User's Manual

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Deﬁ nition of terms

Control functions, transmitter controls, function inputs, control channels, mixers, switches, control switches

To make it easier for you to understand the mx-12

HoTT manual, the following section contains deﬁ nitions

of many terms which crop up again and again in the

remainder of the text.

Control function

The term “control function” can be thought of as the

signal generated for a particular function which needs

to be controlled - initially independent of its subsequent

progress through the transmitter. In the case of ﬁ xed-

wing model aircraft the control functions include throttle,

rudder and aileron, whereas collective pitch, roll and

pitch-axis are typical of those used for helicopters. The

signal of a control function may be assigned directly, or

to several control channels simultaneously via mixers.

A typical example of the latter is separate aileron ser-

vos, or pairs of roll-axis or pitch-axis servos in a model

helicopter. The essential feature of a control function is its

inﬂ uence on the mechanical travel of the corresponding

servo.

Transmitter control

The term “transmitter control” refers to the mechanical

elements on the transmitter which are operated directly

by the pilot. Their movements in turn generate corre-

sponding movements in the servos, speed controllers

etc. at the receiver end. The transmitter controls include

the following:

The two dual-axis stick units for the control functions •

1 to 4; for both model types (“ﬁ xed-wing” and “helicop-

ter”) these four functions can be interchanged in any

way you wish using the “Mode” function, e. g. throttle

left or right, without having to re-connect the servos.

The dual-axis stick function for throttle (or airbrakes) is

often referred to as the Ch 1 (Channel 1) control.

The two rotary proportional controls CTRL 7 + 8•

The switches SW 4/5 and 6/7, and CTRL 9 and 10•

The switches SW 1 and 3, if they have been assigned •

to a control channel in the “Transmitter control

settings” menu.

When a proportional transmitter control is operated, the

servo or servos follow the position of the control directly,

whereas a switched channel provides just the two or

three set servo positions.

Function input

This is an imaginary point on the signal path, and must

not be considered the same as the point on the circuit

board where the transmitter control is connected! The

two menus “Stick mode” and “Transmitter control

settings” affect the course of the signal “after” this point,

and it is possible (and likely) that there will be differences

between the number of the transmitter control (as stated

above) and the number of the subsequent control chan-

nel.

Control channel

There is a point on the signal path where the signal con-

tains all the control information required for a particular

servo – this may be directly generated by a transmitter

control or indirectly via a mixer – and from this point on

we call the signal a “control channel”. This signal is only

affected by any adjustments carried out in the “Servo

settings” menu before leaving the transmitter via the RF

module. Once picked up at the receiver, this signal may

be modiﬁ ed by any settings made in the Telemetry menu

before ﬁ nally passing to the corresponding servo in the

model.

Mixer

The transmitter’s software includes a wide range of mixer

functions. Their purpose is to enable a control function to

affect multiple servos at the branching point of the mixer

input, or alternatively to allow several control functions

to affect one servo. For more information please refer to

the numerous mixer functions as described in the section

starting on page 88 of the manual.

Switch

The standard toggle switch SW 3, the two three-position

switches SW 4/5 and 6/7 and the momentary button

SW 1 can also be incorporated into the programming of

the transmitter controls. However, all these switches are

also generally intended for switching program options,

e. g. starting and stopping timers, switching mixers on

and off, transferring control in Trainer mode etc. Each

physical switch function can be assigned to as many

functions as you wish. Numerous examples are de-

scribed in the manual.

Transmitter control switch

It is often desirable to switch a function on or off auto-

matically at a particular position of another transmitter

control, e. g. at a deﬁ ned position of one of the dual-axis

sticks. Typical examples are switching a stopwatch on

and off to allow you to record the motor run time, extend-

ing spoilers automatically (and many others). The mx-

12 HoTT software includes a total of two (three - for

helicopters) “control switches” of this type.

Two transmitter control switches are available for the Ch

1 stick in each model memory, both for ﬁ xed-wing model

aircraft and helicopters. For helicopters a third is present

in the form of the throttle limiter; see the right-hand side

and page 67.

This manual includes a range of instructive examples

which make programming as simple as child’s play.

Please refer to the programming examples in the section

starting on page 144.

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