Standard C++ Library Reference ISO/IEC (VERSION3)

underscore _
punctuation ! " # % & ' ( ) * + , - . / :
; < = > ? [ \ ] ^ { | } ~
Additional graphic characters in the basic C character set:
Character Meaning
space leave blank space
BEL signal an alert (BELl)
BS go back one position (BackSpace)
FF go to top of page (Form Feed)
NL go to start of next line (NewLine)
CR go to start of this line (Carriage Return)
HT go to next Horizontal Tab stop
VT go to next Vertical Tab stop
The code value zero is reserved for the null character which is always in the target character
set. Code values for the basic C character set are positive when stored in an object of type char.
Code values for the digits are contiguous, with increasing value. For example, '0' + 5 equals
'5'. Code values for any two letters are not necessarily contiguous.
Character Sets and Locales
An implementation can support multiple locales, each with a different character set. A locale
summarizes conventions particular to a given culture, such as how to format dates or how to
sort names. To change locales and, therefore, target character sets while the program is running,
use the function setlocale. The translator encodes character constants and string literals for
the "C" locale, which is the locale in effect at program startup.
Escape Sequences
Within character constants and string literals, you can write a variety of escape sequences.
Each escape sequence determines the code value for a single character. You use escape
sequences to represent character codes:
you cannot otherwise write (such as \n)●
that can be difficult to read properly (such as \t)●
that might change value in different target character sets (such as \a)●
that must not change in value among different target environments (such as \0)●
An escape sequence takes the form shown in the diagram.