R3721-F3210-F3171-HP High-End Firewalls Access Control Configuration Guide-6PW101

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security. In addition, to prevent user passwords from being intercepted on insecure networks, RADIUS
encrypts passwords before transmitting them.
A RADIUS server supports multiple user authentication methods, such as the Password Authentication
Protocol (PAP) and the Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) of the Point-to-Point
Protocol (PPP). Moreover, a RADIUS server can act as the client of another AAA server to provide
authentication proxy services.
RADIUS basic message exchange process
Figure 131 illustrates the interaction between the host, the RADIUS client, and the RADIUS server.
Figure 131 RADIUS basic message exchange process
RADIUS operates in the following manner:
1. The host initiates a connection request that carries the user's username and password to the
RADIUS client.
2. Having received the username and password, the RADIUS client sends an authentication request
(Access-Request) to the RADIUS server, with the user password encrypted by using the
Message-Digest 5 (MD5) algorithm and the shared key.
3. The RADIUS server authenticates the username and password. If the authentication succeeds, the
server sends back an Access-Accept message containing the user's authorization information. If
the authentication fails, the server returns an Access-Reject message.
4. The RADIUS client permits or denies the user according to the returned authentication result. If it
permits the user, it sends a start-accounting request (Accounting-Request) to the RADIUS server.
5. The RADIUS server returns a start-accounting response (Accounting-Response) and starts
accounting.
6. The user accesses the network resources.
7. The host requests the RADIUS client to tear down the connection and the RADIUS client sends a
stop-accounting request (Accounting-Request) to the RADIUS server.