INSTRUCTION MANUAL 3554 BATTERY HiTESTER
i Contents Contents Introduction ............................................................... 1 Verifying Package Contents...................................... 1 Safety Information ..................................................... 3 Operating Precautions .............................................. 7 Chapter 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Measurement Preparations 25 Attaching the Strap .................................... 25 Installing or Replacing the Batteries..........
ii Contents 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.3.1 Shorting Methods for Various Test Leads ............................................. 38 3.3.2 Implementing the Zero-adjust Feature .......................................... 40 3.3.3 Canceling the Zero-adjust Operation ....................................................... 43 Holding the Display ................................... 44 3.4.1 Holding........................................... 44 3.4.2 Canceling a Hold ........................... 44 3.4.
Contents 5.4 5.5 Reading Saved Data ................................. 68 Deleting Saved Data ................................. 69 5.5.1 Deleting a Single Data Set ............. 69 5.5.2 Deleting an Entire Unit (400 sets) .. 70 5.5.3 Deleting All Data (12 units/4800 sets) ....................................................... 71 Chapter 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 7.2 7.3 7.4 Other Features 73 Averaging Feature ..................................... 73 Auto-hold Feature................................
iv Contents 7.4.1 Connecting the 3554 to a Computer ..................................................... 103 7.4.2 Starting the Software ................... 104 7.4.3 Clock-setting ................................ 105 7.4.4 Preparing a New Table of Permissible Values ...................... 107 7.4.5 Editing Files of Permissible Values ..................................................... 110 7.4.6 Editing a Table of Permissible Values on the 3554...................... 112 7.4.
Contents 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 v 9.3.3 Setting Permissible Values .......... 140 Replacing the Fuse ................................. 141 Replacing the Test Lead Pin ................... 142 Cleaning .................................................. 143 Discarding the Instrument ....................... 144 Chapter 10 Appendix 145 10.1 Effects of Extending the Measurement Lead and Induced Voltage ............................... 145 10.2 Effect of Eddy Currents ........................... 146 10.
vi Contents
1 Introduction Thank you for purchasing the HIOKI “Model 3554 BATTERY HiTESTER.” To obtain maximum performance from the instrument, please read this manual first, and keep it handy for future reference. 1 2 Registered Trademark Windows and Excel are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. 3 4 Verifying Package Contents • When you receive the instrument, inspect it carefully to ensure that no damage occurred during shipping.
2 Verifying Package Contents ❏ Zero adjustment board (1) ❏ Instruction manual (1) ❏ Application software CD (1) ❏ Carrying case (1) Do not remove the rear case cover.
3 Safety Information 1 This instrument is designed to comply with IEC 61010 Safety Standards, and has been thoroughly tested for safety prior to shipment. However, mishandling during use could result in injury or death, as well as damage to the instrument. Be certain that you understand the instructions and precautions in the manual before use. We disclaim any responsibility for accidents or injuries not resulting directly from instrument defects.
4 The following symbols in this manual indicate the relative importance of cautions and warnings. Indicates that incorrect operation presents an extreme hazard that could result in serious injury or death to the user. Indicates that incorrect operation presents a significant hazard that could result in serious injury or death to the user. Indicates that incorrect operation presents a possibility of injury to the user or damage to the instrument.
5 Notation of the This Manual 1 Indicates a prohibited action. (⇒ P. ) * Indicates the location of reference information. 2 Indicates quick references for operation and remedies for troubleshooting. 3 Indicates that descriptive information is provided below. 4 5 Accuracy 6 We define measurement tolerances in terms of f.s. (full scale), rdg. (reading) and dgt. (digit) values, with the following meanings: 7 f.s.
6 Measurement Categories (Overvoltage Categories) This instrument complies with CAT I safety requirements. To ensure safe operation of measurement instruments, IEC 61010 establishes safety standards for various electrical environments, categorized as CAT I to CAT IV, and called measurement categories. These are defined as follows. CAT I: Secondary electrical circuits connected to an AC electrical outlet through a transformer or similar device.
7 Operating Precautions 1 Setting Up the Instrument Operating temperature and humidity: 0 to 40°C (32 to 104°F), 80%RH or less (non-condensating) Accuracy guarantee for temperature and humidity: 23 ± 5°C (73 ± 9°F), 80%RH or less (non-condensating) Avoid the following locations that could cause an accident or damage to the instrument.
8 Preliminary Checks Before using the instrument the first time, verify that it operates normally to ensure that the no damage occurred during storage or shipping. If you find any damage, contact your dealer or Hioki representative. Before using the instrument, make sure that the insulation on the test leads is undamaged and that no bare conductors are improperly exposed. Using the instrument in such conditions could cause an electric shock, so contact your dealer or Hioki representative for replacements.
9 Measurement Precautions Observe the following to avoid electric shock and short circuits. • Do not measure voltages of 60 V DC or higher. • Do not measure grounded voltages of more than 70 V DC. Maximum input voltage: 60 V DC Maximum rated voltage to earth: 70 V DC 1 2 3 4 5 6 • Do not measure alternating voltage. • Be sure to connect the test leads properly. Black Red 7 8 9 10 • Wear rubber gloves or gloves of similar material during measurement.
10 Handling the Test Leads • For safety reasons, when taking measurements, only use the 9465-10 PIN TYPE LEAD provided with the instrument or the optional test leads. • To avoid breaking the test leads, do not bend or pull them. • The ends of the test leads are sharp. Be careful to avoid injury. • To avoid damaging the test lead, grasp the connector, not the cable, when unplugging the test lead.
11 Handling the CD • Always hold the disc by the edges, so as not to make fingerprints on the disc or scratch the printing. • Never touch the recorded side of the disc. Do not place the disc directly on anything hard. • Do not wet the disc with volatile alcohol or water, as there is a possibility of the label printing disappearing. • To write on the disc label surface, use a spiritbased felt pen.
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1.1 Measuring Battery Wear 13 Chapter 1 Overview 1 Overview 1.1 Measuring Battery Wear 2 For determining battery wear, first measure internal resistance in a new or good battery. The graph below shows the relation between storage capacity and initial value of internal resistance in a lead-acid battery. "CS," "HS," and "MSE" denote JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) lead-acid battery types.
14 1.1 Measuring Battery Wear • For an MSE (sealed stationary lead-acid battery), when internal resistance reaches approximately 1.5 times its initial value, a warning will be issued. Wear (failure) values vary by manufacturer. • Initial values of internal resistance may vary among batteries with the same capacity, depending on battery type or manufacturer. Refer to the graph on the previous page. • Internal-resistance warnings and failures vary by manufacturer.
1.2 Product Overview 15 1.2 Product Overview 1 Overview The 3554 BATTERY HiTESTER is a measuring instrument for judging battery wear by measuring internal resistance, voltage, and terminal temperature* of lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, nickelhydrogen, lithium-ion, and other types of batteries. * Temperature measurement requires the optional 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEMPERATURE SENSOR.
16 1.3 Features 1.3 Features Enables measurement without shutting down UPS systems This instrument uses high-precision AC resistance measurement technology. Since it is capable of live-wire measurement without shutting down the UPS system, it makes it possible to shorten the time required for measurement. Reliable measurement values Since it uses the four-terminal AC method to measure internal resistance, this instrument can obtain reliable measurement values unaffected by lead or connector resistance.
1.3 Features 17 1 Enabling this function results in measurement data being stored to the instrument's internal memory automatically, the instant it is held. This increases operational efficiency. Overview Auto-memory feature 2 3 PC interface Measurement data can be loaded onto a personal computer. Compact size With a compact size with width and length approximately equivalent to the dimensions of an A5-sized sheet of paper, this instrument is highly portable.
18 1.4 Names and Functions of Parts 1.4 Names and Functions of Parts Front Panel SOURCE Terminal Used for connecting the test lead's banana plug to the source SENSE Terminal Display (⇒ p.20) Used for connecting the test lead's banana plug to the sense Key Operations Key Operations Used for turning the power on or off. Used for turning the comparator buzzer on or off. Used for turning the comparator feature on or off and configuring thresholds and other values.
19 1.4 Names and Functions of Parts Used for selecting configuration settings and changing their values. Used for setting configuration values. Overview Used for storing displayed values to memory. 1 2 3 Used for holding or canceling the displayed values. Used for recalling stored measurement values. Used for deleting stored measurement values. 4 5 Used for implementing the zero-adjust feature. Used for setting the number of measurements used in averaging.
20 1.4 Names and Functions of Parts Display Data No. Resistance measurement value and unit Voltage measurement value and unit Temperature measurement value and unit Displayed when the zero-adjust feature is enable. Displayed when the auto-hold feature is enable. Displayed when the auto-memory feature is enable. Displayed when the comparator button is turned on. APS Displayed when the auto-power-save feature is enable. Indicates the remaining battery power.
1.4 Names and Functions of Parts 21 Upper Panel USB Terminal Used for connecting the USB cable. 1 Overview 2 3 EXT.HOLD/MEMO Terminal Used for the 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH. TEMP.SENSOR Terminal Used for connecting the miniplug of the optional 9460 with temperature sensor. 4 5 6 Rear Panel 7 Fuse Cover This is the cover for the internal fuse. Battery Cover This is the cover for the batteries.
22 1.5 Measurement Flowchart 1.5 Measurement Flowchart The measurement workflow is described below. Measurement Preparations (⇒ p.25) 1. Attaching the strap 2. Check the instrument's remaining battery power 3. Connecting the test lead 4. Turning the power on 5. Setting clock Setting Range (⇒ p.36) 1. Setting the resistance range 2. Setting the voltage range • When you want to stabilize measurement values: (⇒ p.73) • When you want to set threshold values by which to judge measurement values: (⇒ p.
1.5 Measurement Flowchart Implement the zero-adjust feature in accordance with the zeroadjust method for the test lead used. 1 Overview Zero-adjustment (⇒ p.37) 23 2 3 When using the 9465-10 Starting Measurement 1. Connect the test lead to the subject of measurement. 2. Read the measurement values. 3. Hold the measurement values. 4. Store the measurement values. 4 5 6 7 Ending Measurement Measurement data 1. Disconnect the test lead and turn off the power. 8 2.
24 1.6 External Dimensions 55 ± 1 mm ( 2.17" ± 0.04") 1.6 External Dimensions 121 ± 1 mm (4.76" ± 0.04") 192 ± 1 mm (7.56" ± 0.
2.1 Attaching the Strap Measurement Preparations 25 Chapter 2 2.1 Attaching the Strap 2 Measurement Preparations By attaching the strap, the instrument can be used hung it from the operator's neck. Attach the strap as described below. 1 3 4 Attach four ends of the Strap securely to the instrument. If insecurely attached, the instrument may fall and be damaged or result in injury when carrying. Attachments 1. 2. Buckles 3. 5 6 Turn off the power to the instrument and remove the test lead.
26 2.2 Installing or Replacing the Batteries 2.2 Installing or Replacing the Batteries When using the instrument for the first time, insert eight AA (LR6) alkaline batteries. Before attempting measurement, check to make sure enough battery charge remains. When the battery charge gets low, replace the batteries. • To avoid electric shock, turn off the power and disconnect the test lead before replacing the batteries. After replacing the batteries, replace the cover before using the instrument.
2.2 Installing or Replacing the Batteries 27 Turn off the power to the instrument and remove the test lead. 2. Open the battery compartment cover on the rear of the instrument. 3. Insert eight batteries, taking care to use the proper polarities. 4. Replace the battery compartment cover. 1 2 Measurement Preparations 1.
28 2.3 Connecting the Test Lead 2.3 Connecting the Test Lead To avoid electric shock, be sure to connect the test leads properly. • For safety reasons, when taking measurements, only use the test lead provided with the instrument. • The ends of the test leads are sharp. Be careful to avoid injury. Connect the test lead to the instrument. Be sure to connect all four terminals: SOURCE (+, -) and SENSE (+, -).
29 2.3 Connecting the Test Lead External Dimensions of the 9465-10 PIN TYPE LEAD 1 1 13.5 φ1.27 3 Banana plug (red) Probe (red) Probe (black) Measurement Preparations Conductive contact pin (coaxial pin) Grip Cable lock 2 φ2.9 φ2.7 Unit: mm + Banana plug (black) SOURCE SENSE Connecting the Test Lead and Remote Control Switch The 9465-10 or the 9772 PIN TYPE LEAD (optional) and the 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH (optional) can be combined as shown below.
30 2.4 Turning the Power On and Off 2.4 Turning the Power On and Off Use key to turn the power on and off. Check the clock settings when using the instrument for the first time. Powering On All screen elements displayed Press POWER key to turn the power on. Model and version number Measurement display The indicator flashes when battery voltage becomes low. Replace the new batteries soon. Powering Off Press POWER key to turn the power off.
2.5 Clock-setting 31 2.5 Clock-setting 1 You can display the date and time by pressing key. Check the clock settings when using the instrument for the first time. 2 Measurement Preparations 2.5.1 Turning Date-and-time Display On and Off 3 Press 4 key to switch date-and-time display on and off. Date-and time display On Date-and time display off Year 5 6 Month Time Date 7 8 (0:00, January 1, 2006) • The time is displayed using a 24-hour clock.
32 2.5 Clock-setting 2.5.2 Setting the Clock 1. Press key for two sec- onds or longer. This will display the clocksetting screen. (0:00, January 1, 2006) 2. Use / keys to change the date and time settings. Use / keys to switch between settings. (12:00, March 15, 2006) 3. Press key to save the date and time settings. If you exit the clock-setting screen without pressing key, your settings will not be saved.
33 Measurement Chapter 3 To ensure safe measurement, be sure to read this section prior to measuring. Maximum input voltage: 60 V DC Maximum rated voltage to earth: 70 V DC 2 3 Measurement Observe the following to avoid electric shock and short circuits. • Do not measure voltages of 60 V DC or higher. • Do not measure grounded voltages of more than 70 V DC. 1 4 5 6 7 8 • Do not measure alternating voltage.
34 • Internal battery resistance varies considerably depending on charge or discharge status. In order to increase measurement precision, measure under similar conditions (e.g., full battery charge). • Lead-acid batteries (subjects of measurement) have high levels of terminal resistance. For this reason, resistance values may differ between the case side and the tip of a terminal. Be sure to connect the test lead to the terminals at a fixed location. "Section 10.4 Effects of Current Density" (⇒ p.
3.1 Pre-operation Inspection 35 3.1 Pre-operation Inspection 1 Subject of inspection Method of checking Is the fuse worn out? Touch the test lead to the zero-adjust board. If the resistance display still Is the test lead discon- shows a value of "- - . - -" the fuse might be worn out or the test lead disnected? connected. 2 3 Measurement 4 5 6 Is sufficient power The icon in the upper right-hand remaining in the bat- area of the screen indicates the current tery? battery status.
36 3.2 Setting the Measurement Range 3.2 Setting the Measurement Range Set resistance and voltage measurement ranges as described below. Resistance Range 3 mΩ / 30 mΩ / 300 mΩ / 3 Ω Voltage Range 6 V / 60 V Temperature Range (Single range) Since temperature measurement uses a signal range, range setting is unnecessary. Resistance Measurement Range Press key to display the current settings. Press the key repeatedly to select the desired range. 3.000 mΩ 30.00 mΩ 3.000 Ω 300.
3.3 Zero-adjustment 37 3.3 Zero-adjustment Using the zero-adjust feature makes more reliable measurements possible by adjusting the resistance-range and voltagerange zero values of the instrument. Using the zero-adjust feature is recommended prior to measurement. The zero-adjust feature sets the current measurement value (adjusted value) at 0 and displays subsequent measurement results. 1 2 3 4 • The zero-adjust feature takes approximately four seconds.
38 3.3 Zero-adjustment 3.3.1 Shorting Methods for Various Test Leads Model 9465-10 PIN TYPE LEAD Short the test leads using the four-terminal AC method, with the included zero-adjust board. As shown in the illustration below, select a hole suited to the distance between terminals on the battery subject to measurement. Press it in a way symmetrical to the central screw on the zero-adjust board. Keep the zero-adjust board at least 10 centimeters away from the instrument.
39 3.
40 3.3 Zero-adjustment 3.3.2 Implementing the Zero-adjust Feature 1. 2. Check to ensure that the test leads are connected properly. If a lead is connected to the subject of measurement, disconnect it. Press key for at least two seconds. This will cause the instrument to wait for adjusted values. Test Lead (black) (red) 1 Press this key for at least two seconds 2 3. While the display is blinking (for approximately 10 seconds), short the test leads using the zero-adjust board.
3.3 Zero-adjustment 4. 41 Begin automatic obtaining of adjusted values. 1 2 3 (30 mΩ range) Measurement (3 mΩ range) 4 5 6 (3 Ω range, voltage range) 5. (300 mΩ range) 7 Keep the test leads shorted until the zero-adjust operation is complete.
42 3.3 Zero-adjustment When the screen displays the message "Err": An error results when the zero-adjusted values cannot be obtained correctly. This error could result from any of the following causes: • The adjusted values obtained exceed the 300 count, for either resistance or voltage values. →Ensure the test lead is connected to the instrument properly. →The test lead may be broken. Try using a new test lead. →Try cleaning the zero-adjust board.
3.3 Zero-adjustment 43 3.3.
44 3.4 Holding the Display 3.4 Holding the Display 3.4.1 Holding Holding the measurement values displayed on screen Press key. The icons will be displayed, and the measurement values will be held: Holding cannot be conducted when the following values are displayed: "- - - -" 3.4.2 Canceling a Hold Press Holding key again to cancel the hold. Canceling a hold • Holding cannot be conducted when the following values are displayed: "- - - -" • Changing configuration conditions will cancel the hold.
3.4 Holding the Display 45 3.4.3 Holding Using the EXT.HOLD/MEMO Terminal The EXT.HOLD/MEMO terminal can be used for the same purposes as key. This requires the optional 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH. 1 2 1. Disconnect the test lead from the battery subject to measurement. 2. Insert the miniplug of the 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH into the EXT.HOLD/MEMO terminal. 5 3. Press the PRESS button on the 9466 to hold the measurement values. 6 4.
46 3.5 Determining Battery-wear Judgment Values 3.5 Determining Battery-wear Judgment Values For determining battery wear, first measure internal resistance in a new or good battery, and then set values for judging battery wear. Ex.: When values measured for a new battery are 0.428 mΩ and 2.008 V, set the internal resistance caution value at 0.6 mΩ (1.5 times the initial value) and the internal resistance warning value at 0.8 mΩ (2 times the initial value) and set the voltage caution value at 1.
3.5 Determining Battery-wear Judgment Values 4. Hold the measurement values by pressing the PRESS button on the remote control switch. 47 key or 1 2 OR 3 Measurement 4 5. Use these measurement values to determine battery wear judgment values. As a battery wears out, in general its internal resistance will grow to approximately 1.5 - 2 times (reference values) that of a new or good battery. Note that this varies by manufacturer and model of battery. (⇒ p.
48 3.6 Battery Measurement 3.6 Battery Measurement For determining battery wear, first measure internal resistance in a new or good battery, and then set values for judging battery wear. (⇒ p.46) In this example, where values measured for a new battery were 0.428 mΩ and 2.008 V, the internal resistance caution value has been set at 0.6 mΩ (1.5 times the initial value) and the internal resistance warning value at 0.8 mΩ (2 times the initial value), and the voltage caution value has been set at 1.
49 3.6 Battery Measurement 4. Hold the measurement values by pressing the PRESS button on the remote control switch. key or 1 2 3 OR Measurement 4 5. Use the measurement values to judge battery wear. 6 Voltage Initial value (2.008 V) Current value (1.864 V) 5 7 PASS Wear FAIL WARNING 8 Measurement value 9 Initial value (0.428 mΩ) Current value (0.722 mΩ) Resistance As shown above, this battery needs to be replaced.
50 3.6 Battery Measurement Stabilizing measurement values (⇒ p.73) Storing measurement values Measurement values can be stored by pressing key while the values are being held.(⇒ p.44) Loading stored data to (⇒ p.103) a personal computer Configuring threshold Based on these wear judgvalues and judging bat- ment values, threshold values tery wear can be configured for judging battery wear.(⇒ p.
3.7 Temperature Measurement 51 3.7 Temperature Measurement Use the optional 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEMPERATURE SENSOR with temperature sensor to measure battery temperature. Connect the red connector of the clip-type lead with temperature sensor to the SENSE terminal, the black connector to the SOURCE terminal, and the miniplug to the TEMP. SENSOR terminal. The instrument will detect the temperature sensor and display the measured temperature automatically.
52 3.7 Temperature Measurement Changing the Unit of Temperature (°C ⇔ °F) 1. Press 2. While holding and press 3. Press key to turn the power off. , , key down, key. key for three seconds or longer. Setting changes 4. This will restart the instrument.
4.1 Overview Comparator Feature 53 Chapter 4 2 4.1 Overview 3 4 Comparator Feature The comparator feature can be used to determine in which of the following ranges measurements fall, by comparing them with preset permissible values and battery measured values: pass, warning, or fail. Up to 200 comparator conditions can be set. Refer to "Section 1.1 Measuring Battery Wear" (⇒ p.13) for how to determine permissible values.
54 4.2 Turning On the Comparator 4.2 Turning On the Comparator 1. Press key. The comparator no. will flash. Press key again to return to ordinary settings. 2. 3. Press / keys to select the comparator no. In this example, comparator Press / keys to select no. 3 has been selected digits. (available range: 0 - 200) Press key to save the settings. The message "On" will appear on the screen, indicating that the comparator feature has been turned on.
4.3 Setting Comparator Permissible Values 55 4.3 Setting Comparator Permissible Values Set the comparator permissible values (resistance upper limit no. 1, resistance upper limit no. 2, and the voltage lower limit). 2 3 4 Comparator Feature Permissible values for a battery with initial values (i.e., resistance and voltage values when new or in good condition) of 0.4 Ω and 2 V: Resistance upper limit no.1: 0.6 Ω (1.5 times initial value) Resistance upper limit no.2: 0.
56 4.3 Setting Comparator Permissible Values Setting Range 1. Press key to select resistance range. Press key to select voltage range. (The position of the decimal point will move.) 2. Press key to save the settings. Resistance upper limit no. 1 is flashing, and icon is displayed.
4.3 Setting Comparator Permissible Values 57 Setting Resistance Permissible Values 1 1. Press / keys to set the values of resistance upper limit no. 1. Press digits. / 2 3 keys to select 4 2. Press key to save the settings. 4. 7 Press / keys to set the values of resistance In this example, 0.800 Ω has upper limit no. 2. been selected Press digits. Press 5 6 Resistance upper limit no. 2 and icon is flashing. 3. Comparator Feature In this example, 0.
58 4.3 Setting Comparator Permissible Values Setting Voltage Lower Limit 1. Press / keys to set the values of voltage lower limit. Press digits. / keys to select In this example, 1.800 V has been selected 2. Press key to save the settings. This will return the display to the measurement screen, with the comparator feature on. At this point, configuration settings are saved. Voltage values are judged using absolute values.
4.3 Setting Comparator Permissible Values 59 Measured Value: PASS Voltage Measurement value Initial value 1 PASS FAIL Voltage lower limit 2 WARNING 3 Initial value Resistance Resistance Resistance upper limit upper limit no. 1 no. 2 5 Voltage Initial value Comparator Feature Measured Value: WARNING 4 PASS Measurement value FAIL Voltage lower limit 7 WARNING Initial value Measured Value: FAIL 6 Resistance Resistance Resistance upper limit upper limit no. 1 no.
60 4.3 Setting Comparator Permissible Values Comparator Comparison Table Judgment is conducted using the display and the buzzer, as shown in the following table: Resistance upper Resistance upper limit no. 2 limit no. 1 Resistance (low) Voltage lower limit Resistance (medium) Resistance (high) Voltage (high) PASS WARN FAIL Voltage (low) WARN WARN FAIL Boundary conditions are shown below: Resistance Resistance Resistance Resistance Resistance ≤ upper limit < WARN ≤ upper limit < FAIL PASS no.
61 4.4 Setting the Comparator Buzzer 4.4 Setting the Comparator Buzzer When using the comparator feature, the buzzer can be set to sound in accordance with judgment results. The following conditions can be set. The initial configuration is "warn/fail (on)." OFF PASS (ON) The buzzer sounds when the results of judgment are "pass." The buzzer sounds when the results of judgment are "warning" or "fail." The sound emitted when pressing the keys cannot be changed.
62 4.5 Turning Off the Comparator 4.5 Turning Off the Comparator Pressing key when the comparator feature is on will turn off the comparator feature. Comparator feature is on Comparator feature is off • The range keys cannot be used while the comparator is turned on. • If there are no measured values, "- - - -" will be displayed and comparator judgment cannot be conducted.
5.1 Overview Memory Feature 63 Chapter 5 1 5.1 Overview 2 Up to 4,800 sets of currently measured values (date and time, resistance, voltage, temperature, comparator permissible values, results of judgment) can be saved. After measurement, saved data can be displayed or transferred to a personal computer. The following table shows the structure of the internal memory: Memory Structure 3 4 5 Memory no. (400 cells) A 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400 b 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400 C 1 2 3 .....
64 5.2 Saving to Memory 5.2 Saving to Memory Pressing key will save the currently measured values. Convenient feature: Auto-memory Feature (⇒ p.75) 5.2.1 Saving Measured Values to Memory 1. Press key. The memory feature will turn on. 2. If you want to save the data under a different number than the memory no. displayed, use the keys to change the value. After approximately one second passes with no settings In this example, C.
5.2 Saving to Memory 3. Use 65 key to hold mea- 1 sured values. When "- -.- -" is displayed, values cannot be held. 2 3 4. Use key to save measured values. 5. When saving is complete, the next memory no. for saving data will be displayed. The hold will be released. 5 Memory Feature Measured values will be saved to the memory no. selected. 4 6 7 8 9 10 The last data saved can be deleted by holding key down for two seconds or longer.
66 5.2 Saving to Memory 5.2.2 Saving Using the EXT.HOLD/MEMO Terminal The EXT.HOLD/MEMO terminal can be used for the same purposes as key. This requires the optional 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH. To avoid damage to the instrument, do not enter voltage to the EXT.HOLD/MEMO terminal. 1. Disconnect the test lead from the battery subject to measurement. 2. Insert the miniplug of the 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH into the EXT.HOLD/MEMO terminal. 3.
5.3 Turning Off the Memory Feature 67 5.3 Turning Off the Memory Feature To turn off the memory feature when it is on, hold key down for two seconds or longer. "OFF" will be displayed, and the screen will return to the normal mode.
68 5.4 Reading Saved Data 5.4 Reading Saved Data Saved measured values can be read and displayed. 1. Press key. This will display the reading screen. 2. Press / keys to select the memory no. Press / keys to select In this example, C.003 has digits. been selected The measurement values for the selected memory no. will be displayed. • Press key to check the date and time of saving (which will be displayed while the key is depressed).
5.5 Deleting Saved Data 69 5.5 Deleting Saved Data Saved measured values can be deleted as described below. 5.5.1 Deleting a Single Data Set 1. Press 4 Press / keys to select In this example, unit C has been selected (The measured values saved under C.003 will be displayed.) 7 9 10 Memory no. flashes Press 6 8 key. If there is no activity for approximately three seconds, the reading screen will be displayed. 4. Memory Feature 3. 5 Press / keys to select the memory no. Press digits.
70 5.5 Deleting Saved Data 5.5.2 Deleting an Entire Unit (400 sets) 1. Press key. This will display the reading screen. 2. Press / keys to select the memory no. In this example, unit C has been selected. 3. Press key two times. If there is no activity for approximately three seconds, the reading screen will be displayed. Unit name is flashing In this example, unit C has been selected. 4. Press key to save the settings. All data saved to the selected unit (400 sets) will be deleted.
5.5 Deleting Saved Data 71 5.5.3 Deleting All Data (12 units/4800 sets) 1. Press 1 key. 2 This will display the reading screen. 3 4 2. key 5 three Memory Feature Press times. 6 If there is no activity for approximately three seconds, the reading screen will be displayed. 7 "-.- - -" is flashing This display indicates that all units have been selected. 3. Press key to save the settings. All data (12 units/4800 sets) will be deleted.
72 5.
73 6.1 Averaging Feature Other Features Chapter 6 1 6.1 Averaging Feature 2 When measured values are unstable, they can be stabilized using averaging. The number of times averaging is conducted can be selected from four, eight, or 16 times. When using the averaging feature, icon is displayed on the screen. This feature is turned off under initial settings and after resetting the system. Press key to display the current number of times used for averaging.
74 6.2 Auto-hold Feature 6.2 Auto-hold Feature This feature can be used to recognize automatically the stability of measured values and to hold measured values. Configuring the Auto-hold Feature Press several times key to display the Auto-hold OFF icon. Automemory Auto-hold & Auto-memory Releasing the Hold Release the hold by pressing key or the PRESS button on the 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH. • When "- - - -" is displayed, the auto-hold feature cannot be used.
6.3 Auto-memory Feature 75 6.3 Auto-memory Feature This feature saves measured values to memory automatically, immediately after the values have been held. 2 Configuring the Auto-memory Feature Press several times key to display the point, the memory feature is in effect. Auto-hold OFF 1 icon. At this Automemory Auto-hold & Auto-memory 3 4 5 6 When using the auto-memory feature together with this feature, measured values can be saved automatically after holding them.
76 6.4 Auto-power-save Feature (APS) 6.4 Auto-power-save Feature (APS) The auto-power-save feature can be used to control the instrument's power consumption. When any of the following conditions has continued for approximately ten seconds with no keys pressed, power to the instrument will be turned off automatically.
6.4 Auto-power-save Feature (APS) 77 Turning the Auto-power-save Feature On and Off 1 1. Press 2. While 2 key to turn the power off. holding down, press 3 key key. 4 This will display the autopower-save configuration screen. 5 On is flashing 3. keys, Other Features Using select "OFF." 7 To turn the auto-power-save feature on, select "On." 8 OFF is selected 4. 6 Press key to save the settings. This will finalize the configuration process and restart the instrument.
78 6.5 System Reset 6.5 System Reset These steps can be used to restore the instrument to its initial configuration conditions. However, note that the following settings will not be deleted: • Date and time • Saved measurement data (4,800 data sets) • Comparator permissible values (200 sets) 1. 2. Press key to turn the power off. While holding down, press key key. This will display the system reset screen. no is flashing 3. Using keys, select "YES". Select "no" to cancel the system reset.
6.5 System Reset 79 Initial Configuration Conditions (Factory Settings) 1 Resistance range 3.000 mΩ 2 Voltage range 6.000 V Average range OFF Zero-adjustment feature Releasing Auto-hold feature OFF Auto-memory feature OFF Comparator feature OFF Auto-power-save feature ON 4 5 6 Other Features Comparator buzzer setting WARNING/FAIL (ON) 3 7 8 • When the system-reset screen has been displayed unintentionally, turn the power on again.
80 6.6 Battery Level Indicator 6.6 Battery Level Indicator The battery level indicator is displayed in the upper right-hand area of the screen. Battery level indicator Battery level indicator Battery status Battery condition when new alkaline batteries have been inserted. Battery condition after approximately four hours of use. Battery condition after approximately seven hours of use.This indicator is displayed when the batteries are almost out of power.
81 Connecting with a Computer Chapter 7 1 2 Notation • Unless otherwise specified, “Windows” represents Windows 98SE, Me, 2000, or Windows XP. • Dialog box represents a Windows dialog box. • Menus, commands, dialogs, buttons in a dialog, and other names on the screen and the keys are indicated in brackets. 3 4 5 6 Click Press and quickly release the left button of the mouse. 7 Right-click Press and quickly release the right button of the mouse.
82 7.1 Overview 7.1 Overview By connecting the instrument to a personal computer using the USB cable, measurement data stored in the instrument's internal memory can be transferred to the personal computer and comparator permissible values set on the personal computer can be loaded to the instrument. In addition, clock settings and measurement data can be deleted. Editing a table of permissible values on the 3554 (⇒ p.112) Reading data from the 3554’s internal memory (⇒ p.
83 7.1 Overview 7.1.1 Recommended Operating Environment CPU Pentium III 500 MHz or more 1 Compatible OS Windows 98SE, Me, 2000, XP Internet Explorer 5.0 or later 2 1024 X 768 dots True Color (32 bit) or higher recommended 3 Resolution Memory 128 MB or more HDD capacity 20 MB or more of disk space (Additional hard-disc space required for storing record data) 5 USB Ver.1.1 or later (Only one model 3554 instrument can be connected to the PC at a time.
84 7.2 Installing the Software 7.2 Installing the Software Before connecting the instrument to a personal computer, be sure to install Application Software for 3554. 7.2.1 Installation 1. 2. Start up the personal computer. 3. Insert the CD that came with the instrument (Application Software for 3554) into the computer's CD-ROM drive. Stop all applications being executed on the computer (recommended).
7.2 Installing the Software 5. 85 When the installShield Wizard appears, click the [Next] button. 1 2 3 4 Click 5 6. Enter your username and company name, and then click [Next].
86 7. 7.2 Installing the Software Click [Next]. Click [Browse] to change the directory to which the application will be installed. (1) Click (2) Click 8. Click [Install].
7.2 Installing the Software 87 Windows will begin installing. 1 2 3 4 9. When the installShield Wizard Complete appears, click the [Finish] button. 5 6 7 Connecting with a Computer 8 Click 10. After the installation is complete, complete the installation process by ejecting the CD from the CD-ROM drive. 9 10 索引 The latest version of Application Software for 3554 can be downloaded from the Hioki Website. URL: http://www.hioki.co.
88 7.2 Installing the Software 7.2.2 Uninstalling (removing) the Application If Application Software for 3554 is active, be sure to close the application before uninstalling it. 1. Select the [Add or Remove Programs] in the Control Panel, under the Start menu. Click 2. Select [Application Software for 3554], and then click [Remove]. (1) Click (2) Click On Windows98SE or Windows Me, select the [Add or Remove Programs] in the Control Panel, under Settings on the Start menu.
7.3 Installing the USB Driver 89 7.3 Installing the USB Driver 1 Do not plug in or unplug the USB cable while the instrument is operating. After installing Application Software for 3554, the USB driver can be installed by connecting the instrument with the personal computer using the USB cable. (Once Application Software for 3554 has been installed, there is no need to reinsert the CD into the computer's CD-ROM drive to install the driver.) 2 3 4 5 1. Install the personal-computer software (⇒ p.84).
90 4. 7.3 Installing the USB Driver Following the instructions in the [Found New Hardware Wizard] dialog box, install the driver. (WindosXP used) Procedures for using the Found New Hardware Wizard differ by operating system used. Driver installation methods for each operating system are described below. "Section 7.3.1 "Section 7.3.2 "Section 7.3.3 "Section 7.3.4 For WindowsXP" (⇒ p.91) For Windows2000" (⇒ p.94) For WindowsMe" (⇒ p.97) For Windows98SE" (⇒ p.
7.3 Installing the USB Driver 91 7.3.1 For WindowsXP 1. The [Found New Hardware Wizard] dialog box will appear. Select [No, not this time], and then click [Next]. Depending on the version of Windows XP used, instead of displaying this dialog box the computer might go directly to the dialog box in Step 2 instead. 1 2 3 4 (1) Click 5 (2) Click 2. 7 Connecting with a Computer Select [Install from a list or specific location] and then click [Next].
92 3. 7.3 Installing the USB Driver Select [Search for the best driver in these locations] and place a checkmark by [Include this location in the search] (if there are checkmarks next to any other items, uncheck them). In the location field, type [C:\Program Files\HIOKI\3554\Driver] and then click [Next]. (If you have installed Application Software for 3554 in another directory, enter the path to that directory instead of the one shown in the example above.
7.3 Installing the USB Driver 4. 93 Click [Continue Anyway]. After Windows XP checks the software, it will display a warning stating that the software has not been certified by Microsoft. Click "Continue Anyway." 1 2 3 4 5 Click 6 Windows will begin copying the driver files. 5. 7 Connecting with a Computer When installation is complete, the next dialog will appear. Click [Finish].
94 7.3 Installing the USB Driver 7.3.2 For Windows2000 1. The [Found New Hardware Wizard] dialog box will appear and then click [Next]. Click 2. Select [Search for a suitable driver for my device] and then click [Next].
7.3 Installing the USB Driver 3. 95 Place a checkmark by [Specify a location] (if there are checkmarks next to any other items, uncheck them) and then click [Next]. 1 2 3 4 (1) Check (2) Click 5 6 4. 7 Connecting with a Computer In the location field, type [C:\Program Files\HIOKI\3554\ Driver] and then click [OK]. (If you have installed Application Software for 3554 in another directory, enter the path to that directory instead of the one shown in the example above.
96 7.3 Installing the USB Driver The driver can also be installed by inserting the included CD into the computer's CD-ROM derive and entering [X:\Driver] in the location field. ([X] in the above file location indicates the CD-ROM drive. The letter allocated to the CD-ROM drive may vary by computer.) 5. Click [Next]. Click 6. When installation is complete, the next dialog will appear. Click [Finish].
7.3 Installing the USB Driver 97 7.3.3 For WindowsMe 1. The [Found New Hardware Wizard] dialog box will appear. Select [Specify the location of the driver], and then click [Next].
98 2. 7.3 Installing the USB Driver Select [Search for the best driver for your device] and place a checkmark by [Specify a location] (if there are checkmarks next to any other items, uncheck them). In the location field, type [C:\Program Files\HIOKI\3554\ Driver] and then click [Next]. (If you have installed Application Software for 3554 in another directory, enter the path to that directory instead of the one shown in the example above.
7.3 Installing the USB Driver 3. 99 Click [Next]. 1 2 3 Click 4 Windows will begin copying the driver files. 4. When installation is complete, the next dialog will appear. Click [Finish]. 5 6 7 Connecting with a Computer 8 Click (In some cases, it may take some time until the [Found New Hardware Wizard] closes.
100 7.3 Installing the USB Driver 7.3.4 For Windows98SE 1. The [Found New Hardware Wizard] dialog box will appear and then click [Next]. Click 2. Select [Search for the best driver for your device] and then click [Next].
7.3 Installing the USB Driver 3. 101 Place a checkmark by [Specify a location] (if there are checkmarks next to any other items, uncheck them). In the location field, type [C:\Program Files\HIOKI\3554\ Driver] and then click [Next]. (If you have installed Application Software for 3554 in another directory, enter the path to that directory instead of the one shown in the example above.
102 4. 7.3 Installing the USB Driver Click [Next]. Click Windows will begin copying the driver files. 5. When installation is complete, the next dialog will appear. Click [Finish]. Click (In some cases, it may take some time until the [Found New Hardware Wizard] closes.
7.4 Using the Software 103 7.4 Using the Software 1 7.4.1 Connecting the 3554 to a Computer 1. 2. Turn on the power to the instrument. After turning on the power, check the instrument's remaining battery power. If the remaining battery power is low, replace the batteries with new ones. (⇒ p.26) 2 3 4 Connect the instrument to a personal computer using the included USB cable. "PC" is displayed on the instrument's screen.
104 7.4 Using the Software 7.4.2 Starting the Software 1. Double-click on the top. icon on the computer's desk- The software's initialization screen will appear. 2. When the following message has been displayed, check the USB cable connection or the power supply and then click [OK]. Click If the USB cable is not connected, communication attempts will result in errors.
7.4 Using the Software 105 7.4.3 Clock-setting 1. Click [SET COMP/Clock] on the initialization screen. 1 2 Click 3 4 5 6 7 Click [Set Clock]. Connecting with a Computer 2.
106 3. 7.4 Using the Software Click on the [ST] arrows to set the current date and time (year, month, day, hour, and minute values), and then click [Set]. The current data and time values of the computer's clock will be displayed by default. If these are correct, simply click [Set] without changing them. (1) Set (2) Click The clock settings will be finalized and transmitted to the 3554 instrument.
7.4 Using the Software 107 7.4.4 Preparing a New Table of Permissible Values Up to 200 tables of comparator permissible values can be prepared. 1 2 1. Click [SET COMP/Clock] on the initialization screen. 3 Click 4 5 6 7 Click [COMP Table]. Connecting with a Computer 2.
108 3. 7.4 Using the Software Click [New File]. Click [Edit Comparator Table] will appear.
109 7.4 Using the Software 4. Entering configurations for each table. 1 (1) 2 (2) (3) (4) 3 (5) 4 Configure all tables by repeating steps (1) - (5) above. 5. Save these configurations to a file by clicking [Save]. See "Section 7.4.7 Transferring Tables of Permissible Values" (⇒ p.115) for details of transferring tables of permissible values. 5 6 7 Connecting with a Computer (In the illustration above, resistance upper limit no. 1 has been set at 130.0 mΩ, resistance upper limit no. 2 at 140.
110 7.4 Using the Software 7.4.5 Editing Files of Permissible Values 1. Click [SET COMP/Clock] on the initialization screen. Click 2. Click [COMP Table].
7.4 Using the Software 3. 111 Click [Edit File]. 1 2 Click 3 4 5 4. Click comparator table file and then click [Open]. 6 7 8 (2) Click 5. Connecting with a Computer (1) Click 9 10 Editing configurations for each table. Refer to "Section 7.4.4 Preparing a New Table of Permissible Values" (⇒ p.107) for how to set. 索引 Editing the saved file using another application could make it unreadable by this application.
112 7.4 Using the Software 7.4.6 Editing a Table of Permissible Values on the 3554 1. Click [SET COMP/Clock] on the initialization screen. Click 2. Click [COMP Table].
7.4 Using the Software 3. 113 Click [Edit 3554 data]. 1 2 3 Click 4 5 4. Following dialog box will appear and then Click [Yes]. 6 7 Receipt of the table of permissible values will begin.
114 5. 7.4 Using the Software After receipt of the table of permissible values is complete, click [OK]. Click 6. Editing configurations for each table. Refer to "Section 7.4.4 Preparing a New Table of Permissible Values" (⇒ p.107) for how to set. Transfer takes approximately three seconds.
7.4 Using the Software 115 7.4.7 Transferring Tables of Permissible Values Transferring tables of permissible values will overwrite all tables of permissible values stored on the instrument. 1 2 1. Click [Transfer] on the Edit Comparator Table dialog box. 3 4 5 6 7 Following dialog box will appear. Click [Yes] to transfer the data if desired.
116 7.4 Using the Software If the data has not already been saved, the following dialog box will appear. Click [Yes] to save the data if desired. Click Tables of permissible value transfer will begin. 2. After tables of permissible value transfer is complete, click [OK]. Click • Transfer takes approximately six seconds. • Do not turn off the power to the instrument or disconnect the USB cable during transfer. Doing so will damage the transfer of tables of permissible values.
7.4 Using the Software 117 7.4.8 Reading Data from the 3554's Internal Memory The application can be used to read measurement data saved to the instrument's internal memory. 1 2 1. Click [Read/Delete Data] on the initialization screen. 3 Click 4 5 6 7 Click [Read Data]. Connecting with a Computer 2.
118 3. 7.4 Using the Software Click the number of the unit to read. Click [ALL UNITs] to read all units. Click If no data has been saved to the instrument's internal memory, the unit numbers will be covered in a mesh-like pattern and will not be available for choosing. 4. Select the directory to which to save the read data, enter a filename, and then click [OK].
7.4 Using the Software 119 Data transfer will begin. 1 2 3 4 5 5. When transfer is complete, the following dialog box will appear. Click [OK]. 6 7 Connecting with a Computer • Transfer of a single unit (400 units of data) takes approximately eight seconds. • Transfer of all units (4,800 units of data) takes approximately 90 seconds. • The transfer times given are approximations. The actual time needed may vary depending on the processing speed of the personal computer used.
120 6. 7.4 Using the Software To open the read data, open the file in the directory designated in step 4. (Example: opening the data in Microsoft Excel) In this way, the data read from the instrument can be checked.
7.4 Using the Software 121 7.4.9 Deleting Data From the 3554's Internal Memory The application can be used to read measurement data saved to the instrument's internal memory. 1 2 1. Click [Read/Delete Data] on the initialization screen. 3 Click 4 5 6 7 Connecting with a Computer 2. 8 Click [Delete Data].
122 3. 7.4 Using the Software Click the number of the unit to delete. Click [ALL UNITs] to delete all units. Click If no data has been saved to the instrument's internal memory, the unit numbers will be covered in a mesh-like pattern and will not be available for choosing. 4. Click [OK]. Click Data deletion will begin. Click [Cancel] to return to the previous screen. • Deletion of a single unit (400 units of data) takes approximately 0.5 seconds.
7.4 Using the Software 123 7.4.10 Closing the Application 1. 1 Click [Exit] on the initialization screen. 2 3 4 (1) Click 5 6 7 Connecting with a Computer 8 9 10 (2) Click 2. A confirmation dialog will appear. Click [Yes]. Application Software for 3554 will close.
124 7.
8.1 General Specifications Specifications 125 Chapter 8 1 8.1 General Specifications 2 Measurement modes • Measurement of battery internal resistance • Measurement of battery terminal voltage (DC voltage only) • Temperature measurement 3 Measurement range • Resistance • Voltage • Temperature (After 0 adjustment) 4 Measurement method • Resistance • Temperature 0.000 mΩ to 3.100 Ω (Four-range structure) 0.000 V to ± 60.00 V (Two-range structure) -10.0°C to 60.
126 8.1 General Specifications Detection of constant-current irregularities "- - - -" is displayed Disconnect detection "- - - -" is displayed Processing excess input "OF" is displayed Input terminals • Resistance, voltage measurement terminals Banana-plug type Maximum input voltage: DC ± 60 Vmax. (Not compatible with AC input) Input resistance: 20 kΩ or higher • Temperature-measurement input terminal Earphone-type jack (3.5 mm in diameter) • Switch input terminal Earphone-type jack (2.
8.1 General Specifications 127 Zero-adjustment Details of operation Measured values upon implementation (upon obtaining adjusted values) are set at zero Initial status OFF Adjustment range Up to 300 counts for each range (resistance, voltage) 1 2 3 Auto holding of measured values Details of operation Holding (ceasing updating of) displayed values Hold method (1) Pressing the HOLD key (2) Inputting signals to the EXT.
128 8.1 General Specifications Memory Feature Details of operation While the measured values are being held, press the MEMO key to save them to the instrument's internal memory. When the auto-memory feature is on, measured values will be saved to the instrument's internal memory when held. Saved data can be deleted.
8.1 General Specifications 129 Auto-memory Feature Details of operation Saves measured value data automatically when held. Saved data can be cancelled by pressing the CLEAR key.
130 8.1 General Specifications Clock Features 24-hour clock; automatically adjusts for leap year Precision +/- approximately 4 minutes/month Other features Runs on internal backup lithium battery Battery life: approximately 10 years Data Stored (to internal EEPROM [nonvolatile memory]) Measurement range configuration, zero-adjust values, averaging settings, measurement data saved to memory, comparator permissible values, comparator nos., memory settings, memory nos., reading nos.
8.1 General Specifications Dimensions 131 Approx. 192W × 121H × 55D mm / 7.56"W × 4.76"H × 2.17"D (sans protrusions) Mass Approx. 790 g / 27.9 oz. (within batteries) Dielectric strength Between all measurement terminals and USB terminal: AC 1.
132 8.2 Accuracy Accessories Model 9465-10 PIN TYPE LEAD........... 1 USB cable ............................................. 1 Application Software CD ....................... 1 Strap ...................................................... 1 Instruction manual ................................. 1 Carrying case ........................................ 1 Zeroadjustment board ........................... 1 LR6 alkaline batteries............................ 8 Fuse (216.315, Littelfuse,INC) (F315mAH / 250 V) ...
8.2 Accuracy 133 Resistance measurement • Temperature coefficient: 3 mΩ range: (± 0.01 rdg. ± 0.8 dgt.)/°C Other range: (± 0.01 rdg. ± 0.5 dgt.)/°C • Measurement current reliability: ± 10% • Measurement current frequency: 1 kHz ± 30 Hz Range Maximum displayed value Resolution 3 mΩ 3.100 mΩ 1 µΩ 30 mΩ 31.00 mΩ 10 µΩ 300 mΩ 310.0 mΩ 100 µΩ 3Ω 3.100 Ω 1 mΩ Accuracy ± 1.0 %rdg. ± 8 dgt. 2 Measured current 15 mA 5 • Temperature coefficient; (± 0.005 %rdg. ± 0.5 dgt.
134 8.3 Communications 8.3 Communications USB Interface Hardware Uses RS-232C/USB converter Operating method When connecting the instrument to a personal computer via the USB cable, the instrument shifts to PC mode. Measurement ceases when in PC mode.
9.1 Troubleshooting Maintenance and Service 135 Chapter 9 9.1 Troubleshooting Never modify the instrument. Only Hioki service engineers should disassemble or repair the instrument. Failure to observe these precautions may result in fire, electric shock, or injury. • If damage is suspected, check the "Troubleshooting" section before contacting your dealer or Hioki representative. • The instrument contains a built-in backup lithium battery, which offers a service life of about ten years.
136 9.1 Troubleshooting Before Returning for Repair If the instrument appears to be operating unusually, check the following: Symptoms Items to check/countermeasures Nothing displayed Are the batteries out of power? on screen even →If so, replace them with new batteries. after pressing (⇒ p.26) POWER key Are the batteries inserted correctly? →Check to see whether the batteries have been inserted correctly. If not, reinsert them correctly. (⇒ p.
9.1 Troubleshooting 137 Symptoms Items to check/countermeasures No temperature displayed on screen when using the 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEMPERATURE SENSOR with temperature sensor. Has the 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEMPERATURE SENSOR with temperature sensor been connected correctly? →If not, connect it correctly. (⇒ p.51) Nothing displayed on This key cannot be used when no screen even after press- data has been saved.
138 9.2 Error Display 9.2 Error Display Conduct the following checks when an error message has been displayed on screen. Error message Details Err Response Zero-adjust failure Ensure the probe is connected correctly and conduct the zero adjustment again. (⇒ p.37) no AdJ Irregularity in adjustment data Repairs required. Contact your dealer or Hioki representative.
9.3 Frequently Asked Questions 139 9.3 Frequently Asked Questions 1 9.3.1 Can Manganese Batteries be Used? The period for which the instrument can be used continuously (approximately 10 hours) is measured using alkaline batteries. Note that use of 2 3 manganese batteries will reduce this time considerably (to approximately three hours). 4 5 9.3.
140 9.3 Frequently Asked Questions 9.3.3 Setting Permissible Values For determining battery wear, first measure internal resistance in a new or good battery. The graph below shows the relation between storage capacity and initial value of internal resistance in a lead-acid battery. "CS," "HS," and "MSE" denote JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) lead-acid battery types. Internal resistance of an MSE (sealed stationary lead-acid battery) can be read at approximately 1 mΩ (100 Ah) and approximately 0.
9.4 Replacing the Fuse 141 9.4 Replacing the Fuse When the instrument's fuse has burned out, replace it as described below. 1 • To avoid electric shock when replacing the fuse, first disconnect the test leads from the battery to be measured. After replacing the fuse, replace the fuse cover and screws before using the instrument. • Replace the fuse only with one of the specified characteristics. Using a non-specified fuse or shorting the fuse holder may cause a life-threatening hazard. Fuse type: 216.
142 9.5 Replacing the Test Lead Pin 9.5 Replacing the Test Lead Pin The conductive-tip contact pin is replaceable. Replace the pin with a new one if it is broken or worn. One-piece conductive-tip contact pins with a plastic pin base are available separately. 1. Turn off the power of the instrument and remove the cable. 2. Unscrew the cable lock to unlock the cable. (The cable is locked by screwing the cable lock.) Model 9465-10 3.
9.6 Cleaning 5. 143 Fasten a new pin. Press the tip of the pin against a hard board so that the pin won’t spring out, and push the connector onto the pin. 1 2 Model 9465-90 tip pin 3 4 6. Assemble the pin type lead in the reverse order of disassembling. Do not pull or twist the cable. 5 7. To avoid broken wires and contact failures, after tightening the cable lock, gently tug and twist the cable to check it is firmly held. 6 8. Check the performance. Measure an object with a known resistance.
144 9.7 Discarding the Instrument 9.7 Discarding the Instrument • When disposing of this instrument, remove the lithium battery and dispose of battery and instrument in accordance with local regulations. • To avoid electrocution, turn off the power switch and disconnect the test lead before removing the lithium battery. 1 Turning off Rear panel 1. Turn off the power to the instrument and remove the test leads. 2.
10.1 Effects of Extending the Measurement Lead Appendix 145 Chapter 10 1 10.1 Effects of Extending the Measurement Lead and Induced Voltage 2 The test lead extension is normally performed by Hioki. If you want extension performed, contact your dealer or Hioki representative. Users should not extend the measurement leads. 3 4 Reducing Induced Voltage Since the instrument measures a minute resistance with AC power, it is affected by induced voltage.
146 10.2 Effect of Eddy Currents 10.2 Effect of Eddy Currents The AC current generated in the instrument induces eddy currents in the surrounding metallic plates, which generate induced voltage in the test lead. Since the phase of this induced voltage is shifted from that of the AC current (reference signal) by 180 degrees, it cannot be eliminated by the synchronous detection circuit, resulting in measurement errors.
10.3 AC Four-terminal Method 147 10.3 AC Four-terminal Method The instrument uses the AC four-terminal method, so that resistance measurement can be carried out with the resistance of the leads and the contact resistance between the leads and the object to be measured canceled out. The following figure shows the principle of the AC four-terminal measurement method.
148 10.3 AC Four-terminal Method Reactance Impedance Effective resistance If the lead resistance, the contact resistance between measured object and lead, or the contact resistance between the lead and the instrument increases, the instrument can no longer supply normal current to the measured object, resulting in an abnormal measurement status indicated by "- - - -" within the measured resistance field. For more information on abnormal measurements (⇒ p.42).
10.4 Effects of Current Density 149 10.4 Effects of Current Density When the subject of measurement is wide or thick When the subject of measurement has width or thickness, such as when it is in plate or block form, it is difficult to get accurate measurements using clip-type or pin leads. Using such leads could result in variation measured values ranging from single to double digits in percentage points, due to contact pressure or angles.
150 10.4 Effects of Current Density 0.1 mΩ 0.2 mΩ 0.3 mΩ 0.4 mΩ Current source Current source (Illustration 1) A plot of the equipotential lines of metal plate showing current distribution at 50 µV intervals when applying a 1 A current at the endpoints of the plate (W 300 X L 370 X t 0.
10.5 Synchronous Detection System 151 10.5 Synchronous Detection System The figure below shows an equivalent circuit for a battery. If the measured object exhibits other electrical characteristics in addition to resistance, as shown in this figure, we can use the synchronous detection system to obtain the effective resistance of the object. This synchronous detection system is also used to separate faint signals from noise.
152 10.5 Synchronous Detection System Given "v1," a reference signal voltage for the AC current generated in the instrument, and "v2," the signal voltage for use in synchronous detection, these parameters may be expressed by the equation given below. θ of v2 shows the phase difference against v1 and is generated by the reactance.
153 10.6 Test Lead Options 10.6 Test Lead Options 1 10.6.1 Model 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEMPERATURE SENSOR Resistance, voltage, and temperature can be measured simultaneously. Banana plug (red) 2 3 Clip (red) Miniplug (TEMP SENSOR) 4 5 Temperature sensor 6 Clip (black) Banana plug (black) + SOURCE 7 SENSE 8 10.6.2 Model 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH By attaching this switch to the test lead, values can be held during measurement. 9 10 Miniplug φ2.5 mm (EXT.
154 10.6 Test Lead Options 10.6.3 Model 9467 LARGE CLIP TYPE LEAD These can be clipped to samples in relatively thick bar form. Four-terminal measurement can be conducted just by clipping these to the subject. Distance between the split and the probe: approximately 250 mm Distance between the connector and the split: approximately 850 mm Maximum clip diameter: approximately 29 mm 10.6.4 Model 9772 PIN TYPE LEAD φ1.8 Probe (red) (Unit: mm) 9.15 2.5 4.
10.7 Calibration Procedure 155 10.7 Calibration Procedure 1 To prevent damage to the instrument, do not input voltage between the positive SOURCE and SENSE terminals or between the negative SOURCE and SENSE terminals. Also, do not conduct measurement when the instrument is turned off. 2 Refer to the "Section 8.2 Accuracy" (⇒ p.132) concerning the calibration environment. 4 10.7.1 Resistometer Calibration • Use a standard resistor resistant to wear from age and with strong temperature performance.
156 10.7 Calibration Procedure 10.7.2 Voltmeter Calibration • Use a generator that can output a DC voltage of 60 V. • For connection of a generator to the instrument, see the figure below. • Do not apply an alternating current from the instrument to the generator, as the generator may malfunction. • Use a low-impedance (50 Ω or less) voltage source. If "- - - -" (disconnect) is displayed on the screen, turn off the power to the instrument and restart it by pressing the key while holding down key.
HIOKI 3554 BATTERY HiTESTER Instruction Manual Publication date: March 2006 Edition 1 Edited and published by HIOKI E.E. CORPORATION Technical Support Section All inquiries to International Sales and Marketing Department 81 Koizumi, Ueda, Nagano, 386-1192, Japan TEL: +81-268-28-0562 / FAX: +81-268-28-0568 E-mail: os-com@hioki.co.jp URL http://www.hioki.co.
HEAD OFFICE 81 Koizumi, Ueda, Nagano 386-1192, Japan TEL +81-268-28-0562 / FAX +81-268-28-0568 E-mail: os-com@hioki.co.jp / URL http://www.hioki.co.
