mc-22s.
Contents General notes Safety notes ............................................................... 3 Foreword.................................................................... 6 mc-22s Computer-System ......................................... 7 Operating notes ....................................................... 10 Description of transmitter......................................... 18 Using the transmitter for the first time ...................... 21 Selecting a channel ...............................
Safety notes We all want you to have many hours of pleasure in our mutual hobby of modelling, and safety is an important aspect of this. It is absolutely essential that you read right through these instructions and take careful note of all our safety recommendations. If you are a beginner to the world of radio-controlled model aircraft, boats and cars, we strongly advise that you seek out an experienced modeller in your field and ask him for help and advice.
Safety notes Installing control linkages The basic rule is that all linkages should be installed in such a way that the pushrods move accurately, smoothly and freely. It is particularly important that all servo output arms can move to their full extent without fouling or rubbing on anything, or being obstructed mechanically at any point in their travel. It is important that you can stop your motor at any time.
months – and check that they still have adequate capacity for their purpose. Use only genuine GRAUPNER rechargeable batteries! Suppressing electric motors All conventional electric motors produce sparks between commutator and brushes, to a greater or lesser extent depending on the motor type; the sparking generates serious interference to the radio control system. In electric-powered models every motor must therefore be effectively suppressed.
mc-22s – a new generation of radio control technology The proven mc-22s is now being produced in a new version under the designation mc-22s, featuring a PLL Synthesizer RF module as standard. The hardware has also been modified in several respects. For example, “non-volatile memory” is now used to store model data, eliminating the need for a Lithium backup battery if the main battery should be discharged.
mc-22s Expandable radio control system for up to 10 control functions (PPM24: 12 functions) • • • • • • • • • • • Professional high-technology micro-computer radio control system. Ultra-speed low-power singlechip micro-computer with 256 kByte (2 Mbit) flash memory, with 16 kByte (128 kbit) RAM, 73 ns command cycle! With integral high-speed precision A/D converter and proven, highly practical dual-function rotary encoder and 3D rotary select programming technology.
mc-22s Expandable radio control system for up to 10 control functions (PPM24: 12 functions) • • • • • • 8 PPM24 PPM multi-servo transmission mode for simultaneous operation of up to twelve servos. For the DS 24 FM S receiver PCM 20 PCM with system resolution of 512 steps per control function. For mc-12, mc-20, DS 20 mc receivers. SPCM 20 Super PCM modulation with high system resolution of 1024 steps per control function.
mc-22s Micro-computer Radio Control System Radio control sets: Order No. 4737 Order No. 4738 Transmitters alone: Order No. 4737.77 Order No. 4738.77 * Specification - mc-22s computer system 35 / 35B MHz band 40 / 41* MHz band 35 / 35B MHz band 40 / 41* MHz band 41 MHz approved for use in France only Set contents: mc-22s micro-computer transmitter with factory-fitted NiMH transmitter battery, can be expanded from six to max. ten proportional control functions.
Operating notes Opening the transmitter case Power supply Charging the transmitter battery Before opening the transmitter, please check that it is switched off (move Power switch to “OFF”). Slide both latches inwards as far as they will go, in the opposite direction to the arrows, until the case back can be folded open and disengaged. To close the transmitter, engage the bottom edge of the case back, fold the panel up again and slide both latches outwards in the direction of the arrows.
Polarity of the mc-22s charge socket Commercially available battery charge leads produced by other manufacturers are often made up with reversed polarity. For this reason use genuine GRAUPNER charge leads exclusively. Charging the transmitter battery using a standard charger The integral transmitter charge socket is fitted with a safety circuit which prevents reverse current flow.
Operating notes Charging the receiver battery A wide variety of rechargeable 4.8 V NC and NiMH batteries is available, varying in capacity. For safety reasons always use ready-made battery packs from the GRAUPNER range; never use dry cells. There is no direct method of checking receiver battery voltage when operating a model. For this reason it is important to make it a standard part of your routine to check the state of your batteries at regular intervals.
Adjusting stick length Changing the stick mode Both sticks are infinitely variable in length over a broad range, enabling you to set them to suit your personal preference to provide fine, accurate control. Loosen the retaining screw using a 2 mm allen key, then screw the stick top in or out to shorten or extend it. Tighten the grubscrew again carefully to lock the set length.
Operating notes Stick centring force Changing frequency bands and channels The tension of the stick unit centring springs can be adjusted to suit your personal preference: the adjustment system is located adjacent to the centring spring. Rotate the adjustor screw with a cross-point screwdriver to set your preferred spring force: • Turn to the right (clockwise) = spring force harder; • Turn to the left (anti-clockwise) = spring force softer.
Re-positioning the telescopic aerial Installing the transmitter support bars Screw the ten-section telescopic aerial into the balland-socket base. The angle of inclination of the aerial can be adjusted mechanically as follows: loosen the cross-point screw to the side of the socket, swivel the aerial to your preferred angle, then carefully tighten the screw again. The transmitter can be fitted with the optional transmitter support system, Order No. 1127.
Operating notes Secure the module using the nuts and rotary knobs which you previously removed from the potentiometers and switches. Screw the nuts onto the shafts on the outside of the transmitter and tighten them carefully using a suitable box spanner. Socket assignment on the transmitter circuit board We recommend the use of the special box spanner, Order No. 5733, for tightening the decorative nuts which retain the external switches.
DSC socket Environmental protection notes Direct Servo Control The original function of this socket was for “Direct Servo Control”, and that’s why the abbreviation is still in use. However, it is now much more versatile than simply providing a means of controlling servos by cable. The DSC socket can now be used as an alternative to the Teacher socket (see pages 115 and 162), also as an interface for flight simulators. For the DSC connection to work you must check the following: 1.
Description of transmitter Ball / socket aerial base Storage well on back panel Option well for PC interface, Order No. 4182 ON / OFF switch Option wells Locations for external switches, switch modules, rotary modules, NAUTIC modules; see Appendix. Switches and function modules • 3 external switches as standard • 2 sliders as standard Digital trims For fine adjustment of servo (neutral) position. A brief push produces a single increment of offset (increment size variable in »Base setup model« menu).
Note: Whenever you intend to work on the interior of the transmitter, remember to disconnect the transmitter battery from the power socket. Take great care not to touch soldered joints with any metallic object, as this could cause a shortcircuit. Synthesizer RF module: The channel is selected in the software when you switch the transmitter; see page 22.
Description of LCD screen ENTER (Input button): Switch to multi-function list, call up a menu ESC (Escape button) Return step by step from any menu to the basic display CLEAR (Erase button) Resets altered values to default settings HELP (Help button) Provides a brief help message relating to any menu Superimposed warning messages*: 20 Description of LCD screen Thr too high! Batt must be recharged!! Fail Safe setup Trainer mode problem Throttle stick at full-throttle** Charge battery Only in PCM20 a
Using the system for the first time Preliminary notes, selecting the menu language Preliminary notes In its default state the mc-22s transmitter is programmed to the PPM18 transmission mode, which suits “FM-PPM” type receivers. If you have purchased a standard radio control set on the 35 or 40 MHz bands, you can immediately operate the supplied R16SCAN receiver using this transmission mode.
Using the transmitter for the first time Selecting a channel Switching the transmitter on / selecting a channel Every time you switch the transmitter on you must first confirm to the integral Synthesizer system that you wish to use the set frequency. This takes the form of a security query, intended to prevent you switching the system on accidentally while the transmitter is set to the wrong channel. The software asks you to confirm: “HF off / on”.
Using the receiver for the first time Receiving system Best.-Nr. 7052 LED LED SCAN SCAN PLL-Synthesizer-MICRO-SUPERHET Kanal 60-282/182-191 R 1 6 S C A N 8/Batt. Antenne FM ! # für das 35MHz/35MHz-B-Band Made in Malaysia 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 The mc-22s radio control set is supplied complete with a PLL-SCAN narrow-band FM superhet receiver on the 35 / 35B MHz band or the 40 / 41 MHz band. The following section describes how to set the receiver channel to match the transmitter’s channel.
Installation notes 24 Using the system for the first time Servo mounting Servo mounting lug Retaining screw Rubber grommet Brass tubular spacer Y-lead, Order No. 3936.11 or 3936.32 Switch harness Made in Malaysia If you are using the R16SCAN receiver, servo 8 is connected to the socket marked “8 / Batt.”, using a Y-lead Order No. 3936.11 or 3936.32, in parallel with the receiver battery. 4,8 V ! # C 577 FM Servo Receiver battery Rfür das1 35MHz/35MHz-B-Band 6 S C A N 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Best.
Note: red If you wish to use a receiver 1 battery and a speed controller with integral BEC* system, the 3 2 positive (red) wire must normally be disconnected from the 3-pin plug, although this does vary according to the type of controller. Please be sure to read the instructions supplied with your speed controller before you do this.
Definition of terms Control functions, transmitter controls, function inputs, control channels, mixers, external switches, control switches, fixed switches To make it easier for you to understand the mc-22s manual, the following two pages contain definitions of many terms which crop up again and again in the remainder of the text, together with a basic flow diagram showing the course of the signal from the transmitter control to the point at which it is radiated from the transmitter aerial.
Transmitter control switch Control function or three-position switch Two-position switch For switching mixers, autorotation, flight phases, … Control channel e.g. Optional * transmitter control 9 e.g. Optional * transmitter control 10 Some of the transmitter control inputs 5 … 12 are pre-assigned in the basic software programming.
Basic operation of the “3-D rotary control” Screen contrast adjustment, multi-function list, menu settings Rotary control functions Call up an input field: The basic method of using the rotary control has already been described on page 18. Here we show an example of using the rotary control in a practical application, to provide a better idea of its functionality. First switch the transmitter on. Set the transmission channel (see page 22), and you will move to the basic screen display.
Using the “Data Terminal” LCD screen Input buttons and function fields ENTER, ESC, CLEAR, HELP, SEL, STO, CLR, SYM, ASY, , E/A, , ENT The basic method of operating the software Function fields: Function field functions The transmitter is programmed using just four buttons situated to the left of the screen, in conjunction with the crucial element: the rotary control (“3D rotary control”).
Assigning external switches and control switches Basic procedure, meaning of the fixed switch “FX” At many points in the program there is the option of assigning a switch to a particular function, using an external switch or a control switch (see below), or using a switch to select one of two settings, e.g. curve settings, the DUAL RATE / EXPO function, flight phase programming, mixers etc.. In all situations the mc-22s allows you to assign several functions to one switch, if you wish.
5. To erase the control switch: Press the CLEAR button at the following display: Move desired switch to ON position (ext. switch: ENTER) The control switch must now be assigned to the control (transmitter control) you wish to use: 1 ... max. 10. You also have to define the switching point between ON and OFF or vice versa. Both points are carried out in the »Control switch« menu; see page 72.
Digital trims Description of function, and Ch1 cut-off trim Digital trims with visual and audible indicators 32 Digital trims Last Ch1 trim position Current trim position Ch1 trim lever ELLNAME 3T WATCH Idle direction Both the dual-axis stick units are fitted with digital trim systems. When you give the trim lever a brief push (one “click”), the neutral position of the stick channel changes by one increment, the size of which you can select.
Digital trims 33
Fixed-wing model aircraft This program provides straightforward, carefully tailored support for conventional models with up to two aileron servos and two flap servos, models with V-tail, flying wings and deltas with two elevon (aileron / elevator) servos and two flap servos. The vast majority of power models and gliders belong to the “normal” tail type with one servo each for elevator, rudder, ailerons and throttle (or electronic speed controller, or airbrakes on a glider).
Models with “2 Elev.Sv3+8” tail type: Y-lead, Order No. 3936.11 or 3936.32 The servos must be connected to the receiver outputs in the following order: Models with “normal” tail type: Y-lead, Order No. 3936.11 or 3936.32 Receiver battery Best.-Nr. 7052 izer-MICRO-SUPERHET Kanal 60-282/182-191 1 6 S C A N 8/Batt. Auxiliary function FM ! # as 35MHz/35MHz-B-Band Made in Malaysia 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Right flap servo Flap servo or left flap servo 1 6 S C A N 8/Batt.
Model helicopters The continued development of model helicopters and helicopter components, such as gyros, speed governors, rotor blades etc., has led to the current position where helicopters are capable of sophisticated 3D aerobatics. In contrast, the beginner to helicopter flying needs a simple set-up so that he can quickly get started on the initial stages of hovering practice, and then gradually work up to more complex models which exploit all the options provided by the mc-22s.
Receiver socket sequence The servos must be connected to the receiver output sockets in the following sequence: Y-lead, Order No. 3936.11 or 3936.32 Receiver battery izer-MICRO-SUPERHET Kanal 60-282/182-191 1 6 S C A N 8/Batt. (Speed governor) Best.-Nr.
Brief programming instructions for all fixed-wing and helicopter programs Menu Display Description of program expansions and operating notes Page Model memories • • Model select Selects a free or occupied model memory 1 ...
Menu Display Description of program expansions and operating notes Page interchange the outputs. Exception: Fail-Safe is always defined with reference to the receiver sockets. • Model type • Helicopter type Motor: Tail type „normal“ “V-tail” “Delta / flying wing” „2 Elev.
Brief programming instructions for all fixed-wing and helicopter programs Menu Display • Control adjust Description of program expansions and operating notes Page Assignment and de-coupling (display = “free”) of transmitter controls (rotary control, sliders, switch modules) 5 to 10. Inputs 5 ... 8 are programmable separately for each flight phase. External switches, control switches or the fixed switch “FX” can also be assigned if required.
Menu Display Description of program expansions and operating notes Page Switches • • Switch display When an external switch or control switch is operated, this displays the associated switch number and switch position. 72 • • Control switch Assign the control switches 1 ... 4 to the transmitter controls 1 ... 10. Pressing STO (press the rotary control) in column 3 stores the current control position as the switching point.
Brief programming instructions for all fixed-wing and helicopter programs Menu Display Description of program expansions and operating notes Page • • Undelayed channel The delay when a new flight phase is selected can be switched off for individual channels, separately for each flight phase. Examples: motor OFF with electric models, activating and disabling heading lock with gyro systems.
Menu Display Description of program expansions and operating notes Page non-linear five-point collective pitch curve, AR throttle position (-125% ... +125%) and tail rotor offset (AR), gyro suppression and swashplate rotation. • • Free mixers Select linear mixer 1 ... 4 or curve mixer 5 or 6 with the rotary control pressed in. Define mixer input (any control function) in “from / to” column; select “from” and output “to” using associated SEL function and rotary control.
Brief programming instructions for all fixed-wing and helicopter programs Menu Display • Swashplate mixer Description of program expansions and operating notes Page Mixer ratios for collective pitch, roll and pitch-axis are separately variable (-100% ... +100%), with the exception of helicopters with only one collective pitch servo. CLEAR resets changed values to 61%. 111 Important: Ensure that servos are not mechanically obstructed if you set large values.
Menu Display Description of program expansions and operating notes Page Note: the presets for “stick mode”, “modulation” and “collective pitch min.” are automatically adopted when you call up a model memory, but can then be changed separately for that memory in the »Base setup model« menu, if preferred. • • Servo display The servo outputs can be checked on-screen, taking into account all coupling and mixer functions etc.
Detailed description of programming Reserving a new memory If you have already read through to this point in the manual you will undoubtedly have already made your first attempt at programming the system. Even so, it is important to describe each menu here in detail, to ensure that you have comprehensive instructions for each application you are likely to encounter.
0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 Model select Copy / Erase Model select 1 … 30 Model copy and flight phase copy function C U M U L a s e r D V 2 0 M E G A V V V fr e V V V fr e L U S 9 7 e e K A T A N A S T A R S P P C P P S P C M M 2 M 1 C M 8 0 2 0 2 0 1 :2 2 :4 5 :2 8 :3 5 h 5 h 6 h 1 h V V V V V V The transmitter can store up to thirty complete sets of model settings, including the digital trim values set by the four trim levers.
“Erase model” 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 S e le c t m o C U M U L a s e r D V 2 0 M E G A V V V fr e e d e l to b e e r L U S 9 7 S P K A T A N A P S S T A R a s P C P P e d : C M 2 0 M 2 0 M 1 8 C M 2 0 1 :2 2 :4 5 :2 8 :3 5 h 5 h 6 h 1 h V V V Select the model to be erased using the rotary control. Pressing ESC returns you to the previous screen page.
Suppress Codes Suppressing Codes from the multi-function list “Back-up all models PC” -ODEL SELECT "ASE SETUP MODEL 3ERVO ADJUSTMENT $UAL 2ATE %XPO 3WITCH DISPLAY 3UPPRESS 4/' m u s t a ll m o d e ls b e s a v e d in a file o n P C ? N O Y E S In this case all occupied model memories are automatically transferred to the PC in sequence for backing-up, in contrast to the “Copy mc22 external” command.
Base setup model Basic model-specific settings left aileron left rudder elev. down idle left rudder full throttle left aileron left rudder left aileron left rudder idle pitch axis pitch axis throttle tail rotor throttle roll tail rotor throttle roll tail rotor roll tail rotor roll Motor/Pitch tail rotor »MODE 4« (Throttle at left stick) Motor Vollgas right rudder elev. up elev. up right aileron Base setup model »MODE 3« (Throttle at right stick) elev. down elev.
Note: If you operate all your models using the same stick mode and perhaps also with the same modulation, you should select these preset values in the global »Basic settings« menu (see page 117). These two presets are automatically transferred when you open a free model memory, but you can still change them to suit a particular model if you wish.
Model type Defining the fixed-wing model type M O D M o to r T a il ty p e A ile r o n /c a m b e r fla p s B ra k e O ffs e t t E L T Y P E N o n e N o rm a l 1 A IL + 1 0 0 % E n te r 1 S E L In this menu you define all the functions which apply to your model. Select the line, press the rotary control briefly, and select the required option: Motor „none“: The model is a glider, with no motor. Selecting this option disables the “Throttle too high” warning; see pages 20 and 46. „Thr.
Helicopter type Defining the helicopter model type S w a s R o to r P itc h E x p o t s h p la te ty p e d ir e c tio n m in . th r o ttle lim . H E L I T Y P E 1 S e le ft fo rw 0 S E rv o L % rd The mc-22s includes several programs for controlling the swashplate, differing in the number of servos which are used to provide collective pitch control.
Direction of rotation of main rotor Collective pitch min. In this line you enter the direction of rotation of the main rotor: „left“: viewed from above, the main rotor rotates anti-clockwise. „right“: viewed from above, the main rotor rotates clockwise. Pressing CLEAR switches to “left”. At this point you can set up the direction of operation of the throttle / collective pitch stick to suit your preference.
Program description: Base setup model 55
Servo adjustment Servo direction, centre, travel, limit S e S e S e S e rv rv rv rv t o 1 o 2 o 3 o 4 = > = > = > = > 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % R e v c e n t.
Column 5 “limit” In this column you can adjust servo travel symmetrically or asymmetrically (different each side of neutral). The adjustment range is 0 ... +150% of normal servo travel. The reference point for the set values is the setting in the “Centre” column. To set a “symmetrical” travel, i.e. to adjust travel equally on both sides of neutral, select SYM; select ASY to set asymmetrical travel.
Control adjust Settings for transmitter control inputs 5 to 12 E n E n E n E n te te te te t r 5 r 6 r 7 r 8 C n C n C n C n S E L tr tr tr tr 5 8 6 7 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % o ffs e t S E L + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 0 0 % 0 0 % 0 0 % 0 0 % -tra S Y + 1 0 + 1 0 + 1 0 + 1 0 v e l+ M A 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % S Y 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 - tim S Y M 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 0 .
menu! Column 3 “Offset” (The switch number refers to that shown in the »Switch display« menu; see page 72). As mentioned on page 27, the transmitter control itself can also be used as a switch, i.e. the input can be toggled to and fro between the two endpoints at a position of the transmitter control which you can define in the »Control switch« menu.
Control adjust Settings for transmitter control inputs 5 to 12 E n T h G y E n te ro ro te t r 5 t 6 7 r 8 C n fr fr C n S E L tr 5 e e e e tr 8 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % o ffs e t S E L + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -tr S % + 1 0 % + 1 0 % + 1 0 % + 1 0 a v e l+ Y M A 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 - tim S Y S Y M 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 0 .
to the centre and select the new switch symbol. Press the rotary control again briefly, then assign the other switch direction starting from the centre position once more. The screen now displays the switch number, with a switch symbol which indicates the direction of operation, e.g.: E n T h G y E n te r 5 ro t 6 ro 7 te r 8 t 8 7 fre i fre i C n tr 8 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % o ffs e t S E L + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 0 0 % 0 0 % 0 0 % 0 0 % -tra S Y + 1 0 + 1 0 + 1 0 + 1 0 v e l+ M A 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % S Y 0 .0 0 .
Control adjust Throttle limit function Throttle limit: input 12 (throttle limit and Ch1 trim, throttle limit and expo throttle limit) The meaning and application of “throttle limit” In contrast to fixed-wing model aircraft, the power of a model helicopter’s motor or engine is not controlled directly using the Ch1 stick, but indirectly via the throttle curve, which is set up in the »Helicopter mixer« menu.
The throttle limiter could cause an abrupt opening of the throttle, and to avoid this it is advisable to assign an asymmetrical time delay to the throttle limiter (input 12) when the control is moved to its forward end-point. This applies in particular if you wish to use an external switch or a switch module to control the throttle limiter.
Dual Rate / Expo Control characteristics for aileron, elevator and rudder A ile r o n E le v a to r R u d d e r t 1 0 1 0 1 0 D U A 0 % 0 % 0 % L S E L 0 % 0 % 0 % E X P 0 S E L The Dual Rate function provides a means of switching to reduced control travels for aileron, elevator and rudder (control functions 2 ... 4) in flight via an external switch; the D/R values can be set separately for different flight phases.
(CLEAR = 0%.) Examples of different Dual Rate values: Dual Rate = 50% Dual Rate = 100% -1 0 0 -1 2 5 -1 0 0 % 0 + 1 0 0 % Expo = -100% -1 0 0 -1 2 5 -1 0 0 % 0 + 1 0 0 % Stick deflection 0 A ile r o n E le v a to r R u d d e r Servo travel 0 -1 0 0 -1 2 5 -1 0 0 % Servo travel 0 Stick deflection Expo = +50% Expo = +100% Servo travel Servo travel 0 Dual Rate = 20% 1 2 5 1 0 0 % 1 2 5 1 0 0 % Servo travel Servo travel 1 2 5 1 0 0 % each side of neutral, e.g.
Dual Rate / Expo Control characteristics for roll, pitch-axis, tail rotor R o ll P itc h a x . T a il r o t. t 1 0 1 0 1 0 D U A 0 % 0 % 0 % L S E L 0 % 0 % 0 % E X P 0 S E L The Dual Rate function provides a means of switching to reduced control travels for the roll, pitch-axis and tail rotor servos (control functions 2 ... 4) in flight via an external switch; the D/R values can be set separately for different flight phases.
(CLEAR = 0%.) Examples of different Dual Rate values: Dual Rate = 50% Dual Rate = 100% -1 0 0 -1 2 5 -1 0 0 % 0 + 1 0 0 % Expo = -100% -1 0 0 -1 2 5 -1 0 0 % 0 + 1 0 0 % Stick deflection 0 Servo travel 0 -1 0 0 -1 2 5 -1 0 0 % Servo travel 0 Stick deflection Expo = +50% Expo = +100% Servo travel Servo travel 0 Dual Rate = 20% 1 2 5 1 0 0 % 1 2 5 1 0 0 % Servo travel Servo travel 1 2 5 1 0 0 % lumn.
Channel 1 curve Control characteristic for throttle / airbrakes Setting and erasing reference points You will find a vertical line in the graph, and you can shift this between the two end-points “L” and “H” by moving the relevant transmitter control (throttle / airbrake stick).
Rounding off the Channel 1 curve following example shows how to reverse a simple linear control curve: C U R V E In p u t O u tp u t P o in t 2 + + + 0 % 9 0 % 9 0 % In p u t O u tp u t P o in t ? - - 6 0 % 6 0 % 1 0 0 O U T P U T C U R V E 1 2 + 1 0 0 O U T P U T C u rv e o ff 1 C u rv e o ff 1 1 3 normal ® C h a n n e l C h a n n e l ® In the following example the reference points have been set as follows, as described in the last section: Reference point value 1 to +50%, Refe
Channel 1 curve Control characteristic for throttle / collective pitch curve Ch1 tail rotor + In the default state of the mc-22s transmitter this menu is initially suppressed. To activate it, move to the »Suppress codes« menu (see page 49). Alternatively, move to the »Basic settings« menu (see page 117) and select “yes” for the Expert mode; this must be carried out before you set up a new model memory.
Example: C U R V E In p u O u tp P o in « H o v e r t u t t 2 + + + 0 % 9 0 % 9 0 % - In p u O u tp P o in « H o v e r C U R V E t » t u t 2 + + + 0 % 9 0 % 9 0 % 1 0 0 2 1 3 + Note: The curves shown here are only for demonstration purposes, and by no means represent realistic throttle / collective pitch curves. 3 1 » C u rv e o n 1 1 0 0 2 O U T P U T C u rv e o ff 1 ® C h a n n e l C h a n n e l O U T P U T Move the stick to the reference point “L (low), 1 ...
Switch display Control switch Switch settings Assigning control switches S w itc h C o n trl S w itc h 1 G 1 2 3 4 G 2 G 3 G 4 5 6 7 8 Note: The numbering 1 to 8 of the external switches shown here equates to the numbers 0 to 7 on the transmitter circuit board. However, the switch numbers are of no importance for programming.
Assigning a transmitter control to a control switch Select one of the control switches 1 to 4 and assign it to one of the transmitter controls 1 to 10 using the rotary control. For example, you may wish to assign the control switch “G1” to “Control 6”. (Pressing CLEAR resets it to “free”). Additional fields now appear at the bottom edge of the screen.
Example: The control switch “G1” has been assigned to control function 1 (= transmitter control 1). The switching point is located, say, at its centrepoint, i.e. at 0%. You could now assign the transmitter control “G2” to a slider, which (for example) has been assigned to “Input 7” in the »Control adjust« menu, and the switching point of this control might be at +50%.
Auxiliary switch Switches: Auto-rotation, Auto-rot. Ch1 position A u to r o ta tio n A u to r o ta tio n C 1 P o s . 0 % t Within a given model memory the mc-22s software enables you to program a total of four independent settings for each model helicopter, in order to cope with the different stages of a flight; these include the auto-rotation flight phase which is covered by this menu. The three other flight phase switches can be defined in the »Phase setting« and »Phase assignment« menus.
How do I program a flight phase? The meaning of flight phase programming General notes on flight phase programming Often there are particular stages in a flight where you always need to use particular settings: perhaps different flap settings for launch and landing with a fixedwing aircraft, or different collective pitch and throttle settings for hover and auto-rotation with a helicopter.
Program description: Flight phases 77
Phase setting Setting up flight phases P h P h P h P h a s a s a s a s t e e e e 1 2 3 4 N a m e S E L 0 .0 s 0 .0 s 0 .0 s 0 .0 s S w itc h tim e S E L V - - s ta tu s In the default state of the mc-22s transmitter this menu is initially suppressed. To activate it, move to the »Suppress codes« menu (see page 49), or set this menu point to “yes” in the »Basic settings« menu (see page 117) before you set up a new model memory.
Phase setting Setting up flight phases A u P h P h P h to ro t a s e 1 a s e 2 a s e 3 A u to ro t N a m e t 0 .0 s 0 .0 s 0 .0 s 0 .0 s S w itc h tim e S E L V time. The phase name is included in all phase-specific menus (see list on page 76) and is also shown in the basic display.
Phase assignment Setting up flight phases P H A S p r io r A E A S S I G N M c o m b i C D B < 1 from auto-rotation – directly into the phase which is assigned to this switch. E N T S E L > In the default state of the mc-22s transmitter this menu is initially suppressed. To activate it, move to the »Suppress codes« menu (see page 49), or set this menu point to “yes” in the »Basic settings« menu (see page 117) before you set up a new model memory.
Undelayed channels Channel-specific flight phase delay %NTER FREE %NTER FREE %NTER #NTR %NTER #NTR /FFSET i3PEED w L 3%, M 7EG :EIT 39- !39 39- !39 • “Offset input 5” affects the flap setting of the ailerons; • “Offset input 6” affects the corresponding setting of the flaps. It is possible to program both positive and negative changes to the set travel.
Timers Timers in the basic display M o d e l tim e B a tt. tim e S t w a tc h F lig h ttm 0 :0 0 0 :0 0 T im e r t 0 : 2 0 h 4 : 4 5 h C L R Select the “Stopwatch” or “Flight timer” line with the rotary control pressed in: 0 s 0 s A la r m As standard the basic transmitter display contains four timers. Hold the rotary control pressed in and select the appropriate display line so that you can change the settings for that timer.
Audible signal sequence: 90 sec. before zero: every 10 seconds 30 sec. before zero: triple tone 20 sec. before zero: double tone 10 sec. before zero: every second 5 sec. before zero: every second, at higher frequency Zero: long tone Press CLEAR with the timer stopped to reset the “Timer”. Note: An example of “Operating the timer via the Ch1 stick” can be found on page 132.
What is a mixer? Wing mixers The basic function In many models it is often desirable to use a mixer to couple various control systems, e.g. to link the ailerons and rudder, or to inter-connect two servos where two control surfaces are actuated by separate servos. In all these cases the signal at the “output” of the control function at the transmitter stick – i.e.
quired. In the »MIX-only channel« menu (see page 108) it can now be separated from control function input 1 (throttle / brake stick), and used for some other purpose with the help of a “free mixer” (see page 102). For instance, it could be used to control an electric motor speed controller. The same applies if the model features no braking system at all, or no motor control at all. • You can use the option of setting transition times to set up a “smooth” switch from one flight phase to the next.
to suppress adverse yaw, but can even generate positive yaw, which means that the model yaws in the direction of the turn when an aileron command is given. In the case of large model gliders smooth turns can then be flown using ailerons alone, which otherwise is usually by no means the case. 0% (normal) 50% (differential) 100% (split) The adjustment range of -100% to +100% makes it possible to set the correct direction of differential regardless of the direction of rotation of the aileron servos.
Brake 3 elevator In this case the value should be selected so that the flaps deflect down by the maximum amount when the brake function (1, 8 or 9) is operated. However, do check that none of the servos is mechanically stalled at maximum travel. (CLEAR = 0%.
reduction”, which is explained in its own section later. Flap 6 3 elevator follow the movement of the flaps, but normally with a smaller deflection. This provides more even lift distribution over the full wingspan. The ailerons move in the same direction when the flaps are raised or lowered; usually travelling through a smaller angle. This mixer is usually set up in such a way that the flap travel of the ailerons is slightly lower than that of the camber-changing flaps. (CLEAR = 0%.
Program description: Mixers 89
Helicopter mixers Mixers variable separately in flight phases 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % t This menu describes all the helicopter mixers which can be varied separately in each flight phase, with the exception of the mixers for the auto-rotation phase, which are covered in detail in the section starting on page 99. These mixers are used for the basic set-up of a model helicopter.
1 0 0 O U T P U T 2 1 + Move the stick to the reference point “L (low), 1 ... 3 or H (high)” which you wish to change. The number and the current curve value of this point are displayed on the screen. You can now use the rotary control to change the momentary curve value in the inverse field within the range -125% to +125%, without affecting the adjacent reference points. Example: P itc h + Note: In this example the stick is located in the immediate vicinity of the right reference point “H”.
It can be very useful to adjust each individual reference point independently of the adjacent points using the rotary control! Once you have defined the collective pitch curve, switch to the first screen page by pressing ESC, and then select the next line (if appropriate): Channel 1 throttle A brief press on the rotary control or the ENTER button switches to the second screen page.
In p O u P o « N o rm u t tp u t in t a l » ? - - 7 0 % 7 0 % 1 0 0 O U T P U T C u rv e o ff T h r o ttle 1 ® C h a n n e l 1 + The output signal to the throttle servo cannot be greater than the value dictated by the horizontal bar, in this illustration max. approx. -70%. Tip: If you wish to time the flight of a (glow-powered) model helicopter, you can assign a control switch to the throttle limit slider, and then use this to switch a timer on and off; see page 72.
Roll throttle and pitch-axis throttle Increasing collective pitch requires a corresponding adjustment to the throttle setting, and the same applies if a substantial cyclic command is given, i.e. if the swashplate is tilted in any direction. In the software of the mc-22s you can adjust the degree of throttle following for roll-axis and pitch-axis separately. These mixers offer particular advantages in aerobatic flying, e.g.
m a x m in 5 0 % 1 0 0 % 1 5 0 % 1 9 9 % left centre + 5 0 % Range of transmitter control 7 0 % Gyro gain Exemple: +50% -1 0 0 % right Stick deflection tail rotor 2. Linear gyro suppression with reduced control travel, e.g. -50% to +80% travel. Gyro gain can be varied proportionally within these control limits. Here again, for demonstration purposes the illustration shows gyro gain varying according to tail rotor deflection for various values of the gyro suppression parameter.
Setting up the throttle and collective pitch curves A practical procedure Note: The hover point should normally be set to the centre position of the throttle / collective pitch stick. However, for some special cases, e.g. for “3-D” flying, you might wish to program hover points which deviate from this norm, for example, one point for normal flying may be above the cen96 Program description: Mixers tre, and another point for inverted flight below the centre.
OUTPUT 1 0 0 Hover point 1 + L H Stick travel 1 0 0 + H Hover point 1 + Stick travel H Hover point 1 + L Stick travel The standard set-up The remainder of the standard adjustment procedure is completed on the basis of the fundamental setup which you have just carried out, i.e. the model hovers in normal flight at the centre point of the throttle / collective pitch stick at the correct rotational speed.
1 0 0 OUTPUT 1 0 0 OUTPUT Hover point 1 - This diagram only shows the changes to the collective pitch maximum value “H”. + L H Stick travel This diagram only shows the change in the hover point, i.e. collective pitch minimum and maximum have been left at -100% and +100% respectively. OUTPUT 1 0 0 Now bring the model back to the hover, which again should coincide with the mid-point of the Ch1 stick.
Helicopter mixer Auto-rotation settings P itc h T h r s T a ilr o G y ro S w a s t e ttin g A R to ro ffs e t A s u p p r e s s io h p la te r o ta « A u to ro R n tio n t» - 9 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 ° = > The adjustment facilities listed in this screen shot are displayed in the Heli mixers menu when you switch to the “Auto-rotation” phase or “Auto-rotation Ch1 Pos.”, i.e. auto-rotation must be active (see »Auxiliary switch«, page 75).
Throttle setting: “Thr setting AR” In a competition the pilot is expected to cut the motor completely, but for practice purposes this is certainly not advisable. Instead set the throttle so that the motor runs at a reliable idle during auto-rotation, so that you can open the throttle immediately to recover from an emergency. Tail rotor setting: “tail rotor offset AR” For normal flying the tail rotor is set up in such a way that it compensates for motor torque when the helicopter is hovering.
General notes regarding freely programmable mixers The two menus »Wing mixers« and »Helicopter mixer«, described on the preceding pages, contain a wide range of ready-programmed coupling functions. The basic meaning of mixers has already been explained on page 84, together with the principle on which they work.
Free Mixers Linear and curve mixers L in L in L in L in C u C u e a e a e a e a rv e rv e t s rM rM rM rM M M IX IX IX IX IX IX 1 ? ? ? ? 3 ? ? ? ? 2 ? ? 4 6 5 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ty p e fro m to S E L S E L - - - - - - - - - - - - A d ju 5. Assign a mixer switch if required. 6. Define the mixer ratios on the second screen page. 7. Switch back to the first page by pressing ESC.
4,8 V C 577 Servo MIX 1 4,8 V C 577 7 Best.-Nr. 4101 4152 +5 5 PROP CHANNEL 4,8 V Servo C 577 8 Best.-Nr. 4101 MIX 2 Additional special features of free mixers b) the same mixers with a serial link e a e a e a e a t rM rM rM rM IX IX IX IX 3 1 2 7 6 ? ? ? ? ty p e fro m S E L S E L S 4 s 7 = > = > - - - - - - A d ju s t 8 ? ? ? ? to E L 4,8 V Servo 7 C 577 6 Servo 6 Best.-Nr. 4101 4152 +5 5 PROP CHANNEL MIX 1 4,8 V 7 C 577 Two mixers (MIX 6 7 and 7 8): Best.
made to operate with a delay by assigning a time value in the “-Time+” column of the “Transmitter control settings” menu. For more information on this please refer to the programming example entitled “Controlling timed sequences” on page 136.
t 6 o ff - - - A d = > - - - ju s t Use the rotary control to move the inverse video field to the bottom line and onto the arrow: .
1 0 0 O U T P U T 1 + Setting and erasing reference points + Note: If you are setting up a switch channel mixer of the “S NN” type you must operate the assigned switch to achieve this effect. The vertical line then switches between the left and right sides.
Note: If the stick does not coincide with the exact reference point, please note that the percentage value in the “Output” line always relates to the current stick position, rather than the reference point position. This curve profile is “jagged”, but it can easily be rounded off automatically simply by pressing a button.
MIX active/phase MIX-only channel Selecting mixers for individual flight phases Separating control functions from control channels M M IX o n ly n o rm a l In the default state of the mc-22s transmitter this menu is initially suppressed. To activate it, move to the »Suppress codes« menu (see page 49). Alternatively, move to the »Basic settings« menu (see page 117) and select “yes” for the Expert mode; this must be carried out before you set up a new model memory.
stick”, starting on page 129. • In contrast, if your model features airbrakes and you wish, perhaps, to test the effect of the butterfly / crow system with and without the airbrakes, then simply set channel 1 to “MIX only” in order to be able to control the airbrakes via servo 1. If you assign a switch to this mixer, you could then switch it on and off whenever you like.
Dual mixer Same-sense / opposite-sense coupling of two channels D M M i x e r i x e r t 1 U A L M I X E R ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? S E L S E L 2 + + 0 % 0 % D iff. S E L In the default state of the mc-22s transmitter this menu is initially suppressed. To activate it, move to the »Suppress codes« menu (see page 49). Alternatively, move to the »Basic settings« menu (see page 117) and select “yes” for the Expert mode; this must be carried out before you set up a new model memory.
Swashplate mixers Collective pitch, roll and pitch-axis mixers Further typical applications: • Model with two airbrakes: Dual mixer 1: „ C1 “ and „ 8 “, diff.= 0%. A second servo connected to output 8 moves in parallel with the first airbrake when the airbrake stick is operated. The trim acts on both servos. For safety’s sake you should set output 8 to “free” in the »Control adjust« menu. • Model with two rudders and differential travel (e.g. sweptback flying wing): Dual mixer 1: „ 8 “ and „ RU “, diff.
Fail-Safe settings Fail-safe in the “PCM20” transmission mode F A I L S A F E ( P T im e h o ld S E L C M 2 0 ) B a t t e r y o f f F . S . S E L This menu appears in the multi-function list only if you have selected the PCM20 transmission mode. This mode of operation must be pre-set in the memory-specific »Base setup model« menu. The PCM20 transmission mode can be used with all receivers with “mc” in the type designation (mc-12, mc-18, mc-20, DS 20 mc receivers, etc.).
F A I L S A P o s itio n s to r e d P o s it io n F E ( P C M T im e . 2 5 s 2 0 ) S T O B a t t e r y o f f S E L F . S . S E L The FAIL-SAFE servo positions can be overwritten at any time by selecting the appropriate menu and storing the current transmitter settings anew. Note: Some PCM receivers feature outputs 9 and 10, but variable fail-safe settings are not available for them; both servos move to the centre position if interference occurs.
Fail-Safe setting Fail-safe in the “SPCM20” transmission mode F P o s h o ld 1 A I L 2 S 3 A F 4 E 5 ( S P C M 6 2 0 ) 7 8 This menu appears in the multi-function list only if you have selected the SPCM20 transmission mode. This mode of operation must be pre-set in the memoryspecific »Base setup model« menu. The SPCM20 transmission mode can be used with all receivers with “smc” in the type designation (smc-19, smc-20, smc19 DS, smc-20 DS etc.).
Teacher/pupil Connecting two transmitters for Trainer (teacher / pupil, “buddy-box”) operations 4%!#(%2 050), 0 4 # !) %, 25 least possible delay. All the parts required are included in the opto-electronic Trainer system, Order No. 3289. Please refer to the Appendix for details of installing these components. Setting up the Pupil transmitter In the default state of the mc-22s transmitter this menu is initially suppressed.
Checking that the system works correctly Operate the Trainer switch you have assigned: • If the Trainer system is working correctly, the display changes from “ T” to “ P”. • If the screen shows the warning message … None studentsignal ... in the “Trainer” menu and the basic display, and if the letter “–P” appears on the left of the screen while the transmitter emits audible signals, then the link between the Pupil transmitter and the Teacher transmitter is defective.
Basic settings Basic transmitter settings idle idle »MODE 3« (Throttle at right stick) elev. down left aileron right rudder idle left rudder full throttle right aileron elev. up elev. up »MODE 4« (Throttle at left stick) Motor Vollgas left rudder elev. down elev. down left aileron left rudder left aileron elev. up idle elev.
Servo display Display of servo positions mode (FM or FMsss) for all other GRAUPNER/JR PPM FM receivers. 4. PPM24: PPM multi-servo transmission mode for simultaneous operation of up to twelve servos, for the “DS 24 FM S” receiver. Pressing CLEAR switches to the “PCM20” modulation type. Expert mode The “Expert mode” setting alters the contents of the multi-function list. The function only takes effect when you open a new model memory. „no“: The multi-function list contains only a limited selection of menus.
Code lock Barring access to the multi-function list 1 2 C O D E L O C K D e s ir e d ( n e w ) s e c r e t n u m b e r : (_ ) 3 E N T 4 In the default state of the mc-22s transmitter this menu is initially suppressed. To activate it, move to the »Suppress codes« menu (see page 49). Alternatively, move to the »Basic settings« menu (see page 117) and select “yes” for the Expert mode; this must be carried out before you set up a new model memory.
mc-22s programming techniques Preparation, e.g. with a fixed-wing model aircraft Programming model data into an mc-22s ... ... is easier than it may appear at first sight. There is one basic rule which applies equally to all programmable radio control transmitters – not just to the mc-22s: if the programming is to go smoothly and the systems work as expected, the receiving system components must first be installed correctly in the model, i.e. the mechanical systems must be firstrate.
“power” – whether the power is from an electric motor or an internal combustion engine – you will probably encounter few problems in this matter, because you have already defined the stick mode, and the sticks are employed primarily to control the four basic functions “power control (= throttle)”, “rudder”, “elevator” and “aileron”. Nevertheless, you still have to call up the ... »Model type« menu (page 52) M O D E L T Y P E M o to r T h r.
First steps in programming a new model Example: non-powered fixed-wing model aircraft The first time you use a new transmitter you should select the ... »Basic settings« (page 117) G O w P re P re E x p P re t E n e r -s e -s e e rt -s e s N E R s n a m t s tic k t m o d m o d e t m in . B A S I C S E T T I N G S < H -J S a n d b ru n n e r> m o d e 1 u la tio n P P M 1 8 n o P itc h fo rw rd S E L e A L ... and define a number of basic settings.
Tail: “Normal”, “V-tail”, “Delta / flying wing” or “2 EL Sv 3 + 8” Ailerons / flaps: 1 or 2 aileron servos and 0, 1 or 2 flap servos Brake: Airbrake servo control via Ch1 stick or (optionally) using a transmitter control connected to input 8 or 9 (»Control adjust« menu). As we wish to operate the airbrake servo at output 1 using the Ch1 stick, we leave the setting under “Brake” at “Input 1”.
»Wing mixers« (page 84) A ile r o n d F la p d iffe A ile r o n s A ile r o n s B ra k e B ra k e B ra k e E le v a to r E le v a to r F la p s F la p s R e d u c tio t s iffe r e n c e re n c e 2 > 4 R 2 > 7 F > 3 E > 6 F > 5 A 3 > 6 F 3 > 5 A 6 > 3 E 6 > 5 A n o f d iff.
If during the test phase you realise that one or other of the settings needs to be changed in order to tailor the model’s control response to your preferences – perhaps the servo travels are overall too great or too small – then we suggest that you turn to the following menu ... t 1 0 8 1 0 D U A L 0 % 0 % 0 % + 2 5 % + 3 0 % 0 % E X P 0 S E L s Airbrakes or spoilers S E L ... in order to adjust the overall set-up to suit your requirements and flying style.
Including an electric power system in the model programming There are various ways of switching electric power systems on. The simplest method of including an electric motor in a model set-up is to use the throttle / brake stick.
»Free mixers« (page 102) L in L in L in L in e a e a e a e a rM rM rM rM IX IX IX IX 1 3 9 ? ? ? ? ? ? ty p e fro m S E L S E L S 2 4 t 8 ? ? ? ? ? ? to E L avoid premature wear) even though you are using a motor switch, then set a delay time in the right column after selecting ASY. = > - - - - - - - - - A d ju s t … where you program a “LinearMIX” from “9” to, say, “8”. On the second screen of this menu you “simply” set a SYMmetrical mixer input of +100%.
Example 3 Using a three-position external switch (Differential switch, Order No. 4160.22) This variant implements a multi-stage switching system for the drive motor using the OFF – half-throttle – full throttle method. At the receiver end you require a proportional speed controller. The settings required for this are basically as described under Example 1, and the same notes and recommendations apply.
Controlling the electric motor and butterfly (crow) system using the Ch1 stick (Butterfly / crow system as landing aid: ailerons up, flaps down) Example 4 If you set the Expert Mode line in the »Basic settings« menu to “no” (the default setting) before you set up the appropriate model memory, please note that the multi-function menu for this model memory will only display a limited number of functions.
»Phase assignment« (page 80) P H A S E p r io r A B 4 I A S S I G N M E N T c o m b i C D < 1 N o rm a l S E L > Use the rotary control to select the switch symbol under “B”. After a brief press on the rotary control, operate the switch you wish to use, e.g. the switch with the number “4”. Initially the “normal” phase is assigned to both switch positions, i.e. ON (I) and OFF ( ), and this is shown on the right of the screen. Select SEL using the rotary control.
»Free mixers« (page 102) … and set, say, LinearMIX 2 to “S to Ch1”. On the second page of the menu set a symmetrical mixer input of +100% once more. If a switch is not assigned to this mixer, it delivers a constant, non-switchable signal to control channel 1 (see page 107), which keeps the speed controller at its OFF position. (If this is not reliably the case, you will need to correct the travel and / or direction appropriately.
Operating the timers using transmitter controls or external switches If you have followed the model programming described on the preceding pages for Example 1 on page 126 or Example 4 on page 129, or – in contrast to the programming examples – you are using the Ch1 stick (throttle / brake stick) for power control, then you can use a control switch to start and stop the stopwatch automatically. To assign the desired timer to one of the control switches G1 to G4, you move to the menu ...
Servos operating in parallel Variant 1 Variant 2 In the menu … In this variant you set up a “Tr RU 8” mixer in the menu … … select one of the two dual mixers, and enter “RU” and “8” using SEL, as shown in the screen shot: »Free mixers« (page 102) L in L in L in L in e a e a e a e a rM rM rM rM IX IX IX IX 1 2 T r R U ? ? ? ? ? ? ty p e fro m S E L S E L S 3 4 t Of course, the opposed movement „ “, which would occur via “Input 8”, must not be allowed to take place in this application.
Using flight phases Within any model memory you can program up to four different flight phases (stages of flight), each incorporating settings which can be entirely different to the others. Each of these flight phases can be called up by means of a switch or a combination of switches.
The model settings you programmed before you assigned the phase switch are now to be found in the flight phase «1 Normal». That is the phase which is called up when the switch is at the centre position.
Controlling timed sequences using time delay and curve mixers S E L + 1 0 + 1 0 + 1 0 + 1 0 v e l+ M A 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % S Y 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 - tim S Y M 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 e + A S Y … where you assign one of the standard sliders to the control channel you wish to use; the slider is then used as a tool to move to any point on the control curve during the programming procedure. In our example this is transmitter control 7 assigned to channel 9.
»Control adjust« (page 58) FREE FREE … in order to conclude the programming procedure. This is where you assign an On / Off switch instead of the slider. This can be any switch you like (e.g. “3”), assigned to the control channel you have selected – in these examples “transmitter control 7” to channel “9”. Enter the desired SYMmetrical or ASYmmetrical time delay in the “–Time+” column; this is the period in which the function is to complete its course.
Programming example: deltas and flying wing model aircraft Receiver battery Auxiliary function Best.-Nr.
»Model type« (page 52) M O D E L M o to r T a il ty p e A ile r o n /c a m b e r fla p s B ra k e O ffs e t t T Y P E + 1 0 0 % s N o n e N o rm a l 2 A IL 2 F L E n te r 1 S E L … and make the following selections, according to the receiver output sequence: „Motor“: • „none“ (no motor). Ch1 trim acts equally along the whole travel • “Throttle min. forward / back”. Trim acts only at idle range. The power-on warning “Throttle too high” appears if the Ch1 stick is too far towards full-throttle.
»MIX-only channel« (page 108) M I X M IX o n ly n o rm a l O N L Y 1 2 C H A N N E L 3 4 5 6 7 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 8 … so that the associated servo is not also operated by the elevator stick! Many years ago the author operated a model delta with the mc-20, programmed exactly in this way, with a butterfly (crow) system as landing aid, exploiting the “Brake 5 aileron” and “Brake 6 flaps” wing mixers to provide complete compensation for pitch trim changes.
in on a car. Note: This is the only method of programming rudder differential. You may also want both rudders to deflect outwards when a braking system is operated using the Ch1 stick, and this can be achieved as follows: if you have selected the “normal” tail type, set up a further “LinearMIX Ch1 3” with a suitable travel setting.
Six-flap wing To set up a control system for all the servos, first switch to the menu ... control channel 1. Now move to the menu ...
should now be checked in the »Servo display« menu: • The aileron servos 8 + 1 and 6 + 7 should move exactly in parallel with servos 2 + 5; the aileron trim lever acts upon servos 2 + 5 and 8 + 1, and … • … the Ch1 stick still operates no servos. »Control adjust« (page 58) Caution: Check the screen carefully! When the ailerons are operated, the bars in the »Servo display« should move in the same direction, but in opposite directions when the flaps are deployed.
Elevator trim compensation for flap commands »Wing mixers« (page 84) B ra B ra B ra E le E le k e k e k e v a to r v a to r »Wing mixers« (page 84) B ra B ra E le E le F la k e k e v a to r v a to r p s t s > 6 3 6 3 > 5 > 6 > 5 > 3 « N F la p s A ile r o F la p s A ile r o E le v a o rm a n s n to r l » + + + + + 0 % 0 % + + 0 % 0 % 0 % S Y M 0 % 0 % A S Y … by selecting the “Flaps 6 3 Elevator” mixer, and entering a suitable value in each flight phase.
Airbrake mixer (crow setting) The “Brake 3 Elevator”, “Brake 5 Aileron” and “Brake 6 Flaps” mixers can be set up in such a way that the ailerons 2 + 5 deflect up and the flaps 6 + 7 move down, while an elevator trim correction occurs automatically (see »Wing mixers« section, page 87). To make the inboard flaps 8 + 1 follow, you need to set up a further free mixer, “Ch1 8”. This mixer causes the inboard flaps to follow in the same direction, according to the position of the Ch1 stick.
F3A model aircraft is mixture adjustment control for the carburettor. This is generally controlled by a slider on the transmitter connected to one of the auxiliary channels otherwise not in use. Y-lead, Order No. 3936.11 or 3936.
t s > 4 C H 1 A IL E E L E V R U D D … for all four trim levers. You can check the effect of the sensitivity you have selected in the »Servo display« menu. You may find it necessary to assign transmitter controls to particular inputs to operate the retractable undercarriage and carburettor mixture adjustment. This is carried out in the menu ...
F P o s h o ld A 1 I L S A 2 F 3 E 4 ( S P C M 5 6 2 0 ) 7 8 S T O In the next section we consider the “battery fail-safe” feature in PCM20 mode: F A I L S A P o s it io n S T O F E ( P C M 2 0 ) T im e . 2 5 s B a t t e r y F . S .
ted, then a mixer has to be set up which deflects the ailerons slightly to the left. Heading changes around the lateral (elevator) axis can be corrected in a similar way using a mixer acting upon the elevator: a) Correction around the lateral axis (elevator) LinearMIX 3: „RU EL“ Asymmetrical setting. The exact values required must be found by flight testing. b) Correction around the longitudinal axis (aileron) LinearMix 4: „RU AI“ Asymmetrical setting.
Model helicopter In this programming example we assume that you have already read and understood the descriptions of the individual menus, and are by now familiar with the general handling of the transmitter. We also assume that you have built and adjusted the helicopter exactly according to the kit instructions. The electronic facilities provided by the transmitter should never be used to compensate for major mechanical inaccuracies.
message will disappear. The next step is to select a name for the model memory you have chosen; the name is entered in the menu … »Helicopter type« (page 53) RIGHT »Base setup model« (page 50) »Swashplate mixer« (page 111) > 4 t Your choice of “Model name” is entered virtually in exactly the same way as the user name, which was described on the left-hand page under »Basic settings«.
»Auxiliary switch« (page 75) A glance at the menu ... »Control adjust« (page 60) E n E n E n T h te te te .L s r 9 r1 0 r1 1 .1 2 C n C n fr C n S E L tr 9 tr1 0 e e tr 7 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % o ffs e t S E L + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 0 0 % 0 0 % 0 0 % 0 0 % -tra S Y + 1 0 + 1 0 + 1 0 + 1 0 v e l+ M A S 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 - tim Y S Y M 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 e + A S Y … will show you that control 7 is assigned to input 12. This input serves as the throttle limiter.
done so, adjust the mechanical linkages to the rotor head so that all the blades are set to a collective pitch angle of 4° to 5° positive for the hover. All known helicopters will fly at this approximate setting. Now push the collective pitch stick fully forward to the maximum collective pitch point (we have already set collective pitch minimum to the “back” position). The solid vertical line in the graph indicates the current stick position.
del memory using the “Gyro suppression” line. To be able to adjust gyro gain from the transmitter you will need to set up another free linear slider, which you can assign to the “Gyro” input in the menu ... »Control adjust« (page 60) Push the slider fully forward, and move to the ASY field in the “Travel” column using the rotary control. At this point set the maximum gain of the gyro to a value such as 50%, which represents a safe fixed value when the slider is at its forward end-stop.
»Phase assignment« (page 80) P H A S E p r io r A A B S C 2 3 S I G M c o m b i D E < 1 N sitions. For example, if you wish to use a speed governor, as described in the section starting in the next column, a sequence of the “normal / hover / acro” type might well make sense. T N o rm a l S E L > Assign the three-position switch under “B” or “C”. The next step is to allot the flight phases you have set up in the »Phase setting« menu to each of the switch positions.
Output + 1 2 5 + 1 0 0 % The transmitter control travel corresponds to the graph shown here. 0 -1 0 0 -1 2 5 -1 0 0 % 0 + 1 0 0 % Control travel 8 In the “normal” flight phase the speed governor should always be switched off! This phase is used primarily for checking the motor and other general settings.
NAUTIC multi-proportional modules For the PPM18 and PPM24 transmission modes Module required at the transmitter NAUTIC Multi-Prop module Order No. 4141 (up to two modules can be installed) Method of working The NAUTIC Multi-Prop module expands one standard control function to provide four functions, i.e. three additional servo sockets are available for each module at the receiver end. A maximum of two Prop modules can be installed in the transmitter.
NAUTIC Expert switched functions For the PPM18 and PPM24 transmission modes Module required at the transmitter 16-channel NAUTIC Expert Module Order No. 4108 (up to two modules can be installed) Method of working The NAUTIC Expert Module expands one control function to provide sixteen switched channels. All eight switches have a centre position, providing a genuine forward – stop – reverse function; this requires the use of a switch module, Order No. 3754.1, or a reversing module, Order No. 3754.
Combination of NAUTIC Prop and NAUTIC Expert modules For the PPM18 and PPM24 transmission modes mc-22s transmitter connections Modules required at the transmitter NAUTIC Expert 16-channel module Order No. 4108 NAUTIC Multi-Prop module Order No. 4141 mc-19 / mc-22(s) / mc-24 NAUTIC adaptor Order No. 4184.4 For connecting NAUTIC modules to the mc-22s interface distributor, Order No. 4182.3, or to the adaptor 4184.1.
NAUTIC accessories NAUTIC accessories Required at the receiver end Order No. 4159 Module Note 2 / 16-channel NAUTIC-Expert switch module For each 16channel NAUTICExpert module in the transmitter, one 2 / 16 channel NAUTIC Expert switch module is required. 4142N NAUTIC MultiProp decoder Four servos can be connected 3941.6 Flat socket with 3-core lead For connecting consumer units drawing up to 0.7 A per switched channel 3936.11 or 3936.
NAUTIC systems - typical wiring diagram Speed controller RX Best.-Nr. 4142.N 1 /4 K N A U T IC M u lti-P r o p M in i-D e c o d e r S4 S3 S2 S1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SERVOS PPM receiver Batt 2 -1 6 K NAUTIC-Expert Schaltbaustein Empfänger Batt. 3...30V 1- H -2 Max. 8 x 0,7 A Best.-Nr. 4159 Alternatively, two NAUTIC-Expert switch modules or two NAUTIC Multi-Prop decoders can be connected. Please read the notes on pages 157 / 158.
Trainer system with light-pipe lead or Eco lead Connections in the mc-22s Teacher transmitter Install the Teacher module in the transmitter case at a suitable position. Connect the ten-pin plug attached to the Teacher module to the adaptor, Order No. 4184.1, or the interface distributor, Order No. 4182.3. The Trainer module, Order No. 3290.19, can be connected directly to the interface on the transmitter circuit board by means of the fourteen-pin connector.
Trainer system Accessories Connections in the mc-22s transmitter Connections in the mc-22s Teacher transmitter To Pupil transmitter “Momentary” kick button Order No. 4144.M CH9 CH10 CH8 0 1 2 3 4 5 CH5 CH6 mc-22(s) interface distributor Order No. 4182.3 or mc-22(s) / mc-24 adaptor Order No. 4184.1 or CH7 or Momentary switch Order No. 4160.11 Teacher module with fourteen-pin plug, Order No. 3290.19 Teacher module with ten-pin plug, Order No. 3290.
Accessories 4160.11 4160.44 Copy lead: mc-22(s) / mc-22(s), mc-22(s) / mx-22 Order No. 4179.2 For copying data between two mc-22s transmitters, or between mc-22(s) and mx-22 transmitters. An interface distributor (Order No. 4182.3) must be fitted to each transmitter. For connection to an mx-22 transmitter the Trainer / PC module, Order No. 3290.22 is required. Note: The model memory formats of the mc-22, mc-22s and mx-22 are compatible, i.e.
Two-channel switch module Order No. 4151 with long toggle Order No. 4151.1 with short toggle The switch has three positions, providing the means to switch a speed controller over the range forward - stop - reverse, for example. Also suitable for On / Off functions such as retracts, lamps etc.. Without its decorative bezel the switch module can be installed in any vacant option well in the transmitter. Two-channel switch module Order No. 4151.2 with short toggle Order No. 4151.
Accessories Stick with rotary proportional knob* Order No. 4112 Three-function stick switch* Order No. 4113 Two-function stick switch* Order No. 4143 Kick button** Order No. 4144 The rotary proportional knob integrated into the stick is designed for use with non self-neutralising functions, or to control a speed controller or similar special application. The change-over switch integrated into the stick has a centre detent and is designed to provide three switched functions.
CONTEST Carbon transmitter tray for mc-19, mc-22 and mc-22s Order No. 3093* Aluminium mc-22 / mc-22s transmitter case Order No. 10 Rigid, high-quality, lockable aluminium case of attractive design. Foam padded insert provides shock protection for transmitter, receiver, servos and accessories for storage and transport. Dimensions approx. 400 x 300 x 150 mm Ergonomically efficient, designed to deliver the functionality desired and required by competition pilots.
Operating frequencies approved for use in EU countries This radio control system may only be operated on the frequencies and channels approved for each EU nation. Please check the legal situation in your own country. It is prohibited to operate a radio control system on any frequency and channel other than those listed. If you are not using a PLL-SYNTHESIZER receiver, use only genuine GRAUPNER plug-in crystals; see the main GRAUPNER catalogue.
Conformity certificate Approval certificates EU conformity declaration Approval certificates Conformity Appendix 169
Index 3-D rotary control – see Rotary control A Adverse yaw 85, 124 Aerial - helical 167 - receiver 3, 24 - transmitter 4, 5, 15, 21 - telescopic 15, 21 Aerobatics (Helicopter) 92 Aileron - control 86, 140, 142, 143 - differential – see Wing mixer - effect 87, 88, 89, 104, 124, 145 Ailerons / flaps – see Model type Airbrakes 34, 35, 40, 50, 68, 84, 105, 111, 120, 123, 129, 142 - Airbrake mixer 84, 87, 145 Alarm timer – see Timer Application 3 Auto-rotation 36, 40, 75, 79, 99, 152 - AR tail rotor offset 42,
F Fail-safe 20, 38, 43, 46, 47, 49, 51, 112, 114, 148 - battery 43, 113, 148 Fixed switch 27, 30, 39, 59, 61, 107 Fixed-wing model 35 Flaps 35, 39, 42, 43, 52, 80, 81, 84, 104, 110, 120, 121, 123, 124, 129, 135, 140, 142 Flight phases 6, 38 … 43, 47, 58, 60, 64, 66, 70, 75, 76, 78 … 81, 84, 90, 108, 129, 134 Flight timer 20, 41, 82 Flying wing – see Tail Free mixer – see Mixer Frequency band (change) 14, 22, 168 Function fields 29 Function input – see Control function input Function select – see Multi-funct
Sachwortverzeichnis - Expert module 158, 159 - Expert switch module 160, 161 - module installation 15, 16, 18 - Multi-Prop decoder 160, 161 - Multi-Prop module 157, 159 - reversing module 160 - switch module 160 Negative yaw – see Adverse yaw Neutral setting – see Servo centre setting Neutralising arm 13 Non-delayed channel 41, 76, 81 Number input – see Input lock Offset - see Mixer neutral point - see Transmitter control Offset input “1, 8, 9” – see also Brake Operating buttons 18, 20, 29 Operating time 4,
T Tail – see Tail type Tail type 35, 39, 43, 52, 84, 111, 138 Telescopic aerial – see Aerial Throttle limit 32, 39, 54, 60, 62, 73, 92, 96, 152 - Expo 39, 54, 63, 93, 151 Throttle - curve 62, 92, 96, 150 - idle-up 92, 96 - setting AR 100 Throttle / airbrake control curve 68 Throttle / collective pitch curve 70 Throttle limiter 54, 62, 73, 92, 93, 96, 152 - time delay 63 Time delay - see Auto-rotation - see Fail-safe - flight phase 79, 134, 154 - switched functions 136 - throttle limiter 63, 98 - transmitter
Guarantee certificate Servicestellen / Service / Service après-vente Graupner-Zentralservice Graupner GmbH & Co. KG Postfach 1242 D-73220 Kirchheim (+49) (07021) 72 21 30 Servicehotline Graupner GmbH & Co. KG Montag - Freitag 9:30 -11:30 u. 13:00 -15:00 Uhr (+49)(0 180 5) 47 28 76 Andorra Sorteny 2 MODELISME Lluis Villasevil Av. Santa Anna.13 Les Escaldes (+37) 86 08 27 Italia GiMax Via Manzoni, no.
GRAUPNER GMBH & CO. KG POSTFACH 1242 D-73220 KIRCHHEIM/TECK GERMANY http://www.graupner.de Availability and changes to specifications reserved. Supplied only through approved specialist dealers. We will gladly supply addresses of retail outlets. We accept no liability for printing errors. Printed in Germany PN.KF-01 180 We have checked the information in these instructions with great care and believe it to be correct. However, we accept no liability of any kind for errors, omissions and printing errors.
