HP VPN Firewall Appliances Appendix Protocol Reference

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Table Of Contents

Title Page
Contents
IP routing basics
- Routing table
- Dynamic routing protocols
- Route preference
- Load sharing
- Route backup
- Route recursion
- Route redistribution
Static routing
Default route
RIP
- Overview
- RIP operation
- RIP versions
- RIP message format
- Supported RIP features
- Protocols and standards
OSPF
- Overview
- OSPF packets
- LSA types
- OSPF area
- Router types
- Route types
- Route calculation
- OSPF network types
- DR and BDR
  - DR and BDR election
- Protocols and standards
IS-IS
- Overview
- Terminology
- IS-IS address format
- NET
- IS-IS area
  - Level-1 and Level-2
  - Route leaking
- IS-IS network types
  - Network types
  - DIS and pseudonodes
- IS-IS PDUs
- Supported IS-IS features
- Protocols and standards
BGP
- BGP speaker and BGP peer
- BGP message types
- BGP path attributes
- BGP route selection
- BGP route advertisement rules
- BGP load balancing
- Settlements for problems in large-scale BGP networks
- MP-BGP
  - MP-BGP extended attributes
  - Address family
- BGP configuration views
- Protocols and standards
IPv6 static routing
IPv6 default route
RIPng
- Overview
- RIPng working mechanism
- RIPng packet format
  - Basic format
  - RTE format
- RIPng packet processing procedure
  - Request packet
  - Response packet
- Protocols and standards
OSPFv3
- Overview
- Packets
- LSA types
- Timers
- Supported features
- Protocols and standards
IPv6 IS-IS
- Overview
IPv6 BGP
Multicast overview
- Overview
- Multicast models
- Multicast architecture
  - Multicast addresses
    - IP multicast addresses
    - Ethernet multicast MAC addresses
  - Multicast protocols
- Multicast packet forwarding mechanism
Multicast routing and forwarding
- Overview
- RPF check mechanism
  - RPF check process
  - RPF check implementation in multicast
- Static multicast routes
  - Changing an RPF route
  - Creating an RPF route
- Multicast forwarding across unicast subnets
- Multicast traceroute
IGMP
- Overview
- IGMP versions
- IGMPv1 overview
- IGMPv2 overview
  - Querier election mechanism
  - "Leave group" mechanism
- IGMPv3 overview
  - Enhancements in control capability of hosts
  - Enhancements in query and report capabilities
- IGMP SSM mapping
- IGMP proxying
- Protocols and standards
PIM
- Overview
- PIM-DM overview
- PIM-SM overview
- Administrative scoping overview
  - Relationship between admin-scoped zones and the global-scoped zone
- PIM-SSM overview
- Relationship among PIM protocols
- Protocols and standards
MSDP
- Overview
- How MSDP works
- Protocols and standards
IPv6 multicast routing and forwarding
- Overview
- RPF check mechanism
- RPF check implementation in IPv6 multicast
- IPv6 multicast forwarding across IPv6 unicast subnets
IPv6 PIM
- Overview
- IPv6 PIM-DM overview
- IPv6 PIM-SM overview
- IPv6 PIM-SSM overview
- Relationship among IPv6 PIM protocols
- Protocols and standards
MLD
- Overview
- MLD versions
- How MLDv1 works
- How MLDv2 works
- MLD message types
  - MLD query message
  - MLD report message
- MLD SSM mapping
- MLD proxying
- Protocols and standards
Support and other resources
- Contacting HP
  - Subscription service
- Related information
  - Documents
  - Websites
- Conventions
Index

IS-IS

The term "router" in this document refers to both routers and routing-capable firewalls and firewall

modules.

Overview

Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) is a dynamic routing protocol designed by the ISO to

operate on the connectionless network protocol (CLNP).

IS-IS was modified and extended in RFC 1195 by the IETF for application in both TCP/IP and OSI

reference models, called "Integrated IS-IS" or "Dual IS-IS."

IS-IS is an IGP used within an AS. It uses the SPF algorithm for route calculation.

Terminology

• Intermediate system—IS is the basic unit in an IS-IS routing domain to generate and propagate

routing information, similar to a router in TCP/IP. In the following text, an IS refers to a router.

• End system—An ES does not run IS-IS, similar to a host system in TCP/IP. ISO defines the ES-IS

protocol for communication between an ES and an IS.

• Routing domain—An RD comprises a group of ISs that exchange routing information with each

other by using the same routing protocol.

• Area—An IS-IS routing domain can be split into multiple areas.

• Link State Database—All link states in the network forms the LSDB. Each IS has at least one LSDB.

An IS uses the SPF algorithm and LSDB to generate IS-IS routes.

• Link State Protocol Data Unit or Link State Packet—An IS advertises all its link state information in

an LSP.

• Network Protocol Data Unit—An NPDU is a network layer protocol packet in OSI, similar to an IP

packet in TCP/IP.

• Designated IS—A DIS is elected on a broadcast network.

• Network service access point—An NSAP is an OSI network layer address. It identifies an abstract

network service access point and describes the network address format in the OSI reference model.

IS-IS address format

NSAP

As shown in Figure 10, an NSAP address comprises the initial domain part (IDP) and the domain specific

part (DSP). The IDP is equal to the network ID of an IP address, and the DSP is equal to the subnet and

host ID.

The IDP includes the authority and format identifier (AFI) and the initial domain identifier (IDI).