Ethernet Adapter Installation and Support Guide

Glossary
Ethernet Adapter Installation and Support Guide—425684-003
Glossary-11
character
character. A sequence of one or more bytes representing a single character; used for the
organization, representation, or control of data. A single-byte character consists of
eight bits that represent a character. A multibyte character uses one or more bytes to
represent a character. A wide character is a fixed-width character wide enough to hold
any coded character supported by an implementation.
The ISO C standard defines the term multibyte character; a single-byte character is a
special case of multibyte character.
character set. A finite set of characters (letters, digits, symbols, ideographs, or control
functions) used for the organization, representation, or control of data. See also code
set.
character special file. In the Open System Services (OSS) environment, a device that is
treated as a file for which all input or output must occur in character bytes.
Traditionally, such files are interactive terminals, and the ISO/IEC IS 9945-1:1990
standard defines only the access to such terminal files. See also terminal. Contrast
with block special file.
chassis. A single sheet-metal structure that houses one set of system components. In an
HP NonStop S-series server, a chassis is part of a system enclosure but can also be
mounted in any standard 19-inch rack.
checksum. A generic term, meaning to “add” together (although the definition of “add” need
not be a “normal” arithmetic add) all of the data to produce a check “word.” See also
cyclic redundancy check (CRC).
child process. A process created by another process. The creating process becomes the
parent process of the new process. See also parent process.
CIIN. A command file in the SYSnn subvolume that is read and executed by the startup HP
Tandem Advanced Command Language (TACL) process after system load if the CIIN
file is specified in the CONFTEXT file and enabled in the Compaq TSM client software.
circuit breaker. A device designed to open and close a circuit by nonautomatic means and
to open the circuit automatically on a predetermined overcurrent without damage to
itself.
CISC. See complex instruction-set computing (CISC).
CISC processor. An instruction processing unit (IPU) that is based on complex
instruction-set computing (CISC) architecture.
Class-1 CRU. A customer-replaceable unit (CRU) that probably will not cause a partial or
total system outage if the documented replacement procedure is not followed correctly.
Customers replacing Class-1 CRUs do not require previous experience with replacing
HP NonStop™ S-series CRUs. However, for some CRUs, customers must be able to
use the tools needed for the replacement procedure (which are common tools) and
must protect components from electrostatic discharge (ESD).