Open System Services Shell and Utilities Reference Manual (G06.25+, H06.03+)

User Commands (k - l) ls(1)
There are three main ways to format the output:
• List entries in multiple columns by specifying either the -C or -x flag. -1 is the default
format, when output is sent to a terminal.
• List one entry per line.
• List entries in a comma-separated series by specifying the
-m flag.
The ls command attempts to determine the number of byte positions in the output line. If ls can-
not get this information, it uses a default value of 80. Note that columns may not be smaller than
20 bytes or larger than 400 bytes.
Environment Variables
The following environment variables affect the execution of the ls command:
LC_COLLATE
Determines the collating sequence.
LC_TIME Controls the format of the date and time.
UTILSGE Specifies that HP extensions to the root directory should be omitted when the ini-
tial directory is root and a recursive operation occurs in an OSS shell command.
Application programs that test this variable might also honor its settings.
The UTILSGE value can be any of the following:
NOE Omit the /E directory.
NOG Omit the /G directory.
NOG:NOE Omit both the /G and /E directories.
The effect of assigning a value to the UTILSGE environment variable is the
same as specifying the -W NOG or -W NOE flag in the command.
Modes
The mode displayed with the -l flag is interpreted by the first character, as follows:
b Block special file
c Character special file
d Directory
l Symbolic link
p First-in-first-out (FIFO) special file
s AF_UNIX local socket
- Ordinary file
Permissions
The second through tenth characters in the permissions code are divided into three sets of three
characters each. The first set of three characters shows the owner’s permission. The next set of
three characters shows the permission of the other users in the group. The last set of three char-
acters shows the permission of everyone else. The three characters in each set show read, write
and execute permission of the file. Execute permission of a directory lets you search a directory
for a specified file.
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