G1000 ® Integrated Flight Deck Pilot’s Guide ® G1000 Pilot’s Guide Garmin International, Inc. 1200 East 151st Street Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A. p:913.397.8200 f:913.397.8282 Garmin (Europe) Ltd. Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road Houndsdown Business Park Southampton, SO40 9RB, U.K. p:44/0870.8501241 f:44/0870.8501251 Garmin Corporation No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan p:886/02.2642.9199 f:886/02.2642.9099 www.garmin.com Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT Garmin AT, Inc.
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SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX
Copyright © 2008, 2009 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. This manual reflects the operation of System Software version 0636.02 or later for the Hawker Beechctaft C90A/GT. Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions. Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A. Tel: 913/397.8200 Fax: 913/397.8282 Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Road SE, Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A.
Limited Warranty LIMITED WARRANTY This Garmin product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for two years from the date of purchase. Within this period, Garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts and labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost.
Warnings, Cautions, and Notes WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the terrain avoidance feature. The terrain avoidance feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance and does not relieve the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during flight. The terrain avoidance feature is only to be used as an aid for terrain avoidance. Terrain data is obtained from third party sources.
Warnings, Cautions, and Notes WARNING: The Garmin G1000, as installed in this aircraft, has a very high degree of functional integrity. However, the pilot must recognize that providing monitoring and/or self-test capability for all conceivable system failures is not practical. Although unlikely, it may be possible for erroneous operation to occur without a fault indication shown by the G1000.
Warnings, Cautions, and Notes CAUTION: The Garmin G1000 does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by an authorized Garmin service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void both the warranty and the pilot’s authority to operate this device under FAA/FCC regulations. Note: When using Stormscope, there are several atmospheric phenomena in addition to nearby thunderstorms that can cause isolated discharge points in the strike display mode.
Revision Information Record of Revisions Part Number 190-00663-00 190-00663-01 190-00663-01 Rev. A Revision A A Date 9/21/07 3/11/09 Page Range Description i – I-6 Initial Release at GDU SW 8.10 i – I-6 Initial Release - Added SVS - Updated to GDU SW 9.
Table of Contents 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Section 1 System Overview System Description.................................................. 1 Line Replaceable Units (LRU).................................. 2 G1000 Controls......................................................... 7 PFD Controls................................................................. 7 Controls Associated With the MFD.................................. 9 AFCS Controls...........................................................
Table of Contents 4.5 Additional Audio Panel Functions...................... 128 Power-Up. ................................................................ 128 Mono/Stereo Headsets. ............................................. 128 Speaker.................................................................... 128 Unmuted Inputs........................................................ 128 Intercom. ................................................................. 129 Passenger Address (PA) System. ..............
Table of Contents 6.3 Stormscope WX-500 (Optional).......................... 340 Setting Up Stormscope on the Navigation Map............ 341 Selecting the Stormscope Page................................... 344 6.4 Terrain Awareness and Warning System............ 347 TAWS Alerts.............................................................. 352 System Status........................................................... 358 6.5 Traffic Information Service (TIS)......................... 359 Traffic Map Page.......
Table of Contents 8.2 SafeTaxi................................................................. 463 SafeTaxi Cycle Number and Revision........................... 466 8.3 ChartView (Optional)........................................... 469 ChartView Softkeys. .................................................. 469 Terminal Procedures Charts........................................ 470 Chart Options........................................................... 478 Day/Night View.....................................
Table of Contents Blank Page x Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW Section 1 System Overview FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1.1 System Description This section provides an overview of the G1000 Integrated Flight Deck as installed in the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT. The G1000 system is an integrated flight control system that presents flight instrumentation, position, navigation, communication, and identification information to the pilot through large-format displays.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview 1.2 Line Replaceable Units (LRU) AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • GDU 1040A (2) – Each unit is configured as a PFD that features a 10.4-inch LCD with 1024 x 768 resolution. The unit installed on the left/pilot side is designated as PFD1, and the one installed on the right/copilot side is designated as PFD2. These units communicate with each other, the MFD, and with the on-side GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit through a High-Speed Data Bus (HSDB) connection.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • GDC 74B (2) – Processes data from the pitot/static system as well as the OAT probe. This unit provides pressure altitude, airspeed, vertical speed and OAT information to the G1000 system, and it communicates with the on-side GIA 63W, on-side GDU 1040A, GDU 1040A MFD, and on-side GRS 77, using an ARINC 429 digital interface (it also interfaces directly with the on-side GTP 59).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • GMA 1347D (2) – Integrates NAV/COM digital audio, intercom system and marker beacon controls, and is installed in dual configuration on the outboard side of PFD1 and PFD2. This unit also enables the manual control of the display reversionary mode (red DISPLAY BACKUP button) and communicates with the on-side GIA 63W, using an RS-232 digital interface.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GCU 475 (1) – Provides the Flight Management System (FMS) controls for the MFD through an RS-232 digital interface. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS • GMC 710 (1) – Provides the controls for the GFC 700 AFCS through an RS-232 digital interface allowing communication with both PFDs. AUDIO PANEL & CNS • GTP 59 (2) – Provides Outside Air Temperature (OAT) data to the on-side GDC 74B.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS GMC 710 GWX 68 GDU 1040A EIS (PFD #1) GDL 69A GCU 475 GDU 1040A (PFD #2) GDU 1500 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS (MFD) GMA 1347D-20 #1 GMA 1347D-20 #2 GMU 44 #1 GMU 44 #2 HAZARD AVOIDANCE GRS 77 #1 GRS 77 #2 ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS GIA 63W #1 GIA 63W #2 VHF COM VHF NAV/LOC GPS/WAAS G/S GDC 74B #1 AFCS Mode Logic Flight Director Servo Management GTP 59 #1 GDC 74B #2 VHF COM VHF NAV/LOC GPS/WAAS G/S GTP 59 #2 AFCS Mode Logic
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.3 G1000 Controls FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The Audio Panel (GMA 1347D) and AFCS controls (GMC 710) are described in the CNS & Audio Panel and AFCS sections respectively. The G1000 system controls are located on the PFD and MFD bezels, MFD Control Unit, AFCS Control Unit and audio panel. The controls for the PFD and MFD are discussed within the following pages of this section.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview 1 NAV VOL/ID Knob – Controls NAV audio volume level. Press to toggle the Morse code identifier audio ON and OFF. Volume level is shown in the NAV frequency field as a percentage. 2 NAV Frequency Transfer Key – Toggles the standby and active NAV frequencies. 3 Dual NAV Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the NAV receiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz). Press to switch the tuning box (cyan box) between NAV1 and NAV2.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW Controls Associated With the MFD FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The controls for the MFD (GDU 1500) are located on both the MFD bezel and the MFD Control Unit (GCU 475). The bottom portion of the MFD bezel features 12 softkeys that are designed to perform various functions depending upon the specific page being displayed. These softkeys are discussed throughout the Pilot’s Guide documentation.
Joystick – Changes the map range when rotated. Activates the map pointer when pressed. 7 Alphanumeric Keys – Allow the user to enter data quickly, without having to select individual characters with the FMS Knob. 8 Plus (+) Minus (-) Key – Toggles a (+) or (-) character. 9 Decimal Key – Enters a decimal point. 10 SEL Key – The center of this key activates the selected softkey, while the right and left arrows move the softkey selection box to the right and left, respectively.
System Overview FLC Key – Selects/deselects Flight Level Change Mode. 9 CRS2 Knob – Sets the copilot-selected course on the HSI of PFD2 when the VOR1, VOR2, or OBS/SUSP mode is selected. Pressing this knob centers the CDI on the currently selected VOR. The copilot-selected course provides course reference to the copilot-side flight director when operating in Navigation and Approach modes. 10 SPD Key – Switches the Flight Level Change mode reference speed between IAS and MACH number.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Audio Panel Controls 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 18 19 20 21 HAZARD AVOIDANCE 17 22 23 24 AFCS Figure 1-5 Audio Panel Controls (GMA 1347D-20) 1 COM1 MIC – Selects the #1 transmitter for transmitting. COM1 receive is simultaneously selected when this key is pressed allowing received audio from the #1 COM receiver to be heard.
System Overview MUSIC – Toggles the Music input on or off. Pressing and holding toggles music muting on or off. 10 SPKR – Pressing this key selects and deselects the corresponding cockpit speaker. With SPKR selected on, the COM and NAV receiver audio, and alerts are heard on the speaker. 11 MKR/MUTE – Mutes the currently received marker beacon receiver audio. Unmutes when new marker beacon audio is received. 12 HI SENS – Press to increase Marker Beacon Receiver sensitivity.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview 1.4 Secure Digital Cards FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for instructions on updating the aviation database. NOTE: Ensure that the G1000 system is powered off before inserting the SD card. EIS The GDU 1040A and GDU 1500 data card slots use Secure Digital (SD) cards and are located on the top right portion of the display bezels. Each display bezel is equipped with two SD card slots.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW NOTE: See the Pilot’s Operating Handbook and FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM/POH) for specific procedures concerning avionics power application and emergency power supply operation. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 system is integrated with the aircraft electrical system and receives power directly from electrical busses.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview 1.6 System Operation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The displays are connected together via multiple data busses, thus allowing for high-speed communication. As shown in Figure 1-1, each GIA 63W is connected to the on-side PFD. This section discusses the normal and reversionary modes of operation as well as the various AHRS modes of the G1000 system.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS Figure 1-10 Reversionary Mode (Manual) AUDIO PANEL & CNS Reversionary mode can be activated manually by pressing the dedicated DISPLAY BACKUP button at the bottom of the audio panel (see Figure 1-11 and refer to the Audio Panel section for further details). Pressing this button again deactivates reversionary mode. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Pressing the DISPLAY BACKUP button activates/deactivates reversionary mode for both the on-side PFD and the MFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview EIS available unavailable GPS Data Magnetometer Data available AUDIO PANEL & CNS available unavailable Magnetometer Data Attitude/Heading Invalid available unavailable FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE le ab AHRS no-GPS Mode ail av AHRS no- AHRS no-Mag/ Mag Mode no-Air Mode Heading Invalid Air Data un available Air Data AHRS Normal Operation unavailable FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In addition to using internal sensors, the GRS 77 AHRS uses GPS informati
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW Air Data Input Failure FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A failure of the air data input has no effect on AHRS output while AHRS is operating in normal mode. A failure of the air data input while the AHRS is operating in reversionary No-GPS mode results in invalid attitude and heading information on the PFD (as indicated by red “X” flags).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview Softkey Function FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The softkeys are located along the bottoms of the displays. The softkeys shown depend on the softkey level or page being displayed. The bezel keys below the softkeys can be used to select the appropriate softkey. When a softkey is selected, its color changes to black text on gray background and remains this way until it is turned off, at which time it reverts to white text on black background.
System Overview Displays the softkeys for selecting the two HSI formats When enabled, displays altimeter in meters Press to display the BARO setting as inches of mercury HPA Press to display the BARO setting as hectopacals OBS 190-00663-01 Rev. A Sets barometric pressure to 29.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview DME XPDR EIS VFR CODE 0—7 BKSP ADS-B TX IDENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT GND AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS XPDR1 XPDR2 STBY ON ALT HAZARD AVOIDANCE TMR/REF NRST ALERTS Displays the DME Tuning Window, allowing tuning and selection of the DME (optional) Displays transponder mode selection softkeys Selects the #1 transponder as active Selects the #2 transponder as active Selects standby mode (transponder does not reply to any interrogations) Selects Mode A (transp
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW (optional) ALERTS (optional) TRFC-1 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS (optional) (optional) ALERTS STRMSCP EIS Select the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. TRFC-2 AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 1-17 INSET Softkeys (optional) ALERTS ADC2 AHRS1 AHRS2 BACK FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ADC1 ALERTS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Select the BACK Softkey toreturn to the top level softkeys. Figure 1-18 SENSOR Softkeys AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview (optional) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ALERTS HSI FRMT SYN VIS ALERTS ALT UNIT EIS Select the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys AUDIO PANEL & CNS METERS HPA ALERTS ARC HSI ALERTS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 360 HSI IN ALERTS HAZARD AVOIDANCE PATHWAY SYN TERR HRZN HDG APTSIGNS ALERTS Figure 1-19 PFD Configuration Softkeys AFCS (optional) ALERTS ADDITIONAL FEATURES (optional) ADS-B TX ALERTS APPENDICES Select the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW MFD Softkeys MAP Displays XM lightning information on Navigation Map (optional) Returns to top-level softkeys Selects desired amount of map detail; cycles through declutter levels: DCLTR (No Declutter): All map features visible DCLTR-1: Declutters land data DCLTR-2: Declutters land and SUA data DCLTR-3: Removes everything except for the active flight plan When available, displays optional airport and terminal procedure charts When available, displays optional checklists FL
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview (optional) DCLTR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS MAP SHW CHRT CHKLIST DCLTR-1 DCLTR-2 DCLTR-3 EIS TRAFFIC TOPO TERRAIN AIRWAYS (optional) STRMSCP NEXRAD Select the BACK Softkey on this level to return to the top softkey level. XM LTNG BACK AUDIO PANEL & CNS AIRWY ON AIRWY LO AIRWAY HI FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 1-21 MFD Softkeys GPS Receiver Operation AFCS GPS1 provides information to the pilot-side PFD and GPS2 provides data to the copilot-side PFD.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting the GPS receiver for which data may be reviewed 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - GPS Status Page. 2) To change the selected GPS receiver: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS a) Select the desired GPS Softkey. Or: a) Press the MENU Key. b) Use the FMS Knob to highlight the receiver which is not selected and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview Each satellite is represented by an oval containing the Pseudo-random noise (PRN) number (i.e., satellite identification number). Satellites whose signals are currently being used are represented by solid ovals. • Satellite signal information status FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The accuracy of the aircraft’s GPS fix is calculated using Estimated Position Uncertainty (EPU), Dilution of Precision (DOP), and horizontal and vertical figures of merit (HFOM and VFOM).
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW Predicting RAIM availability at a selected waypoint 1) Select the GPS Status Page. 2) If necessary, select the RAIM Softkey. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Press the FMS Knob. The ‘WAYPOINT’ field is highlighted. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window. 5) Enter the desired waypoint: EIS a) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired waypoint by identifier, facility, or city name and press the ENT Key. Refer to Section 1.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview • ‘COMPUTE RAIM?’—RAIM has not been computed for the current waypoint, time, and date combination • ‘COMPUTING AVAILABILITY’—RAIM calculation in progress • ‘RAIM AVAILABLE’—RAIM is predicted to be available for the specified waypoint, time, and date • ‘RAIM NOT AVAILABLE’—RAIM is predicted to be unavailable for the specified waypoint, time, and date • SBAS Selection (SBAS Softkey is selected) In certain situations, such as when the air
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW Navigating the Page Menu Window 1) Press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu Window. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the FMS Knob to scroll through a list of available options (a scroll bar appears to the right of the window when the option list is longer than the window). 3) Press the ENT Key to select the desired option. 4) The CLR Key may be pressed to remove the menu and cancel the operation. Pressing the FMS Knob also removes the displayed menu.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview The MFD displays information in four main page groups; specific pages within each group can vary depending on the configuration of optional equipment. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting a page using the FMS Knob 1) Turn the large FMS Knob until the desired page group is selected. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob until the desired page is selected.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW Waypoint Pages (WPT) Airport Information pages FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - Airport Information (INFO Softkey) - Departure Information (DP Softkey) - Arrival Information (STAR Softkey) EIS - Approach Information (APR Softkey) AUDIO PANEL & CNS - Weather Information (WX Softkey) Intersection Information NDB Information VOR Information User Waypoint Information FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Airport Information Pages Figure 1-27 Waypoint Pages HAZARD AVOIDANCE Auxiliary Pages (AUX) Weigh
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview Nearest Pages (NRST) Nearest Airports Nearest Intersections EIS Nearest NDB Nearest VOR AUDIO PANEL & CNS Nearest User Waypoints Nearest Frequencies Nearest Airspaces FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 1-29 Nearest Pages In addition to the main page groups accessed exclusively using the FMS Knobs, there are pages for flight planning (FPL) and loading procedures (PROC) which are accessed by a dedicated key.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Procedure pages may be accessed at any time on the MFD by pressing the PROC Key. A menu is initialized, and when a departure, approach, or arrival is selected, the appropriate Procedure Loading Page is opened. Turning the FMS Knob does not scroll through the Procedure pages (note the single page icon in the lower right corner).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview Restoring system setup defaults: 1) Select the AUX - System Setup Page. HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select the DFLTS Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Restore Defaults’, and press the ENT Key. INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS Figure 1-32 System Setup Page 36 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW Date/Time FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 obtains the current Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) date and time directly from the GPS satellite signals (shown on the AUX - GPS Status Page, Figure 1-22). System time (displayed in the lower right corner of the PFD) can be displayed in three formats: local 12-hr, local 24-hr, or UTC. Local time is set by adding/subtracting an offset (hours:minutes) to/from UTC.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview Pilot Profiles HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS System settings may be saved under a pilot profile. When the system is powered on, the last selected pilot profile is shown on the MFD Power-up Splash Screen (Figure 1-8).
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW Use the large FMS Knob to select ‘CREATE and ACTIVATE’ and press the ENT Key to activate the new profile. 9) To cancel the process, select ‘CANCEL’ with the large FMS Knob and press the ENT Key. Selecting an active profile: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Select the AUX - System Setup Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the active profile field in the Pilot Profile Box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview Display Units FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Units in which various quantities are displayed on the G1000 screens are listed on the System Setup Page. The Navigation Angle reference, the Temperature units, and the Position units can be set from here.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW Arrival Alerts FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Arrival Alert Box on the System Setup Page allows arrival alerts to be turned on/off and the alert trigger distance set. An arrival alert can be set to notify the pilot with a message upon reaching a userspecified distance from the final destination (the direct-to waypoint or the last waypoint in a flight plan). Once the set distance (up to 99.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview System Status Page HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The System Status Page displays the status and software version numbers for all detected system LRUs. Pertinent information on all system databases is also displayed. Active LRUs are indicated by green check marks and failed LRUs are indicated by red “X”s. Failed LRUs should be noted and a service center or Garmin dealer informed.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW Utility Page FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS For flight planning purposes, timers, trip statistics, and a scheduler feature are provided on the AUX Utility Page. The timers available include a stopwatch-like generic timer, a total time in flight timer, and a record of the time of departure. Trip statistics—odometer, trip odometer, and average trip and maximum groundspeeds—are displayed from the time of the last reset.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview Setting the generic timer (PFD): 1) Press the TMR/REF Softkey. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the timer field (hh/mm/ss). 3) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired time and press the ENT Key. 4) With the UP/DN field highlighted, turn the small FMS Knob to select the timer counting direction (UP/DN) and press the ENT Key. 6) With ‘START?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to start the timer. The field changes to ‘STOP?’.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS Figure 1-40 Timers (MFD AUX - Utility Page) AUDIO PANEL & CNS The flight timer can be set to count up from zero starting at system power-up or from the time that the aircraft lifts off; the timer can also be reset to zero at any time. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Setting the flight timer starting criterion 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - Utility Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview Resetting the departure time 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - Utility Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) Use the FMS Knob to highlight ‘Reset Departure Time’ and press the ENT Key. Trip Statistics EIS The odometer and trip odometer record the total mileage traveled from the last reset; these odometers can be reset independently. Resetting the trip odometer also resets the average trip groundspeed.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW Scheduler FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000’s Scheduler feature can be used to enter and display reminder messages (e.g., “Change oil”, “Switch fuel tanks”, “Overhaul”) in the Alerts Window on the PFD. Messages can be set to display based on a specific date and time (event), once the message timer reaches zero (one-time; default setting), or recurrently whenever the message timer reaches zero (periodic).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview 9) For event-based messages: a) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired date (DD-MMM-YYY) and press the ENT Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS b) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to the next field. c) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired time (HH:MM) and press the ENT Key. 10) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to enter the next message. Deleting a scheduler message: 1) Select the AUX - Utility Page.
System Overview SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.8 Display Backlighting FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The PFD and MFD display backlighting, the PFD and MFD bezel, and the Audio Panel keys can be adjusted manually in one of two ways: • Using the individual dimmer bus control for the desired display, or • Using the PFD Setup Menu and the following procedures. In normal operating mode, backlighting can only be adjusted from the PFDs. In reversionary mode, adjustments can be made from any remaining displays.
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Overview Blank Page 50 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW Section 2 Flight Instruments FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: In the event that the airspeed, attitude, altitude, or heading indications become unusable, refer to the backup instruments. Note: The Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) provides additional readouts and bugs on selected flight instruments. Refer to the AFCS Section for details on these bugs and readouts, as they appear on the display during certain AFCS modes.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 22 21 20 19 18 1 17 16 EIS 2 15 14 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 3 13 4 12 5 11 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 6 10 7 9 APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE 8 1 NAV Frequency Box 12 Turn Rate Indicator 2 Airspeed Indicator 13 Altimeter Barometric Setting 3 Ground Speed 14 Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) 4 True Airspeed 15 Selected Altitude Bug 5 Current Heading 16 Altimeter 6 Selected Heading Bug 17 Selected Altitude
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW 16 14 15 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 13 1 12 11 2 EIS 10 9 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 3 8 4 7 Selected Course 2 Selected Heading 10 Vertical Speed Required 3 Wind Data 11 Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI) 4 Inset Map 12 Reversionary Sensor Window 5 DME Information Window (optional) 13 Comparator Window 6 Bearing Information Windows 14 Current VNV Target Altitude 7 Minimum Descent Altitude/ Decision Height Flight Plan Window 15 Terrain Annunciation 1
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments 2.1 Flight Instruments FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Airspeed Indicator Note: Refer to the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) and FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) for speed criteria and Vspeed values. AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS The Airspeed Indicator displays airspeed on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. The true airspeed (TAS) is displayed in knots below the Airspeed Indicator. When displayed, the Mach number appears in place of the TAS.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flag VR R V50 50 VREF RF EIS Vspeed FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Landing Takeoff Vspeeds can be changed and their flags turned on/off from the Timer/References Window. When active (on), the Vspeeds are displayed at their respective locations to the right of the airspeed scale. By default, all Vspeed values are reset and all flags turned off when power is cycled.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments Changing Vspeeds and turning Vspeed flags on/off: 1) Select the TMR/REF Softkey. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired Vspeed. 3) Use the small FMS Knob to change the Vspeed in 1-kt increments (when a speed has been changed from a default value, an asterisk appears next to the speed). 4) Press the ENT Key or turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the ON/OFF field 5) Turn the small FMS Knob clockwise to ON or counterclockwise to OFF.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW Attitude Indicator Attitude information is displayed over a virtual blue sky and brown ground with a white horizon line. The Attitude Indicator displays the pitch, roll, and slip/skid information.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The yellow symbolic aircraft on the Attitude Indicator changes appearance based on selection of AFCS flight director Command Bar format (see the AFCS Section for details). Both PFDs show the same Command Bar format and Aircraft Symbol. The Command Bar format (single-cue or cross-pointer) may be selected from the AUX - System Setup Page Figure 2-10. Changing Command Bar format: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page on the MFD.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW Altimeter FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Altimeter displays 600 feet of barometric altitude values at a time on a moving tape rolling number gauge. Numeric labels and major tick marks are shown at intervals of 100 feet. Minor tick marks are at intervals of 20 feet. The indicated altitude is displayed inside the black pointer. The Selected Altitude is displayed above the Altimeter in the box indicated by a selection bug symbol.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments Displaying altitude in meters: 1) Press the PFD Softkey to display the second-level softkeys. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the ALT UNIT Softkey. 3) Press the METERS Softkey to turn on metric altitude readouts. 4) Press the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. EIS The barometric pressure setting is displayed below the Altimeter in inches of mercury (in Hg) or hectopascals (hPa).
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the barometric altimeter settings differ between PFDs by more than 0.02 in Hg, the readouts turn yellow. The settings can be synchronized from the PFD Setup Menu. Once the settings are synchronized (BARO SYNC turned on), they remain synchronized until the setting is turned off. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Synchronizing the altimeter barometric pressure settings: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page on the MFD. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments Vertical Deviation Note: The Glidepath Indicator is only shown for aircraft with GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Units when FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WAAS is available. EIS The Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI; Figure 2-15) uses a magenta chevron to indicate the baro-VNV vertical deviation when Vertical Navigation (VNV) is being used; the VDI appears in conjunction with the “TOD within 1 minute” alert. Full-scale deflection (two dots) is 1000 feet.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) displays a rotating compass card in a heading-up orientation. Letters indicate the cardinal points and numeric labels occur every 30˚. Major tick marks are at 10˚ intervals and minor tick marks at 5˚ intervals. A digital reading of the current heading appears on top of the HSI, and the current track is represented on the HSI by a magenta diamond indicator.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Arc HSI is a 140˚ expanded section of the compass rose. The Arc HSI contains a Course Pointer, To/From Indicator, a sliding deviation indicator (the To/From and deviation indicators are combined), and a deviation scale. Upon station passage, the To/From Indicator flips and points to the tail of the aircraft, just like a conventional To/From flag.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW Navigation angles (track, heading, course, bearing) are corrected to the computed magnetic variation (‘Mag Var’) or referenced to true north (denoted ‘T’), set on the AUX - System Setup Page. When an approach referenced to true north has been loaded into the flight plan, the system generates a message to change the navigation angle setting to ‘True’ at the appropriate time.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments Turn Rate Indicator FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Turn Rate Indicator is located directly above the rotating compass card. Tick marks to the left and right of the lubber line denote half-standard and standard turn rates. A magenta Turn Rate Trend Vector shows the current turn rate. The end of the trend vector gives the heading predicted in 6 seconds, based on the present turn rate.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW When a bearing pointer is displayed, its associated information window is also displayed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) NOTE: If a heading change of greater than 105˚ with respect to the course is made, the CDI on the Arc HSI FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS switches to the opposite side of the deviation scale and displays reverse sensing. The Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) moves left or right from the course pointer along a lateral deviation scale to display aircraft position relative to the course.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW Changing navigation sources: 1) Select the CDI Softkey to change from GPS to VOR1 or LOC1. This places the light blue tuning box over the NAV1 standby frequency in the upper left corner of the PFD. NAV1 Selected for Tuning FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select the CDI Softkey again to change from VOR1 or LOC1 to VOR2 or LOC2. This places the light blue tuning box over the NAV2 standby frequency. 3) Select the CDI Softkey a third time to return to GPS.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments If the same VOR/LOC navigation source is selected on both PFDs, the navigation source annunciation turns yellow on both displays (unless synchronized). Once the CDIs are synchronized (CDI SYNC turned on), they remain synchronized until the setting is turned off. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Synchronizing the CDIs: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page on the MFD. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW GPS steering guidance is still provided after the CDI automatically switches to LOC until LOC capture, up to the Final Approach Fix (FAF) for an ILS approach, or until GPS information becomes invalid. Activating a Vector-to-Final (VTF; see the Flight Management Section) also causes the CDI to switch to LOC navigation source; GPS steering guidance is not provided after this switch.
Terminal Terminal Approach 0.3 nm 1.0 nm 1.0 nm 2.0 nm Enroute (Oceanic if >200 nm from nearest airport) Refer to accompanying approach CDI scaling figures Missed Approach EIS Departure 1.0 nm 0.3 nm FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS CDI Full-scale Deflection SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 2-30 Automatic CDI Scaling • When a departure procedure is active, the CDI is scaled for departure (0.3 nm). • The system switches from departure to terminal CDI scaling (1.
FAF CDI scale varies if VTF is activated 0.3 nm 1.0 nm 2 nm FAF course width 350 ft 0.3 nm 1.0 nm CDI Full-scale Deflection 2 nm angle based on database information FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS angle set by system SYSTEM OVERVIEW CDI scale is set to the smaller of 0.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW OBS Mode FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Enabling Omni-bearing Selector (OBS) Mode suspends the automatic sequencing of waypoints in a GPS flight plan (GPS must be the selected navigation source), but retains the current “active-to” waypoint as the navigation reference even after passing the waypoint. ‘OBS’ is annunciated to the lower right of the aircraft symbol when OBS Mode is selected (see Figure 2-33).
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW Enabling/disabling OBS Mode while navigating a GPS flight plan: 1) Select the OBS Softkey to select OBS Mode. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the CRS Knob to select the desired course to/from the waypoint. Press the CRS Knob to synchronize the Selected Course with the bearing to the next waypoint. 3) Select the OBS Softkey again to return to automatic waypoint sequencing.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments 2.2 Supplemental Flight Data Note: Selecting the DFLTS Softkey (a second-level PFD softkey) turns off metric Altimeter display, the Inset FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Map, and wind data display. In addition to the flight instruments, the PFD also displays various supplemental information, including temperatures, wind data, and Vertical Navigation (VNV) indications.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW Wind Data Option 2 Option 3 No Data EIS Option 1 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Wind direction and speed in knots can be displayed in a window to the upper left of the HSI. When the window is selected for display, but wind information is invalid or unavailable, the window shows “NO WIND DATA”. Wind data can be displayed in three different ways: AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 2-36 Wind Data HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying wind data: 1) Press the PFD Softkey.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments Vertical Navigation (VNV) Indications FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When a VNV flight plan has been activated, VNV indications (VNV Target Altitude, RVSI, VDI) appear on the PFD in conjunction with the “TOD within 1 minute” message and “Vertical track” voice alert. See the Flight Management and AFCS sections for details on VNV features. VNV indications are removed from the PFD according to the criteria listed in Table 2-3.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW 2.3 PFD Annunciations and Alerting Functions FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The following annunciations and alerting functions are displayed on the PFD. Refer to Appendix A for more information on alerts and annunciations. G1000 Alerting system EIS Messages appear in the Alerts Window (in the lower right corner of the PFD; Figure 2-38) when a warning, caution, advisory alert, or G1000 message advisory occurs.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Critical values generated by redundant sensors are monitored by comparators. If differences in the sensors exceed a specified amount, the Comparator Window appears in the upper right corner of the PFD and the discrepancy is annunciated in the Comparator Window as a ‘MISCOMP’ (miscompare). If one or both of the sensed values are unavailable, it is annunciated as a ‘NO COMP’ (no compare).
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW Marker Beacon Annunciations Outer Marker Middle Marker FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Marker Beacon Annunciations are displayed on the PFD to the left of the Selected Altitude. Outer marker reception is indicated in blue, middle in yellow, and inner in white. Refer to the Audio Panel and CNS Section for more information on Marker Beacon Annunciations.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments TAWS Annunciations AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS) annunciations appear on the PFD to the upper left of the Altimeter. Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section and Appendix A for information on TAWS alerts and annunciations.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW Low Altitude Annunciation NOTE: The Low Altitude Annunciation is available only for aircraft with GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Units FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS when WAAS is available. This annunciation is not shown unless TAWS is inhibited. When the Final Approach Fix (FAF) is the active waypoint in a GPS WAAS approach using vertical guidance, a Low Altitude Annunciation may appear if the current aircraft altitude is at least 164 feet below the prescribed altitude at the FAF.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments The MDA/DH may be set from either PFD and is synchronized on both PFDs. The function is reset when the power is cycled. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Setting the barometric minimum descent altitude and bug: 1) Select the TMR/REF Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Minimums field. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to highlight ‘BARO’. ‘OFF’ is selected by default. Press the ENT Key or turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the next field.
Flight Instruments SYSTEM OVERVIEW 2.4 Abnormal Operations Abnormal GPS Conditions FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The annunciations listed in Table 2-4 can appear on the HSI when abnormal GPS conditions occur; see Figure 2-50 for examples. Refer to the Flight Management Section for more information on Dead Reckoning Mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Instruments Unusual Attitudes FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When the aircraft enters an unusual pitch attitude, red extreme pitch warning chevrons pointing toward the horizon are displayed on the Attitude Indicator, starting at 50˚ above and 30˚ below the horizon line. Nose Low AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Nose High FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 2-51 Pitch Attitude Warnings HAZARD AVOIDANCE If pitch exceeds +30˚/-20˚ or bank exceeds 65˚, some information displayed on the PFD is removed.
eNGINE Indication Engine INDICATION System SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW Section 3 Engine Indication System FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The gauges displayed and the values shown in this section are taken from the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT baseline configuration. Refer to the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) and FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) for specific values and operating limitations.
Engine Indication System 3.1 EIS Display 1 88 Displays Interstage Turbine Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) 2 Interstage Turbine Temperature (ITT) Torque (FT-LB) 3 Tachometer (Prop RPM) 4 Propeller Sync 5 Turbine Speed (% RPM) 6 7 Fuel Flow (FFLOW PPH) Oil Pressure (OIL PSI) Displays propeller speed in revolutions per minute (rpm); the red band indicates propeller overspeed Displays a diamond when propellers are in sync.
eNGINE Indication Engine INDICATION System SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW C90A/GT Baseline Configuration FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1 EIS 2 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 4 3 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5 HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6 AFCS 7 ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES 8 190-00663-01 Rev.
Engine Indication System interstage turbine temperature The Interstage Turbine Temperature (ITT) Gauge is displayed at the top of the EIS. This gauge differs for engine start and running conditions. Values between 200 and 1200 degrees Celsius (°C) are shown at engine start; values change to 200 to 800° C once the engine has stabilized. A red triangle is displayed at 1090° C during engine start as an aide to not exceed maximum starting temperatures. This is available in both normal and reversionary modes.
eNGINE Indication Engine INDICATION System SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW tachometer (rpm) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Tachometer is located beneath the Torque gauge and displays the propeller speed in revolutions per minute (RPM) from 0 to 2500. A propeller overspeed is indicated if the propeller speed exceeds the maximum safe operating speed (red tick mark). The Tachometer is equipped with a propeller sync indicator, which points towards the higher-speed propeller.
Engine Indication System turbine speed The Turbine Speed Gauge is located beneath the Tachometer. Turbine speed is indicated as a percentage of the maximum operating speed (rpm) from 0 to 110%. Figure 3-8 Turbine Speed Gauge fuel flow The Fuel Flow Gauge is displayed beneath the Turbine Speed gauge. Fuel Flow is displayed in pounds per hour (pph) from 0 to 600 pph. Figure 3-9 Fuel Flow Gauge 92 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
eNGINE Indication Engine INDICATION System SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW oil pressure FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Oil Pressure Gauge is located beneath the Fuel Flow gauge. Oil pressure is displayed in pounds per square inch (psi) from 0 to 200 psi. Safe operating pressure is more than 80 psi and less than 100 psi. A red triangle represents the maximum oil pressure 200 psi.
Engine Indication System 3.2 EIS Display in Reversionary Mode In the event of PFD1, PFD2 or MFD failure, the Display Backup button must be pressed to enter reversionary (or backup) mode. Reversionary mode is a mode of operation in which all important flight information is presented identically on at least one of the remaining displays (see Figure 3-12).
eNGINE Indication Engine INDICATION System SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW Reversionary Display The EIS Reversionary Mode Display gauges are the same as normal mode, except they have a different shape and share one title (i.e. ITT, FFLOW) for each pair of gauges. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS C90A/GT Baseline Configuration EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES Figure 3-14 EIS Reversionary Mode Display INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
Engine Indication System Blank Page 96 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Section 4 Audio Panel and CNS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 4.1 Overview The Communication/Navigation/Surveillance (CNS) system includes the Audio Panels, communication radios, navigation radios, and Mode S transponders. The System Overview Section provides a block diagram description of the Audio Panels and CNS system interconnection.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS PFD Controls and Frequency Display 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1 9 10 HAZARD AVOIDANCE 11 12 INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS Figure 4-1 PFD Controls, NAV/COM Frequency Tuning Boxes, and DME Tuning Window 98 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
Audio Panel and CNS 5 COM Frequency Box – Displays COM standby and active frequency fields and volume. The selected COM transceiver frequency is displayed in green. 6 COM Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the COM transceiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz). Press to move the frrequency selected for tuning (light blue numbers) and the Frequency Transfer Arrow between COM1 and COM2. 7 COM Frequency Transfer Key – Transfers the standby and active COM frequencies.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Audio Panel Controls 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 18 19 20 21 HAZARD AVOIDANCE 17 22 23 24 AFCS Figure 4-2 Audio Panel Controls INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: When a key is selected, a triangular annunciator above the key is illuminated. 100 1 COM1 MIC – Selects the #1 transmitter for transmitting.
Audio Panel and CNS SPKR – Selects and deselects the on-side flight deck speaker. COM and NAV receiver audio can be heard on the speaker. 11 MKR/MUTE – Selects marker beacon receiver audio. Mutes the currently received marker beacon receiver audio. Unmutes automatically when new marker beacon audio is received. 12 HI SENS – Press to increase marker beacon receiver sensitivity. Press again to return to low sensitivity. 13 DME – Turns optional DME audio on or off.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS 4.2 COM Operation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS COM Transceiver Selection and Activation NOTE: During PA Mode, the COM MIC Annunciator is extinguished and the COM active frequency color changes to white, indicating that neither COM transmitter is active. NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequencies used and the active EIS COM transceiver state prior to shutdown.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Transmit/Receive Indications FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS During COM transmission, a white TX appears by the active COM frequency. On the Audio Panel, when the active COM is transmitting, the active transceiver COM MIC Key Annunciator flashes approximately once per second. During COM signal reception, a white RX appears by the active COM frequency.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS Selecting the Radio to be Tuned FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Press the small COM Knob to transfer the frequency selected for tuning and the Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields. EIS Press the COM Knob to Switch the Tuning Selection From One COM Radio to the Other AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 4-6 Switching COM Tuning Boxes Quick-Tuning and Activating 121.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Auto-Tuning the COM Frequency COM frequencies can be automatically tuned from the following: • Nearest Airports Window (PFD) • NRST – Nearest Frequencies Page (ARTCC, FSS, WX) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • WPT – Airport Information Page • NRST – Nearest Airspaces Page • NRST – Nearest Airports Page Auto-Tuning from the PFD EIS COM frequencies for the nearest airports can be automatically tuned from the Nearest Airports Window on the PFD.
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS 106 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Auto-tuning from the MFD Frequencies can be automatically loaded into the COM Frequency Box from pages in the NRST or WPT page group by highlighting the frequency and pressing the ENT Key (Figures 4-9, 4-10, and 4-11). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Auto-tuning a COM frequency from the WPT and NRST Pages: 1) From any page that the COM frequency can be auto-tuned, activate the cursor by pressing the FMS Knob or selecting the appropriate softkey.
EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS Nearest Airports Menu Nearest Frequencies Menu Nearest Airspaces Menu Figure 4-10 Nearest Pages Menus FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS On the WPT - Airport Information Page, the cursor can be placed on the frequency field by pressing the FMS Knob and scrolling through the list. The frequency is transferred to the COM Standby Field with the ENT Key.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW COM frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airspaces, NRST – Nearest Frequencies, and NRST – Nearest Airports Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS Frequency Spacing FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 COM radios can tune either 25-kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.975 MHz) or 8.33-kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.990 MHz) for 760-channel or 3040-channel configuration. When 8.33-kHz channel spacing is selected, all of the 25-kHz channel spacing frequencies are also available in the complete 3040-channel list. COM channel spacing is set on the System Setup Page of the AUX Page Group. EIS 8.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Squelch FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Automatic Squelch quiets unwanted static noise when no audio signal is received, while still providing good sensitivity to weak COM signals. To disable Automatic Squelch, press the VOL/SQ Knob. When Automatic Squelch is disabled, COM audio reception is always on. Continuous static noise is heard over the headsets and speaker, if selected. Pressing the VOL/SQ Knob again enables Automatic Squelch.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS 4.3 NAV Operation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NAV Radio Selection and Activation The NAV Frequency Box is composed of four fields; two standby fields and two active fields. The active frequencies are on the right side and the standby frequencies are on the left. EIS A NAV radio is selected for navigation by selecting the CDI Softkey located on the PFD. The active NAV frequency selected for navigation is displayed in green.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW NAV radios are selected for listening by pressing the corresponding keys on the Audio Panel. Pressing the NAV1, NAV2, ADF, or DME Key selects and deselects the navigation radio source. Selected audio can be heard over the headset and the speakers (if selected). All radios can be selected individually or simultaneously.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS Selecting the Radio to be Tuned FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Press the small NAV Knob to transfer the frequency tuning selection and the Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Auto-Tuning a NAV Frequency from the MFD NAV frequencies can be selected and loaded from the following MFD pages: • WPT – Airport Information • NRST – Nearest VOR • NRST – Nearest Frequencies (FSS, WX) • NRST – Nearest Airports • NRST – Nearest Airspaces FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • WPT – VOR Information EIS The MFD provides auto-tuning of NAV frequencies from waypoint and nearest pages.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS Or: 1) When on the NRST pages, press the MENU Key on the MFD control unit to display the page menu. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the menu options. 3) Press the ENT Key to place the cursor in the desired window. 4) Scroll through the frequency selections with the FMS Knob or the ENT Key. 5) Press the ENT Key to load the NAV frequency into the standby field of the selected NAV radio.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW In the example shown, the VOR list is selected with the VOR Softkey or from the page menu. The FMS Knob or ENT Key is used to scroll through the list. The cursor is placed on the frequency with the FREQ Softkey and loaded into the NAV Tuning Box with the ENT Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Press the ENT Key to Load the Frequency into the NAV Standby Field.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS While enroute, NAV frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airports, WPT – Airport Information, WPT – VOR Information, and NRST – Nearest Frequencies Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Auto-Tuning NAV Frequencies on Approach Activation NOTE: The primary NAV frequency is auto-tuned upon loading a VOR or ILS/Localizer approach. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: When an ILS/LOC approach has been activated in GPS Mode, the system switches to NAV Mode as the final approach course is intercepted (within 15 nm of the FAF). See the Flight Management Section for details.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS Marker Beacon Receiver NOTE: The marker beacon indicators operate independently of marker beacon audio and cannot be turned FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS off. The marker beacon receiver is used as part of an ILS. The marker beacon receiver is always on and detects any marker beacon signals within the reception range of the aircraft.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW DME Tuning NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequency used for DME tuning FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS and the NAV1, NAV2, or HOLD state prior to shutdown. The G1000 System tunes the optional DME transceiver. The UHF DME frequency is tuned by pairing with a VHF NAV frequency. DME frequency pairing is automatic and only the VHF NAV frequency is shown.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS 4.4 GTX 33 Mode S Transponders FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The GTX 33 Mode S Transponders provide Mode A, Mode C, and Mode S interrogation and reply capabilities.
Audio Panel and CNS STBY ON ALT GND VFR CODE IDENT ADS-B TX BACK FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS XPDR2 IDENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW XPDR1 XPDR ALERTS Selecting the BACK Softkey returns to the top-level softkeys. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 IDENT BKSP BACK EIS 0 ALERTS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Selecting the BACK Softkey returns to the mode selection softkeys.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS Ground Mode FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Ground Mode is normally selected automatically when the aircraft is on the ground. The transponder powers up in the last mode it was in when shut down. Ground Mode can be overridden by selecting any one of the Mode Selection Softkeys. A green GND indication and transponder code appear in the mode field of the Transponder Data Box.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Altitude Mode (Automatic or Manual) Altitude Mode is automatically selected when the aircraft becomes airborne. Altitude Mode may also be selected manually by selecting the ALT Softkey. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If Altitude Mode is selected, a green ALT indication and transponder code appear in the mode field of the Transponder Data Box, and all transponder replies requesting altitude information are provided with pressure altitude information.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS Entering a Transponder Code Entering a transponder code with softkeys: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Select the XPDR Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys. 2) Select the CODE Softkey to display the Transponder Code Selection Softkeys, for digit entry. EIS 3) Select the digit softkeys to enter the code in the code field.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW VFR Code FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The VFR code can be entered either manually or by selecting the XPDR Softkey, then the VFR Softkey. When the VFR Softkey is selected, the pre-programmed VFR code is automatically displayed in the code field of the Transponder Data Box. Selecting the VFR Softkey again restores the previous identification code. The pre-programmed VFR Code is set at the factory to 1200.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS 4.5 Additional Audio Panel Functions FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Power-Up The Audio Panels perform a self-test during power-up. During the self-test all Audio Panel annunciator lights illuminate for approximately two seconds. Once the self-test is completed, most of the settings are restored to those in use before the unit was last turned off. The exceptions are the speaker and intercom, which are always selected during power up.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Intercom FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Pressing the INTR COM Key on either Audio Panel selects and deselects the intercom on both Audio Panels. The annunciator is lit when the intercom is active. The intercom connects the pilot and copilot together. Either the pilot or copilot may select or deselect the intercom. The CABIN Key initiates two way communication between the pilot or copilot and the passengers in the cabin.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS Passenger Address (PA) System FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A passenger address system is provided by pressing the PA Key to deliver messages to the passengers. The message is heard by the other pilot on the headset only if the INTR COM Key is enabled. PA messages are one way from the flight deck to the passengers. A Push-to-talk (PTT) must be pressed to deliver PA announcements to the passengers over their headphones.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Clearance Recorder and Player NOTE: Pressing the play key on the pilot’s Audio Panel plays recorded audio to the Pilot. Pressing the play FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS key on the Copilot’s Audio Panel plays recorded audio to the Copilot. The Audio Panel contains a digital clearance recorder that continually records up to 2.5 minutes of the selected COM radio signal. Recorded COM audio is stored in separate memory blocks. Once 2.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS 4.6 Audio Panels Preflight Procedure FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: If the flight crew is using headsets that have a high/low switch or volume control knob, verify that the switch is in the high position and the volume control on the headsets are at max volume setting. On single‑pilot flights, verify that all other headsets are not connected to avoid excess noise in the audio system.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Setting the Audio Panels during preflight: 1) Verify that the INTR COM Key is selected. 2) Verify that the MAN SQ Annunciator is extinguished. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Turn the MSTR Knob (Master Volume Control) on both Audio Panels clockwise two full turns. This sets the headset audio level to max volume (least amount of attenuation). 4) Adjust radio volume levels (COM, NAV, etc.) to a suitable level.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS 4.7 Abnormal Operation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Abnormal operation of the G1000 includes equipment failures of the G1000 components and failure of associated equipment, including switches and external devices. Stuck Microphone If the push-to-talk (PTT) Key becomes stuck, the COM transmitter stops transmitting after 35 seconds of continuous operation. An alert appears on the PFD to advise the crew of a stuck microphone.
Audio Panel and CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW PFD Failure, Dual System FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If PFD1 fails, COM1 and NAV1 display a red X on both remaining displays. NAV1 is unavailable. COM1 automatically tunes 121.500 MHz, but the frequency is not shown. The COM1 emergency frequency is available to both the copilot and pilot.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Panel and CNS Audio Panel Fail-Safe Operation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If there is a failure of both Audio Panels, a fail-safe circuit connects the pilot’s headset and microphone directly to the COM1 transceiver and the copilot’s headset directly to the COM2 transceiver. Audio is not available on the speakers. If there is a failure of one Audio Panel, the remaining one does not have access to the others side’s COM and NAV.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Section 5 Flight Management FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 5.1 Introduction The G1000 is an integrated flight, engine, communication, navigation and surveillance system. This section of the Pilot’s Guide explains flight management using the G1000. EIS The most prominent part of the G1000 are the three full color displays: two Primary Flight Displays (PFD) and a Multi Function Display (MFD).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Navigation Status Box Navigation Mode Inset Map AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Location of: - Direct To Window - Flight Plan Window - Procedures Window - Nearest Airports Window Figure 5-1 GPS Navigation Information on the PFD FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Navigation Status Box Map Orientation Navigation Page Title Navigation Map HAZARD AVOIDANCE - Aviation Data - Geographic Data - Topographic Data - Hazard Data Flight Plan Leg Active Flight Plan Leg ADDITIONAL
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Navigation Status Box The Navigation Status Box located at the top of the PFD contains two fields displaying the following information: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS PFD Navigation Status Box The Navigation Status Box located at the top of the MFD contains four data fields, each displaying one of the following items: • Distance (DIS) and Bearing (BRG) to the next waypoint or flight plan annunciations (e.g.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to display and scroll through the data options list. 5) Select the desired data. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 6) Press the ENT Key. Selecting the DFLTS Softkey returns any field to its default setting. 5.2 Using Map Displays FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Map displays are used extensively in the G1000 to provide situational awareness in flight.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW • North up (NORTH UP) aligns the top of the map display to north (default setting). • Track up (TRK UP) aligns the top of the map display to the current ground track. • Desired track up (DTK UP) aligns the top of the map display to the desired course. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Heading up (HDG UP) aligns the top of the map display to the current aircraft heading.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Map Group Selection AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Orientation Field Figure 5-5 Map Setup Menu Window - Map Group FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired orientation. 5) Press the ENT Key to select the new orientation. 6) Press the FMS Knob to return to the base page. HAZARD AVOIDANCE Map Range AFCS There are 28 different map ranges available, from 500 feet to 2000 nm.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Auto Zoom FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Auto zoom allows the G1000 to change the map display range to the smallest range clearly showing the active waypoint. Auto zoom can be overridden by adjusting the range with the Joystick, and remains until the active waypoint changes, a terrain or traffic alert occurs, the aircraft takes off, or the manual override times out (timer set on Map Setup Window).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Auto Zoom: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Off, MFD Only, PFD Only, All On AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Manual Range Override Expiration Time Maximum Look Forward Time Minimum Look Forward Time FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-7 Map Setup Menu Window - Map Group, Auto Zoom Configuring automatic zoom: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Press the ENT Key. The Map Setup Menu is displayed.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Map Panning Map panning allows the pilot to: • View parts of the map outside the displayed range without adjusting the map range FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Highlight and select locations on the map • Review information for a selected airport, NAVAID or user waypoint • Designate locations for use in flight planning • View airspace and airway information EIS When the panning function is selected by pressing the Joystick, the Map Pointer flashes on the map display.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When the Map Pointer is placed on an object, the name of the object is highlighted (even if the name was not originally displayed on the map). When any map feature or object is selected on the map display, pertinent information is displayed.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW When the Map Pointer crosses an airspace boundary, the boundary is highlighted and airspace information is shown at the top of the display. The information includes the name and class of airspace, the ceiling in feet above Mean Sea Level (MSL), and the floor in feet MSL.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Reviewing information for an airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint: 1) Place the Map Pointer on a waypoint. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the ENT Key to display the Waypoint Information Page for the selected waypoint. 3) Select the GO BACK Softkey, the CLR Key, or the ENT Key to exit the Waypoint Information Page and return to the Navigation Map showing the selected waypoint.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Viewing airspace information for a special-use or controlled airspace: 1) Place the Map Pointer on an open area within the boundaries of an airspace. 2) Press the ENT Key to display an options menu. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) ‘Review Airspace?’ should already be highlighted, if not select it. Press the ENT Key to display the Airspace Information Page for the selected airspace. 4) Press the CLR or ENT Key to exit the Airspace Information Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Measuring Bearing and Distance FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Distance and bearing from the aircraft’s present position to any point on the viewable navigation map may be calculated using the ‘Measure Bearing and Distance’ selection from Navigation Map page menu. The bearing and distance tool displays a dashed Measurement Line and a Measure Pointer to aid in graphically identifying points with which to measure.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Topography FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS All navigation maps can display various shades of topography colors representing land elevation, similar to aviation sectional charts. Topographic data can be displayed or removed as described in the following procedures.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS TOPO DATA On/Off TOPO DATA Range Figure 5-15 Navigation Map Setup Menu - TOPO DATA Setup The topographic data range is the maximum map range on which topographic data is displayed. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Note: Since the PFD Inset Map is much smaller than the MFD navigation maps, items are removed on the PFD Inset Map two range levels smaller than the range selected in the Map Setup pages (e.g.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Maximum Displayed Elevation Minimum Displayed Elevation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Aircraft Altitude (MSL) Range of Displayed Elevations EIS Ground Elevation at Map Pointer Location (only visible when Map Pointer is displayed) AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-16 Navigation Map - TOPO SCALE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Displaying/removing the topographic scale (TOPO SCALE): 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Map Symbols FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS This section discusses the types of land and aviation symbols that can be displayed. Each listed type of symbol can be turned on or off, and the maximum range to display each symbol can be set. The decluttering of the symbols from the map using the DCLTR Softkey is also discussed.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Aviation Symbols The following items are configured on the aviation menu: Aviation Symbols Symbol Default Maximum Range (nm) Range (nm) 2000 500 300 100 20 100 30 Non-directional Beacon (NDB WAYPOINT) 15 30 VOR (VOR WAYPOINT) 150 300 Class B Airspace/TMA (CLASS B/TMA) 200 500 Class C Airspace/TCA (CLASS C/TCA) 200 500 Class D Airspace (CLASS D) 150 300 Restricted Area (RESTRICTED) 200 500 Military Operations Area [MOA(MILITARY)] 200 500 Other/Air D
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Symbol Setup FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS All pages with maps can display land symbols (roads, lakes, borders, etc). Land symbols can be removed totally (turned off). Displaying/removing all land symbols: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The Page Menu is displayed and the cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Press the ENT Key. The Map Setup Group Menu is displayed and the cursor flashes on the ‘Map’ option.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 7) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected range. 8) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Map Declutter FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The declutter feature allows the pilot to progressively step through four levels of removing map information. The declutter level is displayed in the DCLTR Softkey and next to the Declutter Menu Option. Declutter Level EIS DCLTR Softkey Navigation Map Page Menu AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-21 Navigation Map - Declutter Level Indications Decluttering the map: Select the DCLTR Softkey with the Navigation Map Page displayed.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Table 5-3 lists the items displayed at each declutter level. The ‘X’ represents map items displayed for the various levels of declutter.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Airways FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS This airways discussion is based upon the North American airway structure. The airway structure in places other than North America vary by location, etc. and are not discussed in this book. Low Altitude Airways (or Victor Airways) primarily serve smaller piston-engine, propeller-driven airplanes on shorter routes and at lower altitudes.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Airways may be displayed on the map at the pilot’s discretion using either a combination of AIRWAYS Softkey selections, or menu selections using the MENU Key from the Navigation Map Page. The Airway range can also be programmed to only display Airways on the MFD when the map range is at or below a specific number. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Displaying/removing airways: 1) Select the MAP Softkey. 2) Select the AIRWAYS Softkey.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management The following range items are configurable on the airways menu: Airway Type Symbol FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Low Altitude Airway (LOW ALT AIRWAY) Default Maximum Range (nm) Range (nm) 200 500 High Altitude Airway (HI ALT AIRWAY) 300 500 EIS Table 5-4 Airway Range Information Track Vector AUDIO PANEL & CNS The Navigation Map can display a track vector that is useful in minimizing track angle error.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Nav Range Ring On/Off FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Wind Vector On/Off Track Vector - On/Off - Look Ahead Time EIS Fuel Range - On/Off - Fuel Reserve Time AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-25 Navigation Map Setup Menu -TRACK VECTOR, WIND VECTOR, NAV RANGE RING, FUEL RANGE RING Setup Wind Vector Wind Direction FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The map displays a wind vector arrow in the upper right-hand portion of the screen.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Nav Range Ring FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Nav Range Ring shows the direction of travel (ground track) on a rotating compass card. The range is determined by the map range. The range is 1/4 of the map range (e.g., 7.5 nm on a 30 nm map).
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Fuel Range Ring FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The map can display a fuel range ring which shows the remaining flight distance. A dashed green circle indicates the selected range to reserve fuel. A solid green circle indicates the total endurance range. If only reserve fuel remains, the range is indicated by a solid yellow circle.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Field of View (SVS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The map can display the boundaries of the PFD Synthetic Vision System (SVS) lateral field of view. The field of view is shown as two dashed lines forming a V shape in front of the aircraft symbol on the map. This is only available if SVS is installed on the aircraft.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.3 Waypoints FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Waypoints are predetermined geographical positions (internal database) or pilot-entered positions, and are used for all phases of flight planning and navigation. Communication and navigation frequencies can be tuned “automatically” from various Waypoint Information (WPT) pages, Nearest (NRST) pages, and the Nearest Airports Window (on PFD). This auto-tuning feature simplifies frequency entry over manual tuning.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Identifier with Duplicates AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Duplicate Waypoints FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Duplicate Message Airports Figure 5-31 Waypoint Information Window - Duplicate Identifier HAZARD AVOIDANCE Note: ‘North Up’ orientation on the Airport Information Page cannot be changed; the pilot needs to be aware of proper orientation if the Navigation Map orientation is different from the Airport Information Page Map.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Airport Information Navigation Map Showing Selected Airport FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - ID/Facility/City - Usage Type/Region - Lat/Long/Elev - Fuel Available - Time Zone (UTC Offset) Runway Information - Designation - Length/Width/Surface - Lighting Available EIS Airport/Runway Diagram AUDIO PANEL & CNS COM/NAV Freq. Info.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management View a destination airport: From the Airport Information Page press the MENU Key. Select ‘View Destination Airport’. The Destination Airport is displayed.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the ENT Key displays the PFD Airport Information Window for the highlighted airport. Pressing the ENT Key again returns to the Nearest Airports Window with the cursor on the next airport in the list. Continued presses of the ENT Key sequences through the information pages for all airports in the Nearest Airports list.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Nearest Airports FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - ID/Type - Bearing/Distance Airport Information - Facility/City/Elevation Runway Information - Designation/Surface - Length/Width EIS Nearest Airport COM/NAV Freq. Info.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Viewing runway information for a specific airport: 1) With the Nearest Airports Page displayed, select the RNWY Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Select Runway Window’; and press the ENT Key. The cursor is placed in the ‘RUNWAYS’ Box. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired runway. 3) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Intersections Note: The VOR displayed on the Intersection Information Page is the nearest VOR, not necessarily the VOR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS used to define the intersection. The Intersection Information Page is used to view information about intersections.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Nearest Intersections Page can be used to quickly find an intersection close to the flight path. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the page displays information for up to 25 nearest intersections in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST INT’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘REFERENCE VOR’. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The selected intersection is indicated by a white arrow. Up to seventeen intersections are visible at a time.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management NDBs FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The NDB Information Page is used to view information about NDBs. In addition to displaying a map of the currently selected NDB and surrounding area, the page displays NDB information in four boxes labeled ‘NDB’, ‘INFORMATION’, ‘FREQUENCY’, and ‘NEAREST AIRPORT.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Nearest NDB Page can be used to quickly find a NDB close to the flight path. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the page displays information for up to 25 nearest NDBs in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST NDB’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘FREQUENCY’. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A white arrow before the NDB identifier indicates the selected NDB. Up to seventeen NDBs are visible at a time. If there are more than can be shown, each list can be scrolled.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management VORs FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The VOR Information Page can be used to view information about VOR and ILS navigation signals, or to quickly auto-tune a VOR or ILS frequency. Localizer information cannot be viewed on the VOR Information Page. If a VOR station is combined with a TACAN station it is listed as a VORTAC on the VOR Information Page and if it includes only DME, it’s displayed as VOR-DME.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1) With the Nearest VOR Page displayed, press the FMS Knob or press the VOR Softkey. 2) Press the ENT Key or turn either FMS Knob to select an identifier in the Nearest VOR Box. 3) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Or: 1) With the Nearest VOR Page displayed, press the MENU Key. 2) Highlight ‘SELECT VOR WINDOW’, and press the ENT Key. 3) Press the ENT Key or turn either FMS Knob to select an identifier in the Nearest VOR Box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management User Waypoints FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The system can create and store up to 1,000 user-defined waypoints. User waypoints can be created from any map page (except PFD Inset Map, AUX-Trip Planning Page, or Procedure Pages) by selecting a position on the map using the Joystick, or from the User Waypoint Information Page by referencing a bearing/distance from an existing waypoint, referencing bearings from two existing waypoints, or entering a latitude/longitude.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Nearest User Wpt List FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - Identifier - Bearing/Distance from aircraft position Navigation Map Showing Selected User Waypoint EIS Selected User Waypoint AUDIO PANEL & CNS User Waypoint Info - Comment - Lat/Long Reference Wpt Info FLIGHT MANAGEMENT - Identifier - Radial/Distance Figure 5-44 Nearest User Waypoint Page HAZARD AVOIDANCE Creating User Waypoints User waypoints can be created from the User Waypoint Information Page in the following wa
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management 6) If desired, change the storage method of the waypoint to “TEMPORARY” or “NORMAL” by moving the cursor to “TEMPORARY” and selecting the ENT Key to check or uncheck the box. 7) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Or: 1) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Enter a user waypoint name (up to six characters). 3) Press the ENT Key. The message ‘Are you sure you want to create the new User Waypoint AAAAAA?’ is displayed.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Creating user waypoints from map pages: 1) Press the Joystick to activate the panning function and pan to the map location of the desired user waypoint. 2) Press the ENT Key. The User Waypoint Information Page is displayed with the captured position.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Renaming user waypoints: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight Management 2) Enter a new name. 1) Highlight a user waypoint in the User Waypoint List. Select the RENAME Softkey, or press the MENU Key and select ‘Rename User Waypoint’ 3) Press the ENT Key. The message ‘Do you want to rename the user waypoint AAAAAA to BBBBBB?’ is displayed. 4) With ‘YES’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. EIS 5) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Deleting User Waypoints Deleting a single user waypoint FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Highlight a User Waypoint in the User Waypoint List, or enter a waypoint in the User Waypoint field. 2) Select the DELETE Softkey or press the CLR Key. ‘Yes’ is highlighted in the confirmation window. 3) Press the ENT Key. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. Or: EIS 1) Highlight a User Waypoint in the User Waypoint List, or enter a waypoint in the User Waypoint field.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management 5.4 Airspaces FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 can display the following types of airspaces: Class B/TMA, Class C/TCA, Class D, Restricted, MOA (Military), Other Airspace, Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ), and Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR).
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Nearest Airspaces Page, Airspace Alerts Window, and Airspace Alerts on the PFD provide additional information about airspaces and the location of the aircraft in relationship to them. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Airspace Alerts Box allows the pilot to turn the controlled/special-use airspace message alerts on or off. This does not affect the alerts listed on the Nearest Airspaces Page or the airspace boundaries depicted on the Navigation Map Page.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Airspace Alerts Box FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS - Airspace Altitude Buffer - Alert On/Off (Default Settings Shown) DFLTS Softkey Figure 5-47 System Setup Page - Airspace Alerts INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Map ranges for the airspace boundaries are selected from the Aviation Group in the Map Setup Menu: See Table 5-2 for the default and maximum ranges for each type of airspace and the symbol used to
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Nearest Airspaces Page can be used to quickly find airspaces close to the flight path. In addition, a selected frequency associated with the airspace can be loaded from the Nearest Airspaces Page. In addition to displaying a map of airspace boundaries and surrounding area, the Nearest Airspaces Page displays airspace information in four boxes labeled ‘AIRSPACE ALERTS’, ‘AIRSPACE, AGENCY’, VERTICAL LIMITS’, and ‘FREQUENCIES’.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Pressing the PFD ALERTS Softkey displays the message window on the PFD. The following airspace alerts are displayed in the message window: EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message INSIDE ARSPC – Inside airspace. ARSPC AHEAD – Airspace ahead – less than 10 minutes. ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near and ahead. ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near – less than 2 nm. Comments The aircraft is inside the airspace. Special use airspace is ahead of aircraft.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.5 Direct-to-Navigation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Direct-to method of navigation, initiated by pressing the Direct-to Key on either the MFD or PFD, is quicker to use than a flight plan when the desire is to navigate to a single point such as a nearby airport. Once a direct-to is activated, the G1000 establishes a point-to-point course line from the present position to the selected direct-to destination.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Direct-to Point Info - Identifier/Symbol/City - Facility Name FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VNV Constraints - Altitude at Arrival - Along Track Offset Direct-to Point Info - Bearing/Distance - Desired Course EIS Activation Command AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-50 Direct-to Window - PFD Any waypoint can be entered as a direct-to destination from the Direct-to Window.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting an active flight plan waypoint as a direct-to destination: 1) While navigating an active flight plan, press the Direct-to Key. The Direct-to Window is displayed with the active flight plan waypoint as the default selection. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the small FMS Knob counter-clockwise to display a list of flight plan waypoints (the FPL list is populated only when navigating a flight plan). 3) Select the desired waypoint. 4) Press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Selecting a nearby airport as a direct-to destination: 1) Select the NRST Softkey on the PFD; or turn the FMS Knob to display the Nearest Airports Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select the desired airport (the nearest one is already selected). 3) Press the Direct-to Key. 4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed on ‘ACTIVATE?’. 5) Press the ENT Key again to activate the direct-to.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Page Menu FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - Cancel Direct-To Navigation EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-52 Direct-to Window - Cancelling Direct-to Navigation HAZARD AVOIDANCE When navigating a direct-to, the G1000 sets a direct great circle course to the selected destination. The course to a destination can also be manually selected using the course field (‘COURSE’) on the Direct-to Window. Selecting a manual direct-to course: 1) Press the Direct-to Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A direct-to with altitude constraints creates a descent path (and provides guidance to stay on the path) from the aircraft’s current altitude to the altitude of the direct-to waypoint. The altitude is reached at the waypoint, or at the specified distance along the flight path if an offset distance has been entered.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Removing a VNV altitude constraint: 1) Press the Direct-to Key to display the Direct-to Window. 2) Press the MENU Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) With ‘Clear Vertical Constraints’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. Page Menu EIS - Clear Vertical Navigation Constraints AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 5-53 Direct-to Window - Clearing Vertical Constraints AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management 5.6 Flight Planning FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight planning on the G1000 consists of building a flight plan by entering waypoints one at a time, adding waypoints along airways, and inserting departures, airways, arrivals, or approaches as needed. The G1000 allows flight planning information to be entered from either the MFD or PFD.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW The following could cause the airway update to fail: • Airway identifier, entry waypoint or exit waypoint not found in the new database. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Airway entry/exit waypoint is not an acceptable waypoint for the airway – either the waypoint is no longer on the airway, or there is a new directional restriction that prevents it being used. • Loading the new airway sequence would exceed the capacity of the flight plan.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Active Flight Plan Comment Active Flight Plan Leg Active Flight Plan Waypoint List EIS - Waypoint ID - Desired Track to Waypoint - Distance to Waypoint - Airway Identifier AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-55 Active Flight Plan Window on PFD Catalog Contents FLIGHT MANAGEMENT - # Used - # Empty Flight Plan List HAZARD AVOIDANCE - Comment Selected Flight Plan Map AFCS Selected FPL Info - Departure Waypoint - Destination Waypoint - Total Flight P
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Creating an active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor (only on MFD). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window. (Turning it clockwise displays a blank Waypoint Information Window, turning it counter-clockwise displays the Waypoint Information Window with a waypoint selection submenu allowing selection of active flight plan, nearest, recent, or airway waypoints).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Importing a Flight Plan from an SD Card 1) Insert the SD card containing the flight plan in the top card slot on the MFD. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the FPL Key on the Control Unit to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 4) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 5) Turn either FMS Knob to highlight an empty or existing flight plan.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Note: If the imported flight plan contains a waypoint with a name that duplicates the name of a waypoint FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS already stored on the system, the system compares the coordinates of the imported waypoint with those of the existing waypoint. If the coordinates are different, the imported waypoint is automatically renamed by adding characters to the end of the name. Exporting a Flight Plan to an SD Card 1) Insert the SD card into the top card slot on the MFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Adding Waypoints to an Existing Flight Plan FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Waypoints can be added to the active flight plan or any stored flight plan. Choose the flight plan, select the desired point of insertion, enter the waypoint, and it is added in front of the selected waypoint. Flight plans are limited to 99 waypoints (including waypoints within airways and procedures). If the number of waypoints in the flight plan exceeds 99, the message “Flight plan is full.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Adding a waypoint to a stored flight plan: 1) On the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Highlight the desired flight plan. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Select the EDIT Softkey; or press the ENT Key, turn the large FMS Knob clockwise to select “EDIT” and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed. 4) Select the point in the flight plan to add the new waypoint.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Creating and adding user waypoints to the active flight plan: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight Management 2) Select the LD WPT Softkey; or press the MENU Key, select ‘Load Waypoint’, and press the ENT Key. The user waypoint is created with a name of USRxxx (using the next available in sequence) and is added to the end of the active flight plan. 1) Press the Joystick to activate the panning function on the Active Flight Plan Page and pan to the map location of the desired user waypoint.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4) Turn the small FMS Knob one click clockwise and select the LD AIRWY Softkey, or press the MENU Key and select “Load Airway”. The Select Airway Page is displayed. The LD AIRWY Softkey or the “Load Airway” menu item is available only when a valid airway entry waypoint has been chosen (the waypoint ahead of the cursor position). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 5) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired airway from the list, and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Inserted Airway Header FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS - Airway Identifier: [airway identifier].[exit waypoint identifier] (e.g., V4.SLN) Figure 5-64 Active Flight Plan Page - Airway Inserted HAZARD AVOIDANCE Restrictions on Adding Airways Some airways have directional restrictions on all or part of the route.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Adding Procedures to a Stored Flight Plan FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 allows the pilot to insert pre-defined instrument procedures from the navigation database into a flight plan. The procedures are designed to facilitate routing of traffic leaving an airport (departure), arriving at an airport (arrival), and landing at an airport (approach). See the procedures section for more details.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Departure (DP) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Departure Procedure (DP) is loaded at the departure airport in the flight plan. Only one departure can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route is defined by selection of a departure, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Departure Airport FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Departure Selected Runway Preview of Selected Departure Selected Transition Departure Transition Points Available EIS Selected Departure End Point AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-67 Departure Loading Page - Selecting Transition HAZARD AVOIDANCE Inserted Departure Header AFCS - Departure Identifier: [departure airport]-[departure runway]. [departure transition]. [departure end point] (e.g., KMKC-ALL.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Arrival (STAR) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) is loaded at the destination airport in the flight plan. Only one arrival can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route is defined by selection of an arrival, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Destination Airport FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Arrival Selected Transition Transitions Available with DBRY1 EIS Arrival Waypoint Sequence Preview of Selected Arrival AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-70 Arrival Loading Page - Selecting the Transition HAZARD AVOIDANCE Inserted Arrival Header AFCS - Arrival Identifier: [arrival airport]-[arrival transition]. [arrival].[arrival runway] (e.g., KCOS-TBE.DBRY1.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Approach (APPR) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS An Approach Procedure (APPR) can be loaded at any airport that has an approach available. Only one approach can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route for a selected approach is defined by designating transition waypoints.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Destination Airport FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Approach Selected Transition Transitions Available with Selected Approach EIS Preview of Selected Approach Approach Waypoint Sequence AUDIO PANEL & CNS Load Approach? FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-73 Approach Loading Page - Selecting the Transition HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS Inserted Approach Header - Approach Identifier: [approach airport].[runway and approach type] (e.g.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Flight Plan Storage FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 can store up to 99 flight plans, numbered 1 through 99. The active flight plan is erased when the G1000 is powered off or when another flight plan is activated. Details about each stored flight plan can be viewed on the Flight Plan Catalog Page and on the Stored Flight Plan Page. Viewing information about a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key on the MFD to display the Active Flight Plan Page.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. The flight plan is stored in the next available position in the flight plan list on the Flight Plan Catalog Page. Sort Flight Plans FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The stored flight plans can be sorted alphanumerically based on the flight plan name (comment) assigned to each flight plan. Sorting by flight plan name (comment): 1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small FMS Knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Copying a stored flight plan on the MFD: 1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small FMS Knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the desired flight plan. 3) Select the COPY Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Copy Flight Plan’, and press the ENT Key. The ‘Copy to Flight Plan XX?’ window is displayed.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Deleting Flight Plan Items FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Individual waypoints, entire airways, and entire procedures can be deleted from a flight plan. Some waypoints in the final approach segment (such as the FAF or MAP) can not be deleted individually. Attempting to delete a waypoint that is not allowed results in a window displaying ‘Invalid flight plan modification.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Deleting an individual waypoint from a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the small FMS Knob clockwise one click to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 3) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the flight plan to be edited. 4) Select the EDIT Softkey; or press the MENU Key, select ‘Edit Flight Plan’ and press the ENT Key.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob clockwise one click to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 3) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the flight plan to be edited. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 4) Select the EDIT Softkey; or press the MENU Key, select ‘Edit Flight Plan’ and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Along Track Offsets FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A waypoint having an “along track offset” distance from an existing waypoint can be entered into a flight plan. Along track offset waypoints lie along the path of the existing flight plan, and can be used to make the system reach a specified altitude before or after reaching the specified flight plan waypoint. Offset distances can be entered from 1 to 99 nm in increments of 1 nm.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4) Enter a positive or negative offset distance in the range of +/- 1 to 99 nm (limited by leg distances). 5) Press the ENT Key to create the offset waypoint. 6) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Parallel Track The Parallel Track (PTK) feature allows creation of a parallel course offset of 1 to 50 nm left or right of the current flight plan.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Offset Direction Offset Distance AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Activation Prompt HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-78 Parallel Track Window Parallel Track Waypoints - TIFTO-p - TOP-p - ULNAZ-p - ... - LAA-p Activating Parallel Track affects the entire active flight segment (e.g.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW indicates that the system is unable to activate the parallel track with the message ‘Parallel Track Unavailable Approach Leg Active’. If the offset direction and distance results in an unreasonable route geometry the status indicates that the system is unable to activate the parallel track because of invalid geometry.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Activating a Flight Plan Leg FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight Management Activating a flight plan leg: The G1000 allows selection of a highlighted leg as the “active leg” (the flight plan leg which is currently used for navigation guidance).
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS New Active Flight Plan Leg EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Confirmation Window FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-83 Active Flight Plan Page - New Active Leg Inverting a Flight Plan HAZARD AVOIDANCE Any flight plan may be inverted (reversed) for navigation back to the original departure point.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Flight Plan Views FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Information about flight plans can be viewed in more than one way. The active flight plan can be configured to show cumulative distance over the length of the flight plan or the distance for each leg of the flight plan; and the active flight plan can be viewed in a narrow or wide view.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Active Flight Plan Narrow View Active Flight Plan Wide View FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT WIDE Softkey, NARROW Softkey, LEG-LEG Softkey, CUM Softkey Figure 5-85 Active Flight Plan - Wide vs. Narrow View HAZARD AVOIDANCE Collapsing Airways The G1000 allows airways on the active flight plan to be collapsed or expanded from the Active Flight Plan Page/Window. When airways have been collapsed, it is indicated on the airway heading.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Q3.FEPOT Airway EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Collapsed View Expanded View AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-86 Expanded/Collapsed Airways Collapsing/expanding the airways in the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 2) Press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Collapse Airways’ or ‘Expand Airways’, and press the ENT Key. The airways are collapsed/expanded.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.7 Vertical Navigation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Note: The G1000 supports vertical navigation for all lateral leg types except for CA, CI, FA, FM, HA, HM, PI, VA, VD, VI, VR, and VM. Vertical constraints are not retained in stored flight plans. Current Vertical Navigation Profile EIS The G1000 system Vertical Navigation (VNV) feature provides vertical profile guidance during the enroute and teminal phases of flight.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Disabling VNV guidance: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select the CNCL VNV Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Cancel VNV’, and press the ENT Key. Vertical navigation is disabled. EIS Canceling vertical navigation results in vertical deviation (V DEV), vertical speed required (VS REQ), and time to top of descent/bottom of descent (TIME TO TOD/BOD) going invalid.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Activating a vertical navigation direct-to: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the desired waypoint. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Note: The selected waypoint must have a designated altitude constraint (light blue number) to be used. If not, the first waypoint in the flight plan with a designated altitude constraint is selected.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Altitude Constraints FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 system can use altitude constraints associated with lateral waypoints to give guidance for vertical navigation. These altitudes are, depending on the specific instance, manually entered or retrieved from the published altitudes in the navigation database. The navigation database only contains altitudes for procedures that call for “Cross at” altitudes.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Altitudes that have been designated for use in vertical guidance can be “un-designated” using the CLR Key. The altitude is now displayed only as a reference. It is not used to give vertical guidance. Other displayed altitudes may change due to re-calculations or be rendered invalid as a result of manually changing an altitude to a non-designated altitude.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Altitude constraints can be modified or deleted after having been added to the flight plan. In the event an altitude constraint is deleted and the navigation database contains an altitude restriction for the lateral waypoint, the G1000 displays the altitude restriction from the database provided no predicted altitude can be provided. The G1000 also provides a way to reinstate a published altitude constraint that has been edited.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.8 Procedures FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 can access the whole range of instrument procedures available. Departures (DPs), arrivals (STARs), and non-precision and precision approaches (APPRs) are stored within the database and can be loaded using any Procedures (PROC) Key. EIS The selected procedure for the departure or arrival airport is added to the active flight plan.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Available Procedure Actions FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Departure Airport Loaded Procedures Departure Choices Departure Preview Figure 5-90 Departure Selection Loaded Departure APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selected Departure Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys INDEX Figure 5-91 Departure Loading 238 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Viewing available departures at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), select the DP Softkey. The Departure Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport information Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) To select another airport, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, enter an identifier/facility name/city, and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Arrivals FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) can be loaded at any airport that has one available. Only one arrival can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. If an arrival is loaded when another arrival is already in the active flight plan, the new arrival replaces the previous arrival. The route is defined by selection of an arrival, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selected Arrival Loaded Arrival FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys Figure 5-93 Arrival Loading Viewing available arrivals at an airport: HAZARD AVOIDANCE 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), select the STAR Softkey. The Arrival Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport Information Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Removing an Arrival from the Active Flight Plan When plans change while flying IFR, arrivals can be easily removed from the Active Flight Plan. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Removing an arrival from the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) 2) Press the MENU Key, and highlight ‘Remove Arrival’. 3) Press the ENT Key. A confirmation window is displayed listing the arrival procedure.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Example on HSI EIS Approach Type - LNAV - LNAV+V - L/VNAV - LPV AUDIO PANEL & CNS HSI Annunciation Description LNAV GPS approach using published LNAV minima LNAV+V GPS approach using published LNAV minima. Advisory vertical guidance is provided L/VNAV GPS approach using published LNAV/VNAV minima LPV GPS approach using published LPV minima FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 WAAS GPS allows for flying LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, and LPV approaches according to the published chart.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Destination Airport FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Available Procedure Actions Loaded Procedures Approach Preview Approach Choices Figure 5-94 Approach Selection Loaded Approach APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selected Approach Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys LOAD or ACTIVATE? Annunciation INDEX Figure 5-95 Approach Loading 244 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-0066
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Viewing available approaches at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), select the APR Softkey. The Departure Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport information Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) To select another airport, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, enter an identifier/facility name/city, and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Activating an Approach A previously loaded approach can be activated from the Procedures Window. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Activating a previously loaded approach: 1) Press the PROC Key. The Procedures Window is displayed with ‘Activate Approach’ highlighted. 2) Press the ENT Key to activate the approach. EIS In many cases, it may be easiest to “load” the full approach while still some distance away, enroute to the destination airport.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Missed Approach Activating a missed approach in the active flight plan: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the PROC Key. 2) Turn the FMS Knob to highlight ‘ACTIVATE MISSED APPROACH’. 3) Press the ENT Key. The aircraft automatically sequences to the MAHP. Or: Press the Go-Around Button. EIS Course To Altitude AUDIO PANEL & CNS In this missed approach procedure, the altitude immediately following the MAP (in this case ‘6368ft’) is not part of the published procedure.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management 5.9 Trip Planning FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 allows the pilot to view trip planning information, fuel information, and other information for a specified flight plan or flight plan leg based on automatic data, or based on manually entered data. Weight planning is also available, based on manually entered fuel data and the active flight plan (to estimate remaining fuel).
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW • Calibrated airspeed (CALIBRATED AS) - The primary source is from the air data system, and the secondary source of information is GPS ground speed. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Indicated altitude (IND ALTITUDE) - The primary source is the barometric altitude, and the secondary source of information is GPS altitude. Trip Statistics The trip statistics are calculated based on the selected starting and ending waypoints and the trip planning inputs.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Fuel Statistics FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The fuel statistics are calculated based on the selected starting and ending waypoints and the trip planning inputs. Some of the calculated trip statistics are dashed when the selected leg of the active flight plan has already been flown. • Fuel efficiency (EFFICIENCY) - This value is calculated by dividing the current ground speed by the current fuel flow. • Time of fuel endurance (TOTAL ENDUR) - This time is shown as hours:minutes.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selected Flight Plan Selected Leg(s) Not Available Not Available FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Starting and Ending Waypoints Figure 5-99 Trip Planning Page - Waypoint Mode Selecting automatic or manual page mode: EIS Select the AUTO Softkey or the MANUAL Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Auto Mode’ or ‘Manual Mode’, and press the ENT Key.
Weight Planning Note: All weight planning page data fields display data rounded to the nearest 10 pounds or 5 kilograms.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Entering the number of passengers: 1) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and highlight the ‘PASSENGERS #’ field. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to enter the number of passengers. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Press the ENT Key to confirm the entry. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. Entering the average passenger weight: 1) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and highlight the passenger weight field.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW When the aircraft is in the air and a destination waypoint has been entered, the fuel calculations can be completed. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight Management • Estimated landing fuel weight = fuel on board weight - (fuel flow x ETE) • Estimated landing weight = zero fuel weight + estimated landing fuel weight.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.10 RAIM Prediction FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) is a GPS receiver function that performs a consistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensures that the available satellite geometry allows the receiver to calculate a position within a specified RAIM protection limit (2.0 nm for oceanic, 2.0 nm for enroute, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window. (Turning it clockwise displays a blank Waypoint Information Window, turning it counter-clockwise displays the Waypoint Information Window with a waypoint selection submenu allowing selection of active flight plan, nearest, recent, or airway waypoints).
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW SBAS Status FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SBAS SELECTION Box - WAAS Enable/Disable EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT RAIM Softkey SBAS Softkey (displays SBAS Selection) (displays RAIM PREDICTION) Figure 5-102 SBAS Display - Active HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Enabling/Disabling SBAS: 1) Select the AUX-GPS Status Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the FMS Knob, and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘MSAS’ or ‘WAAS’. 3) Press the ENT Key to disable SBAS. Press the ENT Key again to enable SBAS.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.11 Navigating a Flight Plan FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The following discussion is an example of navigating a flight plan with the WAAS capable GPS system while the G1000 provides vertical guidance through descents. A lateral flight plan (LNAV) would be navigated in much the same way, but would not include vertical guidance when the final approach course is active. nOTE: The following example flight plan is for instructional purposes only.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) ATC now assigns routing to join V4. A heading of 290º is assigned to intercept V4. The aircraft turns to heading 290° as seen in Figure 5-105. HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 5-105 Assigned Heading of 290º 4) Enter V4 into the flight plan. INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW b) The desired entry point for V4 (TOP) must be entered. Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired flight plan insertion point (SLN) as shown in Figure 5-106. When the V4 entry point (TOP) is inserted, it is placed immediately above the highlighted waypoint (SLN). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-106 Begin Adding V4 to the Flight Plan c) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS d) Press the ENT Key. TOP is inserted into the flight plan as in Figure 5-108. Figure 5-108 TOP Inserted into the Flight Plan FLIGHT MANAGEMENT e) With SLN still highlighted as in Figure 5-108, turn the small FMS Knob clockwise. The Waypoint Information Page is displayed and the LD AIRWY Softkey is now available.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW h) Press the ENT Key. The list of available exits for V4 is now displayed as in Figure 5-110. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-110 List of Available Exits for V4 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT i) If necessary, turn either FMS Knob to select the desired exit. In this case Salina VOR (SLN) is selected as in Figure 5-110. j) Press the ENT Key. The selected airway and exit are displayed, and the prompt “LOAD?” highlighted as in Figure 5-111.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS l) V4 is now loaded into the flight plan as shown in Figure 5-112. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-112 V4 is Loaded in the Flight Plan 5) Making V4 the active leg of the flight plan. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. HAZARD AVOIDANCE b) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ULNAZ. The TO waypoint of the leg is selected in order to activate the leg. AFCS c) Select the ACT LEG Softkey.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS d) Verify the displayed leg is the desired leg and press the ENT Key. Note in Figure 5-114, the magenta arrow in the flight plan window and magenta line on the map indicating V4 is now the active flight plan leg. Note the phase of flight remained in Terminal (TERM) mode up to this point because a departure leg was active. Since a leg after the departure is now active, the current CDI flight phase is ENR (Enroute) and CDI scaling has changed to 2.0 nm.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 7) As the CDI approaches center, the aircraft turns onto the active leg as seen in Figure 5-115. HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 5-115 Turn on to Active Leg APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS 8) At SLN, Victor Airway 244 (V244) is intercepted. Turn prompts are displayed in the PFD Navigation Status Box as seen in Figure 5-116.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 9) As seen in Figure 5-117, V244 is now the active flight plan leg. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-117 V244 Now Active Leg HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 10) At Lamar VOR (LAA) V263 is intercepted. See Figure 5-118. HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 5-118 WIZGE to LAA Leg Active 11) ATC grants clearance to proceed direct to the OPSHN intersection to begin the arrival procedure. ATC advises to expect an altitude of 10,000 feet at OPSHN. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW c) Press the Direct-to ( ) Key. The Direct-to Window is now displayed as shown in Figure 5-119. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-119 Direct To OPSHN d) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the cursor in the VNV altitude field as shown in Figure 5-120. HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES Figure 5-120 Enter VNV Altitude e) An altitude of 10,000 feet is entered as requested by ATC. INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS f) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed in the VNV offset field as shown in Figure 5-121. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-121 Enter VNV Offset Distance INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE g) Enter the offset, or distance from the waypoint at which to reach the selected altitude. In this case, three miles prior to OPSHN is entered.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS h) Press the ENT Key twice to activate the direct-to. Note, in Figure 5-122, the magenta arrow indicating the directto OPSHN after the offset waypoint for OPSHN. The preceding offset waypoint indicates the offset distance and altitude that were previously entered. The remaining waypoints in the loaded arrival procedure have no database specified altitudes, therefore, dashes are displayed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS b) ‘SELECT APPROACH’ should be highlighted as shown in Figure 5-123. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-123 Proceudures Window ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE c) Press the ENT Key. A list of available approaches for the destination airport is displayed as in Figure 5-124. APPENDICES Figure 5-124 List of Available Approaches INDEX d) Turn either FMS Knob to select the LPV approach for 35R as shown in Figure 5-124.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW e) Press the ENT Key. A list of available transitions for the selected approach is displayed as in Figure 5-125. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-125 List of Available Transitions f) Turn either FMS Knob to select the desired transition. In this case, the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) at HABUK is used. g) Press the ENT Key.
AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-126 Barometric Minimums Set APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE i) With ‘LOAD?’ highlighted, again press the ENT Key. The selected approach is added to the flight plan as seen in Figure 5-127. INDEX Figure 5-127 Loaded Approach 274 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 13) Note the altitude constraints associated with each of the approach waypoints as seen in Figure 5-128. These altitudes are loaded from the database and are displayed as light blue text, indicating these values are “designated” for use in computing vertical deviation guidance. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. b) Turn the small FMS Knob to highlight the desired altitude. c) Press the CLR Key. d) Press the FMS Knob to deactivate the cursor.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management 14) As the aircraft approaches OPSHN, it may be desirable to adjust the speed, or steepness of the upcoming descent. The default Flight Path Angle (FPA) is -3.0 degrees and a required vertical speed is computed to maintain the -3.0 FPA. To change the vertical flight path, perform the following steps. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS a) Select the VNV PROF Softkey to place the cursor in the target vertical speed field (VS TGT) as shown in Figure 5-129.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 15) As seen in Figure 5-130, the aircraft is approaching TOD. Note the target vertical speed required to reach the selected altitude. The Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI) and the Required Vertical Speed Indicator (RVSI) are now displayed on the PFD as shown in Figure 5-131. When the aircraft is within one minute of the TOD, it is annunciated as shown in Figure 5-131, and an aural alert ‘Vertical track’ will be heard.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 16) Upon reaching TOD, a descent vertical speed is established which places the VSI pointer in line with the RVSI as shown in Figure 5-132.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 18) The aircraft is approaching OPSHN. The upcoming turn and next heading are annunciated at the top left of the PFD as seen in Figure 5-134. Initiate the turn and maneuver the aircraft on a track through the turn radius to intercept the magenta line for the OPSHN to FSHER leg and center the CDI.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 19) After passing OPSHN, the next leg of the arrival turns magenta as shown in Figure 5-135. The magenta arrow in the flight plan list now indicates the OPSHN to FSHER leg of the arrival procedure is now active. HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 5-135 Tracking the OPSHN to FSHER Leg 20) The flight continues through the arrival procedure to PYNON (see Figure 5-136).
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX Figure 5-136 Approaching PYNON 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 21) Upon passing PYNON the approach procedure automatically becomes active. The approach may be activated at any point to proceed directly to the IAF. In this example, the aircraft has progressed through the final waypoint of the arrival and the flight plan has automatically sequenced to the IAF as the active leg, activating the approach procedure (see Figure 5-137).
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 22) The IAF is the next waypoint. At the TOD, establish a descent vertical speed as previously discussed in Step 16. The aircraft altitude is 9,000 feet upon reaching HABUK. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 5-139 Descending Turn to the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 23) After crossing FALUR the next waypoint is the FAF. The flight phase changes to LPV on the HSI indicating the current phase of flight is in Approach Mode and the approach type is LPV. CDI scaling changes accordingly and is used much like a localizer when flying an ILS approach.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 24) After crossing CEGIX, the aircraft continues following the glidepath to maintain the descent to “AT or ABOVE” 6,370 feet at the Missed Approach Point (MAP) (RW35R) as seen in Figure 5-141. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-141 Descending to the Missed Approach Point HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS In this missed approach procedure, the altitude immediately following the MAP (in this case ‘6368ft’) is not part of the published procedure.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW A direct-to is initiated to MOGAL, which is the Missed Approach Hold Point (MAHP) as seen in Figure 5-142. The aircraft is climbing to 10,000 feet. The CDI flight phase now changes from LPV to MAPR as seen on the HSI. APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS 25) Upon reaching the MAP, it is decided to execute a missed approach. Automatic waypoint sequencing is suspended past the MAP.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW 26) The aircraft continues climbing to “AT or ABOVE” 10,000 feet at MOGAL. A holding pattern is established at the MAHP (MOGAL) as shown in Figure 5-143. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-143 Establishing the Holding Pattern HAZARD AVOIDANCE 27) The aircraft maintains 10,000 feet while following the magenta line through the hold as in Figure 5-144.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management 5.12 Abnormal Operation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS This section discusses the Dead Reckoning mode of operation and the subsequent indications. Note: Dead Reckoning Mode only functions in Enroute (ENR) or Oceanic (OCN) phase of flight. In all other phases, an invalid GPS solution produces a “NO GPS POSITION” annunciation on the map and the G1000 stops using GPS.
Flight Management SYSTEM OVERVIEW Distance & Bearing FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Current Track Indicator EIS Dead Reckoning Annunciaion Wind Data GPS Navigation Lost Message AUDIO PANEL & CNS Course Deviation Indicator FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Bearing Pointer/ Distance Wind Data Nav Data Bar HAZARD AVOIDANCE All data except Active Leg, TAS, and DTK are in yellow Dead Reckoning Annunciation AFCS Subdued Aircraft Symbol ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES Figure 5-145 Dead Reckoning Mode - GPS Derived Data Shown i
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Management Blank Page 290 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Section 6 Hazard Avoidance FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Hazard avoidance features available for the G1000 are designed to aid situational awareness and provide advisory information with regard to potential hazards to flight safety associated with weather, terrain, and air traffic.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Contact the installer if the Audio and Data Radio IDs cannot be located. XM Satellite Radio uses the coded IDs to send an activation signal that allows the G1000 to display weather data and/or entertainment programming provided through the GDL 69A. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Activating XM Satellite Weather and XM Satellite Radio services: 1) Contact XM Satellite Radio by email (address listed on their website, www.xmradio.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Using XM Satellite Weather Products The primary map for viewing XM Weather data is the Weather Data Link Page in the Map Page Group. This is the only G1000 map display capable of showing information for all available XM weather products. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Viewing the Weather Data Link Page: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Weather Data Link Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Expiration Time (Minutes) 30 Refresh Rate (Minutes) 5 Cloud Top (CLD TOP) 60 15 Echo Top (ECHO TOP) 30 7.5 XM Lightning (LTNG) 30 5 Cell Movement (CELL MOV) 30 1.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Cloud Top (CLD TOP) + Echo Top (ECHO TOP) + Nearest Page Group Flight Plan Pages + AUX - Trip Planning Page Weather Data Link Page + Weather Information Page Navigation Map Page + + + + + + + + + + Cell Movement (CELL MOV) + + + + + + + + + SIGMETs/AIRMETs (SIG/AIR) + METARs + City Forecast (CITY) + Surface Analysis (SFC) + Freezing Levels (FRZ LVL) + Winds Aloft (WIND) + County Warnings (COUNTY) + Cyclone Warnings (CYCLONE) +
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Weather Softkeys on the Weather Data Link Page FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Softkeys control the display of weather information on most MFD pages and the PFD Inset Map (Figure 6-3 shows the weather product softkeys for the Weather Data Link Page). When a weather product is selected for display, the corresponding softkey label changes to gray to indicate the product is enabled. Unavailable weather products have subdued softkey labels (softkeys are disabled from selection).
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Setting up and customizing the Weather Data Link Page: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) With ‘Weather Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-4). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select ‘XM Product Group 1’ or ‘XM Product Group 2’, and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-5). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through product selections.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Maps besides the Weather Data Link Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page. Setting up and customizing weather data for the Navigation Map Page: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Map Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-6). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the ‘Weather’ Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-7).
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Each active weather product has an associated legend which can be displayed on the Weather Data Link Page. Viewing legends for displayed weather products FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Select the LEGEND Softkey to display the legends for the displayed weather products. Or: a) Press the MENU Key. b) Select ‘Weather Legend’ and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW NEXRAD FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Hazard Avoidance WSR-88D, or NEXRAD (NEXt-generation RADar), is a network of 158 high-resolution Doppler radar systems that are operated by the National Weather Service (NWS). NEXRAD data provides centralized meteorological information for the continental United States and selected overseas locations. The maximum range of a single NEXRAD radar site is 250 nm.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Displaying NEXRAD weather information: 1) Select the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, press the INSET Softkey). This step is not necessary on the Weather Data Link Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select the NEXRAD Softkey. Composite data from all the NEXRAD radar sites in the United States is shown. This data is composed of the maximum reflectivity from the individual radar sweeps. The display of the information is color-coded to indicate the weather severity level.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance • NEXRAD base reflectivity is sampled at the minimum antenna elevation angle. An individual NEXRAD site cannot depict high altitude storms at close ranges. It has no information about storms directly over the site. EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • When zoomed in to a range of 30 nm, each square block on the display represents an area of four square kilometers.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW NEXRAD Limitations (Canada) • Radar coverage extends to 55ºN. • Any precipitation displayed between 52ºN and 55ºN is displayed as mixed because it is unknown. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS No Coverage Above 55°N AUDIO PANEL & CNS Precipitation Above 52°N Displays as Mixed FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-13 NEXRAD Data - Canada AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Echo Tops FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Hazard Avoidance Echo Tops data (Figure 6-14) shows the location, elevation, and direction of the highest radar echo. The highest radar echo does not indicate the top of a storm or clouds; rather it indicates the highest altitude at which precipitation is detected. Information is derived from NEXRAD data. HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Note: Display of Echo Tops is mutually exclusive with Cloud Tops and NEXRAD.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Cloud TOPs Note: Cloud Tops and Echo Tops cannot be displayed at the same time. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Cloud Tops data (Figure 6-16) depicts cloud top altitudes as determined from satellite imagery. EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-16 Cloud Tops Data Displaying Cloud Tops information: AFCS 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the CLD TOP Softkey.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance XM Lightning FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Note: XM Lightning and optional L-3 STORMSCOPE® WX-500 Lightning are mutually exclusive. AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Lightning data (Figure 6-18) shows the approximate location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. A strike icon represents a strike that has occurred within a two-kilometer region. The exact location of the lightning strike is not displayed.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Cell Movement FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Cell Movement data (Figure 6-20) shows the location and movement of storm cells as identified by the ground-based system. Cells are represented by yellow squares, with direction of movement indicated with short, orange arrows.. EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Storm Cells FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-20 Cell Movement Data On most applicable maps, Cell Movement data is selected for display along with NEXRAD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance SIGMETS and AIRMETS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SIGMET (SIGnificant METeorological Information) and AIRMET (AIRmen’s METeorological Information) are issued for potentially hazardous weather. A Convective SIGMET is issued for hazardous convective weather such as severe or widespread thunderstorms. AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Airmet HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Sigmet Figure 6-22 SIGMET/AIRMET Data Displaying SIGMETs and AIRMETs: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW METARs and TAFs NOTE: Atmospheric pressure as reported for METARs is given in hectopascals (hPa), except for in the United FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS States, where it is reported in inches of mercury (in Hg). Temperatures are reported in Celsius. Note: METAR information is only displayed within the installed aviation database service area.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Displaying METAR and TAF text: 1) On the Weather Data Link Page, select the METAR Softkey. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the RANGE Knob and pan to the desired airport. 3) Press the ENT Key. The Weather Information Page is shown with METAR and TAF text. 4) Use the FMS Knob or the ENT Key to scroll through the METAR and TAF text. METAR text must be completely scrolled through before scrolling through the TAF text.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS To display the METAR legend (Figure 6-26) on the Weather Data Link Page, select the LEGEND Softkey when METARs are selected for display. The METAR flag color is determined by the information in the METAR text. A gray METAR flag is displayed when the METAR text does not contain adequate information.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Displaying Surface Analysis and City Forecast information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the SFC Softkey. HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS 4) Choose the desired forecast time: CURRENT, 12 HR, 24 HR, 36 HR, or 48 HR. The SFC Softkey label changes to reflect the forecast time selected.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Freezing Level FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Freezing Level data (Figure 6-29) shows the color-coded contour lines for the altitude and location at which the first isotherm is found. When no data is displayed for a given altitude, the data for that altitude has not been received, or is out of date and has been removed from the display. New data appears at the next update.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Winds Aloft FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Winds Aloft data (Figure 6-31) shows the forecast wind speed and direction at the surface and at selected altitudes. Altitude can be displayed in 3000-foot increments up to 42,000 feet MSL. Displaying Winds Aloft data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the WIND Softkey.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW County Warnings FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS County warning data (Figure 6-33) provides specific public awareness and protection weather warnings from the National Weather Service (NWS). This can include information on fires, tornadoes, severe thunderstorms, flood conditions, and other natural disasters.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Cyclone AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Cyclone weather product (Figure 6-35) shows the current location of cyclones (hurricanes) and their projected tracks. HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Cyclone Figure 6-35 Cyclone Data Selected for Display Displaying cyclone (hurricane) track information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page with the FMS Knob. AFCS 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the CYCLONE Softkey.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Icing (CIP & SLD) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Current Icing Product (CIP) data (Figure 6-37) shows a graphical view of the current icing environment. Icing severity is displayed in four categories: light, moderate, severe, and extreme (not specific to aircraft type). The CIP product is not a forecast, but a presentation of the current conditions at the time of the analysis.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Turbulence FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Turbulence data (Figure 6-39) identifies the potential for erratic movement of high-altitude air mass associated winds. Turbulence is classified as light, moderate, severe or extreme, at altitudes between 21,000 and 45,000 feet.Turbulence data is intended to supplement AIRMETs and SIGMETs. Displaying Turbulence data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. EIS 3) Select the TURB Softkey.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW PIREPs and AIREPs FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs) (Figure 6-41) provide timely weather information for a particular route of flight. When significant weather conditions are reported or forecast, Air Traffic Control (ATC) facilities are required to solicit PIREPs. A PIREP may contain unforecast adverse weather conditions, such as low in-flight visibility, icing conditions, wind shear, and turbulence.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance EIS Decoded PIREP Text FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS Raw PIREP Text Figure 6-42 PIREP Text on the Weather Data Link Page HAZARD AVOIDANCE To display the PIREP or AIREP legend (Figure 6-43), press the LEGEND Softkey when PIREPs or AIREPs are selected for display. AFCS The PIREP color is determined by the type (routine or urgent).
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW 6.2 Airborne Color Weather Radar System Description FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Garmin GWX 68 Airborne Color Weather Radar is a four-color digital pulsed radar with 6.5 kilowatts of output power. It combines excellent range and adjustable scanning profiles with a high-definition target display. The pulse width is four microseconds (µs) on all ranges except the 2.5 nm range.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance NEXRAD and Airborne Weather Radar FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Both Airborne Weather Radar and NEXRAD measure weather reflectivity in decibels (dB). A decibel is a logarithmic expression of the ratio of two quantities. Airborne Weather Radar measures the ratio of power against the gain of the antenna, while NEXRAD measures the energy reflected back to the radar, or the radar reflectivity ratio.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Radar Signal Attenuation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The phenomenon of radar signal attenuation affects the operation of weather radar. When the radar signal is transmitted, it is progressively absorbed and scattered, making the signal weaker. This weakening, or attenuation, is caused by two primary sources, distance and precipitation.
AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Figure 6-46 Precipitation Type and Reflectivity FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The intensity of ground target returns depends upon the angle at which the radar beam strikes the ground target (Angle of Incidence) and the reflective properties of that target. The gain can be adjusted so shorelines, rivers, lakes, and cities are well-defined.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Angle of Incidence FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The angle at which the radar beam strikes the target is called the Angle of Incidence. The figure illustrates the incident angle (‘A’). This directly affects the detectable range, the area of illumination, and the intensity of the displayed target returns. A large incident angle gives the radar system a smaller detectable range and lower display intensity due to minimized reflection of the radar energy.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Maximum Permissible Exposure Level (MPEL) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The zone in which the radiation level exceeds the US Government standard of 1 mW/cm2 is the semicircular area of at least 11 feet from the 12-inch antenna. All personnel must remain outside of this zone. With a scanning or rotating beam, the averaged power density at the MPEL boundary is significantly reduced.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the aircraft is above 29,000 feet, be cautious of any target return that gets to within 30 nautical miles. This is likely a thunderstorm that has a top high enough that the aircraft cannot fly over it safely. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If the aircraft altitude is 15,000 feet or lower, setting the displayed range to 60 miles may be more helpful. Closely monitor anything that enters the display.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Thunderstorms FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Updrafts and downdrafts in thunderstorms carry water through the cloud. The more severe the drafts, the greater the number and size of the precipitation droplets. With this in mind, the following interpretations can be made from what is displayed on the weather radar. Avoid these areas by an extra wide margin.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS Figure 6-51 The Blind Alley - Horizontal Scan AUDIO PANEL & CNS In areas of multiple heavy cells, use the Vertical Scan feature along with antenna tilt management to examine the areas. Remember to avoid shadowed areas behind targets.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Hail FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Hail results from updrafts carrying water high enough to freeze. Therefore, the higher the top of a thunderstorm, the greater the probability that it contains hail. Vertically scanning the target return can give the radar top of a thunderstorm that contains hail. Radar top is the top of a storm cell as detected by radar. It is not the actual top, or true top of the storm.
Hazard Avoidance Scan Line SYSTEM OVERVIEW Radar Mode Antenna Stabilization Status FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 6-53 Horizontal Scan Display Displaying weather on the Weather Radar Page: 1) Select the Weather Radar Page in the Map Page Group with the FMS Knob. HAZARD AVOIDANCE 2) Select the MODE Softkey. 3) While on the ground, select the STANDBY Softkey. A one-minute warm-up period is initiated (countdown is displayed on the screen).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Vertically scanning a storm cell: NOTE: Vertical scanning of a storm cell should be done with the aircraft wings level to avoid constant FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS adjustment of the Bearing Line. 1) While in the Horizontal Scan view, select the BRG Softkey. This places the cursor in the BEARING field and displays the Bearing Line. If the Bearing Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Bearing Line. Press the ENT Key.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 6-56 Vertical Scan Display FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Adjusting Antenna Tilt Angle HAZARD AVOIDANCE In order to make an accurate interpretation of a storm cell, the radar beam should be pointed at the wet part of the weather cell to record the proper rainfall intensity (color level). The ideal aiming point is just below the freezing level of the storm. The best way to find this point is to use the Vertical Scan feature.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Tilt Line Scan Line Figure 6-57 Adjusting Tilt on Vertical Scan Display HAZARD AVOIDANCE Adjusting Gain AFCS WARNING: Changing the gain in weather mode causes precipitation intensity to be displayed as a color not representative of the true intensity. Remember to return the gain setting to Calibrated for viewing the actual intensity of precipitation.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Manual Gain Set Below Calibrated Calibrated Gain FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 6-58 Gain Calibration Sector Scan HAZARD AVOIDANCE 1) While in horizontal scan mode, select the BRG Softkey to display the Bearing Line and place the cursor in the BEARING field. If the Bearing Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Bearing Line. 2) Press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to place the Bearing Line in the desired position. The location of the Bearing Line becomes the center point of the Sector Scan. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the cursor in the SECTOR SCAN field. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to select FULL, 60˚, 40˚, or 20˚ scan. 6) If desired, readjust the Bearing Line as discussed previously to change the center of the Sector Scan.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Weather Attenuated Color Highlight (WATCH™) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS While in horizontal scan mode, this feature can be used as a tool to determine areas of possible inaccuracies in displayed intensity due to weakening of the radar energy. This weakening is known as attenuation. The radar energy weakens as it passes through areas of intense precipitation, large areas of lesser precipitation, and distance. Issues with the radome also attenuates the radar energy.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Weather Alert FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Weather Alert feature indicates the presence of heavy precipitation between the ranges of 80 and 320 nm regardless of the currently displayed range. Weather Alert targets appear as red bands along the outer range ring at the approximate azimuth of the detected returns. If a Weather Alert is detected within ±10° of the aircraft heading, an alert is displayed on the PFD in the Messages Window.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Ground Mapping and Interpretation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A secondary use of the weather radar system is for the presentation of terrain. This can be a useful tool for verifying aircraft position. A picture of the ground is represented much like a topographical map that can be used as a supplement to the navigation map on the MFD. Ground Map mode uses a different gain range than Weather mode. Different colors are also used to represent the intensity levels.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 6.3 Stormscope WX-500 Series II Weather Mapping Sensor (Optional) NOTE: The Stormscope system is not intended for hazardous thunderstorm penetration. Weather information on the G1000 MFD is approved for weather avoidance only. Refer to the WX-500 User’s Guide for a detailed description of Stormscope operation. Note: L-3 STORMSCOPE® WX-500 Lightning and GDL 69/69A XM® Satellite Weather Lightning are EIS mutually exclusive.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Setting Up Stormscope on the Navigation Map Setting up Stormscope options on the Navigation Map: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) On the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key. 2) With ‘Map Setup’ selected (Figure 6-64), press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the group selection window. Turn the small FMS Knob to select ‘Weather’ (Figure 6-65), and press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight and move between the product selections.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Cell and Strike Mode on the Navigation Map FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS On the Navigation Map, cell mode identifies cells of lightning activity (Figure 6-66). Stormscope identifies clusters of electrical activity that indicate cells. Strike mode indicates the approximate location of lightning strikes. Selecting the ‘cell’ or ‘strike’ mode on the Navigation Map: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) With ‘Map Setup’ selected, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-64).
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW If heading input is lost, strikes and/or cells must be cleared manually after the execution of each turn (Figure 6-67). This is to ensure that the strike and/or cell positions are depicted accurately in relation to the nose of the aircraft. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Manually clearing Stormscope data on the Navigation Map: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select ‘Clear Stormscope Lightning’ (Figure 6-67). 3) Press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Selecting a Stormscope range on the Navigation Map: 1) Press the MENU Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select ‘MAP SETUP’. 3) Select the ‘Weather’ group. 4) Press the ENT Key. 5) Turn the large FMS Knob to select ‘STRMSCP SMBL’. 6) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the maximum display range. EIS 7) Press the ENT Key. 8) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Changing between ‘cell’ and ‘strike’ mode: 1) Select the Stormscope Page. 2) Select the MODE Softkey. The CELL and STRIKE softkeys are displayed. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Select the CELL Softkey to display ‘CELL’ data or press the STRIKE Softkey to display ‘STRIKE’ data. ‘CELL’ or ‘STRIKE’ is displayed in the mode box in the upper left corner of the Stormscope Page. 4) Select the BACK Softkey to return to the Stormscope Page. Or: EIS 1) Select the Stormscope Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Changing the viewing mode between 360˚ and 120˚: 1) Select the Stormscope Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select the VIEW Softkey. The 360 and ARC softkeys are displayed. 3) Select the 360 Softkey to display a 360˚ viewing area or select the ARC Softkey to display a 120˚ viewing area. 4) Select the BACK Softkey to return to the Stormscope Page. Or: EIS 1) Select the Stormscope Page. 2) Press the MENU Key.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW 6.4 Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS) Warning: Do not use TAWS-B information for primary terrain avoidance. TAWS is intended only to enhance FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS situational awareness. NOTE: Terrain data is not displayed when the aircraft latitude is greater than 75° North or 60° South. NOTE: The data contained in the TAWS databases comes from government agencies.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW altimeter) to differ from the GPS-MSL altitude. This variation results in the aircraft’s true altitude differing from the baro-corrected altitude. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Hazard Avoidance TAWS uses yellow (caution) and red (warning) to depict terrain and obstacles (with heights greater than 200 feet above ground level, AGL) alerts relative to aircraft altitude. Colors are adjusted automatically as the aircraft altitude changes.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Navigation Map Page Setup Menu provides a means in addition to the softkey for enabling/disabling display of terrain and obstacles. The setup menu also controls the map range settings above which terrain and obstacle data are decluttered from the display. If a map range larger than the map range setting is selected, the data is removed from the map.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance TAWS-B Page FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The TAWS-B Page is specialized to show terrain, obstacle, and potential impact point data in relation to the aircraft’s current altitude, without clutter from the basemap. Aviation data (airports, VORs, and other NAVAIDs) can be displayed for reference. If an obstacle and the projected flight path of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically zooms in to the closest potential point of impact on the TAWS-B Page.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Red Terrain (Warning - Terrain Above or Within 100’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Map Range AUDIO PANEL & CNS Yellow Terrain (Caution - Terrain Between 100’ and 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) EIS Black Terrain (Terrain More than 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Terrain Legend FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 6-75 TAWS-B Page, 360º View HAZARD AVOIDANCE ADDITIONAL FEATURES Black Terrain (Terrain More than 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Yellow T
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance TAWS Alerts FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TAWS software algorithms. TAWS alerts typically employ a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level, or both. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed and aural alerts are simultaneously issued. Table 6-9 shows TAWS alert types with corresponding annunciations and aural messages. When an alert is issued, annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD.
Hazard Avoidance MFD Pop-Up Alert Aural Message “Pull Up” Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Warning (RTC) or * “Terrain Ahead, Pull Up; Terrain Ahead, Pull Up”* or “Terrain, Terrain; Pull Up, Pull Up” * or Imminent Obstacle Impact Warning (IOI) * “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead”* or “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain” * “Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead”* or “Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle” * “Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead”* or “Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle” or Reduced Required O
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Excessive Descent Rate Alert FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) alert is to provide suitable notification when the aircraft is determined to be closing (descending) upon terrain at an excessive speed. Figure 6-79 shows the parameters for the alert as defined by TSO-C151b.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Required Terrain Clearance RTC Level (FT) RTC Descending (FT) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 800 600 500 400 EIS 300 200 AUDIO PANEL & CNS Required Terrain Clearance (FT) Required Terrain Clearance (FT) 700 100 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 Distance From Runway (NM) Distance From Runway (NM) 30 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 6-80 FLTA Alert Minimum Terrain and Obstacle Clearance Values FLTA alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft is less than 200 feet above the desti
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS PDA and FLTA aural and visual alerts can be manually inhibited. Discretion should be used when inhibiting TAWS and the system should be enabled when appropriate. When TAWS is inhibited, the alert annunciation ‘TAWS INH’ is shown on the PFD and MFD (Figure 6-82). Figure 6-82 TAWS Alerting Disabled (TAWS Inhibited) Annunciation EIS Inhibiting/enabling TAWS-B alerting: 1) Select the TAWS-B Page.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1000 800 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Height Above Terrain (Feet) 900 700 600 “DON’T SINK” or “TOO LOW, TERRAIN” 500 400 300 EIS 200 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 0 Altitude Loss (Feet) Figure 6-83 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Altitude Loss 1000 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 800 700 600 “DON’T SINK” or “TOO LOW, TERRAIN” 500 400 300 HAZARD AVOIDANCE Height Above Terrain (Feet) 900 200 100 AFCS 0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 50
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance System Status FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS During power-up, TAWS conducts a self-test of its aural and visual annunciations. The system test can also be manually initiated. A single chime is issued at test completion. TAWS System Testing is disabled when ground speed exceeds 30 knots.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW 6.5 Traffic Information Service (TIS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: The Traffic Information Service (TIS) is intended for advisory use only. TIS is intended to help the pilot locate traffic visually. It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. NOTE: TIS is available only when the aircraft is within the service volume of a TIS-capable terminal radar EIS site.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Displaying TRAFFIC Data FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Traffic information can be displayed on the following maps (when TIS is operating): • PFD Inset Map • Trip Planning Page • Navigation Map Page • Nearest Pages • Traffic Map Page • Active Flight Plan Page Traffic information is also displayed on the PFD when the Synthetic Vision System (SVS) option is installed and enabled. See the Additional Features Section for details.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Navigation Map Page Setup Menu provides a means in addition to the softkey for enabling/disabling display of traffic. The setup menu also controls the map range settings above which traffic data (symbols and labels) are decluttered from the display. If a map range larger than the map range setting is selected, the data is removed from the map. Maps besides the Traffic Map Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Traffic Map Page FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Traffic Map Page is specialized to show surrounding TIS traffic data in relation to the aircraft’s current position and altitude, without clutter from the basemap. Aircraft orientation on this map is always heading up unless there is no valid heading. Map range is adjustable with the RANGE Knob from 2 to 12 nm, as indicated by the map range rings.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW TIS Alerts When the number of TAs on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A single “Traffic” voice alert is generated. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • A ‘TRAFFIC’ Annunciation appears to the top left of the Attitude Indicator on the PFD, flashing for 5 seconds and remaining displayed until no TAs are detected in the area. • The PFD Inset Map is automatically displayed with traffic.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Muting the “TIS Not Available” voice alert: 1) Select the Traffic Map Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select the TNA MUTE Softkey. The status is displayed in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page. Or: a) Press the MENU Key. b) Select ‘‘’Not Available” Mute On’ (shown if TNA muting is currently off) and press the ENT Key. EIS System Status AUDIO PANEL & CNS The G1000 performs an automatic test of TIS during power-up.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Test Failed Status FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Data Not Received from Transponder EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 6-92 TIS Power-up Test Failure Traffic Mode Annunciation (Traffic Map Page) TIS Operating OPERATING STANDBY (also shown in white in center of page) TIS Failed* FAIL ADDITIONAL FEATURES TIS Standby Traffic Display Enabled Icon (Other Maps) AFCS Mode HAZARD AVOIDANCE The traffic mode is annunciated in the upper left corner of the Traffi
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Switching between TIS modes: 1) Select the Traffic Map Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select the STANDBY or OPERATE Softkey to switch between modes. The mode is displayed in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page. Or: a) Press the MENU Key. EIS b) Select ‘Operate Mode’ or ‘Standby Mode’ (choice dependent on current state) and press the ENT Key.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW 6.6 AVIDYNE TAS600 TAS (Optional) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: The Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is intended for advisory use only. TAS is intended to help the pilot locate traffic visually. It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. NOTE: TIS is disabled when the Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is installed. EIS NOTE: Refer to the Avidyne TAS600 Series Pilot’s Guide for a detailed discussion of the Avidyne TAS600.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Displaying Traffic Data FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Traffic information is displayed on the following maps: • PFD Inset Map • Trip Planning Page • Navigation Map Page • Nearest Pages • Traffic Map Page • Active Flight Plan Page Displaying traffic on the Traffic Map Page: EIS 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Map Page.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW When traffic is selected on maps other than the Traffic Map Page, a traffic icon is shown to indicate TAS is enabled for display. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Traffic Advisory Proximity Traffic EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Non-Threat Traffic TA Off Scale Banner FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Non-Bearing Traffic Advisories Figure 6-94 TAS Traffic on Navigation Map HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying traffic information (PFD Inset Map): 1) Select the INSET Softkey.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Altitude Display FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Pilot can select the volume of airspace in which traffic is displayed. Traffic Advisories (TAs) outside of these limits will still be shown. Refer to the TAS600 Series Pilot’s Guide for specific display thresholds. Changing the altitude display mode: 1) On the Traffic Page, select the ALT MODE Softkey.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Customizing the traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-95). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-96). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through the selections (Figure 6-97).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance TAS Alerts FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the TAS600 documentation for information on alerts generated by the TAS equipment. When the number of TAs on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A “Traffic” voice alert is generated followed by the clock position, relative altitude and range of the TA.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Status NOTE: Refer to the TAS600 documentation for information on the operating mode. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The traffic mode is annunciated in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance The annunciations to indicate the status of traffic information appear in a banner at the lower left corner of maps on which traffic can be displayed. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Traffic Status Banner Annunciation EIS TA OFF SCALE AUDIO PANEL & CNS TA X.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW 6.7 L-3 Skywatch (SKY497) TAS (Optional) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: The Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is intended for advisory use only. TAS is intended to help the pilot locate traffic visually. It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. NOTE: TIS is disabled when the Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is installed. EIS NOTE: Refer to the SKYWATCH® (SKY497) Pilot’s Guide for a detailed discussion of the SKY497 TAS.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Switching from standby mode to operating mode: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Hazard Avoidance 2) If using the FMS menu, press the ENT Key to place the SKY497 in the operating mode. 1) On the Traffic Page, select the OPERATE Softkey or press the MENU Key and turn the small FMS knob to select Operating Mode. 3) To switch to Standby Mode from the Traffic Page, select the STANDBY Softkey. System Self Test 1) Set the range to 2/6 nm. EIS 2) Select the STANDBY Softkey. 3) Select the TEST Softkey.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Traffic Map Page shows surrounding TAS traffic data in relation to the aircraft’s current position and altitude, without basemap clutter. Aircraft orientation is always heading up unless there is no valid heading. Map range is adjustable with the RANGE Knob from 2 to 24 nm, as indicated by the map range rings. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The traffic mode and altitude display mode are annunciated in the upper left corner.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Navigation Map Page Setup Menu also controls the display of traffic. The setup menu controls the map range settings. Traffic data symbols and labels can be decluttered from the display. If a map range larger than the map range setting is selected, the data is removed from the map. Maps besides the Traffic Map Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Customizing the traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-101). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-102). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through the selections (Figure 6-103).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance TAS Alerts FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the SKY497 documentation for information on alerts generated by the TAS equipment. When the number of TAs on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A TRAFFIC Annunciation appears at the top right of the airspeed on the PFD, flashing for 5 seconds and remaining displayed until no TAs are detected in the area.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the unit fails, an annunciation as to the cause of the failure is shown in the center of the Traffic Map Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance 6.8 L-3 Skywatch (SKY899) TAS (Optional) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: The Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is intended for advisory use only. TAS is intended to help the pilot locate traffic visually. It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. NOTE: TIS is disabled when the Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is installed. EIS NOTE: Refer to the SKYWATCH® (SKY899) Pilot’s Guide for a detailed discussion of the SKY899 TAS system.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Operation The unit must be in operating mode for traffic to be displayed. The ability to switch from standby to operating mode on the ground is especially useful for scanning the airspace around the airport before takeoff. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Switching from standby mode to operating mode: 1) On the Traffic Page, select the OPERATE Softkey or press the MENU Key and turn the small FMS knob to select Operating Mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Operating Mode Traffic Display Range FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Altitude Mode Traffic Advisory, Aircraft is 400’ Below, Climbing AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS “Non-Bearing” Traffic (Bearing Undetermined), Distance 8.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Displaying traffic information (maps other than the Traffic Map Page): 1) Select the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, press the INSET Softkey). 2) Select the TRAFFIC Softkey to display terrain and obstacle data. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When traffic is selected on maps other than the Traffic Map Page, a traffic icon is shown to indicate TAS is enabled for display. Displaying traffic on the Navigation Map 1) Ensure that the TAS system is operating.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Navigation Map Page Setup Menu also controls the display of traffic. The setup menu controls the map range settings. Traffic data symbols and labels can be decluttered from the display. If a map range larger than the map range setting is selected, the data is removed from the map. Maps besides the Traffic Map Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Customizing the traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-107). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-108). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll though the selections (Figure 6-109).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance TAS Alerts FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the SKY899 documentation for information on alerts generated by the TAS equipment. When the number of TAs on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A TRAFFIC Annunciation appears at the top right of the airspeed on the PFD, flashing for 5 seconds and remaining displayed until no TAs are detected in the area.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the unit fails, an annunciation as to the cause of the failure is shown in the center of the Traffic Map Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance 6.9 Honeywell KTA 870 TAS (Optional) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: The Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is intended for advisory use only. TAS is intended to help the pilot locate traffic visually. It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. NOTE: TIS is disabled when the Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is installed. EIS NOTE: Refer to the KTA 870 Pilot’s Guide for a detailed discussion of the KTA 870 TAS.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Operation The KTA 870 must be in Operating Mode for traffic to be displayed. The unit starts in Operating Mode upon power-up. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting the STANDBY Softkey forces the unit into Standby Mode. Selecting the NORMAL Softkey allows the KTA 870 to switch from Standby Mode to Operating Mode as necessary.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Traffic information is also displayed on the PFD when the Synthetic Vision System (SVS) option is installed and enabled. See the Additional Features Section for details. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Displaying traffic on the Traffic Map Page: 1) Use the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group. 2) Use the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Map Page. 3) Select the NORMAL Softkey to begin displaying traffic. OPERATING is displayed in the Traffic mode field.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW When traffic is selected on maps other than the Traffic Map Page, a traffic icon is shown to indicate TAS is enabled for display. Displaying traffic on the Navigation Map FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Ensure that the TAS system is operating. With the Navigation Map displayed, select the MAP Softkey. 2) Select the TRAFFIC Softkey. Traffic is now displayed on the map as shown in the figure.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Altitude Display FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Pilot can select the volume of airspace in which traffic is displayed. Traffic Advisories (TAs) outside of these limits will still be shown. Refer to the KTA 870 Pilot’s Guide for specific display thresholds. Changing the altitude display mode: 1) On the Traffic Page, press the ALT MODE Softkey.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW Customizing the traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-113). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-114). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through the selections (Figure 6-115).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance TAS Alerts FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the KTA 870 documentation for information on alerts generated by the TAS equipment. When the number of TAs on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A “Traffic, Traffic” voice alert is generated when the first TA is displayed.
Hazard Avoidance SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the unit fails, an annunciation as to the cause of the failure is shown in the center of the Traffic Map Page.
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hazard Avoidance Blank Page 398 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Section 7 Automatic Flight Control System FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 7.1 AFCS Overview Note: The approved Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) and FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) always supersedes this Pilot’s Guide.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System AFCS Control Unit The AFCS Control Unit is positioned above the MFD, and has the following controls: HDG Key APR Key Selects/deselects Heading Select Mode 4 NAV Key FD Key 5 XFR Key Selects/deselects Navigation Mode Activates/deactivates the flight director only Pressing once turns on the selected flight director in the default vertical and lateral modes. Pressing again deactivates the flight director and removes the Command Bars.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional AFCS Controls The following AFCS controls are located separately from the AFCS Control Unit: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AP/YD DISC TRIM Disengages the autopilot, yaw damper, and flight director and interrupts pitch trim operation INTRPT Switch (Autopilot An AP/YD DISC Switch is located on each control wheel. Disconnect/Trim This switch may be used to acknowledge an autopilot disconnect alert and mute the Interrupt) associated aural tone.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System 7.2 Flight Director Operation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The flight director function provides pitch and roll commands to the AFCS and displays them on the PFDs. With the flight director active, the aircraft can be hand-flown to follow the path shown by the Command Bars. Maximum commanded pitch (−15°, +20°) and roll (25°) angles, vertical acceleration, and roll rate are limited to values established during AFCS certification.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW AFCS Status Box Lateral Modes Yaw Autopilot Damper Status Status FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight director mode annunciations are displayed on the PFDs when the flight director is active. Flight director selection and autopilot and yaw damper statuses are shown in the center of the AFCS Status Box. Lateral flight director modes are displayed on the left and vertical on the right. Armed modes are displayed in white and active in green.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Flight Director Modes FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight director modes are normally selected independently for the pitch and roll axes. Unless otherwise specified, all mode keys are alternate action (i.e., press on, press off). In the absence of specific mode selection, the flight director reverts to the default pitch and/or roll modes.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Command Bars FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Upon activation of the flight director, Command Bars are displayed in magenta on the PFDs as a single cue or cross pointers. The Aircraft Symbol (in yellow) changes to accommodate the Command Bar format; the Command Bars do not override the Aircraft Symbol. The single-cue Command Bars (Figure 7-5) move together vertically to indicate pitch commands and bank left or right to indicate roll commands.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System 7.3 Vertical Modes FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Table 7-2 lists the vertical modes with their corresponding controls and annunciations. The mode reference is displayed next to the active mode annunciation for Altitude Hold, Vertical Speed, and Flight Level Change modes. The NOSE UP/DN Wheel can be used to change the vertical mode reference while operating under Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, or Flight Level Change Mode.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pitch Hold Mode (PIT) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When the flight director is activated (the FD Key is pressed) or switched (the XFR Key is pressed), Pitch Hold Mode is selected by default. Pitch Hold Mode is indicated as the active vertical mode by the ‘PIT’ annunciation. This mode may be used for climb or descent to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter), since Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed when Pitch Hold Mode is activated.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Selected Altitude Capture Mode (ALTS) Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed with activation of the following modes: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Pitch Hold • Takeoff/Go Around (if the Selected Altitude is at least 400 feet above the current aircraft altitude) • Vertical Speed • Vertical Path Tracking (if the Selected Altitude is to be captured instead of the VNV Target Altitude) • Flight Level Change EIS The white ‘ALTS’ annunciation indicate
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Altitude Hold Mode (ALT) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Altitude Hold Mode can be activated by pressing the ALT Key; the flight director maintains the current aircraft altitude (to the nearest 10 feet) as the Altitude Reference. The flight director’s Altitude Reference, shown in the AFCS Status Box, is independent of the Selected Altitude, displayed above the Altimeter. Altitude Hold Mode active is indicated by a green ‘ALT’ annunciation in the AFCS Status Box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Vertical Speed Mode (VS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In Vertical Speed Mode, the flight director acquires and maintains a Vertical Speed Reference. Current aircraft vertical speed (to the nearest 100 fpm) becomes the Vertical Speed Reference at the moment of Vertical Speed Mode activation.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Level Change Mode (FLC) NOTE: The Selected Altitude should be set before selecting Flight Level Change Mode. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight Level Change Mode is selected by pressing the FLC Key. This mode acquires and maintains the Airspeed Reference (in IAS or Mach) while climbing or descending to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight Level Change Mode Active Airspeed Reference Selected Altitude Capture Mode Armed EIS Airspeed Reference AUDIO PANEL & CNS Airspeed Reference Bug FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Command Bars Indicate Climb to Attain Selected Altitude Figure 7-11 Flight Level Change Mode (IAS) AFCS Airspeed Reference Bug APPENDICES Airspeed Reference (Mach) ADDITIONAL FEATURES HAZARD AVOIDANCE Flight Level Change Mode Active Airspeed Reference (Mac
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Vertical Navigation Modes (VPTH, ALTV) Note: VNV is disabled when parallel track or Dead Reckoning Mode is active. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Note: The Selected Altitude takes precedence over any other vertical constraints. Vertical Navigation (VNV) flight control is available for enroute/terminal cruise and descent operations any time that VNV flight planning is available. Refer to the GPS Navigation Section for more information on VNV flight plans.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Prior to descent path interception, the Selected Altitude must be set below the current aircraft altitude by at least 75 feet.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW When a descent leg is captured (i.e., vertical deviation becomes valid), Vertical Path Tracking becomes active and tracks the descent profile (Figure 7-15). An altitude capture mode (‘ALTS’ or ‘ALTV’) is armed as appropriate.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Reversion to Pitch Hold Mode FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Automatic Flight Control System • Vertical deviation exceeds 200 feet during an overspeed condition. Several situations can occur while Vertical Path Tracking Mode is active which cause the flight director to revert to Pitch Hold Mode: • Vertical deviation experiences a discontinuity that both exceeds 200 feet in magnitude and results in the vertical deviation exceeding 200 feet in magnitude.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW VNV Target Altitude Capture Mode (ALTV) Note: Armed VNV Target Altitude and Selected Altitude capture modes are mutually exclusive. However, FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed implicitly (not annunciated) whenever VNV Target Altitude Capture Mode is armed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Glidepath Mode (GP) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Glidepath Mode is used to track the WAAS-based glidepath. When Glidepath Mode is armed, ‘GP’ is annunciated in white in the AFCS Status Box. Selecting Glidepath Mode: 1) Ensure a GPS approach with vertical guidance (LPV, LNAV/VNAV, LNAV +V) is loaded into the active flight plan. The active waypoint must be part of the flight plan (cannot be a direct-to a waypoint not in the flight plan).
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW GPS Approach Mode Active Glidepath Mode Active FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS Command Bars Indicate Descent on Glidepath Figure 7-19 Glidepath Mode FLIGHT MANAGEMENT LNAV/VNAV Approach Active AUDIO PANEL & CNS GPS is Selected Navigation Source Glidepath Indicator HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Glideslope Mode (GS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Glideslope Mode is available for LOC/ILS approaches to capture and track the glideslope. When Glideslope Mode is armed (annunciated as ‘GS’ in white), LOC Approach Mode is armed as the lateral flight director mode. Selecting Glideslope Mode: 1) Ensure a valid localizer frequency is tuned. 2) Ensure that LOC is the selected navigation source (use the CDI Softkey to cycle through navigation sources if necessary).
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Takeoff (TO) and Go Around (GA) Modes FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Go Around and Takeoff modes are coupled pitch and roll modes and are annunciated as both the vertical and lateral modes when active. In these modes, the flight director commands a constant set pitch attitude and keeps the wings level. The GA Button is used to select both modes. The mode entered by the flight director depends on whether the aircraft is on the ground.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System 7.4 Lateral Modes FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The following table relates each GFC 700 lateral mode to its respective control and annunciation. Refer to the vertical modes section for information regarding Go Around and Takeoff modes.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Roll Hold Mode (ROL) Note: If Roll Hold Mode is activated as a result of a mode reversion, the flight director rolls the wings FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS level. When the flight director is activated or switched, Roll Hold Mode is selected by default. This mode is annunciated as ‘ROL’ in the AFCS Status Box. The current aircraft bank angle is held, subject to the bank angle condition.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Heading Select Mode (HDG) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Heading Select Mode is activated by pressing the HDG Key. Heading Select Mode acquires and maintains the Selected Heading. The Selected Heading is shown by a light blue bug on the HSI and in the box to the upper left of the HSI. Changing the Selected Heading Note: Pressing the HDG Knob synchronizes the Selected Heading to the current heading.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Navigation Modes (GPS, VOR, LOC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS flight director to enter Navigation Mode. Pressing the NAV Key selects Navigation Mode. Navigation Mode acquires and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, LOC). The flight director follows GPS roll steering commands when GPS is the selected navigation source.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Changing the Selected Course FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If the navigation source is VOR or localizer or OBS Mode has been enabled when using GPS, the Selected Course is controlled using the CRS Knob corresponding to the selected flight director (CRS1 for the pilot side, CRS2 for the copilot side). Pressing the CWS Button and hand-flying the aircraft does not change the Selected Course while in Navigation Mode.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Approach Modes (GPS, VAPP, LOC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS flight director to enter Approach Mode. Approach Mode is activated when the APR Key is pressed. Approach Mode acquires and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, or LOC), depending on loaded approach.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1) Ensure that GPS is the selected navigation source (use the CDI Softkey to cycle through navigation sources if necessary). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Automatic Flight Control System 3) Ensure the corresponding LOC frequency is tuned. 2) Ensure a LOC/ILS approach is loaded into the active flight plan. 4) Press the APR Key.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Backcourse Mode Active FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS LOC2 is Selected Navigation Source Command Bars Hold Pitch Attitude FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 7-29 Backcourse Mode Changing the Selected Course HAZARD AVOIDANCE If the navigation source is VOR or localizer or OBS Mode has been enabled when using GPS, the Selected Course is controlled using the CRS Knob corresponding to the selected flight director (CRS1 for the pilot side, CRS2 for the cop
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System 7.5 Autopilot and Yaw Damper Operation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the POH/AFM for specific instructions regarding emergency procedures. The autopilot and yaw damper operate the flight control surface servos to provide automatic flight control. The autopilot controls the aircraft pitch and roll attitudes following commands received from the flight director.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Engagement NOTE: Autopilot engagement/disengagement is not equivalent to servo engagement/disengagement. Use FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS the CWS Button to disengage the pitch and roll servos while the autopilot remains active. When the AP Key is pressed, the autopilot, yaw damper, and flight director (if not already active) are activated and the annunciator lights on the AFCS controller for the autopilot and yaw damper are illuminated.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Disengagement FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The autopilot is manually disengaged by pushing the AP Key on the AFCS Control Unit, the GA Button, or the MEPT ARM Switch. Manual autopilot disengagement is indicated by a five-second flashing yellow ‘AP’ annunciation and a three-second autopilot disconnect aural alert.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW 7.6 Example Flight Plan FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Note: The following example flight plan and diagrams (not to be used for navigation) in this section are for instructional purposes only and should be considered not current. Numbered portions of accompanying diagrams correspond to numbered procedure steps.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Departure Climbing to the Selected Altitude and flying an assigned heading: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Before takeoff: a) Use the ALT SEL Knob to set the Selected Altitude to 12,000 feet. EIS b) Push the GA Button to activate Takeoff Mode. The flight director Command Bars establish a pitch up attitude to follow. AUDIO PANEL & CNS c) Press the AP Key to engage the autopilot in a climb, holding the pitch angle commanded in Takeoff Mode and wings level.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HD GM od EIS e AUDIO PANEL & CNS TO M ode 3 Selected Altitude of 12,000 MSL ALT Mode KMKC 2 1 VS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4 e Mod ode M TO HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 7-36 Departure AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Intercepting a VOR Radial FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS During climb-out, the autopilot continues to fly the aircraft in Heading Select Mode. Airway V4 to Salina VOR (SLN) should now be intercepted. Since the enroute flight plan waypoints correspond to VORs, flight director Navigation Mode using either VOR or GPS as the navigation source may be used. In this scenario, VOR Navigation Mode is used for navigation to the first VOR waypoint in the flight plan.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flying a Flight Plan/GPS Course Note: Changing the navigation source cancels Navigation Mode and causes the flight director to revert FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS back to Roll Hold Mode (wings rolled level). As the aircraft closes on Salina VOR, GPS is used to navigate the next leg, airway V244. The aircraft is currently tracking inbound on Airway V4.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Descent FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Automatic Flight Control System • Flight Level Change descent – Flight Level Change Mode can be used to descend to the Selected Altitude at a constant airspeed. This descent method does not account for flight plan waypoint altitude constraints. While flying the arrival procedure, the aircraft is cleared for descent in preparation for the approach to KCOS.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Vertical Path Tracking descent to VNV Target Altitude: 1) Select VNV flight control: a) Press the VNV Key to arm Vertical Path Tracking Mode. The white annunciation ‘VPTH’ appears. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS b) Using the ALT SEL Knob, set the Selected Altitude below the flight plan’s VNV Target Altitude of 10,000 feet.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Non-path descent using Flight Level Change Mode: 1) Using Flight Level Change Mode, command a non-path descent to an intermediate altitude above the next VNV flight plan altitude. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS a) Using the ALT SEL Knob, set the Selected Altitude below the current aircraft altitude to an altitude (in this case, 9,400 feet) at which to level off between VNV flight plan altitudes.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VP TH M od e Planned TOD 2 BOD 1 FL C Pla nn M od e 3 ed De sce nt ALT Mode Pa th TOD 4 VP VNAV Target Altitude of 9,000 MSL TH AUDIO PANEL & CNS Selected Altitude of 9,400 MSL VNAV Target Altitude of 10,000 MSL EIS ALT Mode Mo de 5 BOD ALT Mode Selected Altitude OPSHN FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3 nm HABUK Figure 7-41 Non-path Descent HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00663-01 Re
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Approach Flying an ILS approach: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Transition from GPS Navigation Mode to Heading Select Mode. a) Select the Runway 35L ILS approach for KCOS and select ‘VECTORS’ for the transition. Load and activate the approach into the flight plan. b) Use the HDG Knob to set the Selected Heading after getting vectors from ATC. c) Press the HDG Key. The autopilot turns the aircraft to the desired heading.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flying a RNAV GPS approach with vertical guidance: WARNING: When flying an LNAV approach (with vertical guidance) with the autopilot coupled, the aircraft will not level off at the MDA even if the MDA is set in the altitude preselect. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Arm flight director modes for a RNAV GPS approach with vertical guidance: a) Make sure the navigation source is set to GPS (use CDI Softkey to change navigation source).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Go Around/Missed Approach Note: As a result of calculations performed by the system while flying the holding pattern, the display may FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS re-size automatically and the aircraft may not precisely track the holding pattern as depicted on the PFD and MFD. Flying a missed approach: EIS 1) Push the GA Button at the Decision height and apply go-around power to execute a missed approach.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4) The autopilot flies the holding pattern after the missed approach is activated. Annunciations are displayed in the Navigation Status Box, above the AFCS Status Box. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS 4 AUDIO PANEL & CNS MOGAL FLIGHT MANAGEMENT GPS NAV Mode 3 2 HAZARD AVOIDANCE GA Mode KCOS 1 AFCS Figure 7-44 Go Around/Missed Approach ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System 7.7 AFCS Annunciations and Alerts FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AFCS Status Alerts The annunciations in Table 7-5 (listed in order of increasing priority) can appear on the PFDs above the Airspeed and Attitude indicators. Only one annunciation may occur at a time, and messages are prioritized by criticality.
Automatic Flight Control System SYSTEM OVERVIEW Overspeed Protection Note: Overspeed protection is not active in ALT, GS or GP modes. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS While Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, Flight Level Change, Vertical Path Tracking, or an altitude capture mode is active, airspeed is monitored by the flight director. Pitch commands are not changed until overspeed protection becomes active.
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Flight Control System Blank Page 448 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW Section 8 Additional Features FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: With the availability of SafeTaxi, ChartView, or FliteCharts in electronic form, it is still advisable to carry another source of charts on board the aircraft.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features 8.1 Synthetic Vision System (Optional) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: Use appropriate primary systems for navigation, and for terrain, obstacle, and traffic avoidance. SVS is intended as an aid to situational awareness only and may not provide either the accuracy or reliability upon which to solely base decisions and/or plan maneuvers to avoid terrain, obstacles, or traffic.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-1 Synthetic Vision Imagery SVS Operation HAZARD AVOIDANCE SVS is activated from the PFD using the softkeys located along the bottom edge of the display. Pressing the softkeys turns the related function on or off. When SVS is enabled, the pitch scale increments are reduced to 10 degrees up and 7.5 degrees down. AFCS SVS functions are displayed on three levels of softkeys.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS PFD SYN VIS BACK Pressing the BACK Softkey returns to the top-level softkeys. BACK EIS PATHWAY SYN TERR HRZN HDG APTSIGNS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Pressing the BACK Softkey returns to the previous level of softkeys. Figure 8-2 SVS Softkeys Activating and deactivating SVS: FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 1) Press the PFD Softkey. 2) Press the SYN VIS Softkey. 3) Press the SYN TERR Softkey. The SVS display will cycle on or off with the SYN TERR Softkey.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW SVS Features FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Altitude Airport Runway Pathways Color Matches CDI Indicating NAV Source Flight Path Marker Airplane Symbol EIS Zero Pitch Line (ZPL) with Compass Heading Marks AUDIO PANEL & CNS Synthetic Terrain FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE SVS Softkeys Figure 8-3 SVS on the Primary Flight Display NOTE: Pathways and terrain features are not a substitute for standard course and altitude deviation information provided by the CDI
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Altitude FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Programmed Altitudes HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 8-4 Programmed and Selected Altitude AFCS Pathways provide supplemental glidepath information on an active ILS, LPV, LNAV/VNAV, and some LNAV approaches. Pathways are intended as an aid to situational awareness and should not be used independent of the CDI, VDI, glide path indicator, and glide slope indicator.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW Descent and Approach FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Pathways are shown descending only for a programmed descent (Figures 8-5, 8-6). When the flight plan includes programmed descent segments, pathways are displayed along the descent path provided that the selected altitude is lower than the programmed altitude. EIS During a Vectors-to-Final (VTF) approach transition, pathways are displayed along the final approach course inbound to the Missed Approach Point (MAP).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features Missed Approach FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Upon activating the missed approach, pathways lead to the Missed Approach Holding Point (MAHP) and are displayed as a level path at the published altitude for the MAHP, or the selected altitude, whichever is the highest. If the initial missed approach leg is a Course-to-Altitude (CA) leg, the pathways boxes will be displayed level at the altitude published for the MAHP.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight Path Marker FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Flight Path Marker (FPM), also known as a Velocity Vector, is displayed on the PFD at groundspeeds above 30 knots. The FPM depicts the approximate projected path of the aircraft accounting for wind speed and direction relative to the three-dimensional terrain display. The FPM is always available when the Synthetic Terrain feature is in operation.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features Horizon Heading FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Horizon Heading is synchronized with the HSI and shows approximately 60 degrees of compass heading in 30‑degree increments on the Zero Pitch Line. Horizon Heading tick marks and digits appearing on the zero pitch line are not visible behind either the airspeed or altitude display. Horizon Heading is used for general heading awareness, and is activated and deactivated by pressing the HRZN HDG Softkey.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW Runways WARNING: Do not use SVS runway depiction as the sole means for determining the proximity of the aircraft FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS to the runway or for maintaining the proper approach path angle during landing. EIS Runway data provides improved awareness of runway location with respect to the surrounding terrain. All runway thresholds are depicted at their respective elevations as defined in the database.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features TAWS Alerting FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Terrain alerting on the synthetic terrain display is triggered by Forward-looking Terrain Avoidance (FLTA) alerts, and corresponds to the red and yellow X symbols on the Inset Map and MFD map displays. For more detailed information regarding TAWS, refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section. EIS In some instances, a terrain or obstacle alert may be issued with no conflict shading displayed on the synthetic terrain.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Obstacles are represented on the synthetic terrain display by standard two-dimensional tower symbols found on the Inset map and MFD maps and charts. Obstacle symbols appear in the perspective view with relative height above terrain and distance from the aircraft.
EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features AUDIO PANEL & CNS Field of View FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Navigation Map Page OPTIONS Menu Map Setup Menu, Map Group, Field of View Option Figure 8-12 Option Menus 3) Turn the FMS Knob to select the Map Group and press the ENT Key. HAZARD AVOIDANCE 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the Map Group options to FIELD OF VIEW. 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to select On or Off. 6) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8.2 SafeTaxi FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SafeTaxi is an enhanced feature that gives greater map detail when viewing airports at close range. The maximum map ranges for enhanced detail are pilot configurable. When viewing at ranges close enough to show the airport detail, the map reveals taxiways with identifying letters/numbers, airport Hot Spots, and airport landmarks including ramps, buildings, control towers, and other prominent features.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS During ground operations the aircraft’s position is displayed in reference to taxiways, runways, and airport features. In the example shown, the aircraft is on taxiway Bravo inside the High Alert Intersection boundary on KSFO airport. Airport Hot Spots are outlined in magenta. When panning over the airport, features such as runway holding lines and taxiways are shown at the cursor.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW Configuring SafeTaxi range: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Map Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 8-15 Navigation Map PAGE MENU, Map Setup Option 3) Turn the FMS Knob to select the Aviation Group and press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the Aviation Group options to SAFETAXI.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features SafeTaxi Cycle Number and Revision HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SafeTaxi database is revised every 56 days. SafeTaxi is always available for use after the expiration date. When turning on the G1000, the Power-up Page indicates whether the databases are current, out of date, or not available. The Power-up Page shows the SafeTaxi database is current when the SafeTaxi Expires date is shown in white.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The SafeTaxi Region, Version, Cycle, Effective date and Expires date of the database cycle can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. SafeTaxi information appears in blue and yellow text. The EFFECTIVE date appears in blue when data is current and in yellow when the current date is before the effective date. The EXPIRES date appears in blue when data is current and in yellow when expired (Figures 8‑18 and 8-19).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown here. The EFFECTIVE date is the beginning date for this database cycle. If the present date is before the effective date, the EFFECTIVE date appears in yellow and the EXPIRES date appears in blue. The EXPIRES date is the revision date for the next database cycle.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8.3 ChartView (Optional) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ChartView resembles the paper version of Jeppesen terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed in full color with high-resolution. The MFD depiction shows the aircraft position on the moving map in the plan view of approach charts and on airport diagrams. Airport Hot Spots are outlined in magenta. The ChartView database subscription is available from Jeppesen, Inc.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features Terminal Procedures Charts Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, select the SHW CHRT Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to Show Chart. HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS 3) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW When a chart is not available by selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained for other airports from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If a chart is available for the destination airport, or the airport selected in the active flight plan, the chart appears on the screen.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features While the APPROACH Box is selected using the FMS Knob, the G1000 softkeys are blank. Once the desired chart is selected, the chart scale can be changed and the chart page can be scrolled using the Joystick. Pressing the Joystick centers the chart on the screen. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The aircraft symbol is shown on the chart only if the chart is to scale and the aircraft position is within the boundaries of the chart.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting the INFO Softkey returns to the airport diagram when the view is on a different chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram, the INFO Softkey has no effect. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The aircraft position is shown in magenta on the ChartView diagrams when the location of the aircraft is within the chart boundaries. In the example shown, the aircraft is turning onto Taxiway Bravo on the Charlotte, NC (KCLT) airport.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In the example shown in Figure 8-26, the Class B Chart is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the Charlotte Class B Airspace Chart (Figure 8-27). HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 8-27 Airport Information Page, Class B Chart Selected from INFO View Selecting the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. Chart Not To Scale FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS Change Range and Scroll Through the Chart With the Joystick AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Aircraft Not Shown Icon Figure 8-29 Arrival Information Page HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selecting the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available. AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the XM Data Link Receiver, when available. Weather information is available only when an XM Data Link Receiver is installed and the XM Weather subscription is current.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-32 NOTAM Available NOTAM Softkey Appears for Selected Airports HAZARD AVOIDANCE Local NOTAM on This Airport AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES NOTAM Softkey Selected Figure 8-33 Airport Information Page, Local NOTAMs INDEX Selecting the NOTAM Softkey again removes the NOTAMS information.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features Chart Options Selecting the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8-20). EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting the ALL Softkey shows the complete approach chart on the screen.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting the HEADER Softkey shows the header view (approach chart briefing strip) on the screen. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS Approach Chart Briefing Strip AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-35 Approach Information Page, Header View HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selecting the PLAN Softkey shows the approach chart two dimensional plan view.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting the PROFILE Softkey displays the approach chart descent profile strip. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Approach Chart Descent Profile Strip Figure 8-37 Approach Information Page, Profile View, Full Screen Width ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selecting the MINIMUMS Softkey displays the minimum descent altitude/visibility strip at the bottom of the approach chart.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the chart scale has been adjusted to view a small area of the chart, selecting the FIT WDTH Softkey changes the chart size to fit the available screen width. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES Select FIT WDTH Softkey to Show Full Chart Width Figure 8-39 Airport Information Page, FIT WDTH Softkey Selected APPENDICES INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features Selecting the FULL SCN Softkey alternates between removing and replacing the data window to the right. Selecting Additional Information: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, select the FULL SCN Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO). 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the AIRPORT, INFO, RUNWAYS, or FREQUENCIES Box (INFO Box shown).
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW The full screen view can also be selected by using the page menu option. Selecting full screen On or Off: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Chart Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to move between the FULL SCREEN and COLOR SCHEME Options. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose between the On and Off Full Screen Options.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features Day/Night View FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ChartView can be displayed on a white or black background for day or night viewing. The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the MFD softkeys are blank. Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-43 Arrival Information Page, Day View HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES Figure 8-44 Arrival Information Page, Night View INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features ChartView Cycle Number and Expiration Date FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The ChartView database is revised every 14 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disables date. ChartView is disabled 70 days after the expiration date and is no longer available for viewing upon reaching the disables date. When turning on the G1000, the Power-up Page indicates any of nine different possible criteria for ChartView availability.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Examples of four possible Power-up Page conditions are shown here. ‘ChartView Disables’ plus a date in white, indicates chart data is current. This indication for normal operation shows how long the charts may be viewed. ‘Chart data update available.’ in white, indicates the chart data cycle has expired within the past week and the next chart cycle is available.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The ChartView time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. The database CYCLE number, EXPIRES, and DISABLES dates of the ChartView subscription appear in either blue or yellow text. When the ChartView EXPIRES date is reached, ChartView becomes inoperative 70 days later. This is shown as the DISABLES date.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown here. The EXPIRES date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The DISABLES date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable. REGION and CYCLE NOT AVAILABLE in blue, indicate that no ChartView data is available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features 8.4 FliteCharts (Optional) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FliteCharts resemble the paper version of National Aeronautical Charting Office (NACO) terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed with high-resolution and in color for applicable charts. FliteCharts database subscription is available from Garmin.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW Terminal Procedures Charts Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, select the SHW CHRT Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to Show Chart. EIS 3) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features When a chart is not available by selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained for other airports from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If a chart is available for the destination airport, or the airport selected in the active flight plan, the chart appears on the screen.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW While the APPROACH Box is selected using the FMS Knob, the G1000 softkeys are blank. Once the desired chart is selected, the chart scale can be changed and the chart can be panned using the Joystick. Pressing the Joystick centers the chart on the screen. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The aircraft symbol is not shown on FliteCharts. The Chart Scale Box displays a banner NOT TO SCALE, and the Aircraft Not Shown Icon is displayed in the lower right corner of the screen.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features Selecting the INFO Softkey returns to the airport diagram when the view is on a different chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram, the INFO Softkey has no effect. EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Another source for additional airport information is from the INFO Box above the chart (Figure 8-60) or to the right of the chart (Figure 8-54) for certain airports. This information source is not related to the INFO Softkey.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW In the example shown in Figure 8-54, ALTERNATE MINIMUMS is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the IFR Alternate Minimums Chart (Figure 8-55). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-55 Airport Information Page, ALTERNATE MINIMUMS Selected from INFO View HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selecting the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. Figure 8-57 Arrival Information Page APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selecting the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available. INDEX Figure 8-58 Approach Information Page 496 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, when available, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the XM Data Link Receiver. Weather information is available only when an XM Data Link Receiver is installed and the XM Weather subscription is current. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting Additional Information: 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, select the WX Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features Chart Options Selecting the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8-48). EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting the ALL Softkey shows the complete chart on the screen.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting the FIT WDTH Softkey fits the width of the chart in the display viewing area. In the example shown, the chart at close range is replaced with the full width chart. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES Select FIT WDTH Softkey to Show Full Chart Width Figure 8-61 Approach Information Page, FIT WDTH Softkey Selected APPENDICES INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting the FULL SCN Softkey alternates between removing and replacing the data window to the right.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW The full screen view can also be selected by using the page menu option. Selecting full screen On or Off: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Chart Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to move between the FULL SCREEN and COLOR SCHEME Options. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose between the On and Off Full Screen Options.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features Day/Night View FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FliteCharts can be displayed on a white or black background for day or night viewing. The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the MFD softkeys are blank. Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-65 Approach Information Page, Day View HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES Figure 8-66 Approach Information Page, Night View INDEX 190-00663-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features FliteCharts Cycle Number and Expiration Date FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FliteCharts data is revised every 28 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disables date. FliteCharts is disabled 180 days after the expiration date and are no longer available for viewing upon reaching the disables date. When turning on the G1000, the Power-up Page indicates any of five different possible criteria for chart availability.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW Examples of four possible Power-up Page messages are shown here. ‘FliteCharts Expires’ plus a date in white, indicates the chart database is current. ‘Chart data is out of date!’ in yellow, indicates charts are still viewable, but approaching the disable date. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When the 180 day grace period has expired, ‘Chart data is disabled.’ in yellow indicates that the FliteCharts database has expired and is no longer viewable.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FliteCharts time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. The FliteCharts database REGION, CYCLE number, EFFECTIVE, EXPIRES, and DISABLES dates of the subscription appear in either blue or yellow text. Dates shown in blue are current data. Dates shown in yellow indicate the data is not within the current subscription period.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown here. The EXPIRES date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The DISABLES date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable. REGION and CYCLE NOT AVAILABLE in blue, indicate that FliteCharts database is not available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features 8.5 XM Radio Entertainment (Optional) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Note: Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section for information about XM Weather products. The optional XM Radio entertainment feature of the GDL 69A Data Link Receiver is available for the pilot’s and passengers’ enjoyment. The GDL 69A can receive XM Satellite Radio® entertainment services at any altitude throughout the Continental U.S.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5) Verify that the desired services are activated. 6) Select the LOCK Softkey. 7) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight YES. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 8) To complete activation, press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features Using XM Radio FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The XM Radio Page provides information and control of the audio entertainment features of the XM Satellite Radio. Selecting the XM Radio Page: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Auxiliary Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the displayed AUX - XM Information Page. EIS 3) Select the RADIO Softkey to show the XM Radio Page where audio entertainment is controlled.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1) Press the FMS Knob to highlight the channel list and turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the channels. 2) Press the ENT Key to activate the selected channel. Selecting a channel directly: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) While on the XM Radio Page, select the CHNL Softkey. 2) Select the DIR CH Softkey. The channel number in the Active Channel Box is highlighted.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features Presets FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Up to 15 channels from any category can be assigned a preset number. The preset channels are selected by selecting the PRESETS and MORE Softkeys. Then the preset channel can be selected directly and added to the channel list for the Presets category.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8.6 Scheduler FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Scheduler feature can be used to enter and display reminder messages (e.g., Change oil, Switch fuel tanks, or Altimeter-Transponder Check) in the Alerts Window on the PFD. Messages can be set to display based on a specific date and time (event), once the message timer reaches zero (one-time; default setting), or recurrently whenever the message timer reaches zero (periodic).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features 9) For event-based messages: a) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired date (DD-MM-YY) and press the ENT Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS b) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to the next field. c) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired time (HH:MM) and press the ENT Key. 10) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to enter the next message. Deleting a scheduler message: 1) Select the AUX - Utility Page.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The file containing the recorded data will appear in the format shown in Figure 8-77. This file can be imported into most computer spreadsheet applications. Local Date YYMMDD Local 24hr Time HHMMSS Nearest Airport (A blank will be inserted if no airport is found) EIS log_090210_104506_KIXD.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8.8 Abnormal Operation SVS Troubleshooting FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SVS is intended to be used with traditional attitude, heading, obstacle, terrain, and traffic inputs. SVS is disabled when valid attitude or heading data is not available for the display. In case of invalid SVS data, the PFD display reverts to the standard blue-over-brown attitude display.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features Unusual Attitudes FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Unusual attitudes are displayed with red chevrons overlaid on the display indicating the direction to fly to correct the unusual attitude condition. The display shows either a brown or blue colored bar at the top or bottom of the screen to represent earth or sky. This is intended to prevent losing sight of the horizon during extreme pitch attitudes.
Additional Features SYSTEM OVERVIEW GDL 69/69A Data Link Receiver Troubleshooting Some quick troubleshooting steps listed below can be performed to find the possible cause of a failure.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional Features If a failure still exists, the following messages may provide insight as to the possible problem: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message CHECK ANTENNA UPDATING NO SIGNAL LOADING OFF AIR --- Message Location XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field Weather Datalink Page - center of page XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field Description Dat
Appendix A SYSTEM OVERVIEW Annunciations and Alerts FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Note: The Pilot’s Operating Handbook and FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM/POH) supersedes information found in this document. The G1000 Alerting System conveys alerts using the following: EIS • Alerts Window: The Alerts Window displays text messages for up to 64 prioritized alert messages. Pressing the ALERTS Softkey displays the Alerts Window.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix A • Audio Alerting System: The G1000 System issues audio alert tones when specific system conditions are met. See the Alert Level Definitions Section for more information. The annunciation tone may be tested from the AUX - System Status Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Testing the system annunciation tone and annunciator lights: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Status Page. 2) Select the ANN TEST Softkey. Or: EIS a) Press the MENU Key.
Appendix A SYSTEM OVERVIEW Aircraft Alerts The following alerts are configured specifically for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT. White annunciation window text signifies advisories. See the Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) for recommended pilot actions. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Audio Alert/Voice Message None None None None None EIS Alerts Window Message AVN FAN 1 FAIL – Avionics cooling fan #1 is inoperative. AVN FAN 2 FAIL – Avionics cooling fan #2 is inoperative. MFD FAN FAIL – MFD cooling fan is inoperative..
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix A Comparator Annunciations FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Comparator monitors critical values generated by redundant sensors. If differences in the sensors exceed a specified amount, this discrepency is annunciated in the Comparator Window as a ‘MISCOMP’ (miscompare). If one or both of the sensed values are unavailable, it is annunciated as a ‘NO COMP’ (no compare) as seen in Figure A-4.
Appendix A SYSTEM OVERVIEW Reversionary Sensor Annunciations FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Reversionary sensor selection is annunciated in the Reversionary Sensor Window, as shown in Figure A-5. These annunciations reflect reversionary sensors selected on one or both PFDs. Pressing the SENSOR Softkey gives access to ADC1, ADC2, AHRS1, and AHRS2 Softkeys. These softkeys allow manual switching of sensors. In the case of certain types of sensor failures, the G1000 may make some sensor selections automatically.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW When an LRU or an LRU function fails, a large red ‘X’ is typically displayed on windows associated with the failed data. The following section describes various system annunciations. Refer to the AFM/POH for additional information regarding pilot responses to these annunciations. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Appendix A NOTE: Upon power-up of the G1000 system, certain windows remain invalid as G1000 equipment begins to EIS initialize.
Appendix A SYSTEM OVERVIEW NOTE: Upon power-up, certain windows remain invalid as G1000 equipment begins to initialize. All windows should be operational within one minute of power-up. If any window continues to remain flagged, the G1000 System should be serviced by a Garmin-authorized repair facility. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS System Annunciation Comment Attitude and Heading Reference System is aligning. EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Display system is not receiving attitude information from the AHRS.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix A System Annunciation Comment FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS GPS information is either not present or is invalid for navigation use. Note that AHRS utilizes GPS inputs during normal operation. AHRS operation may be degraded if GPS signals are not present (see POH). EIS Other Various Red X Indications A red ‘X’ through any other display field (such as engine instrumentation display) indicates that the field is not receiving valid data.
Appendix A SYSTEM OVERVIEW Comments The MFD configuration settings do not match backup configuration memory. The G1000 system should be serviced. The MFD and PFD have different software versions installed. The G1000 system should be serviced. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The PFD and/or MFD is overheating and is reducing power consumption by dimming the display. If problem persists, the G1000 system should be serviced. EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS A key is stuck on the PFD and/or MFD bezel.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix A INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 terrain database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 terrain database error exists. PFD2 DB ERR – PFD2 terrain database error exists. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 terrain database missing. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 terrain database missing. PFD2 DB ERR – PFD2 terrain database missing. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 obstacle database error exists.
Appendix A EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT DB MISMATCH – Aviation database version mismatch. Xtalk is off. DB MISMATCH – Aviation database type mismatch. Xtalk is off. DB MISMATCH – Terrain database version mismatch. DB MISMATCH – Terrain database type mismatch. DB MISMATCH – Obstacle database version mismatch. DB MISMATCH – Airport Terrain database mismatch. Comments The MFD and/or PFD detected a failure in the Chartview database (optional feature).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix A GIA 63W Message Advisories INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message GIA1 CONFIG – GIA1 config error. Config service req’d. GIA2 CONFIG – GIA2 config error. Config service req’d. GIA1 CONFIG – GIA1 audio config error. Config service req’d. GIA2 CONFIG – GIA2 audio config error. Config service req’d. GIA1 COOLING – GIA1 temperature too low. GIA2 COOLING – GIA2 temperature too low.
Appendix A Comments The COM1 and/or COM2 external push-to-talk switch is stuck in the enable (or “pressed”) position. Press the PTT switch again to cycle its operation. If the problem persists, the G1000 system should be serviced. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The COM1 and/or COM2 transfer switch is stuck in the enabled (or “pressed”) position. Press the transfer switch again to cycle its operation. If the problem persists, the G1000 system should be serviced.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix A GEA 71 Message Advisories EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message GEA1 CONFIG – GEA1 config error. Config service req’d. GEA2 CONFIG – GEA2 config error. Config service req’d. MANIFEST – GEA1 software mismatch, communication halted. MANIFEST – GEA2 software mismatch, communication halted. Comments The GEA1 configuration settings do not match those of backup configuration memory. The G1000 system should be serviced.
Appendix A SYSTEM OVERVIEW Comments The #1 AHRS is not receiving any or any useful GPS information. Check AFMS limitations. The G1000 system should be serviced. The #2 AHRS is not receiving any or any useful GPS information. Check AFMS limitations. The G1000 system should be serviced. The #1 AHRS is not receiving backup GPS information. The G1000 system should be serviced. The #2 AHRS is not receiving backup GPS information. The G1000 system should be serviced.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix A GDL 69A Message Advisories Comments GDL 69 configuration settings do not match those of backup configuration memory. The G1000 system should be serviced. A failure has been detected in the GDL 69. The receiver is unavailable. The G1000 system should be serviced MANIFEST – GDL software mismatch, The GDL 69 has incorrect software installed. The G1000 system should be serviced. communication halted. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message GDL69 CONFIG – GDL 69 config error.
Appendix A SYSTEM OVERVIEW GWX 68 Message Advisories A failure has been detected in the GWX 68. The GWX 68 may still be usable. The GWX 68 indicates severe weather within ±10 degrees of the aircraft heading at a range of 80 to 320 nm. EIS GWX SERVICE – Needs service. Return unit for repair. WX ALERT – Possible severe weather ahead. MANIFEST – GWX software mismatch, communication halted. Comments GWX 68 configuration settings do not match those of the GDU configuration.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix A FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near and ahead. ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near – less than 2 nm. APPR INACTV – Approach is not active. SLCT FREQ – Select appropriate frequency for approach. SLCT NAV – Select NAV on CDI for approach. PTK FAIL – Parallel track unavailable: bad geometry. PTK FAIL – Parallel track unavailable: invalid leg type. PTK FAIL – Parallel track unavailable: past IAF.
Appendix A SYSTEM OVERVIEW AFCS Alerts System Status Field FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Figure A-8 AFCS System Status Field The following alert annunciations appear in the AFCS System Status field on the PFD. EIS Condition Pitch Failure Annunciation Description Pitch axis control failure. AP and YD are inoperative. Elevator Mistrim Up A condition has developed causing the pitch servo to provide a sustained force. Be prepared to apply nose up control wheel force upon autopilot disconnect.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix A Terrain-SVS Alerts FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD. Pop-up alerts appear only on the MFD. For more information on Terrain-SVS, refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section.
Appendix A SYSTEM OVERVIEW TAWS ALERTS Annunciations appear on both PFDs and the MFD. Pop-up alerts appear only on the MFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix A Flight plan Import/Export Messages In some circumstances, some messages may appear in conjunction with others. EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight Plan Import/Export Results ‘Flight plan successfully imported.’ ‘File contained user waypoints only. User waypoints imported successfully. No stored flight plan data was modified.’ ‘No flight plan files found to import.’ ‘Flight plan import failed.’ ‘Flight plan partially imported.
Appendix B SYSTEM OVERVIEW SD Card Use FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 System uses Secure Digital (SD) cards to load and store various types of data. For basic flight operations, SD cards are required for database storage as well as Jeppesen aviation and ChartView database updates. CAUTION: Do not load Jeppesen navigation data (except ChartView) onto Garmin Supplemental Data Cards. Jeppesen Databases EIS The Jeppesen aviation database is updated on a 28-day cycle.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix B 4) After the update completes, the PFD starts in normal mode. 5) Turn the G1000 System OFF and remove the SD card. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 6) Repeat steps 1 through 4 for the other PFD and the MFD. The MFD and PFD databases are now updated. Remove the SD card when finished. 7) Verify that the correct update cycle is loaded during startup of the MFD.
Appendix B SYSTEM OVERVIEW The obstacle database contains data for obstacles, such as towers, that pose a potential hazard to aircraft. Obstacles 200 feet and higher are included in the obstacle database. It is very important to note that not all obstacles are necessarily charted and therefore may not be contained in the obstacle database. This database is updated on a 56-day cycle. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle databases comes from government agencies.
EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix B AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure B-4 Database Information on the Splash Screen 3) Acknowledge the Power-up Page agreement by pressing the ENT Key or the right most softkey. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the AUX Page group on the MFD. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the System Status Page. 6) Select the DBASE Softkey to place the cursor in the ‘Database’ box.
Appendix C SYSTEM OVERVIEW Glossary auxiliary Automated Weather Observing System B ALT BARO BATT BC Bearing barometric altitude barometric setting battery backcourse The compass direction from the present position to a destination waypoint.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix C Course FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Course to Steer AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS CR CRG CRNT Crosstrack Error HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT CRS CRS CRSR CTA CTRL Cumulative CVR CVRG CWS CYL APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS D ALT DB, DBASE dBZ DCLTR, DECLTR DEC FUEL deg DEIC, DEICE DEP Desired Track INDEX DEST DF DFLT DGRD 548 The line between two points to be followed by the aircraft. The recommended direction to steer in order to reduce course error or stay on course.
Appendix C glideslope go-around gallon(s) gearbox Garmin Air Data Computer Garmin Satellite Data Link Garmin Display Unit Garmin Engine/Airframe Unit geographic Garmin Flight Control Garmin Integrated Avionics Unit Global Navigation Satellite Landing System GMA Garmin Audio Panel System GMT Greenwich Mean Time GMU Garmin Magnetometer Unit GND ground gph gallons per hour GPS Global Positioning System Grid MORA Grid Minimum Off-Route Altitude; one degree latitude by one degree longitude in size and clears th
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix C GTX Garmin Transponder HA HDG Heading Hold Terminating at Altitude heading The direction an aircraft is pointed, based upon indications from a magnetic compass or a properly set directional gyro. Hold Terminating at Fix Horizontal Figure of Merit mercury high High Sensitivity Hold with Manual Termination A measure of the uncertainty in the aircraft’s horizontal position.
Appendix C Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT INDEX pressure altitude Passenger Address Proximity Advisory passenger(s) personal computer Primary Flight Display Procedure Turn to Course Intercept pitch position parts per million Present Position pressure procedure(s), procedure turn pounds per square inch Procedure Turn APPENDICES P ALT PA PA PASS PC PFD PI PIT, PTCH POSN PPM P.
EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix C PTK PTT PWR parallel track Push-to-Talk power SEL, SLCT SFC SIAP QTY quantity R RAD RAIM REQ RES REV RF RMI RMT RNG RNWY ROL ROM rpm RST FUEL RSV RT RVRSNRY RX right, right runway radial Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring random access memory reference remaining (fuel remaining above Reserve) required reserve (fuel reserve entered by pilot) reverse, revision, revise Constant Radius Turn to Fix Radio Magnetic Indicator remote range runway roll
Appendix C APPENDICES INDEX Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT ADDITIONAL FEATURES transfer transponder cross-talk cross-track AFCS XFER, XFR XPDR XTALK XTK HAZARD AVOIDANCE watt(s), west Wide Area Augmentation System warning (GPS position error) World Geodetic System - 1984 waypoint(s) world wide weather FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 190-00663-01 Rev.
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix C Blank Page 554 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
Appendix D SYSTEM OVERVIEW Frequently Asked Questions FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If a particular aspect of G1000 operational capability is not addressed by these commonly asked questions or in the index, contact Garmin (see the copyright page or back cover for contact information) or a Garmin-authorized dealer. Garmin is dedicated to supporting its products and customers. What is WAAS? EIS The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) uses a system of ground stations to correct any GPS signal errors.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix D For RAIM to work correctly, the GPS receiver must track at least five satellites. A minimum of six satellites is required to allow RAIM to eliminate a single corrupt satellite from the navigation solution. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS RAIM ensures that satellite geometry allows for a navigation solution calculation within a specified protection limit (2.0 nm for oceanic and en route, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
Appendix D • Manual course change on HSI not possible • Manually select course to waypoint from HSI • Always navigates ‘TO’ the active waypoint • Indicates ‘TO’ or ‘FROM’ waypoint • Must be in this mode for final approach course • Cannot be set for final approach course or published holding patterns FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS OBS • Manual sequencing - ‘holds’ on selected waypoint SYSTEM OVERVIEW Normal (OBS not activated) • Automatic sequencing of waypoints EIS When OBS mode is active, the G1000 allows
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix D When does the CDI scale change? When set to ‘Auto’ (default), the GPS CDI scale automatically adjusts to the desired limits based upon the current phase of flight (Figure 2-31, 2-32, 2-33, Table 2-2). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • When a departure procedure is active, the CDI is scaled for departure (0.3 nm). • The system switches from departure to terminal CDI scaling (1.
Appendix D SYSTEM OVERVIEW Why does the HSI not respond like a VOR when OBS mode is active? FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Unlike a VOR, the CDI scale used on GPS equipment is based on the crosstrack distance to the desired course, not on the angular relationship to the destination. Therefore, the CDI deflection on the GPS is constant regardless of the distance to the destination and does not become less sensitive when further away from the destination.
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix D Blank Page 560 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Hawker Beechcraft C90A/GT 190-00663-01 Rev.
Appendix E SYSTEM OVERVIEW Map Symbols NOTE: Refer to the Flight Management Section for the topography legend and the Hazard Avoidance Airport FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Section for XM Weather Product legends.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix E Miscellaneous Item Symbol ARTCC Frequency or FSS Frequency FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Stormscope Lightning Strikes Item Symbol Lightning Strike (0-6 sec ago) Lightning Strike (6-20 sec ago) Default Map Pointer Lightning Strike (20-60 sec ago) Elevation Pointer EIS Lightning Strike (60-120 sec ago) Traffic Wind Vector AUDIO PANEL & CNS Item HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Measuring Pointer Symbol Non-threat Traffic (hollow diamond) Overzoom Indicator Proximity Advis
Appendix E SYSTEM OVERVIEW Terrain Avoidance Colors and Symbols Potential Impact Point Terrain Above Aircraft Altitude 100 ft Threshold 1000 ft FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Projected Flight Path Unlighted Obstacle EIS Terrain Color Terrain Location Red (WARNING) Terrain above, or within 100 ft below the aircraft altitude Yellow (CAUTION) Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Black Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure E-1 TAWS Color Chart FLI
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Appendix E Hazard Avoidance Features FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS This table identifies the symbols displayed in the lower right corner of PFD or MFD maps to indicate which hazard avoidance features are activated for display.
Index EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT B Backcourse Mode-------------------------------------------428 Backlighting-------------------------------------------------- 49 Barometric setting, Altimeter----------------------52, 60–61 Basic Empty Weight----------------------------------------252 Basic Operating Weight------------------------------------252 Bearing/distance, measuring------------------------------150 Bearing information------------------------------------ 66–67 Bearing Information Window
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Index FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Controls (Softkeys)-------------------------------------- 20–23 Control Wheel Steering (CWS)--------------------- 401, 431 Copy a Flight Plan------------------------------------------217 Course Deviation Indicator (CDI)--------------------- 68–71 Course To Altitude------------------------------------------247 Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT °F)--------------------- 88 D ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Databa
Index Jeppesen aviation database-------------------------------543 K L 190-00663-01 Rev.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Index Nearest airports, frequency tuning-----------------------105 Nearest Pages (NRST)--------------------------------------- 34 Night view-------------------------------------------- 485, 503 NO COMP----------------------------------------------------524 Non-path descent------------------------------416, 440–441 Normal operating mode------------------------------------ 16 RS-232----------------------------------------------------------- 4 RS-485-----------------------
Index HAZARD AVOIDANCE W WAAS-------------------------------------------- 259, 433, 532 WAAS precision approach---------------------------------443 Warranty--------------------------------------------------------- i WATCH------------------------------------------------ 337, 338 Waypoint Automatic sequencing----------------------------------557 Skipping---------------------------------------------------557 Waypoint Pages (WPT)-------------------------------------- 33 Waypoint Selection Submenu----------192
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Index AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS XM Satellite Radio------------------------------------------291 XM Satellite Weather---------------------------------------291 Activating-------------------------------------------------291 AIREPs-----------------------------------------------------319 AIRMETs---------------------------------------------------308 Cell Movement-------------------------------------------307 Cloud Tops------------------------------------------------305 County
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