Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc 8.4 VOR The VOR page of the Waypoint Info function provides a variety of detailed information about the VOR. The top left area of the page displays the VOR identifier, name, city and state, and region. The top center area shows the lat/lon coordinates of the VOR and the bearing (with direction arrow) and distance to the VOR from your present position. The top right area shows the frequency in a key.
8.5 NDB Foreword The NDB page of the Waypoint Info function provides a variety of detailed information about the NDB. The top left area of the page displays the NDB identifier, name, city and state, and region. The top center area shows the lat/lon coordinates of the NDB and the bearing (with direction arrow) and distance to the NDB from your present position. The top right area shows the frequency in a key.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info 8.6 User Waypoints (User) In addition to the airport, VOR, NDB and intersection information contained in your Jeppesen NavData® card, the GTN 7XX allows you to store up to 1,000 user-defined waypoints. The User Waypoint Page displays the waypoint name (up to six characters long), identifier and radial from two reference waypoints, distance from one reference waypoint, along with the user waypoint’s lat/lon position.
8.6.1 Select User Waypoint By Name Foreword 1. While viewing the User Waypoint page, touch the User Waypoint Name. 8.6.2 Getting Started 2. Use the keypad to select the characters for the name and then touch Enter. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Select User Waypoint From A List Com/Nav 1. While viewing the Waypoint Info page, touch the User Waypoint key. 2. Touch the View All key and then use the Up and Down keys to view the waypoints on the list.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 8.7 Create Waypoint User waypoints are created from the Create User Waypoint page. To create a new user waypoint, simply enter its name (identifier) and position, or reference another waypoint by radial and distance.
4. Touch the Comment key to add a short comment for the new waypoint. 5. Touch the Position Type key and then Lat/Lon, Radial/Radial, or Radial/Distance to assign the type. See the following instructions for more detail. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Touch to Select the Desired Waypoint Position Type FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Figure 8-22 Waypoint Info - Create User Position Type 6. If desired, touch the Temporary? key to create the waypoint for only temporary use.
Foreword 8.7.2 Waypoint Location Based on Lat/Lon Coordinates 1. From the Create User Waypoint page, touch the Position Type key and then the Lat/Lon key. Then, touch the Latitude/ Longitude value key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Touch to Select Lat/Lon Waypoint Reference Type Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Figure 8-23 Waypoint Info - Create User Waypoint Type - Lat/Lon 2. The Lat/Lon coordinate values will be highlighted.
Even when the hemisphere values are highlighted, touching the numeric keys will always place the cursor at the first numeric value. The Large knob may also be used for cursor movement and characters are selected with the Small knob. NOTE: When editing values, turn the Large knob counter-clockwise to backspace or move the cursor to the left. 4. As each value is selected, the cursor will advance to the next character. Touch the necessary key for the desired values. 5.
Foreword 8.7.4 Waypoint Location Based on Radial and Distance 1. From the Create User Waypoint page, touch the Position Type key and then the Radial/Distance key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Touch to Select Radial/Distance Waypoint Reference Type FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 8-26 Waypoint Info - Create User Waypoint Type - Radial/Distance 2. From the Create User Waypoint page, touch the Ref Wpt key and use the alphanumeric keypad to select the desired identifier. Charts Wpt Info Map 3.
8.8 Import User Waypoints (SD Card) The GTN can import user generated waypoints from a file on the SD card. The created waypoints will be at the latitude and longitude specified in the file with the specified name and comment. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl NOTE: This feature is available in software version 5.10 and later. When a user waypoint file is on the SD card, a key will be available on the Waypoint Info page for importing user waypoints. 1.
4. The pilot is informed of the status of the user waypoint import via one of the following system messages. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Message USER WAYPOINT IMPORT - User waypoints were imported successfully. USER WAYPOINT IMPORT - User waypoint import failed. USER WAYPOINT IMPORT - User waypoint import failed. User waypoint database is full. USER WAYPOINT IMPORT - User waypoints imported successfully existing waypoints reused.
9 MAP Foreword The Map page is used to provide situational awareness in flight. The Map page can display the following information: • Airports, NAVAIDs, airspace, airways, land data (highways, cities, lakes, rivers, borders, etc.) with names • Wind direction and speed • Icons for enabled map features • Aircraft icon (with the nose representing present position) • Topography scale • Topography data Audio & Xpdr Ctrl • NEXRAD (or Precip) Weather (Opt.
15 kts groundspeed, the directional ownship icon is replaced with a non-directional icon because it can't be determined if the rotorcraft is going sideways or backwards. The map will continue to orient to the current track if the map is selected for Track Up. If the map is oriented to track up, then below 5 kts groundspeed the map orientation will "latch" to the last valid track prior to the groudspeed going below 5 kts. The map will reorient when the groundspeed again exceeds 5 kts.
NOTE: NEXRAD (or PRECIP) and Radar may not be shown at the same time. 9.1 Foreword Getting Started Map Menu The Map Menu provides the ability to modify and control the information displayed on the Map page. • Map Overlays are selected to overlay various types of information over the base map. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL • Map Setup modifies the display of other map features.
3. Touch the Back key to return to the Map page. Any changes made will be retained until changed. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 9.1.1 Map Overlays Map Overlays are layers of information that are referenced to geographic location and are overlayed on the base map. A green bar will appear below the Map Overlay key text when the overlay is selected, except for Airways and NEXRAD.
9.1.1.2 Topo The Topo Data option selects whether the colored topographical features are displayed. Traffic, Land Data, Terrain, and Obstacles will still be displayed even with Topo Data turned off. 1. While viewing the Map Menu, touch the TOPO Map Overlay key to toggle the Topo setting. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Topo Map Overlay Off Topo Map Overlay On Figure 9-4 Topo Map Overlay Selections 2.
Foreword Low Airway (Grey) Getting Started High Airway (Green) Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Active Flight Plan Leg FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 9-5 Map Menu Airways Map Overlay Selection 2. Low Airways are shown as grey lines. High Airways are shown as green lines. Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 9-6 190-01007-03-Final.indb 6 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev.
9.1.1.4 Terrain The Terrain Data option selects whether Terrain Data is shown on the Map page. Terrain and NEXRAD weather may not be displayed at the same time. Selecting one will disable the other. A Terrain icon will indicate that the Terrain overlay has been selected. Terrain overlay colors may or may not be shown depending on the altitude of the aircraft. 1. While viewing the Map Menu, touch the Terrain Map Overlay key to toggle the view of Terrain data.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 9.1.1.5 NEXRAD (Optional) The NEXRAD menu option allows the display of NEXRAD Precip weather information overlayed on the Map page. Terrain and NEXRAD Precip weather may not be displayed at the same time. Selecting one will disable the other. NEXRAD Precip weather is an optional feature that requires the installation of a GDL 69/69A, GDL 88, or GSR 56 and an appropriate Weather subscription. Only one weather source can be displayed at a time (i.e.
9.1.1.6 Charts (Optional) The Charts menu option allows the display of Charts overlayed on the Map page. The Charts Map Overlay option selects whether Chart data is shown on the Map page. Charts may or may not be shown depending on the other aircraft's location. The ownship icon will be shown over an available chart. See the Charts section for more detail.
While viewing the Map Menu, touch the Charts Map Overlay key to toggle the view of the Charts overlay. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Chart Overlay Selected In The Map Menu Com/Nav Ownship Located on Chart Overlay FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Figure 9-8 Map Menu Charts Map Overlay "On" Selection Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 9-10 190-01007-03-Final.indb 10 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev.
9.1.1.7 StormScope® (Optional) The WX-500 StormScope Weather Mapping Sensor is a passive weather avoidance system that detects electrical discharges associated with thunderstorms within a 200 NM radius of the aircraft. The StormScope measures relative bearing and distance of thunderstorm-related electrical activity and reports the information to the display. Stormscope and XM Lightning are mutually exclusive. NOTE: Refer to the WX-500 Pilot’s Guide for a detailed description of the WX-500 StormScope. 1.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 9.1.1.8 Radar (Optional) The Radar setting set on the Weather Radar page, such as Tilt, Range, etc., will be used for the radar overlay on the Map page. NEXRAD/PRECIP and the Radar overlay may not be shown at the same time. While viewing the Map Menu, touch the Radar Map Overlay key to toggle the view of airborne Radar data.
Orientation North Up Above Auto Zoom Auto Zoom Min Auto Zoom Max Nav Range Ring Fuel Range Ring Fuel Reserve Time Topo Scale Point Obstacle Rng Wire Obstacle Rng Chart Color Restore Defaults Airport Range SafeTaxi Diagrams Runway Extensions Intersection Range NDB Range VOR Range User Waypoint Range Airway Range TFRs Restore Defaults Road Detail City Detail State/Province Names River/Lake Detail Restore Defaults Smart Airspace Show Airspaces Class B/TMA Range Class C/TCA Range Class D Range Restricted Rang
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl The Map page is customized by selecting groups from the Map Menu. The Map Menu groups include choices for Map, Aviation, Land, Airspace, Traffic, and Weather groups depending on the installed equipment of a given aircraft. Each group has a list of options that vary with the group. 1. While viewing the Map page, touch the Menu key. Then, touch the Map Setup key. The Map Setup page will be displayed.
9.1.2.1 Map The Map option defines the behavior and display of information on the Map page such as: Orientation, North Up Above, Auto Zoom, Nav Range Ring, Topo Scale, Obstacle Range, and Restore Defaults. The default values are shown in bold type.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Map Orientation The Map Orientation selection sets the orientation of the Map page. Selections are North Up, Track Up, and Heading Up. A Map Orientation label is shown below the North indicator (reference to True North) in the top left corner of the Map page.
NOTE: Rotorcraft use a Local Auto Zoom function where Auto Zoom will remain at the 1500 ft zoom scale until the rotorcraft is above 400 ft GSL or 40 kts. Auto Zoom Min Set the limit that the display will zoom in automatically. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Selected Minimum Auto Zoom Range Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Figure 9-17 Map Setup Minimum Auto Zoom Range Traffic Auto Zoom Max Set the limit that the display will zoom out automatically.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Nav Range Ring When turned on, the Nav Range Ring option will show a ring with a compass rose oriented to magnetic north around your present position on the Map page. When selected ON, the Enhanced Range Ring function provides a second ring at 1/2 the distance of the primary ring to allow the pilot to acccurately judge distance to objects depicted on the map.
Foreword Total Endurance Range Total Endurance Time Range To Reserve Fuel Time To Reserve Fuel Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Figure 9-20 Fuel Range Ring TOPO Scale The Topo Scale option selects whether the elevation scale for topographical features on the Map page is displayed. The scale will be located on the left side of the display.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Point Obstacle Range The Point Obstacle Range option selects whether the Point Obstacle Data is shown on the Map page at and below the selected Point Obstacle range. Map ranges above this value will not show the Point Obstacle Data. An obstacle with an asterisk indicates a group of the same obstacle type.
Grouped obstacles are shown with an asterisk. The color of the asterisks is tied to the relative altitude of the highest obstacle in the group, not other obstacles within that group. Obstacles are grouped when they would otherwise overlap. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 1. While viewing the Map function, touch the Menu key. Com/Nav 2. Touch the Map Setup key. FPL 3. Under the Map tab touch the Point Obstacle Range key and select the maximum range where obstacles will be displayed.
Selected Obstacle Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Selected Obstacle Info and Type FPL Direct-To Touch to Step to the Next Nearby Obstacle Obstacle Location Detail Figure 9-23 Point Obstacle Detail Proc Wire Obstacle Range Charts Wpt Info The Wire Obstacle Range option selects whether the power lines are shown on the Map page at and below the selected Wire Obstacle range. Map ranges above this value will not show the Wire Obstacle Data.
Chart Color Scheme The Chart Color Scheme setting changes the day and night view of the Chart Overlay colors on the Map page. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 9-25 Chart Color Scheme Settings Restore Defaults Charts Returns values to the original factory settings. 9.1.2.
Foreword Feature Getting Started VOR Range Audio & Xpdr Ctrl User Wpt Range Com/Nav FPL Airway Range TFR Restore Defaults Selection Off, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM, 40 NM, 50 NM, 75 NM, 100 NM Off, 0.75 NM, 1 NM, 1.5 NM, 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM, 7.5 NM, 10 NM, 15 NM, 25 NM, 40 NM, 50 NM, 75 NM, 100 NM 2.5 NM, 4 NM, 5 NM, 7.
9.1.2.3 Land The Land Data option selects whether detailed land features, such as Freeways, National Highways, Local Roads, Cities, States/Provinces, and Rivers/Lakes are displayed. Topo features, traffic, terrain, and obstacles will still be displayed, even with Land Data turned off. The options for each feature are shown in the following table. The default values are shown in bold type.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Airspace Labels NOTE: This feature is available in software version 5.10 and later when configured by the installer. The Airspace Label feature shows the airspace altitude limits within the selected range.
To control the display of European airway airspaces: 1. While viewing the Map Setup Airspaces option, touch the Other/ADIZ Range key and select a value. 2. Select Off for the Other/ADIZ Range to turn off the display of airway airspaces. Airway Airspaces - On Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Airway Airspaces - Off Airway Airspaces - On Figure 9-28 Selecting the Display of European Airway Airspaces Wpt Info 9.1.2.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 9.1.2.6 Weather (Optional) The Weather group selection from the Map Setup Page Menu allows you to customize the overlay of the available weather information on the Map page. Weather is an optional feature that requires an external weather source, which must be selected to allow the overlay.
9.1.3 Change User Fields Foreword The Change User Fields selection allows you to configure the Data, Function, and Page field type shown in each of the four corners of the Map page. The information shown in each field may be selected from a list after Change User Fields is selected. 1. While viewing the Map page, touch the Menu key. 2. From the Map Menu screen, touch the Change User Fields key.
3. Touch the corner data field key you want to select. Touch the Data, Function, or Page keys to select the User Field type. A list of information types will be displayed. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Touch To Select Data, Function, or Page Field Type List. Touch To Select Data Field Slider Indicates More Selections Available. Press Finger and Slide To View More Selections. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Selected Field Type Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Figure 9-30 Map Data Field Type Selections 4.
Map Data Field Type ACTV WPT - Active Waypoint B/D APT - BRG/DIS from Dest APT 1 BRG - Bearing to Current Waypoint DIS - Distance to Current Waypoint DIS to Dest - Distance to Destination 2 DTK - Desired Track ESA - Enroute Safe Altitude ETA - Estimated Time of Arrival ETA at Dest - ETA at Destination ETE - Estimated Time Enroute ETE to Dest - ETE to Destination Fuel Flow - Total Fuel Flow GS - GPS Ground Speed GSL - GPS Altitude Generic Timer - Timer Display Foreword MSA - Minimum Safe Altitude OAT (sta
Map Page Field Type Foreword Charts - Charts Page Flight Plan - Flight Plan Page Map - Map Page Nearest - Nearest Page NEAR APT - Nearest Airport Page PROC - Procedures Page Approach - Approach Page Arrival - Arrival Page Departure - Departure Page Services - Services Page Traffic - Traffic Page Terrain - Terrain Page Utilities - Utilities Page Checklist - Checklist Page Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Table 9-16 Map Page Field Types of Information Map Traffic
1. While viewing the Map page, touch the Menu key. 2. While viewing the Map Menu, touch the Map Detail scale and slide your finger to adjust the level. Features marked with a • are shown at the indicated Map Detail Level.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 9.2 Map Panning In the Map Page function, panning allows you to move the map beyond its current limits without adjusting the map scale. The panning function is selected by simply touching the Map display. The In and Out keys at the lower right corner of the page control the map range. Touching the display momentarily switches the display to Map Pan Mode. While in Map Pan Mode, touch the display gently and drag your finger to pan around the map. FPL 1.
Foreword Getting Started Next Nearest Item Highlighted Cursor Location Aircraft Present Position Touch To Step To Items Near The Cursor Touch To Edit FPL On The Display Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Info On Pan Mode Annunciation and Bearing and Distance To The Cursor From Present Selected Item Position And Elevation At The Cursor Charts Figure 9-33 Map Panning With Next Airspace Shown Wpt Info 3. Touch the Airspace Info (Item) key for more information about the selected item.
4. While pressing your finger gently against the display, drag your finger across the display to scroll the display in the direction of your finger movement. The Map Pointer cross hair location is based on where your finger touches the display, but after dragging your finger the Map Pointer will be centered on the map when your finger is lifted from the display.
9.3 Map Controls While in the Map page function, several controls are available to manage the view and display of information. The In and Out keys at the lower right corner of the page control the map range. Touching the display momentarily switches the display to Map Pan Mode. While in any of the Map function pages, touching the display starts Pan Mode. Options are available to Create a waypoint at the Map Pointer position and to Graphically Edit Flight Plan. 9.3.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 9.3.3 Graphically Edit Flight Plan Mode The Edit Flight Plan Mode allows making quick changes to the active flight plan directly on the display. The process is simply touching the display to start Map Pan Mode, touching the Graphically Edit FPL key, dragging the desired leg to a new waypoint or airway, and touching the Done key. At any point, a step may be removed by touching the Undo key or the whole process ended by touching the Cancel key.
3. Drag the flight plan leg to a new waypoint, or airway, to add a waypoint, or airway, to the active flight plan. The flight plan leg being edited will turn cyan. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl New FPL Waypoint Com/Nav FPL Active Flight Plan Leg Direct-To Proc Touch To Cancel Changes And Return To Map Display Charts Figure 9-39 Drag Selected Leg of Flight Plan to New Waypoint 4. Touch the Done key. The aircraft will now navigate according to the new flight plan.
Foreword 9.3.3.2 Adding a Waypoint to the End of an Existing Flight Plan 1. Touch the Map page display. The Map Mode selection keys will appear. Touch the Graphically Edit FPL key. 2. Touch a waypoint that you want to add to the end of the flight plan. 3. Touch the Done key to accept the changes and return to the Map page. 9.3.3.3 Removing a Waypoint from an Existing Flight Plan 1. Touch the Map page display. The Map Mode selection keys will appear. Touch the Graphically Edit FPL key. 2.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav New FPL Waypoint FPL Touch To Undo Last Step Direct-To Proc Figure 9-42 Start New Flight Plan with Origin Waypoint 3. Touch a waypoint, or airway, on the map for the next waypoint, or airway, in the flight plan. Continue adding waypoints, or airways, as needed.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 9.4 CDI (GTN 750 only) The GTN 750's CDI key is used to select data that is sent from the GPS or VLOC receiver to the external CDI (or HSI). When the external CDI (or HSI) is connected to the GPS receiver, “GPS” appears below the CDI key in the annunciation bar. When the external CDI (or HSI) is being driven by the VLOC receiver, “VLOC” appears instead.
9.5 OBS Foreword The OBS key is used to select manual or automatic sequencing of waypoints. Touching this key selects OBS mode, which retains the current “active to” waypoint as your navigation reference even after passing the waypoint (i.e., prevents sequencing to the next waypoint). Touching the OBS key again returns to normal operation, with automatic sequencing of waypoints.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 9.6 Map Symbols Various symbols are used to distinguish between waypoint types. The identifiers for any on-screen waypoints can also be displayed. Special-use and controlled airspace boundaries appear on the map, showing the individual sectors in the case of Class B, Class C, or Class D airspace.
10 TRAFFIC Foreword The Traffic function displays available traffic information depending on your installed equipment to assist in situational awareness. The features and operation depend on the capabilities and options of each type of traffic system. NOTE: The reference point for the ownship is the nose of the ownship aircraft symbol (either miniature aircraft or triangle). The reference point for all traffic icons is the center of the depicted traffic. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 1.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 10.2 Traffic Test The Traffic Test function is only available on some traffic systems. The aircraft must be on the ground and Traffic Status must be in Standby. 1. Touch the Test key to activate the test function in the Traffic equipment. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Test Traffic Status Wpt Info Touch For Traffic Test While In Standby Traffic Status Map Figure 10-2 Traffic Test Mode Traffic 2.
10.3 Traffic Information Service (TIS) (Optional) Foreword WARNING: The Traffic Information Service (TIS) is intended for advisory use only. TIS is intended to help the pilot locate traffic visually. It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. NOTE: TIS is available only when the aircraft is within the service volume of a TIS-capable terminal radar site. Aircraft without an operating transponder are invisible to both Traffic Advisory Systems (TAS) and TIS.
Foreword Getting Started 10.3.1 TIS Symbology Traffic is displayed according to TCAS symbology using three different symbols. TIS Symbol Description Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Non-Threat Traffic Com/Nav Traffic Advisory (TA) FPL Direct-To Traffic Advisory Off Scale Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index Table 10-1 TIS Traffic Symbols Traffic Advisories (TA) alert the crew to intruding aircraft.
10.3.2 Traffic Page Foreword The Traffic Map Page is configured to show surrounding TIS traffic data in relation to the aircraft’s current position and altitude, without clutter from the basemap. Aircraft orientation on this map is always heading up unless there is no valid heading. The traffic mode is annunciated in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page. When the aircraft is on the ground, TIS automatically enters Standby Mode.
Foreword 10.3.3 Displaying Traffic on the Traffic Page 1. From the Home page, touch the Traffic key. Getting Started 2. Confirm TIS is in Operating Mode. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 3. Touch the Traffic Status key to toggle between Operate and Standby mode. Com/Nav FPL 10.3.4 Direct-To Altitude Display 1. While viewing the Traffic page, touch the Operate key to begin displaying traffic. “Operate” is displayed in the Traffic Status field. Proc 2.
Altitude Mode Below Normal Above Unrestricted Displayed Traffic Range -9900 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 9900 ft All Traffic Shown Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Table 10-2 Displayed Traffic Range 10.3.5 Com/Nav TIS Limitations FPL NOTE: This section on TIS Limitations is not comprehensive. Garmin recommends the user review the TIS Limitations section of the Aeronautical Information Manual, Section 1-3-5.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Garmin is not responsible for Mode S geographical coverage. Operation of the ground stations is the responsibility of the FAA. Refer to the Aeronautical Information Manual for a Terminal Mode S Radar Site Map covering the U.S. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To NOTE: TIS will be unavailable at low altitudes in many areas of the U.S., particularly in mountainous regions.
10.3.6 TIS Alerts Foreword When the number of Traffic Advisories (TAs) on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A single “Traffic” voice alert is generated. • A TRAFFIC Annunciation appears at the bottom of the display, flashing for 5 seconds and remaining displayed until no TAs are detected in the area. To reduce the number of nuisance alerts due to proximate aircraft, the “Traffic” voice alert is generated only when the number of TAs increases.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 10.3.7 TIS System Status The GTN 7XX performs an automatic test of TIS during power-up. If TIS passes the test, TIS enters Standby Mode on the ground or Operating Mode in the air. If TIS fails the power up test, an annunciation is shown in the center of the Traffic Map Page. Contact a service center or Garmin dealer for corrective action for a failure message.
The annunciations that indicate the status of traffic information appear in a banner at the bottom center of maps on which traffic can be displayed. Traffic Status Banner Annunciation Foreword Getting Started Description Audio & Xpdr Ctrl The displayed data is not current (6 to 12 seconds since last message). Traffic Coast 9 SEC The quality of displayed traffic information is reduced when this message is displayed. Traffic is removed because it is too old for coasting (12 to 60 seconds since last message).
Foreword 10.4 NOTE: TIS and Traffic Advisory System (TAS) may not both be configured at the same time. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To TAS Traffic (Optional) TAS data comes from a TAS unit such as a Garmin GTS 800 or 820, Skywatch 497, KTA 810, or other unit. Refer to the appropriate Traffic Advisory System’s Pilot’s Guides for a detailed discussion of the respective traffic advisory system. The type of traffic systems that is installed is described by the Traffic Page keys.
10.4.1 TAS Symbology Foreword Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is designed to help in detection and avoidance of other aircraft. TAS uses an on-board interrogator-processor to detect traffic. Only aircraft with operating transponders will be detected. Traffic is displayed according to TCAS symbology using four different symbols.
Foreword Getting Started 10.4.2 Displaying and Operating Traffic (TAS Systems) The unit must be in Operating mode for traffic to be displayed. The ability to switch from Standby to Operating mode on the ground is especially useful for scanning the airspace around the airport before takeoff.
10.4.2.2 Range Ring Foreword Touching the In and Out keys will zoom in and out in preset steps depending on the installed equipment as shown in the following table.
Altitude Mode Below Normal Above Unrestricted Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Table 10-8 Displayed Traffic Range Com/Nav FPL 10.4.4 Traffic System Status NOTE: Refer to the equipment documentation for information on the self-test and operating modes. Direct-To Proc Displayed Traffic Range -9900 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 9900 ft All Traffic Shown The Traffic Status is indicated in the lower left corner of the Traffic Page.
The annunciations to indicate the status of traffic information appear in a banner at the lower left corner of maps on which traffic can be displayed. Traffic Status Banner Annunciation TA 6.0 + 03 Failed Data Fail No Data Foreword Getting Started Description Audio & Xpdr Ctrl System cannot determine bearing of Traffic Advisory. Annunciation indicates distance in NM, altitude separation in hundreds of feet, and altitude trend arrow (climbing/ descending). Traffic data has failed.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map 10.5 ADS-B Traffic ADS-B technology is an important part of the FAA’s Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen), allowing for enhanced safety, efficiency, and the ability of the system to handle greater numbers of aircraft. ADS-B In allows a properly-equipped aircraft to access FAA broadcast services such as TIS-B and FIS-B.
Symbol Description Basic Non-Directional Traffic Foreword Getting Started Basic Directional Traffic Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Basic Off-scale Selected Traffic Com/Nav Proximate Non-Directional Traffic FPL Proximate Directional Traffic Direct-To Proximate Off-scale Selected Traffic Proc Non-Directional Alerted Traffic Charts Off-Scale Non-Directional Alerted Traffic Wpt Info Directional Alerted Traffic Map Off-Scale Directional Alerted Traffic Traffic Non-Directional Surface Vehicle Terrain Directional Surface Ve
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map 10.5.1 Traffic Applications - SURF, AIRB, etc. The GTN ADS-B traffic display is capable of running in two “modes:” Airborne Situational Awareness (AIRB) and Surface Situation Awareness (SURF). AIRB is in operation in the en route environment, outside of five NM from and 1,500 feet above the nearest airport.
10.5.2.2 TCAS Status Foreword This shows the current status of the TCAS system. The modes reported by the traffic device are "Operate" while in the air and "Standby" while on the ground. This control allows the pilot to manually select the TCAS Status. Touch the TCAS Status key to toggle the TCAS Status. 10.5.2.3 Test The Traffic Test function is only available on some TAS traffic systems. The aircraft must be on the ground and Traffic Status must be in Standby. 1.
* Indicates Multiple Targets. Touch NEXT To View Each Target. Traffic Motion Vector (White) Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Map Orientation ADS-B and TCAS Status and Altitude Filter Selected Traffic Info Touch For Next Target Proximate Non-Directional Traffic 3000 ft Below and Descending FPL Range Ring Radius Direct-To Proc Charts Selected Vector Motion and Duration Touch To View Traffic Menu Figure 10-13 Absolute Motion (White Vectors) Wpt Info * Indicates Multiple Targets.
Target Motion Vector Motion Vector Target Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Ownship Icon Ownship Icon Figure 10-15 Comparison of Absolute and Relative Motion Vectors With a Single Target Target Motion Vector Motion Vector Target Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Target Motion Vector Target Motion Vector Ownship Icon Nearest Figure 10-16 Comparison of Absolute and Relative Motion Vectors With a Two Targets Services/ Music Ownship Icon Utilities Sy
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 10.5.2.5 Vector Duration The Vector Duration selection sets the time that the vector will show the calculated distance and direction of the traffic target. A longer duration will result in a longer vector. Com/Nav Selected Vector Duration FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 10-17 Traffic Motion Vector Duration Selection Charts Wpt Info 10.5.2.6 Map Traffic Terrain Weather Altitude Filter 1.
Altitude Mode Below Normal Above Unrestricted Displayed Traffic Range -9900 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 9900 ft All Traffic Shown Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Table 10-13 Displayed Traffic Range 10.5.2.7 Com/Nav On Scene Mode FPL When a GDL 88 (with software version 3.00, or later) is installed with a GTN in a helicopter, the GTN provides controls for enabling/disabling "On Scene" mode in the GDL 88.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 10.6 RYAN TCAD 9900BX with the GDL 88 Ryan TCAD is a system that provides audio and visual alerts for traffic near your aircraft. The information from this system can be interfaced through the GTN series. Operating instructions and details on the modes of operation are described in the Ryan TCAD operator’s handbooks. • • • • Com/Nav FPL TCAS-like symbols are used in the 9900BX. Altitude modes are available (normal, look up, look down, unrestricted).
Touch Icon For Info ADS-B and TCAD Status and Altitude Filter Selected Traffic Info Touch For Next Target Alerted Target, 1200 ft Above and Climbing Traffic Motion Vector Ownship Icon Range Ring Radius Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Selected Vector Motion and Duration Traffic Annunciation Figure 10-19 Traffic Page for Ryan TCAD with GDL 88 10.6.
Foreword Selected Altitude Filter Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Figure 10-20 Traffic Altitude Filter Selection Direct-To Altitude Mode Below Normal Above Unrestricted Proc Charts Wpt Info Displayed Traffic Range -9900 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 2700 ft -2700 ft to 9900 ft All Traffic Shown Table 10-14 Displayed Traffic Range Map 10.6.3 TCAD Control Menu Traffic The TCAD Control Menu allows control over the settings for the TCAD Traffic display.
10.6.3.1 Traffic Audio 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Traffic Audio key. Touch To Lower The Volume Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Touch To Raise The Volume Com/Nav Bar Graph Showing Volume Level FPL Figure 10-23 TCAD Traffic 2. Touch the arrow keys to raise or lower the TCAD Traffic Audio level. The selected volume will be shown as a percentage value and graphically with a bar graph. Direct-To Proc 3. Touch the Back key to return to the TCAD Control menu. Charts 10.6.
Foreword 10.6.3.3 Baro 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the BARO key to manually select the barometric pressure. 2. Use the keypad to select the barometric pressure value. 3. Touch the Enter key to accept the selected value. The selected value will be shown in the BARO key. 10.6.3.4 Operate 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Operate key to activate TCAD traffic. 2. Touching the Operate key toggles TCAD traffic operation on and off. 10.6.3.5 Ground Mode 1.
10.7 TCAD 9900B Operation The TCAD 9900B provides a passive system that uses transponder replies from other aircraft to acquire traffic information.
Foreword 10.7.2 Select Active Shield Getting Started 1. While viewing the TCAD display, touch the Active Shield key to select the Active Shield values (Departure, Enroute, or Ground). Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 2. Touch the desired setting to save the values. Com/Nav FPL Direct-To 10.7.3 TCAD 9900B Traffic Menu The TCAD 9900B Menu allows control over the settings for the TCAD Traffic display. 1. While viewing the Traffic page, touch the Menu key.
10.7.3.2 Shield Setup Foreword The Shield Setup function allows you to select the Shield Type (mode of operation) and the size of the shield volume that will provide alerts when entered by aircraft. Approach Shield Type 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Shield Type key and touch the Approach Shield Type.
Foreword En Route, Standard, or Terminal Shield Type 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Shield Type key and touch the desired Shield Type: Enroute, Standard, or Terminal. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Touch To Select Shield Type: Approach or Standard Touch To Manually Set Shield Height Touch To Shield Range Direct-To Figure 10-29 TCAD 9900B Shield Setup for En Route, Standard, and Terminal Proc 2.
10.8 TCAD 9900BX Operation The TCAD 9900BX provides an active system that interrogates other aircraft to acquire traffic information.
Foreword 10.8.2 Select Altitude Filter The Altitude Filter limits the traffic displayed to the Below, Normal, Above or Unrestricted altitude block as listed in the “Displayed Traffic Range” table. The filter altitudes are relative to ownship altitude. While viewing the Traffic page, touch the Altitude Filter key to change the altitude filter value. Select the desired altitude filter by touching the Normal, Above, Below, or Unrestricted keys. The selection is displayed in the Altitude Filter field.
10.8.3.1 Traffic Audio 1. While viewing the TCAD Control menu, touch the Traffic Audio key. Touch To Lower The Volume Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Touch To Raise The Volume Com/Nav Bar Graph Showing Volume Level FPL Figure 10-33 TCAD Traffic Audio 2. Touch the arrow keys to raise or lower the TCAD Traffic Audio level. The selected volume will be shown as a percentage value and graphically with a bar graph. Direct-To Proc 3. Touch the Back key to return to the TCAD Control menu.
4. Touch the Enter key to accept the selected value. The selected value will be shown in the Field Elevation key. Foreword 5. Touch the Use DEST APT key to automatically use the field elevation of the destination airport of the active flight plan for traffic reporting. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl NOTE: Activating the Use DEST APT feature automatically uses the elevation for the current destination airport for the TCAD.
11 TERRAIN 11.1 Foreword Terrain Configurations Getting Started During power-up of the GTN 7XX, the terrain/obstacle database versions are displayed along with a disclaimer. At the same time, the Terrain system self-test begins. A failure message is issued if the terrain test fails.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 11.2 General Database Information Garmin TAWS and HTAWS use terrain and obstacle information supplied by government and private sources. The data undergoes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content. However, the displayed information should never be understood as being all-inclusive. Pilots must familiarize themselves with the appropriate charts for safe flight.
To update your terrain/obstacle databases: Foreword 1. Prepare the card with new terrain data. 2. Turn off the power to the unit. Getting Started 3. Remove the old terrain data card and insert the new card into the unit. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 4. Turn on the unit and verify that the Terrain Database verification is succesful. Com/Nav 5. Verify that TAWS/HTAWS passes the self-test (if configured for TAWS or HTAWS). 11.2.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc 11.2.5 The following describes the area of coverage available in each database. Regional definitions may change without notice. Database Coverage Area Limited to the United States plus some areas of Canada, United States (US) Mexico, Caribbean, and the Pacific.
11.3 Terrain Proximity Foreword Garmin Terrain Proximity is a non-TSO-C151c-certified terrain awareness system provided as a standard feature of GTN 7XX to increase situational awareness and help reduce controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). Terrain may be displayed on the Map and Terrain pages. Terrain Proximity uses information provided from the GPS receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude. GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements.
Foreword 11.3.1 Displaying Terrain Proximity The Terrain page is in the Terrain function. Getting Started 1. Touch the Terrain key on the Home page.
11.3.1.1 Terrain Page 120° Arc or 360° Rings Foreword Select the 120º Arc or 360º rings overlay for the Terrain page with either the 360 or Arc keys from the Menu. 1. While viewing the Terrain page, touch the Menu key. 2. Touch the 360º or Arc key.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To 11.3.2 Terrain Limitations Terrain Proximity displays terrain and obstructions relative to the altitude of the aircraft. The displayed alerts are advisory in nature only. Individual obstructions may be shown if available in the database. However, all obstructions may not be available in the database and data may be inaccurate. Terrain information should be used as an aid to situational awareness.
11.4 Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS-B) Optional Foreword TAWS (Terrain Awareness and Warning System) is an optional feature to increase situational awareness and aid in reducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). TAWS provides visual and aural annunciations when terrain and obstacles are within the given altitude threshold from the aircraft. TAWS satisfies TSO-C151c Class B requirements for certification.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map 11.4.3 TAWS uses information provided from the GPS receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude. GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements. GPS altitude is converted to a Mean Sea Level (MSL)-based altitude (GSL altitude) and is used to determine TAWS alerts.
11.4.5 Using TAWS-B Foreword During unit power-up, the terrain/obstacle database versions are displayed. At the same time, TAWS self-test begins. One of the following aural messages is generated: • “TAWS System Test OK” • “TAWS System Failure” Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav TAWS information can be displayed on the Map page. Terrain and obstacles with heights greater than 200 feet Above Ground Level (AGL) are displayed in yellow and red.
Threat Location Foreword Terrain above or within 100 ft below the aircraft altitude (Red) Projected Flight Path 100 ft Threshold Getting Started Unlighted Obstacle 1000 ft Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude (Yellow) Com/Nav Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude (Black) Figure 11-6 Terrain Altitude/Color Correlation for TAWS-B FPL Unlighted Obstacle Threat Location Terrain < 1000 ft > 1000 ft < 1000 ft > 1000 ft Indicator Color AGL A
Tower Windmill Windmill in Group Power Line Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Table 11-4 Obstacle Icon Types Grouped obstacles are shown with an asterisk (as shown in the Windmill in Group example above). The color of the asterisks is tied to the relative altitude of the highest obstacle in the group, not other obstacles within that group. Obstacles are grouped when they would otherwise overlap. 11.4.7 Aircraft orientation on this map is always heading up unless there is no valid heading.
2. Touch the Flight Plan key to toggle the display of the active flight plan. Foreword Getting Started Flight Plan Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Terrain Overlay Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Terrain Legend Obstacle Legend (software version 6.00, or later) Icon shows point obstacle overlay is active (software version 5.12, or later) 3. Touch the Legend key to toggle the display of the Terrain and Obstacle legend. Traffic Weather Icon shows wire obstacle overlay is active (software version 5.
2. Touch the TAWS Inhibit key to toggle the inhibiting of TAWS alerts. Foreword Getting Started Test TAWS - Only Available on Ground TAWS Alerts Inhibited Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL TAWS Inhibited Annunciation Direct-To Figure 11-9 TAWS-B Alerts Inhibited Selected 3. Touch the Test TAWS key to test the TAWS system. This function is not available when the aircraft is in the air.
Foreword Obstacle Group Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Blinking Message Com/Nav Touch To Remove Pop-Up And Remain On Current Page Touch To Display Terrain Page FPL TAWS Annunciation Direct-To Proc Figure 11-11 Terrain Alert Pop-Up To acknowledge the pop-up alert: Touch the Go to Terrain key (accesses the TAWS Page) Charts OR Wpt Info Touch the Close key to remove the pop-up alert Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music If the pilot takes no action, the pop-up will be removed whe
Alert Type Alert Annunciation Excessive Descent Rate Warning (EDR-W) FLTA Terrain Warning (RTC-W, ITI-W) FLTA Obstacle Warning (ROC-W, IOI-W) FLTA Wire Warning (ILI-W, RLC-W) FLTA Terrain Caution (RTC-C, ITI-C) FLTA Obstacle Caution (ROC-C, IOI-C) FLTA Wire Caution (ILI-C, RLC-C) Premature Descent Alert Caution (PDA) Excessive Descent Rate Caution (EDR-C) Negative Climb Rate Caution (NCR-C) Voice Call Out (VCO-500) None Aural Message Foreword “Pull Up” Getting Started “Terrain Ahead, Pull Up; Terr
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 11.4.8.2 Excessive Descent Rate Alert The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) alert is to provide notification when the aircraft is determined to be descending upon terrain at an excessive rate. The parameters for the alert as defined by TSO-C151c are shown below.
Minimum Clearance Altitude (feet) Level Flight Descending 700 500 350 300 150 100 100 100 Flight Phase En Route Terminal Approach Departure Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Table 11-7 FLTA Alert Minimum Terrain and Obstacle Clearance Values During final approach, FLTA alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft is below 200 feet AGL while within 0.5 NM of the approach runway or below 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 NM of the runway threshold. 11.4.8.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 11.4.8.5 Inhibiting/Enabling TAWS-B PDA/FLTA Alerting TAWS also has an inhibit mode that deactivates the PDA/FLTA aural and visual alerts. Pilots should use discretion when inhibiting TAWS and always remember to enable the system when appropriate. Only the PDA and FLTA alerts are disabled in the inhibit mode. After cycling power, TAWS will no longer be inhibited. Com/Nav FPL Touch To Toggle TAWS Inhibit. TAWS Inhibited shown.
Height Above Terrain (Feet) Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl “DON’T SINK” or “TOO LOW, TERRAIN” Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Altitude Loss (Feet) Charts Figure 11-15 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Altitude Loss Wpt Info Height Above Terrain (Feet) Map Traffic “DON’T SINK” or “TOO LOW, TERRAIN” Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities Sink Rate (FPM) System Figure 11-16 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Sink Rate Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic 11.4.8.7 Altitude Voice Call Out (VCO) TAWS-B provides aural advisory alerts as the aircraft descends, beginning at 500 feet above the terrain, as determined by the radar altimeter (if greater than 5 NM from the nearest airport) or 500 feet above the nearest runway threshold elevation (if less than 5 NM from the nearest airport).
11.5 HTAWS (Optional) 11.5.1 Introduction Foreword Getting Started NOTE: TERRAIN, TAWS, HTAWS, or HTERRAIN PROXIMITY functionality will be available via the Terrain page, depending on the installed hardware and configuration. HTAWS or HTERRAIN PROXIMITY are available in software version 4.00, or later. 11.5.1.1 Overview Garmin’s Helicopter Terrain Awareness Warning System (HTAWS) is an optional feature to increase situational awareness and aid in reducing controlled flight into terrain.
Foreword 11.5.1.3 NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately processes and crossvalidates the data, but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL HTAWS displays terrain and obstructions relative to the flight path of the aircraft. Individual obstructions may be shown if available in the database.
altitude of the aircraft. The GPS position and GSL altitude are used to calculate and “predict” the aircraft’s flight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this manner, HTAWS can provide advanced alerts of predicted dangerous terrain conditions. Detailed alert modes are described later in this section. 11.5.2.2 Power Up Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav During power-up of the unit, the terrain/obstacle database versions are displayed along with a disclaimer to the pilot.
Foreword The HTAWS page menu provides options to acknowledge caution alerts, reduce protection, or inhibit alerting. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Figure 11-19 HTAWS Terrain Menu FPL Direct-To 11.5.3.1 View Selection The HTAWS Page has two selectable view settings: Proc Charts HTAWS Terrain Colorization Overlay Wpt Info Rotorcraft Ownship Map Traffic Terrain Weather 360º View Terrain Legend Obstacle Legend (software version 6.
2. Touch Back to return to the Terrain/HTAWS display. The HTAWS Page displays the selected view. Repeat step 1 to select the alternate view, and touch Back. 11.5.3.2 HTAWS Inhibit HTAWS provides an “inhibit mode.” This mode deactivates aural and visual alerts when they are deemed unnecessary by the aircrew. Pilots should use discretion when inhibiting the HTAWS system and always remember to enable the system when appropriate. VCO’s are not inhibited in Inhibit Mode.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts 11.5.3.3 External HTAWS Inhibit Control An optional installation is allowed for providing an external HTAWS Inhibit switch. Touching the external HTAWS Inhibit switch toggles the HTAWS inhibit on and off in the same manner as using the Terrain Menu selection. 11.5.3.
11.5.3.5 HTAWS Manual Test Foreword Garmin HTAWS provides a manual test capability which verifies the proper operation of the aural and visual annunciations of the system prior to a flight. To manually test the HTAWS system: Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 1. While viewing the Terrain/HTAWS Page, touch MENU. Com/Nav 2. Touch the Test HTAWS key. FPL 3. Touch Back to return to the Terrain/HTAWS display.
Color Red Orange Yellow Green Black Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Description Terrain is more than 250 ft above the aircraft. Terrain is between 0 ft and 250 ft above the aircraft. Terrain is between 250 ft and 0 ft below the aircraft. Terrain is between 250 ft and 500 ft below the aircraft. Terrain is more than 500 ft below the aircraft.
11.5.3.7 Flight Plan Overlay 1. While viewing the Terrain/HTAWS page, touch MENU. Foreword Getting Started 2. Touch the Flight Plan key to toggle the overlay of the active flight plan on or off. The green bar will show when the Flight Plan overlay is shown. 3. Touch Back to return to the Terrain/HTAWS display. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 11.5.
Foreword Unlighted Obstacle Getting Started < 1000 ft AGL Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Lighted Obstacle > 1000 ft < 1000 ft > 1000 ft AGL AGL AGL Obstacle Obstacle Location Color Red Com/Nav Direct-To Proc Charts Obstacle Symbol FPL Yellow White Wpt Info Map Obstacle is at or above current aircraft altitude Obstacle is between 250 ft and 0 ft below current aircraft altitude Obstacle is 250 ft, or more, below current aircraft altitude. Obstacles are removed when more than 500 ft below the helicopter.
11.5.5 HTAWS Alerts Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within HTAWS software algorithms. HTAWS alerts employ either a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed. Aural alerts are simultaneously issued. Annunciations appear in a dedicated field in the lower left corner of the display. Annunciations are color-coded according to the HTAWS Alert Summary table.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain FLTA CAUTION—Estimated potential impact in approximately 30 seconds after a caution pop-up alert and annunciation. FLTA caution alerts are accompanied by the aural message “Caution Terrain; Caution Terrain”. Similarly, a “Caution Obstacle; Caution Obstacle” alert is also provided. The time to an alert can vary with conditions, therefore there is no guarantee of a 30 second caution alert being issued.
11.5.5.3 HTAWS Voice Call Out Selection Foreword The Voice Call Out (VCO) selection is available when HTAWS is installed. The VCO functionality provides a voice annunciation of the aircraft’s height above terrain or the nearest airport, heliport, runway, or helipad when that threshold is first crossed. The available call outs include “Five Hundred” through “One Hundred” in one hundred foot intervals.
3. Touch the MAX Voice Callout key to select the Voice Call Outs. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Touch To Set Maximum Voice Call Out Range Com/Nav FPL Maximum Voice Call Out Range None Selected Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Figure 11-25 View the Maximum Voice Call Out Range (None Selected) Map 4. The values above the selected value will be disabled (Off).
11.5.5.4 HTAWS Not Available Alert Foreword Garmin HTAWS requires a 3-D GPS navigation solution along with specific vertical accuracy minimums. Should the navigation solution become degraded, or if the aircraft is out of the database coverage area, the annunciation “HTAWS N/A” is shown in the annunciation window. When the GPS signal is reestablished and the aircraft is within the database coverage area, the “HTAWS N/A” annunciation is removed. 11.5.5.
Foreword HTAWS Annunciation Pop-Up Alert Getting Started Aural Message Description “Caution - Obstacle, Obstacle” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Caution for Obstacle “Warning - Obstacle, Obstacle” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Warning for Obstacle None Alerting thresholds are reduced. Visual and aural annunciation of caution alerts are suppressed. “Wire Ahead” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Caution for Wire.
11.5.6 Pilot Actions Foreword If an HTAWS warning and associated aural are received, the pilot should immediately maneuver the rotorcraft in response to the alert unless the terrain or obstacle is clearly identified visually and determined by the pilot not to be a factor to the safety of the operation. A HTAWS caution alert indicates terrain or obstacle nearby. If possible visually locate the terrain or obstacle for avoidance.
Foreword Getting Started 11.6 TAWS-A (Optional) 11.6.1 Introduction NOTE: TERRAIN, TAWS-A, TAWS-B, HTAWS, or HTERRAIN PROXIMITY functionality will be available via the Terrain page, depending on the installed hardware and configuration. HTAWS or HTERRAIN PROXIMITY are available in software version 4.00, or later. TAWS-A is available in software version 5.00, or later. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL NOTE: The data contained in the TAWS databases comes from government agencies.
affected by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is not subject to variations in pressure and temperature that normally affect pressure altitude devices. GSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings to determine MSL altitude. Therefore, GSL altitude provides a highly accurate and reliable MSL altitude source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts. The terrain and obstacle databases used by TAWS-A are referenced to mean sea level (MSL).
- Excessive Closure Rate (ECR) to Terrain Alerting Foreword - Flight Into Terrain (FIT) Alerting Getting Started - Negative Climb Rate (NCR) after takeoff Alerting - Excessive below Glideslope/Glidepath Deviation (GSD) Alerting Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc - Altitude Voice Call Out (VCO) Alerting 11.6.1.
Grouped obstacles are shown with an asterisk (as shown in the Windmill in Group example above). The color of the asterisks is tied to the relative altitude of the highest obstacle in the group, not other obstacles within that group. Obstacles are grouped when they would otherwise overlap. Unlighted Obstacle Threat Location Terrain < 1000 ft > 1000 ft < 1000 ft > 1000 ft Indicator Color AGL AGL AGL AGL Obstacle Symbol Yellow 11.6.
Terrain Page Title Track Annunciation Foreword Getting Started Aircraft GSL Value (GPS Derived) Red Terrain Is Above Or Within 100 ft Below The Aircraft Altitude Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Range Arc Yellow Terrain Is Between 100 ft and 1000 ft Below The Aircraft Altitude FPL Direct-To Ownship Position Proc Terrain Legend Charts Ostacle Legend (software version 6.
1. While viewing the Terrain page, touch the Menu key. Foreword 2. Selections are grouped by function: View, Layers, and TAWS.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 11.6.3 TAWS-A Alerts Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TAWS-A software algorithms. TAWS-A alerts employ a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed and aural alerts are simultaneously issued. TAWS-A alert types with corresponding annunciations and aural messages are shown in Table 11-13. When an alert is issued, annunciations appear on the display.
11.6.3.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Alert Type Alert Annunciation Pop-Up Alert (Except TAWS-A Page) Reduced Line Clearance Warning (RLC) "Wire Ahead, Pull Up; Wire Ahead, Pull Up" or "Wire, Wire; Pull Up, Pull Up" Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Caution (RTC) Imminent Terrain Impact Caution (ITI) or or * “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain”* or “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead” * “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain” or “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead” Charts Wp
Alert Type Alert Annunciation Pop-Up Alert (Except TAWS-A Page) Aural Message Foreword Excessive Descent Rate Caution (EDR) “Sink Rate” Getting Started Excessive Closure Rate Caution (ECR) “Terrain, Terrain” Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Negative Climb Rate Caution (NCR) or * “Don’t Sink”* or “Too Low, Terrain” Com/Nav FPL Flight Into Terrain High Speed Caution (FIT) “Too Low, Terrain” Flight Into Terrain Gear Caution (FIT) “Too Low, Gear” Proc Flight Into Terrain Flaps Caution (FIT) “Too Low, Fla
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Alert Type Alert Annunciation Incorrect TAWS configuration, invalid/missing terrain, airport, or obstacle database, or TAWS audio fault.
Pop-Up Alert (Except TAWS-A Page) Alert Annunciation Alert Type Aural Message Glideslope Inhibit N/A None FLAP Override N/A None Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav * Alerts with multiple messages are configurable. Alerts for the default configuration are indicated with asterisks.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc 11.6.3.3 Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC), Reduced Required Line Clearance (RLC), and Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) alerts are issued when the aircraft flight path is above terrain, yet is projected to come within the minimum clearance values in the FLTA Alert Minimum Terrain and Obstacle Clearance Values table.
(EIGHT !BOVE 4ERRAIN &EET Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 0$! !LERTING !REA Com/Nav 2UNWAY 4HRESHOLD FPL $ISTANCE &ROM $ESTINATION !IRPORT NM Direct-To Figure 11-34 PDA Alerting Threshold PDA and FLTA aural and visual alerts can be manually inhibited. Discretion should be used when inhibiting TAWS and the system should be enabled when appropriate.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To 11.6.3.6 Excessive Closure Rate Alert The Excessive Closure Rate (ECR) alert provides suitable notification when the aircraft is determined to be closing upon terrain at an excessive speed for a given aircraft gear and flap configuration. The following figures show the ECR alerting criteria for flaps in the landing configuration and for all other flight phases respectively.
Foreword Height Above Terrain (Feet) Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Closure Rate (FPM) Charts Figure 11-37 Excessive Closure Rate Alert Criteria (Flaps in Landing Configuration) Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix 190-01007-03 Rev. J 190-01007-03-Final.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 11.6.3.7 Flight Into Terrain Alert Flight Into Terrain (FIT) alerts occur when the aircraft is too low with respect to terrain based on landing gear status, flap position, and groundspeed. FIT caution alerts are issued when flight conditions meet the criteria shown below.
11.6.3.7.1 Overriding Flaps-based FIT alerting 1. While viewing the TAWS-A Page, touch the MENU key. Foreword Getting Started 2. Touch the Flap Override key to toggle the override state. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl When the Flaps Override option is enabled, the annunciation “FLAP O/R” is annunciated on the TAWS-A Page. If GPWS alerts are also inhibited (which include FIT), the “FLAP O/R” annunciation is not shown.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 11.6.3.8 Negative Climb Rate After Take-Off Alert (NCR) The Negative Climb Rate (NCR) After Take-Off alert (also referred to as “Altitude Loss After Take-Off”) provides alerts when the system determines the aircraft is losing altitude (closing upon terrain) after takeoff. The aural message “Don’t Sink” is given for NCR alerts, accompanied by an annunciation and a pop-up terrain alert on the display.
Foreword Height Above Terrain (Feet) Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl “DON’T SINK” or “TOO LOW, TERRAIN” Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Sink Rate (FPM) Charts Figure 11-42 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Sink Rate Wpt Info 11.6.3.9 Excessive Below Glideslope/Glidepath Deviation Alert A Glideslope Deviation or Glidepath Deviation (GSD) caution alert is issued when the system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the glidepath for the selected approach.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL GSD alerting is only active after departure and the following conditions are met: • An ILS, LPV, LNAV/VNAV, or LNAV+V approach is active and vertical navigation indications are being displayed. • Aircraft is below 1000 feet AGL. • Gear is configured for landing. When a GSD caution alert occurs, the aural and visual annunciation “GLIDESLOPE” is issued.
11.6.3.10 Inhibiting GPWS Alerts (EDR, ECR, FIT, and NCR) Foreword NOTE: The "Inhibit GPWS" function only affects GPWS alerts (EDR, ECR, NCR, and FIT). Alerting for FLTA, PDA, and GSD is controlled independently from the GPWS alerts listed below. EDR, ECR, FIT, and NCR aural and visual alerts can be manually inhibited as a group. Discretion should be used when inhibiting alerts and the GPWS system should be enabled when appropriate.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages 11.6.5 TAWS-A System Status During power-up, TAWS-A conducts a self-test of its aural and visual annunciations. The system test can also be manually initiated. An aural alert is issued at test completion. TAWS-A System Testing is disabled when ground speed exceeds 30 knots. 11.6.
12 WEATHER Foreword Weather data are displayed by the Weather function when an optional weather source is installed. The Wx Weather pages may be oriented to Track Up, Heading Up, or North Up. When more weather products are installed, a key for each product will be shown. Touch the key for the desired weather product. When a single weather product is installed, touching the Weather key will go directly to the Weather page.
WARNING: Do not use data link weather information for maneuvering in, near, or around areas of hazardous weather. Information contained within data link weather products may not accurately depict current weather conditions. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl NOTE: Do not rely solely upon data link services to provide Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) information. Always confirm TFR information through official sources such as Flight Service Stations or Air Traffic Control. Com/Nav FPL 12.
12.1.1 Displaying SiriusXM Weather Foreword To display SiriusXM Weather touch the Weather key on the Home page. 1. Touch the Weather key on the Home page and then touch the SiriusXM key. NEXRAD Weather Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Age Of Selected Weather Products FPL Weather Product Legends Direct-To Proc Charts Out Of Coverage Area Selected Altitude Touch + or - To Select Altitude Wpt Info Map Figure 12-4 SiriusXM Weather Page 2.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.1.2 Weather Legend The Legend key displays a pop-up legend of the currently displayed weather products. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Legend key. Com/Nav FPL Legend Of Selected Weather Products Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Touch Legend And Slide Finger Up And Down To Scroll Legend Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Figure 12-6 Weather Legend Display Services/ Music 2.
Cloud Tops Surface-Fronts Freezing Levels METAR Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav City Forecast SIGMET/AIRMET NEXRAD Echo Tops FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Icing Potential Winds Aloft County Warnings Turbulence Traffic Terrain Weather Cell Movement Cyclone AIREPS PIREPS Lightning Nearest Services/ Music TFR Utilities System Figure 12-7 Available Weather Legends 12.1.3 Weather Map Orientation Messages 1.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info 12.1.4 SiriusXM Weather Symbols and Product Age When a weather product is active on the Map function or the Weather Data Link function is selected, the age of the data is displayed on the screen. The age of the data may not indicate the time between the current GPS time and the time when the data is assembled, but rather a general indication of the time elapsed from when the data is received by the GTN.
NOTE: The unit displays valid times on the weather map in lieu of product age indications for SiriusXM Weather Icing Potential, Winds Aloft, and Turbulence weather products. NOTE: The unit displays product age for SiriusXM Weather Freezing Level and Canada Winds Aloft weather products. The product age indication represents the number of minutes that have elapsed since the weather product was created by SiriusXM Weather.
Weather Product Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Expiration Time (Minutes) Broadcast Rate (Minutes) 90 180 30 60 60 12 12 5 12 12 Air Report (AIREP) Turbulence Radar Coverage Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) Table 12-1 SiriusXM Weather Products and Data Timing Direct-To Proc Symbol Description Flood Charts Severe Thunderstorm Wpt Info Map Tornado Traffic Sunny Part Sun Terrain Cloudy Weather Rainy Nearest T-Storm Services/ Music
12.1.5 NEXRAD WSR-88D, or NEXRAD (NEXt-generation RADar), is a network of 158 highresolution Doppler radar systems that are operated by the National Weather Service (NWS). NEXRAD data provides centralized meteorological information for the continental United States and selected overseas locations. The maximum range of a single NEXRAD radar site is 250 NM. The NEXRAD network provides important information about severe weather for air traffic safety. NEXRAD data is not real-time.
2. Touch the desired NEXRAD source selection and then the Back key to view the weather information. Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl NEXRAD Source Age Of Selected Weather Products Com/Nav NEXRAD Weather Present Position FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Figure 12-9 SiriusXM NEXRAD Weather Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Figure 12-10 NEXRAD Weather Legend Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12.1.5.
radar reflection is not necessarily an indication of the weather hazard level. For instance, wet hail returns a strong radar reflection, while dry hail does not. Both wet and dry hail can be extremely hazardous. The different NEXRAD echo intensities are measured in decibels (dB) relative to reflectivity (Z). NEXRAD measures the radar reflectivity ratio, or the energy reflected back to the radar receiver (designated by the letter Z). The value of Z increases as the returned signal strength increases. 12.1.5.
Foreword The following may cause abnormalities in displayed NEXRAD radar images: • Ground clutter Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl • Strobes and spurious radar data • Sun strobes (when the radar antenna points directly at the sun) • Interference from buildings or mountains, which may cause shadows Com/Nav FPL • Metallic dust from military aircraft, which can cause alterations in radar scans NEXRAD Limitations (Canada) Direct-To Proc • Radar coverage extends to 55ºN.
Touch To Start NEXRAD Animation Foreword Product Age Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 12-13 Start NEXRAD Animation 1. While viewing the SiriusXM Weather page with NEXRAD enabled for display, touch the NXRD key to start the NEXRAD animation. NOTE: Weather Forecast, Cloud Tops, and Cell Movement will automatically be turned off while NEXRAD is animating. 2. Touch the NXRD key to stop the NEXRAD animation.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.1.6 Echo Tops Echo Tops data shows the location, elevation, and direction of the highest radar echo. The highest radar echo does not indicate the top of a storm or clouds; rather it indicates the highest altitude at which precipitation is detected. This information is determined from NEXRAD data. NOTE: Due to similarities in color schemes, the display of Echo Tops cannot be shown with Cloud Tops and NEXRAD. Com/Nav 1.
12.1.7 Cloud Tops Foreword NOTE: Due to similarities in color schemes, it is not possible to display Echo Tops and Cloud Tops at the same time. Cloud tops data depicts cloud top altitudes as determined from satellite imagery. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Cloud Tops key. Product Age FPL Direct-To Proc Cloud Tops Charts Present Position Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Figure 12-17 Cloud Tops Weather 2.
Foreword Getting Started 12.1.8 Cell Movement Cell Movement data shows the location and movement of storm cells as identified by a ground-based system. Cells are represented by yellow squares, with direction of movement indicated with short, orange arrows. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl NOTE: In the Cell Movement function, “Base” height is actually the height Com/Nav of maximum radar reflection and that the “Base” and “Top” heights are based on radar height and not MSL or AGL. 1.
12.1.9 SIGMETs and AIRMETs Foreword SIGMETs (SIGnificant METerological Information) and AIRMETs (AIRmen's METerological Information) are broadcast for potentially hazardous weather considered of importance to aircraft. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the SIGMET/AIRMET key. IFR Line Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL SIGMET Line Turbulence Line Direct-To Proc Present Position Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Figure 12-22 SIGMETs and AIRMETs 2.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.1.10 County Warnings County Warnings data provides specific public awareness and protection weather warnings from the National Weather Service. This can include information on fires, tornadoes, severe thunderstorms, flood conditions, and other natural disasters. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the County Warnings key. Touch the County Warnings symbol for detailed information.
12.1.11 Freezing Level Foreword Freezing Level data shows the color-coded contour lines for the altitude and location at which the Freezing Level is found. When no data is displayed for a given altitude, the data for that altitude has not been received, or is out of date and has been removed from the display. New data appears on the next update. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Freezing Level key.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 12.1.12 METARs METAR (METeorological Aerodrome Report), known as an Aviation Routine Weather Report, is the standard format for current weather observations. METARs are updated hourly and are considered current. METARs typically contain information about the temperature, dew point, wind, precipitation, cloud cover, cloud heights, visibility, and barometric pressure.
12.1.13 Cyclone Foreword The current location of the cyclone is shown along with its projected path with the date and time. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Cyclone key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Projected Path With Date And Time Charts Current Position Of Cyclone Wpt Info Map Figure 12-29 Cyclone Traffic 2. Touch the Cyclone key again to turn it off.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.1.14 Lightning Lightning data shows the approximate location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. A yellow cross icon represents a strike that has occurred within a 2 kilometer (approx. 1 NM) region. The exact location of the lightning is not displayed. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Lightning key.
12.1.15 Weather Forecast The Weather Forecast data provides Surface Analysis and City Forecast information for current and forecast weather conditions. The Surface Analysis forecast shows frontal lines indicating weather fronts and the direction they are moving. High and Low pressure centers are noted with a large H or L. A Cold Front is a front where cold air replaces warm air. A blue line with blue triangles will point in the direction of cold air flow. A Warm Front is where warm air replaces cold air.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info City Forecast Fronts Figure 12-35 Surface Legends Map Traffic Terrain Weather Nearest Services/ Music Utilities System Messages Symbols Appendix Index 12-24 190-01007-03-Final.indb 24 Garmin GTN 725/750 Pilot’s Guide 190-01007-03 Rev.
12.1.16 Winds Aloft Foreword Winds Aloft data shows the forecast wind speed and direction at the surface and at selected altitudes. Altitudes can be selected in 3000 foot increments from the surface up to 45,000 feet. 1. While viewing the Data Link Weather menu, touch the Winds Aloft key. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Wind Symbols Charts Wpt Info Selected Wind Altitude Map Touch To Select Wind Altitude Traffic Figure 12-36 Winds Aloft 2.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL 12.1.17 Icing The Icing product shows a graphic view of the current icing environment in four categories: light, moderate, severe, and extreme (not specific to aircraft type). The Icing product is not a forecast, but a presentation of the current conditions at the time of the analysis.
12.1.18 Turbulence Foreword Turbulence data identifies the potential for erratic movement of high-altitude air mass associated winds. Turbulence is classified as light, moderate, severe or extreme, at altitudes between 21,000 and 45,000 feet. Turbulence data is intended to supplement AIRMETs and SIGMETs. 1. While viewing the Weather Data Link menu, touch the Turbulence key.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 12.1.19 AIREP/PIREP Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs) provide timely weather information for a particular route of flight. When significant weather conditions are reported or forecast, Air Traffic Control (ATC) facilities are required to solicit PIREPs. A PIREP may contain non-forecast adverse weather conditions, such as low inflight visibility, icing conditions, wind shear, and turbulence. PIREPs are issued as either Routine (UA) or Urgent (UUA). 1.
3. Touch the Back key to remove the detailed information. Foreword 4. Touch the AIREP/PREP key again to turn it off. Getting Started 12.2 StormScope® Weather Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.2.1 StormScope® (Optional) Com/Nav NOTE: Refer to the WX-500 Pilot’s Guide for a detailed description of the WX-500 StormScope. The WX-500 StormScope Weather Mapping Sensor is a passive weather avoidance system that detects electrical discharges associated with thunderstorms within a 200 NM radius of the aircraft.
Orientation Annunciation. HDG N/A - Heading Is Not Available. Foreword Getting Started Range Ring Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Lightning Strikes Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Lightning Display Mode (Cell or Strike) Touch To Clear Lightning Strikes Proc Lightning Strike Rate Figure 12-44 StormScope Display (360º Display View Shown) 2. Touch the Menu key to setup the StormScope display. Charts Wpt Info Map Lightning Display Mode - Strike Selected Arc View Selected Traffic Figure 12-45 StormScope Menu Terrain 3.
12.2.2 Clearing the StormScope® Page Foreword Routinely clearing the StormScope Page of all discharge points is a good way to determine if a storm is building or dissipating. In a building storm discharge points reappear faster and in larger numbers. In a dissipating storm discharge points appear slower and in smaller numbers. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 1. While viewing the Weather StormScope page, touch the Clear Strikes key to clear lightning strikes. Com/Nav 2.
Foreword Getting Started 500 NM zoom scale will display all lightning data. Scales greater than 500 NM do not display any additional StormScope data. While viewing the StormScope page touch the In and Out keys to display a larger or smaller area. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl NOTE: Cell mode uses a clustering program to identify clusters of electrical activity that indicate cells. Cell mode is most useful during periods of heavy storm activity.
12.3 Weather Radar Foreword The GTN 7XX can display weather radar from a Garmin GWX system or from selected 3rd party radars. Only one weather radar system may be interfaced to the system. For detailed information on the operation of 3rd party radars, refer to their specific documentation. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.3.1 Com/Nav Garmin GWX Radar Description The Garmin GWX 68 and GWX 70 Airborne Color Weather Radars combine excellent range and adjustable scanning profiles with a high-definition target display.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Airborne weather radar has other capabilities beyond weather detection. It also has the ability to detect and provide distance to objects on the ground, such as, cities, mountains, coastlines, rivers, lakes, and oceans. 12.3.1.2 Antenna Beam Illumination It is important to understand the concept of the antenna beam illumination. The radar beam is much like the beam of a spotlight. The farther the beam travels, the wider it gets.
12.3.1.3 Radar Signal Attenuation Foreword The phenomena of weather attenuation needs to be kept in mind whenever operating the weather radar. When the radar signal is transmitted, it is progressively absorbed and scattered, making the signal weaker. This weakening, or attenuation, is caused by two primary sources, distance and precipitation.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts 12.3.2 Radar Signal Reflectivity 12.3.2.1 Precipitation Precipitation or objects more dense than water, such as earth or solid structures, will be detected by the weather radar. The weather radar will not detect clouds, thunderstorms or turbulence directly. It detects precipitation associated with clouds, thunderstorms, and turbulence. The best radar signal reflectors are raindrops, wet snow or wet hail.
12.3.2.2 Ground Returns Foreword The intensity of ground target returns depends upon the angle at which the radar beam strikes the ground target (Angle of Incidence) and the reflective properties of that target. The gain can be adjusted so shorelines, rivers, lakes, and cities are well defined. Increasing gain too much causes the display to fill in between targets, thus obscuring some landmarks. Cities normally provide a strong return signal.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Figure 12-51 Angle of Incidence Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather A smaller incident angle gives the radar a larger detectable range of operation and the target display will show a higher intensity. Since more radar energy is reflected back to the antenna with a low incident angle, the resulting detectable range is increased for mountainous terrain. 12.3.
Foreword MPEL Boundary Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 11’ for 12” antenna Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 12-52 MPEL Boundary 12.3.4 Basic Antenna Tilt Setup Charts The following discussion is a simple method for setting up the weather radar antenna tilt for most situations. It is not to be considered an all encompassing setup that will work in all situations, but this method does provide good overall parameters for the monitoring of threats.
Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL If the aircraft is above 29,000 feet, be cautious of any target return that gets to 30 NM or closer. This is likely a thunderstorm that has a top high enough that the aircraft cannot fly over it safely. If the aircraft altitude is 15,000 feet or lower, set the displayed range to 60 NM. Closely monitor anything that enters the display. Also, after setting up the antenna tilt angle as described previously, ground returns can be monitored for possible threats.
GWX 68 Radars Weather Mode Color Approximate Intensity Approximate Rainfall Rate (in/hr) GWX 70 Radars Approximate Intensity 3rd Party Radars Radar Return Level (see radar documentation for details) BLACK < 23 dBZ < .01 < 23 dBZ 0 GREEN 23 dBZ to < 33 dBZ .01 - 0.1 23 dBZ to < 33 dBZ 1 YELLOW 33 dBZ to < 41 dBZ 0.1 - 0.5 33 dBZ to < 41 dBZ 2 RED 41 dBZ to < 50 dBZ 0.
Squall Line Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Steep Gradient Charts Wpt Info Scalloped Edge Figure 12-54 Cell Irregularities Direct-To Proc Hook or Finger Thunderstorm development is rapid. A course may become blocked within a short time. When displaying shorter ranges, periodically select a longer range to see if problems are developing further out. That can help prevent getting trapped in a “blind alley” or an area that is closed at one end by convective weather.
12.3.5.3 Tornadoes There is no conclusive radar target return characteristics which will identify a tornado, however, tornadoes may be present if the following characteristics are observed: • A narrow, finger-like portion, as shown on the previous page, extends and, in a short time, curls into a hook and closes on itself.
Foreword 12.4 WARNING: Begin transmitting only when it is safe to do so. When transmitting while the aircraft is on the ground, no personnel or objects should be within 11 feet of the antenna. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl CAUTION: In Standby mode, the antenna is parked at the center line. It is always a good idea to put the radar in Standby mode before taxiing the aircraft to prevent the antenna from bouncing on the bottom stop and possibly causing damage to the radar assembly.
12.4.1 Viewing Weather on the Weather Radar Page 1. From the Home page, touch the Weather key on the Home page and then touch the Radar key (if necessary).
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 12.4.2 Configuring Weather Radar Page To configure the WX Radar page, the Radar Mode must be in Ground, Weather, or Test mode. When one of these modes is selected, a warm-up period is initiated (countdown is displayed on the screen). After the warm-up is complete, the selected mode will be available. 1. While on the ground, touch MODE. 2. In the Weather Radar Mode window, touch STANDBY.
12.4.3 Vertically Scanning a Storm Cell Foreword When vertically scanning with stabilization ON, the actual physical area that the radar is sweeping may not match the vertical scan display. This occurs whenever the aircraft pitch is not at 0 degrees. To compensate for this, the vertical display will “erase” the portion of the vertical display that is no longer being scanned. It will appear that the vertical sweep “wraps around” when reaching the end of the GTN vertical display.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To 12.4.4 Adjusting the Antenna Tilt Angle In order to make an accurate interpretation of a storm cell, the radar beam should be pointed at the wet part of the weather cell to record the proper rainfall intensity (color level). The ideal aiming point is just below the freezing level of the storm. The best way to find this point is to use the Vertical Scan feature.
12.4.5 Adjusting the Bearing Line Foreword 1. Touch the SHOW BRG key. This displays the Bearing Line in Horizontal Scanning mode. 2. To adjust the Bearing Line, touch the BEARING key. An adjustment window will be displayed. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Touch To Adjust Bearing Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Numeric Adjusted Bearing Value And Direction Proc Figure 12-64 Bearing Line Adjustment Charts 3. Touch the Gain Adjustment arrow keys to change the gain. Wpt Info 4.
Foreword Getting Started 12.4.6 Adjusting Gain Gain is used to adjust the sensitivity of the radar receiver. It can be used to adjust the characteristics of the returns from the surface. WARNING: Changing the gain in weather mode will cause precipitation intensity to be displayed as a color not representative of the true intensity. Remember to return the gain setting to : “Calibrated” for viewing the actual intensity of precipitation. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 1.
12.4.7 Sector Scan Foreword Adjusting the Sector Scan reduces the scan angle from Full in increments of ±20°, ±40°, and ±60° in horizontal or vertical scanning. 1. While viewing the WX Radar page, touch Sector Scan to display the Sector Scan Mode window. Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Touch the Desired Sector Size Proc GWX 68 GWX 70 Charts Figure 12-66 Sector Scan Mode Wpt Info 2. Touch the desired mode. After selection, you are returned to the Weather Radar Menu screen.
Foreword 12.4.8 Weather Radar Menu Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Touch Menu to view the Weather Radar Menu.
2. To deactivate Watch Mode, repeat sequence. Foreword Watch Shaded Area Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Figure 12-69 Horizontal Scan with WATCH 12.4.8.2 Weather Alert The Weather Alert feature may be used to indicate the presence of heavy precipitation beyond the currently displayed range and 80 to 320 NM from the aircraft’s present position. Weather Alert targets appear as red bands along the outer range ring at the approximate azimuth of the detected returns.
Foreword 1. While viewing the Weather Radar Menu, touch Weather Alert to toggle Weather Alerts. Getting Started 2. To deactivate Weather Alerts, repeat sequence. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.4.8.3 Com/Nav FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Traffic Terrain Weather Antenna Stabilization 1. While viewing the Weather Radar Menu, touch Stabilize to toggle Antenna Stabilization. 2. To deactivate Antenna Stabilization, repeat sequence.
12.5 Connext Weather Connext Weather is an optional feature available with the Iridium® satellite system that is interfaced through the optional Garmin GSR 56. Connext Weather may be viewed in the Weather and Map functions. The Weather pages may be oriented to either Track Up, Heading, or North Up. Both Connext and XM Weather may be installed and selected individually. Connext Weather coverage is available throughout most of Europe, Canada and the U.S.
Foreword More detail on Connext weather products and coverage can be found at: http://fly.garmin.com/fly-garmin/gfds-weather/ Getting Started NOTE: A system can be configured for multiple weather products, but only one may be selected for viewing in the Weather or map pages at a given time. Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav 1. While viewing the Connext Weather page, press the MENU key to display the Connext Weather Menu. FPL Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Figure 12-72 Select Connext Weather Map 2.
12.5.1 Using Connext Satellite Weather Products Foreword When a weather product is active on the Weather Data Link Page or the Navigation Map Page, the age of the data is displayed on the screen. The age of the product is based on the time difference between when the data was assembled on the ground and the current GPS time. Weather products are refreshed at selectable intervals. Weather products expire at intervals based on each product. When the data expires, it is removed from the display.
Foreword 12.5.3 Connext Settings Getting Started Touch To Manually Request Data Auto Request Setting Time To Next Data Request Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Coverage Region Settings FPL Datalink Status Direct-To Proc Charts Wpt Info Map Figure 12-74 Connext Settings Menu 12.5.3.1 Connext Data Request It is necessary to request the downloading of weather products. Requests can be sent manually or set to automatically update at a selected rate.
3. Touch the Cancel Request key to cancel a request in progress. Getting Started Touch To Select Request Period Touch To Cancel Request Foreword Time Remaining Until Next Request Audio & Xpdr Ctrl Com/Nav Figure 12-76 Cancelling A Request 12.5.3.2 FPL Connext Data Request Coverage Region Direct-To Present Position Data Request Touch the Present Position key to request that weather information will be shown around your present position.
Foreword 12.5.3.3 Connext Weather Map Orientation 1. While viewing the Connext Weather Menu, touch the Orientation key. Getting Started 2. Touch the orientation choices of North Up, Track Up, and Heading Up and to accept the displayed value and return to the Connext Weather Menu.
12.5.4 Register With Connext It is necessary to register the GTN with Connext to utilize the weather products. 1. Call Garmin Customer Service to create a Connext account. Provide the GTN System ID and airframe info (model, tail number, etc). 2. Customer Service will issue an access code to enter on the Connext Registration page. 3. While viewing Connext Settings Menu, touch the Datalink Status key.
5. Touch the Access Code key to enter the appropriate code and then touch the Enter key. Foreword 6. Touch the Register key to complete the process. The GTN will contact the Connext servers using the GSR 56 transceiver. If the access code and system ID are correct, it will download and display the airframe info.
WARNING: Do not use the indicated data link weather product age to determine the age of the weather information shown by the data link weather product. Due to time delays inherent in gathering and processing weather data for data link transmission, the weather information shown by the data link weather product may be significantly older than the indicated weather product age. 12.5.
Foreword Getting Started Audio & Xpdr Ctrl 12.5.7 Precipitation (PRECIP) Data Graphical data is overlaid on the map indicating the rainfall detected by ground based radar for a specific area. The colors indicating increasing levels of rainfall progresses from light green for light rainfall to red for heavy rainfall. Review the Limitations section in the front of this guide for the limitations that apply to the Connext data.