TCP/IP Management Programming Manual

Glossary
HP NonStop TCP/IP Management Programming Manual—529636-001
Glossary-9
hop count
datagram reaches a gateway that can deliver it directly. Subnetting introduces
additional levels of hierarchical routing.
hop count. A measure of distance between two points in the Internet. A hop count of n
means that n gateways separate the source destination.
ICMP. See Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP).
IEEE. See Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
IEN. See Internet Engineering Note (IEN).
IGP. See Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP).
Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP). The generic term applied to any protocol used to
propagate network reachability and routing information within an autonomous system.
Although no standard Internet IGP exists, RIP is among the most popular.
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). An international industry group
that develops standards for many areas of electrical engineering and computers.
interactive command. In DSM, a command entered by a human operator rather than by a
program. See also programmatic command.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO). A United Nations organization,
established to promote the development of standards to facilitate the international
exchange of goods and services and to develop mutual cooperation in areas of
intellectual, scientific, technological, and economic activity.
International Telecommunications Union Telecommunications (ITU-T). An international
body of member countries whose task is to define recommendations and standards
relating to the international telecommunications industry. The fundamental standards
for ATM have been defined and published by the ITU-T (previously CCITT).
Internet. Physically, a collection of packet switching networks interconnected by gateways,
along with protocols that allow them to function logically as a single, large, virtual
network. When written in uppercase, INTERNET refers specifically to the DARPA
Internet and the TCP/IP protocols it uses.
Internet address. The 32-bit address assigned to hosts that want to participate in the
Internet using TCP/IP. Internet addresses are the abstraction of physical hardware
addresses, just as the Internet is an abstraction of physical networks. Actually
assigned to the interconnection of a host to a physical network, an Internet address
consists of a network portion and a host portion. The partition makes routing efficient.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP). An integral part of the Internet Protocol (IP)
that handles error and control messages. Specifically, gateways and hosts use ICMP to
send reports of problems about datagrams back to the original source that sent the