Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers Abstract This manual provides an overview of networking and data communications concepts, tasks, products, and manuals for HP NonStop™ S-series servers. It is intended for programmers, system and network managers, and others who will select products for specific applications. Product Version NA Supported Release Version Updates (RVUs) This manual supports the G06.24 RVU and all subsequent RVUs until otherwise indicated in a new edition.
Document History Part Number Product Version Published 520670-001 NA February 2002 520670-002 NA May 2003 520670-003 NA September 2003 520670-004 NA September 2004 520670-005 NA April 2006
Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers Glossary Index What’s New in This Manual xi Manual Information xi New and Changed Information Examples Figures Tables xi About This Manual xiii Who Should Use This Manual xiii How This Manual Is Organized xiv Change Bar Notation xvi Part I. HP Communications Concepts and Facilities 1.
Contents 2. Communications Product Concepts and Components (continued) 2.
4. Managing Communications Subsystems Contents Using Standards-Based Interfaces (continued) Language Support 3-19 Part II. HP Networking Solutions 4.
5. Expand Network (continued) Contents 5. Expand Network (continued) Fault-Tolerant Operation 5-9 Network Management 5-9 Subsystem Control Facility (SCF) 5-10 Event Management Service (EMS) 5-10 Availability Statistics and Performance (ASAP) Measure 5-10 Online Expansion and Reconfiguration 5-11 Network Security 5-11 Remote Passwords 5-11 Enhanced Security Techniques 5-12 5-10 6.
Contents 7. HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections 7.
9. Local Area Network (LAN) Connections Contents HP NonStop OSI Advantages (continued) FTAM Implementation 8-7 Message Handling Systems (X.400) 8-7 Familiar Application Program Interface (API) 8-7 HP Fundamentals and Software 8-7 File Transfer, Access, and Management (OSI/FTAM) 8-8 Message Handling System (OSI/MHS) 8-9 Upper Layer Interfaces (OSI/AS) 8-14 Transport Layer Interface (OSI/TS) 8-14 Network and Data Link Interfaces 8-15 X.
11. Internet Applications Contents 11.
C. Guide to the Manuals Contents C. Guide to the Manuals Manual Titles and Manual Types C-1 Application Programming Manuals C-1 Operations and System Management Manuals Management Programming Manuals C-2 C-1 Glossary Index Examples Example 4-1. PTrace Display 4-18 Figures Figure 1-1. Figure 2-1. Figure 2-2. Figure 2-3. Figure 2-4. Figure 2-5. Figure 2-6. Figure 2-7. Figure 2-8. Figure 2-9. Figure 2-10. Figure 2-11. Figure 2-12. Figure 2-13. Figure 3-1. Figure 3-2. Figure 3-3. Figure 3-4. Figure 4-1.
Figures (continued) Contents Figures (continued) Figure 4-6. Figure 4-7. Figure 5-1. Figure 5-2. Figure 5-3. Figure 6-1. Figure 6-2. Figure 6-3. Figure 6-4. Figure 7-1. Figure 7-2. Figure 7-3. Figure 7-4. Figure 7-5. Figure 7-6. Figure 8-1. Figure 8-2. Figure 8-3. Figure 8-4. Figure 8-5. Figure 9-1. Figure 9-2. Figure 9-3. Figure 10-1. Figure 10-2. Figure 11-1.
Contents Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers—520670-005 x
What’s New in This Manual Manual Information Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers Abstract This manual provides an overview of networking and data communications concepts, tasks, products, and manuals for HP NonStop™ S-series servers. It is intended for programmers, system and network managers, and others who will select products for specific applications. Product Version NA Supported Release Version Updates (RVUs) This manual supports the G06.
What’s New in This Manual • • • • • • • • • New and Changed Information SWAN 2 Concentrator Connections on page 2-29 TSM and OSM Packages on page 4-13 Subsystem Control Facility (SCF) on page 4-14 Port Access Method (PAM) on page 8-15 LAN Interfaces for HP NonStop S-Series Servers on page 9-2 Parallel Library TCP/IP Architecture and Features on page 10-8 Ethernet Failover on page 10-9 HP NonStop Communications Products Glossary: Gigabit Ethernet 4-port ServerNet adapter (G4SA), I/O adapter module (IOAM),
About This Manual The Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers provides an overview of HP networking and data communications concepts, tasks, products, and manuals. It discusses ways to connect NonStop S-series servers to various devices and networks, and it introduces the tools and interfaces you can use. This manual does not provide detailed descriptions of networking or communications standards, architectures, or protocols.
How This Manual Is Organized About This Manual How This Manual Is Organized This manual consists of two main parts, three appendixes, and a glossary that contains technical terms and abbreviations used throughout the manual. Part I Contents Part I, HP Communications Concepts and Facilities, consists of Sections 1 through 4. These sections describe the characteristics of the products from both the programmer’s and the system manager’s points of view.
Part II Contents About This Manual Part II Contents Part II, HP Networking Solutions, consists of Sections 5 through 11. These sections explain how HP communications products meet requirements for connecting diverse devices and networks. Table ii summarizes the contents of the sections in Part II. Table ii.
About This Manual Appendices Appendices Appendix A, HP NonStop Communications Products, is an alphabetical list of HP products with brief descriptions. Appendix B, Communications Products by Type of Connection, lists types of systems and devices that you can connect to a NonStop system along with products you can use to accomplish each type of connection. Appendix C, Guide to the Manuals, describes HP manuals relevant for users of HP communications products.
Part I. HP Communications Concepts and Facilities HP communications products share several characteristics. For example, all products support Distributed Systems Management (DSM), providing consistency in management of various products. Also, most of the application program interfaces (APIs) for communications products are based on the Guardian file-system interface.
Part I.
1 HP Networking and Data Communications Connectivity is an important part of online transaction processing (OLTP). HP offers a wide variety of communications hardware and software products. These products extend the OLTP power of your NonStop S-series server by supporting a wide range of application and networking configurations.
HP Networking and Data Communications • • • • Comprehensive Connectivity Local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN) connections to networks that use the Internet Protocol (IP) Local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN) connections to Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks Multi-mode, fiber-optic cables (FOX rings) Single-mode, fiber-optic cables (ServerNet clusters) Comprehensive Connectivity The devices best suited to an application are often manufactured by different vendors and c
HP Networking and Data Communications Integrated Management Tools Integrated Management Tools HP provides a variety of closely integrated management products. Direct support using NonStop NET/MASTER Management Services (MS) can be the focal point for management operations. In addition, the HP NonStop Open System Management (OSM) Interface is provided to help you troubleshoot, maintain, and service hardware components, including communications hardware.
HP Networking and Data Communications HP Advantages HP Advantages HP communications products provide you with the following advantages: • • • • • Freedom to choose the best hardware and software for each application. HP offers connectivity with many kinds of devices, systems, networks, transmission media, and telecommunications facilities, as illustrated in Figure 1-1 on page 1-5. A fully transparent, fault-tolerant network optimized for online transaction processing (OLTP).
HP Advantages HP Networking and Data Communications Figure 1-1. A Complex Network Expand Network Satellite dish Satellite dish Satellite HP NonStop S-Series Server HP NonStop K-Series Server SNA Devices SNA Host 3270 Terminals NetBIOS LAN FOX Ring HP NonStop S-Series Server OSI Workstations HP NonStop Server HP NonStop S-Series Server Automated Teller Machine Asynchronout Terminal Bit-synchronous Terminal Bytesynchronous Terminal X.
HP Networking and Data Communications Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers— 520670-005 1 -6 HP Advantages
2 Communications Product Concepts and Components As new technologies become available and user requirements become more sophisticated, HP communications products continue to evolve. Even though HP communications products vary widely in their functions, some common concepts apply across the product line.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Layered Structures and Common Components This modular product structure has three important characteristics: • • • The same higher-level component can often use any of several lower-level components. Higher-level components and your applications are insulated from lower-level network characteristics. Conversely, multiple components at a given level can often use the services of the same lower-level component.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Layered Structures and Common Components Figure 2-1 shows the HP communications product stack. Figure 2-1.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Communications Subsystems Communications Subsystems A software product that provides users with access to a set of communications services is called a communications subsystem (CSS). For example, the Expand subsystem allows you to use resources such as files and devices on other systems in the Expand network. (The Expand subsystem is described in Section 5, Expand Network.) Subsystems vary in the functions they provide and in the resources they manage.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Communications Subsystems Figure 2-2. Subsystem Interactions VST333.vsd A communications subsystem consists of one or more subsystem processes and various other subsystem components running in the NonStop system, and possibly a protocol module running on a ServerNet adapter or ServerNet wide area network (SWAN) concentrator.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Processes Processes The part of an HP communications subsystem that runs in the NonStop S-series server is implemented as one or more processes. A process is an execution of a program under control of the HP NonStop Kernel operating system. The same program file can execute concurrently multiple times; each execution is a separate process. Processes communicate with each other through file-system or message-system procedure calls.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Processes Figure 2-3 illustrates how calls are passed from a user process to an IOP and then to communications lines: 1. The user process obtains access to subsystem resources by issuing Guardian procedure calls to the file system, identifying the resource and the action to be performed. (Some user processes that are part of communications subsystems use the message system directly, but all applications use the file system.) 2.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Levels of Protocol Support Higher-level communications processes usually run as fault-tolerant process pairs, and most are accessible to applications through the file system, as in the case of IOPs. Some, however, have a different style of interface, as described in Using StandardsBased Interfaces on page 3-18.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Interfaces Interfaces HP communications subsystems provide several kinds of user interfaces: • • • Most subsystems provide application program interfaces (APIs) through which users gain access to subsystem services. These APIs let you develop applications that communicate with devices or across communications lines controlled by the subsystem. These interfaces are described in more detail in Section 3, Application Programming With Communications Products.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Interfaces File-System and Standards-Based Interfaces The majority of HP communications products have file-system interfaces. That is, your application communicates with the target device or line by making file-system calls. The file system sends the request to the appropriate process. Although the exact operation of some procedures is product-dependent and protocol-dependent, there is still considerable similarity among these interfaces.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Example Product Structures operational attributes; the operator, or an application that performs operator functions, uses the subdevice name in specifying the attributes. The subdevice name is an extension of the line name; subdevice names have the same form regardless of the subsystem, but the interpretation of the name, except for a few reserved names, is subsystem-specific.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Local Area Networks (LANs) and Wide Area Networks (WANs) Processes that use the SLSA subsystem to send and receive data on a LAN attached to a NonStop S-series server are called LAN service providers. Three directly attached LAN service providers—the NonStop TCP/IP subsystem, the Port Access Method (PAM) subsystem, and NonStop IPX/SPX—are currently supported.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Local Area Networks (LANs) and Wide Area Networks (WANs) . Figure 2-4.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Local Area Networks (LANs) and Wide Area Networks (WANs) Wide Area Network (WAN) Subsystem The WAN subsystem is used to configure and manage both WAN and LAN connectivity for the following communications subsystem objects: • • • • • • • • • • AM3270 subsystem line-handler processes ATP6100 subsystem line-handler processes CP6100 subsystem line-handler processes Envoy subsystem line-handler processes EnvoyACP/XF subsystem line-handler processes Expand subsy
Communications Product Concepts and Components Local Area Networks (LANs) and Wide Area Networks (WANs) Figure 2-5. WAN Subsystem Device Creation Example Terminal OBEY File SCF Log File SCP Expand Subsystem WAN Subsystem Configuration Database Expand LineHandler Device WAN Manager Process Process_Launch_It Expand Line-Handler Process VST006.vsd The WAN subsystem is also used to control access to the SWAN concentrator, described in ServerNet Wide Area Network (SWAN) Concentrator on page 2-24.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Interfaces Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Interfaces The SNAX family of products provides the means for connecting NonStop S-series servers with devices and networks that implement IBM SNA. Figure 2-6 illustrates the process structure of the SNAX Extended Facility (SNAX/XF) and related products. Figure 2-6.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Interfaces Pathway/TS Provides a multithreaded terminal control process (TCP) for communications with terminals, including fault-tolerance and transaction processing. SNAX/XF Provides the functions of an SNA host (node type 5) to SNA devices and appears as a cluster controller (node type 2) to SNA hosts.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Custom Device Support Custom Device Support Figure 2-7 illustrates some of the products you can use for custom device support. Figure 2-7.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Communications Hardware Concepts Pathway/TS Provides a multithreaded terminal control process (TCP) for communication with terminals, including fault-tolerance and transaction processing. Extended General Device Support (GDSX) Serves as a skeleton for a custom device support application, implementing standard functions for NonStop Kernel operating system processes. You can also use other IOPs, such as X25AM, with GDSX.
Communications Product Concepts and Components ServerNet Adapters Figure 2-8 shows a simplified block diagram of a ServerNet adapter. Figure 2-8. Block Diagram of a ServerNet Adapter ServerNet Link (X or Y Fabric) ServerNet Adapter ServerNet Bus Interface (SBI) ServerNet Interface Packet Buffers Depacketizer Packetizer Bus Interface 32-Bit Internal Bus (Example: Motorola 68030 Bus) ServerNet Addressable Controller (SAC) External Bus (Example: SCSI Bus) VST009.
Communications Product Concepts and Components ServerNet Adapters Types of ServerNet Adapters The following ServerNet adapters are currently supported on the NonStop S-series server: Table 2-1. HP ServerNet Adapters (page 1 of 2) Adapter Description ATM 3 ServerNet adapter (ATM3SA) Provides connectivity between NonStop S-series servers and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks. It features one port per board. The ATM3SA uses the ATM subsystem to deliver ATM connectivity.
Communications Product Concepts and Components ServerNet Adapters Table 2-1. HP ServerNet Adapters (page 2 of 2) Adapter Description Gigabit Ethernet 4-port ServerNet adapter (G4SA) Provides Gigabit connectivity between NonStop S-series systems and Ethernet LANs. The G4SA is a multiport adapter with a copper and fiber interface, and it is a field-replaceable unit (FRU). The G4SA is the only LAN adapter supported for the I/O adapter module (IOAM) enclosure.
Communications Product Concepts and Components ServerNet Adapters Figure 2-9. Enclosure Showing MFIOB, PMF CRU, GESA, Filler Panels, and FESA Installed Filler Panel Filler Panel GESA Fast Ethernet ServerNet Adapter (FESA) VST020.
Communications Product Concepts and Components ServerNet Wide Area Network (SWAN) Concentrator ServerNet Wide Area Network (SWAN) Concentrator The SWAN concentrator is a communications device that connects bit-synchronous, byte-synchronous, and asynchronous devices to NonStop S-Series servers. This enables customers migrating from NonStop K-series to S-series servers to preserve their investment in legacy devices.
Communications Product Concepts and Components ServerNet Wide Area Network (SWAN 2) Concentrator Figure 2-10 shows a simplified block diagram of the SWAN concentrator. Figure 2-10. Block Diagram of the SWAN Concentrator To Ethernet LAN To Ethernet LAN Ethernet Port B Ethernet Port A CLIP 1 WAN Port 0 To Network CLIP 2 WAN Port 1 To Network WAN Port 0 To Network CLIP 3 WAN Port 1 To Network WAN Port 0 To Network WAN Port 1 To Network VST023.
Communications Product Concepts and Components ServerNet Wide Area Network (SWAN 2) Concentrator The SWAN 2 concentrator connects to the NonStop S-Series server through dual 10/100 Base-T Ethernet connections, which provide fault tolerance if an Ethernet link or controller fails. Supported Electrical and Physical Interfaces Note. The communications line interface processor (CLIP) is also known as a WAN logic board (LB).
Communications Product Concepts and Components ServerNet Wide Area Network (SWAN 2) Concentrator Table 2-2. SWAN 2 Concentrator CRUs CRU Description Communications line interface processor (CLIP) (Also known as a WAN logic board (LB).) Contains the internal local area network (LAN) logic and WAN logic, communications controller, random-access memory (RAM), flash memory, and all the intelligence for the SWAN 2 concentrator. Six CLIPs are located on the front panel of a SWAN 2 concentrator.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Protocols Supported by the SWAN 2 Concentrator Figure 2-11. SWAN 2 Concentrator Back Panel Thumbscrews 6 WAN BICs Thumbscrews 12 WAN Ports Line 1 Line 0 VST937.
Communications Product Concepts and Components SWAN 2 Concentrator Connections SWAN 2 Concentrator Connections You can connect more than one SWAN 2 concentrator to an E4SA, FESA, GESA, or G4SA by using an unmanaged or managed switch (HP recommends this method for performance reasons). You can also use an Ethernet hub.
Communications Product Concepts and Components • • AWAN 3886 Servers NonStop Telserv, used by applications such as TACL and the Pathway Terminal Control Processes (PATHTCP2). Using the 3886 AWAN 3886 servers, the TELNET session is initiated by the server port. FASTPTCP Spooler Print Process (T8932); using the 3886 AWAN 3886 servers, the session is initiated by the FASTPTCP print process.
Communications Product Concepts and Components AWAN 3886 Servers use the 3886-CL. To view part numbers, from the home page of the NonStop Technical Library (NTL), select Support and Service > Service Information > Part Numbers. Note. The AWAN 3886 DECserver 700-16 and DECserver 900 have been replaced by the DECserver 716 and DECserver 732 due to end-of-life components in the 700-16 and 900. The new design is identical in delivery of features.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Cluster Switches Cluster Switches The cluster switches route packets between ServerNet nodes on the external ServerNet X and Y fabrics of a ServerNet cluster. There are two cluster switches: the 6770 HP NonStop Cluster Switch and the HP NonStop ServerNet Switch (model 6780).
Communications Product Concepts and Components Terminals and Workstations Fiber-optic cables in group 01 of each ServerNet node link the node to an X-fabric and a Y-fabric cluster switch. For more information about the HP NonStop Cluster Switch, see the ServerNet Cluster Manual. Terminals and Workstations In addition to communications devices, HP offers terminals and workstations.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Printer Interfaces, Processes, and Printers Printer Interfaces, Processes, and Printers Printer Interfaces The following printer interfaces are not directly supported on an NonStop S-series server: • • • • RS-232 Current loop Centronics Dataproducts Long Line Parallel (DPLL) However, each of these printer interfaces can be indirectly supported and connected by using converters and remote access servers.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Current Loop Current Loop Current loop can support a signal up to 1,500 feet. As an alternative to RS-232, current loop is supported by some terminals and serial printers. SWAN, AWAN 3883, and AWAN 3886 (16, 32) require external adapters to support current loop. An HP-designed RS-232 to current loop converter (T3886CL) is available for AWAN 3886-16 and AWAN 3886-32 models. See Figure 2-12 on page 2-31.
Communications Product Concepts and Components Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers— 520670-005 2- 36 Printers
3 Application Programming With Communications Products The major function of communications applications running on NonStop S-series servers is to support the transfer of information between a NonStop S-series server and other systems or between a NonStop S-series server and data-capture and data-display devices. This section discusses the interfaces and some general concepts related to writing applications that use HP communications subsystems.
Application Programming With Communications Products Application Architecture Examples Application Architecture Examples NonStop S-series servers and Expand networks lend themselves to many kinds of applications with different communications requirements. Figure 3-1 on page 3-3, Figure 3-2 on page 3-5, and Figure 3-3 on page 3-7 illustrate some possible kinds of applications and the HP products and interfaces that might be used to accomplish them.
Application Programming With Communications Products Application Architecture Examples Figure 3-1.
Application Programming With Communications Products Application Architecture Examples Figure 3-2 on page 3-5 illustrates a railway reservation system. Transactions are initiated at terminals connected to UNIX workstations over either an Ethernet LAN or an X.25 packet-switched data network (PSDN).
Application Programming With Communications Products Application Architecture Examples Figure 3-2.
Application Programming With Communications Products Application Architecture Examples Figure 3-3 on page 3-7 illustrates two related securities applications: • • A cooperative processing application to retrieve stock quotes from a wire service and maintain an SQL database of stock prices on the NonStop S-series server. A trading application in which personal computers (PCs) emulate HP terminals for access to a Pathway application.
Application Programming With Communications Products Application Architecture Examples Figure 3-3. LAN TCP/IP Application Account Information Stock Prices VST222.
Application Programming With Communications Products Requester-Server Model Requester-Server Model The relationship between your application and a HP communications product reflects an architectural concept called the requester-server model. When you run an application program on the NonStop S-series server, the NonStop Kernel operating system creates a user process. User processes make requests of a communications subsystem through file-system calls to a subsystem process.
Application Programming With Communications Products Communications Applications in Context Communications Applications in Context As the examples in this section demonstrate, most communications applications are not isolated but operate in the context of larger transaction processing (TP) applications. Specifically, a great many applications involving communications products also use the services of the Pathway TP environment and the NonStop SQL distributed relational database management system.
Application Programming With Communications Products HP Transaction Processing (TP) Services Figure 3-4. HP Transaction Processing (TP) Services User Applications NonStop TUXEDO Pathway/TS Middleware NonStop TS/MP NonStop TM/MP NonStop SQL/MP Enscribe TP Monitor Choices Core Services Open System Services (OSS) Environment Operating System Guardian Environment HP NonStop Kernel Middleware products provide services to application programs while "hiding" the underlying operating system platform.
Application Programming With Communications Products HP Transaction Processing (TP) Services Core Services The core services include the following: • • • • The NonStop Kernel, the operating system that provides low-level functions such as interprocess message management, file management, memory management, and so on.
Application Programming With Communications Products NonStop SQL/MP NonStop TUXEDO Environment Through the NonStop TUXEDO product, the TUXEDO environment provides a clientserver model for open applications and the benefits of the HP fundamentals. The TUXEDO environment provides a standard, easy-to-use API and robust features for both the administrative and development environments.
Application Programming With Communications Products NonStop Remote Server Call/Massively Parallel (RSC/MP) NonStop Remote Server Call/Massively Parallel (RSC/MP) The HP NonStop RSC/MP product permits workstations to invoke NonStop TM/MP server processes residing on NonStop servers. By processing much of the transaction before it is sent to the server, RSC/MP can improve the performance of TS/MP applications while maintaining the application’s ability to handle high transaction volumes.
Application Programming With Communications Products Types of Programming Interfaces Types of Programming Interfaces As explained in Section 2, Communications Product Concepts and Components, HP offers communications programming interfaces on several levels of complexity. When writing applications that use very high-level or high-level interfaces, programmers do not have to worry about the details of communications protocol.
Application Programming With Communications Products File-System Procedures When you use files on other NonStop servers in an Expand network, the filename includes the name of the system on which the file resides. Thus, when you refer to a line attached to some other system, you give the name of the system as well as the name of the line. For instance, a multipoint line of automated teller machines (ATMs) controlled by a NonStop S-series server in New York could have the name \NY.$MTATM.
Application Programming With Communications Products Types of File-System Requests Logical Connection FILE_OPEN_ Gives the application access to the subsystem process and the communications line or subdevice and specifies various requirements of the interaction—for instance, exclusive access or nowait operation. FILE_CLOSE_ Terminates the logical connection between an application and the subsystem process, line, or subdevice. Other applications can still use the line or subdevice.
Application Programming With Communications Products Typical Order of Calls Request Management AWAITIO[X] Completes a request in cases of nowait access. Use AWAITIOX with the extended 32-bit (or X) versions of the I/O procedures such as READX, WRITEREADX, and so on. Use AWAITO with the 16-bit versions such as READ, WRITEREAD, and so on. CANCEL Cancels the oldest request pending for the process, line, or subdevice. CANCELREQ Cancels a specific request.
Application Programming With Communications Products Using Standards-Based Interfaces Using Standards-Based Interfaces Some communications products offer programming interfaces that do not consist of file-system procedure calls. Examples of such products are NonStop TCP/IP and Open Systems Interconnection/Application Services (OSI/AS). These and other similar products are described in more detail in NonStop TCP/IP and NonStop OSI/AS and OSI/FTAM, both on this page.
Application Programming With Communications Products NonStop NBX and HP NonStop NBT NonStop NBX and HP NonStop NBT HP NonStop NBX provides legacy network basic input/output system (NetBIOS) support over IPX/SPX. HP NBT provides legacy NetBIOS support over NonStop TCP/IP. Language Support HP provides a number of programming languages for developing application software.
Application Programming With Communications Products Language Support Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers— 520670-005 3- 20
Part II.
Part II.
4 Managing Communications Subsystems As networks become larger and more complex, managing them becomes more critical —and more complicated. Users demand a consistent set of tools for managing large, centralized systems and networks of distributed systems, and they want to be able to tailor the tools to their sites. A management system must allow not only interactive operator query and control but also automation.
Managing Communications Subsystems Figure 4-1.
Managing Communications Subsystems Management Model Management Model One of the most important characteristics HP communications products share is a management model—the approach taken and the mechanisms used to support such tasks as resource control and inquiry and fault management. This uniform approach makes it possible for you to use the same tools to manage many different products.
Managing Communications Subsystems Objects Objects For management purposes, the resources of a subsystem are defined as objects. Examples of objects are data capture devices, input/output processes (IOPs) or other processes, disk files, a group of devices or data communications lines, or anything else that can be identified as an independent entity in the subsystem.
Managing Communications Subsystems Management Interfaces Programmatic Command Interface Many communications subsystems have programmatic command interfaces based on a set of procedure calls, definitions, and conventions known collectively as the Subsystem Programmatic Interface (SPI).
Management Interfaces Managing Communications Subsystems Figure 4-3 illustrates SCP interfaces to IOPs and to a manager process. Figure 4-3. SCP Interfaces to Subsystem Processes Management Application X25AM I/O Process SCP SNAX/XF Service Manager Process SNAX/XF Subsystem Processes VST016.vsd Event Management Service (EMS) Communications subsystems that support DSM report events (abnormal or significant occurrences) to the Event Management Service (EMS).
Management Interfaces Managing Communications Subsystems Operators see event information in the form of text messages on a screen or on a printer. Management applications retrieve the information in the form of SPI messages. The operator or application can use a filter to specify the types of events that a distributor retrieves. Figure 4-4 illustrates the process of event logging and event-message retrieval. Figure 4-4.
Managing Communications Subsystems Management Tools Management Tools The rest of this section describes some of the tools you use to manage communications products. HP Tandem Advanced Command Language (TACL) TACL is the basic command interpreter provided with the NonStop Kernel operating system. From TACL, you can issue commands that allow you to define new users, control and monitor running processes, and communicate with subsystems.
NonStop SNMP Managing Communications Subsystems Table 4-1. Key Components of an SNMP Environment Component Description SNMP Manager Station Device on which the SNMP manager runs. SNMP Manager Application that automates the management of network elements (managed resources) under the control of one or more SNMP agents. HP provides an SNMP agent on its NonStop Integrity systems.
Managing Communications Subsystems NonStop SNMP Figure 4-5. The SNMP Environment VST081.vsd HP offers a Subagent Toolkit that helps programmers generate subagents that interoperate with the SNMP agent. Subagents make customer-written NonStop applications manageable by SNMP managers. HP also offers a Manager Services toolkit that allows C and C++ programmers to create SNMP managers that run as NonStop Kernel processes in either the Guardian environment or the Open System Services (OSS) environment.
Managing Communications Subsystems NonStop SNMP Figure 4-6. NonStop SNMP Architecture When the primary SNMP agent process is active, it writes trace records to the file ZZSMPTRP. When the backup process becomes active, it writes to the file ZZSMPTRB.
NonStop SNMP Managing Communications Subsystems HP OpenView By using SNMP, you can manage NonStop servers with HP OpenView software. NonStop servers can forward EMS messages using the SNMP trap converter to OpenView Operations software to provide a consolidated enterprise event display.
Managing Communications Subsystems NonStop SNMP NonStop NET/MASTER Management Services (MS) NonStop NET/MASTER Management Services (MS) is a network management system that allows you to monitor and manage a single NonStop S-series server or an entire network, composed of both HP and IBM systems, from a single terminal.
Managing Communications Subsystems • Configuration Management Monitoring system resources, including implementation of remote monitoring and maintenance For G06.21 and later RVUs, the OSM product replaces TSM as the system management tool of choice for NonStop S-series systems. OSM offers a browser-based interface that improves scalability and performance and overcomes other limitations that exist in TSM. TSM is still supported; however, OSM is required to support new functionality in G06.
Configuration Management Managing Communications Subsystems SCF interface to the WAN subsystem This SCF interface is used to configure and manage WAN and LAN connections for the following communications subsystems. It is also used to control access to the ServerNet wide area network (SWAN) concentrator.
Managing Communications Subsystems • • • • • Name Management SNAX/XF SNAX/APC NonStop TCP/IP, NonStop TCP/IPv6, and Parallel Library TCP/IP TR3271 X25AM Subsystem-Specific Management Utilities Certain communications subsystems, such as SNAX/HLS, Exchange/SNA, and EM3270, have their own management utilities, which are not described in this section. For more information about the utilities, consult the manuals for the products they control.
Managing Communications Subsystems Fault and Event Management Fault and Event Management There are several tools you can use to identify and manage problems and be alerted to other significant events that occur in your network. Monitoring EMS Messages Event Management Service (EMS) on page 4-6 introduces the EMS product. You can see displays of event messages on the system console by using the OSM Event Viewer or TSM EMS Event Viewer. Also, other applications can retrieve messages directly from EMS.
Managing Communications Subsystems Performance Management TSM and OSM Notification Applications The TSM Notification Director and OSM Notification applications receive notifications from the NonStop S-series server and display them in the form of incident reports, allowing you to take action or dial-out the incident reports to your service provider for resolution. HP OpenView By using SNMP, you can manage NonStop servers with HP OpenView software.
Managing Communications Subsystems Security Management SCF also has features that support performance management. For example, you can use SCF to obtain statistics related to performance and resource consumption. You can use SCF to improve performance by adjusting the values of object attributes. Because several of the subsystems that support SCF have equivalent programmatic interfaces, you can also perform these functions programmatically.
Managing Communications Subsystems Security Management Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers— 520670-005 4- 20
5 Expand Network The Expand subsystem enables you to connect as many as 255 geographically dispersed HP servers to create a network with the reliability, capacity to preserve data integrity, and potential for expansion of a single HP server.
Expand Network Expand Subsystem and the HP NonStop Kernel Single-Server Process Communications Figure 5-1 illustrates how a process on one processor uses the file system to make an inquiry of a process residing on another processor in the same server. The message system relays the request through the ServerNet system area network (ServerNet SAN). Figure 5-1.
Expand Network Expand Subsystem and the HP NonStop Kernel Multinode Process Communications Figure 5-2 illustrates the same file-system request as Figure 5-1, except that the disk process resides on another node in the network rather than on another processor in the same server. Figure 5-2.
Expand Network Multiple Communications Environments Multinode process communications is the same as single-server process communications, with the following exceptions: • • The Expand subsystem redirects the file-system request to a hardware communications device. A communications line rather than the ServerNet SAN carries the message to the remote process. Note.
Expand Network X.25 Packet-Switched Networks X.25 Packet-Switched Networks X.25 is a standard for private and public networks that use packet-switching technology. Some examples of packet-switched networks include SPRINTNET, TELENET, and TYMNET in the United States; DATAPAC in Canada; DATEX in Germany; TRANSPAC in France; and PSS in Great Britain. Expand-over-X.25 connections are provided with the HP X.25 Access Method (X25AM) product.
Expand Network ServerNet Clusters ServerNet Clusters ServerNet clusters use Expand to provide high-speed interconnections between servers. Cluster switches route messages between the ServerNet nodes. Coexistence between networking technologies such as ATM, IP, and FOX and ServerNet clusters is also supported. For more information about mixing networking technologies in an Expand network, see the Expand Configuration and Management Manual.
Expand Network ServerNet Clusters Figure 5-3. ServerNet Cluster Using Split-Star Topology ServerNet Nodes \A \B \C \D \E \F \G \H External ServerNet X1 Y1 External ServerNet 4-lane link connects the two switches on each fabric X fabric consists of two cluster switches and connections to all nodes Y fabric consists of two cluster swtiches and connections to all nodes X2 \I \J Y2 \K \L \M ServerNet Nodes \N \O \P VST203.
Expand Network Distributed Control Distributed Control The control function of the Expand subsystem is distributed throughout the network. Unlike a hierarchical network, in which a central computer, or host, controls the communications environment, nodes in an Expand network communicate with each other as peers. Distributed networks have the following additional advantages: • • • Distributed applications. Applications can be distributed so that multiple nodes share the processing load.
Expand Network Priority Routing Priority Routing You can assign different priorities to messages sent over an Expand network. Priority routing allows an important message to reach its destination even when the network is congested. Fault-Tolerant Operation Using careful configuration and network-topology design, you can configure an Expand network to be continuously available. You can configure as many as eight lines between the same two nodes using the Expand subsystem’s multiline path feature.
Expand Network Subsystem Control Facility (SCF) Subsystem Control Facility (SCF) SCF is a Distributed Systems Management (DSM) interface that can be used interactively to control, configure, and monitor the Expand subsystem. The SCF interfaces to the Expand and wide area network (WAN) subsystems are used to configure and manage the Expand subsystem. The SCF interface to the Expand subsystem is described in the Expand Configuration and Management Manual.
Expand Network Online Expansion and Reconfiguration Online Expansion and Reconfiguration You can add a new node or new lines to a network or move an existing node to a different location without disrupting network activity. You can make changes to your Expand configuration online using the Subsystem Control Facility (SCF) interfaces to the Expand and WAN subsystems. Table 5-1 shows the online expansion and reconfiguration tasks that can be performed with these interfaces. Table 5-1.
Expand Network Enhanced Security Techniques Enhanced Security Techniques The Safeguard security system enhances the security provided by both the Expand subsystem and the NonStop Kernel operating system. Safeguard enables you to set password expiration dates, create access control lists, and audit file access. For an even greater level of security, data encryption devices are available from the HP Atalla subsidiary.
6 Device-Specific Connections Data communications permits the exchange of information among systems and devices that work together to perform a business function. The devices can range from workstations to automated teller machines, to factory robots, to gasoline pumps, to hand-held devices. Each device is likely to be manufactured by a different vendor, and each can follow a unique set of protocols for physically and logically connecting to other devices and systems.
Device-Specific Connections Synchronous Data Transmission asynchronous, half-duplex (one way at a time) transmission of data across point-topoint links. Synchronous Data Transmission In synchronous data transmission, the data is transmitted in blocks (also called frames in some protocols). The beginning and end of the block are marked by special synchronization characters, but individual characters are not separated by special bits.
Device-Specific Connections Industry-Standard Connections and HP Terminals Industry-Standard Connections and HP Terminals HP provides high-level software that permits communication between HP applications and various popular devices. These devices include asynchronous character-mode terminals, Systems Network Architecture (SNA) devices, and IBM batch terminals.
Device-Specific Connections Asynchronous Wide Area Network (AWAN) Server Connections The SWAN 2 concentrator is a next-generation SWAN concentrator. The SWAN 2 concentrator is based on a faster processor. Asynchronous Wide Area Network (AWAN) Server Connections AWAN servers are optional products that provide local and remote asynchronous access to an HP NonStop S-Series server or K-series server, and other LAN-based resources.
Asynchronous Wide Area Network (AWAN) Server Connections Device-Specific Connections Figure 6-1. Typical Network Configuration with an AWAN 3886 Server 6530 Emulator HP NonStop S-Series or K-Series Server 6530 Application Terminal AWAN 3886 FASTPTCP Print Process Telserv TCP/IP Modem Serial Printer Ethernet LAN VST048.
Device-Specific Connections X.25 PSDN Connections X.25 PSDN Connections You can connect NonStop S-series servers with other systems and devices, including asynchronous terminals, on an X.25 packet-switched data network (PSDN) by using X25AM. X25AM supports full-duplex communications. Each X25AM line can support approximately 230 active connections; multiple terminals can be supported through a packet assembler/disassembler (PAD), which then connects to a NonStop S-series server through a single line.
IBM BSC 3270 Devices Device-Specific Connections Figure 6-2. Terminal Access to X.25 PSDN HP NonStop S-Series Server Remote System ATP6100 X3PAD X.25 TACL SNAX/XF PSDN X25AM TACL X.3 PAD PC with X.25 Support IBM 3174 3174 3270 VST022.vsd Legend Logical connection IBM BSC 3270 Devices You can use the AM3270 input/output process (IOP) to connect IBM 3270 devices to your NonStop S-series server. The devices must be connected to a point-to-point or multipoint line controlled by the BSC protocol.
3270-Type SNA Devices Device-Specific Connections 3270-Type SNA Devices SNA devices such as 3270-type terminals and printers can be connected with HP applications through the high-level 3270 interface of the SNAX/XF and SNAX/APN software products. (The interface is functionally equivalent to AM3270 and TR3271 but supports devices using bit-synchronous protocol.) For more information about connecting SNA devices, see Section 7, HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections.
Device-Specific Connections IBM Hosts IBM Hosts NonStop S-series servers can connect with IBM host computers in several ways: by emulating a cluster controller or host node (SNAX/APN), via a SDLC, a token-ring, or an Ethernet connection. Additionally, a 3270 emulator lets users at HP 6530 family of terminals use applications on an IBM host. Section 7, HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections, describes products that support connection with IBM hosts.
Device-Specific Connections Host Node Emulation Host Node Emulation Advanced peer-to-peer networking (APPN) is an extension of SNA that enables a variety of SNA systems to communicate as peers, without the control of a host. The peer systems must all have the requisite software to function as type 2.1 nodes. There are three types of type 2.
Workstations Device-Specific Connections Workstations Workstations—including personal computers (PCs), UNIX workstations, and others— have the ability to process data using applications residing in their local memory. HP offers products that support the integration of the more popular types of workstations with NonStop S-series servers.
Device-Specific Connections System Consoles System Consoles A system console is an HP-approved personal computer used to run maintenance and diagnostic software for HP NonStop S-series servers. A system console requires additional HP software and third-party software plus an HP-approved modem to use all the functionality provided by the OSM and TSM applications. Only PCs provided by HP can be used as system consoles. Starting with G06.
Other Devices Device-Specific Connections Other Devices If the device you need to connect to a NonStop S-series server is not supported by the IOPs already described, HP provides additional products that allow you to develop customized device-handling applications. Table 6-3 shows products for supporting other types of devices on the HP NonStop S-series server. Many custom devicehandling applications are currently available from HP Alliance partners. Table 6-3.
Device-Specific Connections Bit-Synchronous Protocol Support SNALU SNALU provides a lower-level interface than SNAX/HLS, letting you develop applications to communicate with other non-3270 SNA devices. Using SNALU requires that you have a complete understanding of the SNA protocols for the device. Bit-Synchronous Protocol Support HP provides two products that you can use to support bit-synchronous devices other than SNA devices: EnvoyACP/XF and CP6100.
Device-Specific Connections • • • • • Developing Your Own Front-End Process 6100 BSC Multipoint Tributary. Allows a NonStop S-series server to act as a tributary on a binary synchronous multipoint line. 6100 ADCCP. Allows a NonStop S-series server to be a supervisor, tributary, or combined station on an ADCCP, HDLC, or SDLC bit-synchronous line. 6100 Multipoint Supervisor Burroughs.
Developing Your Own Front-End Process Device-Specific Connections Figure 6-3. Extended General Device Support (GDSX) Application Requesters Pathway/TS Terminal Control Process Application Servers Custom Procedures Extended General Device Support (GDSX) CP6100 or Other I/O Process Device VST026.
Device-Specific Connections Device-Connection Application Example Device-Connection Application Example Figure 6-4 on page 6-18 is an example of how an automobile manufacturer might use a network of NonStop S-series servers for three related applications. One application schedules production, monitors the assembly process, and issues component supply instructions; it communicates with a central site to receive production requirements and report actual output.
Device-Connection Application Example Device-Specific Connections Figure 6-4. Device-Connection Application Example HP NonStop S-Series Server HP NonStop S-Series Server Expand IBM Host IBM Host Terminals, Printers X.
7 HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections HP is a recognized leader in providing system interfaces to IBM Systems Network Architecture (SNA) networks. These interfaces include batch and interactive SNA device emulation, distributed online transaction processing (OLTP), and network management services through NonStop NET/MASTER Management Services (MS) software.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections Node Types Node Types Systems and some other devices in an SNA network are called nodes. Nodes are characterized by their unique functions.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections Subarea Networking portions of a transaction among multiple programs within a network. The programs coordinate the distributed processing by exchanging control information or data. Subarea Networking An SNA network can have multiple subareas; each subarea has an address, and all addresses within a subarea are unique.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections Advantages of the SNAX Product Family Advantages of the SNAX Product Family The SNAX product family is noteworthy for its support for large configurations, and for the ease with which you can develop new applications or convert existing ones to run on an HP NonStop S-Series server.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections Integration With Existing Networks Integration With Existing Networks With SNAX products, NonStop S-series servers can be added to SNA networks with minimal changes to the system configurations in the SNA network. You need not install any software on the IBM host. With the base SNAX/APN product, the NonStop S-series server can function as a LEN node; with the extended version, SNAX/APN-EN, it acts as an end node.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections SNA Devices Using HP Applications SNA Devices Using HP Applications The SNAX/XF, SNAX/APN with the extended logon facility (XLF), and the SNAX/APN-EN with either XLF or the enhanced logon facility (ELF) products allow you to use existing SNA devices—such as 3270-type terminals, ATMs, intelligent controllers, and manufacturing-floor terminals—with applications running on NonStop S-series servers.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections SNA Devices Using HP Applications Figure 7-2. SNA Devices Using HP Applications HP NonStop S-Series Server Application SNAX/XF SNA Host SNAX/APN Communications Controller SNA Cluster Controller Automated Teller Machine SNA Cluster Controller 3270 Terminal Automated Teller Machine 3270 Printer 3270 Terminal 3270 Printer Legend Logical connection VST029.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections SNAX/XF SNAX/XF SNAX/XF allows SNA devices attached to the NonStop S-series server through switched lines, leased lines, token-ring or Ethernet LANs, or X.25 network connections to use HP applications. When used with the Pathway/TS product or certain other HP applications, the NonStop S-series server provides SNA presentation and session services for attached 3270 devices.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections SNAX/XF Figure 7-3. SNAX/XF Passthrough SNA Host HP NonStop S-Series Server SNAX/XF Communications Controller Application EM3270 ATP6100 Terminals Legend Logical connection VST030.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections ES Connect ES Connect ES Connect enables NonStop S-Series processors to communicate with IBM mainframes through IBM’s ESCON channel. Use of the channel means that bulk data transfer to and from IBM machines will be significantly faster. ESCON stands for Enterprise Systems Connection, the major high-speed channel of IBM’s ES9000 series of mainframes.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections ES Connect Figure 7-4. ES Connect Architectural Overview PCI to ESCON HP NonStop S-Series Server ES Connect SNAX ServerNet Titanium Titanium BCOM LU-LU 6.2 Session VTAM NT Workstation BCOM IBM Host VST034.vsd HP to IBM To send information to its counterpart on IBM, BCOM on the HP computer interfaces with SNAX.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections SNAX/APN IBM to HP To send data to BCOM on the NonStop S-Series server, BCOM on the IBM system passes the data to VTAM. VTAM places the data on the ESCON channel. The PCI/ESCON interface card on the NT platform takes the data off the ESCON channel and gives the data to ES Connect. ES Connect saves the data until SNAX makes a request for it. When Titanium gives the data to SNAX, SNAX forwards it to the application.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections SNAX/APN Figure 7-5. SNAX/APN Connectivity HP NonStop Server HP NonStop Server HP NonStop Server LU Application LU Application Application SNAX/APN Line Handler SNAX/APN Line Handler SNAX/APN Line Handler Type 2.1 Node Network Node SNA Host ILOGMGR LU Application Note: ILOGMGR is used with XLF; it is not used with ELF. APPN Network SNA Subarea Network Type 2.1 Node SNA Peripheral Node LU Application 1.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections HP Devices Using SNA Applications HP Devices Using SNA Applications To allow NonStop S-series servers and attached devices to use SNA applications, HP provides software that emulates IBM batch devices (batch mode) or display terminals (interactive mode).
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections SNAX/APC and SNAX/HLS SNAX/APC and SNAX/HLS SNAX/APC and SNAX/HLS are products that implement high-level SNA protocols and provide high-level application interfaces. SNAX/APC uses SNA LU 6.2 protocols and allows you to develop applications that communicate with other LU 6.2 applications in an SNA network. SNAX/HLS allows you to develop applications that communicate with LU types 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections SNA Subsystem Management SNA Subsystem Management HP provides utilities for configuring and managing SNAX products, including the means for sending management information to an SNA host. Integration With DSM The SNAX product family is integrated with DSM. (DSM is described in Section 4, Managing Communications Subsystems.) You can use NonStop NET/MASTER Management Services (MS) or SCF to control SNAX/XF, SNAX/APN, and SNAX/APC.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections SNAX/XF CNM Interface DSM/SNAView Software DSM/SNAView software is an application that sends formatted SNA alerts—either Network Management Vector Transport (NMVT) request/response units or Record Format Maintenance Statistics (RECFMS) request/response units—to an SNA host for display on an IBM NetView or NET/MASTER console. The version of NetView must be release 2 or higher; the version of NET/MASTER must be 2.1 or higher.
HP NonStop S-Series Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Connections SNA Application Example SNA Application Example Figure 7-6 is an application example of a retail chain that has thousands of SNA pointof-sale (POS) terminals. The terminals in each store are controlled by an IBM 3651 store controller. The company has connected the 3651 controllers to a network of NonStop S-series servers and other HP NonStop servers running SNAX/XF.
8 Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections This section describes HP products that implement the standards of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) architecture, including the International Telecommunications Union–Telecommunications (ITU–T) Recommendation for packet-switched data networks (PSDNs). These products enable HP networks to integrate with systems and devices of other vendors providing OSI, X.25, and TCP/IP implementations.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections A Brief Look at OSI Figure 8-1.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections A Brief Look at OSI Each of the seven layers performs a distinct function, described briefly below: Application Layer Gives an application program access to the OSI network. This layer consists of two kinds of service elements: Those common to many applications constitute the Association Control Service Element (ACSE); those used for specific applications are called Application Service Elements (ASEs), of which FTAM and X.400 are examples.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections A Brief Look at OSI Each layer communicates with its corresponding (peer) layer on a connected system, using a layer-specific protocol. Each layer of the OSI Reference Model uses the services provided by the layer below it and provides services to the layer above it.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections A Brief Look at OSI Figure 8-2 shows the HP NonStop OSI products, X25AM, PAM, HP NonStop TCP/IP, and the ServerNet LAN systems access (SLSA) subsystems. Figure 8-2.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections HP NonStop OSI Advantages HP NonStop OSI Advantages HP NonStop OSI products have several key features that make them a strong platform for OSI applications—including application services such as X.400, electronic data interchange (EDI), and FTAM. Some of the features that make HP NonStop OSI a good choice are summarized here. General-Purpose Session Implementation HP NonStop OSI products include a general-purpose implementation of the Session Layer.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections FTAM Implementation FTAM Implementation HP NonStop OSI includes an implementation of the ISO standard for FTAM. HP NonStop OSI/FTAM provides a low-level programmatic interface that supports the vast majority of FTAM primitives. It also supports access to structured text files, access to rows in Structured Query Language (SQL) tables, and reading of directory files (as defined by the National Bureau of Standards, or NBS). Message Handling Systems (X.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections File Transfer, Access, and Management (OSI/FTAM) product is running. In fact, the OSI configuration is preserved through the failure; the application need only reestablish the connection with the remote system. In addition to the HP fundamentals, your applications have access to other software on the NonStop S-series server, for example, HP NonStop SQL/MP. (See Figure 8-5 on page 8-17.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections Message Handling System (OSI/MHS) following service classes: file transfer, file management, file transfer and management (which includes subsets of file transfer and file management), and file access.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections Message Handling System (OSI/MHS) With OSI/MHS, applications on NonStop S-series servers can exchange messages with proprietary and standard messaging systems on an OSI network, or a network of NonStop S-series servers can serve as a backbone messaging network for other systems, as shown in Figure 8-3. Figure 8-3. OSI/MHS as a Backbone Messaging Network Remote User Agents NonStop System Backbone Messaging Network (ADMD) X.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections Message Handling System (OSI/MHS) Message handling, or messaging, is the computing function that allows exchange of electronic messages among users in a network. Several kinds of messages are explicitly defined by the standard, and many more are conceivable.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections Message Handling System (OSI/MHS) Figure 8-4.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections Message Handling System (OSI/MHS) HP NonStop OSI/MHS includes five interfaces for sending and receiving messages. • • • • • The first interface allows a remote X.400 MTA (or a messaging system with an X.400 gateway) to interact with OSI/MHS across an OSI network, using the standard protocol P1. The second interface is a gateway for the TRANSFER product, the HP proprietary messaging system.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections Upper Layer Interfaces (OSI/AS) Upper Layer Interfaces (OSI/AS) HP NonStop OSI/AS is an implementation of the OSI Session and Presentation Layers (layers 5 and 6) and the Association Control Service Element (ACSE) in the Application Layer (layer 7). It provides the means for an application running on a NonStop system to communicate with other applications in a multivendor OSI network.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections Network and Data Link Interfaces Network and Data Link Interfaces WAN and LAN connectivity for HP NonStop OSI is provided by the HP X.25 Access Method (X25AM) subsystem and the Port Access Method (PAM) subsystem, respectively. TCP/IP connectivity for HP NonStop OSI is provided by either X25AM or PAM. OSI/TS can run over either X25AM or PAM; it also implements the Internet Protocol (IP) for use over the PAM or X25AM subsystem.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections OSI Subsystem Management The PAM subsystem is also described in Section 9, Local Area Network (LAN) Connections. OSI Subsystem Management HP NonStop OSI products are fully integrated with HP Distributed Systems Management (DSM) tools. (DSM is described in Section 4, Managing Communications Subsystems.) All subsystems use the Event Management Service (EMS), a DSM management interface. When an error occurs, the subsystem sends an event message to EMS.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections OSI Application Example Figure 8-5. OSI Application Example HP NonStop S-Series Dynamic SQL Programs HP NonStop SQL/MP SQL Database RDA Servers OSI/AS OSI/TS PAM X25AM SLSA X.25 802.3 LAN PSDN Client Systems Client Systems VST032.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Connections OSI Application Example Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers— 520670-005 8- 18
9 Local Area Network (LAN) Connections This section describes HP products that allow HP NonStop S-series servers, workstations, and other systems and devices to communicate across local area networks (LANs). HP offers LAN interface products based on industry-standard and de facto LAN protocols. HP LAN connectivity products allow you to integrate NonStop S-series servers and Expand networks with existing LANs.
LAN Interfaces for HP NonStop S-Series Servers Local Area Network (LAN) Connections 802 Standard Description (page 2 of 2) 802.3u Defines a standard for Fast Ethernet. 802.z Defines a standard for Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Base-SX standard). 802.4 Defines a MAC protocol known as token-bus for token passing in a bus topology, using broadband or baseband cable. 802.
Local Area Network (LAN) Connections Port Access Method (PAM) Programmatic Interfaces information about the SLSA subsystem, refer to ServerNet LAN Systems Access (SLSA) Subsystem on page 2-11. Port Access Method (PAM) Programmatic Interfaces The PAM subsystem is an independent interface that provides programmatic interfaces that can be used by applications programmers to support specialized devices or applications on a LAN.
NetBIOS-Compatible LANs Local Area Network (LAN) Connections Figure 9-2 shows the relationship between applications and the programmatic interfaces to the PAM subsystem. Figure 9-2. PAM Programmatic Interfaces LLC2 appl. Ethernet appl. SNAX appl. LLC1 appl. Ethernet LLC1 LLC2 Port Interface PAM VST102.
LAN Subsystem Management Local Area Network (LAN) Connections LAN Subsystem Management HP NonStop IPX/SPX, the SLSA subsystem, and the PAM subsystem support DSM and the Event Management Service (EMS). You can use the Subsystem Control Facility (SCF) to manage these products interactively. The PAM subsystem also provides the Subsystem Programmatic Interface (SPI) for writing management applications.
Local Area Network (LAN) Connections LAN Subsystem Management Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers— 520670-005 9 -6
10 TCP/IP Network Connections HP provides a set of products that let you integrate HP NonStop S-series servers with multivendor host networks and workstations using the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) or related User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and the Internet Protocol (IP).
TCP/IP Network Connections A Brief Look at TCP/IP A Brief Look at TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is a set of layered communications protocols for connecting workstations and larger systems. The interface was defined by users at several universities under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA).
TCP/IP Network Connections HP NonStop TCP/IP, Parallel Library TCP/IP, and NonStop TCP/IPv6 HP NonStop TCP/IP, Parallel Library TCP/IP, and NonStop TCP/IPv6 NonStop TCP/IP, Parallel Library TCP/IP, and NonStop TCP/IPv6 provide TCP/IP connections for the NonStop S-series server.
HP NonStop TCP/IP, Parallel Library TCP/IP, and NonStop TCP/IPv6 TCP/IP Network Connections Figure 10-1. NonStop TCP/IP and Related Products Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Gateway Your Applications Pathway/iTS Terminal Control Process TN3270 TELNET Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Domain Name Service (DNS) FASTPTCP Sockets Interface TCP/IP X25AM Subsystem SLSA Subsystem ATM Subsystem Comm.
TCP/IP Network Connections LAN and WAN Connections LAN and WAN Connections The TCP/IP products support both LANs and WANs by running over the SLSA subsystem and X25AM, respectively. (If you use X25AM, TCP or UDP uses the routing services of X25AM as well as IP.) The application interface is the same for LANs and WANs. NonStop TCP/IP supports Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, token-ring, and ATM connectivity.
TCP/IP Network Connections Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Gateway One such component implements the TCP/IP network terminal protocol (TELNET). The HP TELNET client allows you to log onto another computer on the TCP/IP network as if your application were a terminal. The HP TELNET server lets users on other systems or workstations log onto your NonStop S-series server to run line-at-a-time applications, such as HP utilities or conversational Pathway applications.
TCP/IP Network Connections NonStop TCP/IP, Parallel Library TCP/IP, and NonStop TCP/IPv6 Subsystem Management NonStop TCP/IP, Parallel Library TCP/IP, and NonStop TCP/IPv6 Subsystem Management The TCP/IP products support Distributed Systems Management (DSM). They also support a programmatic interface. The NonStop TCP/IP products report critical errors or other abnormal conditions to the Event Management Service (EMS).
Parallel Library TCP/IP Architecture and Features TCP/IP Network Connections Figure 10-2. NonStop TCP/IP Application Example Sockets Application SQL Database NonStop SQL/MP TCP/IP Location Data on Trucks, Cargo, Destination SLSA Ethernet LAN Ethernet LAN File Server File Server UNIX Workstations with TCP/IP and Sockets Interface Geographic Maps Maps 24:30:01 zulu Display Application Shows Current Location Data Overlaid on Maps VST039.
TCP/IP Network Connections Parallel Library TCP/IP Architecture and Features to the correct processor from the adapter, Parallel Library TCP/IP eliminates the message-system hop that occurred between processes in the NonStop TCP/IP architecture. By eliminating message system hops, Parallel Library TCP/IP reduces the total path-length from the application to the wire. This path-length reduction reduces individual request latency.
TCP/IP Network Connections NonStop TCP/IPv6 Architecture and Features NonStop TCP/IPv6 Architecture and Features NonStop TCP/IPv6 shares the same architecture and features of Parallel Library TCP/IP and adds IP version 6 (IPv6) functionality. NonStop TCP/IPv6 is available as of G06.20. Since Parallel Library TCP/IP is now a mature product, any new features that are added in the future will be added to NonStop TCP/IPv6 rather than to Parallel Library TCP/IP.
TCP/IP Network Connections NonStop TCP/IPv6 Architecture and Features Refer to the following manuals for information about NonStop TCP/IPv6: TCP/IPv6 Configuration and Management Manual TCP/IPv6 Migration Guide TCP/IPv6 Configuration and Management Manual Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers— 520670-005 10 -11
TCP/IP Network Connections NonStop TCP/IPv6 Architecture and Features Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers— 520670-005 10 -12
11 Internet Applications The growth of the Internet and the World Wide Web is transforming the corporate environment. In order to meet the challenges of this new environment, HP offers an integrated family of Internet transaction processing servers and solutions for running critical enterprise applications on the Web. HP WebServer solutions comprise a comprehensive suite of products and services. This section provides a brief overview of some of the HP WebServer products available on the NonStop system.
Internet Applications HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) The Web uses HTTP to transfer data between clients and servers. HTTP allows exchanges of documents, human input, and application output between clients and servers that support it.
Internet Applications Extensible Markup Language (XML) NonStop products. For an overview of all these other components of a complete J2EE environment, consult the Sun Microsystems J2EE website. Extensible Markup Language (XML) The Extensible Markup Language (XML) is the universal format for structured documents and data on the web. XML is extensible, platform-independent and is similar to HTML in that XML uses tags and attributes.
Internet Applications • • • • • iTP Secure WebServer Multi-threading Persistence Database connectivity Resource pooling Development, testing, and packaging facilities The WebLogic Server uses the Java platform for portability to a large number of operating platforms supporting the Java platform. On properly configured HP NonStop servers, the WebLogic Server runs unchanged just like on other platforms.
Internet Applications • • • iTP Active Transaction Pages (ATP) Encryption and authentication methodologies Standards compliance Virtual host support for multiple domains iTP Active Transaction Pages (ATP) iTP ATP is a server-side JavaScript environment for NonStop systems. iTP ATP enriches the iTP Secure WebServer application-development process by letting you use the popular JavaScript scripting language and readily available Web-authoring tools.
Internet Applications NonStop Servlets for JavaServer Pages (NSJSP) NonStop Servlets for JavaServer Pages (NSJSP) NonStop Servlets for JavaServer Pages (NSJSP) are platform-independent server-side programs that programmatically extend the functionality of web-based applications by providing dynamic content from a webserver to a client browser over the HTTP protocol.
Internet Applications NonStop SOAP for Java time, the SOAP server references the SDR, instead of the SDL document. The Soap Admin tool then manages the SDR. • • A tool called Soap Admin, which you use if your XML or SOAP client will communicate with NonStop TS/MP services. The Soap Admin tool parses an XML input file conforming to the SDL DTD and can generate a variety of files that you can use to customize your configuration. Compliance with XML, SOAP, JavaScript, HTTP, and HTML standards.
Internet Application Example Internet Applications Internet Application Example Figure 11-1 is an application example that shows how the components within the iTP Web Environment interact. Figure 11-1. Internet Application Example iTP Web Environment Web Client httpd Web Client distributor Generic CGI NSJSP Container Network PathWay CGIs ATP SOAP Server Web Client Web Client iTP WebServer Environment VST111.
A HP NonStop Communications Products This alphabetical appendix lists and briefly describes HP NonStop communications software and hardware products. Also included are some other HP products used with communications subsystems; for example, some Distributed Systems Management (DSM) tools and utilities. ActionView.400 A client-server application for HP NonStop S-series servers and PC workstations using the Microsoft Windows operating system. The ActionView.
HP NonStop Communications Products Common Communication ServerNet Adapter (CCSA) A ServerNet adapter that provides connectivity between NonStop S-series servers and Signaling System Number 7 (SS7) protocol LANs. It features a four-port adapter supporting automatic configuration for V.35, EIA-449, EIA-232, or X.21 operation.
HP NonStop Communications Products ES Connect A product that enables NonStop S-Series processors to communicate with IBM mainframes through IBM’s Enterprise Systems Connection (ESCON) channel. Use of the channel means that bulk data transfer to and from IBM machines will be significantly faster. Ethernet 4 ServerNet adapter (E4SA) A ServerNet adapter that provides flexible and efficient connectivity between NonStop S-series servers and Ethernet local area networks (LANs).
HP NonStop Communications Products FASTPTCP FASTPTCP is a Spooler Print Process that supports a wide-range of network printers as well as printers connected to print servers and terminal servers. Protocols supported include HPJetDirect, Lexmark, Microplex, LPD1179, TELNET, and “raw” TCP. AWAN 3883/4/5 and 3886 models include enhanced support for Fastptcp TELNET protocol. Special support is provided for HP TTAP and Hewlett-Packard PCL printers. FESA See Fast Ethernet ServerNet adapter (FESA).
HP NonStop Communications Products HP NonStop ODBC Server Database connectivity software that allows programs written for use with the Microsoft Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) product, the Microsoft Structured Query Language (SQL) Server, or the Sybase SQL server to access ODBC databases. The NonStop ODBC Server replaces the HP SQL Server Gateway product. HP NonStop ServerNet Switch (model 6780) A modular cluster switch that includes a logic board, plug-in cards, power supplies, and fans.
HP NonStop Communications Products HP OSI/FTAM A communications subsystem that provides file transfer, access, and management (FTAM) functions across a heterogeneous network, in conformance with the International Standardization Organization (ISO) FTAM standard. HP OSI/FTAM supports the transfer of files between NonStop S-series servers and other kinds of computers.
HP NonStop Communications Products iTP Secure WebServer A software product that provides a full range of services for running online commercial or informational enterprises on the World Wide Web. In addition to basic Web-related services, the iTP Secure WebServer provides other important services including access control, enhanced logging, customized error messaging, and automatic directory indexing. IXF See Information Xchange Facility (IXF).
HP NonStop Communications Products NonStop Transaction Manager/MP (NonStop TM/MP) One of the core HP transaction processing (TP) services. NonStop TM/MP provides services that ensure that all logical transactions complete entirely or not at all. NonStop TM/MP gives full protection to transactions that access distributed NonStop SQL/MP and Enscribe databases in addition to recovery capabilities for transactions, online disk volumes, and entire databases.
HP NonStop Communications Products Port Access Method (PAM) An HP communications subsystem that provides an independent interface to allow applications access to token-ring or Ethernet local area networks (LANs) on NonStop S-series servers. The PAM subsystem provides a port interface that applications can use by making file-system procedure calls. PTrace PTrace displays the results of a trace obtained with the SNAX product family.
HP NonStop Communications Products ServerNet wide area network (SWAN) concentrator A communications device that connects to a NonStop S-series server through dual Ethernet ports and provides WAN connections. The SWAN concentrator supports both synchronous and asynchronous data using EIA-232, EIA-449, V.35, and X.21 electrical and physical interfaces. Each SWAN concentrator can also have at least one synchronous line running at a speed of up to 256 kilobits per second (Kbps).
HP NonStop Communications Products SNAX Creator-2 A software product that starts CRT or ITI applications automatically when a logon request or an INIT-SELF request is received. SNAX Creator-2 replaces the original Creator process. SNAX Extended Facility (SNAX/XF) A software product that enables IBM Systems Network Architecture (SNA) hosts and devices to communicate with and share applications with NonStop S-series servers.
HP NonStop Communications Products SWAN 2 Concentrator See ServerNet wide area network (SWAN 2) concentrator. See also ServerNet wide area network (SWAN) concentrator. TCP/IP See HP NonStop TCP/IP, HP NonStop TCP/IPv6, and Parallel Library TCP/IP. Telserv An HP product that provides the TELNET protocol for remote terminal connection services. TFDS See HP Failure Data System (TFDS). TMF See Transaction Monitoring Facility (TMF).
HP NonStop Communications Products Wide area network (WAN) subsystem The communications subsystem used to configure and manage both WAN and local area network (LAN) connectivity for the following communications subsystems: Asynchronous Terminal Process 6100 (ATP6100), CP6100, Envoy, EnvoyACP/XF, Expand, SNAX Advanced Peer Networking (SNAX/APN), SNAX Creator-2, and X.25 Access Method (X25AM).
HP NonStop Communications Products Introduction to Networking for HP NonStop S-Series Servers—520670-005 A -14
B Communications Products by Type of Connection This appendix lists HP NonStop communications products that can be used for connecting to various types of devices and networks. In many cases, there are several products you could use; the best choice depends on specific characteristics of the device you are connecting, the topology of your network and the communications lines or facilities you want to use, your performance requirements, and other factors.
Communications Products by Type of Connection IBM Mainframe or Intelligent Devices IBM Mainframe or Intelligent Devices AM3270 CP6100 EM3270 Envoy (byte-synchronous) EnvoyACP/XF ES Connect Exchange HP NonStop TCP/IP SNAX/APC (LU 6.
Communications Products by Type of Connection Other Computers or Devices Other Computers or Devices CP6100 Envoy EnvoyACP/XF GDSX HP NonStop TCP/IP HP OSI/AS HP OSI/TS X25AM PC Workstations Asynchronous wide area network (AWAN) access servers ES Connect NonStop IPX/SPX PC6530 RSC/MP HP NBT HP NBX HP NonStop TCP/IP HP NonStop ODBC Server (replaces SQL Server Gateway) Titanium TN3270 Printers, Serial Asynchronous wide area network (AWAN) access servers AWAN 3886-08, 3886-16, AWAN-32 ATP6100 CP6100 Envoy S
Communications Products by Type of Connection Sun Workstations RSC/MP HP NonStop TCP/IP HP OSI/AS HP OSI/TS TN3270 TN6530 x6530 HP NonStop Servers ES Connect Expand subsystem ServerNet/FX adapter subsystem TCP/IP Networks NonStop TCP/IP NonStop TCP/IPv6 Parallel Library TCP/IP UNIX Workstations HP NonStop RSC/MP HP NonStop TCP/IP HP OSI/AS HP OSI/TS TN3270 TN6530 x6530 X.
C Guide to the Manuals This appendix can help you select the manuals you will need in the course of learning about—and using—HP communications products. Because so many different combinations of products are possible, and because most product-specific manuals introduce the manual sets to which they belong, this appendix does not attempt to present every possible combination of manuals.
Guide to the Manuals Management Programming Manuals Management Programming Manuals If you are writing an application that manages one or more communications subsystems, you need a combination of programming and management manuals. You need several Guardian manuals and the manuals for the programming language and development tools you will use. You also need several Distributed Systems Management (DSM) manuals and the management programming manual for every product your application must manage.
Glossary This glossary includes a selection of terms used in this manual. Definitions of data communications terms are brief; they are intended only to make this manual more meaningful than it would otherwise be to readers unfamiliar with communications and networking. Many textbooks and technical dictionaries define these terms in more detail. Note. Names of HP products are generally defined in Appendix A, HP NonStop Communications Products, rather than in this glossary. access method.
Glossary Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) protocol Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) protocol. A cell-switching and multiplexing technology that combines the benefits of circuit switching (constant transmission delay and guaranteed capacity) with those of packet switching (flexibility and efficiency for intermittent traffic). ATM is a connection-oriented environment. The ATM subsystem is the HP implementation of the ATM protocol. asynchronous wide area network (AWAN) servers.
broadband Glossary broadband. A signaling technique in which the signal is modulated by a modem. Broadband is characterized by the use of multiple frequency channels for transmission. Contrast with baseband and carrierband. BSC. See Binary Synchronous Communication (BSC). bus. A system or subsystem data path that provides serial or parallel interconnection for multiple modules or components. Examples of buses are serial maintenance buses (SMBs) and SCSI buses. byte-synchronous data transmission.
Glossary command interpreter command interpreter. A program that accepts commands for control of a subsystem or utility and that either executes those commands or sends them to the program that will execute them. Command interpreters are most commonly used interactively, by human users, but most can also accept input in other ways—for example, from command files. communications line interface processor (CLIP).
connection-oriented Glossary connection-oriented. Characterized by logical connections between communicating entities. Connection-oriented protocols ensure that data arrives at its destination in sequence and error-free. Contrast with connectionless. connectivity. The ability of a system to communicate meaningfully with other systems and devices by way of communications protocols. controller. See ServerNet addressable controller (SAC). cooperative processing.
dual-ported Glossary addressing purposes. (4) In Domain Name Service (DNS), a domain is the set of nodes where a given name and its attributes are defined. dual-ported. The capability of a ServerNet adapter or peripheral device to receive data and commands from two sources although only one source might have access at any particular moment. electronic data interchange (EDI). An application of messaging in which the messages consist of business data in a prescribed format.
Glossary Expand-over-IP line-handler process and outgoing Expand messages and packets going outside a FOX ring and handles security-related messages within the ring. Expand-over-IP line-handler process. An Expand line-handler process that uses the NonStop TCP/IP subsystem to provide connectivity to an Internet Protocol (IP) network. Expand-over-NAM line-handler process.
file Glossary subsystem is provided for NonStop K-series servers, and the ServerNet/FX adapter subsystem is provided for NonStop S-Series servers. See also Expand-over-FOX linehandler process and FOX ring. file. A logical construct subject to operations such as reading and writing. The term file is most commonly used to refer to data stored on a disk, but on the NonStop server, processes, devices, and various other entities are also defined as files. file attribute.
gateway Glossary standard AWAN using Telserv or FASTPTCP. GAP is provided by Gemini Communications, Inc., an HP Alliance Partner (http://www.geminic.com). gateway. A device that connects different local area networks (LANs) at a level above the Network Layer; that is, it accommodates differences at some higher layer and all layers below it. Contrast with bridge. GESA. See Gigabit Ethernet ServerNet adapter (GESA). Gigabit Ethernet 4-port ServerNet adapter (G4SA).
heterogeneous Glossary heterogeneous. Consisting of components following different protocols and often manufactured by different vendors. High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) Extended Mode protocol. The protocol used by the satellite-connect line-handler process.
International Standards Organization (ISO) Glossary International Standards Organization (ISO). A worldwide federation of national standards bodies established to promote the development of standards, such as network communications standards, to facilitate the international exchange of goods and services, and to develop mutual cooperation in areas of intellectual, scientific, technological, and economic activity. International Telecommunications Union–Telecommunications (ITU–T).
line interface module (LIM) Glossary line interface module (LIM). The part of a line interface unit (LIU) that provides the electrical interface. See line interface unit (LIU). line interface unit (LIU). A dual-ported unit consisting of two parts: a communications line interface processor (CLIP) and a line interface module (LIM). An LIU can communicate with either the primary or the backup processor, providing fault-tolerance.
Measure Glossary communicates to control a particular subsystem. (For example, an application controls SNAX/XF by issuing requests to the SCP, but the SSCP process actually services the requests. The SCP is the management process, and the SSCP is the manager process.) Measure. A tool used for monitoring the performance of HP NonStop systems. Measure can be used in an Expand network to determine if the network is contributing to performance problems. media access control (MAC).
multipoint Glossary reroutes data over remaining lines if one or more lines fail. See also line, path, and route. multipoint. A communications line connecting more than two data stations for data transmission. See also point-to-point. NAU. See network addressable unit (NAU). NetBIOS. See network basic input/output system (NetBIOS). NETNAM protocol. The protocol used by an Expand line-handler process to communicate with a network access method (NAM). See also network access method (NAM). network.
NonStop Kernel Glossary NonStop Kernel. The HP operating system, which consists of the core and system services. The operating system does not include any application program interfaces (APIs). NonStop TCP/IP. The HP implementation of Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) for the HP NonStop servers. See also Parallel Library TCP/IP and NonStop TCP/IPv6. NonStop TCP/IP process. An HP product that supports the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) layers.
OSM Glossary OSM. OSM stands for HP NonStop Open System Management (OSM) Interface. This product replaces TSM as the system management tool of choice for NonStop S-series servers. It provides the same functionality as TSM while overcoming the limitations of TSM. OSM is required for support of the new functionality released in G06.21 and later RVUs. packet assembler/disassembler (PAD). A device that allows asynchronous terminals (or other entities emulating asynchronous terminals) to use an X.25 network.
Physical Layer Glossary Physical Layer. Layer 1 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model. This layer establishes the physical connection between the network and the computer equipment. Protocols at the Physical Layer include rules for transmission of bits across the physical medium and rules for connectors and wiring. physical unit (PU). An entity in an IBM Systems Network Architecture (SNA) network, responsible for the physical configuration of a node.
protocol module Glossary protocol module. A program that runs in a communications line interface processor (CLIP) and implements a communications protocol, normally a link-level protocol. PU. See physical unit (PU). public data network (PDN). An X.25 packet-switched data network (PSDN), operated by a public institution, and available, by subscription, to a broad range of users. remote bridge. A device that connects local area networks (LANs) in different geographic locations.
Glossary sensitive command sensitive command. A command that can be issued only by a restricted set of users. For HP communications subsystems, the sensitive commands are those that can change the state or configuration of objects, start or stop tracing, or change the values of statistics counters. server. (1) An implementation of a system used as a stand-alone system or as a node in an Expand network.
Glossary ServerNet/FX adapter subsystem ServerNet/FX adapter subsystem. The HP subsystem that enables a NonStop S-Series server to communicate with Cyclone and NonStop K-series servers in a FOX ring. See also Expand-over-FOX line-handler process and FOX ring. ServerNet LAN systems access (SLSA) subsystem. A subsystem of the NonStop Kernel operating system. The SLSA subsystem enables the protocol input-output (I/O) processes (IOPs) and drivers to access the ServerNet adapters. ServerNet SAN.
SNA Glossary SNA. See Systems Network Architecture (SNA). SNMP. See Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). socket. A logical connection between two applications across a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) network. stack. A layered organization of protocol functions, in which entities at a given level use services at the next lower level. Application-oriented functions are near the top of the stack, and communications-oriented functions are near the bottom of the stack. subarea.
Glossary system services control point (SSCP) system services control point (SSCP). An IBM Systems Network Architecture (SNA) network entity residing in a host node and providing services for control of network resources. Systems Network Architecture (SNA). The IBM communications model that describes the logical structure, formats, protocols, and operational sequences for transmitting information units through, and controlling the configuration and operation of, networks. TCP/IP.
TSM Glossary service has a high level of reliability, less work might be required of the Transport Layer. TSM. See Compaq TSM. two-step read. A method of receiving incoming data by obtaining first the length of the incoming message and then the data itself, in two separate calls. uninterruptible power supply (UPS). A source of power, external to a device, capable of supplying continuous power to the device in the event of a power failure. User Agent (UA).
zone Glossary each other; therefore, a ServerNet packet cannot cross from one fabric to the other and a failure in one fabric does not affect the other fabric. zone. An arbitrary administrative division of a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) domain.
Index Numbers 2780/3780 devices, ways of connecting to 6-9, B-1 See also Emulation 3270 devices, ways of connecting to See also Emulation AM3270 connections 6-7 SNAX/XF and SNAX/APN connections 6-8 summary of products B-1 3770 devices, ways of connecting to 7-14, B-1 3883, AWAN Access Server 6-4 3884, AWAN Access Server 6-4 3885, AWAN Access Server 6-4 3886, AWAN Servers 6-4 6100 ADCCP protocol module 2-19, 6-15 6100 BSC protocol module 2-19, 6-14 6100 Multipoint Supervisor Burroughs protocol module 6-15 65
Index B Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) subsystem 5-5 Asynchronous wide area network (AWAN) access servers See AWAN access servers Atalla Corporation 4-19, 5-12 ATM connectivity 10-3 Expand-over-ATM connections 5-5 SCF interface to 4-15 ATM 3 ServerNet adapter (ATM3SA) 2-21 ATM3SA 2-21 ATP6100 connecting asynchronous terminals with 2-33, 6-3 SCF interface to 4-15 SNAX/XF passthrough and 7-8 WAN subsystem and 2-14, 4-15 Auto configuration 10-10 Availability Statistics and Performance (ASAP) 4-19, 5-10 AWA
Index D CP6100 (continued) Envoy compared to 6-15 Exchange/RJE and 6-9 SCF interface to 4-15 WAN subsystem and 2-14, 4-15 CRUs 2-26 in SWAN 2 2-26 CSMA/CD protocol 9-1 Current loop for AWAN 3886 2-30 Current-loop printer 2-34 Custom device support 2-8, 2-18, 6-13, 6-15 See also Standard device support Customer-replaceable units (CRUs) See CRUs D Data encryption 4-19, 5-12 Data link control 6-1, 6-14 Data streams 2-9, 6-2 Database products See NonStop SQL/MP, Enscribe Datagrams 9-3, 10-2 Dataproducts Long
Index F Event logging and monitoring 4-7 Event management 2-10, 4-6, 4-17 Event Management Service (EMS) 4-6, 4-17 EMS Analyzer 4-17 Exchange/RJE 6-9 Exchange/SNA 6-9, 7-14 Expand subsystem detailed description of 5-1/5-12 general description of 1-1 SCF interface to 4-15 WAN subsystem and 4-15 Extended General Device Support (GDSX) connecting devices with 6-13 custom device support with 2-19 developing a front-end process with 6-15 Extensible Markup Language (XML) 11-3 F Fan 2-27 Fast Ethernet ServerNet
Index I High-level, as relative term 2-1 Host computers 5-8 HP FASTPTCP Spooler print process 6-4 HP NBT connecting to NetBIOS-compatible LANs with 9-4 HP NBX connecting to NetBIOS-compatible LANs with 9-4 general description of 3-19 HP NonStop Cluster Switch definition 2-32 HP NonStop fundamentals 1-3 HP Nonstop Remote Server Call/MP (RSC/MP) B-2 HP NonStop SQL/MP definition 3-12 HP NonStop TCP/IP connecting terminals with 2-33, 6-3 connecting UNIX workstations with 6-11, 6-12 detailed description of 10-
Index J IPv6 address 10-10 iTP Active Transaction Pages (ATP) 11-5 iTP Secure WebServer 11-4 creation of servlets 11-4 J J2EE 11-3 Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) 11-2 JavaScript 11-5 JavaServer Pages (JSP) 11-2 K Kernel, HP NonStop 5-1 L LAN BIC 2-27 LAN LB 2-27 Language support 3-19 LANs 9-1/9-2 clients 2-12 service providers 2-12 Layered product structure benefits of 2-2 examples of 2-11 Layers, OSI 8-3 Leased lines advantages and disadvantages of 5-4 See also dedicated lines LLC protocol 9-1 Local
Index O Networks HP NonStop OSI 8-15 NonStop servers in 1-1 OSI 8-1 TCP/IP 10-5 X.
Index Q Pathway/XM 3-11 PC6530 terminal emulator 10-6 PCI/ESCON interface card 7-12 PCs See Personal computers, ways of connecting to Peer layer 8-4 Performance tools 4-18 tuning 5-9 Personal computers (PCs), ways of connecting to Compaq NonStop TCP/IP connections 10-3 general information about 6-11 HP NonStop NBT and NBX and NonStop IPX/SPX connections 9-4 summary of products B-3 Physical Layer 8-3 Physical units (PUs) 7-2 Port Access Method (PAM) general description of 8-15 management interfaces for 9-5
Index S Requester-server model 3-8 Requests, file system 3-15 Responder processes, OSI/FTAM 8-8 RFC-1006 standard 8-6 Routing 7-4 S SACs, in ServerNet adapters 2-19 Safeguard 4-19 Safeguard security system 4-19 description of 5-12 SBI, in ServerNet adapters 2-19 SCF 4-4, 4-16, 4-19 SCP 4-5 SDLC protocol 6-14 Security 4-19 network 5-11 Sensitive commands 4-19 Serial printers See Printers, ways of connecting to ServerNet Cluster 2-32 Cluster Switches 5-6 ServerNet Cluster subsystem SCF interface to 4-15 Se
Index T SNAX/XF (continued) relationship of SNAX Creator-2 to 7-6 SCF interface to 4-16 WAN subsystem and 2-14, 4-15 SNAX/XF CNM interface 7-17 SNMP key components 4-8 SNMP agents 4-8 SOAP server 11-6 Sockets definition of 10-5 library 3-18, 10-5 Sockets Library 2-12 SPI 4-5 SQL*Connect 3-12 SSCPs 7-2 Standard device support 6-3 See also Custom device support Standards, interfaces based on 2-10, 3-18, 8-14, 10-5 Stateless address auto configuration 10-10 Subarea networking, SNA 7-3 Subdevices 2-10, 3-14 S
Index U Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) 10-2 Transmission facilities SNAX 7-4 Transparency Compaq OSI 8-6 network 5-1 Transport classes 8-3, 8-6, 8-14 Transport implementation, Compaq OSI 8-14 Transport Layer 8-3 Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) 10-5 Troubleshooting 5-9 TRSA 2-22 TSM 4-13, 6-11 TSM package 4-13 TTAP 2-35 Tuning 5-9 Two-step read 3-16 U UDP 10-2 Universal Resource Locators (URLs) 11-1 Universal Workstation emulator 10-6 UNIX workstations, connecting to 6-11,
Index Z X.
