33116.mx-16 HoTT.3.
Contents General Information Contents......................................................................... 2 Environmental protection notes...................................... 3 Safety Notes................................................................... 4 Safety notes and handling instructions relating to Nickel-Metal-Hydride rechargeable batteries............. 8 Disposal of exhausted dry and rechargeable batt.......... 9 Foreword....................................................................
Programming examples Introduction................................................................. 164 Fixed-wing model aircraft First steps............................................................. 166 Including an electric power system...................... 170 E-motor and Butterfly (crow) using Ch1 stick....... 172 Operating timers................................................... 175 Use of flight phases.............................................. 176 Servos running in parallel....................
Safety Notes Please read carefully! We all want you to have many hours of pleasure in our mutual hobby of modelling, and safety is an important aspect of this. It is absolutely essential that you read right through these instructions and take careful note of all our safety recommendations. We also strongly recommend that you register without delay at https:// www.graupner.
any other installed equipment in the model, but in an easily accessible position. Under no circumstances allow servo leads to run close to the aerial, far less coiled round it! Ensure that cables are fastened securely, so that they cannot move close to the receiver aerial when the model is flying. Deploying the receiver aerial(s) The receiver and its aerials should be installed as far away as possible from all kinds of power system.
Safety Notes Checking the transmitter and receiver batteries It is essential to stop using the radio control system and recharge the batteries well before they are completely discharged. In the case of the transmitter this means – at the very latest – when the message “battery needs charging” appears on the screen, and you hear an audible warning signal. It is vital to check the state of the batteries at regular intervals – especially the receiver pack.
• • • • applicable to mobile transmitting apparatus, the equipment’s aerial must be at least 20 cm from any person when the system is in use. We therefore do not recommend using the equipment at a closer range than 20 cm. Ensure that no other transmitter is closer than 20 cm from your equipment, in order to avoid adverse effects on the system’s electrical characteristics and radiation pattern.
Safety notes and handling instructions relating to Nickel-Metal-Hydride rechargeable batteries As with all sophisticated technical products, it is vitally important that you observe the following safety notes and handling instructions if you wish the equipment to operate safely and reliably for an extended period. Safety notes • Individual cells and rechargeable batteries are not playthings, and must be kept well away from children. Store rechargeable cells and batteries out of the reach of children.
do not have access to a suitable fast charger, i. e. one which allows you to set the charge current accurately, then the battery should always be recharged using the “normal” charge rate of 1/10C; see the example stated above. Wherever possible, transmitter batteries should always be recharged at the 1/10C rate, in order to avoid differences in cell states. The charge current must never exceed the maximum permissible value stated in the transmitter instructions.
mx-16 the latest generation of radio control technology HoTT (Hopping Telemetry Transmission) is the synthesis of expertise, engineering and world-wide testing by professional pilots. The equipment operates on the 2.4 GHz band, and offers bi-directional communication between transmitter and receiver via a down-link channel integrated into the receiver. The mx-16 HoTT RC system is based on the Graupner/JR mc-24 computer radio control system which was introduced back in 1997.
mx-16 Computer System Eight-channel radio control set with Graupner|SJ HoTT 2.4 GHz technology (Hopping Telemetry Transmission) Graupner|SJ HoTT technology offers extreme reliability in use, with bi-directional communication between transmitter and receiver, integrated telemetry, speech output via earphone socket and ultrafast response times. Simplified programming technology with capacitive programming touch-buttons.
mx-16 Computer System Eight-channel radio control set with Graupner|SJ HoTT 2.
The set Order No. 33116 contains mx-16 HoTT micro-computer transmitter with integral 4NH-2000 RX RTU flat-pack NiMH transmitter battery, Order No. 33116.2 (specification reserved), plug-type battery charger (5,6 V / 200 mAh), Graupner|SJ GR-16 HoTT bi-directional receiver, Order No. 33508, micro-SD card, USB interface, Order No. 7168.6 and adapter lead, Order No. 7168.6S. Recommended battery chargers (optional) Order No.
Operating Notes Transmitter power supply The mx-16 HoTT transmitter is fitted as standard with a high-capacity rechargeable 4NH-2000 RX RTU NiMH battery (Order No. 2498.4FBEC) (specification reserved). When delivered, the standard rechargeable battery is not charged. When you are using the transmitter you can monitor the battery voltage on the LCD screen. If the voltage of the transmitter battery falls below a certain voltage (default 4.
transmitter, in the direction of the circuit board. (The battery connector is protected against reversed polarity by two chamfered edges; see illustration). Finally place the battery in the compartment, and close the cover. disconnected; for example, when the transmitter battery is replaced. Battery timer, bottom left corner of the screen This timer displays the cumulative operating time of the transmitter since the last time the transmitter battery was charged.
Operating Notes Receiver power supply A wide range of rechargeable four-cell and five-cell NiMH batteries varying in capacity is available for use as the receiver power supply. If you are using digital servos we recommend that you use a five-cell (6 V) pack of generous capacity. If your model is fitted with a mixture of digital and analogue servos, it is important to check the maximum permissible operating voltage of all the types. The PRX unit, Order No.
Adjusting stick length Both sticks are infinitely variable in length over a broad range, enabling you to set them to suit your personal preference. Hold the bottom half of the knurled grip firmly, and unscrew the top section: Now screw the stick top in or out (shorter or longer) to the length you prefer before tightening the top and bottom sections against each other to fix the stick top. Opening the transmitter case Please read the following notes carefully before you open the transmitter.
Operating Notes Converting the dual-axis stick units Self-centring action Either or both sticks can be converted from self-neutralising to non self-neutralising action: start by opening the transmitter as described on the previous page. If you wish to change the standard stick unit arrangement, start by locating the screw on the left-hand stick unit shown circled in white in the photo below.
Brake spring and ratchet You can alter the braking force of the stick by adjusting the outer of the two screws circled in white in the next picture; adjusting the inner screw alters the strength of the ratchet: Stick centring force The centring force of the sticks is also variable to suit your preference. The adjustment system is located adjacent to the centring springs; see the white circles in the following photo.
Description of transmitter Front of transmitter Attaching the transmitter neckstrap You will find a strap lug mounted in the centre of the front face of the mx-16 HoTT transmitter, as shown in the drawing on the right. This lug is positioned in such a way that the transmitter is perfectly balanced even when suspended from a neckstrap. Order No. 1121 Neckstrap, 20 mm wide Order No.
Rear of transmitter Case screw Case screw Earphone / headphone socket Data socket for connecting Smart-Box, Order No. 33700 Five-pin mini-USB socket for connecting transmitter to a PC DSC socket for connecting flight simulators and for Teacher mode Case screw Case screw mini-USB socket This socket can be used to connect the transmitter to a PC running Windows XP, Vista or 7.
DSC Data storage Direct Servo Control The original function of this socket was for “Direct Servo Control”, and that’s why the abbreviation is still in use. However, for technical reasons “direct servo control” is no longer possible with the HoTT system using a diagnosis lead. The mx-16 HoTT transmitter’s standard two-pole DSC socket is now used as a Trainer (buddy box) socket (Teacher or Pupil), and as an interface for flight simulators. For the DSC connection to work you must check the following: 1.
#01 5.2V 3:33h stop flt 0:00 0:00 M HoTT 5.5V Note: If there is an SD card installed, withdraw it BEFORE you remove the transmitter’s back panel, otherwise there is a risk that you will damage the card. Prepare the memory card as described, remove it from the transmitter, and insert it in a suitable card reader. Make sure the reader is connected to your PC or laptop, and copy the files previously downloaded from the Download page for your transmitter into the appropriate folder.
Screen and keypad Visual display of the trim lever positions; alternatively - if rotary controls CTRL 7 … 9 are operated - display of the current settings of these two controls Model name Model type display (fixed-wing / helicopter) See page 36 for possible warnings Stopwatch in min:sec (count-up / count-down) Model memory 1 … 20 Left-hand touch-key leaf through pressed briefly together: switches to Servo display menu Right-hand touch-key leaf through / alter values SET Select / Confirm
Operating the “Data Terminal” Input buttons ESC and SET symbols On-screen telemetry symbols The active model memory has not yet been “bound” to a HoTT receiver. See page 80 or 88 for more information on the “binding” process. Not flashing: RF switched off at transmitter Flashing aerial symbol: The last receiver bound to the active model is inactive, or out of range >M x No telemetry signal detected Signal strength display >M Display of Pupil signal strength on the Teacher >P transmitter’s screen.
HIDDEN MODE Language selection and screen contrast The “HIDDEN MODE” (VERSTECKTER MODUS) menu of the mx-16 HoTT transmitter can be accessed from virtually any menu position by holding the arrow buttons of the left-hand touch-key and the SET button of the right-hand touch-key pressed in; after about one second this display appears: VERSTECKTER MODUS ANSAGEN FIRMWARE UPDATE KNÜPPEL KALIBRIER.
RF MUST BE OFF OK … appears, then the transmitter’s RF section is still active. Switch this section off in the “RF module” line of the “Base settings” menu, and repeat the procedure. • If the warning … SD-CARD INSERT OK FIRMWARE UPDATE / Changing the screen language Important note: It is essential to check the state of charge of your transmitter battery before you carry out any update.
Boot Download Success!!! Please Wait.... … then there is no memory card in the card slot, or the card cannot be read. • If the Select window is empty … FILE LIST … this display: Firmware Downloading...
transmitter’s screen display should look like this: 3 0% 4 0% 5 0% 6 0% 7 0% 8 0% 0% STICK CALIBRATION +100% … and briefly press the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key. In our example this completes the calibration of the “left-hand” end-point of the right-hand stick, and the circle in the centre of the stylised stick plane flashes to confirm this: Now repeat the calibration procedure for the right-hand end-point of the right-hand stick.
Telemetry data display As described on page 150, as part of the “SENSOR SELECT” sub-menu of the “Telemetry” menu … SENSOR SELECT RECEIVER GENERAL MODULE ELECTRIC AIR.MOD VARIO MODULE GPS … and selecting the line for the desired sensor after superimposing the Select window by pressing one of the two buttons.
GENERAL MODUL RECEIVER GENERAL ELECT. AIR VARIO GPS BAT1 E FUEL F 0.0V T1 BAT2 0.0V T2 0°C 0°C CELL.V 1:0.00 2:0.00 3:0.00 4:0.00 5:0.00 6:0.00 0 ALT 0m 0m1 BAT1 E FUEL F 0m3 0.0V POWER T1 0°C 0.0V 0.0A BAT2 0 0.0V T2 0°C This display visualises the data from a General-Engine module, Order No. 33610, or a General-Air module, Order No. 33611, connected to the receiver. For more information on these modules please see the Appendix, or refer to the product on the Internet at www.graupner. de.
Rev-count sensor ELECTRIC AIR MODUL 0 0 rpm 0 This display visualises the rotational speed measured by a rev-count sensor, Order No. 33615 or 33616, connected to the General Engine module (Order No. 33610) or the General Air module (Order No. 33611). Note: For correct display of rotational speed you must first set the appropriate number of blades by accessing the Telemetry menu for the sensor. Vario 0 mm 0.
SENSOR 1 SENSOR 1 0.0V 0°C to the location or launch point, and the actual climb / sink rate in m/s, generated by the integral vario in the Electric Air module (Order No. 33620). RECEIVER GENERAL ELECT. AIR VARIO GPS m/1s 0.0 SENSOR 2 This display visualises the actual voltage and temperature measured by a temperature / voltage sensor, Order No. 33612 or 33613, connected to the “T(EMP)2” socket of the Electric Air module (Order No. 33620). Vario 0 mm 0.
RXSQ 0 DIS 0m ALT 0m 0.0m/1s 0m/3s N W 0 Kmh E S N E Vario 0 mm 0.0 s 0°00.0000 0°00.0000 This display visualises the data delivered by a GPS module with integral vario, Order No. 33600, connected to the receiver. In addition to the model’s current positional data and speed, shown in the centre of the screen, the display also includes the current altitude in relation to the launch point and the model’s climb / sink rate in m/1 s, m/3 s and m/10 s.
For your notes 35
On-screen warnings Warnings BIND N/A OK “Binding not present” No receiver is bound to the currently active model memory. A brief touch of the SET button takes you directly to the corresponding option. RF ON/OFF? ON OFF Do you want the RF signal to be “ON” or “OFF? batter y needs charging fail safe setup t.b.
Position display Rotary proportional controls CTRL 7 and 8 As soon as you operate one of the two rotary controls CTRL 7 + 8 on the centre console, a small symbol appears to the right of the two vertical position indicators: At the same time the position display of the two central vertical bars switches for the duration of the actuation from the display of the current trim position to the current position of the rotary controls CTRL 7 + 8.
Using the transmitter for the first time Preliminary notes regarding the mx-16 HoTT transmitter For more information please visit our Internet site at www.graupner.de Preliminary notes RF ON/OFF? In theory the Graupner|SJ HoTT system permits the ON OFF simultaneous operation of more than 200 models. Within this period you can switch off the RF signal if However, in practice the mixed operation of different required by moving the black field to the right using the technical systems in the 2.
Updating the transmitter firmware ently using them incorrectly. This means that any servos connected to these channels will simply “stay put” at their centre position until a transmitter control is assigned to the channel in question. For the same reason virtually all the mixers are inactive by default. For more details of this please refer to page 86 (fixed-wing model) or 88 (helicopter).
of the download file initially tells you whether firmware updates are present, and the version numbers of the relevant firmware files also change. Press the ENTER key of the PC or laptop once more, and the page you require will appear: If you now use the mouse to move your browser’s lateral scroll bar down a little, you will see the tabs “Features”, “Replacement parts”, “Accessories” and “Downloads”.
• 1. 2. 3. transmitter battery before you carry out any update. For safety’s sake recharge it and back up all occupied model memories, so that you can restore them if anything goes wrong. The connection between the transmitter and the PC or laptop must not be interrupted during the update process, so please ensure that there is reliable contact between the transmitter and the computer. Unpacking the program package Unpack the file “HoTT_Software_VX.zip” into a convenient folder.
Note: At any time you can call up an explanation of any step in the form of Quick-Info by positioning the mouse pointer over a number. If you have not already done so, connect your transmitter to the PC or laptop at this point. Now click on the button marked “File Browse” and select the firmware update file matching your transmitter in the “Open file” dialogue which now appears; the file suffix will be “bin”.
Restoring the transmitter’s firmware „Emergency“ program Restoring the mx-16 HoTT transmitter software If a transmitter firmware update should fail, or if the transmitter software “hangs” (in which case you may not be able to switch the transmitter off using the “POWER” switch), then you can restore the earlier firmware using the “Emergency” program segment.
Using the receiver for the first time Preliminary notes regarding the GR-16 receiver For more information please visit the Internet at www.graupner.de. Receiving system about one second. The mx-16 HoTT radio control set includes a GR-16 Servo connections and polarity 2.4 GHz bi-directional receiver which is suitable for conThe servo sockets of Graupner|SJ HoTT receivers are nection to a maximum of eight servos. numbered.
Please note the following: Resetting the receiver resets ALL the settings stored in the receiver to the default settings, with the exception of the binding information! If you carry out a RESET by mistake, this means that you will have to restore all the receiver settings entered using the Telemetry menu. On the other hand, a deliberate RESET is particularly useful if you wish to “re-house” a receiver in a different model, as it represents an easy method of avoiding the transference of unsuitable settings.
Firmware update of the receiver Firmware updates for the receiver are carried out using the telemetry socket on the side of the receiver, in conjunction with a PC running Windows XP, Vista or 7. For this you require the optional USB interface, No. 7168.6 and the optional adapter lead, Order No. 7168.6S. The software and files also required for the process can be found in the Download area for the corresponding product at www.graupner.de. Note: Once you have registered your transmitter at https:// www.
dialogue which now appears; the file suffix will be “bin”. In the case of the zip file “HoTT_Software_VX” which you have already downloaded and unpacked, this will usually be found in the folder whose name starts with the Order Number of the receiver to be updated. If your receiver is the GR-16 which is supplied in the set as standard, this would be the folder “33508_8CH_RX”. The file appears in the associated window.
reached, switch the receiver power supply off and repeat the update procedure, i.e. carry out each of the steps described above once more. If you accidentally attempt to load a version of the firmware which is correct, but older than the one currently in the receiver, the screen will display a corresponding warning: Unless you really want to load older firmware, click on “No” with the mouse, and load the correct *.bin file using the “File Browse” button. Finally you MUST initialise the receiver, i.e.
For your notes 49
Backing up receiver settings The “Receiver Setup” segment of the program “Firmware_Upgrade_grStudio” can be used to save all the data programmed in the receiver in a file on your computer, so that you can transfer the data set back into the receiver in an emergency; this eliminates the need to re-program the receiver using the “Telemetry” menu, as would otherwise be necessary. We recommend that you call up the “Receiver Setup” program from the “Firmware_Upgrade_grStudio” program.
the process is complete, this message appears: the Download area for the mx-16 on the Graup ner website. • A separate manual for the whole “Firmware_Upgrade_grStudio_Ver-X.X” program package is in preparation, and will be updated constantly as soon as new options are available. Click on “OK” to close the window. You can now reset the receiver to the default settings, as mentioned earlier and described on page 44.
Installation Notes Installing the receiver Regardless of which Graupner receiving system you are using, the procedure is always the same: Please note that the receiver aerials must be arranged at least 5 cm away from all large metal parts and leads which are not attached or connected directly to the receiver. This includes steel and carbon fibre components, servos, fuel pumps, cables of all sorts, etc.
Receiving system power supply A reliable power supply is one of the basic essentials for reliable model control. Free-moving pushrods, a fullycharged battery, battery connecting leads of adequate cross-section, minimal transfer resistance at the connectors etc.
Two-cell LiPo battery packs For a given capacity LiPo batteries are lighter than NiMH batteries. To protect them from mechanical damage LiPo batteries are also available in plastic hard-case housings. Moreover LiPo batteries only have a limited ability to be fast-charged, and generally do not survive such a high number of charge / discharge cycles as is claimed for other batteries, such as Nanophosphate® types. The comparatively high nominal voltage of 7.
For your notes 55
Definition of terms Control functions, transmitter controls, function inputs, control channels, mixers, switches, control switches To make it easier for you to understand the mx-16 HoTT manual, the following section contains definitions of many terms which crop up again and again in the remainder of the text.
Assigning switches and control switches The basic procedure At many points in the program there is the option of using a switch (SW 1 … 9) or a control switch (G1 … 3; see below) to operate a function, or to switch between settings, such as the DUAL RATE / EXPO function, flight phase programming, mixers and more. The mx-16 HoTT allows you to assign several functions to a single switch.
Digital trims Description of function, and Ch 1 cut-off trim 58 Digital trims 1. Fixed-wing models The Ch 1 trim features a special cut-off trim which is designed for glowplug motors: you initially use the trim lever in the usual way to select a reliable idle setting for the motor. If you now move the Ch 1 trim lever to its end-point in the direction of “motor cut-off”, pushing the lever in a single movement, a marker appears on the screen in the last position.
For your notes 59
Fixed-wing model aircraft This program provides convenient support for normal model aircraft with up to two aileron servos and two flap servos, V-tail models, flying wings and deltas with two elevon (aileron / elevator) servos and two flap servos. The majority of power models and gliders belong to the “normal” tail type with one servo each for elevator, rudder, ailerons and throttle or electronic speed controller (airbrakes on a glider).
Receiver socket assignment for models with up to two ailerons and two flaps, plus “normal” tail type, V-tail, and two elevator servos (3 + 8) 8 = 2nd elevator / aux. function 7 = Right flap / reserve 6 = Flap / left flap / reserve 5 = Right aileron / reserve Receiver battery Switch harness Installation notes The servos MUST be connected to the receiver outputs in the following order: Outputs not required are simply left vacant.
Receiver socket assignment for models of the “Delta / Flying wing” type, with up to two flaps 8 = Auxiliary function 7 = Right flap / reserve As there are several possible combinations of servo orientation and control surface linkage, you may find that the direction of rotation of one or more servos is incorrect. Use the following table to solve the problem.
For your notes 63
Model helicopters The continued development of model helicopters and helicopter components, such as gyros, speed governors, rotor blades etc., has led to the current position where helicopters are capable of sophisticated 3-D aerobatics. In contrast, if you are a beginner to helicopter flying, you need a simple set-up so that you can quickly get started on the initial stages of hovering practice, and then gradually learn to exploit all the options provided by the mx-16 HoTT.
Note for modellers upgrading from earlier Graupner systems: Compared with the previous receiver channel sequence, servo socket 1 (collective pitch servo) and servo socket 6 (throttle servo) have been interchanged. The servos must be connected to the receiver output sockets in the order shown at bottom right. Outputs not required are simply left vacant. For more information on the different types of swashplate, please refer to the “Base settings” menu described on page 82 / 83.
Detailed description of programming Reserving a new memory If you have already read through the manual to this point, you will undoubtedly have made your first attempt at programming the system already. Even so, it is important to describe each menu here in detail, to ensure that you have comprehensive instructions for each application you are likely to encounter. In this section we start with setting up a “free” model memory prior to “programming” a new model: #01 5.6V 0:00h stop flt M 0:00 0:00 HoTT 0.
button of the right-hand touch-key briefly in confirmation. This initialises the selected model type for the model memory you have just selected, and you can now start programming your model in this memory. It is now only possible to change this memory to a different model type if you first erase the model memory (“Model memory” menu, page 70).
position of the throttle limiter CTRL 6. For both model types this situation only changes once you have carried out the appropriate assignments in the “Transmitter control settings” menu. If you wish to use a newly initialised model memory, then this MUST first be “bound” to a (further) receiver before any servos connected to the receiver can be controlled from the transmitter. For more information on this please refer to the “Binding” section on pages 80 and 88.
For your notes 69
Model memories Calling up a model, erasing a model, copying model model The section on pages 24 and 25 explains the basic method of using the buttons, while the previous two double-pages explains how to move to the Multi-function list and reserve a new model memory. At this point we wish to start with the “normal” description of the individual menu points in the sequence in which they occur on the transmitter itself.
Caution: The erasure process is irrevocable. All data in the selected model memory is reset to the factory default settings. Note: If you wish to erase the currently active model memory in the basic display, you will be required to define the model type “Helicopter” or “Fixed-wing” immediately. However, if you erase a non-active model memory, then the message “free” appears in the Model select menu.
model 01 ULTIMATE SD-CARD expor t ? NO YES You can interrupt the process with NO; if you do this, you are returned to the starting screen. However, if you select YES with the button, and confirm your choice by touching the SET button, then the selected model is copied to the SD card. Notes: • If the warning … SD-CARD INSERT OK … appears instead of a model selection, there is no SD card in the card slot; see page 22.
are returned to the starting screen. However, if you use the button to select YES, and confirm your choice by touching the SET button, then the selected model is imported into the selected model memory. Notes: • If the warning … SD-CARD INSERT OK … appears instead of a model selection, there is no SD card in the card slot; see page 23.
Base settings Basic model-specific settings for fixed-wing model aircraft Before you start programming specific parameters, some basic settings must be entered which apply only to the currently active model memory. Select the “Base settings” (basic model settings) menu using the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key, then touch the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key: base sett. contr set.
“idle fr.”: “idle re.”: “no”: „no/inv“ The idle position of the throttle / airbrake stick (C1) is forward, i. e. away from the pilot. The throttle warning message “Throttle too high”, see page 36, and the – following – option “cut off” are activated. In the “Wing mixer” menu the “Brake NN *” mixers and the option “CH8 delay” are disabled. The idle position of the throttle / airbrake stick (C1) is back, i. e. towards the pilot.
when the servo position first falls below the switching threshold (max. +150%). The speed controller or throttle servo remains at this motor OFF position until you operate the selected switch again, and use the throttle / brake stick to move the throttle servo or speed controller beyond the pre-programmed switching threshold.
„V-tail“: „Delt/FlW“: „2elev sv“: is operated by one servo. The elevator and rudder functions are operated by two control surfaces set in a V-shape, each controlled by a separate servo. The two-way coupling function for the rudder and elevator control systems is automatically carried out by the transmitter software. If necessary, the ratio of rudder travel to elevator travel can be adjusted in the “Dual Rate” menu (page 102).
buttons of the right-hand touch key (CLEAR). Switching between “count-up” and “count-down” Count-up timer (stopwatch function) If you assign a switch and start the stopwatch with the initial value of “0:00”, the timer runs up until the maximum of 180 minutes and 59 seconds, then re-starts at 0:00.
switches assigned to phase 3 or 4 is also closed, or phase 3, if the switches assigned to phases 3 and 4 are closed. • As a result you may wish to take the inherent phase priorities into account when assigning names to the flight phases; see below. • At the servo end the transition does not occur “abruptly”, but with a fixed transition period of about one second.
“Binding” multiple receivers to one model If necessary, it is possible to bind more than one receiver to a single model. This is accomplished by initially binding the receivers individually, as described in the next section. When operating the system, please note that only the receiver which was bound last will establish a telemetry link to the transmitter.
phase 3 phase 4 receiv out rx bind range test speed landing ––– 6 R08 99sec When you start the range-check, the transmitter’s output power is significantly reduced, and the blue LED on the aerial base starts to flash. At the same time the time display on the transmitter screen starts counting down, and a double beep sounds every five seconds. From five seconds before the end of the range-check you will hear a triple beep every second.
Base settings Basic model-specific settings for model helicopters Before you start programming specific parameters, some basic settings must be entered which apply only to the currently active model memory. Select the “Base settings” (Basic model settings) menu using the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key, and press the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key: mod.mem. ser vo set. D/R expo free mixer ser vo disp fail-safe base sett. contr set. heli mixer swashp.
buttons of the right-hand touch-key: “1 servo”: The swashplate is tilted by one roll servo and one pitch-axis servo. Collective pitch is controlled by one separate servo. The “Swashplate mixer” menu point is suppressed in the multi-function menu if you select “1 servo” as the swashplate type. This is because model helicopters with only one collective pitch servo are controlled WITHOUT transmitter mixers for the swashplate functions collective pitch, pitch-axis and roll.
line of the “Base settings” menu, you can make use of the “Motor stop” option by assigning a physical switch to it. When the switch is operated, the speed controller or throttle servo move to a pre-set position, i.e. the throttle setting of the speed controller is reduced, or the carburettor control (throttle) servo moves to the motor OFF position (or idle position). The motor OFF (or idle) position is entered in the lefthand column above the “SEL” field; the optimum setting must be found experimentally.
the original value once you have stored the switching threshold. Direction of rotation of main rotor STARLET mod name stick mode 1 3sv(2rol) swashplate cut off –125% +100% 1 right rotor direct In the “Rotor direction” line you enter the direction of rotation of the main rotor using the arrow buttons of the right-hand touch-key, after briefly pressing the central SET button: “right”: the main rotor spins clockwise as viewed from above. “left”: the main rotor spins anti-clockwise as viewed from above.
timer Two timers are shown in the basic display: one stopwatch and one flight timer. STARLET #02 5.6V 0:00h stop flt M 0:00 0:00 HoTT 0.0V A physical switch or a control switch - e. g. the control switch G3 located on the throttle limiter - can be assigned to these two timers in the “Timers” line … 3sv(2rol) swashplate cut off –125% +100% 1 right rotor direct pitch min rear timer 0:00 ––– the right-hand touch-key (CLEAR).
Note: A count-down timer is indicated in the basic display by a flashing colon (:) between the minutes field and the seconds field. Phase 2 / Phase 3 You will automatically be in the “normal” flight phase 1 unless you have already assigned a switch to phases 2 or 3. Both the number and name of this flight phase are fixed permanently as “normal”, and cannot be changed. For this reason the “normal” phase is simply concealed, i. e. it is not displayed as phase 1.
cess from virtually any menu position by simultaneously touching the and buttons of the left-hand touchkey - refers exclusively to the “control channels”, i. e. the outputs are NOT swapped over. S S S S S 1 2 3 4 5 output output output output output 1 2 3 4 5 Use the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key to select the servo / output combination you wish to change, then touch the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key.
touch-key within this period of about three seconds: this initiate the binding process between a receiver and the current model memory. At the same time the word “BINDING” starts flashing in the frame of the “rx bind” line on the screen, instead of the three “---”: phase 2 phase 3 autorotat.
cur in a typical flight. To ensure safe operation of the model, the range must always be at least fifty metres on the ground. Caution: Never initiate a range-check when you are actually operating a model! RF transmit In this menu line you can manually switch the transmitter’s RF transmission on and off again for a specific model for the period that the transmitter is currently switched on. For example, you might wish to do this to save power when demonstrating the programming of a model.
For your notes 91
Servo settings Servo direction, centre, travel S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 rev 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% cent 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% trav + In this menu you can adjust parameters which only affect the servo connected to a particular receiver output, namely the direction of servo rotation, neutral point and servo travel. Always start with the servo setting in the left-hand column.v Basic procedure: 1. Use the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key to select the relevant servo (1 to 8).
Column 4 “- Servo travel +” In this column you can adjust servo travel symmetrically or asymmetrically (different each side of neutral). The adjustment range is 0 … 150% of normal servo travel. The reference point for the set values is the setting in the “Centre” column. To set symmetrical travel, i. e.
Transmitter control settings Basic procedures for assigning transmitter controls and switches I5 I6 I7 I8 free free free free +100% +100% +100% +100% +100% +100% +100% +100% tr v + In addition to the two dual-axis stick units for the control functions 1 to 4, the mx-16 HoTT is fitted as standard with a range of supplementary controls: • Two three-position switches: SW 4/5 or CTRL 9 and SW 6/7 or CTRL 10. These are assigned in this menu as “CTRL 9” and “CTR 10” respectively.
will find in the “Transmitter control settings” menu as “Control 9” and “Control 10”, provide a centre position in addition to the two end-points. Simultaneously pressing the or buttons of the right-hand touch-key (CLEAR) with the switch assignment activated - see illustration above - resets the input to “free”.
Transmitter control settings Basic procedures for assigning transmitter controls and switches I5 thr gyr I8 lim free free free free ctrl 6 +100% +100% +100% +100% +100% +100% +100% +100% +100% +100% tr v + In addition to the two dual-axis stick units for the control functions 1 to 4, the mx-16 HoTT is fitted as standard with a range of supplementary controls: • Two three-position switches: SW 4/5 or CTRL 9 and SW 6/7 or CTRL 10. These are assigned in this menu as “CTRL 9” and “CTR 10” respectively.
or 9). Note that the rotary proportional controls are not detected until they have moved a few “ratchet clicks”, i. e. they need to be operated for slightly longer. If the travel is not sufficient for the transmitter to detect it, move the control in the opposite direction. If you assign one of the two-position switches, then this control channel works like an On / Off switch. It is then possible to switch to and fro between two end-point values using this simple switch, e. g. motor ON / OFF.
Important: In contrast to servo travel adjustments, changing the transmitter travel setting affects all mixer and coupling inputs derived from it, i. e. in the final analysis all the servos which can be operated using the associated transmitter control.
Throttle limit function “Lim” input By default the “lim” input is assigned to the rotary proportional control CTRL 6, which is located at top left on the transmitter: I5 thr gyr I8 lim 3 +100% +100% free +100% +100% ctrl 7 +100% +100% free +100% +100% ctrl 6 +100% +100% tr v + This pre-defined assignment eliminates the need to program two flight phases - “with idle-up” and “without idle-up” - as are often used by other radio control systems for this purpose, since the method of raising the system rotatio
ch1 input output point 3 thr +50% +50% +50% To complete this basic set-up you still have to adjust the idle trim range to coincide with point “1” of the throttle curve. This is accomplished by setting point “1” of the “Ch 1 throttle” mixer in the “Heli mixer” menu to a value of about +15 to +18%: ch1 Note: Since the throttle trim lever has no effect when the throttle limiter is open, its position is not relevant at this point.
For your notes 101
D/R Expo Switchable control characteristics for aileron, elevator and rudder Use the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touchkey to leaf through to the “D/R Expo” menu point of the multi-function menu: mod. mem. ser vo set. D/R expo wing mixer ser vo disp fail-safe base sett. contr set.
Caution: For safety reasons the Dual Rate value should always be at least 20% of total control travel. Examples of different Dual Rate values: normal DUAL EXPO 2 2 ––– Simultaneously touching the or buttons of the right-hand touch-key (CLEAR) resets an altered value in the highlighted input field to 0%.
D/R Expo Switchable control characteristics for roll, pitch-axis and tail rotor roll nick tail 100% 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% DUAL EXPO ––– ––– ––– The Dual Rate / Expo function provides a means of switching to reduced control travels, and influencing the travel characteristics, for the roll, pitch-axis and tail rotor servos (control functions 2 … 4).
Examples of different Dual Rate values: Servo travel EXPO 2 2 ––– Stick deflection Examples of different Expo values: Exponential function If you wish to switch between two settings, use the button of the left or right-hand touch-key to move to the right-hand column, marked at the bottom edge of the screen with the switch symbol , then briefly touch the central SET button and assign a switch to the function, as described in the section “Assigning switches and control switches” on page 57.
Phase trim Flight phase-specific trims for flaps, ailerons and elevator If you have not assigned a switch to phases 2, 3 and 4 in the “Base settings” menu, i. e. you have not assigned switches to these alternative phases, you automatically remain in flight phase 1 - “normal”. The number and name (“normal”) of this flight phase are permanently assigned, and cannot be altered. For this reason the “normal” phase is not stated as Phase 1 “normal” in the “Base settings” menu; it is simply concealed.
P H A S E T R I M normal 0% 0% 0% takeoff 0% 0% 0% speed 0% 0% 0% thermal 0% 0% 0% FLA AIL ELE Note: In this menu you will have at least one control function (ELE), and a maximum of three functions (ELE, AIL and FLA), available for phase-specific trim settings, depending on the settings you have entered in the “Aileron / flap” line of the “Base settings” menu (see page 77).
What is a mixer? Fixed-wing mixers The basic function In many models it is often desirable to use a mixer to couple various control systems, e. g. to link the ailerons and rudder, or to inter-connect a pair of servos where two control surfaces are actuated by separate servos.
Notes: • There are various alternative methods of positioning the camber-changing flaps; these include: a) settling on just one position per flight phase, simply by setting appropriate trim values in the “Phase trim” menu, as described on the preceding double-page; b) controlling the flaps manually using any transmitter control assigned to “Input 6” (in the “Transmitter control settings” menu - see page 94), after setting the basic flap positions in the “Phase trim” menu, as described earlier.
have to be “designed in” when the model is built, and the degree of differential cannot be altered subsequently. In any case significant mechanical differential tends to cause additional slop in the control system. Electronic differential offers several important advantages: 0% (normal) 50% (differential) 100% (split) It is easily possible to vary the degree of differential without affecting the travel of the up-going aileron.
ail flaps (Aileron flap) This mixer feeds a variable amount of the aileron signal into the flap channel. When an aileron command is given, the flaps “follow” the ailerons, although usually through a smaller angle, i. e. the mixer ratio is generally less than 100%. The adjustment range of -150% to +150% allows the user to set up the flap direction to match that of the ailerons. The flaps should not deflect more than about 50% of the (mechanical) travel of the ailerons.
provides elevator trim to counteract any unwanted pitch trim change and maintain the model’s airspeed at a safe level. This is necessary to avoid the danger of the model slowing up excessively; if the landing approach is started too soon, and has to be extended by retracting the airbrakes again, the model could then stall abruptly. This inter-action between the flaps, ailerons and elevator is used to control the glide angle on the landing approach.
flap aile (Flap aileron) This mixer causes a variable proportion of the flap signal to be mixed in with the aileron channels 2 and 5 so that the ailerons follow the movement of the flaps, albeit normally with a smaller deflection. The adjustment range is +/- 150%. For this mixer the “usual” settings are around 50%. Simultaneously pressing the or buttons of the right-hand touch-key (CLEAR) resets an altered value to 0%.
Helicopter mixers Flight phase-specific mixers for collective pitch, throttle and tail rotor In the “Base settings” menu a method of switching flight phases can be activated by assigning the appropriate switches to “Phase 2”, “Phase 3” and “Auto-rotation”. You can then switch between the phases “normal” and a second and third phase - to which you can assign more appropriate names yourself, if necessary - using one of the non-centring switches SW 2 … 8; a further switch then selects “Auto-rotation”.
4. Simultaneously pressing the or buttons of the right-hand touch-key (CLEAR) resets an altered value to the default value. 5. Touch the central SET button of the right-hand touchkey to conclude the input process.
ch1 thro Points “1” and “5”, however, CANNOT be disabled. Note: The following illustration, and all the other pictures on this page, show a control curve which we prepared for illustration purposes only.
Typical throttle curves for different flight phases: +100% Output Output +100% Output +100% 0% 0% 0% 1 2 3 4 Control travel Hover 5 1 2 3 4 Control travel Aerobatics 5 1 2 3 4 Control travel 3D 5 Notes on using the “Throttle limit” function: • We strongly recommend that you make use of the throttle limit function (“Transmitter control settings” menu, page 99).
Ch1 tail rotor Ch1 input output point 3 normal (static torque compensation) CH1 tail input output point 3 normal 0% 0% 0% The default setting is a torque compensation curve with a uniform linear mixer input of 0%, as is required for a gyro sensor operating in “heading lock mode”; see illustration above.
Adjusting the gyro sensor If you wish to set up a gyro to achieve maximum possible stabilisation of the helicopter around the vertical axis, please note the following points: • The mechanical control system should be as freemoving and accurate (slop-free) as possible. • There should be no “spring” or “give” in the tail rotor linkage. • You must use a powerful and - above all - fast servo for the tail rotor.
Adjusting the throttle and collective pitch curves A practical procedure Note: The hover point should always be set to the centre position of the throttle / collective pitch stick. Idle setting and throttle curve Note: Since electric power systems by their nature require no idle setting, it is not necessary to adjust the idle value. However, the matching of the throttle and collective pitch curve(s) must still be carried out as described here, in a similar way to a glow-powered helicopter.
OUTPUT 0% 3 4 Control travel Hover point 0% 1 2 3 4 Control travel 5 2. The model lifts off below the centre point. +100% OUTPUT a) Rotational speed too high Remedy: on the “Ch 1 throttle” graphic page, reduce the throttle opening by reducing the value at Point 3.
This diagram only shows the change in the hover point, i. e. collective pitch minimum and maximum have been left at -100% and +100% respectively. OUTPUT +100% 100% 1 2 3 4 Control travel 5 Continue adjusting these settings until you really do achieve constant main rotor speed over the full control range between hover and climb.
For your notes 123
Helicopter mixers Auto-rotation settings Auto-rotation allows full-size and model helicopters to land safely in a crisis, i. e. if the power plant should fail. It can also be used if the tail rotor should fail, in which case cutting the motor and carrying out an auto-rotation landing is the only possible way of avoiding a highspeed uncontrollable rotation around the vertical axis, invariably terminating in a catastrophic crash. And that is the reason why switching INTO auto-rotation occurs with zero delay.
For practice, then, you should set the value in this line so that the motor runs at a reliable idle during autorotation, but without the clutch engaging, so that you can open the throttle immediately to recover from an emergency; for an electric helicopter the motor should be reliably “off”. Tail rotor (static torque compensation) For normal flying the tail rotor is set up in such a way that it compensates for motor torque when the helicopter is hovering.
General notes regarding freely programmable mixers The two menus “Fixed-wing mixers” and “Helicopter mixers”, as described on the preceding pages, contain a wide range of ready-programmed coupling functions. The basic meaning of mixers has already been explained on page 108, together with the principle on which they work.
Free mixers Linear mixers Regardless of the selected model type, three linear mixers are available for each of the twenty model memories, with the additional possibility of setting up non-linear characteristic curves. In this first section we will concentrate on the programming procedure for the first screen page. We will then move on to the method of programming mixer ratios, as found on the second screen page of this menu. The basic programming procedure 1.
Erasing mixers If you need to erase a mixer that you have already defined, use the arrow buttons of the left or righthand touch-key to select its line, then use the arrow buttons to move to the “from” column before touching the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key. The field in the “from” column of the mixer to be erased is now highlighted: simultaneously touch the two arrow buttons or of the right-hand touch-key (CLEAR).
Mixer ratios and mixer neutral point Now that we have explained the wide-ranging nature of the mixer functions, we can move on to the method of programming linear and non-linear mixer curves. For each of the three available mixers the mixer curves are programmed on a second page of the screen display.
MIX1 tr v offs 6 el 0% 0% 0% STO SEL The dotted vertical line indicates the position of the mixer neutral point (“offset”), i. e. that point along the control travel at which the mixer has NO influence on the channel connected to its output. By default this point is set to the centre position. However, in our example the neutral (retracted) position of the flaps is located at the left-hand end-stop of the rotary proportional control, and in this position the elevator must not be affected.
MIX1 6 el tr v +20% +20% offs 0% STO SEL Asymmetrical mixer ratios For many applications it is necessary to set up different mixer values on either side of the mixer neutral point. Start by resetting the offset of the mixer used in our example (“6 el”) to 0%, as shown in the picture above. Now use the arrow button of the left or righthand touch-key to select the ASY field, and then touch the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key.
Swashplate mixers Collective pitch, roll and pitch-axis mixers MIX1 8 1 SP – MIXER ptch roll nick tr v +25% +25% offs 0% +61% +61% +61% SYM ASY In the “Swashplate” line of the “Base settings” menu you have already defined the number of servos which are installed in your helicopter to provide collective pitch control; see page 82. With this information the transmitter software automatically superimposes the functions for roll, pitch-axis and collective pitch as required, i. e.
Servo display Use the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key to leaf through to the “Servo display” menu point of the multi-function menu: mod.mem. ser vo set. D/R expo wing mixer ser vo disp fail-safe base sett. contr set. phase trim free mixer basic sett telemetr y Open the menu point by touching the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key.
Basic settings Use the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key to leaf through to the “basic settings” menu point of the multi-function menu: mod. mem. ser vo set. D/R expo wing mixer ser vo disp fail-safe base sett. contr set. phase trim free mixer basic sett telemetr y Touch the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key to open the menu point: Batt type Batt warning Touch Sense Contrast Display light RF Countr y Voice volume Beep volume Ni-MH 4.
#01 stop flt 0:00 0:00 M HoTT 5.5V 5.2V 3:33h This is accomplished by selecting the “Contrast” line using the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key: Batt type Batt war ning Touch Sense Contrast Display light Ni-MH 4.
Fail-Safe FAIL SAFE Pos hold 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Delay 0.25s STO The inherently higher operational security of the HoTT system compared with classic PPM technology is due to the ability of the HoTT receiver’s integral micro-processor to process the signals from “its” transmitter exclusively, and also to process any “dirty” control signals which it picks up.
Telemetry The “Telemetry” menu provides a means of calling up receiver settings, and settings for any telemetry sensors connected to the system, and programming them in real-time. The transmitter is linked to the receiver via the downlink channel which is an integral feature of the HoTT receiver. If Y-leads are used, a maximum of four sensors can be connected to the Telemetry sockets of the following receivers; this assumes that the current firmware is loaded: GR-12S HoTT (Order No.
SETTING & DATA VIEW Telemetry The menus grouped together under the overall heading “Telemetry” are called up from the basic display of the mx-16 HoTT transmitter by holding the central ESC button of the left-hand touch-key pressed in for about one seconds. An alternative method of calling up this menu, which also applies to the transmitter’s other menus, is to briefly press the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key in the multi-function list: mod. mem. ser vo set.
L.R-VOLT Lowest receiver operating voltage since the last power-on, in Volt SENSOR1 Shows the values of the optional telemetry sensor 1 in Volt and °C SENSOR2 Shows the values of the optional telemetry sensor 2 in Volt and °C Signal quality (S-QUA) The signal quality (S-QUA) is sent “live” to the transmitter via the receiver’s downlink channel, and shows the signal strength in %. Receive performance (S-dBm) The receive performance (S-dBm) is displayed as a negative value, i. e.
RX SERVO RX SERVO OUTPUT CH: REVERSE : CENTER : TRIM : LIMIT– : LIMIT+ : PERIOD : 01 OFF 1500µsec –000µsec 150% 150% 20msec Before you carry out any programming at this screen display be sure to read the information on page 137.
regard. The default setting for the HoTT receiver is “HOLD” mode. If interference should occur with hold-mode in force, and if you are very lucky, the model aircraft will fly straight ahead for an indefinite period and then “land” somewhere or other without causing major damage. However, if the interference strikes in the wrong place and at the wrong time, then a power model could become uncontrollable and tear wildly across the flying field, endangering pilots and spectators.
For each selected OUTPUT CH (receiver servo socket) you can choose between: • FAI(L) SAFE If interference occurs, the corresponding servo moves to the position displayed in the “POSITION” line for the duration of the interference, after the “delay time” set in the “DELAY” line. • HOLD If interference occurs, a servo set to “HOLD” maintains the position last assessed as correct for the duration of the interference.
RX FAIL SAFE OUTPUT CH: 06 INPUT CH: 04 MODE : OFF F.S.POS. : 1670µsec DELAY : 0.75sec FAIL SAFE ALL: NO POSITION : 1670µsec RX FAIL SAFE OUTPUT CH: 07 INPUT CH: 04 MODE : OFF F.S.POS. : 1230µsec DELAY : 0.75sec FAIL SAFE ALL: NO POSITION : 1670µsec RX FAIL SAFE OUTPUT CH: 04 INPUT CH: 01 MODE : FAI-SAFE F.S.POS. : 1500µsec DELAY : 0.75sec FAIL SAFE ALL: NO POSITION : 1500µsec In this case servo socket 04 would respond in accordance with the Fail-Safe settings for CH 01.
Program description: Telemetry menu RX CURVE RX CURVE CURVE1 CH TYPE CURVE2 CH TYPE CURVE3 CH TYPE : : : : : : 02 B 03 B 04 B Value Explanation CURVE1, 2 or 3 CH Channel assign 1 … according to ment of the selec receiver ted curve setting TYPE Curve type TYPE A Expo = –100% DR = 125% Possible settings A, B, C see illustration TYPE C Expo = +100% DR = 70% Servo travel +100% 0 Servo travel +100% 0 –100% TYPE B linear –100% RX WING MIXER TAIL TYPE The following model types are also availa
A: EXPO = -100% and DUAL RATE = 125% The servo responds slowly to stick movements around the neutral position, but the curve becomes steeper with increasing control travel. B: Linear setting The servo follows the stick movement with a linear response. C: EXPO = +100% and DUAL RATE = 70% The servo responds slowly to stick movements around the neutral position, but the curve becomes steeper with increasing control travel.
ALL MAX (Servo travel on the “+” side) In this line you can set the maximum servo travel for the servo test on the plus side of control travel. 2000 μs corresponds to full travel, 1500 μs corresponds to the neutral position. Ensure that the servos do not strike their mechanical end-stops during the test routine. ALL MIN (Servo travel on the “-” side) In this line you can set the maximum servo travel for the servo test on the minus side of control travel.
The receiver servo sockets are addressed in sequence; this is recommended for use with analogue servos. At this setting the servos are automatically operated at a frame rate of 20 ms (30 ms with the twelve-channel receiver, Order No. 33512) - regardless of what is set or displayed in the “PERIOD” line of the “RX SERVO” display. • SAME RX SERVO TEST ALL–MAX : 2000µsec ALL–MIN : 1000µsec TEST : START ALARM VOLT : 3.
• SUMI (Sum signal IN). RX SERVO TEST ALL–MAX : 2000µsec ALL–MIN : 1000µsec TEST : START ALARM VOLT : 3.8V ALARM TEMP+: 55°C ALARM TEMP–:–10°C CH OUT TYPE:SUMI Note that the signal only ever moves in one direction: towards the SUMI. However, if reception fails, the receiver defined as SUMI only uses the sum signal coming from the SUMO if at least one channel at the SUMI is programmed to Fail-Safe.
RX SERVO TEST ALL–MAX : 2000µsec ALL–MIN : 1000µsec TEST : START ALARM VOLT : 3.8V ALARM TEMP+: 55°C ALARM TEMP–:–10°C CH OUT TYPE:ONCE Now use the Select button of the left or right-hand touch-key to switch to the displays for the selected sensor, where you can check or alter its settings as described in the instructions supplied with the sensor.
SENSOR SELECT When you select the desired menu line using the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key … TELEMETRY SETTING & DATA VIEW SENSOR SELECT RF STATUS VIEW VOICE TRIGGER … and then briefly press the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key, the selected sub-menu opens: SENSOR SELECT RECEIVER GENERAL MODULE ELECTRIC AIR.
RF STATUS VIEW After you select the desired menu line using the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key … TELEMETRY SETTING & DATA VIEW SENSOR SELECT RF STATUS VIEW VOICE TRIGGER … a brief press on the central SET button of the righthand touch-key opens the selected sub-menu. This visualises the quality of the connection between transmitter and receiver: R100% S 90% TD 40 E 10 RD 51 4.8VC 4.8VM 0123456789ABCDE Top row: Bottom row: Receive performance of channels 1 … 75 in the 2.
VOICE TRIGGER Once you have selected the appropriate menu line using the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand four-way button … TELEMETRY SETTING & DATA VIEW SENSOR SELECT RF STATUS VIEW VOICE TRIGGER … and then pressed the central SET button of the righthand four-way button, the selected sub-menu appears: VOICE TRIGGER REPEAT 10SEC ––– TRIG ––– VARIO ––– TRANSMITTER RECEIVER GENERAL MODULE ELECTRIC AIR.MOD.
VOICE TRIGGER REPEAT 10SEC TRIG VARIO TRANSMITTER RECEIVER 3 1 7 … then briefly press the central SET button of the righthand four-way button to open the selected sub-menu: VOLT: MODELTIME: BATTERYTIME: STOPWATCH: RUNTIME: In this menu you can activate ( ) or disable ( ) the chosen speech output after using the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand four-way button to select the desired line, followed by a brief press of the central SET button of the right-hand four-way button: VOLT: MODELTIME: BATTE
Trainer Mode Connecting two transmitters for trainer mode operations using a Trainer lead Use the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key to leaf through to the “Trainer” menu point of the multifunction menu: ser vo set. D/R expo wing mixer ser vo disp fail-safe teach/pupi contr set. phase trim free mixer basic sett telemetr y info disp ser vo set. D/R expo free mixer ser vo disp fail-safe teach/pupi contr set. heli mixer swashp.
NER / teacher” as soon as a switch is assigned. The model to be controlled by the pupil must be programmed completely in a model memory of the mx16 HoTT Teacher transmitter, i. e. with all its functions including trims and any mixer functions. The HoTT receiver in the model must also be “bound” to the Teacher transmitter, since it is this transmitter which actually controls the model in Pupil mode - even in Trainer mode operations. The mx-16 HoTT Teacher transmitter MUST ALWAYS BE SWITCHED ON FIRST.
• The Pupil transmitter must always be operated in PPM mode, regardless of the type of RF link between the Teacher transmitter and the model. • If the Pupil transmitter is connected using a DSC socket, then you should ALWAYS leave the Pupil transmitter’s On / Off switch at the “OFF” position, as this is the only way to ensure that the Pupil transmitter module does not generate an RF signal even when the DSC lead is plugged in.
Trainer mode operations with the mx-16 HoTT transmitter Due to the constant expansion of our range of products please visit the Internet at www.graupner.de for the latest information. mx-16 HoTT Teacher transmitter mx-16 HoTT Pupil transmitter Trainer lead, Order No. 4179.1 Trainer lead, Order No. 3290.8 Trainer lead, Order No. 4179.1 Trainer lead, Order No. 3290.
Wireless HoTT system The mx-16 HoTT Trainer system can also be operated by wireless means. In this case the Teacher transmitter is “connected” to a Pupil transmitter as described in the following section. However, the trainer model must first be bound to the PUPIL transmitter. This configuration is possible between transmitters which feature the “BIND:” option in the “Trainer” menu. Preparations for Trainer mode operations Teacher transmitter The trainer model must be programmed completely, i. e.
–P T TRAINER/Teach TRAINER/Pupil TRAINER/Pupil P T –P T 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SW: ––– BIND: N/A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 N/A SW: ––– BIND: Teacher transmitter Up to eight of the Teacher transmitter’s (“Teacher”) transmitter control functions can be transferred to the Pupil transmitter (“Pupil”), either individually or in any combination.
First initiate the “BINDING” process at the Pupil transmitter by briefly pressing the central SET button of the right-hand four-way button … TRAINER/Pupil –P T TRAINER/Pupil –P T 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SW: ––– BIND: BINDING … and immediately afterwards that of the Teacher transmitter: TRAINER/Teach P T 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SW: 9 BIND: BINDING As soon as this process is concluded, both screens display “ON” instead of the flashing message “BINDING”: TRAINER/Teach P T 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SW: 9 BIND: ON 160 Program de
GRAUBELE #01 RFC–Teach 5.2V 2:22h 0:00 stop flt 0:00 «normal » HoTT P 5.5V … then this indicates that the Pupil signal has also been lost, but the Trainer transfer switch is in the “Teacher” position. In either situation your first recourse should be to reduce the distance between the two transmitters. If this does not help, land the model immediately, and seek the cause.
Info Display Date, time, transmitter ID and memory card Use the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key to leaf through to the “Info” menu point of the multifunction menu: ser vo set. D/R expo wing mixer ser vo disp fail-safe teach/pupi contr set. phase trim free mixer basic sett telemetr y info disp ser vo set. D/R expo free mixer ser vo disp fail-safe teach/pupi contr set. heli mixer swashp.
Time SD card ABCDEF12 RFID 1.11 firmware ver. 2011/03/11 (FRI) date 11:22:33s time 0MB SD-CARD If necessary, you can select this line, and the minutes field, using the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key. A brief press on the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key activates the corresponding value field, and you can then adjust the hours or minutes using the arrow buttons of the right-hand touch-key.
mx-16 HoTT programming techniques Preparation, using a fixed-wing model aircraft as an example Programming model data into an mx-16 HoTT … … is easier than it might appear at first sight. There is one basic rule which applies equally to all programmable radio control transmitters, and not just to the mx-16 HoTT: if the programming is to go “smoothly” and the systems work as expected, the receiving system components must first be installed correctly in the model, i. e.
of the model’s settings. As your piloting skills improve and you gain experience, it is very likely that you will feel the need to try out refinements such as expanded control systems, and to cater for these requirements you may find that the text deviates from the obvious order of options, or that one or other of the options is mentioned more than once.
First steps in programming a new model Example: non-powered fixed-wing model aircraft When programming a new model you should start by activating the … “select model” sub-menu (page 70) … in the “Model memory” menu. Use the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key to select a free model memory … 01 02 03 04 05 06 free free free free free R08 … then touch the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key.
1/2FL”, and in the “Wing mixer” menu the mixer “Brake NN*”, plus all mixers “from” and “to” flaps, are activated. The warning message “Throttle too high” - see pages 36 and 67 - and the “Motor stop” option in the “Basic settings” menu are disabled. • “none/inv”: The brake system is “retracted” at the back position of the throttle / brake stick; the “Ch8 delayed” option and the “Brake NN*” mixers in the “Wing mixers” menu are activated.
Once you have completed the settings described thus far, a fixed-wing or powered model aircraft (the latter if you enter the idle direction of the throttle stick in the “Motor at Ch 1” line of the “Base settings” menu) will, in principle, fly. However, there are no “refinements” in this set-up, and it is the refinements which will give you more long-term pleasure in your flying.
scribed previously, or as part of the braking arrangement in a butterfly (crow) system, then you should always enter a value for “Diff.-Red.” (“differential reduction” - see page 113) - selecting 100% is the safe option here! Differential reduction means that aileron differential is suppressed proportionally only when you operate the airbrake stick. The purpose of this is to increase the down-going aileron travel on the landing approach, with the aim of improving aileron response.
Including an electric power system when programming a model your speed controller to receiver output 8, moving to the … “Base settings” menu, (pages 74 … 81) … and setting the “Ch8 delayed” option to “no”: An electric power system can be controlled in various ways: The simplest method of including such a power plant in a model program is to use the throttle / brake stick (Ch 1).
Example 2 Using a two-position switch, SW 2, 3 or 8 This variant implements a pure ON / OFF function, and results in the motor starting “abruptly” … unless the speed controller you are using features what is known as a “soft start” function. At the receiving end you need either a simple electronic switch or - if you want a smoother motor start - a suitable speed controller.
Controlling the electric motor and butterfly (crow) system using the Ch 1 stick “Servo settings” menu S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 rev 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% cent (page 92).
“Servo settings” menu S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 rev 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% cent (page 92) 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% trav + … and reverse the direction of servo 1. For safety’s sake you should check this setting now, before you continue with the programming procedure. Take the transmitter and model to a location where it is safe to run the motor. Switch the transmitter on, and move the Ch 1 stick to the motor “OFF” position, i. e. either fully forward or back.
1 –100 % 2 0% 3 0% 4 0% 5 0% 6 0% 7 0% 8 0% Note: If you carry out this test with the receiving system and power system switched on, please take great care that you operate the change-over switch only in the “motor OFF” position! If you ignore this, there is a danger that the power system will be severely overloaded by being switched on abruptly, and it could even suffer damage.
Operating the timers using the Ch 1 stick or a switch SW 1 … 9 If, following on from the model programming described on the preceding pages, you have decided on Example 4 from the previous page, or you are using the Ch 1 stick (throttle / brake stick) to control motor power - independently of this programming example - then you can use the associated control switch to turn the stopwatch on and off automatically.
Using flight phases Within any of the twenty model memories you can program up to four different flight phases (states of flight), each incorporating settings which can be entirely different from the others. Each flight phase can be called up by means of a switch. Flight phases represent the simplest and most convenient method of switching between different model settings in flight, and are programmed for different stages of a typical flight, such as “normal”, “thermal”, “speed”, “distance” etc.
Programming example: servos running in parallel In some cases a second servo is required to run in parallel with an existing servo; for example, if a second elevator or rudder is to be actuated by a separate servo, or where a second servo is needed to cope with very high control forces, or where two servos are required for a large control surface due to the high forces involved. This task could be solved simply by connecting both servos together in the model using a conventional Y-lead.
Programming example: Delta / flying wing On page 164, where the section on fixed-wing model programming starts, you will find general notes regarding the installation and set-up of the RC system in a model, and - of course - this applies equally to deltas and flying wings. The information on test-flying and refining the settings is also relevant, including the section on programming flight phases.
range of wing mixers which the software makes available. If you select the “Delta / flying wing” tail type, the software automatically superimposes the elevator and aileron functions. In this case the mixer ratios can be adjusted by varying the Dual Rate settings in the “D/R / Expo” menu (see page 102). If you select “Delta / flying wing”, all settings of the “NN * elev” wing mixers in the … “Fixed-wing mixers” menu diff aile.
“Free mixers” menu M1 M2 M3 (pages 127 … 132) tr tr el el ?? 5 6 ?? typ fro to … and setting up one linear mixer “Tr elev 5”, and - if necessary - “Tr elev 6”. Move to the graphic page of this menu to set the required mixer ratios. Check the settings, and above all the direction of effect, in the “Servo display”, or on the model itself, and change the prefixes if necessary.
For your notes 181
Programming example: F3A model aircraft F3A models belong to the category of powered fixedwing model aircraft designed for competition flying. They may be powered by an internal combustion engine or an electric motor. Electric-powered models are eligible and totally competitive in the international F3A “pattern” class, and also in the F5A electric aerobatic class. fixed-wing models we have already described. The auxiliary function “Retracts” is usually assigned to one of the auxiliary channels 6 to 8.
stick mode 1 motor at C1 idle re. cut off –100% +150% 9 tail type normal aile/flap 2aile The remaining settings should be adjusted as required to suit your personal preferences. You may find it necessary to assign transmitter controls to particular inputs to operate the retractable undercarriage and carburettor mixture adjustment. This is carried out in the … “Transmitter control settings” menu (page 94).
Example of MIX 1: MIX1 c1 5 tr v –66% 0% offs 0% SYM ASY This completes the basic set-up for a typical F3A model. Correcting model-specific errors It is an unfortunate fact of life that even very carefully built models exhibit minute faults and inaccuracies which produce unwanted deviations when the model is flying; the mixers of a computer radio control system are then needed to compensate for these deficiencies.
“FAIL-SAFE settings” We strongly recommend that you make use of the safety potential of this option by at least setting the throttle position (glow-powered models) to idle, or the electric motor to stop, if a fail-safe event should be triggered. This simple precaution ensures that the model is much less likely to create havoc and cause property damage or personal injury.
Programming example: model helicopter In this programming example we assume that you have already read and understood the descriptions of the individual menus, and are by now familiar with the general handling of the transmitter. We also assume that you have assembled and adjusted the helicopter exactly according to the kit instructions. The electronic facilities provided by the transmitter should never be used to compensate for major mechanical inaccuracies.
“Base settings” menu (pages 82 … 82) This is accomplished by moving to the “rx bind” line: phase 2 phase 3 autorotat.
recourse is to reverse the servo directions in the “Servo settings” menu. Note: Please note one important difference in later Graupner mc and mx radio control systems compared with earlier equipment: the first collective pitch servo and the throttle servo have been interchanged.
“Auto-rotation” line using the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key, briefly touching the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key, and then moving one of the two-position switches (SW 2 or 8) to the “ON” setting. The switch number (in our example “2”) now appears on the right of the screen. pitch min timer phase 2 phase 3 autorotat.
about 2°. This gives slightly more pitch for flaring the model when practising “autos” at a later (!) date. Once you have set up the collective pitch curve, operate the auto-rotation switch again, then briefly touch the central ESC button of the left-hand touch-key to return to the helicopter mixer menu select point. Now we move on to the “Ch1 thro” line, where you can set up the throttle curve. The first step here is to enter the idle trim range by adjusting the throttle curve.
ptch ch1 thro tail ch1 gyro inp8 normal I5 thr gyr I8 lim 0% 0% Please be sure to read and observe the set-up instructions supplied with your gyro at this point, as there is a possibility that your helicopter will be uncontrollable if you set it up incorrectly! If your gyro features gain control from the transmitter unlike the type we are using in this example - you will need another free proportional control for it, e. g. CTRL 7.
throttle, and stops again when you move the limiter back to the idle range. Suggested refinement: speed governor At some time you may wish to install a speed governor (regulator) in your helicopter, e. g. the mc-Heli-Control, to try flying with a system rotational speed which is automatically maintained at a constant value. It makes sense to couple the individual rotor speeds with the flight phases, as this enables you to carry out further fine-tuning.
For your notes 193
Appendix PRX (Power for Receiver) Order No. 4136 Graupner|SJ HoTT GPS / Vario module Order No. 33600 Graupner|SJ HoTT Vario module Order No. 33601 A highly developed stabilised receiver power supply with intelligent power management. The unit constitutes a stabilised user-selectable power supply for the receiver, and provides a further enhancement in the reliability of the airborne power supply.
Graupner|SJ HoTT General Engine Module Order No. 33610 Graupner|SJ HoTT General Air Module Order No. 33611 Graupner|SJ HoTT Electric Air-Module Order No. 33620 General sensor for Graupner|SJ HoTT receivers and models with internal-combustion or electric power system: • 2 x temperature and voltage measurements with warning thresholds for min. and max. voltage and min. and max. temperature • Individual cell measurement with min.
Graupner|SJ HoTT magnetic rev-count sensor Order No. 33616 Graupner|SJ HoTT Smart-Box Order No. 33700 Graupner|SJ HoTT USB interface Order No. 7168.6 For connection to the General-Engine module (Order No. 33610), General-Air module (Order No. 33611) or Electric-Air module (Order No. 33620). The number of blades must be selected beforehand in the module’s Telemetry menu.
mx-12 HoTT - No. 33112, mx-16 HoTT - No. 33116, mx-20 HoTT - No. 33124, GR-12 HoTT - No. 33506, GR-16 HoTT - No. 33508, GR-24 HoTT - No. 33512 2 Geräteklasse: V1.7.
FCC Information Graupner|SJ mx-16 HoTT #33116 FCC ID: ZGZ-mx-16-20 FCC Label Compliance Statement This device complies with Part 15C of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. This device may not cause harmful interference. 2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Guarantee certificate Servicestellen / Service / Service après-vente Graupner-Zentralservice Graupner GmbH & Co. KG Henriettenstrasse 94 - 96 D-73230 Kirchheim Servicehotline (+49) 0 18 05 47 28 76* Montag - Freitag 9:30-11:30 + 13:00-15:00 Uhr Belgie/Belgique/Nederland Jan van Mouwerik Slot de Houvelaan 30 NL 3155 Maasland VT (+31) 10 59 13 59 4 Luxembourg Kit Flammang 129, route d’Arlon L 8009 Strassen (+35) 23 12 23 2 Ceská Republika Slovenská Republika RC Service Z.
H O P P I N G . T E L E M E T R Y . T R A N S M I S S I O N GRAUPNER GMBH & CO. KG POSTFACH 1242 D-73220 KIRCHHEIM/TECK GERMANY Modifications and availability reserved. Graupner products are only available through model shops. We will gladly inform you of your nearest stockist. We accept no liability for printing errors. www.graupner.de Printed in Germany PN.
