from an empty memory location is not possible.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 67 save: The actual set of settings is saved in the selected memory location. recall: The settings saved in the selected memory location become the actual settings. undo: The settings previous to the last recall action become active again. CLEAR & PROTECT: in the CLEAR & PROTECT SETUPS submenu ’PROTECT on off’ can be used to protect a memory location by prohibiting save actions to this location. clear all: in the CLEAR & PROTECT SETUPS submenu ’clear all’ leads to a confirm menu.
5 - 68 FUNCTION REFERENCE SETUPS SEQUENCE Description: If front panel settings are stored in memory locations ‘s1 to s5’ and ‘s6’ is cleared, then the range of ‘s1 to s5’ is referred to as a sequence. Such a sequence can be used as (part of) a step-by-step testing procedure. There are two possible ways to step through a sequence without have to recall each individual setup using the menus: - By programming the AUTOSET key to be used as the ‘recall next setup’ key.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 69 STANDARD SETUP / FRONT PANEL RESET Description: A factory-programmed set of default settings is available to put the instrument in a defined state. The default settings (std) are reached in the menu under the SETUPS menu key. Another method to perform a front panel reset is by pressing the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys simultaneously. The TRACK control is used to Select ’std’ and the memories s1 ... s10 (refer to SETUPS).
5 - 70 FUNCTION REFERENCE STATUS SCREEN Description: Normally a maximum of four lines of setting information are given in the lower screen area. More extensive setting information can also be displayed. The STATUS toggle key switches between normal and extensive settings information. The status screen gives the following additional setting readouts: - Channel input coupling is indicated by AC, DC, or GND instead of symbols. - Settings of inactive channels are given in addition to the active channels.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 71 SUBTRACT (MATHEMATICS) The subtract mode is available in the digital mode of operation. Description: The SUBTRACT function performs a point-to-point subtraction of two traces. Each point related to the respective ground levels (indicated as ‘-’). The result of the SUBTRACT function is a new trace in a different register. This trace can be scaled and positioned. Scaling is the correction of the resultant trace to fit in the screen.
5 - 72 FUNCTION REFERENCE Key sequence: MATH add substract multiply filter MATH1(2) Control to select the SUBTRACT process. ∆ Control to select the first source trace. ∆ Control to select the second source trace. on off Toggle softkey to switch the SUBTRACT function on. SCALE ∆ T TRACK Control to adjust the scale factor. ∆ Control to adjust the offset factor. auto scale DISPLAY SOURCE yes no Toggle softkey to select the autoscaling. Toggle softkey to switch the source traces on and off.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 73 Key sequence: TEXT OFF Toggle key to cycle through three states of information given in CRT viewing area. TIMEBASE MODES Description: The Main Timebase (MAIN TB) can function in three different modes : AUTO, TRIG, or SINGLE. The choice is mainly determined by the frequency of the trigger signal. The modes are explained below. AUTO In ‘auto’ mode, the MAIN TB always gives a display, even when no signal is present.
5 - 74 FUNCTION REFERENCE MULTI Part of MATH+ option. Refer also to MATH+ Users Manual. The MULTIple shot mode enables a number of single shot acquisitions to be made in rapid succession. It is basically the same as SINGLE but with automatic rearming following each acquisition. Each acquired waveform is stored in a different memory location. ROLL In the ROLL mode, the MAIN TB can be used with sweep speeds from 200 ms/div down to 200 s/div.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 75 TIME MEASUREMENTS Description: Time measurements can be made using the cursors or using automated, calculated measurement routines. Cursors operate in the analog mode as well as in the digital mode. Calculated time measurements are available in the digital mode only. Using the cursors, three time interval readouts can be selected: - ∆T gives the time interval (seconds) between the cursors. - 1∆T gives an inverted readout of the time interval, and is read in Hz.
5 - 76 - period (PERIOD). Measures the time between the first and third mesial of the signal. At least one complete signal period must be acquired to get a valid measurement. period - FUNCTION REFERENCE = time of 3rd mesial - time of 1st mesial pulse (PULSE WIDTH). Measures the minimum time of the positive part and negative part of the first period of the signal. At least one complete signal period must be acquired to get a valid measurement.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 77 Results of the measurements MEAS1 and MEAS2 are displayed in the top left corner of the screen. When you press the key sequence MEASURE >> CURSOR LIMIT & STATIST >> STATIST on, the screen displays three values per MEAS function. These values are measured over the total number of acquisitions for that particular measurement and are updated instantly.
5 - 78 FUNCTION REFERENCE TOUCH, HOLD & MEASURE ™ MODE Description: The TOUCH, HOLD & MEASURE.™ mode is a quick way to freeze the trace and to display four main measurements instantly. This is done by pressing the COMMAND switch on the measuring probe of the required channel. The four measurements are: dc voltage level, peak-to-peak value, rms value, and frequency. The four values are displayed in the upper left corner of the screen. This function is a fast and easy way of troubleshooting.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 79 TRIGGER COUPLING Description: Trigger coupling is used to optimize the trigger stability for different signal types. The filter modes ac and dc are identical to those of the vertical inputs. Refer to function INPUT COUPLING. Lf-reject cuts off lower frequencies; triggering occurs on signals between 30 kHz and full bandwidth. Hf-reject cuts off higher frequencies; triggering occurs on signal frequencies lower then 30 kHz. The following figure explains ac, lf-reject, and hf-reject.
5 - 80 FUNCTION REFERENCE Key Sequence: TRIGGER ac dc lf-rej hf-rej noise on off Toggle softkey to select MAIN TB trigger coupling modes ac, dc, lf-reject, and hf-reject. Toggle softkey to switch ’noise’ mode for MAIN TB/DEL’D TB. ST6772 9303 DTB ac dc lf-rej hf-rej ST6773 9303 Toggle softkey to select DEL’D TB trigger coupling modes ac, dc, lf-reject and hf-reject. Not selectable when ’starts’ is active in the menu under the DTB key.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 81 TRIGGER DEL’D TB Description: The Delayed Timebase has two operating modes: starts and triggered. In both modes the main timebase must be triggered first, and the delay time must have expired. The Del’d Time Base modes are selected in the DELAYED TIMEBASE menu after switching the delayed timebase on. In the "STARTS" mode, the DEL’D TB starts immediately after the DELAY time. This is explained under DEL’D TB.
5 - 82 FUNCTION REFERENCE Source and slope are selected with the same TRIG 1, TRIG .., and EXT TRIG keys that are used for the main timebase trigger source and slope selection. The delayed timebase source and slope have their own readout. This readout can be found at the bottom right corner of the screen, below the readout for the main timebase trigger source and slope. If the channel and trigger coupling are the same (e.g., both ac or both dc), the trigger level is indicated on the screen by D-.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 83 Leveling in DEL’D TB is adjusted with the ∆ control. It is activated in the triggered DEL’D TB mode. The range is from -8 ... +8 divisions. Trigger levels for MAIN TB and DEL’D TB can be displayed. Refer to the description of the UTILITY SCREEN & SOUND function.
5 - 84 FUNCTION REFERENCE TRIGGER MAIN TB Description: This section deals only with ‘edge’ triggering of the MAIN TB. For TV triggering, Logic triggering or DEL’D TB triggering, refer to the appropriate sections. In the analog mode triggering determines the start point of the MAIN TB sweep. The sweep starts at the moment the signal crosses the trigger level in positive or negative direction. The slope is selectable ( ), as is shown in the figure below.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 85 The MAIN TB trigger settings are selected in the menu under the TRIGGER menu key. The toggle softkey ‘ch...line’ selects the trigger source in combination with the keys TRIG1, TRIG.. and EXT TRIG that give direct front panel access to select the trigger source. This is combined with the slope selection.
5 - 86 FUNCTION REFERENCE TV TRIGGER Description: In addition to edge and glitch triggering (explained under TRIGGER MAIN TB), there are extensive video triggering possibilities. These enable stable triggering on video frames and lines from various TV standards. There is no need to adjust the trigger level. Triggering is possible on video signals with positive (pos) or negative (neg) signal polarity. Supported video standards include NTSC, PAL, SECAM, and HDTV.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 87 Key sequence: Toggle softkey to switch between edge and tv triggering. In digital mode also glitch triggering. Toggle softkey to switch between TV triggering on field 1, field 2, or line sync pulses. Control to select the line number. Toggle softkey to select between pos(itive) and neg(ative) signal polarity. Softkey pair for video system selection. Softkey pair for selection of max. number of HDTV lines.
5 - 88 FUNCTION REFERENCE USERTEXT Description: Two lines of user-definable text can be displayed in the CRT viewing area. The text may be useful as additional information when taking photographs. The selections are reached via the key sequence ’UTILITY >> SCREEN & SOUND >> USERTEXT >> on’. The EDIT USER TEXT menu gives the following editing modes: - The TRACK control determines the position where text has to be edited. The position is indicated by a flashing cursor.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 89 UTILITY MAINTENANCE Description: The UTILITY MAINTENANCE menu is used to calibrate the oscilloscope and for repair and testing. Calibration data is protected by a password and by operation of a pinhole switch that can be sealed. Calibration is of vital importance for the instrument’s high accuracy. The menu is meant for calibration and for use by service technicians, and is therefore not explained in this Users Manual. An extensive description can be found in the Service Manual.
5 - 90 FUNCTION REFERENCE UTIL MENU Description: The UTIL menu is used to make presettings for instrument settings that do not need to be changed frequently: - The operation of the AUTOSET key. For a description, refer to the AUTOSET and AUTOSET USERPROG functions. - Selections in relation to probes. Refer to PROBE UTILITIES function for details. - Amount of information in CRT viewing area and audio signals. Refer to the UTILITY SCREEN & SOUND function.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 91 UTILITY SCREEN & SOUND Description: The UTILITY SCREEN & SOUND menu is used to select on-screen text, trigger and ground level indicators, and user text. Settings for acoustic feedback (beep and click) are set in this menu. The menu can be reached with the key sequence ’UTILITY >> SCREEN & SOUND’. The following selections are possible: - Trigger level indicators (TRIG IND) for MAIN TB and DEL’D TB. Level-pp and TV mode must be off. The horizontal marker is the level position.
5 - 92 FUNCTION REFERENCE VOLT MEASUREMENTS Description: Voltage measurements can be made using the cursors or using automated, calculated measurement routines. Cursors operate in the analog mode as well as in the digital mode. Calculated volt measurements are available in the digital mode only. Using the cursors, three voltage readouts can be selected: - ∆V gives the voltage difference between the cursors. - V1&V2 gives the absolute voltage with respect to ground for each cursor.
FUNCTION REFERENCE - rms (ROOT MEAN SQUARE VOLTAGE) Measures the rms value within one period, related to the ground level of the signal. If no full period is present, all input samples are included in the calculation.
5 - 94 - - FUNCTION REFERENCE oversh (OVERSHOOT) Measures the overshoot (in %), related to the amplitude of the signal. There are two types of overshoot: rising overshoot and falling overshoot (undershoot). rising oversh = max (of 1st rising slope) -high high - low *100% falling oversh = low - min (of 1st falling slope) high - low *100% presh (PRESHOOT) Measures the preshoot (in %), related to the amplitude of the signal. There are two types of preshoot: rising preshoot and falling preshoot.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 95 Key sequence: MEASURE MEAS1(2) volt time delay Toggle softkey to select time measurements in menu MEAS1 or MEAS2. TRACK Control to choose the volt measurement. ∆ Control to select the signal on which the measurement must be done. on off Toggle softkey to switch the measurement on and off. CURSOR LIMIT& STATIST CURSOR LIMITED yes no Toggle softkey to switch cursor limited measurements on and off. STATIST on off Toggle softkey to switch the statist function on and off.
5 - 96 FUNCTION REFERENCE X-DEFLECTION (X-DEFL, X vs Y) Description: X-deflection creates X-Y displays in which one input signal is displayed as function of another. To obtain X-Y displays in the analog mode, the oscilloscope can be set to X-DEFLection mode. In the digital mode a similar function is called X vs Y mode. In both cases a display of amplitude vs amplitude instead of the display of amplitude vs time is visible.
FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 - 97 Key sequence: Toggle softkey to switch X- Deflection on. Softkey pair to select X-DEFL source. Selection is possible only with X- DEFLection on. DIGITAL MODE: DISPLAY X vs Y on off Toggle softkey to switch X vs Y on. TRACK Control to select the register as source for vertical deflection. Selection is possible only with X vs Y on. X-SOURCE Softkey pair to select source for horizontal deflection. Selection is possible only with X vs Y on.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6-1 6 THE CPL PROTOCOL 6.1 INTRODUCTION The oscilloscope can be controlled via the RS-232 serial interface using the Compact Programming Language (CPL) protocol. In this protocol a small but very powerful set of commands is defined. The main characteristics of the CPL protocol: It is kept simple and straightforward and is fully tailored to use simple communication facilities like those of BASIC.
6-2 THE CPL PROTOCOL There are several IMPLICIT QUERY commands, which means that the oscilloscope will send data back (i.e., respond) to the computer after receiving and executing the command. Acknowledge The is an automatic response from the oscilloscope to let the computer know that the received command has been executed. The also contains information about how the command was executed. An is always followed by a CR. For more information, see section 6.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6-3 6.2 EXAMPLE PROGRAM FRAME In the COMMAND REFERENCE SECTION a very short programming example is given for each command. All examples are written in GW-Basic and able to run on an IBM-compatible PC. The example program expects the oscilloscope to be connected via COM1 port (RS-232) with a RS-232 null modem cable and to be setup at 9600 baud, 8 databits, no parity, 3 wire, xon/xoff = off (Menu UTILITY). The following program lines are an example frame work.
6-4 THE CPL PROTOCOL 6.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6-5 6.
6-6 THE CPL PROTOCOL 6.5 COMMAND REFERENCE In this section all commands of the CPL protocol available in the oscilloscope are described in alphabetical order. All command descriptions have the same layout: NAME NM Purpose: Explains the command, its parameters and limitations. Command: Shows the syntax for the programming command. The parameters are separated by one or more PROGRAM DATA SEPARATORS . Commands are terminated by a Carriage Return (CR).
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6-7 AUTOSET AS Purpose: To start the AUTOSET function. With this command the oscilloscope will select the optimum settings (volts, time base, trigger mode, etc.) for the connected signal(s). The AutoSet (AS) command performs the same function as pressing the front panel AUTOSET button. Command: "AS" CR Response: acknowledge Note: CR The will be sent after the AUTOSET has been fully completed.
6-8 THE CPL PROTOCOL ARM TRIGGER AT Purpose: Will reset the timebase and rearm the triggering for a new timebase trigger. Issuing this command during a time base sweep will immediately stop the sweep, reset the timebase and rearm the triggering. The Arm Trigger (AT) command performs the same function as pressing the frontpanel SINGLE-ARM’D button.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6-9 CALIBRATE CL Purpose: To start the internal Auto-Calibration procedure. This procedure optimizes the input, trigger and time base circuitry of the oscilloscope. This calibration takes approximately one minute and completion is signalled by the acknowledge. The Calibrate (CL) command performs the same function as pressing the front panel CAL button for more than 2 seconds.
6 - 10 THE CPL PROTOCOL DEFAULT SETUP DS Purpose: Sets the oscilloscope to the default setup conditions. The Default Setup (DS) command performs the same function as pressing the TEXT OFF and STATUS/LOCAL buttons simultaneously. The communication interface parameters will not be changed. Command: "DS" CR Response: acknowledge Note: CR The is sent after the completion of the change to the default setups.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 11 GO to LOCAL GL Purpose: Puts the oscilloscope in the Local State. In the Local State, all oscilloscope functions are accessible via the front panel buttons and knobs. The Go to Local (GL) command performs the same function as pressing the STATUS/LOCAL key on the front panel of the oscilloscope, when the oscilloscope is in the Remote State (Refer also to "Go to Remote" and "Local Lockout").
6 - 12 THE CPL PROTOCOL GO to REMOTE GR Purpose: Puts the oscilloscope in the Remote State. In the Remote State none of the oscilloscope functions are accessible via the front panel buttons and knobs. Going back to the Local State is achieved by sending the Go to Local (GL) command or by pressing the STATUS/LOCAL key on the frontpanel (Refer also to "Local Lockout" and "Go to Local").
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 13 IDENTIFICATION ID Purpose: Returns the identification of the oscilloscope. It gives information about the model number, the version numbers of all software modules and the installed options. This Identification (ID) command gives the same information as can be read from the oscilloscope screen after pressing the frontpanel knob UTILITY and the softkey MAINTENANCE.
6 - 14 THE CPL PROTOCOL example response: FLUKE;PM 3380B;0;SW3394BI V4.0 1996-10-02;UHM V1.0;UFO V2.0;IEEE;EMCR 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 - manufacturer - model number of the oscilloscope - information about the oscilloscope software - information about the micro-controller software - information about the frontpanel control software - information about installed options, e.g.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 15 LOCAL LOCKOUT LL Purpose: This instruction will inhibit the Go to Local function of the STATUS/LOCAL key on the frontpanel. Once activated, the Local Lockout State is disabled by sending the Go to Local (GL), the Reset Instrument (RI) command or by cycling power OFF and ON. (Refer also to "Go to Remote" and "Go to Local"). There is no front panel equivalent for this command.
6 - 16 THE CPL PROTOCOL PROGRAM COMMUNICATION PC Purpose: To program baudrate, parity mode, number of data and stopbits and the handshake method for computer communication. After the command is sent, an will be returned with the old communication parameters still active. If the = 0, the new communication parameters will be valid approximately 0.5 seconds later. The communication parameters are stored in battery backup memory and restored on power-up.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 17 Response: acknowledge Note: CR approx. 0.5 sec after an = 0 is received, the communication parameters are changed to the new values. Example: 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 PAR$="2400,N,8,1" :’comm parameters CTL$=",XONXOFF" :’XONXOFF handshake PRINT #1,"PC",PAR$,CTL$ :’Send command GOSUB 1000 :’Sync on acknowledge CLOSE #1 :’Close the COM Port, WT=TIMER WHILE (TIMER-WT) < .5 : WEND :’Wait 0.
6 - 18 THE CPL PROTOCOL PROGRAM SETUP PS Purpose: To configure the oscilloscope using compact setup strings. This Program Setup (PS) command and the Query Setup (QS) command can be used together to restore and retrieve a complete setup or partial of the oscilloscope. The format of the programming strings must be the same as the format of the received setup strings. Each setup string describes a "node" in the oscilloscope setup.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 19 PROGRAM TEXT PT Purpose: To program text to an oscilloscope. If the S parameter is specified, setup text is programmed. The text will be set into one of the setup registers of the oscilloscope. The parameter n specifies the setup register. A maximum number of 22 characters is allowed. The remainder of the text field is set to ’spaces’. If the S parameter is not specified, user text is programmed. The text will be displayed on the screen of the oscilloscope.
6 - 20 THE CPL PROTOCOL "S" n char setup text will be specified for register n; if "S" and n are left out, user text is specified one of the setup registers, ranging from 0 to 10; n=0 selects the current setup a character byte; range = 0 to 12, 14 to 255 (refer to character code table 6.1) The following table contains the decimal codes of the character set for the screen of an oscilloscope: CHAR CHARACTER DESCRIPTION 0 ..
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 21 Examples: (of user text) 1) Program the following user text to be displayed on the screen of the oscilloscope: Measurement 15 100 110 120 130 2) PRINT GOSUB PRINT GOSUB #1,"PT" :’Program user Text command 1000 :’Sync on acknowledge #1,"Measurement 15":’Send user text 1000 :’Sync on acknowledge In the next example user text, containing non-keyboard characters (Ω=25 decimal and s =125 decimal), is programmed to be displayed on the screen of the oscilloscope, e.g.: Ohm(Ω),Up(s).
6 - 22 THE CPL PROTOCOL PROGRAM WAVEFORM PW Purpose: To send a waveform to the oscilloscope. This function is referred to as to Program a complete Waveform in the oscilloscope. A waveform is sent (programmed) in two command sequences. The first sequence selects the waveform register number, programs the waveform administration data, and programs the number of samples. The second sequence programs the samples, including a checksum. Each sequence is synchronized by an acknowledge response.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 23 wave_nr The oscilloscope waveform destination: 011 - 084 for m1.1 - m8.4 01e - 08e for m1.e - m8.e 091 - 504 for m9.1 - m50.4 (Extended Memory only) 09e - 50e for m9.e - m50.e (Extended Memory only) (xx.e for 2 ch. models only; xx.3 and xx.4 for 4 ch.
6 - 24 sample THE CPL PROTOCOL 2 bytes (Most Significant Byte + Least Significant Byte), representing the 16 bit sample value (bit 16 = -32768, bit 15 = 16384, ..., bit 1 = 1).
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 25 Example program: 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 COUNT=512 :’Number of samples PRINT "Generating trace samples ..." :’Display operator message DIM WAVE(2*COUNT) :’Declare waveform array FOR I=1 TO COUNT :’For all samples SAMPLE = INT(19200*SIN(I/40.744)) :’Generate sine value LSB = SAMPLE AND &HFF :’Calculate Least Sign.
6 - 26 THE CPL PROTOCOL QUERY MEASUREMENT QM Purpose: To obtain measurement data from an oscilloscope. If the V (Value) parameter is specified, one measured value will be returned. If the L (Logging) parameter is specified, an infinite number of measured values will be returned. Cancelling is possible by sending the ASCII character ESC. If no V or L parameter is specified, one measured value is returned, preceded by its type, and concluded by its suffix.
THE CPL PROTOCOL n 1 2 10 11 12 13 20 21 30 40 51 52 60 61 Notes: 6 - 27 meas_type 1) suffix_unit 1) variable variable dV V1 V2 Vdc dT F dX dPh T1-trg T2-trg FFT_freq FFT_ampl variable variable V V V V s Hz V o s s Hz dB/dBm/ dBµV/Vrms Note: measurement 1 measurement 2 delta Voltage between cursors Volt cursor 1 Volt cursor 2 Volt dc delta Time between cursors 2) Frequency (1/dT) delta X 3) Phase difference Time between cursor 1 and trigger Time between cursor 2 and trigger Frequency at cursor 4) Am
6 - 28 THE CPL PROTOCOL meas_type string of characters, specifying the type of the measured value, e.g. "Tr" meas_value string of characters, specifying the measured value in floating point notation, e.g.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 29 QUERY PRINT QP Purpose: To obtain the graphical data of the display from the oscilloscope. The Query Print (QP) command can be used to retrieve a complete display picture, which can be stored as a HPGL file in the PC. This file can then be used in for example FLUKEVIEW, Word Perfect or Word files. Command: "QP" 1 CR Response 1: acknowledge CR Response 2: print data null print data HPGL data bytes.
6 - 30 Example: THE CPL PROTOCOL Written in Quick Basic; CLS CLOSE OPEN “COM2:19200,N,8,1, CS0, DS0, CD0” FOR RANDOM AS #1 OPEN “HPGL.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 31 QUERY SETUP QS Purpose: To query the oscilloscope for its current setup. This Query Setup (QS) command and the Program Setup (PS) command can be used together in order to retrieve and restore a complete or partical setup of the oscilloscope. Optionally a parameter can be added to the command to query a particular part of the setup. When this parameter is omitted, the complete setup is returned.
6 - 32 THE CPL PROTOCOL Example: (Complete setup query) 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 DIM SETUP$[25] :’Reserve space PRINT #1,"QS" :’Send command GOSUB 1000 :’Sync on acknowledge INPUT #1,N :’Read number of node strings FOR I=1 TO N INPUT #1,SETUP$[I] :’Read all node strings PRINT "N= ";I;SETUP$[I] NEXT I example response: (PM3394) 11,0106hlhl.....,0206hlhl......,0306hlhl......CR **) ** ) These SETUP$ array elements can be stored and sent back later to the oscilloscope with the "PS" command.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 33 QUERY TEXT QT Purpose: To query text from an oscilloscope. If the S parameter is specified, setup text is returned. The text will be queried from one of the setup registers of the oscilloscope. The parameter n specifies the setup register. A text field of 22 characters is returned. If the S parameter is not specified, user text is returned. The text will be queried from the screen of the oscilloscope. A text field of 64 characters is returned. The parameter n may not be used.
6 - 34 THE CPL PROTOCOL Example: (of user text) Read the user text from the screen of an oscilloscope: 90 100 110 120 130 DIM USERTXT$ (64) PRINT #1,"QT" GOSUB 1000 LINE INPUT #1,USERTXT$ PRINT USERTXT$ :’Query user Text command :’Sync on acknowledge :’Read text characters :’Print user text The text on the screen of the oscilloscope will be printed, e.g.: Measurement 15 Note: The ASCII presentation of the oscilloscope character set is printed, e.g.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 35 QUERY WAVEFORM QW Purpose: To obtain a complete waveform from the oscilloscope. You can use the PW command to send the data received with the QW query back to the oscilloscope. The option ",A" can be used to recall the date and time in the customized format. When compatibility with initial versions of these oscilloscopes is required this ",A" option should be omitted.
6 - 36 THE CPL PROTOCOL wave_nr The oscilloscope waveform source: 001 - 004 for CH1 - CH4 00e for EXT TRIG 011 - 084 for m1.1 - m8.4 01e-08e for m1.e - m8.e 091 - 504 for m9.1 - m50.4 (Extended Memory only) 09e - 50e for m9.e - m50.e (Extended Memory only) (xx.e for 2 ch. versions only; xx3 and xx4 for 4 ch.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 37 Example: 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 PRINT #1,"QW";74 GOSUB 1000 INPUT #1,NM$ INPUT #1,YUNIT$ INPUT #1,XUNIT$ INPUT #1,YZERO INPUT #1,XZERO INPUT #1,YRESOL INPUT #1,XRESOL INPUT #1,YRANGE INPUT #1,DT$ INPUT #1,TM$ INPUT #1,DTC INPUT #1,MINMAX INPUT #1,RES1$ INPUT #1,RES2$ INPUT #1,RES3$ INPUT #1,RES4$ INPUT #1,COUNT DIM WAVE(2*COUNT) SUM=0 PRINT "Reading trace samples ...
6 - 38 THE CPL PROTOCOL Interpretation of waveform data As a response to the QW command the oscilloscope sends a set of data describing the waveform. The following example shows the interpretation of that data. The example assumes the Probe Adjust signal to be applied to input channel 1. For information about MATHPLUS, refer to the supplement for the operation guide. EXAMPLE: Settings Attenuator Coupling Offset Time base Delay 200 mV/div DC -1.5 div = -300 mV offset. 200 us/div -2.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 39 Definitions A waveform can be described as a set of two one dimensional arrays: S[1...N] and T[1...N]. The index n corresponds with the number of the samples and is an integer value in the range 1...N. The waveform of a sampled signal describes for a range of sample moments (T[1]...T[N]; usually expressed in seconds) the value of the signal at these moments (S[1]...S[N]; usually expressed in volts). A waveform is sometimes expressed in other units.
6 - 40 Time base THE CPL PROTOCOL In case of a sampled signal the horizontal scale is called the time base. The time base setting is usually expressed in seconds/division. Without magnification or compression the oscilloscope always displays 50 samples per horizontal division. Note: The horizontal scale as well as the FFT scale can differ. In that case it is expressed in X-units per division.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 41 RESET INSTRUMENT RI Purpose: Resets all of the software of the oscilloscope, including the CPL protocol handler and all of the input and output buffers. Oscilloscope settings remain the same. Interface parameters are not changed in order to keep the communication alive. When the Reset has been completed the oscilloscope responds with an . There is no frontpanel equivalent for this command.
6 - 42 THE CPL PROTOCOL RECALL SETUP RS Purpose: To recall an internally stored setup from one of 10 setup registers. This setup must have been stored in the oscilloscope manually or with the Save Setup (SS) command. The command performs the same as the frontpanel key SETUPS together with the softkey RECALL. Command: "RS" pds setup reg CR represents the setup register number ranging from 1...
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 43 SAVE SETUP SS Purpose: To save the current oscilloscope setup in one of 10 internal setup registers. This setup can be recalled manually or by sending the Recall Setup (RS) command. The command performs the same as the frontpanel key SETUPS together with the softkey SAVE. An execution error will be returned if the setup register is write protected. Command: "SS" pds setup reg CR represents the setup register number, ranging from 1 ...
6 - 44 THE CPL PROTOCOL STATUS ST Purpose: To obtain a more detailed status report. The response gives more information about the conditions, causing a wrong acknowledge. The status is returned as one or more signed decimal integers. Each bit of the equivalent 16-bit binary status word represents a status condition. If a bit is set, the corresponding status event has occurred. The 16-th (sign) bit of a status word indicates that another status word follows. The last status word is the error status.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 45 Example: 100 110 120 130 140 PRINT #1,"ST" GOSUB 1000 INPUT #1,STATUS IF STATUS < 0 THEN GOTO 120 GOSUB 2000 :’Send command :’Sync on acknowledge :’Read Status word :’Fetch next status :’Display Status ) example status: 6CR (= 0000000000000110 in binary) which means: (because bit 2 and bit 1 are set) - data out of range and - data format of the body is wrong *) See section 6.7 (STATUS) for program example.
6 - 46 THE CPL PROTOCOL TRIGGER ACQUISITION TA Purpose: To perform a software trigger. This command causes an acquisition or sweep to be started. It is the software equivalent of a normal trigger pulse. In the single shot mode the AT (Arm Trigger) command is sent to arm the triggering first.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 47 6.
6 - 48 THE CPL PROTOCOL 6.7 STATUS The Status word gives more information when the acknowledge is non- zero. A certain bit in the word can be found by performing a logical AND of the status word with the mask defined below.
THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 - 49 Example program to investigate status: 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100 PRINT "STATUS IS: ";STATUS PRINT "MEANING: "; IF (STATUS AND &H0001) > 0 THEN PRINT "UNKNOWN HEADER" IF (STATUS AND &H0002) > 0 THEN PRINT "WRONG DATA FORMAT" IF (STATUS AND &H0004) > 0 THEN PRINT "DATA OUT OF RANGE" IF (STATUS AND &H0020) > 0 THEN PRINT "INVALID # PARAMS" IF (STATUS AND &H0040) > 0 THEN PRINT "WRONG # DATABITS" IF (STATUS AND &H0200) > 0 THEN PRINT "CONFLICT SETTING" IF
6 - 50 THE CPL PROTOCOL 6.8 SETUP The Query Setup (QS) and Program Setup (PS) commands can be used together in order to retrieve and restore a complete or partical setup of the oscilloscope. When a setup is requested from the oscilloscope, it will send its setup as a sequence of strings. Each separate string describes a setup node. By adding a parameter to the QS command a particular setup node can be queried.
THE CPL PROTOCOL hex dec 13 19 6 - 51 meaning Events Trigger Delay settings (event counter low/high, trigger level low/high, trigger source, event bits, trigger coupling) 14 20 20 32 SCPI Trigger Settings (SCPI trigger source low/high) Cursor settings (V cursors on/off, T cursors on/off, rise time on/off, control V/T, Vpp on/off, rise time 10-90/20-80, readout Vpp/V+V-, cursors on/off, V readout delta/absolute/ratio, T readout delta/1/delta/ratio, channel FFT read out dBm/dBµV/Vrms, FFT reference
6 - 52 THE CPL PROTOCOL Applications: The setup nodes for different timebase settings can be stored separately. They can be used afterwards as fixed ’templates’ to change only the oscilloscope timebase setup. The layout of each setup node string is: nnllxxxxxx.......xx where all characters are in the hexadecimal range (0..9,A..F). Each pair forms the hexa-decimal representation of a byte, in high-low order (eg.
ACQUIRE MENU STRUCTURE Appendix A ACQUIRE menu structure DIGITAL MODE: ACQUIRE ACQUIRE TRACK AVERAGE 256 T PEAK DET on off ENVELOPE on off ST6565 9312 A-1
B-1 CURSORS menu structure Appendix B CURSORS menu structure ANALOG DIGITAL ANALOG CURSORS # CURSORS CURSORS on off on off # ch2 ch3 ch4 CURSORS on off # ch2 ch3 ch4 # ch2 ch3 ch4 CONTROL READOUT READOUT READOUT CURSORS READOUT CURSORS READOUT CURSORS READOUT ∆T 1/∆T ∆T-ratio ph T-trg ∆T=100% ∆T 1/∆T ∆T-ratio ph T-trg ∆T=360° ∆V V1&V2 ∆V-ratio ∆V V1&V2 ∆V-ratio ∆V=100% ∆V=100% cursor track yes no cursor track yes no RETURN RETURN CONTROL RETURN ST6567.
CURSORS menu structure CURSORS B-2 # CURSORS CURSORS on off on off # ch2 ch3 ch4 CURSORS on off # # ch2 ch3 ch4 select ∆ cursor trace ch2 ch3 ch4 select ∆ cursor trace READOUT READOUT READOUT CURSORS READOUT CURSORS READOUT CURSORS READOUT ∆T 1/∆T ∆T-ratio ph T-trg ∆T=100% ∆T 1/∆T ∆T-ratio ph T-trg ∆T=360° ∆T 1/∆T ∆T-ratio ph T-trg ∆T=100% ∆V V1&V2 ∆V-ratio ∆V V1&V2 ∆V-ratio ∆V V1&V2 ∆V-ratio ∆V=100% ∆V=100% ∆V=100% CONTROL cursor track yes no cursor track yes no RETURN RETUR
DISPLAY MENU STRUCTURE C-1 Appendix C DISPLAY menu structured DISPLAY ANALOG MODE: DISPLAY X-DEFL on off ANALOG X-SOURCE X-DEFL TEXT ch1 ch2 ch3 ch4 line RETURN TRACK USE: for Position ∆ DISPLAY for Character DIGITAL MODE: DISPLAY WINDOWS on off TRACK VERT MAGNIFY off T X vs Y TEXT dots lineair sine X vs Y TEXT EDIT USER TEXT T on off TRIG IND on off on off GND IND on off space REGISTER TRACK acq m1 T m2 USER TEXT X SOURCE delete m3.1 m3.2 m3.
D-1 MATHEMATICS MENU STRUCTURE Appendix D MATHEMATICS menu structure MATH MATH MATH MATH n MATH 1 m1= MATH 2 m2= filter acq add sub mul filter ch1 * ch2 on off on off SCALE T ∆ DISPLAY SOURCE yes no PARAM T DISPLAY SOURCE yes no MATH 2 MATH 1 TRACK OFFSET ∆ 26.8mU T ch2 ∆ ∆ ENTER MATH SCALE 1 DIV= T 21.
MEASURE MENU STRUCTURE Appendix E MEASURE menu structure E-1
F-1 DTB (DEL’D TB) menu structure Appendix F DTB (DEL’D TB) menu structure (TB MODE) EVENTS DELAY OFF ON DTB DELAYED TIMEBASE (TRIGGER) TV OFF ON DELAY TB on off MAIN TB on off starts trig’d TRACE T SEP LEVEL 125mV ∆ ac dc lf-rej hf-rej DELAYED TIMEBASE DELAY TB on off MAIN TB on off TRACK ∆ TRACK TRACE T SEP ST6564 9303
SAVE/RECALL MENU STRUCTURE Appendix G SAVE/RECALL menu structure G-1
H-1 SETUPS MENU STRUCTURE Appendix H SETUPS menu structure SETUPS FRONT SETUPS TRACK std s1 T s2 recall CLEAR& PROTECT SETUPS TRACK std s1 T s2 PROTECT on off CLEAR SETUPS CONFIRM undo yes save clear TEXT clear all CLEAR& PROTECT RETURN CLEAR SETUPS CONFIRM yes ARE YOU SURE ? OVERRULE PROTECT? no no TRACK USE: SETUP TEXT T ∆ EDIT USE: space for Position for Character delete insert ENTER ST6746 9303
TB MODE MENU STRUCTURE J-1 Appendix J TB MODE menu structure TB MODE ANALOG: TB MODE EVENT DELAY auto trig single on off COUNT T 1022 LEVEL ∆ +99.
K-1 TRIGGER menu structure Appendix K TRIGGER menu structure TRIGGER ANALOG MODE: TRIGGER MAIN TB TRIGGER MAIN TB TRIGGER MAIN TB edge tv edge tv edge tv ch3 line field 1 field 2 lines field 1 field 2 lines TRACK LINE NBR 32 T level-pp on off ANALOG noise on off ac dc lf-rej hf-rej TRIGGER pos neg VIDEO SYSTEM hdtv DIGITAL MODE: TRIGGER MAIN TB edge tv logic ch3 line level-pp on off noise on off 1) 1) ac dc lf-rej hf-rej 1) pos neg VIDEO SYSTEM hdtv TRIGGER MAIN TB edge tv logic field
TRIGGER menu structure K-2 VIDEO SYSTEM hdtv ntsc pal secam LINES 1050 1125 1250 ENTER TRIGGER MAIN TB TRIGGER MAIN TB TRIGGER MAIN TB edge tv logic state pattern glitch edge tv logic state pattern glitch edge tv logic state pattern glitch LHxH LHxH enter exit if >t1 if t1 if t1
L-1 Appendix L UTILITY menu structure UTILITY menu structure
UTILITY menu structure L-2
M-1 VERTICAL MENU STRUCTURE Appendix M VERTICAL menu structure VERT MENU VERTICAL MENU BW LIMIT on off 50Ω CH1 on off 50Ω CH2 on off 50Ω CH3 on off 50Ω CH4 on off ST7412 9312
RS-232 CABLE CONFIGURATIONS N-1 Appendix N RS-232 Cable configurations This appendix supplies additional information about the RS-232 cable configurations between the oscilloscope and a connected device. The oscilloscope and most of the devices are Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) configurated. Communication lines: TxD = Transmitted Data RxD = Received Data RTS = Request To Send CTS = Clear To Send DTR = Data Terminal Ready DSR = Data Set Ready (= Modem Ready) DCD = Data Carrier Detect S.
N-2 RS-232 CABLE CONFIGURATIONS B. Cable to printer/plotter with hardware handshake parameters: "3-wire/7-wire" = 7-wire "XON-XOFF on off" = on or off OSCILLOSCOPE (DTE) PRINTER/PLOTTER (DTE) SIGNAL 9 PIN (female) 9 PIN (male) 25 PIN (male) TxD 3 3 2 RxD 2 2 3 RfR 7 7 4 CTS 8 8 5 DTR 4 4 20 DSR 6 6 6 DCD 1 1 8 S.GND 5 5 7 F.GND CASE CASE 1 ST6921 C.
APPENDIX P P-1 Appendix P CHANNELS SIMULTANEOUSLY SAMPLED AT 100 MS/s The scope has two 8-bit flash analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), each with a maximum sample rate of 100 MS/s. This allows two channels to be captured simultaneously in single shot mode, with sample rates of up to 100 MS/s for each channel. The horizontal resolution is then 10 ns (i.e., 1/100 MS/s).
P-2 APPENDIX P CHANNEL ACQUISITIONS For three- or four-channel acquisition, the ADCs are used in conjunction with the chopped mode or alternate mode. In the chopped mode the first ADC takes a single sample on channel 1, then one on channel 3, then one on channel 1 again and so on. The second ADC chops between channels 2 and 4. The chopping rate is so high that the effective sample rate is 5 MS/s on four channels in parallel.
APPENDIX P P-3 EXPANSION AND INTERPOLATION Sometimes there is a need to look at a single shot or low repetition rate signal at high timebase speed. This can be done by selecting the ‘real time sampling only’ mode in the Main Time Base menu. In this mode the scope never switches to random sampling. In order to capture a longer time ‘window’ than would be accessible with the given time base speed, the Main Time Base mode menu allows you to select a longer acquisition length.
FUNCTION INDEX FUNCTION INDEX (see Chapter 5) ACQUISITION LENGTH ADD INVERT SUBTRACT ADD (MATHEMATICS) ALT/CHOP ANALOG MODE AUTO RANGE AUTOSET AUTOSET RECALL SEQUENCE AUTOSET USERPROG AVERAGE BANDWITH LIMITER CALIBRATION AUTOCAL CHANNEL TRACE SELECTION CONFIDENCE CHECK CURSORS CURSORS READOUT DELAY DELAY MEASUREMENT DEL’D TB DIGITAL MODE DISPLAY MENU ENVELOPE EXTERNAL TRIGGER FILTER GLITCH TRIGGER HOLD OFF INPUT ATTENUATOR INPUT COUPLING INPUT IMPEDANCE LOGIC TRIGGER I-1
I-2 MAGNIFY HORIZONTAL MAGNIFY VERTICAL MAIN TB TIME/DIV MATHEMATICS MEASURE MENU MULTIPLY PEAK DETECTION POSITION POWER SUPPLY PRINTING AND PLOTTING PROBE UTILITIES REMOTE CONTROL RUN/STOP SCREEN CONTROLS AND GRATICULE SCREEN MESSAGES SETUPS SETUPS RECALL SEQUENCE STANDARD FRONT/FRONT PANEL RESET STATUS SCREEN SUBTRACT (MATHEMATICS) TB MODE TEXT OFF TIME MEASUREMENTS TOUCH,HOLD & MEASURE MODE TRIGGER COUPLING TRIGGER DEL’D TB TRIGGER LEVEL TRIGGER MAIN TB TV TRIGGER USERTEXT UTILITY MENU UTILITY SCREEN &
FUNCTION INDEX I-3 INDEX The overall index contains all function names and reference words in alphabetical order. It refers to the relevant section and page number, mainly of Chapter 5 (Function Reference). In this chapter more detailed information can be found. Entry Refer to chapter/function Page 50Ω 1 MΩ 5 5 INPUT IMPEDANCE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-41 INPUT IMPEDANCE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-41 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4.3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4.16 5 5 5 5 INPUT COUPLING . . . . . . .
I-4 FUNCTION INDEX Entry Refer to chapter/function Clock Command switch Common mode Confidence Cursor limited measurements 5 5 5 5 PRINTING AND PLOTTING. . . . . . . . . . . . 5-55 TOUCH, HOLD & MEASURE ™ MODE . . 5-78 ADD INVERT SUBTRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4 CONFIDENCE CHECK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18 5 5 5 0 5 5 MEASURE MENU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-47 TIME MEASUREMENS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-76 VOLT MEASUREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-93 . . . . .
FUNCTION INDEX Entry I-5 Refer to chapter/function Page G Glitch Glitch trigger GND 5 5 5 PEAK DETECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-51 GLITCH TRIGGER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-36 INPUT COUPLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-40 5 5 5 4.5 4.8 PRINTING AND PLOTTING . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-53 VOLT MEASUREMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-92 HOLD OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-37 HORIZONTAL DEFLECTION . . . . . . . . . . .
I-6 FUNCTION INDEX Entry Refer to chapter/function Page Memory Memory back-up Memory bar Memory expansion Minimum voltage Multiply 4.9 2.2 5 5 5 5 MEMORY FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-49 MEMORY BACK-UP BATTERIES . . . . . . . . 2-3 CURSORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19 ACQUISITION LENGTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 VOLT MEASUREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-92 MULTIPLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-49 5 VOLT MEASUREMENTS . . . .
FUNCTION INDEX Entry I-7 Refer to chapter/function Page S Safety Sampling Save Screen Setting the clock Setups Single shot Sound Statistics Status Subtract 1 5 OPERATORS SAFETY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 TIMEBASE MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-73 APPENDIX N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N-1 5 SETUPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-67 5 SCREEN CONTROLS AND GRATICULE . 5-62 5 SCREEN MESSAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I-8 FUNCTION INDEX U User text 5 USER TEXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-87 4.4 4.7 5 5 5 5 5 VERTICAL DEFLECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . ADVANCED VERTICAL FUNCTIONS . . . . DISPLAY MENU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CURSORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CURSORS READOUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MEASURE MENU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VOLT MEASUREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5 CPL PROTOCOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
