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Neuron.book Seite ii Montag, 23.
Neuron.book Seite i Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Table of contents Welcome to the family! 1 The Neuron Team 2 Copyright 2 The manual ... 3 Style conventions 3 Icons 4 Specified use 5 Safety first - notes on safety 5 Get yourself connected 8 Unpacking / standard accessories 8 Setting up 8 Neuron’s connectors and ports 9 Before cabling up ... 9 A word on audio quality ...
Neuron.book Seite ii Montag, 23.
Neuron.book Seite iii Montag, 23.
Neuron.book Seite iv Montag, 23.
Neuron.book Seite 1 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Welcome to the family! As you get to know Neuron, you will come across a range of innovative functions. Many of these are the fruits of a Herculean development effort, and a goodly share has been implemented for the first time in an electronic musical instrument. I am certain that you will soon come to appreciate the depth and breadth of neural synthesis; its sonic potential is, in fact, tremendous.
Neuron.book Seite 2 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 2 The Neuron Team The Neuron Team Thanks to: • Software: Engine: Stephan Sprenger, Prosoniq Products Software UI Soft, Bios: Josef Pogadl (Management), Jürgen Fornoff UI Hard, Bios: Puschmann Engineering, Marcus Werner • Hardware implementation: Schlafhorst Electronics GmbH, Dr. Hans-Georg Nowak (Management) • Project Management: Josef Pogadl, Axel Hartmann, Arnd Kaiser.
Neuron.book Seite 3 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 The manual ... Our Quick Start Guide starts on page 16 . Its purpose is to give the eager synthesist who wants to dive right into the Neuron pool a friendly shove. If all you had needed was more reading material, you would have bought Bukowski’s collected works or Keith Emerson’s biography but not a neural synthesizer. ... and for not quite so professional pros We are well aware that reading operating manuals is a pain.
Neuron.book Seite 4 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 4 Icons In order to describe how to use the navigation stick located next to the main display in as few words as possible, we use the following shortcuts: Stick.down means that you should move the stick down once in order to perform the given operation. Stick.up/left/right means move the stick in the given direction. Icons Our couch potatoes will accompany you through this manual: You will find couch potatoes lounging about all over the book.
Neuron.book Seite 5 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Specified use Safety first - notes on safety Neuron® is a neural synthesizer to be used exclusively for generating low-frequency audio signals for creating sounds. Any other use is improper and prohibited. Hartmann GmbH is not liable for inappropriate or improper use of the device and such use voids the manufacturer’s warranty. The following guidelines are crucial to your safety and the longevity of the device.
Neuron.book Seite 6 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 6 Safety first - notes on safety • CAUTION Lethal electrical shock hazard! • • • • • Never use faulty mains, audio, or other connecting cords. If the included mains cord is damaged or lost, use a suitable replacement cord only. In countries in which the included mains cord cannot be used, turn to a qualified specialist for help. Never connect the device to a socket that is unsuitable, damaged or improperly installed.
Neuron.book Seite 7 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Safety during operation • Ensure the device is set up in a stable, level position. • Make sure that no objects make their way into the device’s interior. If this does occur, switch the device off immediately and pull the mains plug. Do not open the device. Take it to an authorized service center and have a qualified technician remove the foreign object.
Neuron.book Seite 8 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 8 Unpacking / standard accessories Get yourself connected Unpacking / standard accessories After unpacking, inventory the standard accessories. The package should contain • Neuron, • a mains cord (suitable for your country's outlets), • this operating manual (sad stab at a joke), • and the registration card with warranty.
Neuron.book Seite 9 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Neuron’s connectors and ports The connector panel is located on the left side of the device! That is a nice touch because your audience can admire the handsome Hartmann trademark – a very distinctive on button – rather than a rat’s nest of cords. The ports are shown in detail in the illustrations on the following pages. stereo; better yet, in surround mode! Read the comments on master volume on page 35. Before cabling up ...
Neuron.book Seite 10 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 10 Stereo setup, surround setup, headphones Stereo setup, surround setup, headphones Outputs: 3x Stereo L, R or Surround Front, Back, Center/Sub: • Mono: Use the right channel of stereo output 1. • Stereo: Effects are routed through stereo output 1 only; outputs 2 and 3 remain dry. You can patch every sound of any setup to one of the three stereo outputs (out setup parameter), including the volume and pan settings for that sound.
Neuron.book Seite 11 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 External controllers: Footswitches and pedals Control 4:You can connect a continuous controller of any type and polarity here. In the controller menu, you can define up to four functions for the pedal (see page 165). In the default setting, control 4 adjusts the volume of both resynators. MIDI controller number: 11 ("expression"). Switch: Port designed to take a footswitch of any type (opener or closer) and polarity.
Neuron.book Seite 12 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 12 MIDI setup MIDI setup In: MIDI input. Neuron receives MIDI data from the MIDI output of a computer, MIDI keyboards, sequencer, or other MIDI controller via this input. Thru: This port receives the same signal as the in port. You can patch MIDI data "thru" to another MIDI device via this output. Out: All MIDI data generated in Neuron is sent to other MIDI-enabled devices via this MIDI output.
Neuron.book Seite 13 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Digital inputs/outputs, USB connection Digital In/Out: Digital audio input and output. Designed for loss-free audio data transfer, these are S/PDIF channels in coaxial format with a fixed sampling rate of 44.1 KHz (24 bits). The serial transfer format consists of the actual audio data as well as various other info and status bits, some of which enable copy protection.
Neuron.book Seite 14 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 14 Powering up (finally!) Let the games begin... Set up your gear as follows: Connect stereo output 1 (L/R) to the inputs of your mixer or audio interface. For purposes of MIDI control, connect the MIDI In/ Out ports in the standard manner used for other synthesizers. While the Neuron is booting (that is, loading all data required for operation), the main display reads To learn more about Neuron’s connections and interfaces, see page 8.
Neuron.book Seite 15 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Switching off We recommend that you have Neuron prompt you before it powers down; that is, set switch off to ask. To switch off Neuron (though we’re keen to know what reason you might have to ever shut Neuron down...), briefly press the handsome mains power switch.
Neuron.book Seite 16 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 16 Quick Start Guide Quick Start Guide Have you set up your gear at least in a rudimentary configuration, connected Neuron, and switched it on? Good; now, let us take you on a whirlwind tour. First let’s take a peek at Neuron’s modules: (1) Resynators (see the description on page 69). This is where the sonic revolution starts! Resynators are the interface between Neuron’s models and your creative powers.
Neuron.book Seite 17 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 If you cannot wait to find out the order and hierarchy of modules in the signal flow, check out page 43/44 where you will find a detailed diagram that should answer all your questions. exercise stick.down) until the Local parameter appears in the display: And now back to our guided tour. • The following Quick Start Guide caters for seasoned keyboardists and producers who have plenty of experience with synthesizers.
Neuron.book Seite 18 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 18 Quick Start Guide Exit/panic If you get lost in a menu, simply press the exit button located at the bottom right of the main display. Sound loader will reappear. Pressing and holding it activates the panic function, which restarts Neuron. The device reports back with the most recently selected sound or setup activated.
Neuron.book Seite 19 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 When you are checking out sounds, be sure to try on the controllers for size. This will give you a first impression of their amazing sound-shaping possibilities. Read "Free controllers" starting on page 162 to learn how to integrate controllers into the modulation matrix. You will find an in-depth explanation of resynators and all their parameters and control features as well as a bunch of tips on all key "how-to’s..." starting on page 69.
Neuron.book Seite 20 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 20 Quick Start Guide Please bear in mind that snapshots are not stored with the sound and that they are deleted when you change sounds. For this reason, make a habit of storing hip sounds immediately! Press the store button to save a sound. Then twist the knob to select the desired memory slot (or sound number). Scroll to the second line of the display using navigation stick.right. Fiddle with the knobs and navigation stick to assign a name (stick.
Neuron.book Seite 21 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 In Neuron, the MIDI global channel (as defined in the basic settings) applies exclusively to sound mode. The aforementioned settings apply in setup mode. Creating your own models You can load additional models or make your own models from samples to add to Neuron’s 200 factory models. This is done on an external computer (Mac or personal computer) rather than on Neuron.
Neuron.book Seite 22 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 22 The philosophy behind Neuron Neuron basics The philosophy behind Neuron Contemporary music productions have benefited from computer assistance for years now. Though computers have assumed the role of the actual recording equipment, they come in many other musical guises. Case in point: Where in the past synthesizers and samplers were made up of discrete electronic components, today they run as programs on a DSP (digital signal processor).
Neuron.book Seite 23 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 A short trip down memory lane Imitation gave way to innovation in the last decade or so when musicians began to see the tremendous creative potential that the all but forgotten classic synthesizers harbored. An explanation of the true breadth and depth of the concept behind Neuron requires a trip down memory lane to recap the history of electronic musical instruments and synthesizers.
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Neuron.book Seite 25 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 A new sonic dimension in the age of the remix A look at control features in general Neuron is an instrument of the remix era. Contemporary pop music no longer clings to the notion that musical sounds or themes must be newly developed or composed. Instead, music-makers mine the rich seam of our musical heritage for material; good ideas are recycled and developed further.
Neuron.book Seite 26 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 26 A look at control features in general Stick controller The resynators’ and silver module’s principal control features are stick controllers. The stick’s mushroom-like contours facilitate handling. A stick may be gripped with the thumb and (index) finger or guided by inserting a finger into a trough-like groove on its surface.
Neuron.book Seite 27 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 • When is calibration necessary? All sticks and aftertouch are factory calibrated so you do not have to do this under normal circumstances.
Neuron.book Seite 28 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 28 A look at control features in general • • Move the two resynator sticks, the silver module’s stick, and the stick labeled control 1 one after the other as described above. Because the control 1 stick also serves as a pitch controller, you can also calibrate its center position (pitch = 0). The idea is to prevent unintentional detuning when it is set to the zero position.
Neuron.book Seite 29 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Data input wheels (wheels) control also responds on the fly so that you can adjust values in individual incremental steps as well as sweep across greater value ranges. Envelopes are controlled using rotary encoder wheels and adjacent bar displays. This enables effective hands-on tweaking and swift access to all parameter values of entire groups of control features. What’s more, this approach to handling is ideal for ascertaining envelope settings.
Neuron.book Seite 30 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 30 A look at control features in general Note that Neuron is not endowed with a master menu that starts at a common root and extends throughout the modules. Instead, each module has its own menu that is accessed like this: • Press the menu button of the given module to call the most recently edited menu option into the main display.
Neuron.book Seite 31 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Neuron’s enter button Exit. But do not panic. For some menu options, pressing the knob has the same effect as pressing an enter key: When loading models, sounds and setups, first select the number (it appears in the display) by twisting the knob and then pressing the knob to confirm the selection. The desired data is then loaded. Press the exit button briefly to quit the current menu option.
Neuron.book Seite 32 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 32 Operating mode: Sound mode Operating modes Operating mode: Setup mode Neuron distinguishes between two operating modes: sound mode and setup mode. The latter you are probably familiar with – it has the same underlying concept as multimode. In setup mode or multimode, sounds created in sound mode are combined into setups. A setup may contain up to four sounds that can be played simultaneously. Neuron comes on line in sound mode.
Neuron.book Seite 33 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Further setup parameters Hierarchies: The Neuron memory model A setup consists of more than merely four sounds. It contains many other parameters, for example, the balance of levels between individual sounds, surround settings, and so forth. Though these parameters have a bearing on the sounds contained in a setup, they are only meaningful in the context of a setup. Like the food chain in the real world, Neuron is ordered in hierarchies.
Neuron.book Seite 34 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 34 Hierarchies: The Neuron memory model hard disk offers plenty of room to house many more models. The model files containing all sphere and scape parameters come in different sizes depending on complexity. But there is no reason to fret about hard disk real estate – there is plenty of acreage reserved for files. In the section "The idea behind Neuron models" starting on page 70 you will find out everything worth knowing about models.
Neuron.book Seite 35 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 This brings us to the very top of our hierarchy: Multimode-specific data is stored at the setup level. Each of the up to 512 setups that the setup database can hold contains the following information: • Name and number of the setup. • Numbers of the four sounds. • Volume level for every sound. • Transpose setting for every sound. • Detune setting for every sound. • MIDI channel for every sound. • Local on/off setting for every sound.
Neuron.book Seite 36 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 36 Fundamentals: Basic settings Fundamentals: Basic settings Neuron offers global parameters called basic settings that let you set the device up to suit your wishes and preferences. Basic settings have a bearing on the device as a whole rather than a single sound or setup. • Defining basic settings: Press the basic settings button located below the main display.
Neuron.book Seite 37 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 A look at basic settings Master tune Determines Neuron’s overall tuning by adjusting the reference frequency A3 (440 Hz). The value indicated for this parameter is an absolute value (that is, it is not offset). Value ranges from 400 to 480 Hz. Stick mode Determines the operating mode of stick controllers in the resynators and silver module.
Neuron.book Seite 38 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 38 Fundamentals: Basic settings ResyParReset Determines if default values are loaded into a resynator or the current values are retained when a model is loaded. Options: • Yes: Models are always loaded into the resynator with the default parameter values stored in the model database. • No: No models are loaded into the resynator with the default values. The currently defined values are retained in the newly loaded model.
Neuron.book Seite 39 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 VeloCurve Determines the dynamic response of the keyboard. Attack dynamics vary according to the selected velocity curve. Your options are: • Log2, Log1: Various types of logarithmic curves. • Linear (default setting): Linear curve, that is, the pressure you apply to the key dictates dynamic response. • Exp1, Exp2: Various types of exponential curves. • Fix32, Fix64, Fix96 and Fix127: No attack dynamics; instead response is fixed.
Neuron.book Seite 40 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 40 Fundamentals: Basic settings Aftertouch scale Defines a factor (threshold value) for the aftertouch scale. As the name would imply, "aftertouch" is the pressure applied to a key once it has been pressed. The keyboard determines how much force is applied, converts this value into an aftertouch command, and sends it to predefined destinations.
Neuron.book Seite 41 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Local Deactivates/activates Neuron’s synthesis engine via the keyboard as well as via controls 1 to 4, the footswitch, the sustain pedal and aftertouch. Local = Off: Neuron’s keyboard is disabled. It cannot address the internal synthesis engine; all controls are deactivated. Neuron can play incoming MIDI data or serve as a MIDI master keyboard.
Neuron.book Seite 42 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 42 Fundamentals: Basic settings Footswitch Defines the type of footswitch connected to the pedal/switch port (see page 11). Normally, Neuron identifies the connected switch on its own. If it fails to do this, you can enter the type using this parameter. Your options are open and close. MIDI controller number: 66. SustainPed Defines the type of footswitch connected to the pedal/sustain port (see page 11).
Neuron.book Seite 43 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Neuron’s modules Signal Flow The following two charts depict the Neuron’s signal. The gray arrows signify audio data; control data is white.
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Neuron.book Seite 45 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Module: Programmer Programmer is Neuron’s command and control center. It is your tool for managing sounds and setups. Use the numeric keypad with the up and down button to select setup and sound numbers and the store button to save sounds and setups. Programmer also offers extremely versatile snapshot and play/compare functions, which are described in detail on page 52.
Neuron.book Seite 46 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 46 Module: Programmer Programmer: Control features Programmer Numeric keypad Keypad for loading the desired sound (in sound mode) or setup (in setup mode). When you type in the three-digit number (where appropriate, preceded by zeros), all modules are set to the stored values. When loading a model into a resynator (see page 86), you can also type in the model number on the numeric keypad.
Neuron.book Seite 47 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Sound 1 to Sound 4 buttons Buttons for switching a sound on and priming it within a setup. The LED for the given sound button indicates its status. You can change the status by pressing the buttons repeatedly. LED lights up steadily: The sound is played with the current setup. LED off: The sound is muted in the current setup.
Neuron.book Seite 48 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 48 Module: Programmer Basic settings button Calls up the menu offering basic settings that let you set up the device according to your wishes and preferences. Basic settings have a bearing on the device as a whole rather than a single sound or setup. You will find a list of basic settings as well as instructions on how to define them on page 36. Exit/panic button This button has two functions: • The exit function facilitates navigation in the menus.
Neuron.book Seite 49 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Programmer: Programming sounds Sound parameters This section discusses all procedures required to program sounds in sound mode. Be sure also to read about the topic "Operating mode: Sound mode" starting on page 32. We will get into setup mode on page 58. Sound (sound loader) Used models This menu option shows the currently employed models of both resynators.
Neuron.book Seite 50 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 50 Module: Programmer How to start sound mode All the procedures described in the following section mandate that Neuron runs in sound mode. To this end, you may have to quit setup mode by pressing the setup button below the main display. The LED above the button does not light up when Neuron is set to sound mode. How to load a stored sound Start sound mode (see above).
Neuron.book Seite 51 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 • • • • • Then load other models into the resynators (see page 86) and change their parameters (page 87). Use the blender (page 93)! Use envelopes (page 110). Shape the sound using the mod module (page 117), the slicer (page 119), or the effects in the silver unit (page 123). Vary the sound’s pan settings or define the pan keytrack parameter in the sound menu (see page 49). • Press the red programmer store button.
Neuron.book Seite 52 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 52 Module: Programmer • Use the navigation stick and the knob as described above to change each character in the name line. Snapshots and the play/compare function After you have named your baby, confirm the storage process by pressing the rotary knob. The display reads S a v i n g . . . for a moment and returns to the most recently active menu at the end of the storage process.
Neuron.book Seite 53 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Up to 50 snapshots can be saved in a temporary buffer. Snapshots vanish into the digital ether when you switch sounds, store the sound, or switch Neuron off! If you take more than 50 snapshots, stored snapshots are overwritten automatically starting with number 1. How to use the play/compare function Press the play/compare button to switch back and forth between two modes.
Neuron.book Seite 54 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 54 Module: Programmer snapshots and load the desired shot by pressing the knob. Neuron exits compare mode automatically (LED extinguishes) and the current sound setting data is overwritten by the stored snapshot data.
Neuron.book Seite 55 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Copying from one sound to another Example: How to copy parameter values from one sound to another When copying from one sound to another, data is always copied from the selected source sound to the currently loaded sound. In the following example, we will copy the resynator 1 settings of sound 010 to sound 032. If the source and destination numbers are identical, Neuron loads data stored in the sound database, overwriting the current settings.
Neuron.book Seite 56 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 56 Module: Programmer • Twist the knob to select the desired source data: Example: How to copy data in the current sound from resynator 1 to resynator 2 In the following example, we will copy resynator 1’s current settings to resynator 2 within sound 010. • Press enter. All resynator 1 source data is copied from sound 010 into resynator 1 of the current sound. Then you can immediately copy another data record using the knob or stick.
Neuron.book Seite 57 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 • Stick.right to access the "Where" selection list. Select the destination within the current sound via knob; in our example this is resynator 2. • Press copy/paste in programmer. The copy/ paste menu’s most recently edited option appears in the display. • Press enter. All data is copied from resynator 1 to resynator 2 within the current sound. • Stick.down to access the reset function. The selection list appears in line 2.
Neuron.book Seite 58 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 58 Module: Programmer Programmer: Programming setups Before we dive right into programming, look at the following chart. It recaps basic information on the topic of "Operating mode: Setup mode" starting on page 32. You can combine up to four sounds in setup mode. In stereo mode, sounds can be routed freely to the three stereo outputs (along with the „wet“ or effects signal).
Neuron.book Seite 59 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Setup menu Button Setup Stick.down and stick.up in the usual fashion to scroll through the various menu options. SetUp SetUp_name Snd 1 5< The four sounds in the setup are displayed side by side for every menu option (with the exception of the surround parameters). The cursor < indicates which sound you are currently editing with the knob. The name of this sound also appears in the first line of the display. 0 No.
Neuron.book Seite 60 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 60 Module: Programmer ... Continued from previous page ...
Neuron.book Seite 61 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Setup parameters Local Deactivates/activates Neuron’s synthesis engine via the keyboard as well as via controls 1 to 4, the footswitch, the sustain pedal and aftertouch. Snd Numbers of the sounds contained in the current setup. Vol Sets the volume levels for the individual sounds within the setup. Value range: 0 to 127. Transp Transposes the individual sounds within the setup in semitone steps. Value range: -48 to +48.
Neuron.book Seite 62 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 62 Module: Programmer Pan Positions the sound in the stereo panorama. Silver Value range: -64 to +63. This is best explained by an example: Say individual silver settings are stored for each of the four sounds within a setup. Say also that you are satisfied with each sound when you hear it in isolation, but in the context of the entire setup, you find a given effect too puny or too mighty.
Neuron.book Seite 63 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Reverb Surround Stk Ani Determines the reverb send amount for the individual sounds. The master effects module processes the composite signal of all four sounds, meaning that the reverb settings apply to all sounds within a setup. This parameter lets you determine the send amount for each sound individually. Surround FrLeft Determines the amount or level of each sound in the left front surround channel. Value range: 0 to 127.
Neuron.book Seite 64 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 64 Module: Programmer Surround BkRight Determines the amount or level of each sound in the right rear surround channel. Value range: 0 to 127. Default 63. Note that this parameter is the inverse of the parameter for the left front channel: Surround BkRight + Surround FrLeft = 127. Values < 63: Cuts the subwoofer channel’s level. Values > 63: Boost. Determines the amount or level of each sound in the left rear surround channel.
Neuron.book Seite 65 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 How to start setup mode All the procedures described in the following section require that Neuron is running in setup mode. To start this mode, press the setup button located below the main display. The LED above the button lights up when Neuron is in setup mode. • How to load a setup Start setup mode as described above. Setup loader appears in the main display along with the number and name of the currently loaded setup.
Neuron.book Seite 66 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 66 Module: Programmer Example: Press sound 2. Dial in the desired sound number using the knob and confirm with enter (press the knob). Stick.left and stick.right to move the cursor so that you can load sounds to the other positions in the setup. How to prime a sound for editing within a setup The aforementioned sound 1 to 4 buttons also serve to do this.
Neuron.book Seite 67 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 • For example, say you have edited sound 3 and want to store sound 3 under another name and number. Select sound 3 using the knob. • Confirm your selection via enter. • How to program a setup You have two options for programming a setup: either load a previously programmed setup and change the settings as desired or generate a new setup by loading a "fresh" number and begin assigning the sounds.
Neuron.book Seite 68 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 68 Module: Programmer • The current setup number or name appears in the main display. • Twist the knob to select the number under which you want to store the setup. The name of the setup currently stored under this number appears. Note that this setup will be overwritten! Name the new setup: Stick.right the navigation stick to access the first character in the display’s second line.
Neuron.book Seite 69 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Module: Resynator The philosophy behind resynators You are sure to be familiar with the term "resynthesis". It has certainly been on musicians’ and sound designers’ minds for many years. For good reason: This brand of synthesis harbors tremendous sound design potential.
Neuron.book Seite 70 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 70 Module: Resynator The idea behind Neuron models While the classic analog synthesizer offers just a few basic waveforms for purposes of sound generation, the resynator features a sophisticated sound model at this bottom-line level of sound shaping. The underlying principle is comparable to that of many modern-day PCM synthesizers that use samples rather than basic waveforms.
Neuron.book Seite 71 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Scape and sphere The first time you fire up the synthesis engine, it will dawn on you what astonishing sound-shaping possibilities the stick controllers in the resynators offer! Every model is subdivided into two parameter regions called scape and sphere. A scape puts all parameters associated with the formative qualities of a sound at your disposal, for example, the vibrations of vocal cords, or a string.
Neuron.book Seite 72 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 72 Module: Resynator The two resynators in Neuron... Pitch, volume and parameter modulation Neuron features two resynators of identical design. Models may be selected freely for each resynator. The volume of every resynator output as well as pitch and every scape and sphere level’s opposite parameter pairs can be modulated via the mod module’s LFO.
Neuron.book Seite 73 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Resynator: Control features On/Off buttons On/off switch for the resynator. Pressing this button can mute each resynator. Stickcontroller Neuron is a synthesis instrument designed specifically to let you get fast results. That is why it affords swift, efficient and intuitive access to parameters. This is particularly evident in the resynator. The stick controller lets you tweak up to four parameters simultaneously.
Neuron.book Seite 74 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 74 Module: Resynator Parameter Level (1 / 2 / 3) button Scape and sphere parameters are ordered in three levels each. After you have chosen a region using the select button, this menu is where you determine the level to be processed via stick. Again, Neuron "memorizes" the current settings when you switch to another level. Record The movements of the stick controller can stick button be recorded and stored for every scape and sphere parameter level.
Neuron.book Seite 75 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Resynator: Menu ... Continued from previous page Press the model select/menu button to access the resynator menu. The most recently edited resynator menu option appears in the main display. Press this button again to access model loader. The amplifier envelope defined in the shaper is always active for the entire resynator, regardless of the contour control setting in the resynator.
Neuron.book Seite 76 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 76 Module: Resynator On/Off Resynator 1 Switch Resynator 1 Volume Activating model loaders: Model/Edit within the Resynator menu: press 1 x without the Resynator menu: press 2 x R1 Volume LFO Depth Key track Sc VeloDepth R1 Load Model No.
Neuron.book Seite 77 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Resynator: Parameters ... Continued from previous page R1 Model Size Key track Octave R1 Pitch Octave Determines the volume of the resynators. This lets you adjust and balance the relative levels of the two resynators. Value range: 0 to 127. Volume LFO Depth Determines the modulation depth of the mod-generated LFO oscillation and thus the intensity of its effect on resynator volume.
Neuron.book Seite 78 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 78 Module: Resynator Volume Key track Also called key follow, key track is a form of keyboard control data. When key tracking is activated, the keyboard serves as a modulation source, generating key track values in accordance with the position or pitch of the notes played on the keyboard. This parameter determines the relative or weighted volume of the various keyboard zones.
Neuron.book Seite 79 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 LFO Depth KeyTrack Weights model parameters for different L1 Scape 1/3 keyboard zones. The higher the parameter’s weight, the greater is its to L3 Sphere 2/4 influence and the more intense the effect of parameter value changes. Determines the modulation depth of the L1 Scape 1/3 mod-generated LFO oscillation and thus the intensity of its effect on the to L3 Sphere 2/4 opposite cross-x scape and sphere parameter pairs (1/3 and 2/4).
Neuron.book Seite 80 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 80 Module: Resynator VeloDepth VeloDepth <0: The value decreases in accordance with velocity. Once the animation has run its course it is not re-triggered until you release all keys and then press a new key. Tip: You can opt to use envelopes for this purpose. The shaper offers multitrigger functionality, meaning that unlike stick animation - the envelope is triggered every time you press a key.
Neuron.book Seite 81 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Model Size Key track Model Size Key track determines how keyboard transposition affects the size of the model. When working with multi-models (models derived from a multisample and consisting of several scape/sphere pairs), an audible jump or gap in the soundscape may occur because virtually every zone brings its own model size to the sonic equation. Value range: -64 to +63. 0 = the size of the model remains the same across the entire keyboard.
Neuron.book Seite 82 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 82 Module: Resynator Model Size Offset Determines the extent of the offset between the size of a model and the root key. Value range: -64 to +63. 0 = the model size remains constant, meaning that it corresponds to the size of the original sample on the root key. Values other than zero increase or decrease the size.
Neuron.book Seite 83 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Pitch Key track Determines the key tracking for the resynator’s pitch. Note in this context the global depth of the envelope, which is defined directly in the shaper (page 108). This global depth is offset against the Free Env Depth value determined at this modulation destination. Value range: -64 to +63. Default: 63 0 = Pitch remains constant over the entire keyboard (C3).
Neuron.book Seite 84 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 84 Module: Resynator Model Hi/Lo Velo Switch Heads up: This parameter is enabled only when the model loaded in the resynator distinguishes between low and high velocity zones. This property is determined when the model is created in ModelMaker. The parameter defines a velocity threshold value. If the pressure applied to the key exceeds the threshold value, the high velocity zone plays.
Neuron.book Seite 85 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Key tracking You can define key tracking performance for every resynator (volume key track parameter (page 78), key track parameter (page 79) and pitch key track parameter (page 83) as well as for the silver unit’s filters (page 138). Starting from the center key, this parameter weights a module or a parameter with reference to pitch. An analogy may explain this better: Picture a set of scales. The center key is the lever holding the two pans.
Neuron.book Seite 86 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 86 Module: Resynator Resynator: Handling • The display reads: If you are working in setup mode, you must first prime the sound that you want to edit (see page 66) or switch to sound mode! • • • How to load a model into a resynator: Activate the given resynator (on/off button). Press model select. Model loader appears in the main display.
Neuron.book Seite 87 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 in the main display and can be fine-tuned there using the knob: How to edit models in the resynator: You have a function called snapshot at your disposal when editing. It lets you save the current sound settings at any time. In combination with the play/compare button, you can audition your snapshots and A/B or compare the edited sound to the original. Snapshots are described on page 52.
Neuron.book Seite 88 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 88 Module: Resynator • • LFO: If you want to modulate the model via an LFO oscillation, first define the oscillation in the mod module (page 117), then define the modulation depth for pitch, volume or individual parameter values in the resynator (see parameter descriptions starting on page 77). Contour control: Use the contour contr.
Neuron.book Seite 89 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Copying parameter sets or reloading stored parameter values Stick recording and animation When you move the stick controller to edit parameter values, you can record these movements and play them back to manipulate parameter values on the fly. We call this process "stick animation.
Neuron.book Seite 90 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 90 Module: Resynator • • in repeat mode it is re-triggered from the top for as long as you hold the note. The first note that you play triggers every stick animation. While the animation is running, any notes played thereafter have no effect on the animation. Unlike multi-triggering in envelopes, stick animation is limited to a single trigger. If stick animation is activated for a parameter level (contour contr.
Neuron.book Seite 91 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 • How to record a stick movement: A new recording on the same track (at the same parameter level) overwrites a previously recording without warning! • In the given module, use select (in the resynator only) and parameter level to determine the parameter level at which you want to create an animation. • Press the record stick button to set the recording function to standby. The LED above the button flashes.
Neuron.book Seite 92 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 92 Module: Resynator • Go to the resynator menu and define stick animation mode for every scape and sphere parameter level - 1shot or repeat (see the parameter table on page 80). The exception in surround mode: The silver module's contour contr. is reserved for the filter and effects. The surround menu offers an added option called off for the menu option stick animation that serves this purpose.
Neuron.book Seite 93 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 sound-shaping environment of the flute model - for example the material or size of the flute body. These, in turn, are represented by the flute model’s sphere parameters. Module: Blender Neuron features another breed of newfangled control unit that sweeps between resynators called blender. We had originally intended to equip Neuron with just one resynator.
Neuron.book Seite 94 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 94 Module: Blender Blender: Control features Type button Selector button for the blender type. Press it to access the blender menu in the main display (see below). Blender wheel The blender wheel controls the relative amounts of the two resynator outputs or determines the times for dynamic crossfades. How this amount or duration is defined depends on the selected blender type (see the section "Blender: Types" starting on page 96).
Neuron.book Seite 95 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 LFO Depth Determines the modulation depth of the mod-generated LFO oscillation and thus the intensity of its influence on the blender amount. Depth < 0: Amount decreases in accordance with the envelope. Note in this context the global depth of the envelope, which is defined directly in the shaper (page 108). This global depth is offset against the Free Env Depth value determined at the modulation destination. Value range: -64 to +63.
Neuron.book Seite 96 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 96 Module: Blender Blender: Types The following blender types can be selected via the type parameter. Mix Scape 1 plays through sphere 1, scape 2 plays through sphere 2. The results are mixed in the blender and sent to the output. Amount controls the balance between the two results. Blender type: Stereo Mix singlesphere Scape 1 and scape 2 play and are mixed in the blender. The composite signal is routed through sphere 1 to the output.
Neuron.book Seite 97 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Chromophonic Scape 1 plays through sphere 2, scape 2 plays through sphere 1. The results are mixed in the blender and sent to the output. Amount controls the balance between the results. Blender type: Dual sphered Intermorph Blender type: Chromophonic / Velo chrome Scape 1 and scape 2 are split up into complementary (or opposite) frequency bands (for example, one frequency band contains low frequencies, the other high frequencies).
Neuron.book Seite 98 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 98 Module: Blender Dynamic crossmorph Scape 1 and scape 2 are cross-faded or morphed reciprocally within a definable time and assigned to the other sphere. The result is mixed to create a composite signal, which is then routed to the output. Amount controls the cross-fade time (up to 20 seconds). Blender type: Intermorph Dynamic transsphere Scape 1 cross-fades over to scape 2 within a definable time.
Neuron.book Seite 99 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Module: Shaper 1/2 Each shaper is an extremely versatile envelope generator. What makes it so flexible is that the envelope can influence different parameters and modulation destinations. Beyond that, it lets you choose between two types of envelopes (in free mode). Refresher course: Envelope basics ADSR envelope An envelope is a time-based process.
Neuron.book Seite 100 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 100 Module: Shaper 1/2 takes to return from the defined sustain level to a value of zero after the key is released. 4 levels 4 times envelope (4L4T) This is the second type of envelope available in addition to the ADSR curve. It is defined by four paired values. Every paired value consists of a level and a time. You can determine at which level the envelope starts and how long it takes to achieve the next level.
Neuron.book Seite 101 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 As you can gather from the picture, the 4L4T curve can also accept negative levels. In Neuron, this modulation is available in two versions: The ADSR curve defined in shaper 1 influences resynator 1. Shaper 2 is routed to resynator 2. To add delay at the beginning of the curve, set level 1 and level 2 to 0. The delay time is determined by the time 1 setting. The contour control of the respective resynator has no influence on the amplifier envelope.
Neuron.book Seite 102 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 102 Module: Shaper 1/2 Modulating model parameters An envelope can modulate not only the amplitude and frequency (pitch) of a signal but also other parameters. Neuron’s two resynators and the sound models loaded into them offer infinite sound-shaping without adding envelopes to the equation, so imagine what mind-boggling possibilities envelopes give you for modulating the model’s parameters.
Neuron.book Seite 103 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Normal or repeat? You have already learned that pressing a key triggers an envelope. Let us look at it from another perspective: pressing any key launches the timebased process that is an envelope. But what happens next? Neuron distinguishes between two modes: In normal mode, the envelope runs through once. After the release time (or time 4) elapses, the envelope is not triggered again until a new note is played.
Neuron.book Seite 104 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 104 Module: Shaper 1/2 Shaper 1’s amplifier envelope is "hard-wired" to resynator 1’s amplifier and therefore modulates the signal’s amplitude or volume. The same applies to shaper 2 and resynator 2. In this mode, you will always define an ADSR envelope in the shaper. If you opt for the two ADSR envelopes (one curve per shaper), you can assign dedicated modulation destinations to each envelope.
Neuron.book Seite 105 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Shaper 1/2: Control features Wheels A/ D / S / R or L/T 1-4 Shaper in amp status: In this mode, the envelope does not have a depth parameter. However, to make programming easier, we have assigned the given resynator’s volume to the knob. Input wheels for the envelope parameters. The LED bar display indicates the parameter value. The more LEDs light up, the longer the defined time or, in the case of a level, the higher the level.
Neuron.book Seite 106 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 106 Module: Shaper 1/2 ... Continued from previous page • Amplifier: The wheels define the ADSR envelope that modulates the amplitude of the given resynator (here too the shaper > resynator routing is "hardwired"). • Free: In free mode you can (a) select between the envelope types ADSR and 4 levels 4 times and (b) define different modulation destinations. You will find further information on page 104.
Neuron.book Seite 107 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 In free status, the menu offers different parameters depending on whether two ADSR envelopes or one 4 levels 4 times curve has been selected. Shaper 1/2 Status: Par. Levels Shaper 1/2 Status ParLev Shaper1: Wheel A Wheel D Shaper 1/2 Status: Free Wheel S Shp1 Par.Levels Mode Shp1 Par.Levels VeloDepth Shp1 Par.Levels Attack DecaySc Wheel R Shaper 1/2 Status Free Sustain Sc Release Shp1 Par.Levels L1 Dp Sca1/3 Shp1 Par.
Neuron.book Seite 108 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 108 Module: Shaper 1/2 Shaper 1/2 Status: Free Shaper 1/2: Parameters Shaper 1/2 Status Free The following table describes all shaper parameters regardless of shaper status. A/D/S/R The parameters of an ADSR envelope are described on page 99.
Neuron.book Seite 109 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 The parameter envelope (par levels shaper status) can be defined selectively for every scape and sphere parameter level. See also page 104. Velo Depth Value range: -64 to +63. Depth = 0: No modulation. Depth > 0: Modulation adds to target parameter values. Depth < 0: Modulation subtracts from target parameter values. The depth parameter (page 108) defines the intensity of the envelope’s effect on other Neuron modules.
Neuron.book Seite 110 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 110 Module: Shaper 1/2 Mode Defines the envelope mode. The mode can be selected for every envelope type and in every status. • Normal: Playing a note triggers the envelope once only. • Repeat: Playing a note triggers the envelope. In the case of ADSR curves, a new cycle’s attack phase is launched after the release phase ends. A 4L/4T curve goes from level 4 to level 1 within the time defined for time 4.
Neuron.book Seite 111 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 • • • • Stick.down the navigation stick to access the menu option mode, which lets you select the envelope mode. Adjust ADSR parameter values by turning the wheels. Once you move a wheel, you can also define its assigned value in the main display using the knob. Alternatively, you can navigate via stick.right/left back and forth among individual envelope parameters.
Neuron.book Seite 112 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 112 Module: Shaper 1/2 Example: Say you want shaper 1’s ADSR envelope to modulate resynator 1’s pitch. Press the menu button in resynator 1 and use the navigation stick located next to the main display to scroll to the menu option Pitch FreeEnv, ADSR 1 Depth. Now adjust the modulation depth in the resynator using the knob located next to the main display. • • • • The same applies to the destinations resynator 2 pitch and blender.
Neuron.book Seite 113 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Example: Say you want shaper 1’s 4L4T envelope to modulate resynator 1’s pitch. Press the menu button in resynator 1 and use the navigation stick located next to the main display to scroll to the menu option Pitch FreeEnv, 4L/4T Depth. Now adjust the modulation depth in the resynator using the knob located next to the main display. The same applies to the destinations resynator 2 pitch, blender and slicer.
Neuron.book Seite 114 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 114 Module: Mod Module: Mod You will find a polyphonic, freely routable low frequency oscillator (LFO) in the mod module located to the left of resynator 1. It generates a periodic, lowfrequency oscillation that you can use as the modulation source for the following destinations: Volume, pitch and model parameters of both resynators, the amount of the blender module and the cutoff frequency of the filter currently selected in the silver module.
Neuron.book Seite 115 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 To simplify matters, we will call your third option sound modulation. Mod changes (simultaneously if desired): • the values of model cross-x parameters at any of both resynators’ scape and sphere levels. Every modulated parameter’s value changes in accordance with the LFO depth (values of 0 to 127) setting in the mod menu and the LFO depth defined at the modulation destination (64 to +63), following the LFO oscillation curve.
Neuron.book Seite 116 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 116 Module: Mod Potential modulation destinations for the LFO: • Resynators: pitch, volume and all cross-x parameter pairs of every scape and sphere parameter level (described in table starting on page 77). • Blender: amount (see page 95). • Silver: cutoff frequency of the current filter. (LFO depth parameter, see page 138). Mod: Control features Mod: Menu Mod: Parameters After you have pressed on/off, the mod menu appears in the main display.
Neuron.book Seite 117 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Delay Mod: Handling • Switch on the LFO generator mod (on/off button). L F O S w i t c h O n appears in the main display. • Route the LFO oscillation to the desired modulation destinations by setting a value other than zero for the LFO depth parameter at every desired modulation destination. All potential modulation destinations are listed on page 115.
Neuron.book Seite 118 Montag, 23.
Neuron.book Seite 119 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Module: Slicer ... the "cutting machine". If you surmised that slicer is a simple low frequency oscillator (LFO), you would not be far off the mark. And like an LFO, the slicer module generates cyclical, oscillating signals. These lowfrequency signals are used to animate sounds.
Neuron.book Seite 120 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 120 Module: Slicer Slicer in 3D mode 3D mode is also related to the sonic scenario discussed above. However, in this case the cyclical oscillation is not strictly vertical. Instead, it sweeps the cloud crossways through the soundscape. Words fail; the auditory result is impossible to describe. Fortunately, you have Neuron right there in front of you so you can easily try out this effect.
Neuron.book Seite 121 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 This is a pity because contemporary synthesizers particular offer tremendous sound-sculpting possibilities. Even more the pity that their design is an ergonomic nightmare: They’re too unwieldy and their sound-shaping options are so intricately linked that it takes a degree in rocket science to understand them. Slicer: Control features Here too, Neuron blazes a new trail.
Neuron.book Seite 122 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 122 Module: Slicer Slicer: Menu You can access the slicer menu at three points via the control features indicated in the illustration. Select the slicer type by pressing the on/off button repeatedly. Slicer: Parameters On/Off Depth / spread Slicer Type Depth / In vertical mode: Depth = intensity of the Spread Slicer’s effect on the resynators’ output signal. In 3D Mode: Spread = spread of the effect in the 3D soundscape.
Neuron.book Seite 123 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Module: Silver As its name would suggest, Silver lets you put a lustrous shine on sounds. In addition to a high-quality multimode filter, it offers two multi-effect processors. Like the resynators, it can be controlled via stick or silver menu. The stick lets you do things like edit filter cutoff frequency and resonance simultaneously and at the same operating level.
Neuron.book Seite 124 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 124 Module: Silver Filter basics Filter parameters Geared toward synthesizer newbies, the following section offers introductory explanations on the basics of filtering. Seasoned keyboardists and sound designers may prefer to continue reading on page 127. Every filter, regardless of type, is defined by three parameters. The cutoff frequency is the frequency at which the filter starts working.
Neuron.book Seite 125 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 • The waveform generated at the cutoff frequency is a sine wave, which is excellent for programming lead and electronic drum sounds. This is called self-oscillation. Quality: Quality has a formative impact on the sound-shaping action of the filter: This parameter determines to which extent frequencies are dampened at a specific distance from the cutoff frequency. In other words, it defines the cutoff steepness or slope of the filter curve.
Neuron.book Seite 126 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 126 Module: Silver High-pass filter For the record, the high-pass filter is the inverted twin of the low-pass filter. It allows frequencies above the cutoff frequency to pass. Cutting low frequencies makes the signal sound brighter and thinner - our ear perceives it to be more strident, with greater presence. Neuron features a high-pass filter with a quality of 6 dB. You will find it in the type filter menu when the filter option special is active.
Neuron.book Seite 127 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Dynamic filtering via envelope, stick, LFO and velocity determined via the velo depth parameter (see page 139). The filters in Neuron are - how could it be otherwise - dynamic. After all, our express goal was to make editing sounds as easy and effective as possible. A filter earns the descriptive modifier "dynamic" if its parameters can steadily accept new values and this modulation of values can also be automated.
Neuron.book Seite 128 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 128 Module: Silver EQComp This dual-purpose effect consists of a parametric equalizer and a compressor. The equalizer: Equalization is the process of selectively boosting or cutting specific frequency ranges. The term has its roots in the effect’s initial purpose, which was to achieve linear frequency response (for example, to restore upper range frequencies that are lost when an analog signal is routed through a long cord) rather than color a sound.
Neuron.book Seite 129 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 This effect boosts the incoming level. You can adjust the wet outgoing level separately to compensate for this. The higher the carrier frequency, the greater the spread between output frequencies and the further apart the outgoing notes will be. The effect adds additional overtones to the input signal.
Neuron.book Seite 130 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 130 Module: Silver Note that this shifts the sideband frequencies contingent upon the LFO oscillation. Your best bet is to simply try it out!!! Decimator Decimator does what its name would indicate - it decimates the sampling rate. The higher the sampling rate at which a sound was digitized, the richer it is in signal quality but the „poorer“ in character.
Neuron.book Seite 131 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Time-based effects (time FX) Phaser Alongside frequency-modulating effects, Neuron features another effect processor offering various time-based effects (time FX). This effects group is equipped with a dedicated on/off switch: the time FX button. A phaser colors the sound of a signal and modulates it periodically.
Neuron.book Seite 132 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 132 Module: Silver Flanger Though flanging is also delay-based, unlike the phaser, it manages without phase shifting. Incidentally, do not confuse this with Neuron’s stereo phase parameter used to spread the signal in the flanger, phaser and chorus! But back to the issue at hand: The incoming audio signal is delayed in the flanger regardless of its pitch.
Neuron.book Seite 133 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Chorus Silver: Control features Imagine two identical instruments playing in unison, but the groove is not quite in the pocket. The timing varies somewhat so that the two instruments are ever so slightly out of tune. This is the effect simulated by the chorus. On/Off button Silver on/off switch. When silver is switched off, all effects including the filter unit are bypassed.
Neuron.book Seite 134 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 134 Module: Silver Menu button If you are working outside the silver menu, you can access the most recently edited silver menu option by pressing this button. If you press the button while in the silver menu, it jumps to the menu option f i l t e r t y p e . You will find a description of the menu on page 136. Parameter This button determines which parameters Level are assigned to the stick.
Neuron.book Seite 135 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Contour control button The filter unit of the silver can be modulated either by an ADSR envelope defined in shaper 3 (filter envelope, not available for freq FX/time FX) or by a previously recorded movement of the stick controller (also available for freq FX/time FX). By pressing this button several times, you can select between: • Off (no LED lights up): Neither an envelope nor a stick recording manipulates the filter or freq FX/timeFX.
Neuron.book Seite 136 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 136 Module: Silver Silver: Menus Submenus of the individual frequency effects: The silver menu is divided into three diagrams. The first diagram depicts the main branch in which you can select the desired filter type and set up one frequency and time-based effect each. You will find the effects submenus in the following two diagrams.
Neuron.book Seite 137 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Submenus of time-based effects: Continued from previous page Frequency effects...
Neuron.book Seite 138 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 138 Module: Silver Silver: Parameters In the following tables, parameters are described separately according to effect category (filter, freq FX and time FX). LFO Depth Determines the modulation depth of the mod-generated LFO oscillation and thus the intensity of its effect on the selected filter’s cutoff frequency. Value range: -64 to +63. Depth = 0: No frequency modulation.
Neuron.book Seite 139 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Freq FX parameters Neuron can imitate this phenomenon if filter parameter weighting is modulated by key tracking values: Type Value range: -64 to +63. Key Track = 0: No weighting, meaning that the cutoff frequency is not shifted. Key Track > 0: The cutoff frequency increases for notes above the center key (C3). The frequency decreases for notes below C3. Key Track < 0: The cutoff frequency decreases for notes above the center key (C3).
Neuron.book Seite 140 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 140 Module: Silver Band 1 (EQ Comp) The parameters are only visible when Band 1 = on. Compressor (EQ Comp) Levels above the defined threshold are boosted to the out gain level. Response controls compressor reaction time as a combination of program-driven attack and release value. Frequencies within the band defined by Q and surrounding the center frequency determined by B1 freq are boosted or cut in accordance with the B1 gain setting.
Neuron.book Seite 141 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Out Vol Determines the distorted signal’s output (Distortion) level. This parameter can be used to compensate for the signal level boosted by In Drive. Wave Determines the LFO oscillation’s waveform. (Ring mod) The same waveforms are available as in the mod menu. You will find a list of all available waveforms on page 118. Value range: 0 to 127. Corresponds roughly to -infinite to 0 dB.
Neuron.book Seite 142 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 142 Module: Silver Pre filt cut Determines the cutoff frequency of the (Decimator) low-pass filter located in front of or pre S&H circuit. Serves to attenuate high frequencies to generate more harmonic, less noise-like distortion. Value range: 0 to 127 (covers the entire frequency range) Mix (Sp_warp) Determines the amount of wet signal in the effect’s output signal (the mix of the original signal and the frequency-inverted signal).
Neuron.book Seite 143 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Feedback (Stereo spread) Defines the level of the delayed signal routed back from the delay line’s output to its input, thus determining the number of repetitions. Depth (Flanger) Value range: 0 to 127. Value range: -64 to +63. Mix (LR delay) Speed Determines the amount of wet signal in the effect’s output signal (the mix of the original signal and the delayed signal). (Flanger) Value range: 0 to 127.
Neuron.book Seite 144 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 144 Module: Silver Stereo phase (Flanger) Delays the modulation effect in the stereo image for spreading the left and right channels. For example, if the effect attains its highest frequency on the left channel, this value determines the "distance" of the effect’s sweep from the left channel to the right channel. Depth (Phaser) Value range: 0 to 127. Speed (Phaser) Value range: -64 to +63.
Neuron.book Seite 145 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Stereo phase (Phaser) Mix (Chorus) Delays the modulation effect in the stereo image for spreading the left and right channels. For example, if the effect attains its highest frequency on the left channel, this value determines the "distance" of the effect’s sweep from the left channel to the right channel. Speed Value range: -64 to +63.
Neuron.book Seite 146 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 146 Module: Silver PreDelay (Chorus) Defines the delay time of the effect’s internal delay line (incl. delay through depth). Value range: 0 to 127 Corresponds to roughly 0 to 250 ms Table 19: Silver: Time FX parameters (cont.) Silver: Handling How to select/define a filter See also the menu diagram on page 136. Filter types and parameters are described on page 124. You will find explanations of the parameters in table 17 on page 138.
Neuron.book Seite 147 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 • • Press the silver parameter level button repeatedly so that the filter LED lights up. Move the stick controller to edit the cutoff frequency and resonance. How to select/define an effect If you are having problems navigating the menu, check out the diagrams starting on page 136. They will show you the way! A frequency effect serves as the example in the following description. Proceed accordingly for timebased effects.
Neuron.book Seite 148 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 148 Module: Silver • Twist the knob next to the main display to dial in the desired effect. For our example, we will choose "Sp_warp": • Press the silver parameter level button repeatedly so that the freq FX LED lights up. You can move the stick to edit the two most important parameters of the selected effect. In our example using "Sp_warp," these are m i x and f r e q u e n c y. • Stick.left returns you to the freq FX t y p e selection list.
Neuron.book Seite 149 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Module: Shaper 3 In the section "Dynamic filtering via envelope, stick, LFO and velocity" starting on page 127 you read about how Neuron’s filters can be made to sweep dynamically. A filter earns the descriptive modifier "dynamic" if its parameters can steadily accept new values and this modulation of values can also be automated.
Neuron.book Seite 150 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 150 Module: Shaper 3 Filter envelope Velocity-driven envelope effects You will find a basic description of an ADSR envelope’s four parameters as well as a picture of its curve on page 99. Velocity can be used to shape the depth parameter that controls the filter envelope’s modulation intensity. To do this, you must enter a value other than zero for shaper 3’s velo depth parameter (see the parameter description on page 152).
Neuron.book Seite 151 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Shaper 3: Control features Wheels A/ D / S / R Good-to-know stuff:The shaper status button has no influence on whether or not parameters are active. It serves only to select the desired parameters so that they can be manipulated using the wheels (or via the depth knob in silver status). Input wheels for the envelope parameters. The LED bar display indicates the parameter value.
Neuron.book Seite 152 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 152 Module: Shaper 3 Shaper 3: Parameters in silver status Env Mode Defines the envelope mode. • Normal: Playing a note triggers the envelope once only. • Repeat: Like in Normal mode, the envelope is triggered by your key attack. A new cycle’s attack phase is launched after the release phase ends. For more on this, read page 150. Env A, D, S, R The parameters of an ADSR envelope are described on page 99.
Neuron.book Seite 153 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Shaper 3: Handling • • How to use a filter envelope Shaper 3 must be activated in the silver’s filter unit to allow the filter envelope to influence the filter curve. • Press (repeatedly if necessary) the silver parameter level button so that the filter LED lights up. • • • Define the intensity of the envelope’s effect on the filter by twisting the depth knob (alternatively using the menu option env depth in the shaper 3 menu).
Neuron.book Seite 154 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 154 Module: Master effects Module: Master effects Besides silver, Neuron features an effects unit offering delay and reverb in truly excellent quality. A tap function lets you enter delay time intuitively manually, that is. The delay precedes the reverb in the signal chain, meaning every generated delay is embedded in the room simulation. Both effects are available in sound and setup modes.
Neuron.book Seite 155 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 can define delay times separately for the left and right channels. And you can create ping-pong effects by dialing values with a fixed relation to one another (say a ratio of 2:1) for the right and left delay times. The signal then bounces back and forth between the two stereo channels. with every reflection that bounces off a surface because every reflecting material also has an absorbing effect that dampens the signal.
Neuron.book Seite 156 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 156 Module: Master effects So, reverb and delay would seem to be two birds of the same feather. Not so: even if a delay effect is able to generate regularly repeating echoes, it lacks an essential quality of reverb: Though reverb also consists of echoes, there is a distinction between early and late reflections. Early reflections arrive shortly after the direct sound. In physical terms, these are clearly defined, highly focused waves.
Neuron.book Seite 157 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Back to the synthesizer world: The reverb effect simulates the acoustic properties of a room. A dry signal without any reflections sounds unnatural. For reasons of budget, venue and time we do not always have the pleasure of playing in a concert hall or acoustically commensurate room, so we lay the desired type of reverb (type parameter, see page 159) over the signal. Switch the master effects on/off.
Neuron.book Seite 158 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 158 Module: Master effects Master effects: Menu The dotted arrow pointing to the menu options R t i m e and L t i m e indicates that the two values can be defined via the tap button. After pressing it a second time, L time appears in the main display. The mix values of both effects can also be changed in shaper 3 if efx mix status is enabled in it.
Neuron.book Seite 159 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Master effects: Parameters Mix Feedback Determines the amount of feedback for the delayed signal. The higher the feedback value, the higher the number of repetitions. Defines the amount of processed signal in relation to the original signal (wet / dry mix). Value range: 0 to 127. Value range: 0 to 127. In sound mode, if you switch the master effects module off when mix = 127 (100% wet signal), the audio signal will no longer be audible.
Neuron.book Seite 160 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 160 Module: Master effects Diffusion Determines the spread of late reflections. This parameter effects the density of the reverb signal. A high diffusion value evokes a softer, fuller reverb effect. Be aware, though, that overlapping reflections can muddy the soundscape. A low value generates audible echoes. For this reason, strings tend to handle higher diffusion settings better than percussive sounds. Value range: 0 to 127.
Neuron.book Seite 161 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 FX send and return In sound mode, you can control the delay and reverb amount via the two mix parameters (either in the master effects menu or via shaper 3 wheels). In setup mode, you also have the option of controlling effect intensity individually for each sound. In this case, the master effects’ delay and reverb mix parameters should be viewed as the return values and the sound-related amounts as the send values.
Neuron.book Seite 162 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 162 Free controllers Free controllers For purposes of performance-based sound shaping, Neuron offers freely definable continuous controllers whose destinations can be defined via the controller menu. Controller settings are stored at the sound level, so they can vary from sound to sound! When you change or reload a sound, controller values are reset to 0! Stored links are of course retained.
Neuron.book Seite 163 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Controllers: Menu ... Continued from previous page To access the controller menu, press the controller button located below the main display. Contr 1Up Dest 1 Neuron exits the controller menu automatically when you edit a parameter in another module. If you exit the controller settings by pressing the controller button again, Neuron jumps to the most recently edited menu.
Neuron.book Seite 164 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 164 Free controllers How to select a destination The controller menu lists potential destinations in groups (as shown in the following lists). A group is indicated by a '>' symbol following its name. • Use the navigation stick to scroll to the desired controller. • Twist the knob to select the desired group. • Stick.right to open the group. • Select the destination using the knob. • Stick.left to exit a group. • Stick.
Neuron.book Seite 165 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Controllers: Route planning • • • • • • Double destination assignments are allowed! And often desirable... Control 1 to control 4 and aftertouch: Destinations for the modulation matrix Resynator 2 > Controls 1 to 4 and aftertouch offer identical destinations. For each control, you can define up to four destinations that are controlled simultaneously. • see Resynator 1.
Neuron.book Seite 166 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 166 Free controllers • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Comp Threshold Comp Out Gain Comp Responsiveness Dist. In Drive (Distortion) Dist. Prefilter Dist. Out Vol RingMod Mix (Ringmodulator) RingMod Speed RingMod Depth RingMod ModFreq RgMd XoverDelay RgMd XoverTime RgMd XDlFeedback Decim. Mix (Decimator) Decim. SH Factor Dec.
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Neuron.book Seite 168 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 168 Free controllers Velocity as an additional controller As discussed previously, velocity can also be viewed as an internal controller and used as a modulation source. Unlike aftertouch - whose modulation destinations are defined in the controller menu velocity modulation destinations are determined via the respective velo depth parameter at the destination. Velocity is the modulator when velo depth is set to a value other than zero.
Neuron.book Seite 169 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Surround mode Surround basics Neuron is the first and only synthesizer designed from the bottom up for surround mode (5.1) applications. Handling is easy - simply move the silver unit’s stick. You can position sounds within a setup precisely in the soundscape. Beyond that, you can record stick movements to create animated sweeps through the soundscape and store these modulations as a component of a sound within a setup.
Neuron.book Seite 170 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 170 Surround basics when recording only to simulate it again later using reverb effects. A few definitions of terms The following definitions are derived from the recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Each of these technical writings is a recommendation geared toward establishing technical standards without undermining audio engineers’ creativity and willingness to experiment.
Neuron.book Seite 171 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Subwoofers - bottom end bliss Speaker array: Reference array in accordance with 3/2 recommendation (L/C/R and LS/RS) with five identical speakers. In 5.1 format, the low bass channel serves to expand the low end and - in (home) movie theater applications - render effects. In the latter case, the bass channel is also called the low frequency effects (LFE) channel.
Neuron.book Seite 172 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 172 Surround basics The quality of surround sound... Our perception of sound is a function of personal bias. It is so very subjective that there will never be universal agreement on the definitive sound. However, there are some criteria designed to introduce dispassionate standardized parameters for assessing sound quality rather than the emotional yardstick we usually use to gauge sound (my how beautiful; oh, that’s just brilliant).
Neuron.book Seite 173 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Surround monitoring within a setup serve the same purpose as a monitor matrix. After all, in Neuron surround sound is generated at the setup level. This means that the four sounds of a setup can be positioned individually in the soundscape. For more on this, read the section starting on page 174. We recommend that you monitor surround settings over a good monitor system to achieve the best possible results.
Neuron.book Seite 174 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 174 Surround menu in Neuron Silver Stick when Surround Mode = on and Sound 1 primed Same applies to Sounds 2 to 4 Surround menu in Neuron Surround handling in Neuron The surround menu is part of the setup menu. To access it, press the surround button or move the silver stick while surround mode is active. Surround sound is possible only in setup mode! Surround settings are stored for each sound at the setup level.
Neuron.book Seite 175 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 • Prime the sound that you want to position by pressing the appropriate sound button (located above the main display) repeatedly. The LED of the primed sound flashes. If you want to hear At the same time, positioning the stick determines the amount of the center channel. See note on page 64. • • the sound in isolation, you can mute the other three sounds by pressing and holding their buttons for about half a second (until the LED extinguishes).
Neuron.book Seite 176 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 176 Surround handling in Neuron • • • • How to position a sound via the setup menu in the surround sound field Activate setup mode and switch on surround mode (see above). In the setup menu, stick.down to scroll to the menu option Twist the knob to determine the amount of sound 1 routed to the left front channel. Stick.
Neuron.book Seite 177 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 How to record a stick movement How to start a stick animation A new recording overwrites a previous track without warning! • In the silver module, press the record stick button in order to switch the recording function to standby. The LED above the button flashes. • After the device starts recording a track (as defined by the basic settings parameter stick record start) the LED lights up continuously.
Neuron.book Seite 178 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 178 MIDI-relevant basic settings MIDI control The illustration on page 12 shows how to use Neuron’s MIDI connections to configure a MIDI setup. Unlike many other synthesizers, Neuron has no sound banks because the 1,000 potential sounds are archived sequentially. For purposes of MIDI addressing, consider sounds 0 to 99 to be a "virtual" first bank, sounds 100 to 199 a second bank, and so forth.
Neuron.book Seite 179 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 • SysXDeviceID: Defines the device identification for system exclusive MIDI messages. Hexadecimal values range from 00 to 7F. as well as via incoming MIDI data. All controls are enabled. Note in this context the function of the local basic settings parameter (see page 178): If this global parameter local is set to off, the settings of the four setup parameters of the same name are overruled.
Neuron.book Seite 180 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 180 SysEx commands (System exclusive data) A SysEx data transfer lets you upload and download data to and from Neuron that are not addressed by any other MIDI command, for example, complete sounds or setups (see the following sections). In addition to SysEx loading/dumping, Neuron enables ftp loading/dumping. For more on this see the topic "Updates and Backups" starting on page 185.
Neuron.book Seite 181 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Controller list How to receive SysEx data Control no. Type During a SysEx load, Neuron receives system exclusive data from another MIDI device connected to the MIDI in port. Data transfer is launched at the connected device; Neuron processes the incoming MIDI commands autonomously. 0 .. 1 .. 2 .. 3 .. 4 .. 5 .. 6 .. 7 .. 8 .. 9 .. 10. . 11. . 12. . 13. . 14. . 15. . 16. . 17. . 18. . 19. . 20. . 21. . 22. . 23. . 24. . 25. . 26. . 27. .
Neuron.book Seite 182 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 182 Controller list 28 . . 29 . . 30 . . 31 . . 32 . . 33 . . 34 . . 35 . . 36 . . 37 . . 38 . . 39 . . 40 . . 41 . . 42 . . 43 . . 44 . . 45 . . 46 . . 47 . . 48 . . 49 . . 50 . . 51 . . 52 . . 53 . . 54 . . 55 . . 56 . . 57 . . 58 . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . Resynator1 Detune .
Neuron.book Seite 183 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 90 . . 91 . . 92 . . 93 . . 94 . . 95 . . 96 . . 97 . . 98 . . 99 . . 100 . 101 . 102 . 103 . 104 . 105 . 106 . 107 . 108 . 109 . 110 . 111 . 112 . 113 . 114 . 115 . 116 . 117 . 118 . 119 . 120 . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . FX Delay L Time . FX Delay Mix . FX Delay R Time . FX Reverb Mix .
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Neuron.book Seite 185 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Updates and Backups Neuron has a fixed IP address used for identification purposes. The USB interface does not require configuring. A word on the USB interface The USB interface is a baby born to the mother of home data processing, the PC. This I/O interface was begat by the desire to put an end to the confusion of connectors fostered by all the peripheral junk (I/O devices, external disk drives, scanners, speakers, cameras, etc.
Neuron.book Seite 186 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 186 A word on the USB interface How to connect a PC/MAC and log on to Neuron • You need an USB net adapter and a suitable network cable to connect Neuron to a PC/MAC via USB. In addition, the TCP/IP Internet protocol and ftp client software that controls communication at the computer’s end must be installed on your computer. • • Connect your PC/MAC to Neuron’s USB interface via the USB net adapter.
Neuron.book Seite 187 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 The ftp directory in Neuron The load/dump function The ftp directory tree on Neuron’s internal hard disk contains two folders that hold various subordinate folders. Consider Neuron’s IP address by which the device is identified to be the root directory. The load/dump menu and the folders in the ftp directory on Neuron’s internal hard disk are the gateway to the non-neural world outside. These are the tools required to upload and download data.
Neuron.book Seite 188 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 188 The load/dump function Load/dump: Options Load Loads data from the corresponding ftp subdirectory.
Neuron.book Seite 189 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 How to load a software update Dump The options available here are almost identical SysEx to those of the menu item Dump ftp. Hartmann Music distributes software updates via Internet or music stores. However, this operation is not a data transfer in accordance with the FTP protocol. Instead, MIDI SysEx data is sent to the MIDI out interface. To learn more about this, read the section "How to send SysEx data" starting on page 180.
Neuron.book Seite 190 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 190 The load/dump function • After Neuron has copied the update from the software folder, the following message appears: • Neuron loads the models into the model database and indicates the copying operation in the display. Existing models archived under the same numbers are overwritten! After some three seconds, the new software version is initialized and started.
Neuron.book Seite 191 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 the models referenced (linked) therein into the folder F r o m N e u r o n / M o d e l s . • Existing models or sounds archived under the same numbers are overwritten! You can transfer data from there to the connected computer using the ftp client software. By the way: we recommend that you delete data in Neuron’s ftp directory after transferring it to your personal computer.
Neuron.book Seite 192 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 192 Converting samples into Neuron models Just feed it Converting samples into Neuron models Hartmann developed a special software called ModelMaker so you can create Neuron models from your own sample material and load them into Neuron via USB interface, that is, store these models in the model database on Neuron’s internal hard disk. You will receive ModelMaker as soon as your Neuron user registration arrives at the Hartmann offices.
Neuron.book Seite 193 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Technical data Operating conditions: Analog audio input: Ambient temperature range . . . . . . . . . . . .15° to 35°C (1 x Stereo) Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . max.75% Peak level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 4 dBu Operating altitude . up to 2000 m above mean sea level Signal-to-noise ratio (S/NR) . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 dB(A) Power supply: Frequency response . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Neuron.book Seite 199 Montag, 23. Dezember 2002 2:28 14 Memory model 33 Menu Blender 94 Controller 163 Filter 136 Freq FX 136 General facts 30 Load/dump 187 Master effects 158 Mod 116 Navigation 30 Resynator 75 Setup 59 Shaper 1/2 106 Shaper 3 151 Silver 136 Slicer 122 Sound 49 Surround 174 Time FX 137 MIDI Basic settings, relevant 178 Channel no.
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