GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference
RECORD OF REVISIONS Revision Date of Revision A 4/01 B 5/03 C 2/07 D E F G 190-00181-60 Rev. G 7/07 6/08 09/08 12/09 Description Initial Release Reflect software changes up to version 4.0 and restructure Updated layout, added TAWS, TERRAIN, TIS, Weather information, per SW v6.02 Updated per Main SW v6.03 Removed Proximity Advisory info from Section 12 Converted format of figures to accommodate printing process Added Section 12.
COPYRIGHT Copyright © 2009 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. This manual reflects the operation of Main System Software version 6.03 or later. Some differences may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to other software versions. Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062 USA p: 913.397.8200 f: 913.397.8282 Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Road SE, Salem, Oregon 97302 USA p: 503.391.3411 f: 503.364.2138 Garmin (Europe) Ltd.
TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION. .......................................... 1-1 1.1 Accessories and Packing List.................................. 1-1 1.2 Key and Knob Functions.......................................... 1-2 1.3 Takeoff Tour................................................................ 1-4 SECTION 2: NAV PAGES ................................................... 2-1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Main Page Groups.....................................................
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the TAWS function. The TAWS feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance and does not relieve the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during flight. The TAWS feature is only to be used as an aid for terrain avoidance and is not certified for use in applications requiring a certified terrain awareness system.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: Use the GPS 500, Weather Data Link Interface, TIS, and TAWS at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of the GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide documentation and the GPS 500 Flight Manual Supplement. Thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use.
WARRANTY AVIATION LIMITED WARRANTY All Garmin avionics products are warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for: two years from the date of purchase for new Remote-Mount and Panel-Mount products; one year from the date of purchase for new portable products and any purchased newly-overhauled products; six months for newly-overhauled products exchanged through a Garmin Authorized Service Center; and 90 days for factory repaired or newly-overhauled products exchanged at Garmin in lieu of
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Accessories and Packing List Congratulations on choosing the finest, most advanced panel mount IFR navigation/communication system available. The GPS 500 represents Garmin’s commitment to provide accurate, easy-to-use avionics. Before installing and getting started with the GPS 500, please check to see that the package includes the following items. If any parts are missing or damaged, please contact a Garmin dealer immediately.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 1.2 Key and Knob Functions The GPS 500 is designed to make operation as simple as possible. The key and knob descriptions (Figure 1-1) provide a general overview of the primary function(s) for each key and knob. The takeoff tour (Section 1.3) is intended to provide a brief overview of the primary functions of the GPS 500. Experiment with the unit and refer to the reference sections for more information. Data is entered using the large and small knobs.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Left-hand Keys and Knobs Bottom Row Keys (1) Power Knob – Controls unit power. Turn clockwise to turn unit on. (9) NRST Key – The NRST Key displays the Nearest Airports Page. Then, turning the small right knob steps through the NRST pages. (10) OBS Key – Used to select manual or automatic sequencing of waypoints. Pressing the OBS Key selects OBS mode, which retains the current ‘active to’ waypoint as the navigation reference even after passing the waypoint (i.e.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION ` NOTE: Data is entered using the large and small right knobs (Figure 1-2). Experiment with them to become efficient at entering data. This will greatly reduce the amount of time spent operating the 500 Series in flight. 1.3 Takeoff Tour Overview The Garmin GPS 500 provides the pilot accurate navigational data and communication capability, along with non-precision and precision approach certification in the IFR environment.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION After becoming familiar with the basics, some suggested reading within this Pilot’s Guide includes: • Flight plan features - Section 4 • IFR procedures - Section 5 • Waypoint information pages (database information) - Section 6 • Unit settings (configuring the unit to the pilot’s preferences) - Section 8 The Database Versions Page (Figure 1-5) appears next, which shows the current database information on the NavData Card and Terrain Data Cards.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Check CDI/HSI, RMI, and Other Instruments to verify these Indications Instrument Panel Self-test Page Fuel Capacity is entered manually Fuel On-Board and Fuel Flow are Provided by Sensors, if Installed Select to Set Fuel Level to Full Capacity Select to display Checklists Page Should Match Current OBS Course Selection Figure 1-6 Instrument Panel Self-Test Page Once the database has been acknowledged, the Instrument Panel Self-test Page appears (Figure 1-6).
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Viewing the Checklists Page: 1) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Go To Chklist?’ (Figure 1-9) and press the ENT Key. Figure 1-7 Fuel Flow Selected The Instrument Panel Self-test Page includes selections to set fuel on board to full capacity and access the Checklists Page. This allows the pilot to quickly set fuel to full limits and display any checklists that have been entered, such as start up or takeoff checklists.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Satellite Status Page The Satellite Status Page (Figure 1-10) appears as the GPS 500 attempts to collect satellite information. When an ‘Acquiring’ status is displayed on the Satellite Status Page, the signal strengths of any satellites received appear as ‘bar graph’ readings. This is a good indication that the unit is receiving signals and a position fix is being determined.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Page Groups NAV Pages Page Groups NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group see Section 2 see Section 6 see Section 8 see Section 7 There are five pages available under the NAV Page Group*: • Default NAV Page • Map Page • TAWS Page Table 1-1 Page Groups The bottom right corner of the screen (Figure 1-12) indicates which page group (Table 1-1) is currently being displayed, the number of pages available within that group (indicated by square icons), and the placement of the current
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Map Page After the GPS 500 acquires satellites and computes a position, the Map Page (Figure 1-13) appears automatically. Map Display Data Fields While viewing the Map Page, the pilot can quickly declutter and remove many of the background map details by pressing the CLR Key (repeatedly) until the desired detail is depicted. To change the map range, press the up arrow (to zoom out) or the down arrow (to zoom in) of the RNG (map range) Key.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 to spell out the rest of the waypoint identifier (Figure 1-14). Default NAV Page During most flights, the Default NAV Page, the Map Page, and the NAV/COM Page are the primary pages used for navigation. Selecting the Default NAV Page: Press and hold the CLR Key (Figure 1-16). User-Selectable Data Fields (all four corners) Figure 1-14 Direct-to Waypoint Page 5) Press the ENT Key to confirm the identifier.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION NAV/COM Page Changing the data fields: 1) From the Default NAV page, press the MENU Key and select ‘Change Fields?’ (Figure 1-17). From the Default NAV Page, turn the small right knob until the NAV/COM Page (Figure 1-19) is displayed. Frequency Type Departure, Enroute, or Arrival Airport Frequency List Figure 1-17 Default NAV Page Menu 2) Turn the large right knob to select the data field to be changed.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Displaying frequencies for a different airport along the flight plan. 1) Press the small right knob to highlight the airport identifier field. 2) Turn the small right knob to display the list of airports within the flight plan (Figure 1-20). IFR Procedures Once the direct-to or flight plan is confirmed, the whole range of instrument procedures is available.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 4) For approaches, a window appears (Figure 1-22) to select the desired initial approach fix (IAF) or provide a ‘vectors’ option to select just the final course segment of the approach. Turn the small right knob to select the desired option and press the ENT Key. (The ‘vectors’ option extends the final inbound course beyond the final approach fix, allowing the pilot to intercept the final course segment beyond its normal limits.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Displaying the NRST pages: 1) If necessary, press and hold the CLR Key to select the NAV group and display the Default NAV Page. 2) Turn the large right knob to select the NRST Page Group, as indicated by ‘NRST’ appearing in the lower right corner of the screen. 3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired NRST Page.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION The Nearest Airport Page may be used in conjunction with the Direct-to Key to quickly set a course to a nearby facility in an in-flight emergency. Selecting a nearby airport as a direct-to destination overrides the flight plan or cancels a previously selected direct-to destination. (The pilot still has the option of returning to the flight plan by cancelling the direct-to; see Section 3.1, Cancelling Direct-to Navigation.
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION By default, airspace alert messages are turned off. When turned on, the message (MSG) annunciator located directly above the MSG Key flashes to alert the pilot to the airspace message. See Section 8.4, Setup Page: Airspace Alarms for information on enabling airspace alert messages. Viewing an airspace alert message: 1) Press the MSG Key. The Messages Page appears with the alert message (Figure 1-28).
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Since using flight plans is arguably one of the more complex features of the GPS 500, it will be discussed only briefly here, with focus on creating a new flight plan and activating it to use for navigation. Answers to additional questions about flight plans not found in this brief introduction can be found in Section 4, Flight Plans. 7) Repeat steps 5 and 6, above, until all waypoints for the flight plan have been entered (Figure 1-32).
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES SECTION 2: NAV PAGES 2.1 Main Page Groups The GPS 500’s main pages are divided into four separate page groups: NAV, WPT, AUX, and NRST (Table 2-1). Each page group is comprised of multiple pages. The page groups are selected using the large right knob. The individual pages are selected using the small right knob.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES 2.2 NAV Page Group 2.3 Default NAV Page The NAV Page Group includes five pages (Figure 2-3). While viewing any NAV page, turn the small right knob to select a different NAV page. The pilot may find this selection process convenient to cycle between the Default NAV Page and the Map Page, which are two of the most frequently used pages.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES The graphic CDI shows the current position at the center of the indicator, relative to the desired course (the moving course deviation needle). As with a traditional mechanical CDI, when off course simply steer toward the needle. The TO/FROM arrow in the center of the scale indicates whether the aircraft is heading TO (up arrow) or FROM the waypoint (down arrow). Directly above the CDI appears the active leg of the flight plan, or the direct-to destination when using the Direct-to Key.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES Selecting Desired On-Screen Data At the bottom of the Default NAV Page there are six user-definable fields which display the data needed as the flight progresses (Figure 2-3). By default these fields display: distance to destination (DIS), desired track (DTK), bearing to destination (BRG), ground speed (GS), ground track (TRK), and estimated time enroute (ETE). However, each of these fields can be customized to display a different data item.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES 5) Press the ENT Key to select the desired data item and return to the Default NAV Page. 6) Press the small right knob momentarily to remove the cursor from the page. Restoring Factory Settings All data fields settings can be quickly returned to original factory settings. Restoring all six data fields to factory default settings: 1) From the Default NAV Page, press the MENU Key to display the Default NAV Page Menu.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES 2.4 Map Page The second NAV page is the Map Page (Figure 2-9), which displays the present position using an airplane symbol, along with nearby airports, NAVAIDS, userdefined waypoints, airspace boundaries, lakes, rivers, highways, and cities. Table 2-3 shows the symbols used to depict the various airports and NAVAIDS on the Map Page.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES An autozoom feature is available which automatically adjusts from an enroute range of 2000 nm through each lower range, stopping at a range of 1.0 nm when approaching the destination waypoint. The autozoom feature is turned on/off from the Map Setup Page (described in Section 2.4). The Map Page also displays a background map (or ‘basemap’) showing lakes, rivers, coastlines, highways, railways, and towns.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES Map Panning Another Map Page function is panning, which allows the map to move beyond its current limits without adjusting the map range. When the panning function is selected (by pressing the small right knob), a target pointer flashes on the Map Display (Figure 2-12). A window also appears at the top of the Map Display showing the latitude/longitude position of the pointer, plus the bearing and distance to the pointer from the present position.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES Map Direct-to Airspace Information on the Map Designating an on-screen airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint as the direct-to destination: 1) Use the panning function (‘Map Panning’ in this section) to place the target pointer on a waypoint. 2) Press the Direct-to Key to display the select Direct-to Waypoint Page, with the selected waypoint already listed (Figure 2-14).
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES 3) ‘Review Airspace?’ should already be highlighted, if not select it with the small right knob. Press the ENT Key to display the Airspace Information Page for the selected airspace. 4) To display the COM frequency(ies) for the controlling agency, turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Frequencies?’ and press the ENT Key. Press the CLR Key to return to the Airspace Information Page. 5) Press the CLR Key to exit the Airspace Information Page.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES Changing the map orientation: 1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ (Figure 2-17) and press the ENT Key. 2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Map’ (Figure 2-18) and press the ENT Key. d) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option (Figure 2-20) . Figure 2-18 Map Setup Window 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘Orientation’ field. 4) Turn the small right knob to select the desired option.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES Enabling/disabling the wind vector, all background land data, or all Jeppesen aviation data: 1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the ENT Key. 2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Map’ and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the appropriate field. 4) Turn the small right knob to select ‘On’ or ‘Off’.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES Distance Measurements 4) Again, use the small and large right knobs to place the reference pointer at the desired location to measure TO. The bearing and distance from the first reference location appears at the top of the Map Display. 5) To exit the ‘Measure Dist?’ option, press the small right knob. The ‘Measure Dist?’ option provides a quick, easy method for determining the bearing and distance between any two points on the Map Display.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES Clearing On-Screen Weather Data ‘Clear Storm Data?’ removes storm history information from the map. New storm data appears as detected and relayed by a connected weather data source. Weather data and the ‘Clear Storm Data?’ option are only available when the GPS 500 installation includes connection to weather information sources. See the 400/500 Series Display Interfaces Pilot’s Guide Addendum (190-00140-10) or Section 12 of this Pilot’s Guide.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES 2.5 TERRAIN Page Selectable Display Settings The TERRAIN Page has two selectable view settings: NOTE: GPS 500 units may* display either a TERRAIN Page or a TAWS Page, (but not both) depending upon the installed hardware and configuration. * Some earlier units are not equipped to support the TERRAIN and/or TAWS functionality, so therefore will not have a TERRAIN or TAWS page available.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES Displaying a 120˚ view: 1) 2) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU Key. Seven display ranges are available, allowing for a more complete view of the surrounding area. Changing the display range: Select ‘View 120˚?’ (Figure 2-28). Select the TERRAIN Page and press up or down on the RNG Key to select the desired range: 1 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, 25 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm (Figure 2-29). Figure 2-28 TERRAIN Page Menu 3) Press the ENT Key.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES Inhibit Mode TERRAIN Symbols TERRAIN has an inhibit mode that deactivates the FLTA/ PDA aural and visual alerts. Pilots should use discretion when inhibiting TERRAIN and always remember to enable the system when appropriate. For more information, see Section 10.3, TERRAIN alerts. Inhibiting TERRAIN: 1) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU Key. ‘Inhibit Terrain?’ is selected by default (Figure 2-31). NOTE: See Section 10.2 for a complete description of TERRAIN symbology.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES 2.6 TAWS Page NOTE: GPS 500 units may* display either a TERRAIN Page or a TAWS Page, (but not both) depending upon the installed hardware and configuration. * Some earlier units are not equipped to support the TERRAIN and/or TAWS functionality, so therefore will not have a TERRAIN or TAWS page available.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES Seven display ranges are available, allowing for a more complete view of the surrounding area. Changing the display range: Select the TAWS Page and press up or down on the RNG Key to select the desired range: 1 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, 25 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm (Figure 2-36). Inhibit Mode TAWS also has an inhibit mode that deactivates the FLTA/PDA aural and visual alerts. Pilots should use discretion when inhibiting TAWS and always remember to enable the system when appropriate.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES TAWS Manual Test TAWS Symbols Garmin TAWS provides a manual test capability which verifies the proper operation of the aural and visual annunciations of the system prior to a flight. Manually testing the TAWS system: 1) Select the TAWS Page and press the MENU Key. 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘Test Terrain?’ option (Figure 2-40). NOTE: See Section 11.2 for a complete description of TAWS symbology.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES 2.7 NAV/COM Page The NAV/COM (navigation communications) Page (Figure 2-42) provides a list of the airport communication and navigation frequencies at the departure, enroute, and arrival airports. The NAV/COM Page makes display of the frequencies needed along the flight plan quick and convenient. If there is no active flight plan with a departure airport, the NAV/COM Page displays the frequencies for the airport nearest the departure position.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES Scrolling through the list of frequencies: 1) 2) Activate the cursor, if not already active, by pressing the small right knob. Turn the large right knob to move the cursor through the list of frequencies. If there are more frequencies in the list that can be displayed on the screen, a scroll bar along the right-hand side of the screen (Figure 2-44) indicates which part of the list is currently being displayed.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES 2.8 Satellite Status Page 1 The Satellite Status Page (the sixth NAV page) provides a visual reference of GPS receiver functions, including current satellite coverage, GPS receiver status, and position accuracy. The Satellite Status Page (Figure 2-47) is helpful in troubleshooting weak (or missing) signal levels due to poor satellite coverage or installation problems.
SECTION 2 NAV PAGES The Satellite Status Page also indicates the accuracy of the position fix, using Estimated Position Error (EPE), Dilution of Precision (DOP), and Horizontal Uncertainty Level (HUL) figures. DOP measures satellite geometry quality (i.e., number of satellites received and where they are relative to each other) on a scale from one to ten. The lowest numbers are the best accuracy and the highest numbers are the worst.
SECTION 3 DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION SECTION 3: DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION 3.1 Overview The GPS 500’s direct-to function provides a quick method of setting a course to a destination waypoint. Once a direct-to is activated, the GPS 500 establishes a point-topoint course line (great circle) from the present position to the selected direct-to destination. Navigation data on the various NAV pages provides steering guidance until the direct-to is cancelled or replaced by a new destination.
SECTION 3 DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION Selecting a Destination by Facility Name or City In addition to selecting a destination by identifier, the Select Direct-to Waypoint Page (Figure 3-4) also allows the pilot to select airports, VORs and NDBs by facility name or city location. If duplicate entries exist for the entered facility name or city, additional entries may be viewed by continuing to turn the small right knob during the selection process. See Section 6.1, Duplicate Waypoints for more information.
SECTION 3 DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION Selecting a Destination from the Active Flight Plan When navigating an active flight plan, any waypoint contained in the flight plan may be selected as a direct-to destination from the Select Direct-to Waypoint Page. See Section 4, for more information on flight plans. Selecting a direct-to destination from the active flight plan: 1) 2) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to Waypoint Page appears, with the waypoint identifier field highlighted.
SECTION 3 DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION Selecting the Nearest Airport as a Direct-to Destination The Select Direct-to Waypoint Page always displays the nearest airports (from the present position) in the NRST field. Navigating directly to a nearby airport is always just a few simple steps away. (Nearby airports may also be selected as direct-to destinations using the steps described in Section 7.1.) Selecting a nearby airport as a direct-to destination: 1) Press the Direct-to Key.
SECTION 3 DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION 2) If a list of waypoints is displayed on-screen: a) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. b) Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired waypoint (Figure 3-11). Selecting a Direct-to destination from the Map Page Direct-to destinations may also be selected from the Map Page. If no airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint exists at the desired location, a waypoint named ‘+MAP’ is automatically created at the location of the panning pointer.
SECTION 3 DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION Cancelling Direct-to Navigation 3) Once a direct-to is activated, the GPS 500 provides navigation guidance to the selected destination until the direct-to is replaced with a new direct-to or flight plan, cancelled, or the unit is turned off. Press the ENT Key to confirm the selected waypoint, then turn the large right knob to highlight the course (‘CRS’) field (Figure 3-14). Cancelling a direct-to: 1) Press the Direct-to Key to display the Select Direct-to Waypoint Page.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS SECTION 4: FLIGHT PLANS The GPS 500 lets the pilot create up to 20 different flight plans, with up to 31 waypoints in each flight plan. The Flight Plan Page Group consists of two pages (Active Flight Plan Page and Flight Plan Catalog Page; Figures 4-1 and 4-2), accessed by pressing the FPL Key. The flight plan pages allow the pilot to create, edit, and copy flight plans. 4.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS 4) A blank Flight Plan Page appears for the first empty storage location. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identifier of the departure waypoint and press the ENT Key. 5) Repeat step 4 to enter the identifier for each additional flight plan waypoint (Figure 4-4). Figure 4-5 Flight Plan Page 5) Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identifier of the new waypoint (Figure 4-6) and press the ENT Key.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS Deleting a waypoint from an existing flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small right knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 2) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired flight plan and press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large right knob to select the waypoint to be deleted and press the CLR Key to display a ‘remove waypoint’ confirmation window (Figure 4-8).
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS Activating Flight Plans Inverting Flight Plans Once a flight plan is defined through the Flight Plan Catalog Page (using the steps outlined previously in this section), it may be activated for navigation. Activating the flight plan places it into ‘flight plan 00’ and overwrites any previous information at that location. After travelling along a flight plan, the pilot may wish to reverse the route for navigation guidance back to the original departure point.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS Copying Flight Plans Deleting Flight Plans To save a flight plan currently located in ‘flight plan 00’, copy it to an open catalog location (1-19) before the flight plan is cancelled, overwritten, or erased. When finished with a flight plan, it can easily be deleted from the Flight Plan Catalog Page or the Active Flight Plan Page.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS Flight Plan Catalog Options 4) If ‘Manual’ is selected: Turn the large right knob to select the ‘Transfer’ field, then turn the small right knob to select the type of information to transfer between units (active flight plan, flight plan, all user waypoints or a single user waypoint). When ‘Flight Plan’ or ‘User Waypoint’ is selected, a second field appears to the immediate right of the ‘Transfer’ field.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS • ‘Copy Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to copy the selected flight plan to a new flight plan location, as described previously in this section. The copy function is useful for duplicating an existing flight plan before making changes. • ‘Delete Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to remove the selected flight plan from memory, as described previously in this section.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS 4.2 Active Flight Plan Page The Active Flight Plan Page provides information and editing functions for ‘flight plan 00’, the flight plan currently in use for navigation. When a direct-to or flight plan has been activated, the Active Flight Plan Page shows each waypoint for the flight plan (or a single waypoint for a direct-to, Figure 4-18), along with the desired track (DTK) and distance (DIS) for each leg.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS Activate Leg Crossfill Copy Flight Plan Invert Flight Plan Delete Flight Plan Select Approach Select Arrival Select Departure Remove Approach Remove Arrival Remove Departure Closest Point of FPL Change Fields Restore Defaults Active Flight Plan Page Menu Options Activates/reactivates the flight plan and selects the highlighted leg as the ‘active leg’ (the leg which is currently used for navigation guidance).
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS The data fields for DTK and DIS are user-selectable and may be changed to display cumulative distance (CUM) to each waypoint, estimated time of arrival (ETA), estimated time enroute (ETE), or enroute safe altitude (ESA). Changing a data field on the Active Flight Plan Page: 1) 2) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed, press the MENU Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page Menu. Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Change Fields?’ (Figure 4-20) and press the ENT Key.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS Selecting an approach for a direct-to or flight plan destination airport: 1) Choose the ‘Select Approach?’ option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 4-23) and press the ENT Key. Figure 4-23 Active Flight Plan Page Menu 2) A window appears listing the available approaches (Figure 4-24) for the destination airport. Turn the small right knob to highlight the desired approach and press the ENT Key.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS Selecting an arrival for a direct-to or flight plan destination airport: 1) Select the ‘Select Arrival?’ option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 4-26) and press the ENT Key. Figure 4-28 Transitions Window 4) With ‘Load?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. Selecting a departure for the departure airport: 1) Select the ‘Select Departure?’ option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu and press the ENT Key.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS Removing an approach, arrival, or departure from the active flight plan: 1) Select the ‘Remove Approach?’, ‘Remove Arrival?’, or ‘Remove Departure?’ option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 4-29) and press the ENT Key. Figure 4-30 Active Flight Plan Page Menu Figure 4-29 Active Flight Plan Page Menu 2) 2) A window appears with the reference waypoint field highlighted.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS Shortcuts A number of shortcuts are available to save time when using the Active Flight Plan Page. These shortcuts speed the process of removing approaches, departures and arrivals, and aid in selecting a specific flight plan leg for navigation guidance. On the preceding page, options to remove approaches, departures, and arrivals were introduced. This process may also be completed using the CLR Key, described as follows.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS The ‘Activate Leg?’ option is discussed previously in this section, which allows the pilot to specify which leg of the flight plan is used for navigation guidance. A shortcut also exists for this operation, using the Direct-to Key. Activating a specific leg of the active flight plan: 1) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor and turn the large right knob to highlight the desired destination waypoint.
SECTION 4 FLIGHT PLANS Blank Page 4-16 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES SECTION 5: PROCEDURES 3) 5.1 Approaches, Departures, and Arrivals The GPS 500 allows the pilot to fly non-precision and precision approaches to airports with published instrument approach procedures. All available approaches are stored on the Jeppesen NavData card, and are automatically updated when the new card is inserted into the GPS 500. Subscription information for NavData cards is included in the GPS 500 package.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES 5) 6) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Load?’ or ‘Activate?’ (approaches only) and press the ENT Key. (‘Load?’ adds the procedure to the flight plan without immediately using it for navigation guidance. This allows the pilot to continue navigating the original flight plan, but keeps the procedure available on the Active Flight Plan Page for quick activation when needed.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Another Procedures Page option allows the pilot to activate the final course segment of the approach. This option assumes the pilot will receive vectors to the final approach fix (FAF) and provides guidance to intercept the final course, before reaching the FAF. Activating the approach, with vectors to final: 1) Press the PROC Key to display the Procedures Page. 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Activate Vector-To-Final?’ (Figure 5-6) and press the ENT Key.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES 4) Select Destination ‘Select’ and ‘Load’ the approach ‘Activate’ the full approach or vectors-to-final, as appropriate. In some scenarios, it may be more convenient to immediately activate the approach and skip the ‘Load’ process outlined in the preceding step 3. The GPS 500 provides both options. Approaches with Procedure Turns ‘Activate’ the approach DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION The procedure turn portion of an approach is stored as one of the legs of the approach.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES The steps required to set up and fly the approach are detailed below (refer to Figure 5-8 for the following steps): 1) Prior to departing KFDK, the destination (KLYH) is selected using the Direct-to Key or by creating a flight plan terminating at Lynchburg Regional. 2) While enroute to KLYH, view the ATIS frequency from the list on the NAV/COM Page (Section 2.6 and Figure 5-9). 4) From the Transitions Window (Figure 5-11), select LYH VOR (the IAF).
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Flying the Procedure Turn 2) 4 Several miles prior to reaching the IAF (LYH), the pilot may wish to review the approach sequence. Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page. Press the small right knob, and then turn the large right knob to review each segment of the approach (Figure 5-14). When finished, press the FPL Key again to return to the previous page.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES 4) Fly the outbound course. Refer to Figure 5-17 for the following steps: 5) Approximately one minute after passing the FAF (LYH), the alert message ‘START PROC TRN’ appears along the bottom of the screen (Figure 5-16). Initiate the procedure turn at any time after receiving this alert message. 6) Course guidance is provided relative to the outbound leg from the FAF. No guidance through the procedure turn itself is given.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES 10) When approaching the FAF, a waypoint alert (‘NEXT DTK 026°’) appears in the lower right corner. Make any course adjustments necessary for the final course segment (FAF to MAP). course continues. If a missed approach is required, use the OBS Key to initiate the missed approach sequence, as outlined, beginning on the following page. 11) After crossing the FAF, the destination sequences to the MAP (‘RW04’, the runway threshold, see Figure 5-20). Fly toward the MAP.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES The OBS Key is used to initiate the missed approach, as follows (refer to Figure 5-22 for the following steps): 1) Press the OBS Key. The missed approach holding point (MAHP; in this case ‘SWARM’ intersection) is automatically offered as the destination waypoint. NOTE: In some cases, an additional hold waypoint is added to the missed approach sequence.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Flying an Approach with a Hold 5) Starting where the previous example left off, assume weather conditions resulted in a missed approach at Lynchburg Regional. The pilot has decided to divert to Farmville Regional (KFVX) instead (refer to Figure 5-24 for the following steps). From the Transitions Window, select BODRY intersection as the IAF (Figure 5-25). Also, select ‘Activate?’ to load and activate the approach.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION 10) When crossing the IAF, ‘SUSP’ appears above the OBS Key, indicating that automatic sequencing of approach waypoints is temporarily suspended. As the aircraft turns inbound, ‘SUSP’ is cancelled and the GPS 500 returns to automatic sequencing. Figure 5-27 Terminal Mode Refer to Figure 5-27 for the following steps.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Figure 5-30 Final Approach DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION Figure 5-29 Approach Mode Refer to Figure 5-29 for the following steps. 11) When approaching BODRY intersection, a waypoint alert (’NEXT DTK 209°’) appears along the bottom of the screen. 12) At 2.0 nm from the FAF (DEPOY intersection), the GPS 500 switches from terminal mode to approach mode. CDI scaling is tightened from 1.0 to 0.3 nm, full scale deflection.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Flying a DME Arc Approach The GPS overlay for a DME arc approach uses additional Jeppesen-provided waypoints to define the arc. These waypoints are indicated by ‘D’ as the first letter in the waypoint name. This is followed by three numbers which indicate the radial the waypoint lies on. The last letter indicates the radius of the arc. Either of the following may be done to intercept the arc for a DME arc approach: • Follow a specified radial inbound to intercept the IAF.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Press the PROC Key and select the ‘VOR 22’ approach (Figure 5-34) using the steps outlined in Section 5.1. From the Transitions Window, select ‘D258G’ as the IAF. Also, select ‘Load?’ (or ‘Activate?’, if already cleared for the approach). 2) DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION Figure 5-34 Approach Window Figure 5-32 Enroute Mode This example is based upon a flight from Hutchinson (Kansas) Municipal (KHUT) to Billard Municipal (KTOP) in Topeka, Kansas.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Refer to Figure 5-35 for the following steps. 3) Within 30 nm of KTOP, the GPS 500 switches from enroute mode to terminal mode and the CDI scale transitions from 5.0 to 1.0 nm, full scale deflection. 4) If the approach has not yet been activated (in step 2 above), do so when cleared for the approach (Figure 5-36). 6) Follow the arc, when the course select setting and desired track differ by more than 10°, a ‘Set course to ###°’ message appears on the Message Page (Figure 5-37).
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Refer to Figure 5-38 for the following steps. DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION 10) After crossing the FAF, the destination sequences to the MAP (‘RW22’, the runway threshold). With the needle centered, fly toward the MAP, observing the altitude minimums dictated by the approach plate. When viewing the Map Page, note that the final course segment is displayed in magenta (the active leg of the flight plan always appears in magenta) and a dashed line extends the course beyond the MAP.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Vectors to Final Take a second look at the ‘VOR 22’ approach into Billard Municipal. Instead of following the DME arc, ATC tells the pilot to expect vectors onto the final approach course. There are several ways to select ‘vectors to final’ with the GPS 500. The first two options below normally require the least workload to accomplish: • When the approach is first selected, choose ‘VECTORS’ from the Transitions Window.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES 3) From the Transitions Window, select ‘D258G’ as the IAF. Also, select ‘Load?’. 4) When cleared, press the PROC Key and select ‘Activate Vector-To-Final?’ (Figure 5-42). DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION Figure 5-42 Procedures Page Flying the Vectors Approach With ‘vectors to final’ selected, the CDI needle remains off center until the aircraft is established on the final approach course.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Figure 5-44 Procedures Page 3) 4) 5) ATC instructs the pilot to turn left to a heading of 025°. This places the aircraft parallel to the final approach course in the opposite direction. CDI needle deflection is to the left. ATC instructs the pilot to turn right to a heading of 115°. ATC instructs the pilot to turn right to a heading of 175° to intercept the final approach course. When converging with the final approach course the needle moves toward the center.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES 8) When crossing the FAF, the destination sequences to the MAP (‘RW22’). 9) When approaching the MAP, a waypoint alert (‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right corner. 10) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears above the OBS Key (Figure 5-48), indicating that automatic sequencing of approach waypoints is suspended at the MAP. A ‘from’ indication is displayed on the CDI and Default NAV Page, but course guidance along the final approach course continues.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Figure 5-50 Waypoint Alert, Default NAV Page 2) 3) Fly the ‘course from fix to distance’ leg, as shown on the Active Flight Plan Page and the Default NAV Page. Note the magenta line in Figure 5-51, which represents the currently active leg of the approach. The distance (DIS) displayed on the above screens is TO the ‘D13.0’ point. The flight plan automatically sequences to the next leg upon reaching ‘D13.0’. At 13.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Course from fix to altitude legs show the specific target altitude on the Active Flight Plan Page and the Default NAV Page. The missed approach sequence for the Palmdale VOR/DME RWY 25 approach includes a course from fix to altitude leg. MISSED APPROACH: Palmdale (CA) AF Plant 42 VOR/DME or GPS Rwy 25 1) After crossing the MAP, press the OBS Key. The missed approach sequence is automatically offered, starting with the course from fix to altitude leg.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES 5) An alert (‘NEXT DTK 119°’) appears, providing guidance to the inbound course (Figure 5-55) The actual desired track (DTK) depends on ground speed and distance from PMD VOR. Intercept and fly the inbound course. 7) Note that the GPS 500 again displays ‘SUSP’ above the OBS Key. Automatic waypoint sequencing is suspended at the missed approach holding point.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Course from fix to manual sequence legs appear on the Active Flight Plan Page and the Map Page with ‘man seq’ in place of a waypoint identifier. An example of this type of course leg appears in the COASTAL ONE DEPARTURE from Westfield, Massachusetts (Barnes Muni). The example leg corresponds to the departure leg from Barnes Municipal and appears (as in Figure 5-68) on the Active Flight Plan Page and the Default NAV Page: COASTAL ONE DEPARTURE (CSTL1.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES 5.3 Points to Remember for All Approaches • The GPS 500 is designed to complement printed approach plates and vastly improve situational awareness throughout the approach. However, the pilot must always fly an approach as it appears on the approach plate. Figure 5-59 Waypoint Alert 4) When the OBS Key is pressed, the GPS 500 automatically sequences to each waypoint along the remainder of the departure route, including the selected transition. 190-00181-60 Rev.
SECTION 5 PROCEDURES Blank Page 5-26 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES SECTION 6: WPT PAGES Quickly selecting a WPT page: 1) From any page, press and hold the CLR Key to select the Default NAV Page (this step may be skipped if the unit is already displaying any of the main pages.) 2) Turn the large right knob to select the WPT Page Group. ‘WPT’ appears along the bottom of the screen. 3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired WPT page. 6.1 WPT Page Group Section 2.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES Entering a waypoint identifier: 1) Select the desired WPT page and press the small right knob to activate the cursor. Entering a waypoint facility name or city location: 1) Select the Airport Location Page, NDB Page or VOR Page from the WPT Page Group (as described on the preceding page). 2) Turn the small right knob to select the first character of the waypoint’s identifier. 3) Turn the large right knob to select the next character field.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES Duplicate Waypoints 3) Once the identifier, facility name, or location is entered, all six airport pages display information for the selected airport. When entering an identifier, facility name, or location, the GPS 500’s Spell’N’Find feature scrolls through the database, displaying those waypoints matching the characters that have been entered to that point.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES Selecting a waypoint identifier from a list of duplicates: 1) Select the desired airport or NAVAID identifier following the preceding steps under ‘To enter a waypoint facility name or city location’. 2) A Duplicate Waypoints Window appears (Figure 6-6). Turn the large right knob to select the desired waypoint and press the ENT Key. 6.2 Airport Location Page The Airport Location Page (Figure 6-7) displays the latitude, longitude, and elevation of the selected airport.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES The following descriptions and abbreviations are used: Selecting an Airport Location Page Menu Option: • Type - Usage type: Public, Heliport, Military, or Private 1) With a Flight Plan active, select the Airport Location Page. • Position - Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes or degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS, or UTM/UPS 2) Press the MENU Key to display the Airport Location Page Menu.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES 6.3 Airport Runway Page 3) The Airport Runway Page (Figure 6-9) displays runway designations, length, surface type, and lighting for the selected airport. A map image of the runway layout and surrounding area is also displayed on the Airport Runway Page. The map image range appears in the lower left corner and is adjustable using the RNG Key. For airports with multiple runways, information for each runway is available.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES Adjusting the range of the map image: 1) 2) Selecting an Airport Runway Page Menu Option: Press the down arrow of the RNG Key to display a smaller map area. 1) Press the up arrow of the RNG Key to display a larger map area. With a Flight Plan Active, select the Airport Runway Page. 2) Press the MENU Key to display the Airport Runway Page Menu. 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Select Next FPL Apt?’ or ‘Select Destination Apt?’ and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-12).
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES 6.4 Airport Frequency Page The Airport Frequency Page displays radio frequencies and frequency types for the selected airport, as well as sector and altitude restrictions (where applicable). If the selected airport has a localizer-based approach, the localizer frequency(ies) is also listed on the Airport Frequency Page (Figure 6-13). To view frequency information for a particular airport on the Airport Frequency Page, enter the Airport’s Identifier per Section 6.1.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES If a listed frequency has sector or altitude restrictions, the frequency is preceded by an ‘Info?’ designation (Figure 6-15). Viewing usage restrictions for a frequency: 1) Turn the large right knob to place the cursor on the ‘Info?’ designation directly to the left of the desired frequency (Figure 6-15). Figure 6-15 ‘Info?’ Highlighted 2) Press the ENT Key to display the restriction information (Figure 6-16).
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES Airport Frequency Page Options 6.5 Airport Approach Page The following options are available for the Airport Frequency Page, by pressing the MENU Key: The Airport Approach Page (Figure 6-18) shows the available approach procedures for the selected airport. Where multiple initial approach fixes (IAFs) and feeder routes are available, that information may also be displayed. A map image provides a layout diagram for each approach and transition.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES Airport Approach Page Options The following options are available for the Airport Approach Page, by pressing the MENU Key: Figure 6-19 Approach Window 4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor moves to the transitions (TRANS) field. 5) Turn the small right knob to display a window of available transitions (Figure 6-20). Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired transition or select ‘VECTORS’ for guidance only along the final course segment of the approach.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES Loading an approach from the Airport Approach Page: 1) Select the desired approach and transition using the steps outlined in Section 5.1. 2) Press the MENU Key to display the Airport Approach Page Menu. 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Load into Active FPL?’ and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-21). 6.6 Airport Arrival Page The Airport Arrival Page (Figure 6-22) shows the available Airport Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) procedures for the selected airport.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES NOTE: (‘ALL’ may appear in the runway field, indicating the arrival procedure applies to all runways. For airports with parallel runways, ‘B’ may appear at the end of the runway designation to indicate the arrival procedure applies to both runways.) Figure 6-23 Arrivals Window 4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor moves to the transitions (TRANS) field. 5) Turn the small right knob to display a window of available transitions (Figure 6-24).
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES Airport Arrival Page Options 6.7 Airport Departure Page The following options are available for the Airport Arrival Page, by pressing the MENU Key: The Airport Departure Page (Figure 6-27) shows the available Airport Standard Instrument Departure (SID) procedures for the selected airport. Where multiple runways or transitions are associated with the departure procedure, that information may also be displayed.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES 3) Turn the small right knob to display a window of available departures for the selected airport (Figure 6-28). Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired departure. Figure 6-28 Departure Window 4) 5) Press the ENT Key. The cursor moves to the runway field. Turn the small right knob to display a window of available runways (Figure 6-29). Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired runway.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES 6.8 Intersection Page 6.9 NDB Page The Intersection Page (Figure 6-31) displays the latitude, longitude, region, and country for the selected intersection. The Intersection Page also displays the identifier, radial, and distance from the nearest VOR, VORTAC, or VOR/DME. Intersections may only be selected by identifier, as described in Section 6.1. The NDB Page displays the facility name, city, region/ country, latitude, and longitude for the selected NDB (Figure 6-32).
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES 6.10 VOR Page 6.11 User Waypoint Page The VOR Page (Figure 6-33) displays the facility name, city, region/country, magnetic variation, latitude, and longitude for the selected VOR. The VOR Page also displays the frequency and a weather broadcast indication (if applicable). As mentioned in Section 6.1, VORs may be selected by identifier, facility name, or location (city).
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES User waypoints may only be selected by name (identifier), as described in Section 6.1. 4) Creating User Waypoints Use the small and large right knobs to enter the position coordinates for the new waypoint (Figure 6-36). User waypoints may be created from the User Waypoint Page or the Map Page. To create a new user waypoint, simply enter its name (identifier) and position, or reference another waypoint by radial and distance.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES Figure 6-37 Reference Waypoint Field Highlighted 4) Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identifier of the reference waypoint. The reference waypoint can be an airport, VOR, NDB, intersection, or another user waypoint. Press the ENT Key to accept the selected identifier. 5) The cursor moves to the radial (RAD) field (Figure 6-38). Use the small and large right knobs to enter the radial from the reference waypoint to the new user waypoint.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES Creating User Waypoints from the Map Page Modifying User Waypoints The Map Page and panning target pointer (Section 2.4, Map Panning) provide a quick means of saving the present position as a user-defined waypoint. To modify an existing waypoint, select that waypoint on the User Waypoint Page and enter the new position information directly over the old information.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES Modifying a user waypoint by changing reference waypoint information: 1) With the User Waypoint Page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 2) Use the small and large right knobs to enter the name of the desired waypoint and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the first reference waypoint (REF WPT) field, to change the reference waypoint.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES User Waypoint Page Options 4) The following User Waypoint Page options are available by pressing the MENU Key: Deleting a user waypoint: • View User Waypoint List? - displays a list of all user waypoints currently stored in memory. • Delete User Waypoint? - Allows the pilot to delete the selected waypoint from memory. Press the small right knob to return to the User Waypoint Page.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES User Waypoint List The User Waypoint List (Figure 6-46) allows the pilot to review, modify, rename, or delete a selected user waypoint, or to delete all user waypoints currently stored in memory. The top of the page shows the number of waypoints used and available memory. Reviewing and/or modifying a user waypoint from the User Waypoint List: 1) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in this section.
SECTION 6 WPT PAGES Deleting a user waypoint from the User Waypoint List: 1) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in this section. 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired user waypoint. 3) Press the CLR Key to display a ‘delete waypoint’ confirmation window (Figure 6-47). Deleting all user waypoints from memory: 1) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in this section. 2) Press the MENU Key to display a menu for the User Waypoint List (Figure 6-48).
SECTION 7 NRST PAGES SECTION 7: NRST PAGES Quickly selecting a NRST page: 1) 7.1 NRST Page Group From any page, press the NRST Key, ‘NRST’ appears along the bottom of the screen (see Figure 7-2). Section 2.1 introduced the 500 Series’ main page groups (Table 7-1)—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and described each page in the NAV group. This fourth page group (NRST) provides detailed information for the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, and user waypoints within 200 nm of the current position.
SECTION 7 NRST PAGES Not all nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, or user waypoints can be displayed on the corresponding NRST page at one time. The Nearest Airport Page displays detailed information for three nearest airports, with a scroll bar along the right-hand side of the page indicating which part of the list is currently being viewed. The Nearest Airspace Page displays detailed information for up to three special use or controlled airspace alerts.
SECTION 7 NRST PAGES Navigating to a Nearby Waypoint 7.2 Nearest Airport Page The NRST pages can be used in conjunction with the 500 Series direct-to function to quickly set a course to a nearby facility, and can provide navigation to the nearest airport in case of an in-flight emergency. The Nearest Airport Page displays the identifier, symbol, bearing, and distance to the nine nearest airports (within 200 nm of the present position).
SECTION 7 NRST PAGES Additional communication frequencies, runway information, and more are available from the Nearest Airport Page by highlighting the identifier of the desired airport and pressing the ENT Key. 5) Viewing additional information for a nearby airport: 1) Select the Nearest Airport Page, using the steps outlined in Section 7.1. 2) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor.
SECTION 7 NRST PAGES 7.3 Nearest Intersection Page 7.4 Nearest NDB Page The Nearest Intersection Page (Figure 7-9) displays the identifier, symbol, bearing, and distance to the nine nearest intersections (within 200 nm of the present position). To view additional information for a nearby intersection, start from the Nearest Intersection Page and follow the preceding steps 2 through 4.
SECTION 7 NRST PAGES 7.5 Nearest VOR Page The Nearest VOR Page (Figure 7-11) displays the identifier, symbol, bearing, and distance to the nine nearest VORs (within 200 nm of the present position). For each VOR listed, the nearest VOR Page also indicates the VOR frequency. VOR Identifier and Symbol Bearing To and Distance To VOR Frequency Viewing additional information for a nearby VOR: 1) Select the Nearest VOR Page, using the steps outlined in Section 7.1.
SECTION 7 NRST PAGES 7.6 Nearest User Waypoint Page 7.7 Nearest Center (ARTCC) Page The Nearest User Waypoint Page (Figure 7-13) displays the name, bearing, and distance to the nine nearest user waypoints (within 200 nm of the present position). The Nearest Center Page (Figure 7-14) displays the facility name, bearing to, and distance to the five nearest ARTCC points of communication (within 200 nm of the present position).
SECTION 7 NRST PAGES 7.8 Nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) Page The Nearest Flight Service Station Page (Figure 7-15) displays the facility name, bearing to, and distance to the five nearest FSS points of communication (within 200 nm of the present position). For each FSS listed, the Nearest Flight Service Station Page also indicates one or more frequencies. For duplex operations, ‘RX’ and ‘TX’ indications appears beside the listed frequencies, indicating ‘receive only’ or ‘transmit only’ frequencies.
SECTION 7 NRST PAGES Figure 7-17 Airspace Message Once an airspace alert message appears, detailed information concerning the specific airspace is provided on the Nearest Airspace Page (Figure 7-18). The Nearest Airspace Page displays the airspace name, status (‘Ahead’, ‘Ahead < 2nm’, etc., as described on the preceding page), and a time to entry (if applicable).
SECTION 7 NRST PAGES 4) Press the ENT Key to display the Airspace Page for the selected nearby airspace (Figure 7-19). Airspace Name and Type To view the frequency for a controlling agency: 1) Follow the preceding steps 1 through 4 to display the Airspace Page for the desired controlled or special use airspace. 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘View Frequencies?’ and press the ENT Key.
SECTION 7 NRST PAGES The Airspace Page (Figure 7-21) displays (and airspace alert messages are provided for) the following airspace types: The bottom right-hand corner of the Airspace Page displays the floor and ceiling limits of the airspace.
SECTION 7 NRST PAGES Blank Page 7-12 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES SECTION 8: AUX PAGES Quickly selecting an AUX page: 1) 8.1 AUX Page Group Section 2.1 introduced the GPS 500’s main page groups (Table 8-1)—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and described each page in the NAV group. The third page group (AUX) allows the pilot to change unit settings. The AUX pages (Figure 8-1) also provide trip planning, fuel planning, density altitude, true airspeed, and winds aloft calculations.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES 8.2 Flight Planning Page 3) The Flight Planning Page (Figure 8-4) provides access (via ‘menu options’) to E6B functions for fuel planning, trip planning, density altitude/true airspeed/winds aloft calculations, and a ‘Crossfill’ function to transfer flight plans/user waypoints to a second 400/500-series Garmin unit. When a menu option is selected, the corresponding page appears providing additional information and features. Press the ENT Key (Figure 8-5) to display the desired page.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES ♦ Fuel flow sensor installed, but no fuel on board sensor - Fuel on board is manually entered. Fuel flow is automatically provided by sensor. If fuel flow is manually entered (to override the sensor), it does not affect the FOB figure and is not retained the next time the page is displayed. ♦ Fuel flow and fuel on board sensors installed - Fuel flow and fuel on board are automatically provided by sensors. Fuel on board can NOT be entered manually.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Flight Planning Page: Fuel Planning Performing fuel planning operations: 1) Select ‘Fuel Planning’ from the Flight Planning Page, using the steps described in Section 8.2. 2) The current fuel planning ‘mode’ is displayed at the top of the page: ‘POINT TO POINT’ or ‘FPL’ (for a flight plan). To change the mode, press the MENU Key to display the Fuel Planning Page Menu for the other mode, then press the ENT Key to accept the other mode.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES 6) 7) Use the small and large right knobs to enter the amount of fuel on board. Press the ENT Key when finished. The flashing cursor moves to the fuel flow (FF) field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the fuel flow rate. Press the ENT Key when finished. Note that if a fuel system is providing current fuel flow, the fuel flow field defaults to this value. 8) The flashing cursor moves to the ground speed (GS) field.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES 5) Turn the large right knob to highlight the departure time (DEP TIME) field (Figure 8-8). Flight Planning Page: Density Alt/TAS/Winds Calculating density altitude, true airspeed, and winds aloft: 1) Select ‘Density Alt/TAS/Winds’ from the Flight Planning Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) The flashing cursor highlights the indicated altitude (IND ALT) field.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES 5) The flashing cursor moves to the total air temperature (TAT) field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the temperature (Figure 8-10). Press the ENT Key when finished. Figure 8-10 TAT Selected 6) The flashing cursor moves to the aircraft heading (HDG) field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the aircraft heading from the directional gyro or compass. Press the ENT Key when finished.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES 5) The flashing cursor moves to the time/date field. Use the small and large right knobs to set the time or date (Figure 8-12) required before the message is displayed. Time is entered as hours/minutes/seconds (hhh:mm:ss). Eventbased messages expire at a specific date and time. Press the ENT Key when finished. Deleting a scheduled message: 1) Select ‘Scheduler’ from the Flight Planning Page, using the steps described in this section.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Transferring flight plans or user waypoints to/from a second 400/500-series unit: 1) Select ‘Crossfill’ from the Flight Planning Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) The flashing cursor highlights the method field. Turn the small right knob to select ‘Auto’ or ‘Manual’ (Figure 8-13). ‘Auto’ automatically transfers any selection of (or any change to) a direct-to destination or active flight plan to a second 400/500-series Garmin unit.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES 4) Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired data option. Press the ENT Key when finished. 5) For a stored flight plan (‘Flight Plan’ data option), the flight plan number field is highlighted. Turn the small right knob to select the desired flight plan and press the ENT Key. 6) For a specified user waypoint (‘User Waypoint’ data option), the waypoint identifier field is highlighted.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Selecting a menu option from the Utility Page: 1) Press the small right knob momentarily, to activate the flashing cursor (Figure 8-15). 2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired menu option 3) Press the ENT Key to view the selected page (Figure 8-16). Figure 8-16 Trip Statistics Page The following menu options are available: • Checklists - Provides up to nine different userdefined checklists containing up to 30 items each.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES If a ‘WARN’ annunciation appears at the bottom left corner, GPS satellite coverage may be sufficient, but the GPS 500 has detected a position error which exceeds protection limits. In this condition, all GPS navigation data on the GPS 500 is disabled. Use an alternate navigation source. • Software Versions - Provides software version information for the operating software within the GPS receiver, and main processor board.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Executing a checklist: 1) 2) With the Checklists Page displayed, turn the large right knob to select the desired checklist and press the ENT Key. As each checklist item is completed, press the ENT Key to move to the next item on the list. Inserting a checklist step into an existing checklist: 1) With the Checklists Page displayed, turn the large right knob to select the desired checklist and press the ENT Key.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Utility Page: Flight Timers Copying a checklist: 1) With the Checklists Page displayed and the desired checklist selected, press the MENU Key. 2) Turn the large right knob to select ‘Copy Checklist? and press the ENT Key to copy the checklist to an empty checklist memory location. Viewing, using, or resetting the generic timer: 1) Select ‘Flight Timers’ from the Utility Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section (8.3).
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES 5) 6) To stop the generic timer, turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Stop? and press the ENT Key. Viewing, using, or resetting total trip time: 1) To reset the generic timer, turn the large right knob to highlight the time field. Press the CLR Key, followed by the ENT Key. Select ‘Flight Timers’ from the Utility Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the reset mode field, under ‘Total Trip Time’ (Figure 822).
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Utility Page: Trip Statistics Utility Page: RAIM Prediction Resetting trip statistics readouts: Predicting RAIM availability: 1) Select ‘Trip Statistics’ from the Utility Page , using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 1) Select ‘RAIM Prediction’ from the Utility Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES 5) The flashing cursor moves to ‘Compute RAIM?’ (Figure 8-24). Press the ENT Key to begin RAIM prediction. Once calculations are complete, the GPS 500 displays one of the following in the RAIM status field: Utility Page: Software Versions The Software Versions Page (Figure 8-25) displays software version information for each of the various subsystems contained within the GPS 500. This page is for information purposes only—no user functions are available from this page.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Utility Page: Terrain Database Versions 8.4 Setup Page The Terrain Database Versions Page (Figure 8-27) displays the current version and area of coverage of each terrain and obstacle database. This page is for information purposes only—no user functions are available from this page.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Selecting a menu option from the Setup Page: 1) Press the small right knob momentarily, to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired menu option, and press the ENT Key (Figure 8-29). During approach operations the CDI scale gradually ramps down even further, to 0.3 nm. This transition normally occurs within 2.0 nm of the final approach fix (FAF). If a lower CDI scale setting is selected (i.e., 1.0 nm or 0.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES CDI Scale/Flight Phase: Auto (oceanic) RAIM Protection: 4.0 nm ±5.0 nm or Auto (enroute) 2.0 nm 1.0 nm 0.3 nm ±1.0 nm or Auto (terminal) ±0.3 nm or Auto (approach) Table 8-2 CDI Scales An arrival alarm, provided on the CDI/Alarms Page, may be set to notify the pilot with a message when the aircraft has reached a user-defined distance to the final destination (the direct-to waypoint or the last waypoint in a flight plan). Once the aircraft has reached the set distance (up to 99.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES • ‘Nearest Airport Criteria’ - Defines the minimum runway length and surface type used when determining the nine nearest airports to display on the Nearest Airport Page. A minimum runway length and/or surface type may be entered to prevent airports with small runways, or runways that are not of appropriate surface, from being displayed. The default settings are ‘0 feet (or meters)’ for runway length and ‘any’ for runway surface type.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES 4) To change the altitude buffer, turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘Altitude Buffers’ field (Figure 8-32). Use the small and large right knobs to enter the desired buffer distance. Press the ENT Key when finished. Setup Page: CDI Scale/Alarms Changing the maximum CDI scale: 1) Select ‘CDI/Alarms’ from the Setup Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) The flashing cursor highlights the ‘Selected CDI’ field (Figure 8-33).
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Setting the arrival alarm and alarm distance: Setup Page: Units/Position Setting the magnetic variation: 1) Select ‘CDI/Alarms’ from the Setup Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 1) 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘On’/’Off’ field (directly below ‘Arrival Alarm’). Select ‘Units/Position’ from the Setup Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) 3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘On’ or ‘Off’, as desired.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Changing the units of measure: Changing the position format: 1) Select ‘Units/Position’ from the Setup Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 1) Select ‘Units/Position’ from the Setup Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired units of measure category (Figure 8-36). 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘Position Format’ field (Figure 8-37).
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Setup Page: Date/Time Displaying the map datum: 1) 2) Select ‘Units/Position’ from the Setup Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. The WGS 84 map datum is displayed (Figure 10-38), this field cannot be changed. Displaying local time or UTC: 1) Select ‘Date/Time’ from the Setup Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) The flashing cursor highlights the time format field.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Setup Page: Display Backlight Setting the local time: 1) 2) Select ‘Date/Time’ from the Setup Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. Turn the large right knob to highlight the time offset field (Figure 8-40). Changing the backlighting intensity: 1) Select ‘Display Backlight’ from the Setup Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) The flashing cursor highlights the backlight mode field.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES Setup Page: Nearest Airport Criteria Setting the minimum runway length and runway surface: 1) Select ‘Nearest Airport Criteria’ from the Setup Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) The flashing cursor highlights the runway surface field (Figure 8-42). Turn the small right knob to select the desired surface.
SECTION 8 AUX PAGES NOTE: The ‘Traffic’ selection in the Auxiliary Configuration Field is only available if the GPS 500 is configured for interface with a traffic information device (see Section 12). 3) Press the ENT Key to accept the data type. 4) If ‘Configurable Data Fields’ is selected, a second selection field appears. Turn the large right knob to highlight this second field, then turn the small right knob to display a list of available navigation data types (Table 8-3).
SECTION 9 VERTICAL NAVIGATION SECTION 9: VERTICAL NAVIGATION (VNAV) Displaying the Vertical Navigation Page: Press the VNAV key. The GPS 500’s Vertical Navigation Page (Figure 9-2) allows you to create a three-dimensional profile (Figure 9-1) which guides you from your present position and altitude to a final (target) altitude at a specified location. This is helpful when you’d like to descend to a certain altitude near an airport or climb to an altitude before reaching a route or direct-to waypoint.
SECTION 9 VERTICAL NAVIGATION Creating a vertical navigation profile: 1) Press the VNAV Key to display the Vertical Navigation Page. 2) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 3) With the TARGET ALTITUDE field highlighted (Figure 9-3), turn the small and large right knobs to select the target altitude, and press the ENT Key. 6) Turn the small right knob to select “Before” or “After” (Figure 9-4), and press the ENT Key.
SECTION 9 VERTICAL NAVIGATION With the profile set, the vertical speed required (VSR) is displayed on the Vertical Navigation Page. Expect the following to occur when using the vertical navigation feature: • At one minute prior to reaching the initial descent point, a message “Approaching VNAV Profile” (Figure 9-5) occurs. The descent (or climb) angle also locks to prevent changes in speed from altering the profile.
SECTION 9 VERTICAL NAVIGATION Vertical navigation messages can be turned on or off. (By default the messages are off.) Turning the messages off allows you to keep the profile settings you’ve entered previously, without having them generate messages when the feature isn’t needed. Restoring the factory default VNAV settings: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the Vertical Navigation Page Options menu (Figure 9-8).
SECTION 10 TERRAIN SECTION 10: TERRAIN NOTE: GPS 500 units may* display either a TERRAIN Page or a TAWS Page, (but not both) depending upon the installed hardware and configuration. * Some earlier units are not equipped to support the TERRAIN and/or TAWS functionality, so therefore will not have a TERRAIN or TAWS page available. 10.
SECTION 10 TERRAIN TERRAIN Alerting Baro-Corrected Altitude TERRAIN uses information provided from the GPS receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude. GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements. GPS altitude is converted to a mean sea level (MSL)-based altitude (GPS-MSL altitude) and is used to determine TERRAIN alerts.
SECTION 10 TERRAIN 10.2 TERRAIN Page NOTE: If an obstacle and the projected flight path of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically zooms in to the closest potential point of impact on the TERRAIN Page. See Section 2.5 for a complete description of the TERRAIN Page and its operation. TERRAIN Symbols The symbols and colors in Figure 10-1 and Table 10-1 are used to represent obstacles and potential impact points on the TERRAIN Page.
SECTION 10 TERRAIN 10.3 TERRAIN Alerts TERRAIN Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TERRAIN software algorithms. TERRAIN alerts typically employ either an ADVISORY or a CAUTION alert severity level, or both. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed. Annunciations appear in a dedicated field in the lower left corner of the display (Figure 10-2). Annunciations are color-coded according to Table 10-2.
SECTION 10 TERRAIN Table 10-2 shows the possible TERRAIN alert types with corresponding annunciations.
SECTION 10 TERRAIN Table 10-3 shows system status annunciations that may also be issued: TERRAIN Page Annunciation Alert Type Pop-Up Alert TERRAIN System Test Fail None TERRAIN Alerting is disabled None No GPS position or excessively degraded GPS signal None System Test in progress None System Test pass None None Table 10-3 Additional System Annunciations Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance The Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance (FLTA) alert is used by TERRAIN and is composed of: • Reduced Requi
SECTION 10 TERRAIN Premature Descent Alerting TERRAIN Inhibit A Premature Descent Alert (PDA) is issued when the system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the normal approach path to a runway (Figure 10-5). PDA alerting begins when the aircraft is within 15 nm of the destination airport. PDA alerting ends when the aircraft is either: TERRAIN also has an inhibit mode that deactivates the FLTA/PDA visual alerts.
SECTION 10 TERRAIN TERRAIN Not Available Alert TERRAIN requires a 3-D GPS navigation solution along with specific vertical accuracy minimums. Should the navigation solution become degraded or if the aircraft is out of the database coverage area, the annunciation ‘TER N/A’ is generated in the annunciation window and ‘TERRAIN NOT AVAILABLE’ is generated on the TERRAIN Page (Figure 10-8).
SECTION 10 TERRAIN 10.4 Database Information for TERRAIN General Database Information Garmin TERRAIN uses terrain and obstacle information supplied by government sources. The data undergoes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content, per TSO-C151b. However, the displayed information should never be understood as being allinclusive. Pilots must familiarize themselves with the appropriate sectional charts for safe flight.
SECTION 10 TERRAIN Database Updates Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage Terrain/obstacle databases are updated periodically with the latest terrain and obstacle data. Visit the Garmin website to check for newer versions of terrain/obstacle databases (compare database cycle numbers to determine if a newer version is available). Updated terrain data cards may be obtained by calling Garmin at one of the numbers listed in the front of this document.
SECTION 11 TAWS SECTION 11: TAWS NOTE: GPS 500 units may* display either a TERRAIN Page or a TAWS Page, (but not both) depending upon the installed hardware and configuration. * Some earlier units are not equipped to support the TERRAIN and/or TAWS functionality, so therefore will not have a TERRAIN or TAWS page available. 11.1 INTRODUCTION TAWS (Terrain Awareness and Warning System) is a feature to increase situational awareness and aid in reducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
SECTION 11 TAWS TAWS utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude, TAWS displays a 2-D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the position and altitude of the aircraft. Furthermore, the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude are used to calculate and “predict” the aircraft’s flight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles.
SECTION 11 TAWS 11.2 TAWS Page NOTE: If an obstacle and the projected flight path of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically zooms in to the closest potential point of impact on the TAWS Page. See Section 2.6 for a complete description of the TAWS Page and its operation. TAWS Symbols The symbols and colors in Figure 11-1 and Table 11-1 are used to represent obstacles and potential impact points on the TAWS Page.
SECTION 11 TAWS 11.3 TAWS Alerts TAWS Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TAWS software algorithms. TAWS alerts typically employ either a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level, or both. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed. Aural alerts are simultaneously issued. Annunciations appear in a dedicated field in the lower left corner of the display (Figure 11-2). Annunciations are color-coded according to Table 11-2.
SECTION 11 TAWS Table 11-2 shows the possible TAWS alert types with corresponding annunciations and aural messages.
SECTION 11 TAWS Table 11-3 shows system status annunciations that may also be issued: TAWS Page Annunciation Alert Type Pop-Up Alert Aural Message TAWS System Test Fail None “TAWS System Failure” TAWS Alerting is disabled None None No GPS position or excessively degraded GPS signal None “TAWS Not Available” “TAWS Available” is generated when sufficient GPS signal is re-established.
SECTION 11 TAWS Premature Descent Alerting TAWS Inhibit A Premature Descent Alert (PDA) is issued when the system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the normal approach path to a runway (Figure 11-5). PDA alerting begins when the aircraft is within 15 nm of the destination airport. PDA alerting ends when the aircraft is either: TAWS also has an inhibit mode that deactivates the FLTA/PDA aural and visual alerts.
SECTION 11 TAWS Excessive Descent Rate Alert The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) alert is to provide suitable notification when the aircraft is determined to be closing (descending) upon terrain at an excessive speed. Figure 11-8 shows the parameters for the alert as defined by TSO-C151b.
SECTION 11 TAWS Negative Climb Rate After Takeoff Alert (NCR) The purpose of the Negative Climb Rate (NCR) After Takeoff alert (also referred to as “Altitude Loss After Takeoff”) is to provide suitable alerts to the pilot when the system determines that the aircraft is losing altitude (closing upon terrain) after takeoff. The aural message “Don’t Sink” is given for NCR alerts, accompanied by an annunciation and a pop-up terrain alert on the display.
SECTION 11 TAWS ‘Five-Hundred’ Aural Alert The purpose of the aural alert message “Five-Hundred” is to provide an advisory alert to the pilot that the aircraft is 500 feet above terrain. When the aircraft descends within 500 feet of terrain, the aural message “Five-Hundred” is generated. There are no display annunciations or pop-up alerts that accompany the aural message. TAWS Failure Alert TAWS continually monitors several system-critical items such as database validity, hardware status, and GPS status.
SECTION 11 TAWS 11.4 Database Information for TAWS General Database Information Garmin TAWS uses terrain and obstacle information supplied by government sources. The data undergoes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content, per TSO-C151b. However, the displayed information should never be understood as being all-inclusive. Pilots must familiarize themselves with the appropriate sectional charts for safe flight.
SECTION 11 TAWS Database Updates Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage Terrain/obstacle databases are updated periodically with the latest terrain and obstacle data. Visit the Garmin website to check for newer versions of terrain/obstacle databases (compare database cycle numbers to determine if a newer version is available). Updated terrain data cards may be obtained by calling Garmin at one of the numbers listed in the front of this document.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES SECTION 12: ADDITIONAL FEATURES CAUTION: The Weather Data Link and TIS information contained in this section is not intended to replace the documentation that is supplied with the GDL 49, the GDL 69(A) Data Link, and the GTX 330 Transponder. CAUTION: TIS is not intended to be used as a collision avoidance system and does not relieve pilot responsibility to ‘see and avoid’ other aircraft.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES TIS displays up to eight traffic targets within 7 nautical miles horizontally from 3000 feet below to 3500 feet above the requesting aircraft (Figure 12-1). 3,500 ft 7.0 nm 3,000 ft Not to Scale Figure 12-1 TIS Coverage Volume TIS Operational Procedures TIS warns the user with voice and visual traffic advisories when it predicts an intruder to be a threat. The user should not start evasive maneuvers using information from the GPS 500 display or on a traffic advisory only.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES comes between the transponder antenna (usually located on the underside of the aircraft) and the ground-based radar antenna, the signal may be temporarily interrupted. Other limitations and anomalies associated with TIS are described in the AIM, Section 1-3-5. TIS is unavailable at low altitudes in many areas of the U.S., particularly in mountainous regions.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES TIS Audio Alerting The TIS audio alert is generated when the number of Traffic Advisories (TA) on the 500 Series display increases from one scan to the next. Limiting TAs only reduces ‘nuisance’ alerting due to proximate aircraft. For example, when the first TAs appears on the TIS display, the user is alerted audibly. As long as a single aircraft remains on the TIS display, no further audio alert is generated.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Traffic Page Altitude Deviation Altitude Trend Figure 12-4 Altitude Trend and Deviation Traffic Type Description Traffic This symbol (solid yellow circle) is generated Advisory (TA) when an intruder aircraft approaches on a course that projects to intercept (defined by a 0.5 nm horizontal radius and a relative altitude of ± 500 ft) the pilot’s current course within 34 seconds.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES TIS Traffic Display Status and Pilot Response • AGE - If traffic data is not refreshed within 6 seconds, an age indicator (e.g., ‘AGE 00:12’) is displayed in the lower right corner of the display (when displaying traffic). See Figure 12-6. After another 6 seconds, if data is still not received, the traffic is removed from the display. The pilot should be aware that the quality of displayed traffic is reduced in this condition.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES • STANDBY - When the Traffic Page displays STANDBY (Figure 12-10), the TIS system is in standby mode and cannot display traffic data. • UNAVAIL - When a 60 second period elapses with no data, TIS is considered to be unavailable. This state is indicated by the text ‘UNAVAIL’ (Figure 12-12).
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Non-Bearing Traffic Advisory (TA) Banner Map Page Traffic is only displayed graphically if aircraft heading data is available. When heading is not available, Traffic Advisories are displayed as non-bearing banners. The banner shown in Figure 12-14 consists of (left to right): TIS traffic is displayed on the Map Page (Figure 12-15) in addition to the Traffic Page. When a Traffic Advisory is active, the Traffic Banner is displayed in the lower right corner of the Map Page.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Configuring TIS traffic on the Map Page: 1) Turn the small right knob to select the Map Page. 2) Press the MENU key. Turn the small right knob to select ‘Setup Map’? and press the ENT Key. 3) The flashing cursor highlights the GROUP field. Turn the small right knob to select ‘Traffic’ (Figure 12-16) and press the ENT Key. Figure 12-16 Map Setup Window 4) Turn the large right knob to select the desired Traffic Mode option.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Highlighting TIS Traffic Using Map Page Panning Another Map Page feature is panning, which allows the pilot to move the map beyond its current limits without adjusting the map scale. Press the small right knob to select the panning function, a target pointer flashes on the map display. A window appears at the top of the map display showing the latitude/longitude position of the pointer, plus the bearing and distance to the pointer from the present position.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Manual Override Flight Procedures The user can manually switch between standby (STBY) and operating (OPER) mode of operation to manually override automatic operation. Once the aircraft is airborne (determined by system configuration at the time of installation) the system switches from standby mode to operating mode. The 500 Series unit displays OPER in the upper right hand corner of the display and begins to display traffic on the Traffic or Map Page.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES 12.2 GTS 8XX Traffic Systems System Description Introduction All information in this section pertains to the display and control of the Garmin GPS 500/GTS 8XX interface, refer to the 400/500 Series Display Interfaces Pilot’s Guide Addendum (190-00140-10) when interfacing with non-Garmin products WARNING: The GTS 8XX interface is intended for advisory use only to aid the pilot in visually acquiring traffic.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pilots should be aware of TAS/TCAS system limitations. If an intruder transponder does not respond to interrogations due to antenna shading or marginal transponder performance, it will not be displayed, or display may be intermittent. Pilots should remain vigilant for traffic at all times when using TAS/TCAS systems for non-transponder equipped airplanes or unresponsive airplanes.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Aural Alerts A TA consists of a displayed traffic symbol (solid yellow circle) and an aural alert. The aural alert announces “traffic”, followed by the intruder aircraft’s position, altitude relative to own aircraft (“high”, “low”, or “same altitude”), and distance from own aircraft; e.g. “traffic, 12 o’clock, high, 3 miles”. Self-Test The GTS 8XX automatically performs a self-test upon power up.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Switching Between Standby and Operating Modes The unit must be in operating mode for traffic to be displayed. The ability to switch out of standby into operating mode on the ground is especially useful for scanning the airspace around the airport before takeoff. Operating Mode is confirmed by the display of ‘OPER’ in the upper righthand corner of the Traffic Page (Figure 12-22).
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Altitude Display Mode Note: Confirmation is not required, the mode is changed immediately when using the small right knob. The GTS 8XX has four altitude display modes (Figure 12-23); Normal (±2,700 ft), Above (-2,700 ft to +9,000 ft), Below (-9,000 ft to +2,700 ft), and Unrestricted (±9,900 ft). The GTS 8XX continues to display up to 30 intruder aircraft within its maximum surveillance range, regardless of the altitude display mode selected.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Traffic Warning Window Configuring Traffic Data on the Map Page When the unit is not on the traffic page and the GTS issues a Traffic Advisory, the Traffic Warning Window (Figure 12-25) is displayed, which shows a small thumbnail map. When the Traffic Warning Window is displayed, press the ENT Key to display the Traffic Page, or press the CLR Key to return to the previous page. Traffic is only displayed on the Map Page if aircraft heading data is available.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES 10) Return to the Map Page by pressing the CLR Key. Thumbnail Traffic on Map Page Traffic in a thumbnail format can be displayed in any of the three data fields on the right side of the Map Page (Figure 12-28). Displaying Thumbnail Traffic on the Map Page 1) Turn the small right knob to select the Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu. 3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Change Fields?’. 4) Press the ENT Key.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES 12.3 Weather Data Link Interface This section is written for: • Garmin 500 Series Main System Software Version 6.01 and later • GDL 49 Main Software Version 2.03 and later • GDL 69/69A Main Software Version 2.14 and later Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Weather Products NEXRAD Limitations The following weather products are available for display on the 500 Series unit via the Weather Data Link interface: • NEXRAD Data • Graphical METAR Data • Text-based METAR Data • Graphical Temperature/Dewpoint Data • Graphical Wind Data NEXRAD Description WSR-88D weather surveillance radar or NEXRAD (NEXt generation RADar) is a Doppler radar system that has greatly improved the detection of meteorological events such as thunderstorms, t
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES NEXRAD Intensity Colors are used to identify the different NEXRAD echo intensities (reflectivity) measured in dBZ (decibels of Z). Reflectivity (designated by the letter Z) is the amount of transmitted power returned to the radar receiver. The dBZ values increase as returned signal strength increases. Precipitation intensity is displayed on the 500 Series units using colors represented by the dBZ values listed in Table 12-6.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Requesting NEXRAD Data NEXRAD data can be requested from the Data Link Page or the Map Page. Requesting NEXRAD data from the Data Link Page: 1) Select the Data Link Page from the AUX Page Group. 2) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. ‘NexRad Request’ is highlighted (Figure 12-30). Figure 12-30 Data Link Page (GDL 49) 3) Press the ENT Key. The NEXRAD Request Page (see Figure 12-31) is displayed.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES • Auto Request (GDL 49 Only) - This field is used to set the time interval for the GDL 49 to automatically send a NEXRAD data request. The time options are OFF, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30 min, 45 min, and 1 hour. When an auto request time is selected, the first request is sent after the specified time has elapsed from when the field was set (as opposed to immediately sending a request). Requesting NEXRAD data from the Map Page: 1) Select the Map Page.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Displaying NEXRAD Data on the Weather Page To display NEXRAD Data on the Weather Page: 1) Select the NAV Weather Page (Figure 12-33) using the small and large right knobs. When the 500 Series unit is configured with the Data Link interface, the Weather Page is the third page in the NAV Page Group (it is the fourth page if a traffic sensor is also configured). Figure 12-33 NEXRAD Data on Weather Page 2) Press the small right knob. The upper left hand corner field flashes.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Displaying NEXRAD Data on the Map Page When NEXRAD data is received, it is displayed on the Map Page, in addition to the Weather Page and the Default NAV Page. Customizing NEXRAD Data on the Map Page The pilot can customize NEXRAD data on the Map Page by using the Page Menu. Customizing the Map Page: 1) Go to the Map Page in the NAV Page Group. 2) Press the MENU Key and select ‘Setup Map?’ from the page menu.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES The pilot may use the ‘NEXRAD Off?’ and ‘NEXRAD On?’ fields in the Page Menu (Figure 12-35) to turn off the display of NEXRAD data from the Map Page. Once the Airport Location Page is displayed, enter the identifier for the desired airport. Press the MENU Key.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Data Link Request Log Page (GDL 49 Only) Sending Position Reports (GDL 49 Only) The Data Link Request Log Page (Figure 12-38) is used to display the data that was requested. When a request is received, a check mark is placed in the box. The Data Link allows for accurate location tracking of the aircraft by sending the aircraft’s position manually or automatically to the EchoFlight website (www.EchoFlight. com) for use by third-party EchoFlight customers.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES • • Auto Request - This field is used to set the time interval for the system to automatically send the position. The time options are OFF, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30 min, 45 min, and 1 hr. When an auto request time is selected, the first report is sent after the specified time has elapsed from when the field was set (as opposed to immediately sending a report).
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES The METAR Request Page has the following userselectable fields: • Format - This field is used to select between requesting the raw METAR text (Textual) or requesting a graphical summary (Graphic) of several METARS. NOTE: Textual METARS can only be requested by identifier or by flight plan (if the flight plan contains a METAR station identifier). • Center - This field allows the pilot to specify reference points for the request.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Requesting graphical or textual METARS from the Map Page: Displaying graphical METARS on the NAV Weather Page 1) Select the Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. The Map Page Options Menu is displayed (Figure 12-43). Once received, graphical METAR data is displayed on the NAV Weather Page. Displaying graphical METARS on the NAV Weather Page: 1) Select the NAV Weather Page. 2) Press the small right knob. The upper left hand corner field flashes.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Weather Legend Page The symbology unique to Graphical METAR, Winds, and Temperature/Dewpoint data is displayed on the Weather Legend Page. The Weather Legend is accessed from the Weather Page. NOTE: All METAR, Wind, and Temp-Dewpoint symbols are depicted at the end of this section.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the METARS Text Page: 1) Select the Data Link Page. 2) Select ‘Textual Metar’. 3) Press the ENT Key. The Textual METAR Page (Figure 12-45) is displayed for the airport selected. The pilot can enter a different identifier on the Textual METAR Page. Displaying Wind Data Displaying wind data on the NAV Weather Page: 1) Select the NAV Weather Page. 2) Press the small right knob. The upper left hand corner field flashes.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Troubleshooting Monitoring the Data Link Although it is the responsibility of the facility that installed the GDL 49 or GDL 69/69A to correct any hardware problems, the pilot can perform some quick troubleshooting steps to find the possible cause of a failure. First, ensure that the owner/operator of the aircraft in which the GDL 49 or GDL 69/69A is installed has subscribed to Echo Flight or XM Satellite Radio for a Service Plan, and verify that it has been activated.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES SAT ID/CONNECTIVITY FIELD MESSAGE ‘_ _ _’ ‘Data Link has failed’ ‘Linked to sat’ ‘Satellite in view’ ‘Searching...’ DESCRIPTION RS-232 communication with the GDL 49 has been lost. There is a disconnect inside the GDL 49. Can exchange data with the satellite. Found satellite but have not yet identified it. No satellite is currently in view.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Table 12-11 lists the messages that may be shown in the Sat Connectivity field. MESSAGE ‘Satellite in view’ ‘Searching...’ CONNECTIVITY FIELD DESCRIPTION Indicates a signal quality between 1 and 3. No satellite is currently in view, signal quality is ‘0’. Table 12-11 Connectivity Field • SATCOM Operation - This field always indicates ‘Idle’ for the GDL 69/69A. • SATCOM SER NUM - The first eight characters of this field indicate the satellite radio ID number.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES METAR Graphics Ceiling and Visibility - Flight Rules The age symbols listed in Table 12-13 are common to METARs, Winds, and Temperature/Dewpoint graphics: METAR, Winds, and Temperature/Dewpoints Age Graphics VFR Marginal VFR IFR Low IFR Table 12-15 Ceiling and Visibility Graphics 0 - 10 11 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 60 61+ Unknown minutes minutes minutes minutes minutes (Yellow) (Green) (Green) (Green) (Green) (Yellow) The symbol in Figure 12-47 indicates the ceiling at KMWM
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Winds Wind Vector - The wind vector indicates the direction of the surface wind to the nearest 30˚ increment (e.g. 30˚, 60˚, 90˚, 120˚, etc.). Wind Speed - In general, the sum of the wind barbs (see Table 12-16) is the sustained surface wind speed. Wind Speed (Blank) Short Barb Long Barb Unknown 5 kts 10 kts ≥ 37 kts To interpret wind speed, add the values of each of the wind speed barbs.
SECTION 12 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Temperature - Dewpoints The Temperature-Dewpoint Range symbols (Table 12-18) display the difference between the reported temperature and dewpoint. Differences are shown in degrees Fahrenheit. Temp - Dewpoint Display Ranges (Blank) Unknown 11°+ (Green) 7° - 10° (Green) 0° - 6° (Yellow) Table 12-18 Temp-Dewpoint Ranges This symbol in Figure 12-49 displays the difference between the reported temperature and dewpoint as 6-10 degrees Fahrenheit at KSPW.
SECTION 13 – FAULT DETECTION AND EXCLUSION SECTION 13: FAULT DETECTION and EXCLUSION NOTE: This section is intended for pilots experienced with the operation of the GPS 500 and are familiar with RAIM. For more information regarding RAIM, see sections 8.3 and 8.4 of this manual. FDE is an acronym that stands for Fault Detection and Exclusion. FDE was incorporated in the Garmin GPS 500 Main and GPS Software version 3.00 and higher.
SECTION 13 – FAULT DETECTION AND EXCLUSION 13.2 Pre-Departure Verification of FDE Since FDE is based upon the exclusion of ‘bad’ satellites, it is necessary to ensure there will be an adequate number of satellites in the GPS constellation that are still able to provide a navigation solution. An FDE prediction must be performed prior to departure for a flight involving: • Oceanic/Remote operation where GPS is to be the sole source of navigation per FAA Notice 8110.60 • U.S.
SECTION 14 – MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS SECTION 14: MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, and NAV TERMS 14.1 Messages The GPS 500 uses a flashing ‘MSG’ annunciator at the bottom of the screen (directly above the MSG Key) to alert the pilot of any important information or warnings. While most messages are advisory in nature, warning messages may require pilot intervention. When the ‘MSG’ annunciator flashes, press the MSG Key to display the message. Press the MSG Key again to return to the previous page.
SECTION 14 – MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS Cannot navigate locked FPL - The pilot has attempted to navigate a flight plan (FPL) with one or more locked waypoints. A waypoint can be ‘locked’ when the NavData card is replaced and the waypoint(s) does not exist in the new database. Can’t change an active waypoint - An attempt has been made to modify the position of the active ‘to’ or ‘from’ waypoint.
SECTION 14 – MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS Display backlight failure - The 500 Series unit has detected a failure in the display backlighting. The unit should be taken to your Garmin dealer for service. FPL waypoint was deleted - At least one flight plan (FPL) waypoint is no longer available when a new NavData card was installed (database change). Do not use for navigation - The 500 Series unit is in Demo Mode and must not be used for actual navigation.
SECTION 14 – MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS Invalid FPL modification - An attempt was made to modify the final course segment (FAF to MAP) of an instrument approach. The GPS 500 does not allow the modifications. Invalid waypoint ident - An attempt was made to create a user waypoint with an invalid name. The GPS 500 does not allow spaces between characters in the waypoint name. MAIN processor requires service - The GPS 500 has detected a failure in the main system processor.
SECTION 14 – MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS OBS key stuck - The OBS Key is stuck in the enabled (or pressed) state. Try pressing the OBS Key again to cycle its operation. If the message persists, contact a Garmin dealer for assistance. Poor GPS coverage - The GPS receiver cannot acquire a sufficient number of satellites to compute a position and provide navigation. Power down and re-initialize - The GPS 500 cannot calculate a position due to abnormal satellite conditions.
SECTION 14 – MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS Set course to [###]° - The course select for the external CDI (or HSI) should be set to the specified course. The message only occurs when the current selected course is greater than 10° different from the desired track.
SECTION 14 – MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS 14.
SECTION 14 – MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS G/S Glideslope Lrg Large gl Gallons lt Liters GPS Global Positioning System GS Ground Speed °M Degrees Magnetic m Meters HDG Heading mb Millibars of Pressure hg Inches of Mercury Med Medium HUL Horizontal Uncertainty Level MHz Megahertz HWY Highway mi Statute Miles MOA Military Operations Area ID Identifier mph Statute Miles Per Hour ig Imperial Gallons mpm Meters Per Minute ILS Inst
SECTION 14 – MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS P.
SECTION 14 – MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS 14.3 Navigation Terms The following navigation terms are used on the GPS 500 and in this Pilot’s Guide. Refer to Figures 14-1 and 14-2 for graphic representation of navigation terms. NORTH CTS (course to steer) - The recommended direction to steer in order to reduce course error or stay on course. Provides the most efficient heading to get back to the desired course and proceed along the flight plan.
SECTION 14 – MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS ETA (estimated time of arrival) - The estimated time at which the aircraft will reach the destination waypoint, based upon current speed and track. ETE (estimated time enroute) - The time it will take to reach the destination waypoint, from present position, based upon current ground speed. FF (fuel flow) - The fuel flow rate, expressed in fuel units per time (e.g., gallons per hour).
SECTION 14 – MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS Blank Page 14-12 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev.
APPENDIX A DATA CARD USE Appendix A: Data Card Use The Jeppesen NavData card, and the Terrain Data Card (if applicable) supplied with the GPS 500 can be installed or removed when the GPS 500 is on or off. If the NavData card is not present when the unit is turned on, a ‘No Jeppesen Aviation Database - Limited to user defined waypoints’ message appears on the Database Confirmation Page.
APPENDIX A DATA CARD USE To remove the NavData or Terrain data card (Figure A-2): 1) Gently press on the tab—using a slight rightward motion—at the front center of the data card. This partially deploys the swing arm handle. Press here to deploy handle Figure A-3 Swing Arm Handle Operation A-2 2) Rotate the swing arm handle outward until it locks into place, perpendicular to the face of the GPS 500 unit.
APPENDIX B SPECIFICATIONS Appendix B: Specifications PHYSICAL Unit Size: 6.25’W x 11.00’D x 4.60’H (159 mm x 279 mm x 117 mm) Unit Weight: 8.5 pounds installed (3.
APPENDIX B SPECIFICATIONS Blank Page B-2 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev.
APPENDIX C TROUBLESHOOTING Appendix C: Troubleshooting Q&A This section is designed to answer some of the common questions regarding the GPS 500’s capabilities and operation. If there is a problem operating the unit, read through this appendix and refer to the reference section noted. If the answer to a particular question is not covered here, use the index to find the appropriate section elsewhere in this manual.
APPENDIX C TROUBLESHOOTING What happens when I select an approach? Can I store a flight plan with an approach, departure, or arrival? When loading an approach, departure, or arrival into the active flight plan, a set of approach, departure, or arrival waypoints is inserted into the flight plan—along with a header line describing the selected instrument procedure (Figure C-2).
APPENDIX C TROUBLESHOOTING NORMAL (no ‘OBS’ annunciator) Automatic sequencing of waypoints Change in HSI does not affect CDI deflection Always navigates ‘TO’ the active waypoint Must be in this mode for final approach course OBS Manual sequencing- ‘holds’ on selected waypoint Manually select course to next waypoint from HSI Indicates ‘TO’ or ‘FROM’ waypoint Cannot be set for final approach course or published holding patterns When OBS mode is active, the GPS 500 allows the pilot to select the desired cour
APPENDIX C TROUBLESHOOTING When should I use the OBS key to return to auto sequencing, and what happens when I do? How do I skip a waypoint in an approach, departure or arrival? The most common application for using the OBS Key is the missed approach. The GPS 500 suspends automatic waypoint sequencing (indicated by a ‘SUSP’ annunciation directly above the OBS Key; see Figure C-4) when the aircraft crosses the missed approach point (MAP).
APPENDIX C TROUBLESHOOTING When does turn anticipation begin, and what bank angle is expected? When does the CDI scale change, and what does it change to? The GPS 500 smooths adjacent leg transitions based upon a nominal 15º bank angle (with the ability to roll up to 25º) and provide three pilot cues for turn anticipation: The GPS 500 begins a smooth CDI scale transition from the 5.0 nm (enroute/oceanic mode) to the 1.0 nm (terminal mode) scale 30 nm from the destination airport (Figure C-7).
APPENDIX C TROUBLESHOOTING Why does my CDI not respond like a VOR when OBS mode is active? Unlike a VOR, the CDI scale used on GPS equipment is based on the cross-track distance to the desired course, not an angular relationship to the destination (Figure C-8). Therefore, the CDI deflection on the GPS is constant regardless of the distance to the destination, and does not become less sensitive when further away from the destination. For more information on the CDI scale, see Section 8.4.
INDEX A Abbreviations 6-5, 6-7, 6-9, 6-16, 6-17, 6-18, 14-7 Accessories 1-1 Activate Leg 4-10, 4-15, C-4 Activate the approach 5-4, 5-10, 5-18, C-6 Activating Flight Plans 4-4 Active Flight Plan Options 4-8, 4-10–4-13 Active leg 1-11, 2-3, 4-9, 5-7, 5-8, 5-11, 5-12, 5-16, 5-18, 5-21, 5-25, C-4 Airport Approach Page 6-5, 6-7, 6-10, 6-11, 6-12, C-1 Airport Location Page 6-2, 6-4, 7-4 Airport Runway Page 6-6 Airport Type 6-5, 6-7–6-10, 6-12, 6-14 Airspace alert messages 1-16, 7-11, 8-22 Airspace information 1-
INDEX E I ENT Key 1-3 EPE 2-23, 2-24, 13-1, 14-7, 14-10 ETA (estimated time of arrival) 2-4, 4-10, 8-3, 8-6, 14-7, 14-11 ETE (estimated time enroute) 1-11, 2-4, 4-10, 8-3, 8-6 14-7, 14-11 IFR Procedures 1-13 Insert the NavData card A-1 Instrument Panel Self-Test Page 1-6 INTEG annunciator C-1 Intersections 1-9, 1-14, 6-1, 7-1, 7-2, 7-5 Inverting Flight Plans 4-4 IOI (imminent obstacle impact) 10-5, 11-5 ITI (imminent terrain impact) 10-5 F FDE 1-8, 13-1, 13-2, 14-7 Field Elevation 1-3–6, 6-4 Flight phas
INDEX Messages 1-3, 1-16, 2-23, 7-11, 8-3, 8-7, 8-8, 8-21, 8-22, 14-1 Message Page 1-8, 1-16 METAR 12-19, 12-36 Missed approach 3-1, 5-3, 5-8–5-13, 5-16, 5-20–5-25, 14-5, C-1, C-4, C-5, C-6 Mode S 12-1 MSA (minimum safe altitude) 2-4, 14-8, 14-11 MSG Key 1-3 N NAVAID iv, 2-10, 14-8 NAV/COM page 1-9, 1-12, 1-14, 2-21, 2-22, 5-5 NavData Card 1-5, 1-13, A-1, A-2 Navigation terms 1-9, 1-11, 2-14, 14-10 NAV page group 1-4, 2-2 NDB 1-10, 1-14, 2-6, 5-3, 6-2, 6-5, 6-16–6-19, 6-21, 7-3, 7-5, 14-8 Nearest (NRST) Pa
INDEX Signal strength 1-7, 2-23 Sky view 2-23 Small right knob 1-3 Software/database version 8-10 Sort List 4-7, 8-14 Specifications B-1 Squelch 14-9 STARs 1-13, 13-2 SUSP 5-8, 5-11, 5-13, 5-16, 5-20–5-25, 14-1, C-3, C-4 Symbols 2-3, 2-6, 2-17, 2-20, 6-16, 6-17 T Target pointer 2-8, 2-9, 6-20 TAS (Traffic Advisory Systems) 12-12 TAWS 10-6, 11-5 TAWS Page 2-15 TCAS 12-1, 12-12 Temp-Dew Point Ranges 12-38 TERMS 14-1 TERRAIN 1-9, 2-15–2-20, 10-1, 10-5, 10-7, 11-1, 11-7 TERRAIN Page 1-9, 2-15–2-19, 10-7, 11-7
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