Tools and Utilities Library TGAL Manual ™ Abstract Part Number The TGAL Manual describes the operation and use of TGAL, its commands and their functions, and formatting considerations.
Document History Note Edition Part Number First Edition Second Edition Update 1 Third Edition Fourth Edition Fifth Edition 82026 A00 82026 B00 82138 B01 82026 C00 82526 A00 060865 Product Version Operating System Version Date TGAL B00 TGAL B00 GUARDIAN B02 GUARDIAN C02 GUARDIAN D02 GUARDIAN A01/E02 GUARDIAN B00/E08 GUARDIAN B00/E08 May 1977 January 1979 December 1979 October 1981 June 1985 July 1991 The fifth edition of this manual was reformatted in July 1991; no changes were made to the manual’
Contents Preface vii Notation Conventions Section 1 ix Understanding TGAL What Is TGAL? 1-1 How Does TGAL Work? 1-1 What Are the TGAL Defaults? 1-4 How Is TGAL Run? 1-7 How Do You Print a File? 1-7 What Are the TGAL Run Options? 1-8 What Are the TGAL Run Parameters? 1-9 How Do You Stop TGAL? 1-9 How Does TGAL Report Errors? 1-9 What Are the Most Common TGAL Commands Used? Points to Remember Section 2 1-10 1-12 TGAL Commands ALT Command 2-2 ARROW Command 2-5 BLANK Command 2-6 BOTTOMMARGIN
Contents LINENO Command NEED Command 2-37 2-39 NEW Command 2-43 OUT Command 2-45 OUTLEN Command OV Command 2-47 2-49 PAGELEN Command PAUSE Command 2-51 2-53 POFF Command 2-55 SECT Command 2-56 SEQ Command 2-60 SET Command 2-63 SPACE Command 2-64 SUBHEAD Command TAG Command 2-66 2-68 TEXT Command 2-71 TODAY Command 2-73 TOPMARGIN Command 2-75 TRANSPARENT Command Section 3 TRIGGER Command 2-79 UPSHIFT Command 2-81 VERSION Command 2-82 TGAL Examples Title Page 3-2 Tab
Contents Section 4 Tailoring TGAL Creating a New TGAL 4-1 TGAL Procedures 4-2 BANNER Procedure 4-2 BOX^TAG Procedure 4-3 ERROR^MESSAGE Procedure 4-4 RESERVED^WORD Procedure 4-6 TODAY Procedure 4-10 TRIGGER Procedure 4-11 Appendix A Syntax Summary Syntax Summary Appendix B A-1 Command Summary Command Summary Appendix C Error Messages Error Messages Appendix D B-1 C-1 English to TGAL Dictionary English to TGAL Dictionary TGAL Tutorial Index D-1 Separate book Index–1 060865 Tandem Computers
Contents vi 060865 Tandem Computers Incorporated
Preface This manual describes the functions necessary to produce formatted text from a text file on either the Tandem NonStop 1+ system or NonStop systems. This manual is for anyone who wants to produce formatted text and for the system manager who wants to modify the TGAL code. Before using this manual, we recommend you read the following manuals: GUARDIAN Operating System Utilities Reference Manual for the NonStop 1+ system (Part No.
Preface Contents of this Manual Appendix C, Error Messages This section explains all error messages reported by TGAL. Accompanying each error message is a brief discussion about the cause of the error. Appendix D, English to TGAL Dictionary This section contains a dictionary of TGAL commands, each matched with a simple definition. TGAL Tutorial The tutorial explains TGAL, step by step, to the inexperienced user. This is a separate book from the reference portion of the TGAL Manual.
Notation Conventions The following is a summary of the conventions used in the syntax notation in this manual. Notation Meaning UPPERCASE LETTERS Uppercase letters represent keywords and reserved words; you must enter these items exactly as shown. Lowercase italic letters represent variable items that you supply. Brackets enclose optional syntax items. A vertically aligned group of items enclosed in brackets represents a list of selections from which you may choose one or none.
1 Understanding TGAL What is TGAL? TGAL is a simple text formatter. You can print your file without using any TGAL commands, or you can select any of the 40 TGAL commands described in this manual to format your EDIT file. You use TGAL as a tool to tailor your text, designing an individualized and well-formatted document. TGAL is easy to use. As a text formatter, TGAL does not think on its own. You are in command.
Understanding TGAL How Does TGAL Work? With TGAL, you can take a file that looks like this when printed: THE FIELD MOUSE AND THE HOUSE MOUSE Moral: A simple life without worries is better than a rich life full of cares. Once a field mouse invited his friend the house mouse to dine. Not satisfied with the meal of barley and wheat, the house mouse said to the field mouse, "There are so many good things to eat where I live! Come visit me.
Understanding TGAL How Does TGAL Work? To create a printed page that looks like the previous illustration, you use the following TGAL commands. Notice that you can enter commands in uppercase or lowercase letters or a combination of both. Edit Line Numbers 1 2 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10.1 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 30.1 30.2 30.
Understanding TGAL How Does TGAL Work? What Are The TGAL Defaults? rlin EDIT File de EDIT EDIT File File Un x Bo Page Trimming hs ap r s O g n utl ra rgi ine Pa Ma e As you can see from the examples, TGAL lets you custom design your EDIT file according to your specifications. Think of TGAL as a personal tailor for all your documents. TGAL has a standard page length of 66 lines and a standard page width of 85 characters.
Understanding TGAL How Does TGAL Work? When you use the standard page format and don’t add any TOPMARGIN or BOTTOMMARGIN commands to the file, TGAL prints: A heading on line 4 or a blank line if there is no heading (1/2 inch from the top edge of the page) A subheading on line 5 or a blank line if there is no subheading A blank line The first line of text on line 7 (1 inch from the top edge of the page) The last line of text on line 60, the seventh line from the bottom edge of the page (1 inch from the bott
Understanding TGAL How Does TGAL Work? The following example illustrates the TGAL defaults: Column 70 Column 0 Column 85 Line 1....Blank Line 2....Blank Line 3....Blank Line 4....Head Line 5....Subhead 6 Lines (1 Inch) Line 6....Blank Line 7....The First Line of Text 54 Lines (9 Inches) 11 Inches Line 7....The Last Line of Text Line 6....Blank Line 5....Footing Line 4....Page Number Line 3....Blank Line 2....Blank Line 1....
Understanding TGAL How Is TGAL Run? How Is TGAL Run? When you type the TGAL command, the Command Interpreter starts a process that runs the TGAL program. The TGAL program reads your EDIT file and produces formatted output. How Do You Print a File? You can print your files in two ways: By sending the formatted copy directly to the printer By sending the formatted copy to the spooler Usually when you print your document, you direct the formatted copy to a spooler process.
Understanding TGAL How Is TGAL Run? The following example illustrates a TGAL RUN command. Anatomy of a TGAL RUN Command Lists the TGAL run program Marks the beginning of the run option Introduces the text file Lists the text file name Separates the IN portion and the OUT portion of the command line Introduces the printer Lists the spooler name Separates the spooler name and the printer name Lists the printer name Marks the end of the run option TGAL / IN AESOP , OUT $S .
Understanding TGAL How Is TGAL Run? What Are the TGAL Run Parameters? You can enter some TGAL commands when you enter the TGAL RUN command. For example, if you want to print specific pages of your EDIT file, you include the OUT command in the TGAL RUN command. To print only pages 3 through 6 of your file, you enter: TGAL/IN EDITFILE, OUT $S.#PRINTER/OUT 3/6 If you forgot to enter the POFF, OUTLEN, and DBL commands in your EDIT file, you can include these commands in your TGAL RUN command.
Understanding TGAL What Are The Most Common TGAL Commands Used? The following example illustrates an error message: Anatomy of an Error Message Lists the sequence number of the error on the printed page Lists the EDIT line number within the EDIT file Lists the error 01 ( 193. ) : COMMAND ERROR \botomargin 10 What Are The Most To format a document, you need only a few commands. As the specifications for a Common TGAL document become more complex, you can add more commands to your file.
Understanding TGAL What Are The Most Common TGAL Commands Used? Listed below are several more advanced TGAL commands that you might find useful: ALT prints text, headings, and page numbers on alternating sides of the page. You use this command to produce documents for two-sided reproduction. SEQ prints, on the right side of the page, the line numbers of text. LINENO prints the line numbers of the EDIT file and, if you specify, part of the TGAL command lines on the right side of the page.
Understanding TGAL Points To Remember Points To Remember Before you use any TGAL commands, you need to know four important rules: All TGAL commands must begin in the first column of your terminal screen All TGAL commands must be preceded by a trigger character All TGAL commands must be entered on separate lines from your text. You can enter more than one TGAL command on a command line if you separate the commands with a semicolon (;). All TGAL commands must be spelled correctly.
Understanding TGAL Points To Remember 1 You just finished typing your document in the Editor and are ready to print it. THE FIELD MOUSE AND THE HOUSE MOUSE Moral: 2 You want to enter a margin command in your file. THE FIELD MOUSE AND THE A simple life without worries is better than a rich life full of cares. Once a field mouse invited his friend the house mouse to dine.
2 TGAL Commands TGAL commands are listed in this section in alphabetic order. For each TGAL command, the following information is presented. Overview Syntax conventions Usage considerations Examples Many TGAL commands take effect on a page boundary. These commands are, ALT, BOTTOMMARGIN, FOOT, HEAD, LINENO, OUTLEN, PAGELEN, POFF SECT, SEQ, TOPMARGIN, and UPSHIFT. If the command appears before the first line of text on a page, the command takes effect on that page.
TGAL Commands ALT Command ALT Command Use the ALT command to print page headings and page numbers on alternating sides of the page. Using this command right justifies the headings and page numbers for the odd-numbered pages and left justifies for even-numbered pages. Use this command to produce documents for two-sided reproduction. The ALT command also produces an additional left margin for odd-numbered pages only. This feature leaves a larger margin on the bound side of a document than on the free side.
TGAL Commands ALT Command Considerations The ALT command takes effect on every other output page. With the POFF command, you set a left margin for both even-numbered and odd-numbered pages. Using the ALT command, you get additional spaces only for the odd-numbered pages. If you set the page number in the SECT command to 0, it suppresses the pagenumbering process.
TGAL Commands ALT Command TGAL produces: SUBHEAD 11 August 1984 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION This report is designed to explain and to describe the progress achieved in stress guinea pigs. management using This research began HEAD o as the in an attempt to develop a program that can be used on the corporate stress.
TGAL Commands ARROW Command ARROW Command Use the ARROW command to control the printing of the continuation arrow within a box. If you specify ARROW OFF, you suppress the continuation arrow. You still have a blank line for the arrow; thus, you have two blank lines instead of one before the bottom line of the box. The syntax of the ARROW command is: Arrow ON OFF ON turns on the continuation arrow. OFF suppresses the continuation arrow.
TGAL Commands BLANK Command BLANK Command Use the BLANK command to define a character that TGAL accepts as a text character but prints as a blank. This character prevents unwanted spaces between words or within equations when TGAL justifies a line and unwanted line breaks when TGAL joins a line. The BLANK command with no argument specified clears this command. All characters now print, including the character specified in any previous BLANK command.
TGAL Commands BLANK Command 2. You can use the blank character to create a blank for a special character to be drawn later. \BLANK "#";TEXT ON Wilhemstra#e used to be the home of the German foreign office and now has come to indicate any The blank character leaves the space for the “ß” character.
TGAL Commands BOTTOMMARGIN Command BOTTOMMARGIN Use the BOTTOMMARGIN command to define the size of the bottom margin on a Command page. The BOTTOMMARGIN command does not alter the placement of the lines on which the FOOT command and SECT command print in relation to the last line of text. The lines on which the FOOT command and SECT command print remain on the second and third lines from the last text line respectively.
TGAL Commands BOX Command BOX Command Use the BOX command to create a box to enclose text. You indicate the end of the text to be boxed with another BOX command. Between these two commands, you can have zero or more text lines and TGAL commands. The BOX command prints the left side of the box in column 1, as specified by the POFF command, and the right side of the box in the last column, as specified with the OUTLEN command.
TGAL Commands BOX Command You can use the ARROW OFF command to turn off the continuation arrow if the box exceeds one page. You cannot create a box within a box. Example The following example shows using a dollar sign ($) as well as the BOX command default character (|) to create the sides of a box. To product the upper box, you enter: \BOX "$","$" ...text... \BOX To produce the lower box, you enter: \BOX ...text...
TGAL Commands BREAK Command BREAK Command Use the BREAK command to cause a break in the joining of lines and to suppress justification of the preceding line. The next line of text begins a new line. If you do not use the JOIN ON, JUSTIFY ON, or TEXT ON commands, the BREAK command has no effect. The syntax of the BREAK command is: BREAK Considerations The trigger character alone can also cause a break. The double dollar sign ($$, the equivalent of \NEED 5) does not cause a break (see the NEED command).
TGAL Commands CENTER Command CENTER Command Use the CENTER command to enter lines of text. This command centers the text within the line length, according to the value specified in the OUTLEN command. The command alone indicates that only one line is to be centered. The syntax of the CENTER command is: ONOFF number CENTER Btrigger ON specifies that all lines between this command and the next CENTER OFF command are to be centered. OFF specifies that lines are no longer to be centered.
TGAL Commands CENTER Command Examples These examples show several ways to indicate the lines to be centered. 1. This example shows using the CENTER command to center a specified number of lines: \CENTER 4 PROGRESS REPORT \OV 2 The development of Product Nine Nine Nine The CENTER command above includes the two lines needed for overprinting and produces: PROGRESS REPORT The Development of Product Nine 2.
TGAL Commands CENTER Command The formatted copy is: The address is: Monday Blues, Inc. Suite 957 72900 Spreckles Way Chocolatetown, State 94949 Send for your free brochure today. 4. You can also center a block of text by turning the CENTER command on and off. You can then insert TGAL commands and blank lines without using another CENTER command.
TGAL Commands CHANGES Command CHANGES Command Use the CHANGES command to tell TGAL to print only those pages which have a footing. The footing can be produced with the FOOT command or with the TAG and VERSION commands. The syntax of the CHANGES command is: CHANGES Considerations You usually use this command when you run TGAL rather than putting this command into your EDIT file.
TGAL Commands COMMENT Command COMMENT Command Use the COMMENT command to include comments within a file. TGAL does not process anything on a line that follows the COMMENT command. Put your comments alone on a line or last on a command line. This command is useful for explaining the techniques used to produce a document or to label a file with certain information such as the date or the author.
TGAL Commands DBL Command DBL Command Use the DBL command to control double spacing. When you sue DBL ON, all of the text that follows is double spaced until the DBL OFF command. The DBL command affects lines of text. This command puts one blank line after each line of text, including the last line in a paragraph. It also affects blank lines. Thus, TGAL prints a blank line, then leaves a blank line for the double space.
TGAL Commands DBL Command TGAL produces: FINAL REPORT ON STRESS MANAGEMENT IN MICE The research that produced this report was funded in part by the Florence Development Center under Contract Number F458-76-0-SH-2493.
TGAL Commands ERRORS Command ERRORS Command Use the ERRORS command to control the display of error messages. With the ERRORS OFF command, you can suppress the printing of all error messages. The syntax of the ERRORS command is: ON OFF ERRORS ON prints error messages on a separate page. OFF suppresses the printing of all error messages. Considerations TGAL prints error messages on the page following the one that has the error. This error page is not counted or numbered.
TGAL Commands EXIT Command EXIT Command Use the EXIT command to terminate an interactive session with TGAL. You can also terminate an interactive sessions using a CTRL-Y (while holding down the CTRL key, press Y). TGAL automatically terminates when it reaches the end of an EDIT file. The syntax of the EXIT command is: EXIT Considerations You can include the EXIT command anywhere in an EDIT file.
TGAL Commands EXIT Command Example This example shows you how to run TGAL interactively: :TGAL / OUT $LP / TGAL - T9607D01 - (01DEC81) .\POFF 8;SECT "" 0 .\SPACE 15;BOX;SPACE 10 .\CENTER ON TUESDAY LECTURE SERIES . . ."Feast of Chocolate" . .Anne Whitman . .History of chocolate and tasty recipes .for chocolate mousse, chocolate fondue, .chocolate souffle, and many more. . .October 20, 1981 Noon . . .Bring your own coffee and a fork. . .Next Week: Stomach Stapling .
TGAL Commands FOOT Command FOOT Command Use the FOOT command to print the text you specify at the bottom of each page. The text appears centered, on the second line following the last line designated for printing text. You must give the FOOT command before the first line of text on the page where you want the footing to first appear. To stop printing a foot, use the FOOT command with a null string, i.e., \FOOT “ ”.
TGAL Commands FOOT Command TGAL produces: Beginner's Practice File Aesop's Fable THE FIELD MOUSE AND THE HOUSE MOUSE Moral: A simple life without worries is better than a rich life full of cares. Once a field mouse invited his friend the house mouse to dine. Not satisfied with the meal of barley and wheat, the house mouse said to the field mouse, "There are so many good things to eat where I live! Come visit me.
TGAL Commands HEAD Command HEAD Command Use the HEAD command to put the specified head at the top of each page until the next HEAD command. You must put this command before the first line of text on the page where the head first appears. To stop printing a head, use the HEAD command with a null string, i.e., HEAD “ ”. The syntax of the HEAD command is: HEAD "heading" [ [ trigger ] TODAY ] heading is the text to be printed at the top of each page. Quotation marks are required.
TGAL Commands HEAD Command TGAL produces: HEAD Beginner's Practice File Aesop's Fable THE FIELD MOUSE AND THE HOUSE MOUSE Moral: A simple life without worries is better than a rich life full of cares. Once a field mouse invited his friend the house mouse to dine. Not satisfied with the meal of barley and wheat, the house mouse said to the field mouse, "There are so many good things to eat where I live! Come visit me.
TGAL Commands IF Command IF Command Use the IF command to enable conditional printing of text. With this command, you define the condition that must be met before TGAL can print parts of the text. Use the SET command to control these conditions. If the SET command corresponding to the IF command is not present, TGAL ignores all text and commands that follow until the next IF command. The condition is met or set with a toggle, which can only be ON or OFF.
TGAL Commands IF Command Examples This example uses two toggle numbers. You can use any numbers between 1 and 10. The three paragraphs that follow show the formatted copy with both toggle numbers off, with toggle number 5 on, and with toggle number 6 on. If both toggle numbers are on (two SET commands), then all the text prints.
TGAL Commands IF Command If you use toggle number 5 and enter: TGAL/IN EDITFILE, OUT $S.#PRINTER/SET 5 ON TGAL produces: RESEARCH REPORT The research that produced this report was funded in part by the Florence Development Center under Contract Number F458-76-0-SH2493. SCOPE AND PURPOSE This report attempts to define and to describe the work already performed towards the development of Product 9. The period that this report covers is the month of August of this year.
TGAL Commands IN Command IN Command Use the IN command to merge files. When TGAL sees an IN command, it processes the contents of the specified file before continuing with the current EDIT file. The file specified with an IN command can also contain text or TGAL commands. You can nest—that is, the file specified by the IN command can also contain an IN command— eight levels of IN commands.
TGAL Commands IN Command 2. The IN command is useful when several persons edit sections of a document or when a section appears in several documents. You can also give TGAL an EDIT file that contains only commands. 1 2 3 4 \IN \IN \IN \IN toc;COMMENT table of contents sect1;COMMENT introduction sect2;COMMENT detailed description app;COMMENT appendix with examples When TGAL processes this file, it processes TOC, SECT1, SECT2, and APP in the specified order.
TGAL Commands JOIN Command JOIN Command Use the JOIN command to join together lines of text so that lines are the length specified in the OUTLEN command. TGAL fills lines by taking successive words from your text and placing the words on the same line until it reaches as close as possible to the right margin or exceeds the right margin if it takes another word. If the line already exceeds the right margin, TGAL breaks the line at blanks and at hyphens.
TGAL Commands JOIN Command Examples These examples show using TGAL to join lines with punctuation and with an overprinted line. 1. When you use the JOIN command, TGAL puts two spaces after final punctuation and one space after a comma.
TGAL Commands JOIN Command 3.
TGAL Commands JUSTIFY Command JUSTIFY Command Use the JUSTIFY ON command to space words to meet the right margin exactly. Anything that causes a break in the text indicates the end of a paragraph. A break can be caused by a blank line or any TGAL command. The last line of the paragraph is not justified. A text line immediately preceding a JUSTIFY OFF command is never justified.
TGAL Commands JUSTIFY Command TGAL only justifies the first three lines because a blank line indicates the end of a paragraph. TGAL produces: The positive, integer-valued parameters r (Eq. 12) and s (Eq. 13) are the base and the number of significant digits. Replacing these parameters with the values from Eq. 8 yields the following: 2. This example shows the effect of the CENTER and BOX commands on justification. \JUSTIFY ON; OUTLEN 66 The following table shows the price of mice used in this project.
TGAL Commands JUSTIFY Command 3. This example shows using the OV command to suppress justification: \JUSTIFY ON;OUTLEN 68;OV Description: This product produces a reaction that can be ____________ described as explosive. The result is immediate and obvious; We recommend caution. Only the second line is justified. The OV command suppresses justification of the first line, and the blank line caused a break for the last line. Description: This product produces a reaction that can be described as explosive.
TGAL Commands LINENO Command LINENO Command Use the LINENO command to print line numbers corresponding to the line number in your EDIT file. These numbers are displayed to the right of the text, eight spaces (or the ninth column) beyond the line length specified by the OUTLEN command. The LINENO command prints up to 15 characters for each command line. This command is useful while developing a document. With it, you can find any errors in your EDIT file quickly.
TGAL Commands LINENO Command TGAL produces: \topmargin 10;b \space 10;cente SECTION 1 25. INTRODUCTION 26. \space 3;head " This report is designed to explain and to achieved in stress This research began management using in be used on the corporate stress. describe the 30. 31. teach the guinea 29. \subhead "" tod an attempt to develop a program that can to as progress pigs. level mice employees to manage The questions the research team set out to answer were: 31. 32. 34.
TGAL Commands NEED Command NEED Command Use the NEED command to keep a specified number of lines on the same page. This command tells TGAL to check the number of lines available on the current page. If TGAL counts fewer lines remaining on the page than the specified number, it skips to a new page before printing the text. You can use the NEED command alone without specifying an argument.
TGAL Commands NEED Command Considerations You can use two dollar signs ($$) to keep five lines together. TGAL sees these dollar signs as a special symbol equivalent to a NEED 5 command. TGAL does not print these dollar signs. You must put this symbol as the first two positions on a line. You can put these dollar signs before a paragraph heading to keep the heading with the first few lines of the next paragraph.
TGAL Commands NEED Command Examples These examples show using the NEED command and the two dollar signs. 1. This example shows the advantages of the NEED command. The first illustration shows a possible result without the NEED command; the second illustration shows the result with the NEED command placed before the paragraph. Notice in the example below that the third bulleted paragraph carries over onto a new page. The NEED command was not used. varying number of rooms.
TGAL Commands NEED Command Notice in the example below the NEED command forces the text to stay together. As you can see in the example, the text specified by the NEED command moves to a new page. This is because there is not enough room to print this block of text on the first page. Several mice houses were built of varying number of rooms. o Does music still have charms? Music was piped into the mice houses. The range of music included J.#S.#Bach, Devo, and Benny Goodman.
TGAL Commands NEW Command NEW Command Use the NEW command to start a new page. If you use this command alone, TGAL skips to the next page before printing more text. If you specify ODD, TGAL starts printing on the next odd-numbered page. If TGAL is on an even-numbered page when it encounters the NEW ODD command, it prints any heads and the page number of the even page. Then, it starts printing text on the odd page. If you specify EVEN, TGAL starts putting text on the next even-numbered page.
TGAL Commands NEW Command TGAL produces: INTRODUCTION 11 August 1984 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION This report is designed to explain and to describe the progress achieved in stress guinea pigs. This research began management using as the in an attempt to develop a program that can be used on the corporate stress.
TGAL Commands OUT Command OUT Command Use the OUT command to select the pages of a document to print. This command lets you specify the pages in two ways. Either specify the physical page numbers you want printed, or specify the section name and page numbers. The syntax of the OUT command is: number1 [ \ number2 ] "name1" number1 [ \ "name2" number2 ] OUT name1 is a name defined in a SECT command. Quotation marks are required. number1 is the page number where printing starts.
TGAL Commands OUT Command Examples These examples show the two ways in which you can use the OUT command. 1. You can use just page numbers with the OUT command. When using only numbers, you really are specifying an ordinal number (first, second, third). \OUT 3/17 prints the third page through the seventeenth page \OUT 3 prints the third page through the last page \OUT 6/6 prints the sixth page only 2. You can also give the section name that you defined with the SECT command and the page number.
TGAL Commands OUTLEN Command OUTLEN Command Use the OUTLEN command to control length of the output line, thus the right margin. The OUTLEN command determines the line length for an entire page. If you do not use this command, TGAL assumes that 70 is the width of your text. TGAL only prints the number of characters specified in the OUTLEN command on each EDIT line; the rest are ignored. Any line longer than the number or characters specified generates an error message.
TGAL Commands OUTLEN Command TGAL produces: be used on the corporate stress. o level to teach employees to manage The questions the research team set out to answer were: When does a crowd become unbearable? Tests were designed to determine the maximum density of mice possible before the mice started behaving strangely. o How much private space is necessary? Several mice houses were built of varying sizes and with varying number of rooms.
TGAL Commands OV Command OV Command Use the OV command to overprint a line a specified number of times. With this command, you can underline, create boldface, or create composite symbols. The syntax of the OV command is: OV number number is the number of lines to overprint. If this number is not specified, OV overprints one line.
TGAL Commands OV Command 3. To create boldface, simply type the line a few times. In the following example, OV is specified to overprint twice. When counting lines of text to be overprinted, begin on the line following the first line of text. The first text line is the printed line; the lines following are the overstriking lines.
TGAL Commands PAGELEN Command PAGELEN Command Use the PAGELEN command to define the number of lines on each page. You can specify any number between 13 and 90. The minimum number of lines on each page changes depending on the settings of the TOPMARGIN and BOTTOMMARGIN commands. There must be space to accommodate at least one line of text. A PAGELEN of 13 allows for the minimum of six lines necessary for the top margin and the six lines necessary for the bottom margin plus one line of text.
TGAL Commands PAGELEN Command TGAL produces: SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION This report is designed to explain and to describe the progress achieved in stress management using mice as the guinea pigs. This research began in an attempt to develop a program that can be used on the corporate level to teach employees to manage stress.
TGAL Commands PAUSE Command PAUSE Command Use the PAUSE command to display one page of a document at a time. TGAL pauses at the top of each page. It continues printing when you press the RETURN key. This command is useful if you do not have continuous form paper; it gives you time to insert another sheet of paper. You can also use PAUSE to view a document on a display terminal before printing. The syntax of the PAUSE command is: PAUSE ON OFF ON stops printing after each page.
TGAL Commands PAUSE Command Example This example shows using the PAUSE command to display one page of a document at a time before each page prints. After you read each page, you send it on to be printed by pressing the RETURN key. The following example shows a document page as it appears on a terminal screen. If you enter: TGAL/IN EDITFILE, OUT $S.
TGAL Commands POFF Command POFF Command Use the POFF command to establish the print offset (the left margin). With this command, you specify the number of spaces to be used for the left margin. TGAL assumes that the first print position is the leftmost position. The POFF command determines the margin for an entire page. The syntax of the POFF command is: POFF number number is the number of spaces for the left margin. This can be any number between 0 and 65.
TGAL Commands SECT Command SECT Command Use the SECT command to control page numbers and define section titles. With this command, you can change the sequence of page numbers, stop the printing of page numbers, and add a section title to a page number. The SECT command prints on the third line below the last EDIT line designated for text. The syntax of the SECT command is: SECT "title " number [ CENTER ][ "right-string" ]] title is the text to be printed before the page number.
TGAL Commands SECT Command Examples These examples show five uses of the SECT command. 1. You can use this command to reset the page numbers after your prefatory material or to begin a new section. \SECT " " 2 2. To add a title to a page number, you specify a title and a number. This command changes the sequence of page numbers and prefaces each number with “Sarah’s File-” as the section title. The hyphen separates the title from the page number.
TGAL Commands SECT Command TGAL produces: THE FIELD MOUSE AND THE HOUSE MOUSE Moral: A simple life without worries is better than a rich life full of cares. Once a field mouse invited his friend the house mouse to dine. Not satisfied with the meal of barley and wheat, the house mouse said to the field mouse, "There are so many good things to eat where I live! Come visit me." So the two of them went to the house mouse's house, where they found vegetables, fruits, dates, honey and cheese.
TGAL Commands SECT Command 4. You can use the SECT command to center the page number and title. To do this, add the CENTER command option to the SECT command. \SECT "iii-" 1 CENTER 5. You can use the SECT command to add another title to follow the page number. If you enter: \SECT "iii-" CENTER "-Sarah's Practice File" TGAL produces: eat where I live! Come visit me." So the two of them went to the house mouse's house, where they found vegetables, fruits, dates, honey and cheese.
TGAL Commands SEQ Command SEQ Command Use the SEQ command to number the lines of text on a page. It numbers one page at a time. The numbers appear on the right side of the page, four spaces beyond the line length specified with the OUTLEN command. This command only numbers the text lines, not the headings or footings. Thus, if the page length is 66, the SEQ command numbers the text lines from 1 through 54.
TGAL Commands SEQ Command Example This example shows part of a program. On the first “page” of the example, the SEQ command numbers all the lines in the program. The next “page” of the example annotates the program by referring to these line numbers. The illustration that follows shows the formatted copy. \NEW;SEQ ON PROCEDURE DIVISION. A-MAIN. . . . TURN TEMP ATTENTION IN ERROR-MSG OF EXAMPLE SCREEN.
TGAL Commands SEQ Command TGAL produces: Pathway Application Example Line 3 This line displays the screen and the initial values, FILL characters, and default values. Line 5 The value of DEPT-HEADER is moved to the screen at line 3, column 14. Line 6 When the F1 key is pressed, the field is tested for validity. Data may be keyed into any other field on the screen; only the PASSWORD field is used.
TGAL Commands SET Command SET Command Use the SET command to control a toggle number (a number from 1 to 10) that can either be ON or OFF. This command sets the condition for a toggle number that a later IF command tests. These numbers have no special significance. You can choose any of these numbers to be a toggle number. The syntax of the SET command is SET toggle number ON OFF toggle number is a number between 1 and 10. ON turns the toggle number on. OFF turns the toggle number off.
TGAL Commands SPACE Command SPACE Command Use the SPACE command to leave the specified number of lines blank. This command is useful when you need space to paste in a picture or graph. The syntax of the SPACE command is: SPACE number number is the number of lines to be left blank. If you omit this option, TGAL leaves one blank line. Considerations If you want a blank page, specify a number greater than the page size, usually 54. TGAL does not carry blank lines across page boundaries.
TGAL Commands SPACE Command TGAL produces: To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether ‘tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles 060865 Tandem Computers Incorporated 2–65
TGAL Commands SUBHEAD Command SUBHEAD Command Use the SUBHEAD command to put the specified subheading directly below the heading specified with the HEAD command, two lines above the first line of text. You can use the SUBHEAD command without using the HEAD command. To stop printing the subheading, specify SUBHEAD “ ”. The syntax of the SUBHEAD command is: SUBHEAD "subheading" [ [ trigger ] TODAY ] subheading is the text to be printed at the top of each page, two lines before the first line of text.
TGAL Commands SUBHEAD Command Example This example shows using the SUBHEAD command to print a subhead at the top of every page. If you enter: \SUBHEAD "Aesop's Fable" TGAL produces: Beginner's Practice File Aesop's Fable THE FIELD MOUSE AND THE HOUSE MOUSE SUBHEAD Moral: A simple life without worries is better than a rich life full of cares. Once a field mouse invited his friend the house mouse to dine.
TGAL Commands TAG Command TAG Command Use the TAG command to define the revision level of a set of lines. This command only operates in conjunction with the VERSION command. When the “version” in the VERSION command and the “footing” in the TAG command match exactly, TGAL puts a vertical bar next to the lines defined with the TAG command. Vertical bars appear in the margin on the same side of the page as the page number. TGAL also prints the footing specified in the TAG command at the bottom of the page.
TGAL Commands TAG Command Considerations The version from the VERSION command must match the footing from the TAG command before TGAL prints the vertical bar in the margin. It is possible to change the default characters used by TGAL for tagging using the CHANGES command with the new character. When the argument to the TAG command is ON, B, or trigger, TGAL counts input lines until it sees the corresponding OFF command, blank line, or command line.
TGAL Commands TAG Command TGAL searches for the text marked “A2”, which is specified in the VERSION command. Notice the tagged portions of the document. TGAL produces: This research began in an attempt to develop a program that can be used on the corporate stress.
TGAL Commands TEXT Command TEXT Command Use the TEXT command to join and right justify lines. This command is the same as setting both the JOIN and the JUSTIFY commands. The syntax of the TEXT command is: TEXT ON OFF ON indicates the lines between this command and the next TEXT OFF command are to be joined and justified. OFF indicates the end of the lines that are to be joined and justified. Considerations The BOX and CENTER commands suppress the joining and justifying of lines.
TGAL Commands TEXT Command 2. This example shows the interaction between overprinting a line and justifying a line. It also shows the way to avoid the problem in example 1. \TEXT ON;OV ___________ Description: This product produces a reaction that can be described as.... The line containing “Description:” is still the longest overprinted line.
TGAL Commands TODAY Command TODAY Command Use the TODAY command to establish the format in which the current date prints when you specify the TODAY option in a HEAD, SUBHEAD, or FOOT command. In these commands you should include at least one space between the end of the text and the closing string separator (“), before the TODAY command, because the date is printed immediately to the right of the specified text.
TGAL Commands TODAY Command Considerations The TODAY command does not print the date but describes the format for the date to be used when you supply the TODAY option in the HEAD, SUBHEAD, and FOOT commands. If you supply the names of the months in the TODAY command, do not press RETURN until you have typed all the names. TGAL accepts command lines that are 132 characters long. If you do not use this command, TGAL assumes: TODAY SHORT USA "January, February,...
TGAL Commands TOPMARGIN Command TOPMARGIN Use the TOPMARGIN command to determine the size of the top margin. TGAL Command spaces down the specified number of lines before printing any text. The number you specify in the TOPMARGIN command includes the lines designated for the heading, subheading, and blank line that precede the first text line. The TOPMARGIN command does not alter the placement of the lines on which the HEAD command and SUBHEAD command print in relation to the first line of text.
TGAL Commands TOPMARGIN Command TGAL produces: TOPMARGIN INTRODUCTION 11 August 1984 SECTION 1 This report is designed to explain and to describe the progress achieved in stress management using mice as the guinea pigs. This research began in an attempt to develop a program that can be used on the corporate level to teach employees to manage stress.
TGAL Commands TRANSPARENT Command TRANSPARENT Use the TRANSPARENT command to print TGAL command lines as text. TGAL Command considers all lines between TRANSPARENT commands as text, including those lines which start with a trigger character. The syntax of the TRANSPARENT command is: TRANSPARENT ... text ... TRANSPARENT Considerations If you put a TRANSPARENT command alone on a line, then TGAL ignores all commands following a TRANSPARENT command and treats all commands as text.
TGAL Commands TRANSPARENT Command Both BOX commands are treated as text. TGAL produces: \BOX You can make a box like this but remember to leave room for the sides of the box. \BOX 3. This example shows the character used in the BLANK command being treated as text. \BLANK "# " \TRANSPARENT Their office is in Suite #213. \TRANSPARENT Their first client--not counting their mother--arrived Tuesday.
TGAL Commands TRIGGER Command TRIGGER Command Use the TRIGGER command to change the character that identifies the TGAL commands from a backslash (\) to another character. The syntax of the TRIGGER command is: TRIGGER "c" "c" specifies the new trigger character. Quotation marks are required. The new trigger character cannot be a blank or a quotation mark. Considerations The CENTER, NEED, and TAG commands can use a trigger character to indicate where the command stops.
TGAL Commands TRIGGER Command 2. This example shows that after you change the trigger character, all commands preceded by a backslash (\) are treated as text. \TRIGGER "." .CENTER ON .DBL ON \BOX Jack be nimble Jack be quick Jack jump over the candlestick \BOX When the text prints, the BOX commands appear as text.
TGAL Commands UPSHIFT Command UPSHIFT Command Use the UPSHIFT command to convert lowercase alphabetic characters to uppercase characters. The syntax of the UPSHIFT command is: UPSHIFT ON OFF ON converts all characters to uppercase. OFF stops converting characters to uppercase Considerations The last UPSHIFT command on a page determines the action for that page and the following pages.
TGAL Commands VERSION Command VERSION Command Use the VERSION command to define the version of a document. If you use this command, TGAL prints only the footing you define with the TAG and FOOT commands, which must match exactly with the defined version. The syntax of the VERSION command is: VERSION "version" version is the current version of the document. Quotation marks are required.
3 TGAL Examples This section contains examples that were created using TGAL.
TGAL Examples Title Page Title Page This example shows spacing and formatting text for a title page. The following TGAL commands are used: SPACE spaces 10 blank lines before the first text lines. DBL double spaces text until reaching DBL OFF command. CENTER centers text. TODAY LONG WORLD specifies the format for the date. To print today’s date in the long, world format, you must first specify this format with the TODAY command before attaching the TODAY option with the FOOT, SUBHEAD, or HEAD command.
TGAL Examples Title Page This example illustrates the command file that produces a title page: \POFF 10;OUTLEN 65;TEXT ON \SECT "" 0 \TODAY LONG WORLD \FOOT "CONFIDENTIAL " TODAY \SPACE 10 \CENTER ON;DBL ON FINAL REPORT ON STRESS MANAGEMENT IN MICE \SPACE 5 A Technical Memorandum Report 115-M-03-82-F \SPACE 10;DBL OFF Cairall mac Morna Morna Research Associates 812 Medicot Way Solarno, California 95437 \SPACE 5;CENTER OFF The research that produced this report was funded in part by the Florence Developmen
TGAL Examples Title Page This example illustrates how TGAL commands affect a printed title page: SPACE 10 Command FINAL REPORT ON STRESS MANAGEMENT IN MICE DBL ON Command SPACE 5 Command A Technical Memorandum Report 115-M-03-82-F CENTER ON Command Cairall mac Morna Morna Research Associates 812 Medicot Way Solarno, California 94537 POFF 10 Command OUTLEN 65 Command The research that produced this report was funded in part by the Florence Development Center under Contract Number F306-23-8-MR0308.
TGAL Examples Title Page This example illustrates the printed title page: FINAL REPORT ON STRESS MANAGEMENT IN MICE A Technical Memorandum Report 115-M-03-82-F Cairall mac Morna Morna Research Associates 812 Medicot Way Solarno, California 94537 The research that produced this report was funded in part by the Florence Development Center under Contract Number F306-23-8-MR0308.
TGAL Examples Table of Contents Table of Contents This example shows spacing and formatting for a table of contents. The following TGAL commands are used: TODAY LONG WORLD specifies the format for the date. To print today’s date in the long, world format, you must first specify this format with the TODAY command before attaching the TODAY option with the FOOT, SUBHEAD, or HEAD command. 3–6 FOOT adds a footing to the page.
TGAL Examples Table of Contents This example illustrates a command file that produces a table of contents: \FOOT " " TODAY LONG WORLD \BLANK "#"\POFF 10 \SECT "iii" 0 \JUSTIFY ON ALWAYS;OUTLEN 50 \SPACE 10;CENTER CONTENTS Introduction 1-1 Purpose 1-2 Equipment 1-2 The#Tests 2-1 Crowds 2-2 Privacy 2-4 Music 2-5 Health 2-10 The#Conclusions 3-1 ### \COMMENT The blank characters force TGAL to justify \COMMENT the last line of the Contents.
TGAL Examples Table of Contents This example illustrates how TGAL commands affect a printed table of contents: SPACE 10 Command POFF 10 Command CONTENTS Introduction Purpose Equipment The Tests Crowds Privacy Music Health The Conclusions OUTLEN 50 Command CENTER Command BLANK Command 1-1 1-2 1-2 2-1 2-2 2-4 2-5 2-10 3-1 JUSTIFY ON ALWAYS Command TODAY LONG WORLD Command FOOT Command 9 February 1985 iii 3–8 060865 Tandem Computers Incorporated SECT Command
TGAL Examples Table of Contents This example illustrates a printed table of contents: CONTENTS Introduction Purpose Equipment The Tests Crowds Privacy Music Health The Conclusions 1-1 1-2 1-2 2-1 2-2 2-4 2-5 2-10 3-1 9 February 1985 iii 060865 Tandem Computers Incorporated 3–9
TGAL Examples Report Report This example shows spacing and formatting for an introduction to a formal report. The following TGAL commands are used: NEW ODD begins text on a new, odd-numbered page. TEXT joins and justifies the text. OUTLEN 65 sets the line length to 65 characters. This command indirectly controls the right margin. TOPMARGIN sets the top margin to 10. BOTTOMMARGIN sets the bottom margin to 10. 3–10 SECT controls the page numbering.
TGAL Examples Report This example illustrates a command file that produces a report: \NEW ODD;TEXT ON;OUTLEN 65 \TOPMARGIN 10;BOTTOMMARGIN 10 \SECT "1-" 1 \POFF 5;ALT ON 5 \DBL ON \SPACE 10;CENTER 2 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION \SPACE 3;HEAD "INTRODUCTION" \SUBHEAD "" TODAY This report is designed to explain and to describe the progress achieved in stress management using mice as the guinea pigs.
TGAL Examples Report This example illustrates how TGAL commands affect a printed report: SECTION 1 CENTER Command INTRODUCTION POFF 10 OUTLEN 65 This report is designed to explain and to describe the progress achieved in stress management using mice as the guinea pigs. This research began in an attempt to develop a program that can be used on the corporate level to teach employees to manage stress.
TGAL Examples Report TOPMARGIN 10 ALT Command INTRODUCTION 11 August 1984 o HEAD Command SUBHEAD TODAY Does music still have charms? Music was piped into the mice houses. The range of music some were included J. S. Bach, Devo, and Benny Goodman. o Do unhealthy mice have a lower tolerance to stress? Some mice were enrolled in confined to their an rooms, and exercise program, some were given oxygen during stressful situations.
TGAL Examples Report This example illustrates a printed report: SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION This report is designed to explain and to describe the progress achieved in stress guinea pigs. This research began management using o as the in an attempt to develop a program that can be used on the corporate stress.
TGAL Examples Report INTRODUCTION 11 August 1984 o Does music still have charms? Music was piped into the mice houses. The range of music some were included J. S. Bach, Devo, and Benny Goodman. o Do unhealthy mice have a lower tolerance to stress? Some mice were enrolled in confined to their an rooms, and exercise program, some were given oxygen during stressful situations. Purpose This research is to serve as the foundation of a total concept in stress management.
TGAL Examples Table of Statistics Table of Statistics This example shows spacing and formatting for a table of statistics used in a report. The following TGAL commands are used: POFF sets the left margin to indent 10 character spaces. OUTLEN controls the line length, thus controlling the right margin to stop at the sixty-fifth character space. SECT controls page numbering. In this example, the page numbering is turned off. CENTER centers the next two lines of text.
TGAL Examples Table of Statistics This example illustrates how TGAL commands affect a printed table of statistics: TABLE I AVERAGE PRICE OF MICE PER MATED PAIR NEED ON Command CENTER 2 Command -----------------------------------------------------| | | | | Kind Price | | | | Normal $ 2.00/pair | | | | Deficient in: | | Vestibular sense $ 3.50/pair | | Growth hormone $ 6.80/pair | | Bone resorption $11.00/pair | | Glucuronidase activity $15.
TGAL Examples Table of Statistics This example illustrates a printed table of statistics: TABLE I AVERAGE PRICE OF MICE PER MATED PAIR |--------------------------------------------------------| | | | Kind Price | | | | Normal $ 2.00/pair | | | | Deficient in: | | Vestibular sense $ 3.50/pair | | Growth hormone $ 6.80/pair | | Bone resorption $11.00/pair | | Glucuronidase activity $15.
TGAL Examples Business Letter Business Letter This example shows the spacing and formatting for a business letter. The following TGAL commands are used: PAGELEN defines the number of lines on each page to be set at 70. OUTLEN sets the line length to 62 characters. This command indirectly controls the right margin. COMMENT allows you to write comments with your commands. These commands do not print as text. POFF sets the left margin to indent 10 character spaces.
TGAL Examples Business Letter This example illustrates a command file that produces a business letter: \PAGELEN 70 ;COMMENT \COMMENT \COMMENT \COMMENT \OUTLEN 62 ;COMMENT \COMMENT \COMMENT \COMMENT \POFF 10 ;COMMENT \TOPMARGIN 15 ;COMMENT \SECT "" 0 ;COMMENT \HEAD "" TODAY ;COMMENT \SPACE 3 Paul Larriat Holmes Industries Inc. 1230 N.W. 69th Street Watson, CA 94948 This length is about 11.
TGAL Examples Business Letter This example illustrates how TGAL commands affect a printed business letter: Morna Research Associates 812 Medicot Way Solarno, California 95437 TOPMARGIN 15 PAGELEN 70 11 August 1984 POFF 10 SPACE 3 Paul Larriat Holmes Industries Inc. 1230 N.W. 69th Street Watson, CA 94948 OUTLEN 62 Dear Mr. Larriat: I have installed the new card in my Diplomat II telephone answering machine. I have recorded a new message, as you suggested.
TGAL Examples Business Letter This example illustrates a printed business letter: Morna Research Associates 812 Medicot Way Solarno, California 95437 11 August 1984 Paul Larriat Holmes Industries Inc. 1230 N.W. 69th Street Watson, CA 94948 Dear Mr. Larriat: I have installed the new card in my Diplomat II telephone answering machine. I have recorded a new message, as you suggested. I then tried to call myself and leave a message.
4 Tailoring TGAL You can modify several procedures in the TGAL code to suit your needs. The procedures are: BANNER BOX^TAG ERROR^MESSAGE RESERVED^WORDS TODAY TRIGGER Creating a New TGAL All of these procedures reside in an EDIT file called TGALUPS on the TGAL subvolume of the release tape. If you recompile TGALUPS to customize TGAL, you must use BINDER to strip the tailored TGALUPS object file. To alter your version of TGAL, you edit TGALUPS, compile TGALUPS, then build your own TGAL files using UPDATE.
Tailoring TGAL TGAL Procedures TGAL Procedures BANNER Procedure You can use the following procedures to modify TGAL code according to your individualized needs. The procedures are presented in alphabetic order; each is preceded by a brief explanation. The BANNER procedure prints the banner string when TGAL runs interactively. The banner can be up to 40 characters long. You should change this procedure whenever you change any other procedure to help identify the version of TGAL you are running.
Tailoring TGAL TGAL Procedures BOX^TAG Procedure The BOX^TAG procedure changes the default characters used by TGAL to create the sides, top, and bottom of a box, as specified by the BOX command, and changes the default character used by TGAL to tag text, as specified by the TAG command. This procedure is useful on a system where the code used for the ASCII character “|” represents some other graphic, for example, one of the European national characters.
Tailoring TGAL TGAL Procedures ERROR^MESSAGE Procedure The ERROR^MESSAGE procedure provides the text for error messages. You can change the standard error message text to print your own error message. The error messages cannot exceed 60 characters. In the TGALUPS file, the ERROR^MESSAGE procedure is: PROC error^message(msgnum, buf, messlen);! INT msgnum; ! the error number ! STRING .buf; ! place message here ! INT .messlen; ! return message length, max 60! BEGIN ! ! STRING ! ! .
Tailoring TGAL TGAL Procedures The exclamation points mark off the comments in the program. You change only the lines marked with an arrow. The procedure determines the length of the error messages; you need not supply any other information; for example: PROC error^message(msgnum, buf, messlen);! INT msgnum; ! the error number ! STRING .buf; ! place message here ! INT .messlen; ! return message length, max 60! BEGIN ! ! STRING ! ! .
Tailoring TGAL TGAL Procedures RESERVED^WORD Procedure The RESERVED^WORD procedure lets you change the names of the TGAL commands. This procedure supplies the character values for an internal number. The internal number can change from release to release. Therefore, you change only the character values that represent the commands. In this procedure, you change the name of the command or option (the names are enclosed in quotation marks) and the value of the length.
Tailoring TGAL TGAL Procedures In the file TGALUPS, the RESERVED^WORD procedure is: INT PROC reserved^word(str); ! STRING .str; ! token to be found ! BEGIN ! ! STRING .
Tailoring TGAL TGAL Procedures T^OUTLEN, T^OUT, T^OV, T^PAGELEN, T^PAUSE, T^POFF, T^SECT, T^SEQ, T^SET, T^SHORT, T^SPACE, T^SUBHEAD, T^TAG, T^TEXT, T^TODAY, T^TOP^MARGIN, T^TRANSPARENT, T^TRIGGER, T^UPSHIFT, T^USA, T^VERSION, T^WORLD, 0 ]; 6, 3, 2, 7, 5, 4, 4, 3, 3, 5, 5, 7, 3, 4, 5, 9, 11, 7, 7, 3, 7, 5, "OUTLEN", "OUT", "OV", "PAGELEN", "PAUSE", "POFF", "SECT", "SEQ", -> "SET", "SHORT", "SPACE", "SUBHEAD", "TAG", "TEXT", "TODAY", "TOPMARGIN", "TRANSPARENT", "TRIGGER", "UPSHIFT", "USA", "VERSION", "WORL
Tailoring TGAL TGAL Procedures The exclamation points mark off the comments in the program. You can change only the lines marked with an arrow. The procedure does not determine the length of the names; therefore, you must remember to change the values of the length; for example: INT PROC reserved^word(str); STRING .str; BEGIN STRING .
Tailoring TGAL TGAL Procedures TODAY Procedure The TODAY procedure sets the parameters that determine the standard format used when you specify the TODAY option in the HEAD, SUBHEAD, and FOOT commands. The TODAY command overrides this procedure on a document-by-document basis. The month list must start and end with a comma. The list can contain up to 256 characters including the commas. In the TGALUPS file, the TODAY procedure is: PROC TODAY(LEN,SEP,NAT,LIST); ! INT .
Tailoring TGAL TGAL Procedures TRIGGER Procedure The TRIGGER procedure sets the standard trigger character. The TRIGGER command overrides this procedure on a document by document basis. The trigger character can be any character except a blank or a quotation mark. In the TGALUPS file, this procedure is: PROC TRIGGER(CHAR); STRING .
Appendix A Syntax Summary ALT ON number [ ALWAYS ] OFF ARROW ON OFF BLANK [ "c" ] BOTTOMMARGIN number BOX [ "c1" [, "c2" ] ] ...text...
Syntax Summary ON OFF DBL ON OFF ERRORS EXIT FOOT "footing" [ [ trigger ] TODAY ] HEAD "heading" IF IN ON toggle number OFF file name ON JOIN OFF JUSTIFY A–2 [ [ trigger ] TODAY ] ON [ ALWAYS ] OFF 060865 Tandem Computers Incorporated
Syntax Summary ON OFF LINENO ONOFF number NEED Btrigger ODD EVEN NEW number1 [ / number2 ] OUT "name1" number1 [ / "name2" number2 ] number OUTLEN [ number ] OV PAGELEN number ON PAUSE OFF POFF number 060865 Tandem Computers Incorporated A–3
Syntax Summary "title " number [ CENTER [ "right-string" ] ] SECT ON OFF SEQ toggle number SET [ number ] SPACE SUBHEAD "subheading" TAG "footing" ON OFF TEXT TODAY [ [ trigger ] TODAY ] ONOFF number Btrigger SHORT LONG ["s"] TOPMARGIN number A–4 ON OFF 060865 Tandem Computers Incorporated USA WORLD ["month1‚month2‚...
Syntax Summary TRANSPARENT ... text ...
Appendix B Command Summary Commands Default Value Value Range Explanation ALT OFF 0 1-65 Columns ARROW ON prints headings, subheadings and page numbers on alternating sides of the page; adds space to the left margin on evennumbered pages. prints a continuation arrow in a box that exceeds one page. defines a character that prints as a blank but prevents additional blanks for line justification. defines the size of the bottom margin in lines. starts or stops a box.
Command Summary Commands Default Value NEED OFF NEW OUTLEN 70 Value Range 1-132 Columns OUT OV 1 PAGELEN 66 13-90 Lines PAUSE POFF OFF 0 1-65 Columns SECT “”1 SEQ SET OFF 1-10 OFF SPACE SUBHEAD “” TAG “ ” OFF TEXT TODAY OFF SHORT “/” USA TOPMARGIN 6 TRANSPARENT TRIGGER B–2 “\” 060865 Tandem Computers Incorporated 6-30 Lines Explanation keeps the specified number of lines on the same page. starts a new page.
Command Summary Commands Default Value UPSHIFT OFF VERSION “” 060865 Tandem Computers Incorporated Value Range Explanation converts lowercase alphabetic characters to uppercase. defines the version of a document. Prints vertical bars in the margin for a corresponding TAG command and prints the corresponding footing for both the TAG and FOOT commands. You must use the VERSION command with the TAG command. This command affects the FOOT command.
Appendix C Error Messages TGAL prints error messages on a special page that follows the page which contains the errors. TGAL prints up to 10 error messages for each page. More errors can be contained on one page, but TGAL only prints messages for 10 errors. TGAL does not count the error page as part of the document, so the error messages do not affect the page numbers.
Error Messages FILE READ ERROR This message appears when an I/O error occurred on the input file. The most frequent cause of this error is file-system error 11, file not found, when using the IN command. Check the subvolume and file name of the file. FILE FORMAT ERROR This message appears when an error in the format of the EDIT file is detected. This error is very rare. If this error occurs, edit the file.
Error Messages COMMAND ERROR Command An error occurred in the command line. This message also includes the first 15 characters of the command line that is in error. The most frequent causes for this message are typographical errors and text residing on the command line. WARNING: TEXT EXCEEDS BOX SIZE A line within a box is overwritten by the sides of the box. Change the length of the line that is too long to at least two characters less than the line length specified by the OUTLEN command.
Appendix D English To TGAL Dictionary English Definition TGAL Command Alternate page numbers Alternate page headings, subheadings, and footings Arrow (creating an arrow) Arrow (stopping an arrow) Blanks (marking spaces to remain blank within joined and justified text) Boldface Bottom margin Boxing text Box width Box continuation arrow Centering copy Combining files Command file Comments within a file Composite symbols Conditional paging Conditional printing Date line Double spacing EDIT Line numbers Equa
English To TGAL Dictionary D–2 English Definition TGAL Command Line numbers (sequence) Lines (inserting blank lines) Lowercase letters (converting to uppercase) Margins (bottom) Margins (justified) Margins (larger left margins on alternating pages) Margins (left) Margins (right) Margins (right justified) Margins (top) Marking changes Merging files New page New page (even pages only) New page (odd pages only) Nesting files Numbering lines (numbering text lines as they correspond with EDIT file numbers) N
English To TGAL Dictionary English Definition TGAL Command Printing specific pages Printing specific sections of a document Printing TGAL commands Reserving space Revised lines (printing pages marked with a footing; the footing is produced with the FOOT command or with the TAG and VERSION commands) Right justified text Right justified text (the same as using the JOIN and JUSTIFY commands) Section title Selecting pages to print Sequence numbers Sequence numbers when used with error messages Spacing (addit
Index A ALT command 1-11/12, 2-1, 2-2/3 and POFF command 2-2/3, 2-55 and SECT command 2-2/3, 2-56 Altering TGAL 4-1 ARROW command 2-5 and BOX command 2-9 Arrows 2-5 B Backslash 2-79 BANNER procedure 4-1, 4-2 BLANK command 2-6 and JOIN command 2-6, 2-31 and JUSTIFY command 2-6, 2-34 and TEXT command 2-6, 2-71 Blanks inserting to justify text 2-31 pages 2-64 spaces 2-6 Boldface 1-10, 2-49/50 BOTTOMMARGIN command 1-4/5, 2-1, 2-8 and footings 2-8, 2-22 and page length 2-8, 2-51 and page numbers 2-8, 2-56 BOX co
Index C CENTER command 1-10, 2-12 and OUTLEN command 2-12, 2-47 See TGAL Tutorial Centering lines 1-10, 2-12 Change bars 1-11/12 CHANGES command 2-15 and FOOT command 2-15, 2-22 and TAG command 2-15, 2-68 and VERSION command 2-15, 2-82 Column first 1-1, 1-11/12 Command file 2-29/30 Command Interpreter prompt character 1-7 STOP command 1-9 Command line 1-1 Commands 1-1, 2-1 adding names of 4-6/7 as text 2-77 changing names of 4-6/7 page boundaries 2-1 summary B-1 syntax summary A-1 COMMENT command 2-16 Comp
Index E EDIT 1-1 EDIT file 1-7 line numbers 1-9, 2-19, 2-37 Edit file line numbers C-1 Editing TGALUPS 4-1 Error messages 1-7, C-1 altering text of 4-4/5 reporting 1-9, 2-19 ERRORS command 2-19 ERROR^MESSAGE procedure 4-1, 4-4/5 EXIT command 2-20 Explanatory text 2-16 F Files combining (merging) 2-29/30 command 2-29/30 EDIT 1-7 nesting 2-29/30 Flags change bars (tags) 1-11/12 FOOT command 1-9, 1-10, 2-1, 2-22 and VERSION command 1-13, 2-82 See TGAL Tutorial Footings 1-10, 2-22 alternating 2-2/3 and date 1-
Index I IF command 1-11/12, 2-26 and SET command 2-26, 2-63 IN 1-7 IN command 1-11/12, 2-29/30 Interactive TGAL 2-20, 4-2 J JOIN command 2-31 and BOX command 2-9, 2-31 and BREAK command 2-11, 2-31 and CENTER command 2-12, 2-31 and OUTLEN command 2-31, 2-47 See TGAL Tutorial JUSTIFY command 2-34 and BOX command 2-9, 2-34 and CENTER command 2-12, 2-34 and OV command 2-34, 2-49/50 See TGAL Tutorial Justifying footings 2-2/3 headings 2-2/3 page numbers 2-2/3 suppressing justification 2-9, 2-11 text 2-34, 2-71
Index M Margins bottom 2-8 left 1-10, 2-55 ragged right 2-31 right 1-10, 2-47 right justified 1-10, 2-34 standard 1-4/5 top 2-75 Marking changes 1-11/12 Modifying TGAL 4-1 Month list 2-73, 4-10 N NEED command 2-39 NEW command 1-10, 2-43 NOWAIT 1-8 Number sign (#) 1-7, 2-6 O OUT 1-7 OUT command 1-9, 2-45 OUTLEN command 1-10, 2-1, 2-47 See TGAL Tutorial OV command 1-10, 2-49/50 See TGAL Tutorial P Page numbers 1-3, 1-4/5, 2-56, 2-68 alternating 2-2/3 justifying 2-2/3 position in margin 2-2/3 Page width stand
Index Pages length 2-51 standard format 1-4/5 width 2-47 Paging conditional 1-11/12, 2-39 PAUSE command 1-11/12, 2-53 PERUSE 1-8 POFF command 1-9, 1-10, 2-1, 2-55 See TGAL Tutorial pound sign 2-6 Print offset 1-4/5, 2-55 Printer 1-7 Printer widths and LINENO command 2-37 Printing pages selecting revised pages 2-15 selecting specific pages 1-9, 1-11/12, 2-45, 2-15 Process 1-7 Prompt character Command Interpreter 1-7 TGAL 2-20 Punctuation 2-31 R Reserved words 4-6/7 RESERVED^WORD procedure 4-1, 4-6/7 Revised
Index SPACE command 2-1, 2-64 Spacing additional blank lines 2-64 after final punctuation 2-31 double 2-17 reserving 2-64 standard 1-4/5 Spooler 1-7 STOP 1-9 Stopping TGAL 1-9, 2-20 Subdevice 1-7 SUBHEAD command 1-10, 2-66 See TGAL Tutorial Subheadings 1-10, 2-66 and date 1-10 T TAG command 1-11/12, 2-68 Tags 1-11/12 Tailoring TGAL 4-1 Terminal considerations 2-53 Terminal widths and LINENO command 2-37 TEXT command 1-10, 2-71 See TGAL Tutorial Text editor EDIT 1-1 Text formatter TGAL 1-1 TGAL, altering 4-
Index Trigger character 1-11/12, 2-79, 4-1 altering 4-11 as text 2-56 backslash 1-1 TRIGGER command 2-79, 4-1 default, altering 4-11 TRIGGER procedure 4-1, 4-11 Two-sided printing alternating pages 2-2/3 U Underlining 1-10, 2-49/50 UPDATE program 4-1 Upper-case to lower-case 2-81 UPSHIFT command 2-1, 2-81 V VERSION command 1-11/12, 2-82 Vertical bar 2-63 Index–8 060865 Tandem Computers Incorporated
