BRAZING AND SOLDERING Turn to the SERVICEMAN’S GUIDE Pros
BRAZING WORKSHOP Individuals who desire further training in correct soldering, brazing, and welding procedures should consider attending The Harris Products Group’s brazing workshop. This two-day, comprehensive course, conducted by The Harris Products Group’s Technical Staff, covers fundamentals of torch brazing. The course combines classroom discussion with hands-on metal joining experience including basic metallurgy, base metals, filler metals, equipment, technique, and safety.
FOREWORD Brazing is a metal joining process utilizing a filler metal that melts above 840ºF and below the melting point of the base metals. The filler metal is drawn into the joint by capillary attraction producing a sound, leak-proof connection. The above sentences briefly describe a process that is an integral part of manufacturing, installing, and repairing refrigeration and air conditioning systems.
PROCEDURES FOR BRAZING PIPE AND TUBING PROCEDURES FOR BRAZING PIPE AND TUBING CUT TUBE SQUARE. PERFORM PROPER FLUXING Cut to the exact length required using a tube cutter or hacksaw. If a hacksaw is used, a sawing fixture should also be used to ensure square cuts. Remove all inside and outside burrs with a reamer, file, or other sharp edge scraping tool. If tube is out of round, it should be brought to true dimension and roundness with a sizing tool.
PROCEDURES FOR BRAZING PIPE AND TUBING PROCEDURES FOR BRAZING PIPE AND TUBING HEATING THE JOINT AREA. ADJUST TORCH FLAME OXYGEN/ACETYLENE For most brazing jobs using oxy-acetylene gases, a slightly carburizing or neutral flame should be used. The neutral flame has a well defined inner cone. Avoid an oxidizing flame. Always keep the torch in short motion.
PROCEDURES FOR BRAZING PIPE AND TUBING PROCEDURES FOR BRAZING PIPE AND TUBING APPLY THE BRAZING ALLOY. NITROGEN PURGE Feed the alloy into the joint between the tube and the fitting. Only after the base metals have been heated to brazing temperatures should the filler metal be added. At that time, the flame may be deflected momentarily to the tip of the filler metal to begin the melting process.
TROUBLESHOOTING FOR BRAZING PIPE AND TUBING TROUBLESHOOTING FOR BRAZING PIPE AND TUBING The art of brazing is relatively simple, and the rules of common sense apply. Occasionally, however, things do go wrong, and the brazing process fails to do its job satisfactorily. The check lists below have been prepared to assist in such instances. They are intended to provide practical tips on what to what to look for and steps to correct them.
PRODUCTS & SPECIFICATIONS 14 THE HARRIS PRODUCTS GROUP www.harrisproductsgroup.com PH: 513-754-2000 PH: 513-754-2000 THE HARRIS PRODUCTS GROUP www.harrisproductsgroup.
RING OF FIRE™ RING OF FIRE™ ORDERING INFORMATION PART # DESCRIPTION SIZE RF15250 SS15 - 1/4” Joint Ring x 25 pkg. 1/4” RF15375 SS15 - 3/8” Joint Ring x 25 pkg. 3/8” Ring of Fire™ is the perfect alternative to any brazing project. It’s easy to use, provides a consistent braze every time and meets the same high standards expected from Harris. RF15500 SS15 - 1/2” Joint Ring x 25 pkg. 1/2” RF15625 SS15 - 5/8” Joint Ring x 25 pkg. 5/8” RF15750 SS15 - 3/4” Joint Ring x 25 pkg.
STAY-BRITE® SILVER-BEARING SOLDERS STAY-BRITE® SILVER-BEARING SOLDERS Extremely versatile, Stay-Brite® silverbearing solders are widely used throughout the industry as a better-than-brazing method in many situations. Stay-Brite silver bearing solders were introduced to the air conditioning industry more than 40 years ago. ® Today, Stay-Brite is the most used of all solders. ® STAY-BRITE® JOINT vs.
COMMON LEAD-FREE SOLDERS BRIDGIT® LEAD-FREE SOLDER COMMON WIRE SOLDERS FOR TIN-LEAD BRIDGIT® TIN-LEAD 50/50, 40/60, 60/40 A patented, high-performance, lead-free solder developed by The Harris Products Group in response to the Federal ban on the use of lead solders in drinking water systems. This lead-free solder is specially formulated to fill both tight and loose-fitting connections.
SAFETY-SILV® HIGH SILVER BRAZING ALLOYS ESTIMATING BRAZING ALLOY AMOUNTS SAFETY-SILV® ESTIMATING AMOUNTS OF BRAZING ALLOYS REQUIRED The Harris Products Group manufactures its complete line of cadmium-free, high silver brazing alloys with the same attention to quality found in their phosphorus / copper products. Only the purest metals are used. Precision production procedures ensure consistency in product quality and performance.
STAY-SILV® PHOS-COPPER BRAZING ALLOYS STAY-SILV® PHOS-COPPER BRAZING ALLOYS HARRIS® 0 Low-cost alloy for many copper-to-copper applications where good fit-up can be maintained and brazing temperature is not critical. STAY-SILV® 5 AND STAY-SILV® 6 Medium-range alloys, Stay-Silv® 5 is useful primarily where fit-up cannot be tightly controlled. Stay-Silv® 6 is slightly more fluid and can be used where closer tolerances are available. Both alloys are somewhat more ductile than Harris® 0.
ALUMINUM ALLOYS BRAZING AND SOLDERING ALUMINUM Aluminum can be soldered or brazed if the correct procedure is followed. Pre cleaning is essential to break up the tough aluminum oxide film. Thorough brushing with a stainless steel wire brush is recommended. Most common aluminum alloys such as 1100 and 3003 can be readily soldered or brazed. It should be noted that some alloys are difficult to join. Dissimilar metal connections may be subject to galvanic corrosion in certain service conditions.
SAFETY-SILV® HIGH SILVER BRAZING ALLOYS SOLDERS Safety-Silv®56 Safety-Silv®45 (Flux-Coated) 50/50 Stay-Brite® 60/40 Safety-Silv®40 STAY-BRITE® SOLDERS SAFETY-SILV® 56 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION SPECIFICATIONS SOLIDUS LIQUIDUS 56 % Ag 22 % Cu 17 % Zn 5% Sn AWS A5.8 BAg-7 NSF 51 1205°F 652°C 1145°F 618°C TYPICAL APPLICATION For ferrous and nonferrous alloys. Often used to braze stainless steel for use with food equipment materials.
CHARTS FLUXES FLUXES DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATION ACTIVE TEMP STAY-SILV® WHITE BRAZING FLUX Meets Federal Spec. (OF499,Type B AWS A5.31) Class FB3-A AMS 3410 1050-1600°F (565 - 870° C) Meets Federal Spec. (OF499,Type B AWS A5.31) Class FB3-C AMS 3411 1050 -1700°F (565 - 926°C) Meets Commercial Spec. A-A-51145 Type II Form B 300 - 700°F (148 - 371°C) Meets Commercial Spec.
PHOS-COPPER BRAZING ALLOYS DESCRIPTION CHEMICAL COMPOSITION SPECIFICATIONS SOLIDUS LIQUIDUS TYPICAL APPLICATION STAY-SILV® 15 15% Ag 5% P 80% Cu AWS A5.8 BCuP-5 1190°F 643°C 1475°F 802°C Designed primarily for copper to copper brazing application, it may also be used in brazing brass with the use of Stay-Silv® brazing flux. 5% Ag 6% P 89% Cu AWS A5.8 BCuP-3 1190°F 643°C 1500°F 816°C Well suited where close fit-up cannot necessarily be maintained.
FILLER METALS SELECTION CHART METALS TO BE JOINED SOLDERS BRAZING FILLER METALS Stay-Brite® Stay-Brite® 8 Bridgit ® COPPER OR BRASS FLUIDITY RATING* LIQUIDUS 430°F / 221°C 430°F / 221°C 460°F / 238°C 430°F / 221°C 535°F / 279°C 630°F / 332°C 10 8 6 1178°F / 637°C 1310°F / 710°C 1190°F / 643°C 1190°F / 643°C 1190°F / 643°C 1190°F / 643°C 1247°F / 674°C 1475°F / 802°C 1500°F / 816°C 1465°F / 796°C 1425°F / 774°C 1480°F / 804°C 7 5 3 3 5 3 430°F / 221°C 430°F / 221°C 430°F / 221°C 535°F / 279°C
HEATING EQUIPMENT HEATING EQUIPMENT HARRIS INFERNO® HARRIS PORT-A-TORCH® Harris Inferno® air-fuel equipment allows for soldering and brazing of a variety of tube sizes. Equipment attaches to a B (40 cu. ft.) or MC (10 cu. ft.) acetylene cylinder. The Harris Port-A-Torch® contains all the quality equipment needed for cutting, welding and brazing packaged in a rugged, molded plastic carrying case. The outfit is designed to carry one MC acetylene cylinder and one 20 cu. ft. oxygen cylinder.
NOTES: PH: 513-754-2000 THE HARRIS PRODUCTS GROUP www.harrisproductsgroup.
The Harris Products Group 4501 Quality Place, Mason, OH 45040-1971 513-754-2000 THE HARRIS PRODUCTS GROUP www.harrisproductsgroup.com PH: 513-754-2000 40www.harrisproductsgroup.
