HiSpeed Fast Ethernet Switch Troubleshooting Guide Part No.
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Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction Purpose of the Guide ......................................................................................................1-1 Basic Troubleshooting Tips ............................................................................................1-1 How to Contact Tech Support .........................................................................................1-2 Chapter 2 HiSpeed Switch What is the HiSpeed Switch? ..............................................
Chapter 4 Cabling Basic Connections ..........................................................................................................4-1 10BASE-TX Ports ....................................................................................................4-2 10/100BASE-TX Ports .............................................................................................4-3 100BASE-FX Ports ..................................................................................................
HiView Switch Management ...........................................................................................6-4 Windows 95/Windows NT 4.0 ..................................................................................6-4 UNIX .........................................................................................................................6-5 HiView Tips .............................................................................................................6-5 Windows 95/NT 4.0 .......
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting at the Network Layer IP (Internet Protocol) ....................................................................................................10-1 Other IP-related Services ......................................................................................10-2 RIP (Routing Information Protocol) ........................................................................10-2 Route Cache Forwarding vs. IP Forwarding ..........................................................
Chapter 12 FDDI Concepts HiSpeed FDDI Uplink ...................................................................................................12-2 Cable Connections .................................................................................................12-3 Observing LEDs ...........................................................................................................12-4 FDDI Bridge Modes ..................................................................................................
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List of Figures Figure 2-1. Model HS140-010 base model with an HS-150-010-16E expansion module installed ......................................................................2-4 Figure 2-2. HS150-100-16 base model with an HS150-100-8E expansion module installed .......................................................................................2-5 Figure 3-1. Module LEDs ...........................................................................................3-2 Figure 5-1. Network Media .....
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List of Tables Table 2-1. Base model configurations .......................................................................2-3 Table 2-2. HiSpeed switch expansion modules ........................................................2-5 Table 2-3. Uplink modules for the HS15-010 and HS150-100 ..................................2-6 Table 3-1. LED status ...............................................................................................3-2 Table 3-2. RJ-45 LEDs .................................
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Chapter 1 Introduction Purpose of the Guide The purpose of this troubleshooting guide is to assist users in understanding, identifying and diagnosing network related problems in a switched network environment. Additionally, the guide allows users to gain a better understanding of the Hitachi’s HiSpeed switch functionality, features, and performance. Note: This guide is not intended to replace any of the HiSpeed User and Installation Guides.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide ❒ Are all users affected? Or a certain group of users on a specific segment? ❒ Are all types of traffic affected? In other words, what protocols are failing? ❒ Is the problem consistent or intermittent? ❒ Can the users ping themselves? If so, can they ping the gateway and beyond? ❒ Have you tried resetting the switch? How to Contact Tech Support For technical support, contact Hitachi’s Internetworking Solution Center: Hours:
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Introduction Abatch program called dispcfg is available on Hitachi’s anonymous FTP server (204.48.18.63). When used in combination with HiSpeed’s debugging commands, relevant configuration on the switch is captured and the results are written to the file dispcfg.dat. Refer to dispcfg.doc for instructions on how to run the batch program. Forward the results to Hitachi’s Technical Support Team via the WEB or email.
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Chapter 2 HiSpeed Switch What is the HiSpeed Switch? The HiSpeed switch is a multiprotocol, Fast Ethernet workgroup switch than can be configured for up to 32 10/100 Mbps LAN switch ports, depending on the model. The HiSpeed switch maximizes performance in existing shared media LANs by allowing up to 32 separate collision domains on a per port basis. By segmenting the network in this fashion, the amount of collisions are reduced and the available network bandwidth is optimized.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide ❒ Supports multiple hardware configurations and provides support for the following port configurations: — 10BASE-TX ports — 10/100BASE-TX ports — 100BASE-FX ports — PCI-based ATM Uplink to server — PCI-based FDDI Uplink to server ❒ Supports field-upgradeable expansion modules for maximum customization ❒ Supports Autonegotiation on all 10/100 Mbps ports ❒ Supports full- or half-duplex on all 10/100BASE-TX ports ❒ Provides port m
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Each of the HS150 and HS140 models has one expansion slot which can be populated with an expansion module that doubles the number and/or type of available ports. The expansion modules can be installed in the field or at the factory prior to shipment. The HS150 switch models also have a PCI bus for the addition of an uplink module. The uplink module provides a dedicated connection to a server or network backbone.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide HS140/150-010 Model The -010 models ship with a sixteen port module configured in the captive slot. This module can consist of 10BASE-TX, 10/100BASE-TX or 100BASE-FX type ports and can be configured with either all one type of port or a combination of three types of ports. The expansion slot is capable of accepting an additional 16 ports for a total of 32 ports per switch.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch ➄ ➃ 9 10/100 BASE-T 10 11 12 13 10/100 BASE-T 14 15 16 1 10/100 BASE-T 2 3 4 5 10/100 BASE-T 6 7 8 Console HiSpeed NETWORK SWITCH ➀ Key: ➀ ➁ ➂ ➃ ➄ ➂ ➁ Console port Reset button/Power LED Onboard module (with TX ports) Expansion slot (with TX ports) UpLink slot Figure 2-2.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide UpLink Modules The uplink module is installed into the uplink slot located in the upper left corner of the front panel. The uplink provides high-speed server access for FDDI and ATM. Only the HS150-010 and -100 models accommodates the uplink. Table 2-3 lists the available uplink modules. Table 2-3.
Chapter 3 Hardware Diagnostics The power and status LEDs indicate the general operations of the HiSpeed switch. The HiSpeed switch provides transparent operation once it has been installed and configured. If you suspect that it may be malfunctioning or causing a system problem, check the status of the LEDs. Call Technical Support to report the condition.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide Activity Collision Link DIAG Status Activity Collision Link DIAG Power A D C D C Activity Collision Link DIAG B Reset Activity Collision Reset Button, Status and Power LEDs Figure 3-1. B A TX LEDs FX LEDs OR Link Diag FX LEDs 3013 Module LEDs Reset Button The Reset button, located on the front panel of the switch, allows you to manually recycle power and reset the switch.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Hardware Diagnostics Table 3-1. Port LED — Activity/Collision (green/amber) LED status Unlit No power to switch Check to see if switch is on. If so, turn it off and reboot. If LED remains unlit, replace the switch. Flashing or solid green Normal operation when port receives or transmits traffic None. Unlit No traffic None. Flashing amber Collisions in half-duplex mode (TX only) None.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide ! " # # $ % Table 3-2. RJ-45 LEDs LED Color Status Description Green Solid Link is active and connected. Flashing The link is interrupted Off There is no link present on the port LINK Link LINK STATUS Diag Amber Used by support engineers.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Hardware Diagnostics HiSpeed Memory, Boot Prom, Flash Components The HiSpeed switch is shipped standard from the factory with the following system configurations.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide ❒ Ethernet port settings: autonegotiation is ON ❒ Spanning Tree is enabled These settings provide for switching in a single broadcast domain.
Chapter 4 Cabling The HiSpeed switch models are similar in physical makeup of ports and LEDs. This section describes the following port types, LED configurations, and connections for all models. ❒ 10BASE-TX ports ❒ 10/100BASE-TX ports ❒ 100BASE-FX ports ❒ Console connection ❒ Reset button Basic Connections For communications to take place between two devices, the transmitter of one device must connect to the receiver of the other device.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide ❒ Line transmission modes on the 10/100BASE-TX ports support both half-duplex and full-duplex operations. By definition, the CSMA/CD protocol is half-duplex where data can be transmitted and received in both directions, but only at one direction at a time. Therefore, 10BASE-TX ports operate in half-duplex mode only.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Cabling 10/100BASE-TX Ports The 10/100BASE-TX ports on the HiSpeed switch are standard RJ-45 connections using UTP Category 5 cabling. These ports, like the 10BASE-TX ports, are wired for MDI-X and require a crossover cable when connecting to an Ethernet hub or another switch. ! Note: Since these ports are capable of operating at 100 Mbps, it is imperative that only Category 5 cabling be used.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide Console Port The console port has a DB-9 male connector used to connect a management terminal to the switch by means of a straight-through DB-9 to DB-9 standard serial port cable. Using a terminal, you can monitor the results of startup self-diagnostics, perform manual boot configuration and SNMP agent configuration, and customize your network using the supplied menus and screens.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Cabling to view and configure the console parameters. For information on these commands, refer to the HiSpeed Switch User Guide, document number US7070424-001, that was shipped with your switch.
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Chapter 5 Fundamentals of Networking Today, there are many different types of computers and networking equipment available. These devices are expected to communicate with each other. For this reason, it is extremely important that a set of rules be established and implemented in order for networking devices to function well together. In 1978, the International Standards Organization (ISO) defined the Open System Interconnection (OSI) Model for networking.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting GUide Layer 7 Layer 6 Layer 5 Layer 4 Layer 3 Layer 2 Layer 1 Figure 5-1. Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical Layer 7 Layer 6 Layer 5 Layer 4 Layer 3 Layer 2 Layer 1 Network Media Layers 1 through 3 define the network and how data is transferred across the network. Layers 4 through 7 define how the data is used. Each of the seven layers are described in more detail below.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Fundamentals of Networking The LLC sublayer defines the logical connection to the upper layer services based on a socket or Service Access Point (SAP). This allows two processes on the same network to maintain a “logical connection” with each other for the purpose of data exchange. Examples of Layer 2 devices are bridges and switches. Layer 3: Network Layer This layer is where the network provides its routing functionality.
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Chapter 6 Methods of Managing the Switch Hitachi’s HiSpeed switch can be managed using the following: ❒ Serial connection on the console port ❒ Telnet session over a TCP/IP network ❒ SNMP using HiView’s Graphical User Interface (GUI) CLI (Command Line Interface) Hitachi employes a command line interface (CLI) application for configuring the HiSpeed switch.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting GUide Configure the terminal to use the following parameters: ❒ Data bits: 8 ❒ Stop bit: 1 ❒ Parity: none ❒ Flow control:none Troubleshooting a Console Connection Use the following procedure to troubleshoot the situation when text will not display on the connected console: 1. Verify you are using a null modem cable.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Methods of Managing the Switch Troubleshooting a Telnet Session Use the following procedure when you cannot establish a Telnet session to the switch: 1. Verify that the console setting on the switch is unlocked. /console>lock 2. Verify that a link is established on the Ethernet port. 3. Verify the port is enabled and in “Forwarding” mode. Using the CLI, type vvp 4. Ping yourself first.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting GUide HiView Switch Management The HiSpeed switch can be configured using Hitachi’s HiView graphical user interface (GUI) application. HiView uses Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to communicate to the SNMP agent residing on the switch. Configurations to the switch can be made easily by simply dragging and dropping icons from one window to another. The HiSpeed switch supports the following RMON groups: 1,2,3 and 9.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Methods of Managing the Switch UNIX The minimum system requirements to run on a UNIX platform are as follows: ❒ Sun SPARC station ❒ SunOS 4.1.1 or later ❒ Motif 1.2 or greater ❒ OpenView X.X or later Note: The HiSpeed switch must be running firmware version 1.3.9 or above. HiView Tips Windows 95/NT 4.0 ❒ HiView can only manage one switch at a time. ❒ The default password for login is blank. Click on “OK” to initially launch the application.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting GUide ❒ Select the VLAN prior to changing the VLAN color. Otherwise, a core dump will occur. Troubleshooting HiView ❒ In the FDDI MAC statistics menu, the values for Frame Received and Frame Copied are different than CLI. ❒ When initially creating an ATM service from the CLI and modifying it from HiView, an error will error. It is recommended to create the ATM service from HiView. ❒ The LEC Arp does not contain any valid entries.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Methods of Managing the Switch “::= { enterprises hicam(399) nsg(2) nsgConventions(200) 1 }”. The following is an example of the modified section of the NSGTC.MIB.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting GUide 2. Click on the menu bar labelled “Tools”, then click on “MIB compiler…” A dialog windows will appear (see Figure 6-1). Figure 6-1. 3. MIB Compiler Click on “Invoke MIB Compiler”, select the private MIBs to compile. Note: The compiler will only compile one MIB at a time. Verify that all the compiled MIBs appear in the window labelled “Compiled MB Files”. 4.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Methods of Managing the Switch 6. Click on the menu bar labelled “Tools”and click on “MIB Browser”. A dialog window will appear. See Fig.2 below. Go to this directory : iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt. and click on ( hicam ( nsg . Figure 6-2. private ( enterprises Fig2. MIB Browser Note: Viewing Hitachi’s private MIBs requires further testing.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting GUide SNMPTalk Issues For the RMON groups to work properly, the mib.rt file needs to be loaded in the same directory as SNMPTalk. The mib.rt file contains all MIB information.
Chapter 7 Bridging Concepts Basic Bridging Concepts A bridge operates at the Data Link Layer of the OSI model by forwarding or flooding packets based on the destination MAC addresses. A bridge normally operates in promiscuous mode and learns all packets on the network. The bridge then builds an internal Forwarding table based on the source MAC addresses.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide VLAN 1 forwarding Bridge 1 VLAN 1 forwarding data looping Bridge 2 Bridge 1 Bridge 2 blocking not forwarding forwarding forwarding VLAN 2 VLAN 2 forwarding Bridge 3 forwarding Bridge 3 VLAN 3 VLAN 3 3011 3012 Data looping Figure 7-1.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Bridging Concepts If, on any given port, a bridge decides to keep a packet from another bridge instead of the packet that it would send, it no longer transmits BPDU messages. Basically, it drops out of the running because it realizes there is a better bridge for the job. When the algorithm finally stabilizes, only one bridge on each segment will transmit BPDUs on that segment. This bridge is known as the designated bridge for that segment.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide Problem: After rebooting my PC, I cannot log onto my Novell or DHCP server. Solution: PCs equipped with faster processors will boot up before STA on the switch has completely stabilized. Because the ports on the switch have not gone to ‘Forwarding’, applications on the PCs may have timed out when trying to connect to the server.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Bridging Concepts CLI Commands /vbridge/show/fwt Displays the bridge forwarding Table. /vbridge/show/filter/all Displays all static entries in the Bridge Forwarding Table. /vbridge/show/bridge Displays the bridge parameters per VLAN. /vbridge/show/port Displays the Spanning Tree port parameters per VLAN.
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Chapter 8 VLAN Concepts A VLAN is a network that logically divides workgroups by functions, applications, etc. without regards to the physical location of users, thereby localizing network traffic to those you would communicate with most often. VLANs are bounded by routers, therefore, data within a VLAN does not leave the VLAN without routing. The HiSpeed switch uses IP routing to forward packets across different VLANs. Routing must be enabled per VLAN and assigned an IP address.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide VLAN1 (Default VLAN) 3009 Default VLANs Figure 8-1. Multiple VLANs VLANs VLANs provide some of the following benefits: ❒ Reduced costs As a company grows and reorganizes, physical moves, adds, and re-cabling are made to their network. VLANs provide a cost effective solution to network changes. Because VLANs are location independent, adds and moves are quickly accomplished without the need to rewire the physical infrastructure.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential VLAN Concepts Troubleshooting VLANs Problem: Cannot ping a user(s) on a different VLAN. Solution: Verify the following: Verify that the port(s) the user(s) is connected to has the correct VLAN number(s) assigned to it. /VLAN/SHOW >vlan Verify that you can ping the switch itself. By default, the switch is not pre-configured with an IP address. Therefore, you must enable IP and assign an address to it.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide VLAN Tips For each VLAN created with an IP address, an associated entry is also generated. Therefore, it is critical to verify that these entries exist. If any of the entries are missing, the system configuration may be corrupted. It is recommended to delete and re-create the VLAN.. Table 8-1 lists the VLAN entries and Table 8-2 lists useful CLI commands. Table 8-1.
Chapter 9 Troubleshooting at the MAC Layer Ethernet Ethernet is a LAN based technology with data transmission rates of 10 or 100 Mbps. CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) protocol dictates how Ethernet frames traverse the network. In CSMA/CD, an Ethernet station checks for the presence of a signal on the cable. If there is no signal, the station begins transmission.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting GUide Physical Media Specifications 10BASE-TX 10BASE-5 10BASE-2 (Thick Coaxial cable) (Thin Coaxial cable) (Unshielded Twisted Pair-UTP) Max. stations per segment 1024 1024 1024 1024 Max. segment length 500 meters 185 meters 100 meters 200 meters Connector type DB15 AUI BNC STAR STAR RG-11 RG-58 Cat 3 or 5 62.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Troubleshooting at the MAC Layer alignment errors Frame that contains a total number of bits not divisible by eight and fails the checksum test. This failure may be a result of collision, a defective NIC, bad cabling, etc. oversized frames Frame greater than the maximum Ethernet frame size of 1518 bytes. This failure may be caused by jabbering or defective devices in the network. Can cause FIFO buffer overflow, collisions, fragments, CRC, or alignment errors.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting GUide Troubleshooting Ethernet Problem: Switch is not reporting any port statistics even with traffic on my network. Solution: By default, port statistics is disabled on the switch. /ETHERNET/CONFIG >stat Note: Enabling stats may cause a slight degradation to performance on the switch. Problem: Network is experiencing a large number of packet losses.. Solution: The following solutions apply:.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Troubleshooting at the MAC Layer CLI Commands /ETHERNET/SHOW >port Displays all port speeds, duplexity, autonegotiation. /ETHERNET/SHOW >stat Displays if Ethernet statistics are enabled/ disabled on a per port basis. /ETHERNET/SHOW >count Displays tx/rx statistics & Ethernet errors on a per port basis. /ETHERNET/SHOW >macaddrcount Displays the total count of MAC source address entries in the Bridge Forwarding Table.
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Chapter 10 Troubleshooting at the Network Layer IP (Internet Protocol) The HiSpeed switch supports IP (Internet Protocol), a widely used Network Layer protocol used by devices to communicate across a network. IP utilizes a 32-bit address structure to identify the network and node number. The three primary classes of IP addresses are as follows: Table 10-1. IP address classes Class Range: Subnet Mask: Class A 0 - 127 255.0.0.0 Class B 128 - 191 255.255.0.0 Class C 192 - 223 255.255.255.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide Other IP-related Services The HiSpeed switch supports the following IP-related functions: ❒ Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Used to resolve an IP to MAC address allowing devices to communicate at the Data Link layer. The HiSpeed switch maintains an ARP table of IP to MAC address mappings. ❒ Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Provides a mechanism allowing a device to report an error back to the original source.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Troubleshooting at the Network Layer To prevent routing loops, the HiSpeed switch implements Split Horizon. Networks that are learned through a particular interface will not get advertised back out that same interface. Note: RIP version 1 does not propagate subnets. RIP assumes that the same subnet mask is used throughout the entire network, therefore, ensure subnet masks are identical. Route Cache Forwarding vs.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide Common ICMP Destination Unreachable Messages Network Unreachable This message is sent by a router indicating that it cannot reach the specified network. This may be a result of a misconfigured mask, link down, missing route, or an invalid network. 1. Is the specified destination address a valid network? 2. Is the link up from the router sending the Network Unreachable message? 3.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Troubleshooting at the Network Layer Troubleshooting IP Problem: An external router is connected to my switch. I can ping the router interface on my network but cannot reach any networks beyond the router. Solution: Use the following solutions: Verify that the gateway IP address(es) on the endstation(s) points to the IP address of the VLAN(s) it is connected to.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide and performance issues. If using static routes on the HiSpeed switch, you must configure those routes on those directly connected switches and routers. On the HiSpeed switch, use the following command: /INET/SHOW >static /INET/CONFIG/ROUTE/add Problem: Cannot establish a telnet session to the switch. Solution: The HiSpeed switch uses the well known TCP port 23 for Telnet. Verify that the socket is in a ‘Listen’ state.
Chapter 11 Basic ATM Concepts Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a connection-oriented protocol using 53 byte fixed length cells. One significant advantage of ATM is the ability to carry voice, video and data traffic simultaneously over a 155 megabit per second pipe. The Hitachi HiSpeed switch is an ATM edge device and provides Ethernet to ATM connections over an ATM network.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide Permanent Virtual Circuits vs. Switched Virtual Circuits ATM connections can be established manually (Permanent Virtual Circuits) or dynamically (Switches Virtual Circuits). Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVCs) are usually defined for long-term connections and automatically re-established after a network failure. Switched Virtual Circuits (SVCs) uses Q.2931 signaling to define and release connections as needed.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Basic ATM Concepts The components of an Emulated LAN (ELAN) consists of the following: ❒ LAN Emulation Client (LEC) ❒ LAN Emulation Configuration Server (LECS) ❒ LAN Emulation Server (LES) ❒ Broadcast and Unknown Server (BUS) LAN Emulation Client (LEC) The LAN Emulation Client (LEC) resides on the HiSpeed switch and acts as a proxy for devices connected to the Ethernet ports.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide Classical IP over ATM (CIP) Classical IP (CIP) allows devices in different IP subnets to communicate across an ATM network. If the Classical IP (CIP) interfaces are on different LIS (Logical IP subnets), and an external router is required. However, if the Classical IP (CIP) interfaces are on the same IP subnet, an external router is not required.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Basic ATM Concepts SVC or PVC VLAN 1: VCC 501 VLAN 2: VCC 502 VLAN 1: VCC 501 VLAN 2: VCC 502 PVC HiSpeed switch HiSpeed switch *When configuring a SVC connection, ensure the correct PTOP indexes are mapped to the switch you are connecting to. **When configuring a PVC connection, ensure the VCI values are identical on the switches you are connecting to.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide Hitachi HiSpeed ATM Specifications ❒ UNI 3.0 & 3.1 signaling is supported. ❒ Conforms to ILMI Registration 3.1 and ILMI MIB 4.0 specifications. ❒ Due to memory constraints over the ATM uplink, 16 is the recommended number of PTOP, Trunk, CIP, and LEC instances allowed under heavy traffic load. ❒ One LEC per ELAN is recommended. ❒ The HiSpeed switch does not support QOS (Quality of Service) parameters.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Basic ATM Concepts ❒ If your ATM configuration is corrupt, delete your ATM file from the CLI (rm atm.cur), reset the switch, and re-configure ATM. ❒ Signaling changes may require you to reboot the switch. Troubleshooting LANE Problem: I’ve created a LEC service but still cannot connect to the ATM network. Solution: Use the following solutions: Verify the LEC has been created, admin status is enabled, and protocol state is ‘active’.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting CIP Problem: I’ve created a CIP service but still cannot connect to the ATM network. Solution: Use the following solutions: Verify that the CIP service has been created, admin status is enabled, and protocol state is ‘active’. /ATM/SHOW/cip /ATM/CONFIG/ENABLE/cip If using SVC connections, ensure that the ATM port is configured for SVC mode and ILMI is enabled.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Basic ATM Concepts Problem: The CIP connection is up and active but I cannot ping across the ATM network. Solution: Use the following solutions: Verify that all IP addresses, subnet masks, and gateways are set correctly on the VLANs and any attached devices Verify the same subnet mask is being applied to the CIP and VLAN interfaces.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting PTOP Problem: I’ve created a PTOP service but cannot connect to the ATM network. Solution: Use the following solutions: Verify that the PTOP service has been created, admin status is enabled, and protocol state is ‘active’. /ATM/SHOW/ptop /ATM/CONFIG/ENABLE/ptop If using SVC connections, ensure that the ATM port is configured for SVC mode and ILMI is enabled.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Basic ATM Concepts – Verify signaling and ILMI status should be ‘up’. /ATM/SHOW >port Verify the following using /ATM/SHOW/connection: – OAM is up. – SSCOP, and ILMI is up. (for SVC only) – A Pt-Pt SVC or PVC connection is created per PTOP instance. – ATM port connection and signaling. Operational status, Line state, Signaling status, and ILMI should be ‘up’.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting Trunking Problem: I’ve created a Trunking service but cannot connect to the ATM network. Solution: Use the following solutions: Verify that the Trunking service has been created, admin status is enabled, and protocol state is ‘active’. /ATM/SHOW/trunk /ATM/CONFIG/ENABLE/trunk If using SVC connections, ensure that the ATM port is configured for SVC mode and ILMI is enabled.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential Basic ATM Concepts Verify the following using /ATM/SHOW/connection: – OAM is up. – SSCOP, and ILMI is up. (for SVC only) – A Trunk SVC or PVC connection is created per Trunk instance. – ATM port connection and signaling. Operational status, Line state, Signaling status, and ILMI should be ‘up’.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide CLI Commands /ATM/SHOW >connection Displays all active ATM circuits /ATM/SHOW >port Displays ATM port , Signaling, and ILMI configurations /ATM/SHOW >lec , lec Displays all or a specified LEC status. /ATM/SHOW >cip, cip Displays all or a specified CIP status. /ATM/SHOW >ptop, ptop Displays all or a specified PTOP status. /ATM/SHOW >trunk, trunk Displays all or a specified Trunk status.
Chapter 12 FDDI Concepts FDDI employes a dual ring topology using two counter-rotating fiber rings: a primary and secondary. Data travels on the primary ring while the secondary backup ring is utilized if the primary ring fails. The data rate is 100 Mbps based on a timed-token access method. The total length of the ring can extend up to 200 kilometers with nodes spaced up to 2 kilometers over multimode fiber. Dual Ring Concentrator DAS Figure 12-1.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide In a normal ring operation, an FDDI station captures a free token and transmits completely unless the token holding timer (THT) expires. As the frame traverses the ring, every station examines the frame and checks for errors. When the destination station receives the frame, it copies the frame into its buffer, sets the error, AR, and FC indicators and places the frame back onto the ring.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential FDDI Concepts The FDDI Uplink module provides fiber optic connectivity between switched 10/ 100 Ethernet networks and an FDDI backbone network. ! Caution: Must be running software version 1.4.4 or later. Cable Connections The FDDI Uplink provides two SC connector ports allowing for both a (Single Attached Station) SAS and (Dual Attached Station) DAS configuration. To FDDI Network SAS Cabling SC Port A A B M M M M M Dual Attached Concentrator Figure 12-3.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide Observing LEDs Table 2-1 provides information about what the LEDs mean in various states Table 12-1. LED States LED Status Board Status Description Yellow Green Off Off Fail Adapter is not functional, or driver is not loaded. Off On Ring Op Ring operation THRU B (DAS), wrap S for SAS. On Off Cable Error Adapter not able to connect; possible cable problem.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential FDDI Concepts Filtering Mode With FDDI Filtering, packets between FDDI-native devices are filtered at the FDDI Uplink, not at the switch’s bridging table. This method of filtering reduces the burden on the HiSpeed processor. If the FDDI ring is small and the number of native FDDI devices is limited, FDDI filtering is recommended. Maximum number of entries in the FDDI Filtering table is 4096.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide ❒ For AppleTalk users, must be running software version 1.3.28 or later. ❒ FDDI Port service can only be bounded to VLAN 1. RIP must be ‘active’ to route traffic from one VLAN to another across FDDI. ❒ The FDDI driver execution requires five to six seconds longer than the ATM Uplink driver. This is considered normal operation.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential FDDI Concepts Problem: I’m having a communication problem with Platelike over FDDI. Solution: Use the following solutions: Verify that you are running firmware version 1.3.28 or above. In the CLI, enter the ‘vsys’ command. If not, upgrade firmware on the switch. Refer to HiSpeed’s User Manual for further instructions on how to upgrade the switch. Verify that all IP addresses, subnet masks, and gateways are set correctly on the VLANs and any attached devices.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide 12-8 Problem: Traffic through the FDDI port seems to slow and/or hang. Solution: There is currently an issue with the FDDI driver and buffer management. Engineering is actively working to resolve the problem. Please contact Hitachi’s Internetworking Solution Center for further assistance. Problem: The switch appears to hang during the boot up sequence or never reaches the login prompt.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential FDDI Concepts CLI Commands /FDDI/SHOW/MAC>nbraddr Displays the FDDI MAC Neighbor address table. /FDDI/SHOW/MAC>status Checks for the status of the Ring Management state, duplicate address tests, and time values. /FDDI/SHOW/MAC>stats Displays the number of tx/rx frames, error frames, copied frames, and thresholds. /FDDI/SHOW/MAC>counters Displays the timer expirations, number of tokens, ring operational states.
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide 12-10 US7070447-001, Rev 01
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