C/C++ Programmer's Guide (G06.27+, H06.03+)

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Table Of Contents

What’s New in This Manual
- Manual Information
- New and Changed Information
  - Changes to This Manual
  - Changes to Previous Revisions of This Manual
About This Guide
- Audience
- Documentation Set Organization
- Related Manuals
- Guide Organization
- Notation Conventions
1 Introduction to HP C and C++ for NonStop Systems
- TNS C Language System
- TNS C++ Language System
  - Exception Handling Is Not Supported
  - Compilation Steps for C++ Code
- TNS/R Native C and C++ Language System
- Features of TNS/R Native C and C++
- TNS/E Native C and C++ Language System
- Features of TNS/E Native C and C++
- Writing Portable Programs
  - Complying With Standards
  - Following Good Programming Practices
- Porting Programs to HP C and C++ for NonStop Systems
- Porting Without Data Alignment Problems
- Guardian and OSS Environment Interoperability
2 C and C++ Extensions
- Keywords
- Declarations
- Pointer Modifiers
- Operators
- Data Types
3 Interfacing to Guardian Procedures and OSS Functions
- Declaring Guardian Procedures
- Calling Guardian Procedures
- Declaring OSS Functions
4 Using the C Run-Time Library
- Versions of the C Run-Time Library
- Input/Output Models
- Mathematical Functions
  - IEEE Floating-Point Arithmetic
- Active Backup Programming Functions
- Environment-Specific Functions
  - Changes Required to Interoperable Compilation Modules at D44
- EDIT File Functions
- SQL Data-Type Conversion Functions
- Startup Information Retrieval Functions
- Miscellaneous HP Extension Functions
5 Using the Standard C++ Library
- User Documentation
- Features of the Standard C++ Library (VERSION3)
- Contents of the Standard C++ Library
- Installation Notes for VERSION3
  - Using Header Files With VERSION3
- Installation Notes for VERSION2
  - Examples of VERSION2 Headers
  - VERSION2 Standard C++ Library Example Files
- Compiling and Linking in the OSS Environment
- Pragmas for the Standard C++ Library
- Using the Neutral C++ Dialect
6 Accessing Middleware Using HP C and C++ for NonStop Systems
- Using Tools.h++
7 Mixed-Language Programming for TNS Programs
- Introducing the CRE
- Using Standard Files in Mixed-Language Programs
- Writing Interface Declarations
  - Examples
- Interfacing to TAL
- Interfacing to TNS COBOL
8 Mixed-Language Programming for TNS/R and TNS/E Native Programs
- Introducing the CRE
- Using Standard Files in Mixed-language Programs
- Declaring External Routines
- Considerations When Interfacing to pTAL
- Differences Between Native and TNS Mixed- Language Programs
- Interfacing to Native COBOL
9 System-Level Programming
- Specifying a Code Space
- Passing Pointers to Constants Between Code Spaces
- Writing Variable and Extensible Functions
10 Converting C-Series TNS Programs to Use the Current TNS Compiler
11 Migrating Programs to TNS/R or TNS/E Native Mode
12 Preprocessor Directives and Macros
- #define
- #error
- #if, #elif, #ifdef, #ifndef, #else, and #endif
- #include
- #line
- #pragma
- #undef
- Predefined Macros
- Predefined Symbols
- Variadic Macros
- Feature-Test Macros
- Preprocessor Operators
  - Operator #
  - Operator ##
13 Compiler Pragmas
- ALLOW_CPLUSPLUS_COMMENTS
- ALLOW_EXTERN_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION
- ANSICOMPLY
- ANSISTREAMS
- BUILD_NEUTRAL_LIBRARY
- CALL_SHARED
- CHECK
- COLUMNS
- CPATHEQ
- CPPONLY
- CSADDR
- ELD(arg)
- ENV
- ERRORFILE
- ERRORS
- EXTENSIONS
- EXTERN_DATA
- FIELDALIGN
- FORCE_VTBL
- FORCE_STATIC_TYPEINFO
- FORCE_STATIC_VTBL
- FUNCTION
- HEADERS
- HEAP
- HIGHPIN
- HIGHREQUESTERS
- ICODE
- IEEE_FLOAT
- INLINE
- INLINE_COMPILER_GENERATED_FUNCTIONS
- INLINE_LIMIT
- INLINE_STRING_LITERALS
- INNERLIST
- INSPECT
- KR
- LARGESYM
- LD(arg)
- LINES
- LINKFILE
- LIST
- LMAP
- MAP
- MAPINCLUDE
- MAXALIGN
- MIGRATION_CHECK
- NEST
- NEUTRAL
- NLD(arg)
- NOEXCEPTIONS
- NON_SHARED
- OLDCALLS
- OLIMIT
- ONCE
- OPTFILE
- OPTIMIZE
- OVERFLOW_TRAPS
- PAGE
- POOL_STRING_LITERALS
- POP
- PUSH
- REFALIGNED
- REMARKS
- RUNNABLE
- RUNNAMED
- RVU
- SAVEABEND
- SEARCH
- SECTION
- SHARED
- SQL
- SQLMEM
- SRL
- SRLExportClassMembers
- SRLExports
- SRLName
- SSV
- STDFILES
- STRICT
- SUPPRESS
- SUPPRESS_VTBL
- SYMBOLS
- SYNTAX
- SYSTYPE
- TANDEM_FLOAT
- TRIGRAPH
- VERSION1
- VERSION2
- VERSION3
- WARN
- WIDE
- XMEM
- XVAR
14 Compiling, Binding, and Accelerating TNS C Programs
- Selecting a Development Platform
- Specifying Header Files
- Working in the Guardian Environment
- Working in the OSS Environment
15 Compiling, Binding, and Accelerating TNS C++ Programs
- Working in the Guardian Environment
- Working in the G-Series OSS Environment
16 Compiling and Linking TNS/R Native C and C++ Programs
- Selecting a Development Platform
- Specifying Header Files
- Compiling and Linking Floating-Point Programs
  - Using Compiler Pragmas IEEE_Float and Tandem_Float
  - Using Link Options to Specify Floating-Point Format
- Working in the Guardian Environment
  - Compiling a Module
  - Linking a TNS/R Module
17 Compiling and Linking TNS/E Native C and C++ Programs
- Selecting a Development Platform
- Specifying Header Files
- Compiling and Linking Floating-Point Programs
  - Using Compiler Pragmas IEEE_Float and Tandem_Float
  - Using Link Options to Specify Floating-Point Format
- Working in the Guardian Environment
  - Compiling a Module
  - Linking a TNS/E Module
18 Using ETK and Native C/C++ Cross Compiler on the PC
- ETK
- TDS
  - Hardware and Software Requirements
  - Online Help
- Cross Compilers
- PC Tools
19 Running and Debugging C and C++ Programs
- Running Programs in the Guardian Environment
- Running Programs in the OSS Environment
- Program Initialization
- Program Termination
- Two Memory Models: Large and Small
  - Small-Memory Model
  - Large-Memory Model
- Two Data Models: 16-Bit and 32-Bit
- Selecting Memory and Data Models
- Converting Programs to the 32-Bit Data Model
- Debugging C and C++ Programs
20 TNS C Compiler Messages
- Types of Compiler Messages
21 Native C and C++ Compiler Messages
22 Run-Time Messages
- Trap and Signal Messages
- CRE Service Function Messages
- Heap-Management Messages
- Function Parameter Message
- Math Function Messages
- Function Parameter Messages
- Input/Output Messages
- Environment Messages
23 Handling TNS Data Alignment
- Misalignment Tracing Facility
- Misalignment Handling
- C/C++ Misalignment Examples
A HP C Implementation-Defined Behavior
- Implementation-Defined Behavior of Native C
- Translation Limits for Native C Compilers
- Implementation-Defined Behavior of TNS C
B TNS C++ ImplementationDefined Behavior
- HP Specific Features for OSS and Guardian Environments
- HP Specific Features for the Guardian Environment
  - Mixed-Language Programming
  - System-Level Programming
- Differences Between OSS and Guardian Environments
C ASCII Character Set
- Overview
- ASCII Character Set in Numeric Order
- ASCII Character Set in Alphabetic Order
D Data Type Correspondence
E Features and Keywords of Version2NativeC++
- Features Supported in VERSION2
- Features Not Supported in VERSION2
- Keywords Added for the D45 Product Release
- Defining Virtual Function Tables
F MIGRATION_CHECK Messages
- Code Examples
Glossary
Index

Accessing Middleware Using HP C and C++ for

NonStop Systems

HP C/C++ Programmer’s Guide for NonStop Systems—429301-010

6-4

Including Header Files for Tools.h++

If your application uses any of the functions contained in the Tools.h++ library, you

need to specify the header files for the library by adding #include directives either as

preprocessor directives or as linker options.

For example, these #include directives specify three of the headers for the Version 7

RWCstring string class:

#include <rw/cstring.h>

#include <rw/regexp.h>

#include <rw/rstream.h>

For related MAPINCLUDE examples, see Pragmas for Tools.h++ on page 6-6.

XDR Streams

Tools.h++ version 6.1 does not support the classes RWXDRistream and

RWXDRostream.

Tools.h++ version 7 supports the classes RWXDRistream and RWXDRostream in both

the OSS and Guardian environments.

Table 6-1. Installation Details for G06.20 Tools.h++

Environment Location of Header Files Location of SRLs or DLLS

Guardian Version 6.1: $SYSTEM.ZRW Version 6.1:

$SYSTEM.SYSnn.ZTLHGSRL,

$SYSTEM.SYSnn.ZTLHOSRL

Version 7: $SYSTEM.ZINCRW70 G-series Version 7:

$SYSTEM.SYSnn.ZTLHSRL

H-series Version 7:

$SYSTEM.ZDLLnnn.ZTLH7DLL

OSS Version 6.1:

/usr/rogue6.1/rw

In the Guardian namespace:

Version 6.1:

$SYSTEM.SYSnn.ZTLHGSRL,

$SYSTEM.SYSnn.ZTLHOSRL

Version 7:

/usr/rogue/rw

G-series Version 7:

$SYSTEM.SYSnn.ZTLHSRL

H-series Version 7:

$SYSTEM.ZDLLnnn.ZTLH7DLL

PC running

Windows

(ETK)

Version 6.1:

C:\Program Files\Compaq ETK-

NSE\rogue6.1\rw

Version 6.1:

C:\Program Files\Compaq ETK-

NSE\rogue6.1\lib

Version 7:

C:\Program Files\Compaq ETK-

NSE\rogue\rw

Version 7:

C:\Program Files\Compaq ETK-

NSE\rogue\lib